10 人与自我之做人与做事
Passage 1
（23-24 高三下·重庆·阶段练习）More than half of the world’s population are city
residents, and, by 2050, the United Nations predicts that seven in ten people will be. Architects are
having to consider how architecture influences our emotional well-being in urban settings.
According to Colin Ellard, a research psychologist at Waterloo University, Canada, there is
a lot of evidence which shows “the profound impact that the design of buildings has on how we
feel, how we treat one another, and our overall psychological well-being”. A study from the
University of Heidelberg concluded that people raised in the countryside are less likely to have
mental disorders than those raised in the city. The city of Vancouver in Canada, which is
surrounded by mountains and ocean, recognises the need to connect with nature. It has included
protecting ocean and mountain views in its urban planning guidelines. For example, tall buildings
are set up in strategic locations that don’t block scenic views for downtown residents.
The British designer Thomas Heatherwick wants to make architecture less soulless and
boring. He told The Guardian, “We need to fearlessly demand interestingness and make
buildings that enrich our senses.” He has listed seven characteristics of a boring building. These
include being too flat and straight. He says lack of depth means light and shadow cannot play on
surfaces, while straight lines are at odds with nature and make buildings dull.
However, making buildings interesting is not always easy, as architect Rafael Vinoly found
out in 2013 when he created the 37-store y skyscraper in London. The building was admired for its
curved exterior walls covered in reflective glass. However, it acted like a magnifying glass and
reflected light which melted nearby cars and almost set fire to a carpet. A screen had to be added
to prevent the building causing further damage.
So, for your own well-being, surround yourself with buildings that bring you joy, and
ideally a view of nature.
1．Why are tall buildings located in certain places in Vancouver?
A．To protect people’s mental health. B．To follow the tradition of the city.
C．To caution people against disorder. D．To reveal the prosperity of the area.
2．Which kind of building is Thomas’ preference?A．One with straight lines. B．One having flat surfaces.
C．One having a security system. D．One with innovative patterns.
3．What did Rafael Vinoly fail to consider in his design?
A．Boldness. B．Creativity. C．Practicality. D．Flexibility.
4．What is the purpose of the passage?
A．To call on people to live in big cities.
B．To compare buildings in different cities.
C．To stress the importance of healthy emotion.
D．To convince people of emotional impact by buildings.
Passage 2
（23-24高二下·浙江·期中）Students at an elementary school in California, with the help
of their art teacher, created a telephone hotline that people can call to get cheerful advice from kids
during difficult times. In just days, the hotline began getting thousands of calls an hour.
Jessica Martin, who teaches art at West Side School in Healdsburg, California, thought her
students just might have the magic words needed to bring calmness to people in these difficult
times. “To hear the pure joy from kids is extremely comforting,” she says.
Ms. Martin, along with artist Asherah Weiss, worked with students at West Side on a project
they called “PepToc”. Actually, they called it “Pep Talk” first. But when Ms. Martin’s 6-year-old
son drew an advertisement for the hotline and spelled it “PepToc”, they decided they liked that
even better.
The project had two parts — one was the hotline, and the other was creating encouraging
posters.
The hotline is available in English and Spanish. It offers the happy voices of children of
different ages sharing positive messages. For example, by pressing 3, you can hear a group of
kindergartners saying together, “You can do it! Keep trying and don’t give up!” Pressing 4 triggers
the sounds of children giggling and laughing — a sound certain to bring a smile to anyone’s face.
Pressing 1 brings up ideas for people who are “feeling mad, frustrated, or nervous”. Helpful
suggestions include: “punch your pillow”, or “go get a cookie”. Pressing 2 results in “words of
encouragement and life advice”. This includes messages like: “The world is a better place withyou in it.” And “You are okay!”
Other students took part in making encouraging posters, which were hung up around the
town. Many posters had strips of paper that people passing by could tear off and take with them.
For example, one poster said “If you are mad, think of positive thoughts”, and had tear-off strips
reminding people to “Be happy”.
5．What do we know about the PepToc project?
A．The project has not started yet. B．It got its present name by accident.
C．Its hotline only provides English service. D．Jessica Martin will answer the hotline calls.
6．You can press ______ to hear kids’ laughter when calling the hotline.
A．1 B．2 C．3 D．4
7．What can passers-by do with the posters?
A．They can add their comments to the posters. B．They can take away the poster’s strips.
C．They can take photos for posters for free.D．They can redesign the posters.
8．Who is the hotline possibly targeted at?
A．Newborn babies. B．Relaxed vacationer.
C．Experienced advice providers. D．Mentally stressed adults.
Passage 3
（23-24 高二下·河南·期末）After having her second child, 35-year-old Eman Wagdy
Selim felt that she had a bigger purpose in life. Although her background was in language and
translation, the young Egyptian woman, with her husband’s support, had an idea to create a
platform called “Al Faraza” to provide high-quality fruits and vegetables at competitive prices.
After listing 150 products, the platform began offering meat and cheese as well through start-up
companies.
In 2019, Eman developed the project further into an app that allowed Egyptian women and
other small-business owners who sold homemade meals, as well as local farmers, to bring their
products to a wider audience.
Today, “Al Faraza”, an Egyptian word that refers to careful and attentive selection, supports
Egyptian women in particular, providing them with job opportunities and income to secure decent
lives for themselves and their families. They also have access to training opportunities to learnhow to best prepare, market and sell homemade food to customers in Egypt through the app.
Eman’s idea only became a reality after she heard about the One Million Arab Coders
Initiative, which provides online training courses to help Arab youth build and master coding (编
码) skills so they can pursue jobs in digital technologies and develop their own high-tech projects.
