专题53 语法填空二轮上海专辑 解析版
珊瑚细胞+表情符号+9.3 阅兵+家用智能机器人+家具银行+智能足球
【01】 （25-26 高三上·上海·月考）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the
passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper
form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Why AI has not taken your job
Almost every week the world takes another step in the direction of artificial general intelligence. In cities
such as London and San Francisco, “How long do you reckon you have left in your job?” is a common topic of
conversation. But is ChatGPT actually putting anyone out of work?
Lots of experts claim that it is. Many point to a recent paper by Carl Benedikt Frey and Pedro Llanos-
Paredes, both of the University of Oxford, 1 suggests a link between automation and declining demand
for translators. At the same time, however, official American data suggest that the number of people employed in
interpretation, translation and the like 2 (be) 7% higher than a year ago. 3 point to Klarna, a
tech firm, which had boasted about using the tech to automate customer service. But the company is now
undertaking an about-turn. “There will always be a human if you want,” its boss, has recently said.
Others still search through economic data to find signs that AI 4 cause many people to lose their
jobs in the future. One popular measure is the ratio of the unemployment rate between recent college graduates and
the overall American average. Young graduates are now 5 (likely) than the average worker to be jobless.
The explanation runs that they typically do entry-level jobs in knowledge-intensive industries- 6 making
slides in a management consultancy. It is exactly this sort of task that AI can do well. So maybe the technology has
eliminated these jobs?
Well, no. The data simply do not line up 7 any possible mechanism. Young graduates’ “relative
unemployment” started to rise in 2009, long before generative AI came along. And their actual unemployment rate,
at around 6%, remains low. We examine American data on employment by occupation, singling out workers that
are believed to be vulnerable to AI, including people in back-office support, financial operations and much more
besides. There is a similar pattern here: we find no evidence of an AI hit.
There are two 8 (compete) explanations for these trends. The first is that, 9 the endless
announcements about how firms are integrating AI into their operations, few make much use of the technology for
serious work. An official measure suggests that less than 10% of American companies employ it to produce goods
and services. The second is that even when companies do adopt the tech, they do not let people go. AI may simply
help workers do their jobs faster. 10 the explanation, for now there is no need to panic.
【答案】
1．which 2．is 3．Others 4．may/might 5．more likely 6．such as 7．with
8．competing 9．despite 10．Whatever
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文探讨AI 是否会取代人类工作，指出虽有专家认为自动化冲击就业，但数
据未显示AI 导致失业，原因是企业应用有限或仅用其提升效率，目前无需恐慌。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：许多人提到了由牛津大学的卡尔·贝内迪克特·弗雷和佩德罗·利纳索斯-帕雷德
斯共同撰写的一篇近期论文，该论文指出自动化技术与翻译需求下降之间存在关联。非限制性定语从句修
饰先行词paper，在从句作主语，指物，故填which。
2．考查主谓一致。句意：然而，与此同时，美国官方的数据表明，从事口译、笔译等相关工作的人员数
量比一年前增加了7%。根据上文suggest 可知为一般现在时，主语为the number，谓语用单数。故填is。
3．考查代词。句意：还有人提到了一家名为“克拉纳”的科技公司，该公司曾宣称利用相关技术实现了
客户服务的自动化。作主语，表示“其他人”用others，首字母大写。故填Others。
4．考查情态动词。句意：还有一些人则通过研究经济数据来寻找迹象，以表明人工智能在未来可能会导
致许多人失业。后跟动词原形，表示可能性用情态动词may 或might。故填may/might。
5．考查比较级。句意：如今，年轻的毕业生失业的概率比普通劳动者还要高。根据后文than 可知为比较
级，likely 前面加more。故填more likely。
6．考查固定短语。句意：其解释是，他们通常会在知识密集型行业从事初级工作，比如在管理咨询公司
里制作演示文稿。后文举例说明，表示“比如”短语为such as。故填such as。
7．考查介词。句意：这些数据与任何可能的机制都不相符。短语line up with 表示“与……一致”。故填
with。
8．考查形容词。句意：对于这些趋势，有两种相互矛盾的解释。修饰名词explanations，作定语用形容词
competing。故填competing。
9．考查介词。句意：首先，尽管有关企业如何将人工智能融入其运营过程的宣传铺天盖地，但很少有企
业会将这项技术用于重要的工作。后面接名词短语，表示让步关系，用介词despite。故填despite。
10．考查状语从句。句意：不管是什么原因，目前还不必惊慌。引导让步状语从句，从句省略be 动词，表
示“无论什么”用whatever，首字母大写。故填Whatever。
【02】（25-26 高三上·上海杨浦·月考）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make
the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper
form of the given word; for the other blanks, used one word that best fits each blank.
Coral Cultures
Studying corals usually requires either observing them alive in the ocean or examining their dead tissue in a
laboratory. But new research offers a way to keep all coral cell types alive in a lab cultures for two weeks or 1
(long), opening novel experimental possibilities.
The cells of cnidarians (a group that includes corals and sea anemones) are notoriously difficult 2
(culture). These cells 3 (easily damage) during extraction, and corals also have complex microbiomes
(微生物群) that are tricky to wipe out with antibiotics. But 4 left alive, the microbes often take over cell
cultures.
Many cnidarians are both endangered and critical for marine ecosystem health. “We need to do more than
just document 5 death,” says University of Miami marine biologist Nikki Traylor-Knowles, who is senior
author on a new study in Scientific Reports. In it, her team details how to reduce a coral to its constituent cells and
then grow them all together — like 6 (cultivate) the animal on a plate.
The researchers made slight changes to a standard growth medium (made of seawater, chemicals and
antibiotics) to reach optimal formulas for two different cnidarian species. These formulas let all the 7
(test) species’ cell types grow at once, without microbes or extraneous (无关的) tissues. The new methodology will
bring unparalleled visibility into how cell types interact, Traylor-Knowles says, and it will allow for higher-volume
experiments without raising or killing whole animals.
Scientists do not yet understand all cnidarian cell types, 8 their functions. These cultures could
show how different cells respond to stressors, 9 types are most vulnerable to health failures, and possibly
where cnidarians get their impressive regenerative abilities.
The study is groundbreaking, says molecular biologist Juris Grasis of the University of California, Merced,
who was not involved with the paper but also studies cnidarians. He says he was “jealous as hell” when he saw the
result. Some cell populations survived for as long as 30 days, he notes, 10 implies the possibility of
scaling up cell reproduction for future research. Next up, Grasis says: “How do we translate this back into the field
and make corals healthy again?”
【答案】
1．longer 2．to culture 3．are easily damaged 4．if 5．their 6．cultivating 7．
tested 8．nor 9．which 10．which
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了一项突破性的科学研究，该研究成功地在实验室中培养出了所有类型的
珊瑚细胞，为海洋生物学研究开辟了新的可能性。
1．考查形容词比较级。句意：但新的研究提供了一种方法，可以在实验室培养中让所有珊瑚细胞类型存
活两周或更长时间，从而开启新的实验可能性。根据“keep all coral cell types alive”及“two weeks or”可
知，此处表示“更长的时间”，应用形容词比较级longer。故填longer。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：众所周知，刺胞动物(包括珊瑚和海葵的一类生物)的细胞难以培养。be
difficult to do sth.是固定结构，意为“做某事有困难”，此处用动词不定式的主动形式to culture 表达被动
含义。故填to culture。
3．考查动词时态语态。句意：这些细胞在提取过程中很容易受损，而且珊瑚还有复杂的微生物群，用抗
生素很难清除。根据“are”及“have”可知，此处描述客观事实，cells 与damage 是动宾关系，主语cells 是
复数，应用一般现在时的被动语态are easily damaged。故填are easily damaged。
4．考查连词。句意：但如果让它们存活下来，微生物往往会接管细胞培养。根据“left alive”及“take
over cell cultures”可知，此处表条件，应用连词if，引导状语从句，且从句省略主语和be 动词，完整形式
为“if they are left alive”。故填if。
5．考查代词。句意：迈阿密大学的海洋生物学家Nikki Traylor-Knowles 说：“我们需要做的不仅仅是记
录它们的死亡。”此处指代前文提到的Many cnidarians，修饰名词death，应用形容词性物主代词their。
故填their。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：在这项研究中，她的团队详细介绍了如何将珊瑚分解成其组成细胞，然后将
它们全部培养在一起，就像在培养皿中培养动物一样。根据空前介词like 可知，应用动名词cultivating，
作宾语。故填cultivating。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些配方让所有被测试物种的细胞类型同时生长，没有微生物或无关组织。
species 与test 是动宾关系，此空应是过去分词tested 作定语，表示“被测试的”。故填tested。
8．考查连词。句意：科学家们还不了解所有的刺胞动物细胞类型，也不了解它们的功能。空处表示“也
不”，应用连词nor。故填nor。
9．考查宾语从句。句意：这些培养物可以显示不同的细胞如何对应激源做出反应，哪些类型最容易受到
健康问题的影响，以及刺胞动物可能从哪里获得其令人惊叹的再生能力。此处引导宾语从句，且空处在从
句中作定语修饰名词types，表示“哪些”，上文限定了范围“all cnidarian cell types”，应用which。故填
which。
10．考查定语从句。句意：他指出，一些细胞群存活了长达30 天，这意味着有可能为未来的研究扩大细胞
繁殖。此处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子的内容，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词
which。故填which。
【03】（25-26 高三上·上海·开学考试）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make
the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper
form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The Internet is changing the way we communicate. LOL, awks, amazeballs, BRB, the use of emoji and
emoticon — and even writing facial expressions such as ‘sad face’ — have all become standard in digital
communications. So ingrained, in fact, 1 they're changing the way we write and even talk.
There’s no doubt that the consumption of abbreviated digital content is having a huge effect on language.
“Over the last five years attention spans have shortened considerably, which is reflected in the 2
(contract) forms of language we see in social media,” says Robin Kermode.
However, some think that the internet has made us better communicators since we increasingly use much
3 (streamlined) language. “ 4 (get) a message across using Twitter for example, it must be concise
and must conform to the tone used there, which includes abbreviations, acronyms.”
