高三英语二轮复习提分培优赋能（天津专用）
专题09 情态动词和虚拟语气用法（技能+真题+模拟）原卷版
一、单项填空满分技能10 项（情态动词和虚拟语气）
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二、单项填空真题再练20 题（情态动词和虚拟语气）
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三、单项填空名校模拟50 题（情态动词和虚拟语气）
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一、单项填空满分技能（情态动词和虚拟语气）
考点清单一、情态动词can 和could 用法归纳
用法
示例
1.表示“能力”时，can 表示现在的能力，
could 表示过去的能力。
Susan isn't very good at maths, but she can speak English
very well.
We could go there this summer.
2.表示“推测”时，can 常用于否定句中，
can't 表示“不可能”。could 表“推测”
时，比can 的可能性要小。
Mr. Black can't be at home—he has gone to America.
Even experienced teachers can make mistakes.
3.表示“请求”或“许可”时，通常用于疑
问句中；could 表“请求”时比can 更委
婉。
Could/Can you pick me up at the airport?
4.could have done 表示“本可以做某事”；
couldn’t have done 表示“不可能做了某
事”。
You could have helped him.
She can't have finished the work.
5.be able to do 表示“能够做某事”，不能与
can 连用，但有更多时态。
I'm sure you will be able to look after yourself.
I haven't been able to sleep very well recently.
考点清单二、情态动词may 和might 用法归纳
用法
示例
1.may 和might 可用于肯定句中表“许可”,
用在疑问句中表示“请求”。
She said I might call her at the weekend.
May I borrow the car tomorrow?
2. might 表“推测”时，可能性比may 的可
能性小。
He may/might know the answer.
He may/might not believe you.
3. may/might well do sth 很可能, may/might
as well do sth.不妨。
Her appearance has changed so much that you may
well not recognize her.
You might as well give him the letter.
4.“May you+动词原形”表示祝愿。
May you succeed!
May all your dreams come true!
5.may/might have done 表示“可能已经做了
某事”，但是把握不大。
She may have read it in the papers.
It was really very dangerous. I might have killed
myself.
考点清单三、情态动词must 和have to 用法归纳
用法
示例
1.must 表示“必须”,强调说话人的主观态
度，否定式为mustn't,意为“不允许，禁
止。
Everyone must obey the rule.
You must keep it a secret. You mustn't tell anyone.
2.must 表示“推测”,意为“一定是",只用于
肯定句中。must be doing 肯定正在做某
事。
He must be very lazy for his desk is very untidy.
Put on more clothes. You must be feeling cold with only a
shirt on.
3.must 表示“偏要”,指说话人对发生的事情
表示不满。
Why must it rain today?
4.have to 表示客观需要，意为“不得不”,否
定式为don’t have to,等于needn't。
You can't turn right here. You have to turn left.
You have to stay for supper.
考点清单四、情态动词will 和would 用法归纳
用法
示例
1.will 表示“请求”,常用于第二人称疑问句
中，would 比will 语气更委婉。
Will you join our discussion?
Would you open the window, please?
2.will 表示主观愿望、意志或决心，would
用于过去的习惯性动作，意为“过去常常做
某事”。
Go where you will.
She asked if I would go with them.
On summer evenings they would sit out in the garden.
3. will 和would 用于第二人称的疑问句中，
would 表示委婉语气。
Won’t you take off your coat?
Would you please post the 1etter for me?
4.would 用于否定句可以表示顽固倾向，意
为“老是不”“总是不”。
My car wouldn't start this morning.
The door wouldn’t open, no matter how hard she pushed.
5.would have done 表示与过去事实相反的假
设。
But for your help we would have been late.
If she had seen you yesterday, she would have asked you
about it.
考点清单五、情态动词shall, should 和ought to 用法归纳
用法
示例
1.shall 用在第一三人称疑问句中时，表示征
求对方意见。
Shall Tom go there with me tomorrow?
2.shall 用在第二、三人称陈述句中时，表示
说话人的允诺、命令、告诫等。
You shall get an answer from me tomorrow.
3.should/ought to 表示责任，义务，意为
“应该”,否定式为should not/ ought not to。
You shouldn’t be so careless.
Humans ought to stop polluting nature.
Ought I to hand in my composition now?
4.should 表示“推测”,意为“按道理说应
该”。
It should be Mike who has taken away all the materials.
5. should 可以表示说话人的惊奇、愤怒、失
望等，多用于It is necessary that…句型。
It’s surprising that Mary should love such a person as Jack.
