专题17 定语从句
内容导航
01
命题透视·考情前瞻
对标素养，研判高考命题趋势
02
思维建模·脉络梳理
搭建知识框架，构建系统思维
03
考点精讲·靶向突破
拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式
考点一 定语从句的基本知识
知识解构 知识点1 定语从句的定义 知识点2 先行词 知识点3 定语从句的位置 知识点4 定语从句的类别
知识点5 关系词的三大作用 知识点6 分割型定语从句
考向破译 考向 1 考查限制性定语从句 考向02 考查非限制性定语从句
考点二 关系代词which 的用法
知识解构 知识点1 引导非限制性定语从句 知识点2 “介词 + which”是定语从句考查的难点 知识点3
引导限制性定语从句。
考向破译
考向01 考查which 引导的非限制性定语从句 考向02 考查“介词 + which”引导的定语从句 考向
03 考查which 引导的限制性定语从句
考点三 关系代词that 的用法
知识解构 知识点1 先行词是不定代词时的用法 知识点2 先行词被all, only, very, no 等限定词修饰时 知识
点3 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时 知识点4 先行词中既为人又为表示物的名词时 知识点5 表示过去计划
或安排在将来会发生的动作
考向破译
考向01 考查只能用that 的用法 考向02 考查可以用that 的情况
考点四 关系代词who, whom, whose 的用法
知识解构 知识点1 whom 的用法 知识点2 whose 的用法 知识点3 who 的用法
考向破译
考向01 考查whose 的用法 考向02 考查whom 的用法 考向03 考查who 的用法
考点五 关系副词when, where, why 的用法
知识解构 知识点1 关系副词when 的用法 知识点2 关系副词where 的用法 知识点3 关系副词why 的用法
考向破译
考向01 考查when 的用法 考向02 考查where 的用法 考向03 考查why 的用法
考点六 关系代词as 引导的定语从句
知识解构 知识点1 as 引导限制性定语从句的用法 知识点2 as 引导非限制性定语从句的用法
考向破译
考向01 考查as 引导的限制性定语从句 考向02 考查as 引导非限制性定语从句
考点七 定语从句中的主谓一致
知识解构 知识点1 在定语从句中，谓语动词的单数，复数依据它所修饰的先行词 知识点2 One of +the+复数名
词+定语从句，谓语动词用复数，the only one of +the 复数名词+定语从句，谓语动词用单数。
考向破译
考向 考查定语从句中的主谓一致
考点八 定语从句中和其他从句的区别
知识解构 知识点1 定语从句和同位语从句 知识点2 定语从句和名词性从句 知识点3 定语从句和强调句型
考向破译
考向 考查定语从句与其他从句的区别
考点九 定语从句思维建模
命题透视·考情前瞻
——对标素养，研判高考命题趋势
核心考点
2026 年
2025 年
2024 年
非限制性
定语从句
关系代词
（2026·全国II 卷）which
（2025·全国一卷）
which（2025 浙江1 月
卷）which（2025·北京
卷）which
（2024 新课标II 卷）
who
（2024·北京卷）who
关系副词
（2025·全国二卷）
where
限制性定
语从句
关系代词
（2026·全国I 卷）
that/which
（2026 年1 月浙江卷）
that/which
（2026·天津第一次高考）
that
（2024 新课标II 卷）
which/that（2024 全国甲
卷）which（2024 浙江1
月卷）which/that
关系副词
考情分析
分析近年高考真题可知，近年来，高考对定语从句主要考查以下几点：
1. 考查定语从句关系代词that, which 的用法区别。
2. 考查定语从句关系代词who, whom, whose, as 的用法及区别。
3.考查定语从句关系副词when, where, why 的用法区别。
4.考查定语从句主谓一致的用法。
5. 考查定语从句“介词+关系代词”的用法，尤其是关系代词which 和whom 的选
择。
6.应用文写作和读后续写学会使用定语从句能够提高句子表达力，提升文章档次。
复习目标
1.熟练掌握关系代词的用法
2.分析并掌握关系副词的用法
3.重点掌握介词+关系代词的用法
4.掌握定语从句中的主谓一致及与其他从句的区别
思维建模·脉络梳理
04
真题溯源·考向感知
溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向
——搭建知识框架，构建系统思维
考点精讲·靶向突破
——拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式
考点一 定语从句的基本知识
知●识●解●构
知识点1 定语从句的定义：在复合句中，修饰限定某一名词(或代词)的句子，叫定语从句。定语从
句在复合句中相当于形容词，在句中作定语，故又称为形容词性从句。
知识点2 先行词：指被定语从句修饰的名词或代词，通常为名词（如人、物、地点、时间等），也
可以是整个主句的内容。
知识点3 位置：定语从句常置于被修饰词之后；as 引导的非限制性定语从句可置于主句前、句中，
也可置于主句之后。
知识点4 类别：定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两类。限制性定语从句是先行词