The fastest growing ‘new language’ in the world is emoticons (faces) and emojis (images of objects, which
hail from Japan), which are one of the biggest changes caused by digital communications. “Facial expressions,
visual presence and body language have always been vital to being a confident speaker, 5 now emojis are
blurring the lines between verbal and written communication,” thinks Kermode, who adds that cavemen had early
versions of emojis on the sides of their caves. “Pictures, cartoons or emojis are ‘shortcuts’ so we can be clear about
6 our message really means.”
Emoticons and emojis are arguably more meaningful than slang and shorthand, which 7 be too
easily misunderstood. “I once witnessed a girl being dumped in a text, which 8 (consist) of a message
with just five letters, U R MY X' — linguistically economic, but emotionally harsh,” says Kermode. Trouble is, the
sender had actually meant YOU ARE MINE. X’ “If he’d added three emojis — like a smiley face, a heart and a
wedding ring, he might now be happily married!”
The same goes 9 a statement such as “I NEED TO SPEAK TO YOU RIGHT NOW”, which needs
a qualifying emoticon or emoji to give it meaning. “It could signal an angry meeting or a passionate meeting but
add a coffee cup, a big smiley face or an angry face and it becomes clear what’s really going on,” says Kermode.
They may be derided by traditionalists, but emoticons and emojis used to describe mood are the body
language add-on 10 the written word has always lacked. In most instances, these icons represent
language evolution and progress, not regression.
【答案】
1．that 2．contracted 3．more streamlined 4．To get 5．but 6．what 7．can
8．consisted 9．for 10．that/which
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了互联网正改变人们的交流方式，网络缩写、表情符号等成为数字
沟通的标准形式，分析了其对语言表达、人们沟通能力的影响，指出表情符号弥补了书面文字缺乏肢体语
言的缺陷，是语言的进化而非倒退。
1．考查连词。句意：事实上，这些表达方式已经根深蒂固，以至于正在改变我们的书写甚至说话方式。
so...that...为固定句型，意为“如此……以至于……”，so 置于句首时句子会倒装，此处正常语序为they're
so ingrained that they're changing the way we write and even talk，故填that。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：过去五年里，人们的注意力持续时间大幅缩短，这一点体现在我们在社交媒
体上看到的简洁化的语言形式中。此处修饰名词forms，应用非谓语动词作定语，contract 与forms 之间为
被动关系，意为“被简化的语言形式”，应用过去分词形式contracted。故填contracted。
3．考查形容词比较级。句意：然而，一些人认为互联网让我们成为了更好的沟通者，因为我们越来越多
地使用更加简洁的语言。much 用来修饰形容词比较级，streamlined 的比较级为more streamlined，意为
“更简洁的；更精简的”。故填more streamlined。
4．考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，要通过推特传达一条信息，这条信息必须简洁，且必须符合推特上的
用语语气，其中包括缩写和首字母缩写词。此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，表“为了传达信息”，句首
单词首字母大写。故填To get。
5．考查连词。句意：面部表情、视觉表现和肢体语言对于成为一名自信的说话者来说一直至关重要，但
现在表情符号正模糊口头交流和书面交流之间的界限。前文说肢体语言等的重要性，后文说表情符号模糊
了口头与书面交流的界限，前后为转折关系，应用连词but。故填but。
6．考查宾语从句。句意：图片、卡通或表情符号是一种“捷径”，能让我们清楚地表达信息的真正含义。
此处为宾语从句，作介词about 的宾语，从句中means 后缺少宾语，且指物，应用连接代词what 引导。
故填what。
7．考查情态动词。句意：可以说，表情符号比俚语和速记更有意义，因为俚语和速记很容易被误解。此
处表示“能够；可能”，用情态动词can，后接动词原形，符合语境。故填can。
8．考查动词时态。句意：我曾目睹一个女孩在短信中被分手，那条短信只有五个字母：U R MY X——从
语言上来说很简洁，但情感上却很伤人。根据前文once witnessed 可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用
一般过去时，consist 的过去式为consisted。故填consisted。
9．考查介词。句意：同样的情况也适用于这样的表述：“我现在需要和你谈谈”，这句话需要一个起限
定作用的表情符号来赋予它具体含义。go for 为固定搭配，意为“适用于；适合”。故填for。
10．考查定语从句。句意：传统主义者可能会嘲笑这些表情符号，但用来描述情绪的表情符号是书面文字
一直缺乏的肢体语言补充。此处为定语从句，先行词是the body language add-on，指物，且关系词在从句
中作lacked 的宾语，应用关系代词that 或which 引导。故填that/which。
【04】（25-26 高三上·上海·月考）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the
passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper
form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The Fifth-generation Combat Planes Displayed on China’s Military Parade
The People’s Liberation Army has displayed all types of its fifth-generation combat planes on active duty for
the first time via the grand parade on Wednesday, a move that observers say 1 (intend) to show its world-
class air prowess.
All of the five models — the J-20, J-20A, J-20S and J-35A of the PLA Air Force as well as the PLA Navy’s
J-35 — thundered past the Tian’anmen Square in central Beijing as they flew in several arrowhead-shaped groups
around the end of a 70-minute parade, 2 (mark) the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese
People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931-45) and the World Anti-Fascist War.
Wang Yanan, chief editor of Aerospace Knowledge magazine, told China Daily that this is the first time in
the history of the People’s Republic of China that so much new hardware 3 (send) to a parade.
“ 4 we have seen is an unprecedented unveiling of China’s domestically developed weaponry such
as those new aircraft. All of these previously unseen weapons have state-of-the-art designs and superior
capabilities, and have tremendously enhanced the Chinese armed forces’ overall strength,” Wang said.
The J-20S, like other members of the J-20 series, was designed by the Chengdu Aircraft Design and
Research Institute. The twin-seat plane is characterized by its supreme ability to seize superiority in air combat,
carry out precision strikes 5 land and sea targets, and perform battlefield situational awareness, electronic
jamming as well as tactical command and control
The twin-seat variant (变体) can have a backup flight-control system 6 (install) for the backseat
operator to use 7 the main system malfunctions or is damaged in action, or the front-seat pilot becomes
incapacitated.
The J-20A, 8 J-20 variant, has several external differences from the baseline model: an enlarged
spine, reshaped nosecone, and modified engine intakes optimized for new, mightier engines developed by Chinese
engineers on their own.
Its engines are widely believed to have thrust ( 推力) vector control technology 9 provides
significant benefits in flight maneuverability (机动性). The technology enables a pilot to adjust the engine exhaust
nozzles (喷口) 10 (redirect) thrust, allowing the plane to carry out previously unimaginable maneuvers at
very high angles of attack, meaning its nose is pointed at an angle greatly exceeding the jet’s current vector.
【答案】
1．is intended 2．marking 3．has been sent 4．What 5．against/on 6．installed 7．
in case 8．another 9．that/which 10．to redirect
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国阅兵展示的第五代战机及其先进性能与技术创新。
1．考查时态和语态以及主谓一致。句意：中国人民解放军周三通过盛大的阅兵式首次展示了所有现役的
第五代战斗机，观察人士称此举旨在展示其世界级的空中实力。此处为非限制性定语从句中的谓语，
intend 与先行词move 之间是被动关系，所以使用被动语态，根据say 可知，此处应使用一般现在时，从句
主语that 指代先行词move，为单数意义，所以be 动词使用is。故填is intended。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国人民解放军空军的歼-20、歼-20A、歼-20S 和歼-35A 以及海军的歼-35 等
五种型号的飞机，在70 分钟的阅兵式结束时，分成几个箭头形状的编队飞过北京市中心的天安门广场，标
志着中国人民抗日战争（1931-45 年）和世界反法西斯战争胜利80 周年。此处为非谓语动词作状语，mark
与逻辑主语之间为主动关系，所以使用现在分词形式。故填marking。
3．考查时态和语态以及主谓一致。句意：《航空航天知识》杂志主编王亚楠告诉《中国日报》，这是中
华人民共和国历史上首次有如此多的新硬件参加阅兵。此处为谓语动词，结合语意可知，此处表示“被送
去”，所以使用被动语态，根据时间状语in the history of the People’s Republic of China 可知，此处应使
用现在完成时，主语hardware 为不可数名词，所以助动词使用has。故填has been sent。
4．考查表语从句。句意：我们所看到的是中国自主研发的武器前所未有的亮相，比如那些新飞机。此处
为连接代词引导的表语从句，从句中缺少主语，结合句意可知，此处表示“我们看到的”，所以使用连接
代词what，句首单词首字母大写。故填What。
5．考查介词。句意：双座飞机以其在空战中夺取优势、对陆地和海上目标进行精确打击以及执行战场态
势感知、电子干扰以及战术指挥和控制方面的卓越能力而著称。结合语意可知，此处表示“对陆地和海上
目标进行精确打击”，所以使用介词against/on 表示“对”。故填against/on。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：双座变体可以安装一个备用飞行控制系统，供后座操作员在主系统发生故障
或在行动中受损时使用，或者前座飞行员丧失能力时使用。此处为非谓语动词作宾语补足语，install 与逻
辑主语system 之间为被动关系，所以使用过去分词形式installed。故填installed。
7．考查固定短语。句意：双座变体可以安装一个备用飞行控制系统，供后座操作员在主系统发生故障或
在行动中受损时使用，或者前座飞行员丧失能力时使用。结合语意可知，此处表示“以防”，所以使用固
定短语in case。故填in case。
8．考查限定词。句意：歼-20A 是歼-20 的另一个变体，与基线型号有几个外部差异：扩大的脊背、重新设
计的鼻锥和修改后的发动机进气口，为中国工程师自主开发的新型、更强大的发动机进行了优化。结合语
意可知，此处表示“另一个变体”，所以使用限定词another。故填another。
9．考查定语从句。句意：人们普遍认为，它的发动机具有推力矢量控制技术，这种技术可以显著提高飞
行机动性。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为technology，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，
所以使用关系代词that 或which 引导。故填that/which。
10．考查非谓语动词。句意：这项技术使飞行员能够调整发动机排气喷口以重新引导推力，使飞机能够以
非常高的攻角进行以前难以想象的机动，这意味着飞机的机头指向的角度大大超过了飞机当前的矢量。此
处为非谓语动词作状语，结合语意可知，此处表示“为了重新引导推力”，所以使用动词不定式形式，表
目的。故填to redirect。
【05】（25-26 高三上·上海徐汇·月考）Directions:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the
passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper
form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The responsibility of safeguarding China’s airspace is not placed solely on combat aircraft. Ground-based
air-defense and anti-ballistic (反弹道的) missile systems are another significant component in defending 1
incoming air threats.
