读后续写01-动作描写专题
一、考察情况
年份-卷别
故事情境
真题原文/范文高频动作链
动作描写维度
2025 全国Ⅰ卷
带着妻子饼干向兄
弟道歉
I knocked gently, heart pounding
fiercely, handed the biscuits, accepted
with a smile
首句强控动作：敲
→递→接，体现情
感转折
2025 北京卷
志愿者给流浪者送
食物
bent down, handed out steaming
bowls, patted his shoulder
连续动作 + 情感
温度
2024 新课标Ⅰ卷
赶飞机却遇 ATM
故障
ran like crazy, jumped into the taxi,
popped my card in, only to read “Out
of order”
快节奏三连动，
突出“急”
2024 新高考Ⅰ卷
与兄弟因狗产生矛
盾后道歉
knocked gently, handed out biscuits,
eyes wide with surprise
“敲-递-望”细腻
动作传递情绪
2024 浙江卷1 月
极地科考队员掉进
冰缝
kicked frantically, clawed at the icy
wall, hauled himself up
危险场景“踢-抓-
撑”求生链
2023 新高考Ⅰ卷
野外骑马遇险互助
grabbed the reins, pulled herself up,
patted the horse, raced back
危险场景中的
“抓-拉-拍-冲”
2022 新高考Ⅰ卷
参加演讲比赛克服
紧张
paced back and forth, took a deep
breath, stepped onto the stage
“焦虑-镇定-行
动”动作线
二、命题规律及备考策略：
（1）命题规律
① 必考“动作链”
题干往往设置2-3 个连续动作，要求考生用非谓语、并列谓语或从属连词把动作串成“线”，实现情节连
贯。例：Having queued for 3 hours, he was told that the ticket had been sold out。
② 精考“情感动作”
命题人青睐能外化心理的“微动作”：bite one’s lip, hands trembled, eyes sparkled，通过动作折射情感，实
现“show, don’t tell”。
③ 首句限定动作走向
2024、2025 真题直接给出首句动作（knocked gently / arrived at my brother’s door），考生须围绕该动作展
开，考查逻辑衔接能力。
④ 高频场景=高价值动作库
“野外救人、比赛紧张、家庭关爱”三大热门主题对应经典动作：dash, wave, kneel, pat, pace, flip, stir 等，
成为命题“素材库”。
（2）备考策略
① 建立“情绪-动作”素材库。
按“喜/怒/哀/惧/爱”等情绪，整理配套动作短语，如：喜：jump to one’s feet, eyes lit up；惧：hands
trembled, took a step back 每周背诵10 组，课前三分钟默写。
② 三阶微技能训练。
动作点：积累高频动词+介副词（tiptoe into, dash forward）。
动作链：套用“三步法”公式——A, B and C; Having done…, S+V; with+n.+补语。
动作面：把动作放进“环境+心理+语言”立体描写，形成画面感。
③ 真题逆向工程
把2020-2025 真题范文按“动作链-情绪-主题”三列拆解，做成“阅读-仿写-改写”三步走练习：
• 阅读：标出所有动作动词；
• 仿写：替换人物与场景保留动作框架；
• 改写：用不同语法结构表达同一动作链。
④ 情景化片段写作
每周一次8 分钟“微续写”——教师给首句动作，如“He dashed out of the classroom, clutching the paper
tightly.”学生续写50 词，重点训练动作-逻辑-情感一致性。
⑤ 二稿优化制度
首稿只关注情节与动作链；二稿集中优化动词精准度与协同原文风格，教师针对非谓语、with 结构、动
词短语进行面批。
1.情绪-动作素材库
情绪
(Emotion)
核心动作描写 (Body Language & Actions)
例句 (Example Sentences)
喜悦/开心
(Joy/Happines
s)
1. beam with delight (喜笑颜开)
2. let out a cry of joy (发出喜悦的叫声)
3. leap into the air (高兴地跳起来)
4. a wide grin spreads across one's face
(灿烂的笑容在脸上绽开)
5. clap one's hands excitedly (兴奋地拍手)
Hearing the good news, a wide grin
spread across her face and she clapped
her hands excitedly.
