【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
考点分类练(十) 主旨大意题(1)
Passage 1 (2024 福建泉州三模)
主题:改造旧飞机 词数:305 难度:★★★☆☆
Bruce Campbell,a retired electrical engineer,wanted to change the behavior of mankind
by showing how we can recycle old things into new- and practical- and livable ones.
For about $220,000,he purchased a Greek airliner—a Boeing 727-400—that logged
about 40,000 flights in its peak.Before Campbell got his hands on his Boeing 727 and
transformed it into the airplane home he lives in,this aircraft saw regular use as it transported
all kinds of people to all sorts of destinations.
After the successful transform,he hosted a big DJ dance party with a couple of
friends.The party,called Turbulence:A Dance Party at a 727 in the Woods,happened right on
the wing!Guests who attended the party also got the opportunity to take a look at the airplane
home.Overall,they got the attention of 14,000 Meta users who were interested in what
sounded like an incredible party.
This talented engineer got another airliner and started on his second airplane home
during the beginning of 2018 on the Kyushu Island coast because he wanted it to serve as a
safe place for the local community as well.Part of Bruce Campbell’s vision was to make an
airliner that doubled as a lifeboat in case tsunami (海啸) threats were issued.He wanted the
general public to find out that planes are capable of surviving hundreds of years and the
cruelest weather conditions thanks to its sealed pressure technology.
Campbell adored the excitement that he received when he recycled airplanes and hoped
that people would seriously consider it after they got the chance to see his home during tours
and events.He has posted on his website that it is his goal to “inspire a renaissance (复兴) of
thought about how to employ this remarkable resource”.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一位退休的电气工程师Bruce
Campbell 把旧飞机改造成家的故事。
1.What drew wide public attention to Campbell’s first transformed plane?
A.Its high residential comfort level.
B.Its remarkable transporting capacity.
C.The incredibly high transformation cost.
D.The Meta post of a party held on it.
答案 D
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【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知,Meta 上举办派对的帖子吸引了公众对
Campbell 第一架改装飞机的广泛关注,故选D 项。
2.What did Campbell think the second plane could serve as?
A.A tsunami warning center.
B.A meeting place for local community.
C.A temporary shelter in disasters.
D.An engineering workshop.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中“This talented engineer got another airliner and started
on his second airplane home...in case tsunami threats were issued.”可知,Campbell 认为第二
架飞机可以用作灾难中的临时避难所,故选C 项。
3.Why did Campbell transform the planes?
A.To direct attention to housing problems.
B.To satisfy his scientific curiosity.
C.To advocate a greener lifestyle.
D.To call for participation in recycling.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段和最后一段内容可知,Campbell 改造飞机是为了呼吁市
民参与循环再造。
4.What is the text mainly about?
A.A former engineer turning retired planes into home.
B.Recent trends of renaissance-themed decoration.
C.A talented home designer receiving online fame.
D.Diverse approaches for sustainable living.
答案 A
解析 主旨大意题。根据全文内容,结合第一段“Bruce Campbell,a retired electrical
engineer,wanted to change the behavior of mankind by showing how we can recycle old
things into new- and practical- and livable ones.”可知,文章主要介绍了一位退休的电气工
程师Bruce Campbell 把旧飞机改造成家的故事,A 项“一位前工程师把退役的飞机变成
了家”能够总结文章大意。
Passage 2 (2024 浙江绍兴二模)
主题:弃用草书 词数:336 难度:★★★☆☆
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
I have always been proud of my handwriting,a skill I was taught in grade school.The
teacher was teaching us the Palmer Penmanship Method,drilling into us the importance of
forming big flowing lines when we wrote g’s and s’s as well as beautiful f’s that in my mind
were like fairy tale princesses wearing fancy hats while extending their right foot.We were
strictly prohibited from using block letters on our homework,as they lack the beauty.
Now it becomes apparent that young people no longer learn cursive(草书).They type
everything,mostly on their phones.Beautiful handwriting is a thing of the past.This has
become a source of great sadness among traditionalists.
But recently something happened that shook my faith in cursive.To my complete
disbelief,not one but two of my close friends complained about the handwriting on my
postcards.They were grateful for the beautiful postcards I regularly sent,but they said they
honestly couldn’t read a thing I had written.One friend went so far as to ask if I could use
block letters next time so that she could understand what I was writing.
Initially,I was angry.I had made the effort to cover an entire postcard with what I viewed
as not just handwriting but calligraphy.But then I showed an English friend a postcard I’d just
written,and he said that the only thing that was readily understandable was the letters
“U.S.A.” The rest of it,he politely suggested,looked like “chicken scrawl”.
Looking at the postcard dispassionately,I unwillingly admit that he has a point.All the
m’s and n’s run together,and the l’s look like l’s.The a’s are indistinguishable from the
q’s.So,from now on,I’m taking their advice and using block letters to communicate.
In fact,I just now sent an old friend a postcard.But this time,I simply wrote—in big
block letters:
DEAR ALICE:
HI.
JOE.
