状语从句（讲义）
目录
一 状语从句概念及分类
二 状语从句易错题分析
三 高考模拟试题
状语从句概念及分类
状语从句在句中相当于副词，做状语，又叫副词性从句。
状语从句分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、让步状语从
句、结果状语从句、方式状语从句和比较状语从句。
地点状语从句
地点状语从句通常由where, wherever引导。
例如：
Where I live there are plenty of trees.
在我住的地方有很多树。
Wherever I am I will be thinking of you.
不管我在哪里，我都会想到你。
方式状语从句
方式状语从句通常由as, as if, as though引导。
（1）as的用法
Will you please do the experiment as I am doing?
请按我的方法做这个实验好吗？
（2）as if, as though的用法，
①引导的方式状语从句所表示的情况是事实或具有很大的可能性时，通常用陈述语气，常与look/seem/
taste/smell/sound等词连用。
It looks as if it is going to rain.
看来要下雨。
②从句所表示的情况不是事实，而是主观的想象或夸大性的比喻，通常用虚拟语气。
The injured man acted as if nothing had happened to him.
这个受伤的男子行动起来似乎什么也没有发生似的。
说明：as if/as though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语。
例如：
He stared at me as if seeing me for first time.
他目不转睛地看着我，就像第一次看见我似的。
He cleared his throat as if to say something.
他清了清嗓子，像要说什么似的。学科，网
原因状语从句
because，as，since与for的不同用法：
相同之处：
中文都表示“因为”，均为连词。
区别：
（1）如果表示原因的状语从句语气较强，在整个句子中占重要位置，是句子的主要部分，一般用
“because”。即回答why问句的提问，应用because。
— Why did they come to China? 他们为什么要去中国？
— Because their father wanted to work in China. 因为他们的父母想到中国工作。
（2）如果原因不重要，或为人所知，一般用as或since。它所引导的从句常常放在句首。
As you ask, I will tell you.
你既然问我，我就告诉你。
（3）for引导的句子表示原因，语气较because弱，类似一种补充说明，一般不用它来回答why提出的问
题。它引导的从句不能放在句首，而且前面一般用逗号与主句分开。
We can’t go, for it’s raining.
由于天下雨，我们不能走了。
说明：
for是并列连词。
目的状语从句
表示目的状语从句可以由that, so that, in order that, lest, for fear that, in case等词引导。
例如：
You must speak louder so that/in order that you can be heard by all.
你必须大点声，别人就能听见了。
Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.
最好多穿点衣服，以防天冷。
结果状语从句结果状语从句常由so…that或such…that引导。so...that与such…that之间可以转换。
例如：
The boy is so young that he can’t go to school.
(= He is such a young boy that he can’t go to school.)
这男孩年龄太小，不能上学。
条件状语从句
连接词主要有if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that等。if引导的条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两
种。非真实条件句已在虚拟语气中阐述。
unless = if not.
例如：
Let’s go out for a walk unless you are too tired.
(= If you are not too tied, let’s go out for a walk.)
如果不太累，我们去散散步。
让步状语从句
（1）though, although引导的让步状语从句，后面的从句不能有but，但是though和yet可连用。
例如：
Although it’s raining, they are still working in the field.
虽然在下雨，但他们仍在地里干活。
（2）as, though引导的让步从句必须表语或状语提前（形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前）。
例如：
Child as though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.
虽然他是个孩子，但是他知道该做什么，不该做什么。 学；科网
（3）ever if, even though即使。
例如：
We’ll make a trip even though the weather is bad.
即使天气不好，我们也要去远足。
（4）whether…or… 不管……都。
例如：
Whether you believe it or not, it is true.
信不信由你，这确实是真的。
（5）“no matter +疑问词”或“疑问词+后缀ever”。
例如：No matter what happened, he would not mind. (= Whatever happened, he would not mind.)
不管发生什么，他不在意。
替换：
no matter what = whatever
no matter who = whoever
no matter when = whenever
no matter where = wherever
no matter which = whichever
no matter how = however
提醒：no matter 不能引导主语从句和宾语从句。
（错）No matter what you say is of no use now.
（对）Whatever you say is of no use now.
你现在说什么也没用了。
（错）Prisoners have to eat no matter what they’re given,
（对）Prisoners have to eat whatever they’re given.
囚犯们只能给什么吃什么。
比较while, when, as
（1）as, when引导短暂性动作的动词。
例如：
Just as/Just when/When I stopped my car, a man came up to me.
我一刹车，就有一个人向我走来。
（2）当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前，只能用when引导这个从句，不可用as或while。
例如：
When you have finished your work, you may have a rest.
赶完活后，你可以休息一下。
（3）从句表示“随时间推移”的连词能用as，不用when 或while。
例如：
As the day went on, the weather got worse.
日子一天天过去，天气越变越坏。
比较until和till此两个连词意义相同。肯定形式表示的意思是“做某事直至某时”，动词必须是延续性的。否定形式表达
的意思是“直至某时才做某事”。动词为延续性或非延续性都可以。正确使用这两个连词的关键之一就在
于判断句中的动词该用肯定式还是否定式。
肯定句：
I slept until midnight.
我一直睡到半夜时醒了。
Wait till I call you.
等着我叫你。
否定句：
She didn’t arrive until 6 o’clock.
她直到6点才到。
Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped.
公共汽车停稳后再下车。
区别：
（1）until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。
例如：
Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened.
直到你告诉我以前，出了什么事我一点也不知道。
（2）until when疑问句中，until要放在句首。
例如：
— Until when are you staying? 你待到什么时候？
— Until next Monday. 待到下周一。
注意：否定句可用另外两种句式表示。
（1）Not until…在句首，主句用倒装。
例如：
Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is.