悲伤/难过
(Sadness/Grief
)
1. burst into tears / tears well up (突然大哭/泪水涌
出)
2. shoulders slump (肩膀耷拉下来)
3. let out a sigh (发出一声叹息)
4. chin trembles (下巴颤抖)
5. curl up into a ball (蜷缩成一团)
His shoulders slumped as tears welled
up in his eyes. He let out a deep sigh of
disappointment.
恐惧/害怕
1. freeze on the spot (僵在原地)
She froze on the spot, her eyes
(Fear/Terror)
2. tremble/shake with fear (因恐惧而颤抖)
3. eyes widen in horror (因惊恐睁大双眼)
4. scream at the top of one's lungs (大声尖叫)
5. back away slowly (缓慢后退)
widening in horror. A scream was
stuck in her throat.
紧张/焦虑
(Nervousness/
Anxiety)
1. bite one's nails (咬指甲)
2. pace up and down (来回踱步)
3. fidget with one's fingers (紧张地摆弄手指)
4. take a deep breath to calm down (深呼吸以平静)
5. heart pounds against one's chest (心怦怦直跳)
Waiting for the result, he paced up and
down the
corridor, biting
his
nails nervously.
惊讶/震惊
(Surprise/Shoc
k)
1. jump with a start (惊跳起来)
2. gasp in astonishment (惊讶地倒吸一口气)
3. drop one's jaw (目瞪口呆)
4. stare in disbelief (难以置信地盯着)
5. step back in surprise (惊讶地后退一步)
He gasped in astonishment, his jaw
dropping at the unexpected sight.
犹豫/不确定
(Hesitation/
Uncertainty)
1. hesitate for a moment (犹豫了一下)
2. shift weight from one foot to the other (重心在两
脚间切换)
3. open mouth and then close it (欲言又止)
4. glance around uneasily (不安地四处张望)
She hesitated for a moment, shifting
her weight from one foot to the other,
unsure of what to say.
决心/勇气
(Determination
/Courage)
1. clench one's fists (握紧拳头)
2. set one's jaw (咬紧牙关)
3. take a decisive step forward (果断地向前一步)
4. look sb. straight in the eye (直视某人的眼睛)
5. square one's shoulders (挺直肩膀)
Setting his jaw, he clenched his
fists and took a decisive step
forward to face the challenge.
宽慰/放松
(Relief/
Relaxation)
1. let out a sigh of relief (松一口气)
2. shoulders relax (肩膀放松下来)
3. slump into a chair (瘫倒在椅子上)
4. a smile of relief flashes across one's face (宽慰的
笑容在脸上一闪而过)
Learning everyone was safe, she let
out a long sigh of relief and
her shoulders finally relaxed.
爱/关怀
(Love/Care)
1. wrap one's arms around sb. (拥抱某人)
2. gently pat sb. on the shoulder (轻拍某人肩膀)
3. wipe away tears from sb.'s eyes (擦去某人的眼
泪)
Mother wrapped her arms around the
sobbing child and gently patted him
on the back.
4. whisper encouraging words (低声说鼓励的话)
愤怒
(Anger)
1. face turns red/flushed (脸涨得通红)
2. narrow one's eyes (眯起眼睛)
3. point a trembling finger at sb. (用颤抖的手指指着
某人)
4. raise one's voice (提高嗓门)
His face flushed with anger, and
he pointed a trembling finger at me,
his voice raising to a shout.
疲惫
(Exhaustion)
1. drag one's feet (拖着脚步走)
2. rub one's eyes (揉眼睛)
3. yawn widely (打大哈欠)
4. collapse onto the bed (瘫倒在床上)
After the long journey, he dragged his
feet into the room and collapsed onto
the bed.
