题型01 阅读理解细节理解题
题型简介
细节理解题在高考英语阅读理解中分布密度最大，主要考查考生对文章中原句或关键信息的
准确识别与理解能力。这类题目难度通常不高，但因数量众多，成为阅读理解得分的基础。它要
求考生通过快速定位文中关键信息，准确提取或转换特定细节，如人物、时间、地点、事件、原
因、方式等。
简单来说，这类题目考的就是“找得到，看得懂”。
考查本质：它测试你是否能像侦探一样，根据题干线索（关键词），在文章海洋中迅速锁定
目标句子，并准确理解该句的含义。答案一定源自文章，而非你的背景知识或主观想象。
题量与地位：此类题目在每篇阅读中通常占据半数以上，是构成阅读分数的基础。因其难度
相对适中，是必须全力争取、保证高正确率的“得分基石”。
典型特征：题目通常围绕文章的具体事实发问，如人物、时间、地点、事件、原因、方式、
数字等。答案往往直接隐含在文章的某一句话或相邻的几句话中。
设题类型
1. 直接信息题：答案可直接从原文某一句话中获取，正确选项常包含原文单词，但表达可能
目录
第一部分 题型解码 高屋建瓴，掌握全局
第二部分 考向破译
解
细
微观
剖，精
教学
典例引领
方法透视
变式演练
考向01 直接信息题【常考】
考向02 间接理解题【重难】
考向03 因果关系题【难点】
考向04 数字计算题【常考】
第三部分 综合巩固 整合应用，模拟实战
专题01 高考真题练
专题02 优秀模拟题
更简洁紧凑。
常见问法："According to the passage, ...?" "The passage states that ..."
2. 间接信息题（同义转述题）：题目答案基于文章细节，但正确选项通常不是原文的直接复
制，而是对原文具体信息的同义替换或适度归纳。
常见问法："What can we learn from Paragraph X?" "The author mentions ... to show that
..."
3. 因果关系题：题干中常出现because、in that、for 等表示因果关系的词，要求考生厘清文中
事物间的因果关系。
常见问法："Why ...?" "... because ________." "The reason for ... is that ..."
4. 数字与时间计算题：涉及文中的数字、时间等信息，有时需要进行简单计算或推理。
命题方式
考查文章细节理解的测试题的常见问题：
① This article is particularly written for ...?
② When the writer says … he really means ...?
③ According to the text/Paragraph X, what/when/where/how/why...?
④ The passage states that...
⑤ Which of the following statements is supported by the text?
⑥ What caused/led to...?
Why does the author give the example of…?
⑦
How many…? / What is the percentage of…?
⑧
解题思路
细节理解题主要考查学生对文中具体信息的识别、转换、归纳和计算能力。根据题目类型，
可分为四种解题方法：
1.
定位法
解直接信息题
——
确定题干关键词：提取主干（主谓宾/主系表）、特殊词块（专有名词、数字等）、状语（时
间、地点、原因等）。
寻找原文关键词：快速扫描原文，定位关键词所在句。
对比选项和原文：直接比对选项与定位句，选出一致内容。
适用：信息明确、直接出现的题目。
2.
转换法
解间接信息题
——
确定题干关键词（同定位法）。
寻找原文中间接表达：
关键词的派生词、同义词、近义词、反义词
语态转换（如主动变被动）
句式或表达方式的同义转换
复杂信息的简化表达
对比选项，确定答案。
适用：信息被改写或隐含表达的题目。
3.
概括归纳法
解综合信息题
——
/因果关系题
细读题干，确定关键词。
寻找原文中散落的信息源，可能分布在不同段落。
比较、找出共同点或趋势。
综合概括，得出答案。
比对选项，选择最符合概括内容的选项。
适用：信息分散、需整合理解的题目。
4.
整合推算法
解数字计算题
——
明确题干所问的数据或数量关系。
查找原文中的数据，并确定逻辑关系（如比较、增减、比例等）。
注意特殊数量表达：decade（十年）、fortnight（两周）、double、couple、score（二十）、
dozen（十二）、off/discount（折扣）等。
根据逻辑关系进行推算：使用加减乘除等运算。
整合推算，得出答案。
适用：涉及数字、时间、价格等需计算的题目
考向01 直接信息题
【例1-1】(浙江省强基联盟2025 年10 月高三联考英语试题)
Practical Advice:
Make it social: Walk with friends/family to stay motivated and enjoy quality time.
Start small: Even 4,000 daily steps show measurable health improvements over inactivity.
Focus on feeling good: Regular walker Jon Stride emphasizes that mental well-being benefits outweigh strict
step counts
While official guidelines recommend 150 weekly exercise minutes, this study shows regular 7,000-step
walking provides major health benefits. The key is consistent movement—whether through walking, daily tasks, or
other activities—without overemphasizing perfect numbers. Small, sustainable efforts make the real difference.
1.What is recommended to make walking more enjoyable?
A. Sharing walks with friends.
B. Starting with small goals.
C. Focusing on step counts.
D. Setting MUST-DO daily tasks.
【答案】A
【详解】 此题为直接细节题，解题关键在于定位“Practical Advice”部分与“愉快”相关的具体建议。
文章在“Practical Advice”中第一条明确写道：“Make it social: Walk with friends/family to stay motivated and
enjoy quality time”，这直接对应使步行更愉快的方法。选项B (从小目标开始) 是鼓励起步的建议，但未直
接关联“愉快”；选项C (关注步数计数) 与建议中“mental well-being benefits outweigh strict step counts”相
矛盾；选项D (设置每日必做任务) 在文中未提及，且可能增加压力，与“愉快”目标不符。
【例1-2】（2025 年10 月「江南十校」新高三第一次综合素质检测）
Talkspace
Why We Choose It
Talkspace, an online anger management platform, is a popular choice for people who look for help with anger
management problems. It's affordable and accessible for those who may not have much time for themselves.
Strengths
Weaknesses
●Free to choose your own therapist( 治疗师)and get
responses from him/her five days a week
●Option to upgrade for video meetings and weekly
workshops
●Additional resources on website
●Limited number of anger management
specialists
●Scheduling taking a long time
●Not available in every state
1.What is an advantage of Talkspace ?
A. It allows users video meetings. B. It has enough specialists.
C. It is available in all states. D. It promises responses daily.
【答案】A
【详解】 此题为直接细节题， 此题为直接细节题，解题关键在于定位“优势”部分的描述。在“优势”
列表中明确写道：“Option to upgrade for video meetings and weekly workshops”，即“可选择升级服
务以进行视频会议和每周研讨会”。这表明视频会议是平台提供的一项可选服务，因此是其一个优势。B
选项“它拥有足够的专家”错误，因为“劣势”中明确指出“愤怒情绪管理专家数量有限”。C 选项“它
在所有州都可用”错误，因为“劣势”中写明“并非在所有州都可用”。D 选项“它承诺每天都有回复”
错误，原文是“每周五个工作日内获得其回复”，而非“每天”。
【变式1-1】(25-26 高三上·江苏徐州·期中)
Karla’s Pet Care prides itself with dependable and professional care for owners and their beautiful pets in their
home.
Providing Pet Sitting and Dog Walking Services Since 2004
Karla’s Pet Care has been a trusted name in the Elk Grove, CA area for over 20 years, providing first-rate pet
sitting and dog walking services. Our longevity (长久) in the business speaks to our commitment to excellence and
our deep understanding of pets’ needs. With a team of experienced and dedicated staff members, we ensure that your
pets receive the highest level of care and attention.
