清单03 非谓语动词(主语、表语、宾语和宾语补足语)
(一)
专题01 非谓语动词作主语、表语
一.非谓语动词作主语(动名词，动词不定式)
1.常用it 为形式主语，动名词作主语的句型:
It is/was no use/good+doing sth.;
It is/was not any use/good+doing sth.;
It is/was of little use/good+doing sth.;
It is/was useless doing sth.
It’s a waste of time doing sth.
It was no use pretending that I had not seen him, so I waved to him.
It is no good trying that method, because it won’t work.
2.常用it 为形式主语，动词不定式作主语的句型:
It is/was＋adj.＋for/of sb. to do sth. 若形容词侧重于评价人物的特性、特征，则构成不定式复合结构的介词
应用of，此时形容词常为kind，nice，foolish 等词，且sb.与形容词之间可构成逻辑上的系表关系；若形容
词侧重于描写不定式动作的特征、特点，则构成不定式复合结构的介词应用for。
It is important for us to meet personally although we have been in touch in various ways.
It is generous of him to contribute so much.
(2019•天津6 月卷•4)________ to think critically is an important skill today’s children will need for the future.
A. Learn B. Learned C. Learning D. Having learned
二.非谓语动词作表语
动名词
表示某一次具体的、特定的或有待实现的动作
动词不定式
多指抽象的、概念性的动作，句子主语常是表示无生命的名词或what 引导的名词性从句
现在分词
令人……的
过去分词
人感到……的
My dream is to enter Peking University.
Our job is playing all kinds of music.
At first she was terrified, then she pulled herself together.
The radiation of nuclear bombing is terrifying.
(2024·全国新高考Ⅰ卷)These sepals open on warm days to give the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.In cold
weather, the structure stays ________(close) to protect the plants.
专题02 非谓语动词作宾语、宾语补足语
一.非谓语作宾语
1. 不定式作宾语
(1) 常跟不定式作宾语的动词：decide/determine ，learn ，want ，expect/hope/wish ，refuse ，manage ，
volunteer，pretend, offer，promise，choose，plan，agree，ask/beg，help
My English teacher promised to lend some books to me.我的英语老师答应借给我一些书。
记忆口诀：决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装；主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮
(2)动词tell，show，understand，know，explain，teach，learn，advise 等常接“疑问词＋动词不定式”作宾
语。
Please tell me when to start the project.请告诉我何时开始这个项目。
(3)在某些动词如find，think，consider，feel，make，believe 后，常用it 作形式宾语，然后加宾语补足语，
最后加不定式作真正的宾语。
We think it our duty to protect the environment. 我们认为保护环境是我们的责任。
2.动名词作宾语
只能跟动词-ing 形式作宾语的动词和短语: suggest, imagine, mind, admit, practice, risk, keep, keep on, avoid,
escape, enjoy, consider, excuse, finish, miss, insist on, look forward to, feel like, get down to, object to 等。介词后
要跟动名词作宾语，但是介词but 后跟不定式作宾语。
My mother couldn’t help smiling when she heard the good news.听到那个好消息，我妈妈情不自禁地
笑起来。
They had no choice but to wait here.他们别无选择只有在这儿等待。
记忆口诀：考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想；避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏；禁止想象才冒险，不
禁介意准避免。
附录：
下列动词或短语既可以接动名词作宾语，也可以接动词不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别：
【温馨提示】在need，want，require 等后表示被动意义，不定式要用被动语态，动名词不需要。
Your hair needs to be cut.＝Your hair needs cutting.你的头发需要剪掉。
1.(2025 新高考I 卷)We hope ________(present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and
initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.
2.(2025 浙江1 月卷)Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women ________(rent) rather than purchase them
outright, providing a less expensive solutions to one-time event dressing.
3.(2025 浙江1 月卷)I really want to make this work for people’s lives today, and I know that doesn’t always mean
________(return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend
二.非谓语作宾语补足语
1.“五看二听一感觉”的感官动词和短语(see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, feel)后面的宾语补
足语有三种常见的非谓语动词形式(do/doing/done)。do 表主动和完成(被动句中to 还原),doing 表主动或正在
进行,done 表被动或完成。
see＋宾语＋
【温馨提示】“感官动词＋宾语＋省略to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语”在变为被动语态时需加to。
The thief was observed to enter the bank.(被动语态) 有人看见小偷进了银行。
2.动词let, make, have, get, leave, keep, find 后接非谓语动词形式作宾语补足语。
make
①
＋宾语＋
let
②
＋宾语＋
have
③
＋宾语＋
get
④
＋宾语＋
leave
⑤
keep
⑥
find
⑦
⇒
【温馨提示】
(1)“使役动词＋宾语＋省略to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语”在变为被动语态时也需加to。
(2)have sb doing sth 用于否定句中，常与can’t，won’t 等连用，表示“不能容忍某人做某事”。
He was made to work day and night，so he was very tired of the job.