I hope she gets the message.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从小学时对自己的草书书法感
到自豪,到意识到现代趋势使它变得不那么实用和容易理解的过程。尽管作者的朋友们
很欣赏草书的美丽,但看不懂他们手写的明信片,所以为了清晰起见,他决定改用印刷体。
这一转变象征着一个更广泛的社会转变,从手写交流向打字交流转变,显示了传统美感与
实际易读性之间的斗争。
5.What do we know about the Palmer Penmanship Method?
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【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
A.It is characterized by big flowing lines.
B.It is rarely appreciated by traditionalists.
C.It was not allowed in students’ homework.
D.It is viewed as a trend in handwriting styles.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The teacher was teaching us the Palmer Penmanship
Method,drilling into us the importance of forming big flowing lines when we wrote g’s and
s’s as well as beautiful f’s that in my mind were like fairy tale princesses wearing fancy hats
while extending their right foot.”可知,帕尔默书法的特点是线条大而流畅。故选A 项。
6.What weakened the writer’s belief in cursive?
A.The popularity of block letters in recent times.
B.The younger generation’s disinterest in cursive.
C.His friends’ failure to comprehend his postcards.
D.His English friend’s suggestion on postcard design.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知,作者朋友们无法理解他的明信片削弱了作者
对草书的信念。
7.Why did the writer switch to block letters for communication?
A.To deliver his message clearly.
B.To improve his handwriting skills.
C.To win praise from his friends.
D.To show his passion for calligraphy.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可知,作者改用大写字母来交流是为了清楚地
传达他的信息。故选A 项。
8.What is the text mainly about?
A.The wide use of cursive.
B.The sad decline of cursive.
C.The value of preserving cursive.
D.The technique of writing in cursive.
答案 B
解析 主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第二段“Now it becomes apparent that young
people no longer learn cursive.They type everything,mostly on their phones.Beautiful
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
handwriting is a thing of the past.This has become a source of great sadness among
traditionalists.”可知,文章主要讲的是草书可悲的衰落。故选B 项。
Passage 3 (2024 广东江门一模)
主题:环境DNA 技术 词数:345 难度:★★★★☆
Figuring out biodiversity patterns and detecting rare or just-good-at-hiding species has
long posed challenges for ecosystem monitoring and conservation efforts.Traditional survey
methods are labor intensive and cover limited areas.Now,emerging environmental DNA
(eDNA) techniques open new possibilities.
Scientists collect water or soil samples from an environment and extract (提取) any
DNA traces left behind by organisms.This is the environmental DNA (eDNA).They then use
one of the two analysis methods—quantitative PCR (qPCR) or DNA sequencing (DNA 测序).
Similar to virus tests,qPCR is used to detect if a specific species’ DNA is in the sample.For
example,researchers tested river water eDNA to see if endangered fish X was present.When it
was detected,they confirmed that the fish lived in that river without directly seeing it.DNA
sequencing analyzes all DNA in the sample at once.Scientists can then match the DNA
barcodes to databases to identify which species were in the sampled environment.
Although eDNA sampling cannot identify new species or those only known from photos
and videos if they are not already listed in the reference databases,the real power of it lies in
its ability to capture a wide range of organisms.With just one sample,scientists can detect all
kinds of living things,from bacteria to whales,in almost any environment where life
exists,including the deep sea and underground caves.One of the most significant advantages
of eDNA sampling is that it allows scientists to detect species that are difficult to see or
capture.This is particularly useful when studying rare or very small species,or when working
in environments like dark water where visibility is limited.
This is just the start.Imagine a future where eDNA data could be collected from the most
remote oceans by autonomous vehicles,analyzed by the drone or on board a research
vessel(船舰),and integrated with other monitoring data so marine managers and the public
can see near-real-time data about the condition of the ocean.Science fiction? Not any more.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。新的生物多样性监测技术——环境DNA (eDNA)技
术即将问世,文章对其进行了介绍。
9.What’s the author’s purpose of mentioning the example in paragraph 2?
A.To explain the process of qPCR analysis method.
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【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
B.To introduce the definition of environmental DNA.
C.To tell the difference between two analysis methods.
D.To show the similarity between qPCR and virus tests.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“They then use one of the two analysis
methods...lived in that river without directly seeing it.”可知,作者在第二段提到这个例子的
目的是说明qPCR 分析方法的过程。
10.What’s the advantage of eDNA sampling?
A.It can detect species from photos and videos.
B.It can help scientists capture endangered species.
C.It enables scientists to work in invisible environment.
D.It can identify any living creature with a sample of it.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段前两句“Although eDNA sampling cannot
identify...including the deep sea and underground caves.”可知,eDNA 取样的优势是它可以
用它的样本识别任何生物。
11.What could eDNA data be applied to in the future?
A.Studying microbial communities.
B.Analyzing diversity changes over time.
C.Collecting species in new environments.
D.Offering statistics for ocean supervision.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“Imagine a future where eDNA data...about the
condition of the ocean.”可知,eDNA 数据在未来可以应用于为海洋监管提供统计数据。
12.What’s the main idea of the text?
A.Scientists have made a breakthrough in undersea research.
B.Rare species have been discovered with two analysis methods.
C.New biodiversity monitoring techniques are around the corner.
D.Traditional survey methods are abandoned for their shortcomings.
答案 C
解析 主旨大意题。根据第一段可知,文章主要讲的是新的生物多样性监测技术即将问
世。