不可缺少的部分，去掉后句意不完整，无逗号。非限制性定语从句与先行词关系不密切，是一种补充说
明，删除后不影响整个意思的表达，一般用逗号分开。
限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
与先行词关系密切，删除后影响整个意思的表
达，不用逗号分开。只可修饰名词或代词，不修
饰句子。
Those who are for the plan raise your hands, please.
请支持这个计划的人举手。
Doctors found a cure for the animals that had
gone savage, and Mr. Otterton went home to his
family.
医生们为那些行为变得野蛮的动物找到了治疗方
法，奥特顿先生也回到了家人身边。
与先行词关系不密切，是一种补充说明，删除后不影
响整个意思的表达，一般用逗号分开。不可用关系代
词that，关系代词不可省略，既可修饰名词或代词，
也可修饰句子，用逗号分开。
Zootopia was a modern city, where animals of
every shape and size lived together peacefully.动物城
是一座现代化都市，各种形态和体型的动物在这里和
谐共处。
Zo
知识点5 关系词：关系词的三大作用
①替代作用：在定语从句中替代先行词。
②成分作用：在定语从句中充当句子成分。
③连接作用：连接主句和定语从句。
知识点6 分割型定语从句：指先行词与定语从句之间被其他成分（如谓语动词、介词短语等）隔开的
结构。这种分隔是为了避免句子头重脚轻原则（将较长成分置于句尾）。
The days (are gone)when we had to rely on manual labor.
He is the only person (in the company)who can solve this problem.
考●向●破●译
考向1 考查限制性定语从句
关系代词/副词
先行词
在从句中的作用
who
人
主语、宾语
whom
人
宾语
which
物
主语、宾语
that
人或物
主语、宾语、表语、状语
whose
人或物
定语
as
人或物
主语、宾语、表语
when
时间名词
时间状语
where
地点名词或抽象名词(situation，point，activity，case，
stage 等)
地点状语
why
the reason
原因状语
1．Last weekend my roommates and I talked about the happy days we had in college.
2．By understanding the history, types, and selection methods of down jackets, you can find the most suitable one
for you will keep you warm and fashionable in the cold winter.
3．The lively displays of these lanterns create a magical atmosphere attracts tourists and locals alike.
4．The new library was built last year provides us with a quiet and comfortable place to study every
day.
考向2 考查非限制性定语从句
1． the Chinese philosopher Laozi wrote, “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.”
2．The writer, works are popular among teenagers, will be invited to give a lecture on his way to
success this Friday.
3．By the end of August, the project conducted nearly 40 one-day wild mushroom collection tours, serving nearly
800 tourists, more than 95 percent of are from outside the province.
4.Besides scientific missions, the crew also gave two live science lectures from the space station, during
they conducted various experiments and answered questions from students watching the class on Earth.
考点二 考查关系代词which 的用法（高考最高频考点）
知●识●解●构
知识点1 引导非限定性定语从句（用逗号和主句分隔），先行词可以是一个名词，也可以指代前
面整个主句的内容。
1．Besides vast rural farmlands lies advanced modern equipment for precision farming, works
efficiently as long as we make full use of digital technology.