2 (display) its multi-stage, multi-layer air and missile defense network, the Air Force brought six types
of advanced systems to the parade. The occasion 3 marks the public debut of the HQ-20 and HQ-22A anti-
aircraft (防空的) missile systems, attracts wide attention from military enthusiasts at home and abroad. Another
three types-HQ-11, HQ-9C and HQ-19 — 4 (be) part of Chinese defense shows in recent years.
According to Zhang Xuefeng, a military hardware observer and retired PLA officer, the HQ-11, HQ-20, and
HQ-22A are primarily tasked with engaging with conventional threats, and can effectively intercept (拦截) fixed-
wing aircraft, drones, and even short- and medium-range ballistic missiles. What many people are curious about is
5 these advanced anti-aircraft missile systems will be arranged in key coastal areas.
The HQ-19, unveiled for the first time in November 2024, has been designed for regional protection against
ballistic missiles at the high-altitude terminal phase, 6 (characterize) by a large coverage and strong
countermeasures.These traits make 7 a backbone equipment for China's homeland air defense and missile
interception operations, according to Zhang.
“The combination of the HQ-9 series and the HQ-19 will form 8 powerful, multi-layer network to
keep our important assets safe from threats from air,” the observer noted.
Wang Yanan, chief editor of Aerospace Knowledge magazine, said that in addition to conventional ballistic
missiles (弹道导弹), the HQ-19 is able to counter hypersonic (超音速的) glide vehicle weapons that boast
extremely fast speeds and supreme agility. As a cutting-edge strike hardware, the hypersonic glide vehicle weapon
is virtually impossible to intercept by previous air-defense missiles and a significant threat 9 (pose) to
high-value assets.
As the 10 (large) surface-to-air missile system China has ever shown, the HQ-29 is a mid-course
interceptor designed to engage threats outside the Earth's atmosphere. Analysts have pointed to its large-diameter
launch canisters and dual-missile configuration as possible indicators of a design meant to boost interception odds
against fast and maneuvering ballistic targets.
【答案】
1．against 2．To display 3．which/that 4．have been 5．whether 6．characterized
7．it 8．a 9．is posed 10．largest
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国防空体系的重要组成部分——地基防空和反弹道导弹系统，
以及多种先进导弹系统的功能和作用。
1．考查介词。句意：地基防空和反弹道导弹系统是防御来袭空中威胁的另一个重要组成部分。defend
against 为固定搭配，意为“防御、抵抗”，结合句意，此处表示抵御来袭的空中威胁。故填against。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了展示其多阶段、多层次的防空反导网络，空军在阅兵式上带来了六种先
进系统。此处应用非谓语动词作目的状语，结合句意，“展示防空反导网络”是空军带来先进系统的目的，
所以用动词不定式，句首首字母大写。故填To display。
3．考查定语从句引导词。句意：这次场合标志着HQ-20 和HQ-22A 防空导弹系统的首次公开亮相，吸引
了国内外军事爱好者的广泛关注。此处引导定语从句，先行词为The occasion，指物，且定语从句中缺少
主语，所以可用which 或that 引导该从句。故填which/that。
4．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：另外三种——HQ-11、HQ-9C 和HQ-19——是近年来中国国防展的
一部分。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语in recent years 可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Another three
types 为复数形式，所以谓语动词用have been。故填have been。
5．考查表语从句。句意：许多人好奇的是，这些先进的防空导弹系统是否会部署在关键的沿海地区。此
处引导表语从句，结合句意，此处表示“是否”，所以用whether 引导该从句。故填whether。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：HQ-19 于2024 年11 月首次亮相，其设计用于在高空末端阶段对弹道导弹进行
区域防护，具有覆盖范围广、对抗能力强的特点。此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰词the high-
altitude terminal phase 与characterize 之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词characterized 。故填
characterized。
7．考查代词。句意：张表示，这些特点使其成为中国国土防空和导弹拦截行动的骨干装备。此处缺少宾
语，指代前文提到的the HQ-19，为单数可数名词，所以用代词it 作宾语，避免重复。故填it。
8．考查冠词。句意：这位观察家指出：“HQ-9 系列和HQ-19 的结合将形成一个强大的多层次网络，保护
我们的重要资产免受空中威胁。”network 为可数名词单数，结合句意，此处表示“一个强大的多层次网
络”，为泛指，且powerful 是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
9．考查时态语态。句意：作为一种尖端打击装备，高超音速滑翔飞行器武器几乎无法被以往的防空导弹
拦截，对高价值资产构成了重大威胁。此处为后置定语，修饰a significant threat，pose 与a significant
threat 之间为被动关系，且此处描述的是客观事实，所以用一般现在时的被动语态is posed。故填is
posed。
10．考查形容词最高级。句意：作为中国展示过的最大的地对空导弹系统，HQ-29 是一种中段拦截器，设
计用于拦截地球大气层外的威胁。根据定冠词the 和定语从句China has ever shown 可知，此处应用形容
词large 的最高级形式largest，表示“最大的”。故填largest。
【06】（2025·上海嘉定·一模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage
coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the
given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Do We Really Need 8 Hours of Sleep? Culture Matters
People in different countries sleep varying amounts, and cultural beliefs about sleep play a significant role in
its relationship to health. Studies have shown that Japanese people sleep significantly less than 1 in the
United States, Canada, and Europe. Research has shown that Japanese people sleep 25 minutes less on average than
Americans and 40 minutes less than Dutch people. Despite sleeping less than the 2 (recommend) eight
hours, Japanese individuals generally have better health outcomes, living longer with lower rates of cancer and
heart disease compared to North Americans.
This creates a puzzle. One reason for this 3 be cultural dietary habits. Americans tend to consume
more red meat and dairy, while the Japanese eat more fish, fruits, and vegetables. However, this alone doesn’t fully
explain the health differences.
Why do Japanese individuals seem healthier 4 they sleep less? In Japan, people tend to believe
that sleep is a luxury, not a necessity, and 5 sacrificing sleep is vital for success. In North American
culture, there is a strong, widespread belief that getting 8 hours of sleep is essential for 6 (maintain) good
health.
A specific study led by Benjamin Cheung investigated these cultural differences, 7 researchers
compared 295 university students from Canada and Japan. Participants wore watches 8 (track) their
actual sleep and answered questions about sleep beliefs and health. The results were clear: Japanese students
averaged about 6 hours of sleep per night, significantly less than 7 hours among Canadian students. Interestingly,
fewer physical health symptoms 9 (report) among the Japanese students.
Therefore, the relationship 10 how long you sleep and your health is not absolute. It seems to be
significantly influenced by your cultural background and personal beliefs about sleep.
【答案】
1．those 2．recommended 3．could/might/may 4．though/although/while 5．that 6．
maintaining 7．where 8．to track 9．were reported 60．between
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，探讨了睡眠时长与健康之间的关系并非绝对，而是受文化背景和睡眠观念的
显著影响。
1．考查代词。句意：研究表明，日本人的睡眠时间明显少于美国、加拿大和欧洲人。此处指代前文提到
的“people”（人们），为避免重复，应用代词those，特指“美国、加拿大和欧洲的人们”。故填those。
2．考查形容词。句意：尽管睡眠时间少于推荐的8 小时，但日本人的健康状况普遍更好，与北美人相比，
他们寿命更长，癌症和心脏病的发病率也更低。此处修饰名词短语eight hours，eight hours 与动词
recommend 之间是逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分词recommended 作后置定语。故填recommended。
3．考查情态动词。句意：造成这种情况的一个原因可能是文化饮食习惯。此处表示对原因的推测，应用
情态动词could/might/may，意为“可能，也许”。故填could/might/may。
4．考查连词。句意：为什么日本人睡眠时间更少，却似乎更健康？此处前后句为转折关系，意为“尽管
睡眠时间少，但健康状况好”，应用连词though/although/while“尽管，虽然”引导让步状语从句。故填
though/although/while。
5．考查宾语从句。句意：在日本，人们倾向于认为睡眠是一种奢侈品，而非必需品，并且牺牲睡眠对成
功至关重要。此空引导名词性从句，与前文“that sleep is a luxury, not a necessity”并列，作believe 的宾语，
从句结构完整、语义明确，应用连接词that 引导（并列宾语从句中，第二个that 不可省略）。故填that。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：在北美文化中，有一种普遍且根深蒂固的观念，即8 小时睡眠对于维持良好健
康至关重要。此处为固定搭配“be essential for doing sth.”，意为“对做某事至关重要”，for 为介词，后
接动名词maintaining 作宾语，故填maintaining。
7．考查定语从句。句意：本杰明·张（Benjamin Cheung）领导的一项具体研究调查了这些文化差异，研
究人员在该研究中对比了29 名来自加拿大和日本的大学生。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为A
specific study（一项具体研究），关系词在从句中作地点状语（“在这项研究中”），应用关系副词
where。故填where。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：参与者佩戴手表记录他们的实际睡眠情况，并回答关于睡眠观念和健康的问
题。此处应用不定式作目的状语，说明“佩戴手表”的目的是“记录睡眠情况”，故填to track。
9．考查动词时态和语态。句意：有趣的是，日本学生报告的身体健康症状更少。此处描述过去的研究结
果，应用一般过去时；主语fewer physical health symptoms 与report 之间是被动关系（症状被报告），所
以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为复数，故填were reported。
10．考查介词。句意：因此，睡眠时间长短与健康之间的关系并非绝对。此处为固定搭配“ the
relationship between A and B”，意为“A 与B 之间的关系”，故填between。
【07】（2025·上海崇明·一模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage
coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the
given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Beijing Hosts the World’s First-ever Humanoid (像人的) Robot Half Marathon
Running is for everyone — and everything, as it now happens. That’s 1 China has just staged a half
marathon where humans weren’t the only participants. In addition to about 12,000 living, breathing runners, this
race also welcomed 21 humanoid robots to its start line.