She enrolled in the Initiative’s Data Analysis track, where she learned how to transform
data into successful ideas. Acquiring these skills was a vital step towards the success of “Al
Faraza”, and Eman is proud of the personal growth and achievements she has experienced thanks
to the Initiative.
Overjoyed at the success of her project, Eman says, “‘Al Faraza’ has helped change the
lives of 800 Egyptian women, and we will continue to grow and develop our project. We promise
that we will expand the app’s reach to be accessible to all Egyptian women, wherever they are, so
that we can grow together as one team.”
9．What can we know about “Al Faraza”?
A．It was created in 2019.
B．It only sells homemade products.
C．The prices of its products are the lowest.
D．It offers a wide range of excellent products.
10．What can Egyptian women learn from “Al Faraza”?
A．Coding skills. B．Marketing skills.
C．Communication skills. D．Language skills.
11．What is the key to Eman’s success?
A．The financial support from her husband.
B．Her working experience in the Initiative.
C．Her background in language and translation.
D．Her skills learnt from online training courses.
12．Which of the following can best describe Eman?
A．Peace-loving and strong. B．Kind-hearted and capable.
C．Hard-working and brave. D．Good-tempered and clever.
Passage 4（23-24高二下·湖南衡阳·期末）She could have just quit. The race was long decided, and
rain was falling in floods. But Bou Samnan g was running for her country — Cambodia — so she
kept going, racing alone on a track in Phnom Penh. And for that, she is being considered as an
inspiration.
“I knew I was losing. The rain was so heavy. I had the right to abandon the race, but first I
had a duty to represent Cambodia. So I did not give up,” she said afterward. “I tried to reach the
finish line because I also wanted to show people that in life, even though we go a bit slow or fast,
we will reach our destination all the same.”
News of Bou Samnang’s persistence spread rapidly: sports and news outlets around the
world shared a video of her finishing the women’s 5000-meter race on May 8 at the Southeast
Asian Games, which Cambodia was hosting for the first time.
In the video, the roar of rainfall is punctuated by cheers and shouts of encouragement as
Bou Samnang finally nears and then crosses the finish line, almost six minutes behind the winner,
Vietnam’s Thi Oanh Nguyen. Bou Samnang clasped her hands to acknowledge the fans who
braved the rain to cheer her on, her face wet with tears and rain as she lifted her country’s flag.
Since the race, Bou Samnang has continued to win fans in Cambodia and beyond. The
runner’s persistence was also noted by Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen, who said he was
proud of her for reminding everyone that sports are about more than winning and losing. And he
announced the athlete would get $10,000 as a reward. As for what she’ll do with the money from
Cambodia’s strongman leader, she said she wanted to pay off her mother’s debts.
13．Why did Samnang continue running despite the long decided race?
A．She was accompanied and encouraged by her fans.
B．She was determined to beat the Vietnamese runner.
C．She needed the prize to pay off her mother’s debts.
D．She hoped to show people the true spirit of sports.
14．For what did Samnang get $10,000 as a reward?
A．Having so many fans. B．Her strong determination.
C．Winning the competition. D．Her contributions to the country.
15．Which of the following can best describe Samnang?
A．Proud and optimistic. B．Strong-willed and dutiful.
C．Confident and competitive. D．Cheerful and hardworking.16．What does the author want to convey through the text?
A．Persistence can really make a difference.B．A hero is known in the time of misfortune.
C．Winning matters more than losing in sports. D．Friendship comes first and competition
second.
Passage 5
（23-24高三上·海南·期末）On a hot summer day in 2017, 9-year-old Hayli Martenez set
up a lemonade stand outside her home in Kankakee, Illinois. She thought it would be a great way
to earn money for college. Hayli’s lemonade stand was a success. In June 2019, a local newspaper
wrote an article about her.
But the news coverage turned out to be bad for Hayli’s business. Officials from the local
health department soon demanded that she shut it down. They said Hayli needed a permit for her
lemonade stand and that it didn’t meet health code requirements. Although Hayli thought it was
unfair to prevent a kid from selling lemonade in her front yard, she had no choice but to stop.
News of Hayli’s shutdown spread and caught the attention of an official in the county
government. Inspired by Hayli’s story, he came up with a bill, which would make it easier for kids
to run lemonade stands. He invited Hayli to speak in support of the bill to a committee of state
senators (参议员) in March 2021.
Although Hayli was excited to get the chance to tell her story, she was worried about
addressing the group of senators. She was jittery at first. Her voice started to shake and she talked
too fast, running out of breath. But Hayli quickly gained confidence when she remembered who
she was there to represent.
Hayli’s speech was convincing, and the bill eventually passed. Last July, the bill came into
law. Hayli’s Law officially went into effect on January I of this year. It allows kids under 16 in
Illinois to sell lemonade and other drinks without a permit. Hayli was back in business and sold
her lemonade again this summer. Hayli hopes her experience and the law that was passed in her
honor will encourage other young people not to let anyone stop their dreams.
17．What was the main cause of Hayli’s stand being shut down?
A．The newspaper report.
B．The stand’s illegality.C．The taste of lemonade.
D．The lemonade stand’s position.
18．What does the underlined word “jittery” in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A．Excited.
B．Confused.
C．Nervous.
D．Curious.
19．What did Hayli regard the meeting with the senators as?
A．A trial for her own wrongdoing.
B．A battle against all the unfair laws.
C．An occasion to show her outstanding ability.
D．A chance to appeal for the benefit of children.
20．What does Hayli wish young people to learn from her story?
A．Being brave to realize their dreams.
B．Being independent of their parents.
C．Establishing a business at a young age.
D．Attaching importance to higher education.