2.高频副词与介词短语
高频副词
cautiously（小心翼翼地）、gently（温柔地；轻轻地）、quickly（快速地）、slowly（缓慢
地）、hurriedly（匆忙地）、eagerly（急切地；渴望地）、patiently（耐心地）、angrily
（生气地）、quietly（安静地；悄悄地）、loudly（大声地）、completely（完全地）、
deeply（深深地）、extremely（极其；非常）、partly（部分地；在一定程度上）、
immediately（立即；马上）、suddenly（突然地）、finally（最后；终于）、recently（最
近）、already（已经）、yet（还；尚（用于否定句和疑问句））
介词短语
表示方向：across（穿过；横过）、through（通过；穿过（空间内部））、into（进入）、
out of（从…… 出来）、towards（朝；向）、up（向上）、down（向下）
表示位置：in front of（在…… 前面）、behind（在…… 后面）、beside（在…… 旁
边）、near（在…… 附近）、under（在…… 下面）、above（在…… 上面（不接
触））、on（在…… 上面（接触表面））
表示时间：at（在（具体时刻））、in（在（较长时间段，如年、月、季节等）；在……
之后（表将来））、on（在（具体某一天，如日期、星期几等））、during（在…… 期
间）、before（在…… 之前）、after（在…… 之后）
表示原因：because of（因为）、due to（由于）
表示目的：for（为了）、in order to（为了（后接动词原形））
其他：with determination（带着决心）、with interest（带着兴趣）、with confidence（充满
自信地）、with patience（耐心地）、with pride（自豪地）、with enthusiasm（热情地）、
with sympathy（同情地）、with caution（谨慎地）、with envy（嫉妒地）、with curiosity
（好奇地）、with anxiety（焦虑地）、with devotion（专心地；忠诚地）、with sorrow（悲
伤地）、in embarrassment（尴尬地）、in satisfaction（满意地）、in delight（高兴地）、in
excitement（兴奋地）、in disgust（厌恶地）、in relief（宽慰地）、in surprise（惊讶
地）、in amazement（惊奇地）、in confusion（困惑地）、in admiration（钦佩地）、in
silence（沉默地）、in anger（愤怒地）、in secret（秘密地）、in a hurry（匆忙地）、in
fear（恐惧地）、in panic（惊慌地）、in terror（惊恐地）、in horror（恐惧地；惊骇
地）、in puzzlement（困惑地）、in shock（震惊地）
3.万能句式
1.表达焦急寻找：[人物] looked around [地点] anxiously, his eyes scanning every corner quickly. With a sense of
urgency, he rushed from one place to another, searching desperately for [寻找对象].
2.（[人物] 焦急地在 [地点] 四处张望，眼睛快速扫视着每个角落。带着一种紧迫感，他从一个地方冲到
另一个地方，拼命寻找 [寻找对象]。）
3.描述接近目标：[人物] walked towards [目标] cautiously, his heart pounding with excitement. Slowly, he reached
out his hand, as if afraid to scare away [目标相关事物].
4.（[人物] 小心翼翼地朝 [目标] 走去，激动得心跳加速。他慢慢地伸出手，仿佛生怕吓跑 [目标相关事
物]。）
5.展现惊喜反应：[人物] opened the door eagerly, and upon seeing [惊喜事物], his eyes widened in surprise. He
let out a cry of joy and rushed forward to embrace it.
6.（[人物] 急切地打开门，一看到 [惊喜事物]，他惊讶地瞪大了眼睛。他高兴地叫了一声，冲上前去拥抱
它。）
7.刻画犹豫行动：[人物] stood there, hesitating for a moment. With a mixture of doubt and determination, he
finally took a step forward, slowly and cautiously.
8.（[人物] 站在那里，犹豫了一会儿。带着怀疑和决心交织的心情，他最终迈出了一步，缓慢而谨
慎。）
9.体现勇敢应对：Facing the danger fearlessly, [人物] took a deep breath and rushed towards [危险事物] bravely.
With a determined look on his face, he fought back with all his might.