This half marathon, which took place in Beijing on Saturday, 2 (believe) to be the first running event
of its kind and a landmark moment for the Chinese robotics industry. 3 the humans and robots ran along
separate tracks, likely for safety reasons which you’ll appreciate better in a moment, it was the first time that these
two types of participants 4 (take) part in the same race.And it proved that bipedal (两腿行走的) robots
can run a significant distance in real-world conditions.
However, the robots’ performances on race day were chaotic. One robot fell at the starting line and stayed
down for several minutes. 5 ran into a fence after just a few meters. Only six of the 21 competing robots, all
of 6 had to be bipedal rather than on wheels, successfully completed the course. The best of the bunch was
a humanoid called Tiangong Ultra, 7 (develop) by the Beijing Humanoid Robot Innovation Center, which
won the robot race in 2 hours and 40 minutes. Even better, Tiangong Ultra crossed the finish line 8 the
human cut-off time of three hours and 10 minutes. It made it the only robot 9 (qualify) for a human
participation award. It was the tallest robot in the field, too, 70 (tower) over many human adults at nearly
six feet (about 1.8 meters). By contrast, the shortest robot participant — which wore a blue and white tracksuit and
waved at people every few seconds — was just 2.5 feet (about 0.76 meters) tall.
【答案】
1．because 2．is believed 3．Although/Though/While 4．had taken 5．Another 6．
which 7．developed 8．before/within 9．to qualify/to be qualified 10．towering
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了北京举办首届人形机器人半程马拉松的赛事情况。
1．考查连词。句意：这是因为中国刚刚举办了一场半程马拉松比赛，人类并不是唯一的参赛者。前文
“Running is for everyone — and everything”提出观点，后文“China has just staged a half marathon
where humans weren’t the only participants”解释该现象的原因，空处应用连词because 引导表语从句，构
成固定句型“That’s because...”，意为“这是因为……”。故填because。
2．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这场半程马拉松于周六在北京举行，被认为是此类赛事中的首
场，也是中国机器人产业的一个里程碑时刻。空处作谓语，句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，
believe 和主语This half marathon 之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语This half marathon
是单数，be 动词应用is。故填is believed。
3．考查连词。句意：尽管出于安全原因，人类和机器人分别在不同的赛道上奔跑（这一点你很快就会更
清楚），但这是这两类参赛者首次参加同一场比赛。前半句“人类和机器人分道跑”与后半句“首次同场
竞技”是让步转折关系，空处应用连词although/though/while 引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”，句首单
词首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。
4．考查动词时态。句意：尽管出于安全原因，人类和机器人分别在不同的赛道上奔跑（这一点你很快就
会更清楚），但这是这两类参赛者首次参加同一场比赛。it was the first time that...为固定句型，意为“这
是某人第一次……”，that 从句中的谓语动词应用过去完成时。故填had taken。
5．考查代词。句意：另一个机器人在仅仅跑了几米后就撞到了围栏上。根据上文“ One robot fell at the
starting line and stayed down for several minutes.”可知，此处表示“另一个机器人”，应用代词another，
泛指三者或三者以上中的另一个，句首单词首字母大写。故填Another。
6．考查定语从句。句意：在21 个参赛机器人中，只有个成功完成了比赛，所有这些机器人都必须是两足
行走的，而不是轮式的。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词six of the 21 competing robots，先行词
指物，关系词在从句中作介词of 的宾语，应用关系代词which 引导从句。故填which。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：其中表现最好的是一款名为“天工Ultra”的人形机器人，由北京人形机器人
创新中心开发，以2 小时40 分钟的成绩赢得了机器人组冠军。空处作非谓语动词，develop 和逻辑主语a
humanoid called Tiangong Ultra 之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填developed。
8．考查介词。句意：更好的是，“天工Ultra”在人类设定的3 小时10 分钟截止时间之前（在3 小时10 分
钟内）冲过了终点线。根据空后“the human cut-off time of three hours and 10 minutes”可知，此处表示
“在……之前”或“在……之内”，应用介词before“在……之前”或within“在……之内”。故填
before/within。
9．考查非谓语动词。句意：这使它成为唯一有资格获得人类参与奖的机器人。空处为非谓语动词作后置
定语，修饰名词robot，当名词有the only 修饰，其后用不定式作后置定语，qualify“符合”和robot 之间
可以是主动关系，强调机器人自身符合获奖条件，可用to qualify；也可用不定式的被动形式to be
qualified，强调机器人被官方授予资格。故填to qualify/to be qualified。
10．考查非谓语动词。句意：它也是赛场上最高的机器人，身高近6 英尺（约1.8 米），比许多成年人都
高。空处作非谓语动词，动词tower“高耸；高出”和逻辑主语It（指代前文的机器人）之间是主动关系，
应用现在分词作状语。故填towering。
【08】（25-26 高三上·上海静安·期中）Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make
the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the
proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Even moderate drinking might shrink your brain
New research suggests that moderate drinking can negatively impact health. The study found a link between
regular alcohol consumption — as little as one to two drinks a day — and decreased brain volume in middle-aged
and older people. 1 they drink or not plays a role in the brain shrinkage.
The study was led by researchers from the University of Pennsylvania and the University of Wisconsin–
Madison. They analyzed data from the UK Biobank, a long-running project that 2 (track) the health of more
than 35,000 UK residents in the past few years.
As part of the project, volunteers fill out questionnaires about their lifestyle habits, consent (同意) to having
their genes studied, and high-quality brain scans. Using these scans, the team looked for any connection between
3 (report) alcohol use and brain structure.
Our brains naturally shrink in size 4 we become older, which is one of the reasons our cognitive
function declines in later age. There are things that 5 either accelerate or slow down this process, though,
such as exercise. And even a moderate alcohol routine, the researchers concluded, seems to be in the former
category.
After controlling for other factors, such as age, body mass index, and head size, the scientists found a
negative correlation between alcohol intake and overall brain volume, including in gray matter, the areas of the
brain rich in neurons and other cells. Alcohol use was similarly linked to changes in our white matter, 6 the
information is relayed (传递) between different regions of the brain.
“We show that the negative associations between alcohol intake and brain macrostructure and
microstructure are already apparent in individuals 7 (consume) an average of only one to two daily alcohol
units, and become 8 (strong) as alcohol intake increases,” the authors wrote in their paper, published in
Nature Communications earlier this month.
The authors say their large sample size is an advantage 9 past studies and allows them to better
understand and quantify the possible toll of regular alcohol use on the brain. Going from zero to one unit of alcohol
(about half a pint) a day, the authors say, would be equivalent to half a year of brain aging in the average 50-year-
old, for instance, but it jumps to two years for someone going from one to two units of alcohol (a full pint) per day.
And for 10 drinking four or more drinks a day, their brains may age prematurely a full decade, relative to
someone who doesn’t drink at all.
【答案】
1．whether 2．has been tracking/has tracked 3．reported 4．as 5．can/may 6．where
7．consuming 8．stronger 9．over 10．those
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，即适度饮酒也可能会使大脑萎缩，并分
析了饮酒与大脑结构之间的关系。
1．考查主语从句。句意：他们是否喝酒在大脑萎缩中起作用。“ 1 they drink or not”是主语从句，结合
句意和句中“or not”可知，用连词whether 引导该从句，表示“是否”。故填whether。
2．考查时态。句意：他们分析了英国生物库的数据，这是一个长期运行的项目，在过去几年里一直在跟
踪35000 多名英国居民的健康状况。track(跟踪)是定语从句中的谓语动词，与主语that(即先行词a long-
running project)之间是主动关系，结合时间状语“in the past few years”可知，从句讲述从过去持续到现在
的动作，应用现在完成进行时或现在完成时态，主语是单数名词，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填has
been tracking/has tracked。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：基于这些脑部扫描数据，研究团队重点探究了自我报告饮酒情况与大脑结构
之间的潜在关联。提示词report(报告)作定语，用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语alcohol use 之间是被动
关系，用过去分词形式reported 作定语。故填reported。
4．考查状语从句。句意：随着年龄的增长，我们的大脑自然会萎缩，这是我们认知功能在晚年下降的原
因之一。“ 4 we become older”是时间状语从句，表示两个动作伴随发生，应用从属连词as 引导该从句，
意为“随着”。故填as。
5．考查情态动词。句意：不过，有些事情可以加速或减缓这个过程，比如锻炼。结合语意可知，此处表
示一种可能性，应用情态动词can 或may，意为“可以，能够”。故填can/may。
6．考查定语从句。句意：酒精的使用同样与我们白质的变化有关，在白质中，信息在大脑的不同区域之
间传递。“ 6 the information is relayed (传递) between different regions of the brain”是非限制性定语从
句，修饰先行词white matter，指地点，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，应使用关系副词where 引导该
从句。故填where。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们表明，酒精摄入量与大脑宏观结构和微观结构之间的负相关在平均每天
只摄入一到两个酒精单位的个体中已经很明显，并且随着酒精摄入量的增加而变得更强。“ (consume) an
average of only one to two daily alcohol units”作后置定语，consume(消耗)用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主
语individuals 之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式consuming 作后置定语。故填consuming。
8．考查形容词比较级。句意：我们表明，酒精摄入量与大脑宏观结构和微观结构之间的负相关在平均每
天只摄入一到两个酒精单位的个体中已经很明显，并且随着酒精摄入量的增加而变得更强。形容词strong
作表语，结合下文“as alcohol intake increases”可推知，酒精摄入量增加，负相关会变得更强，应用比较
级stronger 形式，意为“更强的”。故填stronger。
9．考查介词。句意：研究者指出，相较于既往研究，其大样本量构成显著优势，使团队能更精准地解析
与量化常规饮酒对大脑的潜在损害。an advantage over 是固定搭配，意为“比……更有优势”。故填
over。
10．考查代词。句意：对于那些每天喝四杯或更多酒的人来说，他们的大脑可能会比完全不喝酒的人提前
衰老整整十年。根据句意和下文中“their brains”可知，此处指“那些每天喝四杯或更多酒的人”，用指
示代词those 作宾语。故填those。
【08】（2026·上海·一模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage
coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the
given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Why Fairy Tales Are Really Powerful Tales
When people think of fairy tales, they usually imagine pretty princesses, brave princes and happy endings.