Why Choose Karla’s Pet Care
Certified Staff: Experienced professionals handling various pets
Flexible Scheduling: Booking appointments based on your schedule
Personalized Care Plans: Tailored services to each pet’s unique needs
In-Time Updates: Detailed reports of your pet’s activities during each visit
Bonus Services
Although your pet is our main focus, we can help do a few light housekeeping tasks with no extra charge, such
as watering a few plants, fetching your mails and taking garbage can to roadsides and back for trash day, and so
on.Contacts us: Karla@karlasptecare.com; Telephone: 916-812-6380
解｜题｜技｜巧
抓准题干关键词，速读原文定位；仔细比对选项与原文，识别同义转述，果断排除无中生有、偷换概
念等干扰项。
注｜意｜事｜项
忠于原文，杜绝主观想象：你的常识和经验可能是错的。答案的唯一依据是文本本身。不要因为某个
选项“听起来有道理”就选它。
关注“同义转述”：高考题很少直接照抄原文。正确选项经常通过更换同义词、改变词性、简化句式
等方式进行“伪装”。能识别这种转换，是能力的关键。
利用文章结构：文章的小标题、列表（如“Strengths”和“Weaknesses”）、段落首句等都能为你提供
强大的定位帮助。
养成“证据划线”习惯：在答题时，养成在文中划出选择依据的习惯。这不仅能让你思路清晰，也便
于后续检查。
Our Clients Love Us!
“It seems that they’re very happy with the sitters. Everything in the house looks like it should; no ‘doggie’
disasters. I feel very comfortable leaving them with Karla and her team even though I do miss the little ‘monsters’.”
Karen W.
“Karla’s pet sitting service is fabulous. The best part is Karla sends a text every time she visits, telling us that
my angel ate, pottied, and of course barked. This personal touch made a huge difference and made me feel so much
better. I would highly recommend Karla’s Pet Sitting service!”
Dacre J.
1． What is the main purpose of the advertisement?
A．To promote pet services.
B．To employ pet workers.
C．To call for pet protection.
D．To popularize pet-raising science.
2． What bonus service will Karla’s Pet Care offer?
A．Dog walking.
B．Petting sitting.
C．Plants watering.
D．Medical caring.
3． What satisfied Dacre J. most?
A．Experienced Staff.
B．In-Time Updates.
C．Flexible Scheduling.
D．Personalized Care Plans.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了Karla’s Pet Care 提供的宠物护理服务，包括服务内容、优势、客
户评价等。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Karla’s Pet Care prides itself with dependable and professional care for owners
and their beautiful pets in their home. (Karla’s Pet Care 以在主人家中为他们和他们美丽的宠物提供可靠和专业
的护理而自豪。)”以及下文对服务内容、优势等的介绍可知，这则广告的主要目的是推广宠物服务。故选
A 项。
2．细节理解题。根据Bonus Services 部分中“Although your pet is our main focus, we can help do a few light
housekeeping tasks with no extra charge, such as watering a few plants, fetching your mails and taking garbage can
to roadsides and back for trash day, and so on. (虽然您的宠物是我们的主要关注点，但我们可以免费帮助做一
些轻松的家务，比如给一些植物浇水、取邮件、在垃圾日把垃圾桶拿到路边再拿回来等等。)”可知，
Karla’s Pet Care 提供的额外服务包括给植物浇水。故选C 项。
3．细节理解题。根据Our Clients Love Us!部分中Dacre J.的留言“Karla’s pet sitting service is fabulous. The
best part is Karla sends a text every time she visits, telling us that my angel ate, pottied, and of course barked. This
personal touch made a huge difference and made me feel so much better. (Karla 的宠物看护服务真是太棒了！最
让人满意的是，她每次上门都会发来短信，告诉我我家小宝贝吃饭、排便的情况，当然还有它汪汪叫的日
常。这种人性化的关怀带来了巨大不同，让我倍感安心。)”可知，最让Dacre J.满意的是Karla’s Pet Care 对
宠物情况的及时更新。故选B 项。
【变式1-2】(25-26 高三上·山东名校考试联盟·期中)
The Great British Bucket List was founded by award-winning bloggers Macca Sherifi and Chloe Gunning. After
5 years running their successful travel blogs, An Adventurous World and Wanderlust Chloe, they launched this site
in 2020, to shine a light on their home country of Great Britain.
England in autumn is full of amazing things to do. Let’s dive in and find out more.
Paddleboard on Lake Windermere
One of the best ways to enjoy Lake Windermere, the largest lake in the country, is by getting out on the water.
Paddleboarding is popular and there are plenty of shops where you can rent crafts. It’s a super calm way to take in
this amazing part of the Lake District National Park.
See the changing colours in the New Forest
If you want to go on gorgeous hikes and be surrounded by the changing colours that come with England in
Autumn, you need to head to the New Forest National Park. It’s a great place to hike, wander, or cycle, with a ton of
trails that range from beginner all the way to advance.
Explore Westonbirt Arboretum
One of the best places to see the autumn foliage (叶) change is the Westonbirt Arboretum in Gloucestershire.
Full of over 2,500 different species of trees, there is so much to see and do, making it the perfect place for a family
walk or a getaway in the countryside. If you’re looking for a great place to take photos of the autumn colors, you’ll
be hard-pressed to find a better place to visit!
Take in the fireworks displays on Bonfire Night
Held on the 5th November every single year in London, Bonfire Night celebrates the failed Gunpowder Plot.
Huge bonfires are held all around and they’re capped off with vibrant firework displays. Some of the biggest are in
the capital down by the River Thames, where you will be fascinated by the fall charm.
1． What can be learned about the site?
A．It has been run for a decade.
B．Its founders are accomplished.
C．It was set up earlier than the blog.
D．It was established to publicize hiking.
2． Where shall a fan of photography and nature go?
A．Lake Windermere.
B．The New Forest National Park.
C．Westonbirt Arboretum.
D．Bonfire Night in London.
3． What do the recommended activities have in common?
A．They are centered around water sports.
B．They are suitable for family participation.
C．They require a high level of physical fitness to participate.
D．They allow people to engage with the natural autumn scenery.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了英国秋季值得体验的活动和景点。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段“The Great British Bucket List was founded by award-winning bloggers Macca
Sherifi and Chloe Gunning. After 5 years running their successful travel blogs, An Adventurous World and Wanderlust
Chloe, they launched this site in 2020, to shine a light on their home country of Great Britain.(The Great British
Bucket List 由屡获殊荣的博主Macca Sherifi 和Chloe Gunning 创立。在成功运营了他们的旅游博客An
Adventurous World 和Wanderlust Chloe 五年后，他们于2020 年推出了这个网站，以照亮他们的祖国英
国。)”可知，这个网站的创建者是经验丰富且成就斐然的博主。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据Explore Westonbirt Arboretum 部分中“One of the best places to see the autumn
foliage (叶) change is the Westonbirt Arboretum in Gloucestershire. Full of over 2,500 different species of trees, there
is so much to see and do, making it the perfect place for a family walk or a getaway in the countryside. If you’re
looking for a great place to take photos of the autumn colors, you’ll be hard-pressed to find a better place to visit!(观赏秋
叶变化的最佳地点之一是格洛斯特郡的韦斯顿伯特植物园。这里有超过2500 种不同的树木，有很多可看可
做的事情，是家庭散步或乡村度假的理想之地。如果你正在寻找一个拍摄秋色的好地方，你将很难找到一
个更好的地方去参观！)”可知，喜欢摄影和自然的人应该去Westonbirt Arboretum。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据第二段“England in autumn is full of amazing things to do. Let’s dive in and find out
more.(秋天的英格兰充满了令人惊叹的活动。让我们深入探索，了解更多详情。)”、Paddleboard on Lake
Windermere 部分中“Paddleboarding is popular and there are plenty of shops where you can rent crafts. It’s a super
calm way to take in this amazing part of the Lake District National Park.(桨板运动很受欢迎，有很多商店可以租
桨板。这是一种超级平静的方式来欣赏湖区国家公园这个令人惊叹的地方。)”、See the changing colours in
the New Forest 部分中“If you want to go on gorgeous hikes and be surrounded by the changing colours that come
with England in Autumn, you need to head to the New Forest National Park.(如果你想进行华丽的徒步旅行，并
被英国秋天带来的变化色彩所包围，你需要前往新森林国家公园。)”、Explore Westonbirt Arboretum 部分
中“One of the best places to see the autumn foliage (叶) change is the Westonbirt Arboretum in Gloucestershire.(观赏
秋叶变化的最佳地点之一是格洛斯特郡的韦斯顿伯特植物园。)”以及最后一段中“Some of the biggest are in
the capital down by the River Thames, where you will be fascinated by the fall charm.(其中一些最大的烟花表演
在首都泰晤士河畔举行，在那里，你会被秋天的魅力深深吸引。)”可知，这些活动都让人们能够接触并欣
赏到英国秋季的自然景色。故选D。
考向02 间接理解题
【例2-1】（广东“六校联盟”2026 届高三年级第二次联考英语试题）
How to Apply for Fly-In Programs?