2．These intelligent devices enable scientific fertilization and irrigation, minimizing resource waste while
maximizing crop yields in an eco-friendly manner, also helps protect the delicate ecological
environment in rural areas.
3．Some old streets with unique regional features, have been renovated for jogging, attract more fitness
lovers every day.
知识点2 “介词 + which”是定语从句考查的难点（注意：要用恰当的介词）
1．The volunteers, whom the community has always been grateful, helped rebuild the park after the
flood.
2．The Central Axis dates back to the Yuan Dynasty, while its length was extended in the Ming and Qing
dynasties. It is an epitome (缩影) of traditional city design, in the central position is the emphasis,
indicating the purpose of constructing social order and standardizing social life through the city layout.
3．There are many new teachers in our school now, of many once worked in the western provinces.
知识点3 引导限定性定语从句（不用逗号分隔）,先行词指物，对句子意思的表达起着关键作
用。
1．The reason the teacher explained at the meeting convinced all of us.
2．The factory has developed a new type of product has been popular since its launch.
3．The main street is lined with small stands and shops sell almost anything you can imagine.
1.只用which，不能用that 的情况
（1） 在介词提前到关系代词之前形成“介词＋关系代词”结构来修饰表事物的先行词时， 关系代
词必须用which.如：
☞The house in which we live is very large. 我们住的房子非常大。
☞This is the reference book of which the teacher is speaking.
这就是老师正在谈及的那本参考书。
注意： 如果介词不放在修饰事物的限定性定语从句的句首， which 就可换为that， 如：
☞This is the question which/that we’ve had so much discussion about. =This is the question about
which we’ve had so much discussion. 这就是我们已经多次讨论过的问题。
（2） 先行词为“those＋表事物的复数名词”时， 关系代词通常只用which 而不用that.例如：
☞Students should keep in mind those regulations which restrict their behavior.
学生应牢记那些规范自己的行为准则。
☞A bookshop should deal with a variety of those best sellers which are newly published.
书店应该经营新出版的各种畅销书。
（3）当先行词指物，关系词在句中作主语或宾语，引导非限制性定语从句的关系词只能用which，而
不用that。
2.空格前出现逗号，未必后边就用关系代词which, 也可能用关系代词whom（先行词指人）或where
（定语从句不缺少主语或宾语）
考●向●破●译
考向一 考查which 引导的非限制性定语从句
1.（2026·河南省百师联盟模拟预测）As The Guardian noted, toy robot dogs are already part of daily life in
China. On the streets of Shanghai, a woman was seen walking her robot dog, was helpfully carrying a
basket for shopping on its back.
2.（2026·云南省高三第二次模拟） This inclusiveness has enabled taijiquan to attract hundreds of millions of
practitioners across more than 180 countries and regions, is particularly valuable in today’s divided
world.
3．She deeply missed the warmth of home and her family, eventually led her to make a life-changing
decision in 2016.
4．Health education will be integrated into the national education system, will attract wide attention.
考向二 考查“介词 + which”引导的定语从句（包括限制性和非限制性定语从句）
1.（2026·四川省遂宁市二诊）It records more than 550 mountains, 300 seas, and countless strange creatures with
unique features, many of are half-human and half-animal, like the nine-tailed fox and the dragon-like
beasts having magical powers.
2．Heritage sites not only often provide answers to questions, but also often pose questions to there are
no definitive answers at the moment.
3．Acquiring knowledge is not only a means which you can better understand the world, but also a
way of appreciating how much you do not know.
3．To solve the problem and protect the ecosystem of the Yangtze River, China has introduced several innovative
measures, one of is the river and lake chief system.
考向三 考查which 引导的限制性定语从句
1．Recently, many Western musical artists have released their live albums — a format has seemingly
lost its appeal.
2．Keeping seniors close to their original communities helps preserve their routines and interests once
brought them joy and well-being at home.
3．He couldn’t forget the reason the survivor mentioned for surviving the earthquake — staying calm.