6.should have done 表示“本应该做某事而没
有做”，否定式表示“本不该做但已经做
了”。
It was an easy test and he should have passed, but he didn’t.
You should have told her the truth.
7.suggest, order, require that…从句常用“should
do”, should 可省。
I suggest that we (should) have lunch right now.
考点清单六、情态动词need 和dare 用法归纳
用法
示例
1.need 用作情态动词，多用于否定句、疑问
句，后接动词原形。
Need I hand in my homework now？
I needn’t go this week.
2.needn’t have done 表示“本没必要做某事但
实际上做了”。
I needn’t have borrowed the money yesterday.
3. need 用作实意动词，接名词、代词、不定式
作宾语。need doing=need to be done 表示需要
做。
My shirt needs a button.
My car needs repairing=My care needs to be repaired.
4.dare 用作情态动词，多用于否定句、疑问
句，只有dare 和dared 两种形式。
He dare not drive too fast on the rainy day.
I wonder how he dare say such things.
5.dare 用作实意动词，接名不定式作宾语。
He dared me to jump over the stream.
Did anyone dare to admit it?
6. I dare say...我想,大概,可能,或许…….
I dare say things will improve.
考点清单七、情态动词+have done 用法对比
用法
示例
1.can’t have done 表示“不可能做了某事”。
The money can’t have been lost there.
Where can he have gone?
2.could have done 本可以做某事。否定式表示“不可
能做了某事”。
You could have been more considerate.
She couldn’t have left so soon.
3.may/might have done 表示对过去的推测，意思是“也
许已经┅，可能已经…”。用于肯定或否定句中。
He may have gone to bed.
She might not have settled the problem.
4. must have done 表示对过去推测，意思是“一定已
经，想必已经，准是已经….”，只用于肯定句中。
The streets are wet. It must have rained.
He must have been drinking beer.
5.should/ought to have done 表示“本应该做而没有
做”。
She should/ought to have gone there alone.
6.shouldn’t have done 表示在“ 本不该做但已经做
了”。
The boy shouldn’t have been playing the piano.
7.needn’t have done 表示“作了不必做或不需要做
事”。
You needn't have come so early.
考点清单八、if 虚拟条件句六大典型用法
场合
从句谓语
主句谓语
示例
与现在事实相反
动词过去式
(be 用were)
would+动词原形
If I had time, I would go for a walk.
If I were invited, I would go to the
dinner.
与过去事实相反
had +动词过去分词
would have done
If she had seen you yesterday, she would
have asked you about it.
与将来事实相反
1.动词过去式(be 用were)
2.were to + 动词原形
3.should + 动词原形
would+动词原形
If it rained/were to rain/should rain
tomorrow, we would not go climbing.
错综条件句
主句和从句与不同时间相反，则根据主从句
位置和事实区别对待对号入座。
If I were you, I wouldn't have missed
the concert last night.
If 虚拟句省略
if 条件句若省略if，则把were/ should/ had 提前
到句首构成部分倒装句。
Should it rain tomorrow, I would have
to put off the visit to the museum.
含蓄条件句
即句子含有without, but for, otherwise 等词，后
面按主句对待。
But for your advice, I would have
failed.
考点清单九、从句谓语用“(should)+动词原形”三大典型场合
用法
标志词
示例
一二三四类动词（接从句
谓语用should+ 动词原
形，且should 可以省略）
一坚持insist 二命令order,
command
三建议
advise,
suggest, recommend 四要求
demand,
desire,
require,
request
It is suggested that the meeting should be put
off till next week.
The doctor required that the patient (should)
be sent to hospital without delay.
一二三四类动词派生来的
名词后接从句，该从句谓
语动词用should+动词原
形，且should 可以省略。
order,
command,
advice,
suggestion, requirement
We agreed to the order that the task (should)
be completed at 5 o'clock.
Our only request is that this (should) be settled
as soon as possible.
It is strange that..从句谓语
用should+动词原形，且
should 可以省略。若从句
涉及已经发生的动作，则
应用should have done。
necessary, strange, impossible
It is strange that he should have acted toward
his parents like that.
It's vital that we (should) take our safety driving
along the road seriously.
考点清单十、特殊句型中虚拟语气四大用法
用法
用法
示例
I wish that…
I wish that…从句与过去、现在、将来
事实相反，分别用had done, did,
would/could do。
I wish that I were ten years younger.
I wish that I had met that film star yesterday.