1. What are applicants of fly-in programs advised to do?
A. Plan for potential fees.
B. Make a list of programs.
C. Avoid last-minute submission.
D. Provide evidence of research.
【答案】C
【详解】 此为间接细节题，解题需要准确定位申请指导部分。正确选项C 的依据：Submit before the
deadline!(Last-minute packing leads to forgotten items. )在申请指导部分明确提到"注意申请截止日期，并尽早
提交申请，因为席位有限"，这直接对应"避免最后一刻提交"的建议。错误选项解析：A. 错误原因：虽然
文章提到"查看项目是否涵盖所有费用"，但这是提醒了解情况，而非明确建议"为潜在费用做计划"。B. 错
误原因："列出项目清单"是研究阶段的具体操作，但非文章明确给出的建议。D. 错误原因：文章未提及需
要提供研究证明。
【例2-2】（2025-2026 学年度武汉市部分学校高三年级九月调研考试）
Easthope is an emergency planner whose job is to support the survivors of major disasters, in which capacity
she acted following the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami and the fire at Grenfell Tower. For two decades, the public knew
nothing about this vital work, which went on behind the scenes, though she was hugely admired in what we might
call professional disaster circles: a voice of calm and a fountain of wisdom. But in 2023, she published a best-selling
book about her career, When the Dust Settles, and that changed. People became very interested in what she did.
1. What led to increased public awareness of Easthope’s work in 2023?
A. The publication of a best seller.
B. The growth of professional disaster circles.
C. Her involvement in2004 tsunami relief.
D. Her sudden rise to fame through media.
【答案】A
【详解】 此题为间接细节题。解题关键在于定位时间点“2023”和“认知度提高”的原因。第二段
最后一句明确写道“But in 2023, she published a best-selling book about her career... and that changed.
People became very interested in what she did.”这直接对应A 选项“一本畅销书的出版”。B 选项“专业
灾难圈子的发展”文中未提及，她只是在圈内早已知名。C 选项“她参与2004 年海啸救援工作”是她过去
的经历，并非2023 年认知度突然提升的原因。D 选项“通过媒体突然成名”是干扰项，其成名的具体途径
是“出版书籍”，而非广义的“媒体”。
【变式2-1】(25-26 高三上·湖南衡阳第八中学·期中)
We’ re happy to introduce News for Classroom Use: a weekly newsletter with a piece of news and activities
based on it which you can use as a warm-up, a filler or a wrap-up task. The newsletter might include: discussion
questions, tasks around headlines and images, comments to respond to, vocabulary and links to related ESL Brains
lesson plans.
How to use the newsletter
The stories covered in the newsletter range from breaking news to more evergreen content which you will be
able to go back to according to your students’ needs. The newsletter itself has several parts.
INTRO: A short paragraph describing what the news is about. You might need to read it out to students or it
may also serve as a reference point to you, depending on the activities that go with the particular piece of news.
ACTIVITY: A task or tasks for students to work on in the classroom. Each newsletter contains a set of questions
related to the news. You might ask students to discuss all of them or just some of them. If you teach lower-level
students, use the easier questions or just ask students to say what they think about the news. Other activities might
include completing headlines, commenting on pictures, reporting what students have heard about the news, etc.
Subscribe to the newsletter
If you are an Unlimited or a Premium user and you’ re subscribed to our newsletters, the News for Classroom
Use newsletter will drop into your mailbox every Wednesday.
1． Who is the text intended for?
A．News presenters.
B．Reporters.
C．Foreign students. D．Teachers.
2． Which is a feature of the newsletter?
A．It posts daily updates.
B．It features breaking news.
C．It offers reusable reading materials
D．It contains real-time comments.
3． What activity can be recommended to beginners?
A．Rewriting related news.
B．Expressing their opinions.
解｜题｜技｜巧
定位关键信息后，着重把握句间逻辑关系。正确答案往往需要对原文信息进行适度整合或因果推断，
而非简单复现。
注｜意｜事｜项
忠于原文逻辑，区分直接信息与间接推断。答案必然基于文本，正确选项常为原文信息的同义转述或
适度归纳，而非简单原词照搬。警惕选项利用文中词汇编织与题干无关的信息。
C．Choosing news pictures.
D．contributing to the newsletter.
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍“课堂使用新闻”周刊的内容构成、使用方法及订阅方式，为
特定用户提供教学辅助参考。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“We’re happy to introduce News for Classroom Use: a weekly newsletter with
a piece of news and activities based on it which you can use as a warm-up, a filler or a wrap-up task. (我们很高兴
介绍《课堂使用新闻》：这是一份周刊，包含一则新闻及基于该新闻的活动，你可将其用作热身、过渡或
收尾任务。)”以及INTRO 部分中的“You might need to read it out to students or it may also serve as a reference
point to you, depending on the activities that go with the particular piece of news. (根据这则特定新闻配套的活动
安排，你或许需要向学生宣读它，或者它也可能成为你的参考依据。)”以及ACTIVITY 部分中的“You
might need to read it out to students or it may also serve as a reference point to you, depending on the activities that
go with the particular piece of news. (你或许需要把它读给学生听，或者它也可能成为你的参考依据
具
——
体如何使用，取决于与这则特定新闻搭配的活动是什么。)”可知，文中多次出现“你的学生”、“教学”
等与教师相关的表述，由此可推断，该文本的目标读者是教师。故选D 项。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The stories covered in the newsletter range from breaking news to more
evergreen content which you will be able to go back to according to your students’ needs.(该周刊涵盖的新闻故事
从突发新闻到长期适用的内容不等，你可根据学生需求反复使用这些内容。)”可知，周刊包含可反复使用
的内容，即提供可重复利用的阅读材料。故选C 项。
3．细节理解题。根据ACTIVITY 部分中的“If you teach lower-level students, use the easier questions or just
ask students to say what they think about the news. (如果您教授水平较低的学生（初学者），可以使用较简单
的问题，或者直接让学生说出他们对这则新闻的看法。)”可知，向初学者推荐的活动是让他们表达自己的
观点。故选B 项。
【变式2-2】(25-26 高三上·重庆南开中学·期中)
At nine years old, I didn’t realize how extraordinary it was for me and my grandmother to travel from our
Black neighborhood to the mainly white Revere Beach. While Black families stayed together in one section, rarely
venturing out alone, my grandmother stood out — confident and athletic while swimming, unlike the other women
worried about their hair or suits.