4．Occasions I truly treasure are rare, which makes them all the more special. （用适当的词填空）
考点三 考查关系代词that 的用法（高考最高频考点）
知●识●解●构
知识点1 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much, few, none
等不定代词时。
1．There is nothing can strengthen the bond between cultures better than communication.
2．During the recent investigation, the archaeologists found something fascinating completely challenged
their understanding of the ancient dynasty.
知识点2 先行词被all, only, very, no 等限定词修饰时。
1．This is the very book can help you improve your writing skills quickly.
2．Is this the very article about environmental protection you think is worth reading and discussing?
知识点3 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。
1．Guilin is the most beautiful place people all over the world want to visit.
2．This is the first painting I have ever bought with my own money.
知识点4 先行词中既为人又为表示物的名词时。
We talked about the people and the things we saw during the trip to the countryside.
1.关系代词that 作主语时不能省略，作宾语时可以省略。
The book (that) I read last night was fascinating. 我昨晚读的书很精彩。
2.意that 不能用于非限制性定语从句，前边有逗号为标志。
He was late again, which made his teacher very angry.他又迟到了，这次这让他的老师非常生气。
考●向●破●译
考向一 考查只能用that 的用法
1．I will never forget the people and things appear in my high school life.
2．Their primary school teachers and their lessons they were fond of influenced their lives.
3．It was the only ancient town in Shanghai made the top 10 list for foreign tourists.(用适当的词填空)
4．When you plan an exercise routine, the first thing you need to consider is what you expect to
improve.
考向二 考查可以用that 的情况。
1．The afternoon we spent planting trees in the park was very meaningful.
2．He, along with two other engineers, developed the telegraph and the code use a set of dots and
dashes or short and long pulses to represent each letter of the English alphabet.
3．Recently she co-directed a “campus Peking Opera” was attractive to students.
考点四 考查关系代词who, whom, whose 的用法
知●识●解●构
知识点1 whom 用作关系代词，在定语从句中作宾语，先行词指人，可以与that，who 替
换。作宾语，可以省略。作介词宾语时，只能用whom。
1．The young man I work with is friendly.
2．The girl you talked with at the party is good at writing English compositions.
3．The boy with my mother is talking is my cousin.
4．No one enjoys working with the person we are often laughed at by.
5．I encountered an old friend from I had parted for many years. (所给词的适当形式填空)
知识点2 whose 既可指人又可指物，在定语从句中作定语。在非限制性定语从句中，
whose 修饰物时，“whose＋名词”可用“the＋名词＋of which”或“of which＋the＋名
词”来代替。
1．To the citizens of Guangzhou, this tree is more than a plant; it is a beloved family member well-
being connects the city’s past and future.
2．In the early winter of southern Hubei, more than a dozen Belt and Road media representatives from different
countries arrived in Chibi — an ancient city heritage includes both the battlefield memories of the
Three Kingdoms and the enduring legacy of tea.
3．With the help of curriculum reform, students enjoy a variety of after-school activities, which
up to half are aimed at strengthening their physical strength and building up their confidence.
4．It is reported that 45 Dawenkou culture tombs were newly discovered at the Wangzhuang site, 27 of
have already been excavated.
知识点3 who 用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语，先行词指人，可以与that 替换。注
意Anyone who…以及Those who…句型。
1．Besides, those are feeling down can go for a run to cheer themselves up.
2．The student you helped with homework yesterday won the scholarship.
3．We don’t know the number of people lost their homes in the disaster.
考●向●破●译
考向一 考查whose 的用法
1．This is the scientist work has greatly promoted local medical development.
2．Those good deeds always set good examples for others are worth our respect.
3．The old temple walls are covered with green trees stands at the foot of the mountain.
4．The music teacher piano lessons were always filled with laughter would treat us to homemade
cookies after we mastered a difficult piece.
5．The scientist made an important discovery, the importance of was not recognized immediately.
6．The church, which the ceiling was covered with colourful designs and pictures, was pulled down by
the workers last week.
考向二 考查whom 的用法
1．At night, there is no one in the street to you can turn for help.
2．I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school I met in the English speech
contest last year.