Yet if we look back to the earliest versions of these stories, we discover that fairy tales 1 (never mean) to
be only sweet or child-friendly. In fact, they were originally serious and full of challenges. The fear and danger in
these tales were not accidental — they carried moral, social, and even psychological meaning.
In the past, life was full of risks: diseases, hunger, and poverty. Folk stories reflected that world. In Hansel
and Gretel, two children are abandoned and almost captured by a witch ( 女巫), 2 reminds us that
cleverness and courage are needed for survival. In Little Red Riding Hood, the wolf’s attack teaches young
listeners not to trust strangers. Behind every tense scene, there 3 (stand) a warning about real human
behavior.
Psychologists later pointed out that such stories help children face their inner worries. Bruno Bettelheim, a
well-known scholar, suggested that fairy tales 4 (allow) the mind to deal safely with emotions like
jealousy, loneliness, and loss. The deep parts of the story, 5 (act) like a mirror, help readers understand
the hidden corners of their own hearts.
Modern versions have softened these tales, replacing danger with beauty and loss with happy endings. But
deep down, the original fear is 6 gave fairy tales their power. Without fear, their lessons lose depth. 7
(shape) by facing imaginary monsters, readers learn how to face real-life challenges.
In the end, 8 they reflect the truth of human experience, fairy tales are really powerful tales. They
remind us that 9 reaching “happily ever after,” every hero or heroine still has to walk through the forest
of uncertainty — and it is the journey through that darkness that makes the ending worth 10 (remember).
【答案】
1．were never meant 2．which 3．stands/stood 4．allow/should allow 5．acting 6．
what 7．Shaped/Having been shaped 8．because/as/since 9．before 10．remembering
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了童话故事的真正力量，指出其原始版本严肃且充满挑战，蕴
含道德、社会和心理意义，能帮助孩子面对内心恐惧和现实挑战，强调了恐惧在童话故事中的重要性。
1．考查时态和语态。句意：然而，如果我们回顾这些故事最早的版本，我们会发现童话故事从来都不是
为了只表达甜蜜或适合儿童。mean(打算，意欲)是谓语动词，与主语fairy tales 之间是被动关系，结合句
意和“the earliest versions of these stories”可知，讲述过去的事实，应使用一般过去时的被动语态，主语
是复数名词，谓语动词也应用复数形式were meant；加入否定副词never 构成否定。故填were never
meant。
2．考查定语从句。句意：在《韩塞尔与葛雷特》中，两个孩子被遗弃，差点被女巫抓住，这提醒我们，
生存需要聪明和勇气。“__2__ reminds us that cleverness and courage are needed for survival”是非限制性
定语从句，修饰上文整个句子，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which 引导该从句。故填
which。
3．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在每一个紧张的场景背后，都有一个关于人类真实行为的警告。stand(比
喻义：存在，出现)是there be 句型中谓语动词，可看作描述一般性事实，用一般现在时态，主语warning
是单数名词，谓语动词用单数形式，也可看作描述过去的情况，用一般过去时态。故填stands/stood。
4．考查虚拟语气。句意：著名学者布鲁诺·贝特尔海姆(Bruno Bettelheim)提出，童话故事允许大脑安全地
处理嫉妒、孤独和失落等情绪。suggest(建议，提出)后接宾语从句时，从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词使用
“should+动词原形”形式，should 可以省略。故填allow/should allow。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：故事的深层部分就像一面镜子，帮助读者了解自己内心隐藏的角落。“__5__
(act) like a mirror”作后置定语，act(像)用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语The deep parts of the story 之间
是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填acting。
6．考查表语从句。句意：但在内心深处，最初的恐惧才是赋予童话力量的东西。“ __6__ gave fairy tales
their power”是表语从句，从句缺少主语，表示“(赋予童话力量的)东西”，应用连接代词what 引导该从
句。故填what。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：通过面对想象中的怪物而形成(性格)，读者学会如何面对现实生活中的挑战。
“__7__ (shape) by facing imaginary monsters”作状语，shape(塑造)用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语
readers 之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动；也可看作shape 发生在谓语动词learn 之前，用现在分词的
完成被动式；句首单词首字母大写。故填Shaped/Having been shaped。
8．考查状语从句。句意：最后，因为童话故事反映了人类经验的真相，所以它们真的是很有力量的故事。
结合句意，“ ____ they reflect the truth of human experience” 是原因状语从句，用从属连
词because/as/since 引导该从句，意为“因为”。故填because/as/since。
9．考查介词。句意：他们提醒我们，在达到“从此幸福快乐”之前，每一位英雄或女英雄仍然必须穿过
不确定的森林——正是穿越黑暗的旅程让结局值得铭记。根据句意，表示“在……之前”应用介词
before，构成介词短语作时间状语。故填before。
10．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们提醒我们，在达到“从此幸福快乐”之前，每一位英雄或女英雄仍然必
须穿过不确定的森林——正是穿越黑暗的旅程让结局值得铭记。worth doing 是固定搭配，意为“值得
被……”，用动名词作宾语，主动表被动。故填remembering。
【10】（25-26 高三上·上海·期中）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the
passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper
form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Are touchscreens in cars dangerous?
It might not have been the first to have a touchscreen but it was Tesla’s Model S that set the trend. For years
almost every new car sold 1 (come) with a high-tech, futuristic screen, which controls everything from
the air conditioning to even safety features like automatic lane-keeping.
But are touchscreens safe? The case against them is straightforward. If using the screen of a smartphone
while driving is distracting, and therefore dangerous, then doing likewise with your car’s, 2 use requires
similar visual attention, is probably risky too. Drivers can learn the location of physical controls and press buttons
without taking their eyes 3 the road. A touchscreen offers no physical feedback, making that much
harder. And because a screen 4 do dozens of jobs, finding a particular setting often means tapping
through several sub-menus. The result, say critics, is a dangerous distraction 5 (build) into the car itself.
Research backs that up. In 2022 Vi Bilagare, a Swedish motoring magazine, measured 6 it took
drivers to do things like switching to a new radio station or changing the temperature, while driving at 110
kilometres per hour. While a driver in an older car with buttons could perform tasks within about ten seconds, the
same tasks using modern touchscreens took up to 45 seconds.
Safety organisations are beginning to notice. From January new rules from Euro NCAP, an organisation that
provides safety ratings, will mean no car can get a full five-star score 7 certain crucial functions are
controlled by real switches.
Many drivers dislike touchscreens for reasons other than safety, finding them inconvenient and annoying
8 (use). Volkswagen has begun restoring at least some buttons to their new models, 9 (cite) drivers’
dislike of screens. But innovation never stops. Even as touchscreens 10 (fall) out of favour, many
manufacturers are turning their attention to voice control — though that is a subject for another story.
【答案】
1．has come 2．whose 3．off 4．must/can 5．built 6．how long 7．unless 8．
to use 9．citing 10．are falling
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要探讨汽车触摸屏的安全性问题，分析其分散注意力的风险、相关研究结
果及行业应对趋势。
1．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：多年来，几乎每一辆售出的新车都配备了高科技、具有未来感的屏
幕，它控制着从空调到甚至像自动车道保持这样的安全功能的一切。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语
“For years”，强调从过去持续到现在的趋势，用现在完成时；主语every new car 为单数，所以谓语动词
为has come。故填has come。
2．考查定语从句。句意：如果开车时使用智能手机屏幕会分散注意力，因此很危险，那么使用汽车的触
摸屏可能也同样危险，因为它的使用需要类似的视觉注意力。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，先
行词为your car’s 指代“汽车的触摸屏”，在从句中作定语，修饰名词use，表示“它的使用”，用关系代
词whose。故填whose。
3．考查介词。句意：司机可以记住物理控制按钮的位置，无需将视线离开路面就能按下按钮。此处为固
定搭配“take one’s eyes off”，意为“将视线从……移开”，用介词off。故填off。
4．考查情态动词。句意：而且由于一个屏幕肯定/可以完成多项任务，找到某个特定设置通常意味着要点
击多个子菜单。此处表示屏幕具备的功能，用情态动词must 表示“肯定”或can 表示“能够、可以”。故
填must/can。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：批评人士说，结果就是汽车本身内置了一种危险的干扰因素。此处为非谓语
动词，a dangerous distraction 与build 为被动关系，用过去分词built 作后置定语。故填built。
6．考查宾语从句。句意：2022 年，瑞典汽车杂志《Vi Bilagare》测量了司机在时速110 公里行驶时，切换
到新电台或调节温度等操作所需的时间。此处为连接词引导的宾语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，但句意
不完整，结合句意，此处表示“多长时间”，用连接词how long。故填how long。
7．考查连词。句意：从1 月起，提供安全评级的组织欧洲新车安全评鉴（Euro NCAP）的新规定意味着，
除非某些关键功能由实体开关控制，否则没有汽车能获得满分五星评级。此处引导状语从句，结合句意，
此处表示“除非、如果不”，用连词unless。故填unless。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：许多司机不喜欢触摸屏除了安全原因外，还觉得使用起来不方便、令人恼火。
此处为固定结构“find + 宾语 + adj. + to do”，用动词不定式to use，主动形式表被动含义。故填to use。
9．考查非谓语动词。句意：大众汽车已经开始在其新车型中至少恢复一些按钮，理由是司机不喜欢屏幕。
此处为非谓语动词，Volkswagen 与cite 为主动关系，用现在分词citing 作状语。故填citing。
10．考查动词时态。句意：尽管触摸屏正逐渐失宠，但许多制造商正将注意力转向语音控制——不过这是
另一个话题了。此处为谓语动词，结合语境“正在失宠”，用现在进行时；主语touchscreens 为复数，所
以谓语动词为are falling。故填are falling。
【11】（25-26 高三上·上海·期中）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the
passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper
form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
When Reality Feels Unreal
In today’s world of perfect pictures and computer-made videos, our sense of what is “real” is quietly
changing. Experts now describe a strange reaction called the “Giving NPC” Effect — a kind of mental mistake in
101 truly real people or scenes suddenly seem unreal. The term comes from video games: NPCs, or non-player
characters, speak and move by fixed rules. More and more, online pictures full of smooth skin, clean rooms, and
perfectly timed actions give a similar feeling of 2 (make) by a machine.