She would carry me on her back into the ocean, moving steadily along the tide. I followed my grandmother’s
strong motions, thrilled by the wild sea and her fearlessness. I admired how she seemed born to the water, emerging
like a queen — proud, radiant, and benevolent.
Summer made our Black bodies more visible and vulnerable against narrow cultural ideals, but my grandmother
never noticed. She focused on teaching me to swim — a skill that seemed unnecessary to some, as the popular media
never portrayed the “great outdoors” as a welcoming place for Black people. It was seen as a space where we might
feel uncomfortable or even threatened. But to me, those perceptions didn’t matter. When I finally learned to swim, it
felt like I had unlocked a profound and personal secret of strength and freedom.
I once wondered why enslaved Africans didn’t jump from ships near shore and swim to freedom. Later I
learned that most coastal waters in West Africa were filled with poisonous fish, making swimming uncommon and
dangerous. Now, whenever I enter the ocean, I remember my ancestors for whom the sea was a place of terror rather
than freedom.
Only after my grandmother’s death did I learn she wasn’t a strong swimmer herself. She had been brushing
the ocean floor with her feet all along, keeping us afloat while teaching me rhythm and trust. Her quiet deception was
not a lie but a profound act of bravery and courage. Though she hadn’t mastered it herself, my grandmother was
determined to teach me to swim — not for the strokes, but for the strength and self-belief that would keep me afloat
in life.
1． How was the grandmother different from other women at the beach?
A．She stayed with Black families only.
B．She avoided getting her hair and suits wet.
C．She seemed to swim with ease and strength.
D．She stood outside of the swimming section.
2． What does the author realize about African slaves?
A．They were poisonous by sea creatures.
B．They didn’t enjoy outdoor activities.
C．They rarely swam due to natural dangers.
D．They could have easily escaped by swimming.
3． Why did the grandmother teach the author to swim?
A．To challenge her limits.
B．To build her confidence.
C．To prepare her for dangers at sea.
D．To prove Black people could swim.
【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者回忆祖母教自己游泳的经历，以及这段经历对作者产生
的深远影响。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“At nine years old, I didn’t realize how extraordinary it was for me and my
grandmother to travel from our Black neighborhood to the mainly white Revere Beach. While Black families stayed
together in one section, rarely venturing out alone, my grandmother stood out — confident and athletic while
swimming, unlike the other women worried about their hair or suits. (九岁那年，我还没意识到，我和奶奶从我
们居住的黑人社区，前往以白人为主的里维尔海滩，是一件多么不寻常的事。当时黑人家庭都聚在海滩的
一个区域，很少有人单独外出，而奶奶却格外显眼
她游泳时自信又矫健，不像其他女性那样顾虑头
——
发或泳衣是否会乱。)”可知，祖母和其他女人不一样，她在游泳时自信且健壮，而其他女人担心自己的头
发或衣服。因此，祖母与其他女人的不同之处在于她游泳时显得轻松而有力。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第四段中“I once wondered why enslaved Africans didn’t jump from ships near shore and
swim to freedom. Later I learned that most coastal waters in West Africa were filled with poisonous fish, making
swimming uncommon and dangerous. (我曾经想知道为什么被奴役的非洲人没有从靠近岸边的船上跳下来，
游到自由的地方。后来我了解到，西非的大部分沿海水域都充满了有毒的鱼，这使得游泳变得不常见且危
险。)”可知，作者后来了解到，西非的大部分沿海水域都充满了有毒的鱼，这使得游泳变得不常见且危险，
所以非洲奴隶很少游泳是因为自然危险。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Though she hadn’t mastered it herself, my grandmother was determined to
teach me to swim — not for the strokes, but for the strength and self-belief that would keep me afloat in life. ( 虽然
祖母自己并没有掌握游泳，但她决心教我游泳
不是为了划水，而是为了让我在生活中保持力量和自
——
信。)”可知，祖母教作者游泳不是为了划水，而是为了让她在生活中保持力量和自信。因此，祖母教作者
游泳是为了建立她的自信。故选B。
考向03 因果关系题
【例3-1】（浙江省杭州第二中学2025-2026 学年高三上学期10 月月考英语试题）
For decades, Body Mass Index (BMI) dominated weight assessments. This simple height-weight calculation
sorts people from underweight to overweight. Yet Dr. Melanie Jay from NYU points out its problems: BMI gives the
same ranges for 20-year-old athletes and 70-year-old grandparents. It ignores muscle mass, bone density, and health
conditions, sometimes regarding fit individuals as overweight. Recent studies show that nearly 30% of people
classified as overweight by BMI actually have healthy body fat percentages and normal metabolic profiles.
1. Why does the author mention 20-year-old athletes and 70-year-old grandparents?
A. To show BMI’s limitations.
B. To prove BMI’s popularity.
C. To describe BMI’s main users.
D. To introduce BMI’s target group.
【答案】A
【详解】 此题为因果关系题。解题关键在于理解该例子在段落论证中所起的具体作用。正确选项A
的依据：该例子出现在第2 段，该段的核心是批判BMI 的缺陷。在提出“BMI gives the same ranges
for...” 之前，本段先总述“ BMI dominated...” ，然后通过“ Yet Dr. Melanie Jay... points out its
problems”进行转折。这个例子紧随其后，是作为“its problems”的具体例证。它生动地说明了BMI 标准
“一刀切”的荒谬性，即它无法区分体质截然不同的人群，从而证明了其“ignores muscle mass, bone
density, and health conditions”的局限性。错误选项解析：B. To prove BMI’s popularity.（为了证明BMI
的流行度）：错误。该例子意在批判BMI 的问题，而非证明其流行。段首句已说明其“dominated”，无
需再证明。C. To describe BMI’s main users.（为了描述BMI 的主要使用者）：错误。运动员和祖父母是
为了对比说明问题而举的例子，并非在描述BMI 的主要用户群体。D. To introduce BMI’s target group.
（为了介绍BMI 的目标群体）：错误。BMI 作为一种通用筛查工具，并无特定目标群体。例子旨在揭示其
普适性标准本身存在的问题。
【例3-2】（2025-2026 学年第一学期天域全国名校协作体10 月联考英语试题）
The Coller Dolittle Challenge financed by Jeremy Coller, a vegan and animal lover, is unashamedly modelled
on the Turing test (图灵测试). That 20th-century test promotes efforts to design a machine capable of imitating
human conversation, and became a touchstone in the evolution of AI. It also became a focus for concerns about
machines tricking, even taking over, humans. The ability to commune with other species is likely to raise similar,
unsettling questions as research progresses. If we were able to decode animal chatter, should this knowledge change
how we treat them, whether as pets, labour or food? The prize presents a moral challenge and it forces us to reconsider
our relationships with other species.