3．The gentleman, I had been calling “sir” during the whole interview, was wearing a skirt.
4．The man with you shook hands just now is our project manager.
考向三 考查who 的用法
1．I cherish the precious time with my classmates accompany and encourage me all the way.
2．Digitalization has made cultural heritage more accessible to the public, particularly to people living in rural
areas would otherwise be unable to visit these sites in person.
3．However, those don’t screen incoming ideas will end up believing things not only false, but also
dangerous.
考点五 考查关系副词when, where, why 的用法
知●识●解●构
知识点1 when 用作关系副词，在定语从句作时间状语。其先行词是具体时间名词，如day,
month, year；还可以是抽象名词，如age, stay, occasion 等。
1．I still remember the festival we enjoyed various performances.
2．There are occasions silence is better than words.
3．We have entered an age many things are done by smart phones.
4．He is looking forward to next semester he will major in Classical Foreign Literature.
当 time 表示“次数”时，用 that 引导从句（可省略）；当 time 表示“时间”时，用 when 引导从
句。
This is the first time that I’ve heard this song.
I’ll never forget the time when we worked together in the village.。
知识点2 where 用作关系副词，在定语从句作地点状语。注意定语从句可能是主谓结构或主谓宾结
构。其先行词既可以是具体地点名词，如school, museum, centre；还可以是抽象名词，如point,
case, situation, stage, race, position, job 等。
1．The English play there were many kids at the New Year’s party was a great success.
2．We’ll all experience a point we choose kindness over anger, and that choice brings us closer
together.
3．The journey marks a new milestone, demonstrating how China’s cultural works are crafted for the world. As the
strings vibrate, they signal a future platform cultural dialogue is enriched.
知识点3 why 用作关系副词，在定语从句作原因状语。why 还可以用于The reason why…is
that…句型。注意如果定语从句谓语动词是及物动词，则应用关系代词。
1．The reason we organize monthly garbage-sorting lectures is many students still don’t
know how to classify waste properly.
2．The professor patiently explained the real reason the ancient writing system had remained stable for
thousands of years despite countless wars and migrations.
考●向●破●译
考向一 考查关系副词when 的用法
1．Qingming usually falls in early April, the weather starts to get warm and the trees turn green.
2．The best time to visit Disneyland is during the summer and holidays, Disneyland hours are the
longest, meaning more hours to play, more things to do, and more rides to experience.
3．We finally reached the small town at midnight, the whole area was covered in quiet darkness.
4．We live in an age much information is available more easily than ever before.
5．In the summer, a season heat slows our thoughts and lengthens our days, many of us find freedom in
bare feet and cool water.
6．Festivals are special occasions we learn to appreciate the true meaning of life.
考向二 考查关系副词where 的用法
1．The road not taken precisely describes a circumstance a person, faced with critical choices, bravely
took the one less travelled by.
2．Many families are not trapped in poverty, but in a subtle situation emotional communication
gradually fades amid busy daily routines.
3．The term “Wen Fang” refers to a reading room or a study intellectuals in ancient times could enjoy a
peaceful moment alone.
4．In Chinese tradition exists what is known as the “medicinal and edible homology” system,
ingredients commonly used in cooking help regulate our bodily function and provide timely body care.
5．Now the “Rewilding Portugal” project, tourists help restore degraded farmland by planting native
trees, turns tourists into active participants in repairing the planet.
考向三 考查关系副词why 的用法
1．I don’t know the reason she got so angry this morning.
2．This could be the reason students who sit here often get lower grades on tests and exams.
3．Being committed to his dream, in my opinion, is the reason he can succeed in the end.
4．The little girl donated all her pocket money to the charity, for the volunteers expressed their sincere
gratitude to her.
在非限制性定语从句中，不能用why，要用for which。当先行词是表示原因的抽象名词且在从句中作
主语、宾语等成分，则需要用which 等关系代词引导。
He didn't attend the meeting, which is the reason why we had to put off the discussion.（他没参加会议，这
就是我们不得不推迟讨论的原因）
在实际使用中，why 引导非限制性定语从句的情况并不常见，更多会用for which 或者which 来替代，
比如上面的句子也可以改写为：He didn't attend the meeting, for which we had to put off the discussion. 或者
He didn't attend the meeting, which made us have to put off the discussion.
