09 人与自我之生活与学习
Passage 1
（22-23高二下·浙江丽水·期末）The “script murder” game is not only popular in China,
but the genre is loved by many people around the world. A cast of actors plays the suspects, and
the participants solve the case. In fact, murder-inspired board games, card games, interactive
books and party games have been around at least since the so-called golden age of British crime
fiction in the 1920s and 1930s, which saw the rise of legendary authors like Agatha Christie.
Sam Emmerson, creative director of Moonstone Murder Mysteries in London, a company
that creates and runs immersive mysteries, says people like the puzzle aspect of it, and the
improvised exchanges with the actors: “It’s the reputation that murder mysteries have built up
these days, as being a fun thing to go to.” After all, real-life violent crime is every person’s worst
nightmare. “If it was a real-life situation, and someone’s been murdered, that’s not a fun subject.
You’re in this sort of alternate reality where we’re very casually solving the death of a human
being.”
The enduring popularity of these games presents a mystery of its own: What motivates
ordinary, law-abiding people to spend an evening investigating fake bloodshed, and hunting
pretend murderers? One simple explanation might be curiosity. But that is not the full story.
Instead, murder games follow a surprisingly complex set of psychological rules. They allow us to
learn and practice important mental and emotional skills, and can even teach us not to overlook
important evidence.
“The basic idea is that we are using them as a way to simulate threatening plots, and then
play around with how we would respond to that,” Coltan Scrivner, a behavioral scientist says. The
response could be behavioral, or even just emotional, in terms of handling the fear. He calls such
games “scary play”, and compares them to play-fighting among animals, which prepares them for
real-life fighting, but also hunting or tracking down the target.
1．According to the passage, what do we know about Agatha Christie?
A．She is an excellent writer who writes out of passion.
B．She is an outstanding writer who is known for her detective novels.
C．She is a legendary writer who has invented the “script murder” game.D．She is a famous writer who makes international headlines with her science fiction.
2．Sam Emmerson’s Moonstone Murder Mysteries enables people to_______.
A．experience immersive mysteries in a fictional world
B．change real-life violent crime into a fun thing to go to
C．create and solve immersive mysteries in a virtual reality
D．defend the reputation that murder mysteries have built up these days
3．What else attracts people who participate in the “script murder” games besides curiosity?
A．Following complicated psychological rules.
B．Experiencing dramatically threatening plots.
C．Accumulating major information in real-life fighting and hunting.
D．Gaining important mental and emotional skills as well as wisdom.
4．What’s the author’s attitude towards the “script murder” game?
A．Negative. B．Cautious.
C．Positive. D．Objective.
Passage 2
（23-24高二下·安徽黄山·期末）Today, open book-review pages, and you are more likely
to see writers describing each other and their work with such words as “brilliant” and “insightful”
rather than, as they once did, “tiresome”. An editor for BuzzFeed, a news site, even announced
that its books section would not do negative book reviews at all. This was wonderful news for
writers everywhere. It was not such good news for readers.
The best bad reviews are scalpel (手术刀) jobs, observes the British critic Adam Mars-
Jones,“ because if it’s not precise, it’s not going to work.” One of the finest was used by George
Eliot on Charlotte Bronte’s “Jane Eyre”. “I wish,” Eliot wrote.“ the characters would talk a little
less like the heroes and heroines of police reports.” Modem reviewers rarely achieve such deadly
beauty. All too often reviews are full of filler words: “darkly funny”, “deep thinking”. Many of
these imply the word “boring”, which is in effect forbidden on literary pages.
The Internet is one reason for this softening. It has changed both the economics of
criticism(newspapers have fewer book pages, so editors tend to fill them with the books you
should read, not the ones you should not) and the advisability of it. The Internet has also helped
decrease anonymity (匿名). Once, most reviews were anonymous. Today, most reviewers are notonly named but easily searchable. Whereas 30 years ago, critics were “encouraged to really have a
go at people”, now people are ‘terrified of giving public criticism’’.