1. Why is Turing test mentioned in the passage?
A. To stress its role and value in AI progress.
B. To show its difference from the Challenge.
C. To warn of concerns the Challenge may face.
D. To show its use in interspecies communication.
【答案】C
【详解】此题为因果关系题。 解题关键在于把握第二段中图灵测试与挑战的类比关系。原文明确提到
图灵测试“became a focus for concerns about machines tricking, even taking over, humans”（成为了对
机器欺骗甚至接管人类的担忧焦点），并紧接着指出“The ability to commune with other species is likely
to raise similar, unsettling questions”（与其他物种交流的能力可能引发类似的、令人不安的问题）。因此，
提及图灵测试的核心目的是预警跨物种沟通研究可能面临的类似伦理和社会担忧。A 选项虽陈述事实，但
未触及作者引用图灵测试的深层意图；B 选项“显示不同”与原文“modelled on”（以...为模型）的表述
矛盾；D 选项“在跨物种沟通中使用”属于无中生有，图灵测试本身并未用于跨物种沟通。
【变式3-1】(25-26 高三上·山西运城·期中节选)
Old buildings tend to be regarded as throwaways and suitable for being torn down. Most people have not fully
realized the “green” values that are linked with the upkeep of existing buildings. Actually, in fact, keeping and making
use of old architectures is one of the most environmentally-sound things we can do — more than the construction of
any new structures that claims to be “green”.
Aged communities, which have developed and changed organically over an extended period, possess unique
cultures of their own. The buildings within them are irreplaceable to the environment. Opting not to sustain such
architectures essentially is like sentencing a special community to disappearance. Building “green” can be about
preserving time-honored, local building traditions that respect regional cultures, rather than just using the latest and
greatest technologies.
The building materials and craftsmanship are also entitled to respect, not simply due to the environmental cost
of the extraction (开采), transportation and production of them, but on account of the reality that some of such
materials and the craftsmanship related will no longer exist. My little river cottage in West Virginia, which is
constructed with chestnut sourced from the period prior to the die-off of the chestnut trees, is such that the material
in question may never again be obtained. However, the prospective purchaser planned to tear it down, which, in my
view, is not only a mark of disrespect for the material but also goes against the concept of sustainable development.
解｜题｜技｜巧
定位事例的论证功能，把握上下文逻辑关联。正确选项需准确反映作者引用该事例的深层意图，通常
服务于段落的核心论点。
注｜意｜事｜项
避免脱离语境孤立理解事例。核心是判断“例子为何出现”，而非“例子是什么”。警惕正确但非原
因的信息、与原文逻辑相悖或过度衍生的选项。
As the Preservation Green Lab report demonstrates, it takes 10 to 80 years for a new building that is 30 percent
more efficient than an average-performing existing building to overcome the negative climate change consequences
linked to the construction, which emphasizes the necessity of ongoing utilization of pre-existing buildings and
communities, effectively preventing or minimizing the utilization of forests, farms, wildlife habitats, and open areas
for novel construction undertakings.
1． How do most people address old buildings?
A．They restore them actively.
B．They take them seriously.
C．They explore them fully.
D．They treat them lightly.
2． Why does the author mention his little river cottage in the passage?
A．To highlight the virtue of keeping old constructions.
B．To demonstrate the shortage of building materials.
C．To display the attachment to the old constructions.
D．To explain the complexity of building houses.
【答案】1．D 2．A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了旧建筑具有“绿色”价值，强调保留和利用旧建筑、社区的
必要性，呼吁人们重视现存建筑。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Old buildings tend to be regarded as throwaways and suitable for being torn
down. Most people have not fully realized the “green” values that are linked with the upkeep of existing buildings.(旧建
筑往往被视为废弃物，适合被拆除。大多数人尚未充分认识到与维护现有建筑相关的“绿色”价值)”可知，
大多数人轻视旧建筑，随意对待它们。故选D 项。
2．因果关系题。根据第三段“The building materials and craftsmanship are also entitled to respect, not
simply due to the environmental cost of the extraction(开采), transportation and production of them, but on account
of the reality that some of such materials and the craftsmanship related will no longer exist. My little river cottage in
West Virginia, which is constructed with chestnut sourced from the period prior to the die-off of the chestnut trees, is
such that the material in question may never again be obtained. However, the prospective purchaser planned to tear
it down, which, in my view, is not only a mark of disrespect for the material but also goes against the concept of
sustainable development.(建筑材料和工艺也应该得到尊重，这不仅仅是因为它们的提取、运输和生产的环境
成本，而是因为其中一些材料和相关的工艺将不复存在的现实。我在西弗吉尼亚州的小河边小屋，是用栗
子树灭绝之前那个时期的栗子木建造的，这种材料可能再也无法获得了。然而，潜在的买家计划把它拆掉，
在我看来，这不仅是对材料的不尊重，也违背了可持续发展的理念)”中先提出“建筑材料和工艺应该得到
尊重，因为其中一些材料和相关的工艺将不复存在”这一观点，然后以作者自己的小屋为例，说明把它拆
除后其材料可能再也无法获得了。由此推知，作者在提到他的小河边小屋是为了强调保留旧建筑的好处和
价值，即保留可能再也无法获得的建筑材料和工艺。故选A 项。
【变式3-2】(25-26 高三上·重庆南开中学·期中)
Have you ever heard about Black Friday and Cyber Monday? Surely, they are all about finding the best deals
on holiday gifts for yourself and family members. And have you heard about GivingTuesday? Here is something
about it!
GivingTuesday is observed annually on the Tuesday after Thanksgiving, which encourages people to help
those in need by making financial donations or doing good in their local community. The “Global Day of Giving”
was started in 2012 by New York City nonprofit 92nd Street Y and the United Nations Foundation.
Unlike Black Friday, GivingTuesday serves a more altruistic purpose. In its first year, the movement brought in
almost $10 million for charities, and things have only improved since. In 2019, many GivingTuesday social media
campaigns worldwide helped raise an amazing $ 1.9 billion from 27 million donors! Over the past five years, many
higher education institutions have also been using the Tuesday after Thanksgiving to ask alumni for donations. In
2019, the University of Michigan, which calls it Blueday, received 5887 gifts totaling over $4 million, while
Pennsylvania State University raised $710 000 to benefit over 85 University programs.
1．Why does the author mention Black Friday and Cyber Monday in Paragraph 1?
A．To make a comparison.
B．To lead to the topic.
C．To arouse readers’ interest.
D．To express his doubt.
2．What’s the aim of GivingTuesday?
A．To promote the development of economy.
B．To attract people to buy more holiday gifts.
C．To call on more universities to donate money.
D．To encourage people to help those in need.
【答案】1．B 2．D
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了GivingTuesday 的起源、发展以及在这一天人们做的慈善活
动。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Have you ever heard about Black Friday and Cyber Monday? Surely, they are
all about finding the best deals on holiday gifts for yourself and family members. And have you heard about
GivingTuesday? Here is something about it!(你听说过黑色星期五和网络星期一吗？当然，他们都可以来为自
己和家人找到最划算的节日礼物。你听说过“GivingTuesday”吗？这里有一些关于它的东西！)”可推知，作
者在第一段提及Black Friday 和Cyber Monday 这两个节日是为了更好地引出文章的主题— —
GivingTuesday。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“GivingTuesday is observed annually on the Tuesday after Thanksgiving,
which encourages people to help those in need by making financial donations or doing good in their local
community.(感恩节后的周二是一年一度的“给予星期二”，鼓励人们通过捐款或在当地社区做善事来帮助
那些需要帮助的人)”可知，GivingTuesday 旨在鼓励人们通过捐款或为他们所在的社区做好事来帮助那些需
要帮助的人。故选D。
考向04 数字计算题
【例4-1】（湖南省华大新高考联盟2025-2026 学年高三上学期9 月教学质量测评英语试题）
Price
Age
15~59
60~85
11~14
4~10
1~3
Price
$105.00
$100.00
$87.00
$78.00
$0.00
Additional Info
Confirmation will be received upon booking
Not wheelchair accessible
Stroller (婴儿车) accessible
Baby seats available
Bottled water
Near public transportation
Most travelers can participate
Cancellation without processing fee (up to 24 hours before the tour starts)
1. How much should a young couple with 5-year-old twins pay?
A. $183.00.
B. $261.00.
C $366.00.