Behind this confusion is the rise of what some call the “after-perfect” look. For years, online life 3
(praise) clean and exact styles. But this kind of perfection has become so common and so even that it now feels
false. Our brains, 4 (build) to expect the small mess of real life—shaking hands, uneven light, little
mistakes — find it hard to believe in images that look too good. When every post seems carefully fixed, realness
itself starts to look like something fake.
This doubt grows stronger 5 AI-made fake videos, which can copy famous people with surprising
truth. 6 we see such a video, our brains learn to be careful about what they see. Soon, even normal videos
make us feel unsure. We start to think, “Something is wrong,” even when nothing is. The more people try to look
perfect online, the 7 (real) they appear to others.
Still, this feeling is not all bad. It shows that people now want natural and simple things — moments that
8 (see) as alive rather than corrected. The quiet change has already begun: random photo groups, soft-focus
videos, and honest speech are now becoming popular. These small signs remind us that life is not perfect; it is full
of noise, and that is 9 makes it true.
10 (regain) trust in our eyes, we may need to change our values. Instead of loving perfection, we
can learn to enjoy honesty more than order. A small pause, a smile line, or a bit of shaking in a voice can tell us
more about being human than the cleanest picture ever could.
【答案】
1．which 2．being made 3．has praised 4．built 5．because of 6．Each time/Every
time 7．less real 8．are seen 9．what 10．To regain
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出，当下完美图片和AI 内容普及催生“给予NPC 效应”，让真实显得
不真实，背后是“后完美”审美泛滥。这种困惑虽带来怀疑，但也推动人们青睐自然真实，重拾对真实的
信任需转变价值取向。
1．考查定语从句。句意：专家们如今描述了一种奇特的现象，称之为“给予 NPC 效应”——这是一种
心理上的错误，即原本真实的人或场景突然间会显得不真实了。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构限制性定
语从句，修饰先行词mistake，作介词的宾语，指物，关系代词用which。故填which。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：越来越多的网络图片展现出光滑的肌肤、整洁的房间以及完美同步的动作，
给人一种仿佛是由机器制作出来的类似感觉。作介词的宾语，且与feeling 构成被动关系，故用being done
形式。故填being made。
3．考查时态。句意：多年来，网络世界一直推崇简洁和精确的风格。但这种完美主义已经变得太过普遍
和一致，以至于现在这种风格让人感觉很虚假。根据上文For years 可知为现在完成时，主语为life，助动
词用has。故填has praised。
4．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的大脑天生就习惯于应对现实生活中的种种小麻烦——比如颤抖的手、
光线的不均匀、一些小失误等等。因此，它们很难接受那些看起来过于完美无瑕的画面。此处build 与
brains 构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填built。
5．考查固定短语。句意：这种怀疑愈发强烈，原因在于由人工智能制作的虚假视频，它们能够以令人信
服的逼真度模仿名人形象。表示“由于”，后跟名词短语，用because of。故填because of。
6．考查时间状语从句。句意：每次我们看到这样的视频时，我们的大脑就会学会对所看到的内容保持警
惕。引导时间状语从句，表示“每次”用each/every time，首字母大写。故填Each/Every time。
7．考查比较级。句意：人们越是努力在网上传达出完美的形象，他们在别人眼中就越显得不真实。此处
为“the+比较级，the+比较级”句型，表示“越显得不真实”用less real。故填less real。
8．考查时态语态。句意：这表明如今的人们更倾向于追求自然质朴的东西——那些被视为真实存在而非
经过修饰的瞬间。定语从句修饰先行词moments，在从句作主语，与谓语构成被动关系，结合上文shows
可知为一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填are seen。
9．考查表语从句。句意：这些小小的标识提醒着我们，生活并非十全十美；它充满了喧嚣，而正是这种
喧嚣赋予了生活真实感。引导表语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，故用what。故填what。
10．考查非谓语动词。句意：要重新赢得我们内心的信任，我们或许需要改变自己的价值观。我们不必追
求完美，而是可以学会更看重诚实而非秩序。此处regain 作目的状语，用不定式，首字母大写。故填To
regain。
【11】（25-26 高三上·上海·期中）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the
passage coherent and grammatically correct For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper
form of the given word: for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Robots entering Chinese homes
During the World Smart Industry Expo 2025, crowds of visitors gathered at the booth of Agile Robots to
watch a robotic arm move precisely over a participant’s waist. Using sensors to detect muscle tension and applying
the ideal amount of pressure for a massage, the robotic arm drew exclamations of amazement: “ 1 technique
is even better than a veteran masseur!”
The healthcare robot 2 (develop)by the Beijing-based company is called "Dabai” and is equipped
with tactile sensors and artificial intelligence algorithms. It can provide users with professional massage
services.With a focus on “AI+” and “Intelligent Connected New Energy Vehicles”this year, the four-day expo from
Friday to Monday brought together more than 600 domestic and international businesses, 3 (showcase)
over 3,000 innovations in the smart technology industry.
One particular highlight of the exhibition area was the various smart robot products 4 targeted
ordinary Chinese households. “The physiotherapy services industry relies on the therapist’s skills and faces
challenges such as long training periods and a high staff turnover,” said Zhang Mingfeng, electrical supervisor at
Agile Robots. “The key to 5 (address) industry bottlenecks is to standardize products and services.” From
humanoid robots that can sing and dance to floor-cleaning machines and electronic pets, a variety of advanced
devices are now entering everyday households. These products, once limited to factories and laboratories, are now
helping to improve people’s daily lives.
“Robots are not cold machines in steel shells. We aim to make technology help,” said Xi E’e, head of brand
operations of an industrial innovation park in Chongqing. “These innovative products cover scenarios 6
household use, healthcare and outdoor activities, as the smart robots cater to diversifying consumer demands,” said
Xi.
According to data from the 2025 World Robot Conference, China 7 (remain) the world’s largest
industrial robot market for 12 consecutive years. Meanwhile,the output of service robots exceeded 10.5 million
units in 2024, marking a year-on-year increase of 34.3 percent. According to a Morgan Stanley report, China’s
robotics market 8 (project) to grow from $47 billion in 2024 to $108 billion by 2028, with service robots
achieving a compound annual growth rate of 25 percent.
“My daughter is very interested in this desktop pet robot, and we plan to get one for her”, said Li Qing, who
visited the expo with her six-year-old. The product is a kitten-like robot that 9 engage in conversation and
display a range of expressions. It functions as both a learning assistant and a delightful companion. China’s robotics
industry is accelerating its development toward large-scale production and cost reductions
10
establishing a complete supply chain from design to assembly.
【答案】
1．Its/The 2．developed 3．showcasing 4．that/which 5．addressing 6．such as
7．has remained 8．is projected 9．can 10．when/while
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍2025 世界智能产业博览会上各类家用智能机器人产品，中国机器
人产业的市场地位、发展数据及未来趋势。
1．考查冠词/形容词性物主代词。句意：它的/这项技术甚至比资深按摩师还要好！此处修饰名词
technique，可特指前文提到的机器人手臂的按摩技术，用定冠词The；也可表示“它的（机器人的）技
术”，用形容词性物主代词Its。故填Its/The。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：这款由这家北京公司研发的健康机器人名为“大白”，配备了触觉传感器和
人工智能算法。此处为非谓语动词，The healthcare robot 与develop 为被动关系，用过去分词developed
作后置定语。故填developed。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：本届博览会为期四天（周五至周一），聚焦“人工智能+”和“智能网联新能
源汽车”，汇集了600 多家国内外企业，展示了智能科技产业的3000 多项创新成果。此处为非谓语动词，
the four-day expo 与showcase 为主动关系，用现在分词showcasing 作状语。故填showcasing。
4．考查定语从句。句意：展区的一大亮点是各类面向中国普通家庭的智能机器人产品。此处为定语从句，
先行词为the various smart robot products，指物，在从句中作主语，用关系代词that 或which。故填
that/which。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：解决行业瓶颈的关键是实现产品和服务的标准化。此处位于介词of 之后，用
address 的动名词形式addressing。故填addressing。
6．考查固定短语。句意：这些创新产品涵盖家庭使用、医疗健康和户外活动等场景，智能机器人满足了
多样化的消费需求。此处列举产品涵盖的场景，用固定短语such as，意为“例如、诸如”。故填such
as。
7．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：根据2025 世界机器人大会的数据，中国已连续12 年保持全球最大工
业机器人市场地位。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“for 12 consecutive years”，强调从过去持续到现在
的状态，用现在完成时；主语China 为单数，所以谓语动词为has remained。故填has remained。
8．考查动词语态和时态。句意：摩根士丹利的一份报告显示，中国机器人市场预计将从2024 年的470 亿
美元增长到2028 年的1080 亿美元，服务机器人的年复合增长率将达到25%。此处为谓语动词，描述报告
中的预测，用一般现在时；且China’s robotics market 与project 为被动关系，主语为单数，所以谓语动词
为is projected。故填is projected。
9．考查情态动词。句意：该产品是一款小猫外形的机器人，能够进行对话并展现多种表情。此处表示机
器人具备的功能，意为“能够对话”，用情态动词can，意为“能够、可以”。故填can。
10．考查连词。句意：中国机器人产业在建立从设计到组装的完整供应链的同时，加速向规模化生产和成
本降低方向发展。此处表示“加速发展”与“建立完整供应链”同时进行，或“通过建立供应链”实现发
展，用连词when/while，表示“当……时”均可。故填when/while。
【12】（2026 高三·上海·专题练习）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the
passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper
form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Tween bots are human-dependent cardboard robots that navigate the city with the help of pedestrians they
encounter. Rolling at a constant speed, in a straight line, Tween bots have a destination 1 (display) on a flag
and rely on passers-by they come across to read this flag and to aim them in the right direction to reach their goal.