他被迫日夜工作，所以他非常厌倦这项工作。
I won’t have you speaking to your dad like that.我不容许你和你父亲那样讲话。
3.with 复合结构
(1)with＋名词/代词＋现在分词，现在分词可表示主动和动作正在进行
(2)with＋名词/代词＋过去分词，过去分词可表示被动和动作已完成或表状态
(3)with＋名词/代词＋不定式，不定式表示动作尚未发生
【温馨提示】
(1)有些动词或动词短语后接动词不定式作宾补，即“动词/动词短语＋宾语＋to do”。常见的这类动词或动
词短语有：
advise 建议 allow 允许 ask 询问；要求 beg 恳求 cause 导致 encourage 鼓励 permit 准许 forbid
禁止 force 强迫 intend 打算 invite 邀请 order 命令；要求 persuade 说服 prefer 更喜欢 require
需要；要求 teach 教 remind 提醒 tell 告诉 want 想要 warn 警告 wish 希望；想要 wait for 等待
call on 号召；要求 depend on 依靠 urge 催促；力劝
(2)下列句型中常用动词不定式作主语补足语，它们是：
sb be said/believed/known/reported/considered/thought＋to do/to have done/to be done/to be doing/to have been
done sth
1.(2025 天津高考第二次)With robots ________ various industrial tasks, factories have increased production
efficiency.
A. to perform
B. to be performed
C. performing
D. being performed
2.(2025 天津高考第一次)The school has decided to build an AI lab and the teachers would like to see the
construction project ________ in the next school year.
A. to carry out
B. carrying out
C. being carried out
D. carried out
3.(2025 北京高考)I sometimes call him back, worried that he might have someone ________(scare).
附录：非谓语动词的形式与功能
种类
形式
主动
被动
主语
宾语
宾补
表语
定语
状语
不定式
一般式
to do
to be done
√
√
√
√
√
√
进行式
to be
doing
×
完成式
to have
done
to have
been done
动名词
一般式
doing
being done
√
√
×
√
√
×
完成式
having
done
having
been done
分
词
现在
分词
一般式
doing
being done
×
×
√
√
√
√
完成式
having
done
having
been done
过去
分词
一般式
done(vi.)
表完成
done(vt.)
表被动
与完成
×
×
√
√
√
√
1.
确定谓语动词与非谓语动词
一个句子无论是主句还是从句，必须要有谓语，一般空格所在的句子中无其他动词，则填谓语动
词；谓语动词要考虑时态，语态和主谓一致等。
如果在句中找到了谓语动词，而又找不到连词(并列连词或者从属连词)的时候，则所给动词一定要
用非谓语动词形式。非谓语动词形式需要确定是现在分词形式，过去分词形式，不定式形式还是动名词
形式。
2.确定形式 主语与提示词之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，用doing, 主语与提示词之间为逻辑上的动宾关
系，用done;,
3.确定时态 表示将来的动作：to do/ to be done; 表示正在发生的动作：doing/ being done; 表示完成的动
作：done/ having done/ having been done.
时间：10 分钟 满分：16 分 得分：_______
一. 单项选择
1.(2026·天津滨海新区·一模)________ to classical works of literature from an early age is likely to develop a
student’s ability of logical thinking and aesthetic appreciation.
A. Being exposed
B. Exposing
C. Exposed
D. To expose
2.(2026 高三上·天津滨海新·月考)________ by the teacher to leave the classroom made him feel ashamed.
A. Asked
B. Being asked
C. Having asked
D. To have asked
3.(2026·天津滨海新区·一模)After ________ by the heavy deluge, Henan province suffered from serious
damages to its scenic spots, many tourists ________ in the disaster region.
A. being struck, were trapped
B. struck, having been trapped
C. being struck, trapped
D. having been struck ; were trapped
4.(2026·天津蓟州·一模)Depend on it! We won’t have the driver ________ away with knocking down the old
man. We will find him one day.
A. getting
B. get
C. got
D. to get
5.(2026 高三上·天津河北·期末)Upon entering the Louvre, visitors were excited to see the Winged Victory of
Samothrace ________, with lights and cameras set up all around it for a documentary.
A. filmed
B. filming
C. to be filmed
D. being filmed
6.(2026 高三上·天津南开·期末)The little boy was noticed ________ English words aloud when his mother
passed by his room early in the morning.