D. $384.00.
【答案】C
【详解】 此题为数字计算题。解析: 此题为价格计算题，解题关键在于准确对应价格表中的年龄分段：
•
年轻夫妇（年龄在15-59 岁区间）：$105.00/人 × 2 = $210.00
•
5 岁双胞胎（属于4-10 岁区间）：$78.00/人 × 2 = $156.00
总计：$210.00 + $156.00 = $366.00
错误选项分析：
A ($183.00)：可能误将儿童价格当作成人价格计算
B ($261.00)：可能只计算了夫妇费用而未计入儿童费用
D ($384.00)：可能错误适用了其他年龄区间的价格标准
【例4-2】（江西省南昌市2026 届高三年级9 月测试试题（零模））
In major cities across Europe and the US, shared bikes and cars seem to be everywhere. Yet for disabled, elderly,
low-income individuals, or those without a smartphone or credit card, these services are practically out of reach. Such
services tend to gather in wealthy urban areas, leaving users largely young, wealthy, and able-bodied.
1. What is the percentage gap between lower and higher income users in Barrier 1?
A.3%.
B.16%.
C.26%.
D.71%.
【答案】B
【详解】此题为数字计算题。此为数据计算题。根据表格数据，障碍①（对系统缺乏了解）中，低收
入群体占比42%，高收入群体占比26%，差距计算为42%-26%=16%。A 选项3%是障碍③的差距值（27%-
24%），C 选项26%是高收入群体自身占比，D 选项71%是布法罗项目中首次骑行者的比例。
【变式4-1】(2026 届山东省济南市高三年级英语开学摸底考试节选)
Duration and Rewards
Start Date
July 14th,2025
Format
Fully remote
Program Options
Duration
Hours/week
Hourly Rate
Additional Rewards
4 weeks
10
$5
$20
8 weeks
10
$6
$30
Note: Those who finish all required tasks (whether for the 4-week track or the 8-week track) will be qualified
for an additional reward.
1. How much will an 8-weeks extern earn at most upon full completion?
A.$200.
B.$220,
C.$510.
D.$480.
【答案】1．C
【导语】此题为数字计算题，解题关键在于理解“at most upon full completion”（完全完成后最多能
赚取）的含义，这需要将基本工资和额外奖励相加。首先，计算8 周项目的基本工资：每周工作10 小时，
时薪$6。总基本工资 = 8 周 * 10 小时/周 * $6/小时 = $480。其次，注意表格下方的注释：“Those who
finish all required tasks... will be qualified for an additional reward.”（完成所有必需任务……将有资格
获得额外奖励）。8 周项目的额外奖励是$30。因此，最高总收入 = 基本工资 ($480) + 额外奖励 ($30) =
$510。选项A ($200) 和B ($220) 远低于计算结果。选项D ($480) 是未计算额外奖励的基本工资总额，不
符合“upon full completion”（完全完成）的条件。
【变式3-2】(浙江省强基联盟2025 年10 月高三联考英语试题节选)
A groundbreaking study published in The Lancet Public Health reveals that walking 7,000 steps daily can
significantly enhance brain function and lower the risk of major diseases, challenging the widely accepted but
解｜题｜技｜巧
准确锁定所有相关数据点，理清数据间逻辑关系。通过必要计算得出答案，避免直接照搬文中单一数
字。
注｜意｜事｜项
计算前务必确认数据对应关系，避免张冠李戴。警惕选项中的"近似值"和"文中出现但不符合题意的数
字"。完成计算后，需验证结果是否符合常识和题目情境。
unscientific 10,000-step standard.
Key Findings:
After analyzing data from more than 160,000 adults globally, researchers discovered that compared to just 2,000
steps per day, achieving 7,000 steps leads to:
25%lower risk of heart disease
6% reduced chance of cancer
38%decreased dementia risk
22%lower likelihood of depression
Lead researcher Dr.Melody Ding clarifies that the 10,000-step target traces back to a 1960s Japanese
pedometer (计步器) marketing strategy rather than medical evidence.
1. How many steps per day can significantly lower disease risks according to the study?
A.2,000 steps.
B.4,000 steps.
C.7,000 steps.
D.10,000 steps.
【答案】C
【分析】此题为数字计算题，文章开篇明确指出“walking 7,000 steps daily can significantly enhance
brain function and lower the risk of major diseases”，并在“Key Findings”部分详细列出了与2,000 步
相比，7,000 步带来的各项疾病风险降低数据。选项A (2,000 步) 是对照基准而非有效目标；选项B (4,000
步) 在“Practical Advice”中仅被提及为有改善但非显著降低风险的最佳步数；选项D (10,000 步) 被研究
明确指出来自营销策略而非医学证据。因此，研究支持的显著有效步数为7,000 步。
专题01 高考真题练
A
(2025 年全国高考二卷英语真题)
English Market Towns to Visit in the UK
English market towns come in many shapes and sizes. Each has a personality shaped by the goods and services
produced and traded for centuries. But each town has more to do than shop.
Hereford, Herefordshire
Hereford has remained a lively market town since 1189. Skirting the town square, you’ll find lovely shops,
eateries, and the Black and White House Museum. The Hereford Cathedral is the most impressive building in town.
It’s also home to an ancient library. One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there.
Ludlow, Shropshire
Ludlow is known as the Foodie Center of England. Butcher shops, greengrocers, bakeries, and cheese shops
line the town square. Bordering the square, the Ludlow Castle is a “must explore” medieval stronghold. The three-
day Ludlow Food Festival is held each September.
Shrewsbury, Shropshire
Getting to Shrewsbury Town Center from London is challenging but worth the anxiety. The River Severn has
a significant turn through town, almost making an island of Shrewsbury Town Center. The shape creates a perfect
market where goods could be shipped and received using the river as a highway. Flowers are everywhere-hanging
baskets, window boxes, and planters-just what you imagine in an attractive English market town.
Mevagissey, Cornwall
Even if you haven’t been to the small fishing village Mevagissey, you’ve probably seen it in a movie or British
TV show. The working harbor (港口) took shape in 1774. Fishermen go out to sea daily and sell their fish in
harbor-side markets. Don’t leave the harbor without a traditional Cornish pie. It’s delicious.
1．Where can you find an original copy of the Magna Carta?
A．In the Ludlow Castle.
B．In the Foodie Center of England.
C．In the Hereford Cathedral.
D．In the Black and White House Museum.
2．What is a feature of Shrewsbury Town Center?
A．It’s situated near a big island.
B．It’s almost surrounded by water.
C．It’s known for its flower festival.
D．It’s easily accessible from London.
3．What does the author suggest visitors do in Mevagissey?
A．Try the Cornish pie.
B．Watch a British TV show.
C．Go fishing in the sea.
D．Take pictures of the harbor.
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了英国值得一游的四个市场小镇及其特色和亮点。
1．细节理解题。根据Hereford, Herefordshire 部分中“The Hereford Cathedral is the most impressive building
in town. It’s also home to an ancient library. One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there.