There have been attempts to bring back sharp criticism. In 2012 an award called the
“Hatchet Job of the Year” was launched by two critics as a “mission against boredom and lazy
thinking”. It ran for three years. Fleur Macdonald, one of its co-founders, thinks that “the literary
scene probably needs it more than over now”, but that it struggled to get sponsorship since “bad
book reviews can cause disagreements”.
5．What is the feature of book reviews nowadays?
A．They are getting brilliant. B．They are very friendly to readers.
C．They hardly offer sharp criticism. D．They show no respect for writers’ feelings.
6．What does the author feel at Eliot’s review of “Jane Eyre”?
A．Exact and effective. B．Beautiful and talkative.
C．Thoughtful and funny. D．Unfriendly and uncertain.
7．How is paragraph 3 mainly developed?
A．By listing figures. B．By making comparisons.
C．By providing examples. D．By making classifications.
8．What can we learn about the “Hatchet Job of the Year”?
A．It inspired many critics. B．It became an instant hit.
C．It met with challenges. D．It has been running for years.
Passage 3
（23-24高二下·广东江门·期末）“Everything happens for the best,” my mother said
whenever things weren’t going my way. “Don’t worry. One day your luck will change.”
Mother was right, as I discovered after I had finished my college education, I had decided
to try for a job in radio. One day, I wanted to host a sports programme. I went to Chicago and
knocked on the door of every station. But I got turned down every time.
In one station, a kind lady said my problem was that I hadn’t got enough experience. “Get
some work with a small station and work your way up,” she said.
I went back home. I couldn’t get a job there, either. Then my dad told me a businessman
had opened a store and needed someone to help him. But again, I didn’t get the job.I felt really down. “Your luck will change,” Mom said to me. Dad lent me the car to help
me to look for my job. I tried another radio station in Iowa. But the owner, an iceman, told me he
had already had someone.
As I left his office, I asked, “How can someone be a sports announcer if he can’t get a job
in a radio station?”
I was waiting for the lift when I heard the man call, “What did you mean? Do you know
anything about football?” He put me in front of a microphone and asked me to try to imagine that
I was giving my opinion on a football game, I succeeded.
On my way home, Mom’s words come back to me, “One day your luck will change, Son.
And when it happens, it’ll feel doubly good because of all the hard work you’ve had.” At that
moment I knew just what she meant.
9．What’s the writer’s ideal job?
A．A sportsman. B．A shop assistant.
C．A sports announcer. D．A businessman.
10．What does the underlined sentence “But I got turned down every time” mean?
A．But I was refused every time. B．But I was successful every time.
C．But I lost my way every time. D．But the door of every station was always
closed.
11．What the best title of this passage?
A．Mother’s Words. B．Everything Happens for the Best.
C．No One Is Always Lucky. D．To Find a Job in Radio Is Difficult.
12．Which words can be used to describe the writer’s mother?
A．Strong-willed and independent. B．Easy-going and warm-hearted.
C．Caring and optimistic. D．Humorous and responsible.
Passage 4
（23-24高二下·云南昆明·阶段练习）As a teenager in the 1990s, Melissa Blake was
interested in fashion. Unfortunately, fashion wasn’t much interested in her. Blake, who has a
genetic bone and muscle disorder and stands a little under 4 feet tall, couldn’t find jeans or dresses
in her size. Paging through magazines, she didn’t see a single person like her. “That would have
been a game changer for me,” says Blake, who had 26 surgeries before age 17 to treat herFreeman-Sheldon syndrome.
So far, Blake, 39, has spent her adult life trying to make up for that. She is a disability-
rights activist as well as a freelance (自由职业的) writer whose works have appeared in The New
York Times and Clamour, but she gained a national following in 2019 after clapping back at
people who made ugly comments about her online.
Blake posted a new selfie (自拍)every day. “Some selfies were serious, like the ones where
I talked about disabilities or, how I was feeling on not-so-good days. Some were fun and silly, but
each was a celebration, and each carried a message. However, some people said that I should be
banned from posting photos of myself because I’m too ugly. I feel like every time I post a selfie or
share something about my life as a disabled woman, it is a representation to fight that,” Blake told
WBUR.