考点六 关系代词as 引导的定语从句
知●识●解●构
知识点1 as 引导限制性定语从句的用法
as 用作关系代词，引导限制性定语从句，作从句的主语、宾语或表语，as 不可省略，用于such…as…, so…
as…, the same…as…句型。
They could only read such stories as had been rewritten in simple English.(as 作主语)
他们只能读类似这样的一些用简易英语改写的故事。
These houses are sold at such a low price as people expected.(as 作宾语)
这些房子以人们期望的低价出售。
This is the same knife as I lost.(as 作宾语)
这把小刀和我丢的那把很相似。
1：the same…as…强调“和……是同一类”；the same…that…强调“和……是同一个”。
This is the same dictionary as I lost yesterday. 这本词典和我昨天丢的那本一样。（不是同一本词典）
He is the same boy that helped me yesterday. 他是昨天帮过我的那个男孩。（指同一个男孩）
2：so…that…, such…that…引导结果状语从句，that 只起连接作用不作句子成分。
She is such a kind girl that many students like her.
她是个善良的女孩所以很多学生喜欢她。(状语从句是完整的，前面的that 只起引导作用，不作成
分。)
She is such a kind girl as many students like.
她是个善良的女孩所以很多学生喜欢她。(定语从句缺少宾语，前面的as 代替先行词girl，作宾语。)
知识点2 as 引导非限制性定语从句的用法
as 用作关系代词，引导非限制性定语从；as 从句位于主句的前、中、后，强调前后逻辑一致，表示“正
如……；从句多含有see, know, expect, tell, report 等动词。
☛As is known to all, fish can’t live without water. 众所周知，鱼离开水无法生存。
☛Air, as we know, is gas. 正如我们所知，空气是气体。
☛The material is elastic, as (was) shown in the figure. 这种材料是有弹性的，正如图中所示。
which 和as 引导非限制性定语从句用法区别：
①位置上：which 从句只能位于主句之后，as 从句位于主句的前、中、后；
②逻辑上：which 强调前后不一；as 强调前后逻辑一致，“正如”；
③句式上：当非限制性定语从句是否定句或表示否定意义时，只能用which；as 多用于as we all
know/see, as is often the case with sb 等句型。
As is often the case, girls like dolls while boys like guns. 女孩子喜欢玩具而男孩子喜欢枪，这是常见的情
况。
He sold his new car, which made me surprised. 他把车卖掉，这让我很吃惊。
考●向●破●译
考向一 考查as 引导的限制性定语从句
1．Edward is such a good teacher every student respects.
2．The school organized so meaningful an activity left a deep impression on all the students.
3．To tell the truth, this is not so difficult an examination we had expected.
4．The little girl has the same optimistic personality her mother used to have when she was young.
考向二 考查as 引导的非限制性定语从句
1． is often the case with beginners, he made several grammatical errors in his composition.
2． is known to all, reading widely contributes greatly to our writing ability in senior high school.
3． is generally accepted, a balanced diet is important for maintaining good health.
4．The number of students, you can see from the chart, is increasing year by year.
5．While more notes are beneficial, if the notes are taken mindlessly, is often the case on a laptop, the
benefit disappears.
考点七 考查定语从句中的主谓一致问题
知●识●解●构
知识点1 在定语从句中，谓语动词的单数，复数依据它所修饰的先行词。
I, who am your teacher, will help you with everything.
He who breaks the school rules should be punished.
Those who break the school rules should be punished.
Anyone who breaks the school rules should be punished.
知识点2 One of +the+复数名词+定语从句，谓语动词用复数，the only one of +the 复数名词+定语
从句，谓语动词用单数。
He is one of the teachers in our school who teach well.
He is the only one of the teachers in our school who teaches well.