If only…
If only…表示“如果……该多好”，
He looks as if he were an artist.
as if/though 表示“好像”， 从句与过
去、现在、将来事实相反，分别用
had done, did, would/could do。
She looks as if nothing had happened to her.
If only I had seen the film with Jane last night.
I would rather
that…
I would rather that…从句与过去事实相
反用过去完成时，与现在、将来相反
用一般过去时。
I'd rather that he had gone to the seaside with me
the day before yesterday.
When my father is upset, he would rather that we
left him alone.
It is high/ about
time that..
It is high/about time that..后面常用did
或should do, should 不能省，意为“早
该……”。
It is high time that you went to school.
It is about time that we should set out at once.
二、单项填空真题再练（情态动词和虚拟语气）
真题专区：练真题
, 明方向
; 练技巧
, 提能力
; 练速度
, 提分数
!
1.（2025 天津卷）No reader remove a book from the library without permission.
A. would
B. might
C. shall D. need
2.（2023 天津卷）We _________bother with details, for our teammates will do everything in their power to help
us.
A. mustn’t
B. daren’t
C. needn’t
D. can’t
3.（2021 天津卷）---I honestly don't think I'm going to be admitted.
---Well, you never know! You________ a better impression than you think.
A. may have made
B. should have made
C. couldn't have made
D. needn't have made
4.（2021 天津卷）It used to be that you ___drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now there are
houses and people everywhere.
A. need
B. should
C. could
D. must
5.（2017 全国卷）Whale breathe through lungs just as we humans do，so they_______come up for air.
A. may
B. can
C. might
D. must
6.（2020 全国卷）If I hadn’t been faced with so many barriers, I _____where I am.
A. won’t be
B. wouldn’t have been
C. wouldn’t be
D. shouldn’t have been
7.（2020 天津卷）Jim says we ______ stay in his house as long as we leave it clean and tidy .
A. must
B. can
C. need
D. should
8.（2020 天津卷）You ____________ have scolded him for his poor performance. After all, he had done his
best.
A. must
B. should
C. mustn’t
D. shouldn't
9.（2018 天津卷）—What’s wrong with the door?
—The key has got stuck in it and ______ come out.
A. shouldn’t
B. mustn’t
C. needn’t
D. won’t
10.（2019 天津卷）The professor warned the students that on no account ________ use mobile phones in his
class.
A. should they
B. they should
C. dare they
D. they dare
11.（2019 天津卷）Paul did a great job in the speech contest. He many times last week.
A. need have practised
B. might practise
C. must have practised
D. could practise
12.（2017 天津卷）Ten days are devoted to this training program and ________ it be unsuccessful, it could be
repeated later.
A. should
B. could
C. might
D. would
13.（2017 全国卷）My brother lent me the money,_______I couldn't have afforded the trip.
A. Furthermore
B. Otherwise
C. Moreover
D. Nevertheless
14.（2019 全国卷）What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we ________ a good time together.
A. had
B. will have
C. would have had
D. had had
15.（2019 天津卷）The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ________ the task in half the time.
A. accomplished
B. had accomplished
C. would accomplish
D. would have accomplished
16.（2019 天津卷）Mary’s description of the party was so vivid that I felt as if I there.
A. would be
B. might have been
C. would have been
D. had been
17.（2018 天津卷）Jane wishes that she ______ foreign trade instead of literature when she was in college.
A. studied
B. had studied
C. would study
D. might have studied
18.（2018 天津卷）If we ___________the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach
A. had caught
B. caught
C. have caught
D. would catch
19.（2017 全国卷）_______ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.
A. It were
B. Were it
C. It was
D. Was it
20.（2017 天津卷）—Do you have Betty’s phone number?
—Yes. Otherwise, I ______able to reach her yesterday.
A. hadn’t been
B. wouldn’t have been
C. weren’t
D. wouldn’t be
三、单项填空名校模（情态动词和虚拟语气）
模拟专区：做好题才有好成绩
! 练技能
, 补漏洞
, 提分数
, 强信心
!
1．（25-26 高三上·天津武清·月考）It used to be that you ________ buy a cup of coffee for just ten yuan in this
street, but now even a basic cup costs thirty yuan.
A．need
B．should
C．could
D．must
2．（25-26 高三上·天津和平·月考）The current canteen is no longer adequate for students, and a new facility
________ have been constructed years ago.
A．may
B．would
C．should
D．must
3．（25-26 高三上·天津·期中）According to the weather forecast, it ________ be quite cold in the mountains at
night, so pack some warm clothes.