Her fans went wild, calling Blake a goddess and a powerful woman. Among her fans is
Mindy Scheier, the founder and CEO of Runway of Dreams, which displays fashion for people
with disabilities. Last fall, Scheier asked Blake to be one of the event’s 24 models because of her
support of the welfare of the disabled.
“It was a little scary,” Blake says of modeling. But she’s glad she took the challenge.
“When disabled people are included, it sends a message that we should get a seat at the table in all
aspects of life.”
13．What can be inferred from the 1st paragraph?
A．Melissa Blake was a game designer.
B．Melissa Blake was interested in games.
C．Melissa Blake was too tall to find suitable clothes.
D．Melissa Blake’s fashion dream was affected by her disability.
14．Why did Melissa Blake post selfies every day?
A．To show off her fashion sense.
B．To gain a national following.
C．To become a model for Runway of Dreams.
D．To fight against ugly comments about her appearance.
15．Why was Melissa Blake asked to be a model for Runway of Dreams?
A．Because she is a fashion icon. B．Because she is the founder of the event.
C．Because she is a disability-rights activist.D．Because she is a professional writer.16．Which of the following best matches the article?
A．Courage can break down obstacles.
B．A friend in need is a friend indeed.
C．Practice makes perfect.
D．It is never too old to learn.
Passage 5
（23-24高二下·江西南昌·期末）On the crowded supermarket shelves, food products try
to attract attention, using packaging and labels to clinch the deal. Around 72% of American
consumers say that product packaging influences their purchase decisions. Food companies are
aware of this and understand that it applies to packaging design as well as the message conveyed
through labels.
Louis Biscotti, the National Leader for Food Beverage Services Group, writes that when the
Food and Drug Administration (FDA) update d its policy on the nutrition facts label for packaged
foods in 2020, food and drink companies found they could use the labels on their packaging to
provide nutritional and other data to drive increase in sales. The information on the FDA labels
and what they packed onto their labels and packaging greatly increased sales. Many consumers
surveyed were more likely to buy products with “natural” labels.
A new report takes a look at the popularity of the “natural” claim on food packaging and it’s
eye-opening. “Food suppliers can use the label that claims the food is ‘natural’ at a relatively low
cost because regulatory (监管的) agencies treat the claim as meaning nothing artificial was added
and that the product was hardly processed,” the authors explain.
While that is certainly valuable information to know, the problem is in consumers’
understanding of what “natural” means. Studies show that people think a product labeled as
“natural” delivers benefits far beyond what it actually does, with most consumers mistakenly
linking health and environmental care qualities to food with “natural” labels. In a 2022 survey,
86% of people reported that they purchased products with “natural” labels because they believed
the labels indicated better-than-standard animal welfare and higher environmental care production
practices.
That might simply seem discouraging as food producers are taking advantage of consumers’
innocence to increase sales. But the more serious problem is how this harms food producers whoare actually meeting the standards for stricter labeling. These producers are doing good but ending
up at a competitive disadvantage if consumers consider foods labeled “natural” as alike.
As a consequence, any health and environmental care benefits that might have been realized
from consumers choosing products that matched their preferences could be lost.
17．What does the underlined word “clinch” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
A．Secure. B．Standardize. C．Close. D．Cut.
18．What was the consequence of the FDA’s 2020 policy on packaged foods?
A．It helped consumers make careful choices.
B．It led to a sharp price rise in packaged foods.
C．Companies found new chances to increase sales.
D．Companies were forced to make more healthy products.
19．Why does the food with the “natural” label gain favor with consumers?
A．It has a better taste. B．It is at a lower price.
C．It comes in a great many varieties. D．It is thought to be healthy and green.
20．What’s the text mainly about?
A．Label design is important for food companies.
B．The message on food labels may be misleading.
C．Customers should check the label before purchasing.
D．“Natural” labels should be added to food packaging.