A. read
B. reading
C. to read
D. having read
7.(2026·天津·一模)In the age of digital communication, it has become easier than ever to keep each other
________ across borders.
A. to update
B. updating
C. updated
D. being updated
8.(2026·天津滨海新区·一模)With various cultural activities being held, we found our city life more colorful and
________ with traditional Chinese culture.
A. filled
B. filling
C. to fill
D. being filled
9.(2026 高三上·天津·期末)With more online resources ________ by students, the library has provided better
guidance for their learning.
A. using
B. to use
C. used
D. being used
10.(2026 高三上·天津滨海新·月考)With mountains ________ at the far side and flocks of birds flying overhead,
I can’t help but have my eyes ________ on such breath-taking view.
A. stood; focusing B. standing; focusing
C. standing; focused
D. stood; focused
二. 单句语法填空
1.(2026 届山东济南市高三4 月阶段性检测)________(take) a spring outing during Qingming is a time-honored
custom.
2.(2026 届山东济南市高三4 月阶段性检测)In the past, the people of China believed that after sheltering indoors
during winter, both body and heart need ________(refresh) by the embrace of spring, and a walk close to nature
would be beneficial for their health.
3.(2026 届安徽芜湖市无为中学等校下学期高三3 月考试)What impresses the scholars most is Zou’s four-piece
set, with one ________(collect) by the British Museum.
4.(2026 届福建恒一教育集团高三毕业班四月质量检测)The festival is not merely an endpoint but rather a
starting point for sustained development, the target of which is ________(continue) building and strengthening the
cultural brand,
5.(2026 届江苏扬州市广陵区扬州市新华中学高三3 月考前适应性练习二)Opportunities for asymmetrical (不
对称) relationships has mushroomed in the internet era over the past few years, with social media and now
artificial intelligence ________(take) a niche(小众的) academic term into the mainstream.
6.(2025-2026 陕西西安思源中学第二学期4 月质检)It provides the audience with more choices and fun,
allowing them ________(take) advantage of their fragmentary(碎片的) time.
时间：10 分钟 满分：20 分 得分：_______
一. 单项选择
1. It’s important ________ English well if you want to communicate with foreigners.
A. learn
B. to learn
C. learning
D. learned
2. My brother likes ________ basketball after school, but today he wants ________ football with his classmates.
A. play; to play
B. playing; play
C. playing; to play
D. to play; playing
3. The teacher warned us ________ ________ noise in the reading room.
A. not make; too much
B. not to make; too much
C. not to make; much too
D. not make; much too
4. He is often listened to ________ English songs, but this time we had him ________ a Russian song.
A. to sing, sing
B. to sing, to sing
C. sing, to sing
D. sing, sing
5. ________ to think critically is an important skill today’s children will need for the future.
A. Learn
B. Learned
C. Learning
D. Having learned
6. What worried the child most was ________ to visit his brother in hospital.
A. his not being allowed
B. his not allowing
C. his being not allowed
D. having not been allowed
7. ________ the meeting himself gave the public a great deal of encouragement, instantly boosting the stock
market.
A. The president attending
B. The president had attend
C. The president attended
D. The president’s attending
8. We noticed a little girl ________ alone at the bus stop when we went home yesterday.
A. wait
B. waiting
C. to wait
D. waited
9. After the country won independence, great emphasis was laid on expanding education, with girls as well as boys
________ to go to school.
A. to be encouraged
B. having been encouraged
C. encouraged
D. encouraging
10. With the situation ________ urgent, the expert advocates that the government ________ more on green
energy.
A. becoming; invests
B. becomes; invest
C. becoming; invest
D. became; should invest
二. 单句语法填空
1. Years later, according to accounts from local herders, Green, now a pack leader, was seen ________(return) the
red ribbon Li used to bandage his cub’s injured paw.
2. ________(have) a growth mindset means believing your abilities can be developed through hard work.
3. Quicksand found on beaches or riverbanks is a hidden danger that traps dozens of people each year. If you find
yourself ________(stick) in it, avoid allowing others to help, as this could cause them to get trapped as well.
4. According to official data, international tourist arrivals into Shanghai were up nearly 40 percent in the first half
of 2025, with the largest numbers of travelers ________(come) from South Korea, Thailand and Japan.
5. I used ________(play) basketball in the schoolyards of Brooklyn.
6. While waiting for the opportunity to get ________(promote), Henry did his best to perform his duty.
7. Smoking not only harms others’ health, but also is ________(commit) suicide slowly.
8. In orbit, the three astronauts — Cai Xuzhe, Song Lingdong and Wang Haoze — completed a range of tasks,
including collecting fruit flies, ________(empty) their culture containers and organizing samples.
9. Fueled by government support that enables a new generation ________(explore) living heritage, traditional
crafts are entering a new stage of prosperity.
10. “My dream is ________(make) Chinese fast food — like beef noodles — just as popular and widespread as
other food.” He said.