考●向●破●译
考向 考查定语从句中的主谓一致
1.（2020 江苏卷）If you look at all sides of the situation, you’ll find probably a solution that ___________
everyone.
2. This is one of the best novels that ___________ (publish) this year.
3. She is the only one of the girls in our class who ___________ (win) the prize so far.
考点八 定语从句中和其他从句的区别
知●识●解●构
知识点1 定语从句和同位语从句的区别
定语从句是缺成分的句子，先行词一定在句中作成分，对前边的先行词起修饰限制作用；同位语从句对前
边的名词起解释说明作用，且连接词不能省略，同位语从句是一个完整的句子和前面的名词之间是对等关
系。
The news that our director will go to America is true.我们的主任即将赴美的消息是真的。
（that 引导同位语从句，且that 不作句子成分）
The news that I have just heard is true.我们听到的这个消息是真的。（that 引导定语从句，且that 作从句的
宾语）
I have no idea when he will be back. 我不知道他什么时候回来。（同位语从句，when 表示疑问意思）
I will never forget the days when I worked with them. 我永远不会忘记同他们一起工作的日子。（定语
从句，when 不表示疑问意思）
知识点2 定语从句和名词性从句的区别
定语从句和名词性从句易混点主要集中在介词之后所接从句的理解。
A new museum will be built in what used to be a wasteland. （宾语从句）
A new museum will be built in the place that used to be a wasteland. （定语从句）
A new museum will be built where it used to be a wasteland. （状语从句）
一座新博物馆将建在曾经是一片荒地的地方。
知识点3 定语从句和状语从句
定语从句和状语从句易混点主要在于so….as/that, such…as/that…句型区别。
This is such an interesting movie as I have never seen before.
这是一部我从未看过的如此有趣的电影。
The math problem was so difficult that no one could solve it.
这道数学题太难了，以至于没人能解出来。
知识点4 定语从句和强调句型
有时候用于It was+被强调部分+定语从句+that….，把定语从句和强调句型结合在一起。
It was the girl who won the first prize that received the scholarship.
正是那个获得一等奖的女孩拿到了奖学金。
It was at the school where my mother works that I met the famous writer.
正是在我母亲工作的那所学校里，我遇见了那位著名作家。
考●向●破●译
考向 考查定语从句与其他从句的区别
1.The fact
he had never received any formal training in music made his success even more remarkable.
2.I can not accept the fact ________he told me yesterday in the office.
3．By the time the girl finally left, Tom was still so annoyed _______ he had to take a 5-minute break before he
could get back to his essay.
4．It is in the library where we often study I find my true enthusiasm for learning.
5．It was during the 2025 Spring Festival travel rush, which was expected to see a record 9 billion domestic
journeys, the government rolled out various measures to ensure smooth transportation.
6．The circular economy, which reduces waste and reuses materials, represents the essence of
environmentalists call a sustainable industrial model.
7．Judging from my own experience, I want to say a few words to those who have the same trouble I
have.
8．You’d better let the children read such books will make them better and cleverer.