10.（[人物] 无畏地面对危险，深吸一口气，勇敢地朝 [危险事物] 冲去。他脸上带着坚定的神情，全力反
击。）
11.描绘失望离开：[人物] lowered his head in disappointment, turned around slowly, and walked away with heavy
steps. Sighing deeply, he disappeared into the distance.
12.（[人物] 失望地低下头，慢慢地转过身，迈着沉重的步伐离开。他深深地叹了口气，消失在远方。）
13.表达安慰他人：[人物] gently put his arm around [对方], looked at him/her sympathetically and said softly,
“Don't worry. Everything will be okay.”
14.（[人物] 轻轻地搂住 [对方]，同情地看着他 / 她，轻声说道：“别担心。一切都会好起来的。”）
15.描述突然发生：Suddenly, [事件] happened. [人物] was caught off guard and froze for a second. Then, he/she
reacted quickly and took immediate action.
16.（突然，[事件] 发生了。[人物] 猝不及防，愣了一秒钟。然后，他 / 她迅速做出反应，立即采取行
动。）
4.动作链万能公式
A, B and C
①
型
描述日常活动：[人物] woke up, stretched his body and got out of bed.[人物] 醒来，伸了伸懒腰，然后下了
床。
表现紧急情况：[人物] heard the noise, opened the door and rushed out to see what was happening.[人物] 听到
声响，打开门，冲出去看发生了什么事。
2024 年新高考 I 卷情境模拟：The moment the bus pulled in, the boy grabbed his backpack, jumped off the seat
and rushed towards the door.
当公交车进站时，男孩抓起他的背包，从座位上跳下来，朝着车门冲去。
2023 年新高考 Ⅰ 卷相关情境：After hearing the inspiring speech, she stood up, clapped her hands and walked
over to the speaker to express her gratitude.
听完鼓舞人心的演讲后，她站起身来，鼓掌，然后走到演讲者面前表达她的感激之情。
Having done…, S + V
②
型
学习相关场景：Having finished reading the book, [人物] closed it and wrote down his thoughts.读完这本书后
[人物] 合上书，写下了自己的感悟。
运动场景：Having practiced for months, [人物] participated in the competition and performed brilliantly.经过数
月的练习，[人物] 参加了比赛并表现出色。
2024 年新课标 Ⅰ 卷类似情境：Having realized his mistake, the student wrote a sincere apology letter and
handed it to the teacher.意识到自己的错误后，这个学生写了一封诚挚的道歉信并交给了老师。
2023 年全国卷 I 相关情境：Having overcome numerous difficulties in his study, he finally achieved excellent
grades and received praise from his teachers.在学习中克服了无数困难后，他最终取得了优异的成绩，并得到
了老师的表扬。
With + n. +
③
补语，S + V 型
表达情绪状态：With a big smile on his face, [人物] walked towards his friends and shared the good news.[人物]
脸上带着灿烂的笑容，走向朋友们并分享了这个好消息。
描述做事方式：With a determined look in his eyes, [人物] started to solve the difficult problem step by step.
（[人物] 眼中带着坚定的神情，开始一步步解决这个难题。
2022 年新高考 Ⅰ 卷越野赛情境模拟：With a determined expression on his face, David ran forward, his steps
firm and steady, despite his physical challenges.大卫脸上带着坚定的表情，向前跑去，尽管身体有挑战，但
他的步伐坚定而稳健。
2021 年全国卷 II 母亲节情境：With a bouquet of flowers in her hands, she tiptoed into the bedroom and gently
woke up her mother with a sweet kiss.她手里拿着一束花，踮着脚走进卧室，轻轻地用一个甜蜜的吻唤醒了
她的母亲。
（2025·全国一卷·高考真题）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整
的短文。
My wife and I wanted to share our new home with family and friends by hosting a small gathering in the early
summer. She had prepared lots of snacks, while my job was to have the backyard in order.
There was plenty of space for the kids to run and play. There was just one thing I hadn’t counted on: My brother
chose to bring his dog Toby, a 50-pound ball of fire. Though friendly, he could easily knock over my niece’s small
boys and my six-month-old granddaughter. So, when my brother showed up, I asked him to watch Toby and keep
him outside.