A．shall
B．should
C．can
D．would
4．（25-26 高三上·天津·月考）This document _________ date from the 17th century; its paper composition
matches the 19th-century techniques.
A．mustn’t
B．can’t
C．needn’t
D．daren’t
5．（25-26 高三上·天津·月考）Joe ________ have broken the classroom window. He wasn’t in school today.
A．couldn’t
B．mustn’t
C．shouldn’t
D．needn’t
6．（25-26 高三上·天津河北·月考）Based on the remarkable achievements at the 2024 Paris Olympics, the
Chinese delegation ________ have invested heavily in athlete development and scientific training.
A．must
B．might
C．need
D．should
7．（25-26 高三上·天津南开·月考）He _________ often spend hours in the library, poring over ancient
manuscripts that no one else seemed to remember.
A．might
B．could
C．should
D．would
8．（25-26 高二下·天津·期末）Without our class’s great efforts, the speech contest last week _______ such a
great success.
A．wouldn’t be
B．wouldn’t have been
C．must have been
D．could have been
9．（25-26 高二上·天津西青·期中）Chen He offered a suggestion that the blue team ______ up the game.
A．give
B．gave
C．gives
D．giving
10．（25-26 高三上·天津·月考）Seeing her peers struggling for success and independence, Zhang yue offered
her suggestion that they ________ seek guidance from expert consultants.
A．must
B．should
C．can
D．shall
11.（2025·天津·二模）—I didn’t see her yesterday.
—Of course, you _________ , because she had gone on a trip.
A. couldn’t
B. may not have
C. can’t have
D. mustn’t have
12.（2025·天津·三模）He ______ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the
seaside.
A. should
B. would
C. could
D. must
13.（2025·天津·模拟预测）— Penny’s baby daughter narrowly escaped drinking the furniture polish on the coffee
table.
— Luckily for her. She ______ sick or even died.
A. could have got
B. should have got
C. must have got
D. will have got
14.（2025·天津·二模）In my childhood, on New Year’s Eve, all of our family members ________ be together,
sitting around the table and enjoying the food.
A. shall
B. would
C. must
D. might
15.（2025·天津河西·三模）— How about the meals during your exchange visit?
— Well, it ________ worse.
A. couldn't have been
B. shouldn't have been
C. mustn't have been
D. needn't have been
16.（2025·天津和平·三模）I wonder why you ______ turn to Tom for help all the time when you can complete
your tasks by yourself.
A. should
B. could
C. may
D. would
17.（2025·天津滨海新·三模）In my childhood, every year during the Lantern Festival, my grandparents ______
solve lantern riddles with me.
A. could
B. should
C. might
D. would
18.（24-25 高三下·天津·阶段练习）—You ______ have finished the report already; it’s only been an hour.
—Believe it or not, I made it.
A. mustn’t
B. can’t
C. shouldn’t
D. needn’t
19.（24-25 高三下·天津武清·阶段练习）When I was a little boy, on the eve of Spring Festival, all the family
members ________ sit around the table, enjoying the food and being together again.
A. should
B. could
C. would
D. might
20.（2025·天津河北·二模）When drafting essays, you ______ pay too much attention to logical flow — unclear
connections confuse readers.
A. mustn’t
B. needn’t
C. can’t
D. shouldn’t
21.（2025·天津和平·三模）He suggested that the problems ______ attached special attention to.
A. referred to be
B. refer to being
C. referred to being
D. referring to be
22.（24-25 高三下·天津·阶段练习）— How much of the foreign expert’s speech have you understood?
— Next to nothing. How I wish I ______ harder at English.
A. have worked
B. had worked
C. would work
D. would have worked
23.（2025 高二上·全国·专题练习）In this country, it is required that anyone who wants to settle here ______ pass
this kind of test.
A. has to
B. had to
C. have to
D. will have to
24.（19-20 高三上·天津静海·阶段练习）Mary often shares her deepest thoughts and fears with friends through
WeChat, as if they chatting in her living room.
A. were
B. are
C. had been
D. has been
25.（2019·天津和平·二模）If Tom ______ one more votes, he could be the monitor of our class now.
A. received
B. had received
C. should receive
D. would receive
26. （2019·天津·一模）--Sorry for having kept you waiting. But for the traffic jam，I________________ 20
minutes earlier —Never mind，I haven't been waiting that long.
A. arrived
B. would have arrived
C. would arrive
D. had arrived
27.（2019·天津红桥·二模）----What happened to the young trees we planted last week？
---The trees_____________ well，but I didn't water them.