I walked out to Washington Square Park on a sunny summer day, 2 (place) my first Tweenbot on the
sidewalk, and walked away. From a distance, I observed as the Tweenbot—a smiling 10-inch tall cardboard
missionary—bumped along towards its inevitable fate.
It was incredible.
3 a Tweenbot got caught under a park bench, ground futilely (徒劳地) against a curb, or became
trapped in a pothole (坑洼), some passer-by would always rescue it and send it toward its goal. Never once was a
Tween bot lost or damaged. Often, people 4 ignore the instructions to aim the Tween bot in the “right”
direction, if that direction meant 5 (send) the robot into a dangerous situation. One man turned the robot
back in the direction 6 which it had just come, saying out loud to the Tween bot, “You can’t go that way;
it’s toward the road.”
The Tween bot’s unexpected presence in the city created an unfolding narrative that speaks to the power of a
simple technological object to create a complex network powered by human intelligence and asynchronous (非同时
发生的) interactions. The journey 7 take becomes a story of people’s willingness 8 (engage) with a
creature that mirrors human characteristics of being easily harmed, of being lost, and of having intention 9
the means of achieving the goal alone. 10 each encounter with an empathetic pedestrian takes a Tween bot
one step closer to reaching its destination, the significance of our random discoveries and individual actions builds
up into a story about a vast space made small by an even smaller robot.
【答案】
1．displayed 2．placed 3．Each time/Every time 4．would 5．sending 6．from
7．they 8．to engage 9．without 10．As
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者在华盛顿广场公园进行的Tween bot 实验，展示了
简单科技物体如何通过人类互动创建复杂网络，强调了人类善意和个体行动的重要性。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：Tween bots 以恒定的速度直线滚动，它们的旗帜上显示着目的地，依靠遇到
的行人来读取旗帜并指引它们朝正确的方向前进以到达目的地。“have sth. done”是固定结构，意为“使
某事被……”，其中过去分词作宾语补足语，表示被动和完成的动作。所以这里用display 的过去分词
displayed，表示“目的地被显示在旗帜上”。故填displayed。
2．考查时态。句意：在一个阳光明媚的夏日，我走到华盛顿广场公园，把我的第一个Tween bot 放在人行
道上，然后走开了。“and”连接三个并列的动作，根据“walked out”和“walked away”可知，句子时态是
一般过去时，所以这里用place 的过去式placed 作谓语。故填placed。
3．考查状语从句。句意：每次Tween bot 被卡在公园长椅下，徒劳地撞在路缘上，或者掉进坑洞里时，总
会有过路人把它救出来，送它朝目标前进。根据语境可知，空格处意为“每当……的时候”，用each time
或者every time 引导该从句，且句首单词首字母大写。故填Each time/Every time。
4．考查情态动词。句意：人们常常会无视把Tween bot 指向“正确”方向的指示，如果那个方向意味着把
机器人送入危险的境地的话。“if that direction meant ___5__ (send) the robot into a dangerous situation”
是条件状语从句，结合句意，表示“人们过去常常无视指示”，用情态动词would 表示过去的习惯性动作。
故填would。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：人们常常会无视把Tween bot 指向“正确”方向的指示，如果那个方向意味着
把机器人送入危险的境地的话。“meant”是谓语动词，空格处用动名词作宾语，mean doing sth.是固定用
法，意为“意味着做某事”，所以这里用send 的动名词形式sending 作宾语。故填sending。
6．考查介词。句意：一个人把机器人转回它刚来的方向，大声对Tween bot 说：“你不能走那条路，那是
通向马路的。”“the direction _____ which it had just come”是定语从句，修饰先行词direction，结合句
意，表示“它刚来的方向”，用“from which”引导定语从句，from 表示“从……”，符合语境。故填
from。
7．考查代词。句意：他们所走的旅程变成了一个关于人们愿意与一个容易受到伤害、容易迷路、有意图
但没有独自实现目标手段的生物互动的故事。“_____ take”是省略关系代词的限制定语从句，空格处单词
作定语从句中的主语，指代上文提到的“Tween bots”，用人称代词they 作主语。故填they。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们所走的旅程变成了一个关于人们愿意与一个容易受到伤害、容易迷路、
有意图但没有独自实现目标手段的生物互动的故事。“willingness”是名词，后面通常接不定式作后置定语，
表示“愿意做某事”，所以这里用to engage 作后置定语，修饰willingness。故填to engage。
9．考查介词。句意：他们所走的旅程变成了一个关于人们愿意与一个容易受到伤害、容易迷路、有意图
但没有独自实现目标手段的生物互动的故事。根据句意和空格后的“the means of achieving the goal alone”
可知，这里表示“没有实现目标的手段”，用介词without 表示“没有”。故填without。
10．考查状语从句。句意：随着每次与有同情心的行人的相遇，Tween bot 离到达目的地又近了一步，我
们随机发现和个体行动的意义汇聚成了一个关于一个更小的机器人使广阔空间变小的故事。根据语境可知，
句子表示“随着每次与有同情心的行人的相遇”，空格处表示“随着……”，用as 引导该从句，且句首单
词首字母大写。故填As。
【13】（25-26 高三上·上海·月考）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the
passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper
form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The Only Problem with This Image? It’s Not Real
A young mom stares out the window in an empty room, holding a baby. The 1 (strike) image is
meant to arouse sympathy for a charity campaign and to urge the viewers to ask who this poor woman is and 2
we can help her.
But there is a catch: The woman is not real.
Furniture Bank, a Toronto-based charity that collects used household items for people in need, 3
(switch) to AI-generated images in its 2022 holiday campaign. The move raised a host of ethical questions along
with donations.
Executive director Dan Kershaw said that the lifelike scenes are meant to illustrate the isolation of clients
4 objectifying (物化) real people. Essentially, the charity claims 5 (find) a way around
exploiting images or stories of economically disadvantaged individuals to appeal to the emotions of the public, a
strategy that charities have relied on for decades.
6 charities didn’t use this strategy, Kershaw said, “nobody would look at their emails or social
media ads, and they wouldn’t be able to raise funds.”
Studies have suggested that images showing negative emotions attract significantly 7 (big)
donations than those with smiling faces. But there has been recent resistance to this long-existing practice. Critics
argue that it 8 reinforce harmful stereotypes and hurt its subjects.
Jon Dean, a sociology professor who studies images of homelessness, said that AI is a step in the right
direction in this case. It, however, doesn’t necessarily elevate Furniture Bank’s images above the pictures and the
people 9 have traditionally been used. While they’ve solved an ethical problem by not identifying
individuals, Dean pointed out, these images still put the focus on individual suffering, rather than the root causes of
that suffering.
Stowe Boyd, who researches technological evolution and the digital economy, said that we are getting used
to a world in which we have to question every image we see online. While plagiarism (抄袭) has always existed
in various forms, AI provides another way to “degrade the currency of authenticity” in photography and writing.
10 authenticity matters is a more complicated question. But a news reporter quoting a fictional straw man in
an article, or a charity pretending an AI image was real, would cross an ethical line, said Boyd.
【答案】
1．striking 2．how 3．switched 4．without 5．to have found 6．If 7．bigger
8．can/could/may/might 9．that 10．Whether
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要探讨了多伦多慈善机构“家具银行”（Furniture Bank）在2022 年节
日宣传活动中采用人工智能（AI）生成图像这一做法所引发的伦理争议。
1．考查形容词。句意：这张引人注目的图片是为了唤起人们对慈善活动的同情，并敦促观众去问这个可
怜的女人是谁，我们该如何帮助她。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词image，strike 的形容词是
striking，意为“引人注目的”，故填striking。
2．考查宾语从句。句意：这张引人注目的图片是为了唤起人们对慈善活动的同情，并敦促观众去问这个
可怜的女人是谁，我们该如何帮助她。空格处引导的是宾语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，句子表示“我
们该如何帮助她”，空格处意为“如何”，用how，故填how。
3．考查时态。句意：家具银行是一家总部位于多伦多的慈善机构，为有需要的人收集二手家居用品，该
机构在2022 年的节日活动中改用人工智能生成的图像。句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处
用过去式，故填switched。
4．考查介词。句意：执行董事Dan Kershaw 说，逼真的场景是为了说明客户的孤独，而不是物化真实的
人。根据语境可知，空处前后为对比转折关系，空格处意为“没有”，用介词without。故填without。
5．考查不定式。句意：从本质上讲，该慈善机构声称已经找到了一种方法，可以利用经济上处于劣势地
位的个人的图像或故事来吸引公众的情绪，这是慈善机构几十年来一直依赖的一种策略。claim to do 是固
定短语，意为“声称做某事”，根据语境可知，句子表示“该慈善机构声称已经找到了一种方法”，因此
空格处用不定式的完成式to have found，表示已经发生的事情对现在的影响，故填to have found。
6．考查时间状语从句。句意：Kershaw 说，如果慈善机构不使用这种策略，“没有人会看他们的电子邮
件或社交媒体广告，他们就无法筹集资金。”根据语境可知，空格处意为“如果”表示条件，用if 引导条
件状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写，故填If。
7．考查比较级。句意：研究表明，表现出负面情绪的照片比那些微笑的照片吸引的捐款多得多。由than
可知，空格处用比较级bigger，故填bigger。
8．考查情态动词。句意：批评者认为，它可以/可能会加强有害的刻板印象，伤害它的主题。空后
reinforce 是原形，空格处用情态动词，根据argue 可知，空格处表示推测，意为“可以/可能”，可用
can/could/may/might，故填can/could/may/might。
9．考查定语从句。句意：然而，这并不一定就能让“家具银行”使用的图像比传统上使用的图片和人物
更胜一筹。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词the pictures and the people 既有人
又有物，因此用关系代词that 引导定语从句，故填that。
10．考查主语从句。句意：真实性是否重要是一个更复杂的问题。空格处引导的是主语从句，从句中不缺
主语或宾语，空格处意为“是否”，用whether，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Whether。
【15】（25-26 高三上·上海黄浦·月考）Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make
the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the
proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Tween bots are human-dependent cardboard robots that navigate the city with the help of pedestrians they
encounter. Rolling at a constant speed, in a straight line, Tween bots have a destination 1 (display) on a
flag and rely on passers-by they come across to read this flag and to aim them in the right direction to reach their
goal.