My plan was working out just fine. Toby was using up his energy by running back and forth in the backyard
and giving the kids plenty of room. Unexpectedly, after supper, the weather changed. It started to rain and everyone
went indoors.
It was an awkward moment. I didn’t want Toby to be running around in the house, and my brother wasn’t
happy with driving home with a wet dog. Eventually, my brother decided to leave rather than force the issue.
A few days passed, and I hadn’t heard anything from my brother. I texted him and expressed wishes for him to
come out again. His reply came as a surprise — a shock, actually: “Not a chance.” Clearly, he was unhappy over
the way we had parted. After all, I had left him little choice. Well, he’ll get over it, I reasoned.
Two months passed. My wife suggested I get in touch with my brother, but I resisted, thinking he should call
first. However, my conscience (良心) kept bothering me. I tried to put myself in my brother’s shoes. He was facing
health issues and his wife of thirty-five years had passed away a few months earlier. Toby was his constant
companion, the one who kept him going.
注意:
(1)续写词数应为150 个左右；
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I realized it was me who was at fault.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________
With the biscuits my wife had made, I arrived at my brother’s door. ____________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________
（25-26 高三上·安徽阜阳·开学考试）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成
一篇完整的短文。
Whenever I polish the old brass watch on my desk, I’m transported back to my grandmother’s attic(阁楼), where a
dusty sewing box once revealed a story of resilience.
Grandma was a master tailor, her fingers deftly stitching life into worn fabrics. One winter, she found a weary coat
discarded behind the community center—a child’s size, its hem frayed and buttons missing. Instead of tossing it,
she carried it home, spending weeks mending the tears with colorful threads and sewing on mismatched buttons
she’d collected. “Everything deserves a second chance,” she’d say as she worked. On Christmas Eve, she left the
coat on the porch of a family with a little girl, who wore it until it was too small. Years later, that girl—now a
mother—returned the coat to Grandma, saying, “It kept me warm, just like your kindness.”
Four years ago, when I was sixteen, I stumbled upon a similar treasure. My friend Mia and I were helping clean out
the basement of the local library for a fundraiser. Amidst a pile of broken books, I spotted a leather-bound journal,
its spine cracked and pages yellowed. Mia frowned, “It’s too damaged to sell. Should we recycle it?” But as I flipped
through the brittle pages, a handwritten poem on the first page made me pause.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I remembered Grandma’s words and dug through the supply closet. ____________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
By the time we finished, the journal looked far from perfect but radiated warmth.__________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
句式1：并列谓语 (三连动作) A and B; A, B and C
1. He ________________ (伸进) his pocket, ______________ (掏出) a handful of change, and _________________
(递给) the farmer.
2. She _____________ (冲上前), ____________ (跪下) and ________ (抱) her son into her arms.
3. The singer _______________ ( 向... 瞥了一眼) the audience, ________________ ( 深吸一口气) and
_________ (开始) to sing.
4. He __________ (拿出) the meat, ___________ (瞄准) the wolf and ________ (扔) it straight to the fierce
animal.
5. He _____________ (走近) the door, __________ (转动) the handle, and slowly _________ (推) it open.
6. She _______________ (捂住嘴) with a scarf, ________________ (低着身子) and _________ (冲) out of
the room.
句式2：非谓语(Doing/Done...)，+动作；动作，+非谓语（doing/done...)
1. She bravely approached him, __________ (递给他) a bunch of red roses. （现在分词作状语）
2. _____________ (失败) the second round, the young man was so nervous that he was at a loss what to do.