A. might grow
B. needn't have grown
C. would grow
D. would have grown
28.（2019·天津南开·二模）Mr. Smith was having a meeting at that time, otherwise he ______________ over to
help us.
A. might have come
B. would come
C. had come
D. were to come
29.（2019·天津河北·二模）Oh! The flower can’t be saved. If the flower had been watered，it now.
A. wouldn’t be dying
B. is dead
C. had been dead
D. will not die
30.（20-21 高二上·山西阳泉·期末）Tom had his hands full yesterday, otherwise he ______ your graduation
ceremony.
A. will attend
B. had been attended
C. would attend
D. would have attended
31.（2019·天津河西·二模）I’m sorry to say I failed to meet the deadline. With better equipment, I ________ the
task on schedule.
A. would accomplish
B. could accomplish
C. must have accomplished
D. might have accomplished
32.（22-23 高三上·天津武清·期中）It’s a pity that such a talent as Jerry ______ leave his favourite work in that
company.
A. need
B. could
C. should
D. may
33.（2019·天津红桥·二模）—Shall the bike be repaired by him today?
—No, I’d rather he ______ it repaired tomorrow.
A. had
B. has
C. have
D. would have
34.（2019·天津和平·一模）The suggestion came from the chairman ______ the new rule ______.
A. what; was developed
B. that; was developed
C. what; be developed
D. that; be developed
35.（2019·天津河东·二模）—This is the first time I ________ my picture with my own hands.
—It is time that you ________ a picture for me.
A. have taken; took
B. took; should take
C. took; will take
D. will take; have taken
36.（2020 高三·全国·专题练习）It is recommended by the representatives that traditional cultures ______.
A. should preserve
B. have been preserved
C. be preserved
D. must be preserved
37.（24-25 高三上·甘肃兰州·开学考试）We desire that our school ______ more activities like this, which can
not only relieve our great study pressure but also broaden our horizons.
A. organised
B. organises
C. organise
D. is organising
38. （23-24 高二上·天津·阶段练习）I expected to feel instantly different, as if I ________ the door on my
childhood and stepped into a whole new adult world.
A. closed
B. had closed
C. close
D. have closed
39.（23-24 高二上·天津宁河·期末）Childhood memories came back to me so clearly, ________ the event had
happened only yesterday.
A. even if
B. only if
C. now that
D. as if
40.（23-24 高二上·天津·期末）I was ill that day, otherwise I ________the sports meet.
A. must take part in
B. must have taken part in
C. would take part in
D. would have taken part in
41.（25-26 高三上·天津·阶段练习）According to a newly released regulation on online video services, no one
________ generate, release or spread fake news or information by using such technologies.
A. can
B. shall
C. need
D. would
42.（25-26 高三上·天津北辰·阶段练习）—Can I pay the bill by Alipay?
—Sorry, sir. But it is the management rules of our hotel that payment ________ be made by credit card.
A. must
B. need
C. will
D. shall
43.（25-26 高三上·天津红桥·阶段练习）—Someone is knocking at the door. Is it William?
—It________be William. He has gone to France for his holiday.
A. mustn’t
B. needn’t
C. can’t
D. shouldn’t
44.（25-26 高三上·天津·阶段练习）— That woman has been taking care of the two white tigers for 8 years.
— Oh, dear! She _________a lot of difficulties!
A. could go through
B. might go through
C. should have gone through
D. must have gone through
45.（25-26 高三上·天津津南·阶段练习）I was really anxious about you. You ________ have left home without
a word.
A. must
B. shouldn’t
C. mustn’t
D. should
46. （25-26 高三上· 天津南开· 开学考试）According to the traffic regulations, all the vehicles on the
streets________ come to a full stop on seeing the red lights and put way to those walking by.
A. will
B. shall
C. can
D. may
47.（25-26 高三上·天津武清·开学考试）The cake ________ have been carefully baked for hours based on its
delicious taste.
A. must
B. would
C. need
D. should
48.（2025·天津武清·模拟预测）—I performed in the closing ceremony of English Festival held in our school
yesterday.
—Really? It ________ the highlight of your senior high.
A. must be
B. must have been
C. should be
D. should have been
49.（24-25 高二下·天津和平·期末）— My computer ________ start, no matter how hard I try.
— It might have crashed. You need to have it examined.
A. won’t
B. mustn’t
C. can’t
D. needn’t
50.（2025·天津·模拟预测）The athletes competed so flawlessly in the gymnastics final. They ______ intensively
for months before the event.
A. must have practicedB. should practice
C. might practice
D. could have practiced