I walked out to Washington Square Park on a sunny summer day, 2 (place) my first Tweenbot on
the sidewalk, and walked away. From a distance, I observed as the Tweenbot — a smiling 10-inch tall cardboard
missionary — bumped along towards its inevitable fate.
It was incredible.
3 a Tweenbot got caught under a park bench, ground futilely (徒劳地) against a curb, or became
trapped in a pothole (坑洼), some passer - by would always rescue it and send it toward its goal. Never once was a
Tween bot lost or damaged. Often, people 4 ignore the instructions to aim the Tween bot in the “right”
direction, if that direction meant 5 (send) the robot into a dangerous situation. One man turned the robot
back in the direction 6 which it had just come, saying out loud to the Tween bot, “You can’t go that way;
it’s toward the road.”
The Tween bot’s unexpected presence in the city created an unfolding narrative that speaks to the power of a
simple technological object to create a complex network powered by human intelligence and asynchronous (非同时
发生的) interactions. The journey 7 take becomes a story of people’s willingness 8 (engage)
with a creature that mirrors human characteristics of being easily harmed, of being lost, and of having intention
9 the means of achieving the goal alone. 10 each encounter with an empathetic pedestrian takes a
Tween bot one step closer to reaching its destination, the significance of our random discoveries and individual
actions builds up into a story about a vast space made small by an even smaller robot.
【答案】
1．displayed 2．placed 3．Each time/Every time 4．would 5．sending 6．from
7．they 8．to engage 9．without 10．As
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者在华盛顿广场公园进行的Tween bot 实验，展示了
简单科技物体如何通过人类互动创建复杂网络，强调了人类善意和个体行动的重要性。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：Tween bots 以恒定的速度直线滚动，它们的旗帜上显示着目的地，依靠遇到
的行人来读取旗帜并指引它们朝正确的方向前进以到达目的地。“have sth. done”是固定结构，意为“使
某事被做”，其中过去分词作宾语补足语，表示被动和完成的动作。所以这里用display 的过去分词
displayed，表示“目的地被显示在旗帜上”。故填displayed。
2．考查时态。句意：在一个阳光明媚的夏日，我走到华盛顿广场公园，把我的第一个Tween bot 放在人行
道上，然后走开了。“and”连接三个并列的动作，根据“walked out”和“walked away”可知，句子时态是
一般过去时，所以这里用place 的过去式placed 作谓语。故填placed。
3．考查状语从句。句意：每次Tween bot 被卡在公园长椅下，徒劳地撞在路缘上，或者掉进坑洞里时，总
会有过路人把它救出来，送它朝目标前进。“_____ a Tweenbot got caught under a park bench”是时间状
语从句，结合句意，表示“每次……的时候”，用each time 或者every time 引导该从句，且句首单词首字
母大写。故填Each time/Every time。
4．考查情态动词。句意：人们常常会无视把Tween bot 指向“正确”方向的指示，如果那个方向意味着把
机器人送入危险的境地的话。“if that direction meant _____ (send) the robot into a dangerous situation”是
条件状语从句，结合句意，表示“人们过去常常无视指示”，用情态动词would 表示过去的习惯性动作。
故填would。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：人们常常会无视把Tween bot 指向“正确”方向的指示，如果那个方向意味着
把机器人送入危险的境地的话。“meant”是谓语动词，空格处用非谓语动词作宾语，mean doing sth.是固
定用法，意为“意味着做某事”，所以这里用send 的动名词形式sending 作宾语。故填sending。
6．考查介词。句意：一个人把机器人转回它刚来的方向，大声对Tween bot 说：“你不能走那条路，那是
通向马路的。”“the direction _____ which it had just come”是定语从句，修饰先行词direction，结合句
意，表示“它刚来的方向”，用“from which”引导定语从句，from 表示“从……”，符合语境。故填
from。
7．考查代词。句意：他们所走的旅程变成了一个关于人们愿意与一个容易受到伤害、容易迷路、有意图
但没有实现目标手段的生物互动的故事。“_____ take”是省略关系代词的限制定语从句，空格处单词作定
语从句中的主语，指代上文提到的“Tween bots”，用人称代词they 作主语。故填they。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们所走的旅程变成了一个关于人们愿意与一个容易受到伤害、容易迷路、
有意图但没有实现目标手段的生物互动的故事。“willingness”是名词，后面通常接不定式作后置定语，表
示“愿意做某事”，所以这里用to engage 作后置定语，修饰willingness。故填to engage。
9．考查介词。句意：他们所走的旅程变成了一个关于人们愿意与一个容易受到伤害、容易迷路、有意图
但没有实现目标手段的生物互动的故事。根据句意和空格后的“the means of achieving the goal alone”可知，
这里表示“没有实现目标的手段”，用介词without 表示“没有”。故填without。
10．考查状语从句。句意：随着每次与有同情心的行人的相遇，Tween bot 离到达目的地又近了一步，我
们随机发现和个体行动的意义汇聚成了一个关于一个更小的机器人使广阔空间变小的故事。“ _____ each
encounter with an empathetic pedestrian takes a Tween bot one step closer to reaching its destination” 是时
间状语从句，结合句意，表示“随着……”，用as 引导该从句，且句首单词首字母大写。故填As。
【16】（25-26 高三上·上海浦东新·月考）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make
the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper
form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
This Microchip (微芯片) Is an MVP
The newest soccer technology aims to make life easier for referees (裁判), but it might be a bit unsettling for
players. Imagine 1 (have) a tiny electronic chip under your skin, and that’s exactly what soccer
organizations around the world are testing with professional players. These small chips 2 (implant) just
under the skin, usually on the back of the shoulder, through a procedure that is nearly painless and done by a doctor.
During a soccer game, sensors placed around the field track the location of every player’s chip. There’s also
another chip inside the soccer ball. This setup allows a computer to analyze all this information in real-time. One
major benefit of this technology is that it can instantly tell 3 a player is offside. In soccer, an offensive
player isn’t allowed to position 4 behind all the other team’s defensive players and wait for a pass. This rule
is called the offside rule, and it can be really hard for referees to judge accurately. But 5 these microchips, a
computer can make the call with perfect precision every time.
These chips are designed 6 (stay) inside a player’s body harmlessly for several years. This means
players won’t have to worry about getting the chips 7 (replace) often. The introduction of this technology
promises to make soccer games fairer and more accurate. Referees will find their job easier with fewer mistakes in
making offside calls, 8 can often be controversial.
9 referees will definitely appreciate the help from this new technology, players might take some time
to get used to having chips under their skin. Despite this, the potential for more accurately judged games 10
(be) a big step forward for soccer. This technology could revolutionize the sport, making it fairer and more
enjoyable for players and fans alike.
【答案】
1．having 2．are implanted 3．when 4．themselves 5．with 6．to stay 7．
replaced 8．which 9．While 10．is
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了足球领域最新的一项技术，即在职业球员肩部下方植入微芯片，
这项技术旨在帮助裁判更准确地判断球员是否越位，使足球比赛更加公平公正。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：想象一下在你的皮肤下有一个微小的电子芯片，这正是世界各地的足球组织
正在对职业球员进行的测试。imagine doing sth 为固定短语，意为“想象做某事”，所以此处应用have 的
动名词形式作宾语。故填having。
2．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这些小芯片通过医生进行的几乎无痛的手术，被植入皮肤下，通
常是在肩部后方。根据上下文语境可知，此处是对芯片植入这一客观事实的描述，应用一般现在时，主语
These small chips 和动词implant 之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语为复数，be 动词应用are。故填
are implanted。
3．考查宾语从句。句意：这项技术的一个主要好处是，它可以立即判断出球员何时越位。分析句子结构
可知，此处引导tell 的宾语从句，从句中缺少时间状语，表示“何时”，应用when 引导。故填when。
4．考查反身代词。句意：在足球比赛中，进攻球员不允许将自己置于对方所有防守球员之后等待传球。
根据句意可知，此处表示进攻球员将自己置于对方所有防守球员之后，应用反身代词themselves 作
position 的宾语，指代主语player 本身。故填themselves。
5．考查介词。句意：但是有了这些微芯片，计算机每次都能做出完全精确的判罚。根据句意可知，此处
表示“拥有；借助”，应用介词with，with these microchips 在句中作状语。故填with。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些芯片设计为可在球员体内无害地留存数年。be designed to do sth 为固定
短语，意为“被设计用来做某事”，所以此处应用stay 的不定式形式。故填to stay。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：这意味着球员不必担心经常更换芯片。根据语意可知，此处意为“不必担心
芯片被更换”，应用replace 的过去分词形式作get 的宾语补足语，表示被动，构成get sth. done 固定结构，
意为“使某物被……”。故填replaced。
8．考查定语从句。句意：裁判在做出越位判罚时会更容易，犯的错误也会更少，而这些判罚往往会引起
争议。此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词offside calls，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代
词which 来引导。故填which。
9．考查连词。句意：虽然裁判肯定会感激这项新技术的帮助，但球员可能需要一些时间来适应皮肤下的
芯片。根据句意可知，此处表示“虽然裁判肯定会感激这项新技术的帮助”，应用while 引导让步状语从
句，意为“虽然；尽管”，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填While。
10．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：尽管如此，对于足球来说，更准确地判罚比赛的潜力是一大进步。根据
上下文语境可知，此处是对客观事实的描述，应用一般现在时，主语potential 为不可数名词，be 动词应用
is。故填is。