考点九 定语从句思维建模
定语从句考点的解题关键：
1．认识主句结构
主句结构完整，定语从句通常是修饰、说明和限制主句中的主语、宾语或表语。
2．避免成分重复
在定语从句中，不管是关系代词还是关系副词，都已经代替先行词在定语从句中充当了某一成分，关
系代词通常充当主语、宾语、表语等；关系副词通常充当状语。因此，定语从句中不能再出现与关系代词
或关系副词相重复的成分。
3．确定句子成分
首先要结合选项对题干进行整体感知，确定定语从句的位置及其涉及的内容；其次，根据定语从句中
所缺少的成分，分析关系词在定语从句中所作的成分，然后选出正确的选项。
4．弄清逻辑线索
在突破有关“介词＋关系代词”类型的定语从句试题时，一方面，分析定语从句中的谓语动词(该动词
是不及物动词)习惯上常与什么介词搭配使用。另一方面，要考虑和先行词的搭配习惯。弄清“动词——介
词——先行词”的线索对正确地确定介词非常关键。
5．“分隔式”定语从句
先行词和从句部分被谓语或状语等成分分隔时，应先把“分隔”成分分离出来，简化题干结构，再分
析解答。
6．留心标点符号
有无逗号把定语从句分为限制性和非限制性两种。充分运用逗号所表达的逻辑结构和意义，对正确掌
握定语从句、准确理解语境意义很有帮助。
7．注意三大从句的区别
定语从句前必须有先行词；状语从句修饰谓语动词或整个句子；而名词性从句则是单独充当主语、表
语、宾语或同位语。
8．弄清位置和意义
在as 或which 引导的定语从句中，要注意两者引导的定语从句在整句中的位置；注意两者在翻译时的
不同表达。
定语从句考点的解题注意事项：
1．确定是定语从句
空处无提示词，且空前的主句完整；空后的句子不完整，且对空前的某一名词或代词起限定作用，就
要考虑填定语从句关系词。
2．掌握三步法解题技巧
(1)分清限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句。
①先行词的后面出现逗号，是非限制性定语从句。
that
②
不能引导非限制性定语从句。
which
③
引导非限制性定语从句，可以代表主句的全部或部分内容；代表整个主句时，which 意为“这
一点”。
as
④
引导非限制性定语从句，可置于句中或句首，意为“正如”。其后的谓语动词多是be seen, be
known, be reported, be mentioned, be said, be often the case 等。
(2)寻找先行词，判断属性(指人还是指物，表示时间，地点，还是原因)。
①先行词指人：that/who/whom/whose；
②先行词指物：that/which/whose；
③表示时间/地点/原因：when/where/why。
(3)判断定语从句所缺成分，确定关系词。
①缺少主语：that/which/who；
②缺少动词的宾语：that/which/who/whom；
③缺少定语：whose；
④缺少时间、地点或原因状语时分别用when、where、why。
1．that 与which 的区别
(1)只用which 不用that 的情况：
①当关系代词前面有介词或介词短语时；
②引导非限制性定语从句时。
(2)只用that 不用which 的情况：
①当先行词是all、everything、nothing、something、few、little、much 等不定代词时；
②当先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级或the very、the only、any、the last 等修饰时；
③先行词既有人又有物时。
2．which 与as
关系词
which
as
位置上
只能放在主句的后面
位置灵活，可置于句首、句中，也可置于句末
搭配上
无动词的
限制
谓语动词通常是表示感觉或心理活动的动词，如
see、hear、know、expect、remember 等
意思上
意为“这一点”
表示“正如……”“正像……的那样”
真题溯源·考向感知
——溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向
单句填空 在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
考点01 考查限制性定语从句
1.（2026·全国I 卷）In addition to being venues for buying and selling, daji are occasions for socializing and
entertainment. People from near and far crowd into these markets on daji days. Drawn by the aroma (香味) of
street food, they line up in front of stands ______63______ serve steaming dumplings and hot noodle soup.
2.（2026 年1 月浙江卷）The microwave had a loud alarm, but we overshadowed that noise with our own
performance, tipping our heads back and shouting into the air——a scream 41 always ended in laughter.
3.（2026·天津第一次高考改编）4.The athletes showed the skills and determination ______ carry them through
every game.
4.（2024 新课标I 卷）The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the
plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route
64 brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening
in England.
5.（2024 浙江1 月卷）Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way _________ will make
them the most money.
考点02 考查非限制性定语从句
1.（2026·全国II 卷）We move on to tai chi positions, of 61 there are forty-two in the style that Angela
teaches. Today, we will only be doing the first nine.
2.（2025 全国二卷）Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his
family, 56 bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range,
and central heating doesn’t exist.
3.（2025 北京卷）However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists left over 1.3 billion tons of
food waste last year, 19 accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024.
4.（2024 全国甲卷）Yellowstone was the largest United States national park - 2.2 million acres - until Wrangell-
Saint Elias in southern Alaska, 70 became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park
in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
5.（2024 新课标II 卷）Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu,
56
is known as
“the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s
hometown.