（现在分词作状语）
3. _______________ (听到这话), her mother smiled, patting her back gently. （现在分词作状语）
4. ___________ (责备) by his teacher and laughed at by everyone, he felt rather upset and depressed. （过去分
词作状语）
5. _____________ (鼓励) by the teacher’s words, Lucy raised her hand, whispering, “I’ll do it.” （过去分词作状
语）
6. _______________ (感动) to tears, she could hardly utter a single word. （过去分词作状语）
1. 请把下面的句子扩展成动作链（三链动作）
(1) 男孩们跳入湖中嬉戏。
跳入湖里嬉戏：冲向湖边+脱掉衣服+跳入水中
________________________________________________________________________________________.
(2) 她抱住儿子。
抱住儿子: 冲向前+蹲下+一把抱住
_________________________________________________________________________________________.
(3) 这个歌手唱歌。
歌手唱歌：扫视观众+深吸一口气+开始演唱
__________________________________________________________________________________________.
2.翻译
(1) 夜幕降临，简坐在草地上，凝视着广阔的天空，既害怕又紧张。(环境+动作+情绪）
__________________________________________________________________________________________.
(2) 他气得火冒三丈，用他那可怕的大眼睛瞪着我，喊道：“你真是个白痴。”（情绪+动作+语言）
__________________________________________________________________________________________.
(3) 他激动地鼓掌，一边点头，一边微笑。(动作+情绪+动作）
__________________________________________________________________________________________.
3.微场景写作
微情境1
小时候，厨房对我来说是个禁地，妈妈总是阻止我进入。随着年龄的增长，我对食物和烹饪产生了
浓厚的兴趣。一天早上，趁妈妈外出购物家中无人，我决定偷偷溜进厨房尝试煎蛋。开始一切顺利，当
我把鸡蛋打入锅后，突然发现没有炒勺（cooking spoon）。
请运用学过的经典句式，写3 个描写作者找炒勺经过的句子（可以是语义连贯的句子，也可以不连贯，
符合场景即可）
微情境2
Mike 是一个海滩救生员。他没有友善的外表（friendly appearance）——很多可怕的纹身，光头上还有
一道疤；他也不擅长社交（social skills），所以同事都很少和他交流。某天Mike 值班时，他远远注意两
个孩子正要游进危险区域。当Mike 准备从瞭望台过去提醒他们时，孩子们被一个巨浪卷走了。孩子的妈
妈急得直跳脚。Mike 立即跑向大海进行救援。
任务1：从上帝视角，写Mike 救孩子到岸上的过程（3 句）
任务2: 从Mike 同事的视角，写点事件后感悟（1 句）
（2024·浙江·高考真题）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短
文。
Eva spent the first week of high school trying to keep her head above water. One of the major headaches for
her was finding her way in the huge school building. It was a six-story building. On each floor, hallways stretched
in four directions, learning to classrooms, laboratories and teachers’ offices. Somewhere in the building, there was
also a library, a cafeteria and a gym.
Having a poor sense of direction, Eva found it impossible to get around in such a huge building. All the
different hallways and rooms were too much to think about, let alone commit to memory. She decided that she would
memorize where her classes were and then pretend that the rest of the place didn’t exist.
In her first PE class, Eva was shocked when Coach Pitt announced that everyone had to run one mile around
the track outside. She searched the faces of her classmates for signs of panic. There was nothing she feared more
than having to run a whole mile. To Eva, “a mile” was used to describe long distances. It was ten miles from her
home to her grandfather’s, and that always seemed like a long way, even in a car!
When Coach Pitt blew his whistle (哨子), Eva figured she would be left in the dust. However, while some of
her classmates edged ahead, others actually fell behind. “It’s just the beginning,” she thought. “I’ll come in last for
sure.”
Soon Eva began to breathe hard, with her heart pounding and legs shaking. Feeling desperate, Eva started
using a mind trick on herself. She stopped thinking about the word “mile”. Instead, she focused on reaching the
shadow cast on the track by an oak tree up ahead. Then she concentrated on jogging to the spot where the trace
curved (拐弯). After that, she tried to see if she could complete her first lap. One lap turned into two, then three,
then four.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150 个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When Coach Pitt said “Nice work!” to her at the finish line, Eva was surprised.______________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Eva decided to use the same trick to deal with the school building._________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