(赫里福德大教堂是镇上最令人印象深刻的建筑。它还拥有一座古老的图书馆，《大宪章》的四份原始副本
之一便陈列于此)”可知，在赫里福德大教堂可以找到《大宪章》的原始副本。故选C 项。
2．细节理解题。根据Shrewsbury, Shropshire 部分中“The River Severn has a significant turn through town,
almost making an island of Shrewsbury Town Center. The shape creates a perfect market where goods could be
shipped and received using the river as a highway. (塞文河在流经小镇时出现一个明显的转弯，几乎将什鲁斯
伯里镇中心变成一座孤岛。这种地形造就了一个绝佳的集市，在这里，人们可以借助这条河流作为运输通
道来收发货物)”可知，什鲁斯伯里镇中心几乎被水包围。故选B 项。
3．细节理解题。根据Mevagissey, Cornwall 部分中“Don’t leave the harbor without a traditional Comish pie.
It’s delicious. (离开港口前一定要尝尝传统的康沃尔馅饼。它很美味)”可知，作者建议游客在梅瓦吉西一定
要尝尝康沃尔馅饼。故选A 项。
B
(2025 年全国高考一卷英语真题)
The greening of planes, trains and automobiles
Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2 emissions (排放). As
the world races to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems with transportation — which accounts for
about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for
different modes of transport.
The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough to
be carried around. Each mode of transport has its specific fuel needs. Much is still to be settled, but here are some of
the solutions to get us going green.
PLANES — Synthetic hydrocarbonsThe
hardest sector to decarbonize is aviation. One
long-term option for sustainable fuel for planes
is to make hydrocarbons from recycled air.
CARS — BatteriesBatteries are energy-efficient and electric
cars can plug into existing systems and services. New solid-
state batteries will take a car farther on a single charge.
TRAINS — ElectricitySome
trains are already electrified
through rails or wires; others
can be made electric in pretty
simple ways.
TRUCKS — Hydrogenfuel cells
Hydrogen fuel cells are a lighter
choice than batteries for trucks, but
making green hydrogen is expensive.
SHIPS — Liquid ammoniaLiquid
ammonia is easy to keep and
transport, but it is hard to ignite (点
燃) and requires an engine redesign.
This energy transition (变革) is global, and the amount of renewable energy the world will need is “a little bit
mind-blowing,” says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. It’s estimated
that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050. Fortunately, analyses suggest that renewables
are up to the task. “We need to speed up the development of green energy, and it will all get used,” says Wipke.
1．What percentage of global transport emissions did road vehicles account for in 2018?
A．11.6%.
B．45.1%.
C．74.5%.
D．86.1%.
2．Which mode of transport can go green comparatively easily?
A．Planes.
B．Trucks.
C．Trains.
D．Ships.
3．What does Wipke suggest regarding energy transition?
A．Limiting fuel consumption.
B．Putting more effort into renewables.
C．Improving energy efficiency.
D．Making electricity more affordable.
【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2018 年不同交通方式的温室气体排放占比，以及飞机、汽车
等各类交通工具的未来绿色燃料路径。
1．细节理解题。根据图表信息ROAD VEHICLES 部分中“ROAD (PASSENGER) 45.1% (道路(客
运)45.1%)”以及“ROAD (GOODS) 29.4% (道路(货运)29.4%)”可知，道路车辆总占比为45.1%
+29.4%=74.5%，即道路车辆在2018 年全球交通排放中占比74.5%。故选C 项。
2．细节理解题。根据图表信息TRAINS — Electricity 部分中“Some trains are already electrified through rails
or wires; others can be made electric in pretty simple ways. (一些列车已经通过轨道或电线实现了电气化；其他
火车可以通过非常简单的方式实现电动化)”可知，火车相较其他交通方式更易实现绿色化。故选C 项。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中““We need to speed up the development of green energy and it will all get
used,” says Wipke. (Wipke 说：“我们需要加速绿色能源的开发，而且这些能源都会被利用起来。”)”可知，
Wipke 建议加大对可再生能源的投入，即加大对绿色能源的投入。故选B 项。
C
(2024 年新课标全国Ⅱ卷英语真题)
Choice of Walks for Beginner and Experienced Walkers
The Carlow Autumn Walking Festival is a great opportunity for the beginner, experienced or advanced walker
to enjoy the challenges of Carlow’s mountain hikes or the peace of its woodland walks.
Walk 1 — The Natural World
With environmentalist Éanna Lamhna as the guide, this walk promises to be an informative tour. Walkers are
sure to learn lots about the habitats and natural world of the Blackstairs.
Date and Time: Saturday, 1st October, at 09:00
Start Point: Scratoes Bridge
Walk Duration: 6 hours
Walk 2 — Introduction to Hillwalking
Emmanuel Chappard, an experienced guide, has a passion for making the great outdoors accessible to all. This
mountain walk provides an insight into the skills required for hillwalking to ensure you get the most from future
walking trips.
Date and Time: Sunday, 2nd October, at 09:00
Start Point: Deerpark Car Park
Walk Duration: 5 hours
Walk 3 — Moonlight Under the Stars
Walking at night-time is a great way to step out of your comfort zone. Breathtaking views of the lowlands of
Carlow can be enjoyed in the presence of welcoming guides from local walking clubs. A torch (手电筒) along with
suitable clothing is essential for walking in the dark. Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused permission
to participate.
Date and Time: Saturday, 1st October, at 18:30
Start Point: The Town Hall
Walk Duration: 3 hours
Walk 4 — Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest
This informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces you to the basic principles of photography in the wild.
Bring along your camera and enjoy the wonderful views along this well-surfaced forest path.
Date and Time: Sunday, 2nd October, at 11:45
Start Point: Kilbrannish Forest Recreation Area
Walk Duration: 1.5 hours
1．Which walk takes the shortest time?
A．The Natural World.
B．Introduction to Hillwalking.
C．Moonlight Under the Stars.
D．Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest.
2．What are participants in Walk 3 required to do?
A．Wear proper clothes.
B．Join a walking club.
C．Get special permits.
D．Bring a survival guide.
3．What do the four walks have in common?
A．They involve difficult climbing.
B．They are for experienced walkers.
C．They share the same start point.
D．They are scheduled for the weekend.
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了参加卡洛秋季徒步节的几种步行方案，及其日期、起点和步
行时间等相关细节。
1．细节理解题。通读全文，根据文章所给出的四种方案中的“Walk Duration (步行时间)”部分比较可知，
“Walk 4 — Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest (步行4——基尔布兰尼什森林摄影步行)”的步行时间是
1.5 小时，用时最短。故选D 项。
2．细节理解题。根据文章“Walk 3 — Moonlight Under the Stars (步行3——星光下的月光)”部分中的
“Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused permission to participate.(穿着不当的人将被拒绝参加)”
可知，第三种步行方案的参与者需要穿合适的衣服。故选A 项。
3．细节理解题。根据四种步行方案中的“Date and Time (日期和时间)”部分比较可知，这四种方案都被安
排在周末。故选D 项。
D
(2024 年1 月浙江省首考普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题)
Tom Sawyer Play Is an Adventure
A 35-minute hand-clapping, foot-stomping musical version of a Mark Twain favorite returns with this Tall
Stacks festival.
“Tom Sawyer: A River Adventure” has all the good stuff, including the fence painting, the graveyard, the island
and the cave. It is adapted by Joe McDonough, with music by David Kisor. That’s the local stage writing team that
creates many of the Children’s Theatre of Cincinnati’s original musicals, along with the holiday family musicals at
Ensemble Theatre.
This year Nathan Turner of Burlington is Tom Sawyer, and Robbie McMath of Fort Mitchell is Huck Finn.
Tumer, a 10th-grader at School for Creative and Performing Arts, is a familiar presence on Cincinnati’s stages.