直到19世纪初，人类才知道热为何物。
Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.
直到工作，才认识到我已蹉跎了几多岁月。
（2）It is not until… that…
例如：
It was not until I began to work that I realized how much time I had wasted.直到工作，才认识到我已蹉跎了几多岁月。
表示“一…就…”的结构
（1）as soon as, once, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute 引导的状语从句，常译作
“一……就……”
（2）hardly/scarcely…when/before, no sooner…than和as soon as也可以表示“一……就……”的意思。
在这些结构中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。
例如：
I had hardly/scarcely got home when it began to rain.
刚回家，就下起雨来了。
I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.
As soon as I got home, it began to rain.
状语从句易错题分析
误判并列句和状语从句
1. The GPNP is designed to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整
性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, preserving ecological buffer zones, ________
leaving behind precious natural assests (资产) for future generations”.
2. Guide dogs offer social, physical and mental benefits for some people who are blind， training them
is an expensive and long process.
状语从句的省略
1. Though ________(defeat) , he still felt sad.
2. When ________ (compare) different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the
many similarities.
状语从句类别判断失误
（改错) Whether you ride a bicycle, you don’t use petrol.
典例分析
1. Wang saw the lively scene ________ she was traveling in Aksu.
2. The power rationing in Jiangsu also forced factories in the key manufacturing(制造业） industry to cut or even
stop their operations________ the end of the month.
3．I always tell them when I’m going out clubbing ________ they know what I’m doing, they’re fine with it.
4．Do foreigners not understand British humor or are the British just not so funny ________ they think they are?5．Much ________ I like this book, I like others much better.
6．______ the truth, Franklin did make contributions to the study of electricity.
7．________ a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forest’s food chain.
8．He didn’t formally retire ______ last December. Then he flew to Italy to visit his daughter.
高考模拟试题
一、单项选择
1．（2024·天津河北·二模）Scientists have discovered that it is hundreds of years ______ plastic breaks down,
whereas for paper, the period is much shorter.
A．when B．before C．since D．after
2．（2024·天津·二模）You should bring your jacket with you __________ the weather takes a turn and becomes
cold later.
A．so that B．as if C．in case D．even if
3．（2024·天津·二模）With my father’s guidance and encouragement, I learned how to ride a bike ________ I
knew it.
A．when B．until C．as D．before
4．（2024·天津河北·一模）Please ensure you have a backup of all your documents ________ the system
upgrade encounters unexpected issues.
A．even if B．as if C．ever since D．in case
5．（23-24·天津和平·三模）______the council has provided places for us to take our empty bottles for
recycling, many of us still throw glass bottles into the ordinary dustbins.
A．However B．Even though C．On account of D．Despite
6．（2024·山东·一模）—She is highly skilled at dealing with difficulties.
—__________ she’s had special training, see?
A．Because B．Because of C．As if D．As long as
7．（2024·天津·三模）_______ you form the habit of taking regular exercise and stick to it, you will be much
healthier.
A．As long as B．In case C．As if D．Even if
8．（2024·广东广州·二模）______hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount
you eat.
A．Whatever B．Whichever C．However D．Whenever9．（2024·上海·二模）________ in the past, at the moment it is a favorite choice for wedding gown.
A．Unpopular as has white been B．As unpopular white has been
C．As white has been unpopular D．Unpopular as white has been
10．（2024·天津和平·二模）You can learn enough first aid knowledge in a few minutes—________ it’s from
reading a book, attending a course or watching videos online.
A．when B．as C．whether D．once
11．（2024·重庆一模）________ my head had cleared, my brain was beginning to function much better.
A．Now that B．Although C．Due to D．Despite
12．（2024·湖南·三模）_____ the Internet is of great help. I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time
on it.
A．If B．While C．Because D．As
13．（2024·北京石景山·一模）She was such a proud person that she would die she would admit she was
wrong.
A．since B．when
C．unless D．before
14．（2024浙江·三模） online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive.
A．Since B．After
C．While D．Unless
15．（2024高三·天津·三模）______ more and more people may turn to the Internet for the latest news, it is
unlikely that the newspaper will disappear．
A．When B．Because C．Since D．While
二、翻译
16．（2024·上海普陀·二模）人们常常抱怨飞机餐难吃，主要是因为在飞机上人们的味觉和嗅觉都会暂时
失灵。(complain) （汉译英）
17．（2024·上海长宁·二模）比赛结束时，观众席上掌声雷动。(burst)
18．（2024·上海长宁·二模）由于路面结冰，部分高速公路临时封闭，致使许多乘客困在路上，出门前最
好留意天气预报。（trap）19．（2024·上海浦东新·二模）由于大量接触到当地人的语言，约翰不知不觉就学会了当地口音。(before)
20．（2024·上海浦东新·二模）当我们在互联网上发布信息时，必须考虑潜在的后果，因为某些细节可能
会被媒体误解或夸大。(likely) (汉译英)
21．（23-24高三·上海·一模）自从他的小说在网络上走红之后，他便经历了一场“破天的富贵”，成为了
文坛的新星。(since)
22．（2024·上海徐汇·一模）离职，不管是什么工作，是一个艰难的改变，即使对于那些期待退休的人来
说也是如此。(no matter)
23．（23-24上海宝山·三模）在填写高考志愿时，如果你的意见和父母的意见相左时，你会怎样妥善处理？
（agree）
24．（2024·上海杨浦·一模）他的古画修复水平如此之高，使得那幅尘封已久的画作重现光彩。（such）
25．（2024·上海徐汇·一模）只要这项研究的结果能够应用于新技术的开发，我们的努力就会得到回报。
(so long as)