He is a star act or of Children’s Theatre, having played leading roles in “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” and “The
Wizard of Oz,” and is fresh from Jersey Production “Ragtime”.
McMath is a junior at Beechwood High School. He was in the cast of “Tom Sawyer” when it was first
performed and is a Children’s Theatre regular, with five shows to his credit. This summer he attended Kentucky’s
Governor’s School for the Arts in Musical Theatre.
Note to teachers: Children’s Theatre has a study guide demonstrating how math and science can be taught
through “Tom Sawyer.” For downloadable lessons, visit the official website of Children’s Theatre.
1．Who wrote the music for “Tom Sawyer: A River Adventure”?
A．David Kisor.
B．Joe McDonough.
C．Nathan Turner.
D．Robbie McMath.
2．What can we learn about the two actors?
A．They study in the same school.
B．They worked together in ”Ragtime“.
C．They are experienced on stage.
D．They became friends ten years ago.
3．What does Children’s Theatre provide for teachers?
A．Research funding.
B．Training opportunities.
C．Technical support.
D．Educational resources.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍由马克·吐温的作品所改编的音乐剧《汤姆·索亚：河上历险
记》。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It is adapted by Joe McDonough, with music by David Kisor.(本剧由乔·麦
克多诺改编，大卫·基索作曲。)”可知，本剧是由大卫·基索作曲的。故选A 项。
2．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Tumer, a 10th-grader at School for Creative and Performing Arts, is a
familiar presence on Cincinnati’s stages. He is a star act or of Children’s Theatre, having played leading roles in
“The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” and “The Wizard of Oz,” and is fresh from Jersey Production “Ragtime”.(Tumer
是一名创意与表演艺术学校的10 年级学生，是辛辛那提舞台上的常客。他是儿童剧院的明星演员，曾在
《断头谷的传说》和《绿野仙踪》中担任主角，也是新泽西制作公司‘Ragtime’的新成员。)”可知，Tumer
是辛辛那提舞台上的常客，儿童剧院的明星演员，曾在《断头谷的传说》和《绿野仙踪》中担任主角；根
据第五段中的“McMath is a junior at Beechwood High School. He was in the cast of “Tom Sewyer” when it was
first performed and is a Children’s Theatre regular, with five shows to his credit.(McMath 是比奇伍德高中的三年
级学生。他是《汤姆·休厄》首演时的演员，也是儿童剧院的常客，演出了五场。)”可知，McMath 也是儿
童剧院的常客；综合以上信息可知，这两位演员在舞台上经验丰富。故选C 项。
3．细节理解题。根据尾段中的“Note to teachers: Children’s Theatre has a study guide demonstrating how math
and science can be taught through “Tom Sawyer.” For downloadable lessons, visit the official website of Children’s
Theatre.(给老师们的提示：儿童剧院有一份学习指南，展示了如何通过《汤姆·索亚》教授数学和科学。如
欲下载课程，请访问儿童剧院官方网站。)”可知，儿童剧院为教师提供了一份学习指南，展示如何通过
《汤姆·索亚》教授数学和科学，可通过儿童剧院的网站下载课程；由此可知，儿童剧院为教师提供了教育
资源。故选D 项。
E
（2024 年新课标Ⅰ卷英语真题)
HABITAT RESTORATION TEAM
Help restore and protect Marin's natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge. We'll explore beautiful
park sites while conducting invasive (侵入的) plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection. Habitat Restoration
Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges
and valleys.
GROUPS
Groups of five or more require special arrangements and must be confirmed in advance. Please review the List
of Available Projects and fill out the Group Project Request Form.
AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING
Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome. Read our Youth Policy Guidelines for youth under the age of 15.
Bring your completed Volunteer Agreement Form. Volunteers under the age of 18 must have the parent/guardian
approval section signed.
We'll be working rain or shine. Wear clothes that can get dirty. Bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat if
necessary.
Bring a personal water bottle, sunscreen, and lunch.
No experience necessary. Training and tools will be provided. Fulfills (满足) community service requirements.
UPCOMING EVENTS
Time
Meeting Location
Sunday, Jan. 15 10:00 am — 1:00 pm
Battery Alexander Trailhead
Sunday, Jan. 22 10:00 am — 2:30 pm
Stinson Beach Parking Lot
Sunday, Jan. 29 9:30 am — 2:30 pm
Coyote Ridge Trailhead
1．What is the aim of the Habitat Restoration Team?
A．To discover mineral resources.
B．To develop new wildlife parks.
C．To protect the local ecosystem.
D．To conduct biological research.
2．What is the lower age limit for joining the Habitat Restoration Team?
A．5.
B．10.
C．15.
D．18.
3．What are the volunteers expected to do?
A．Bring their own tools.
B．Work even in bad weather.
C．Wear a team uniform.
D．Do at least three projects.
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了参加保护当地生态系统的栖息地恢复小组的时间地点等相关
细节。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Help restore and protect Marin’s natural areas from the Marin Headlands to
Bolinas Ridge. We’ll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive (侵入的) plant removal, winter
planting, and seed collection. Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources
and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys. (帮助恢复和保护从马林海岬到波利纳斯岭的马
林海的自然区域。我们将探索美丽的公园场地，同时进行入侵植物清除、冬季种植和种子收集。栖息地恢
复小组的志愿者在恢复敏感资源和保护山脊和山谷中的濒危物种方面发挥着至关重要的作用)”可知，栖息
地恢复小组的目的是保护当地生态系统。故选C 项。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome. (欢迎10 岁及以上的志愿者)”可
知，参加栖息地恢复小组的最低年龄限制是10 岁。故选B 项。
3．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“We’ll be working rain or shine. (我们将风雨无阻地工作)”可知，身为志愿
者，即使天气不好也要工作。故选B 项。
专题02 优秀模拟题
A
(25-26 高三上·山东烟台·期中)
Official Guidelines for the 2026 WebAward Competition
The WebAward Competition is open to all organizations and individuals involved in the process of developing
web sites. Sites that have won awards in past competitions are also admissible.
Each nominator (报名者) must create a free account and entries must be submitted online using the Online
entry form found in the nominator account. A website is considered entered only after both a completed entry form
AND payment of the entry fee is received by the Web Marketing Association (WMA) server.
Judges will be evaluating entries from June 13th through the end of August, 2026. Make sure a password-
protected site is accessible to the judges during that time period. If the judges are unable to review the site in a timely
manner, the WMA reserves the right to have the site’s qualification cancelled.
Awards are granted at three levels. Sites that receive the highest average score from the judges within a given
industry category are awarded a Best of Industry WebAward. Runner-up sites will then be judged against a standard
of overall excellence and quality for an Outstanding WebAward. One site will be recognized as Best of Show and
receive a special edition WebAward statue. Winners get a personalized page, and nominators get images to promote
the winning site.
Each entry fee is $225, except for sites entered in the non-profit category, which has a discount of 20%. Entry
fees are used to minimize the entry of low-quality web sites and help cover the costs of the competition. Websites
submitted after the deadline of May 30, 2026 are subject to a $50 late fee in addition to normal entry fees.
1． Which of the following will disqualify a competing website?
A．Judges’ denied access to it.
B．Its previous awards.
C．Its nominator’s free account.
D．Its poor online reputation.
2．What award will the top-scoring site in a given industry category get?
A．Outstanding WebAward.
B．Best of Show WebAward.
C．Best of Industry WebAward.
D．WMA Online WebAward.
3． How much does a nominator pay for an entry in the non-profit category on May 31st?
A．$50.
B．$180.
C．$225.
D．$230.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。2026 年WebAward 竞赛面向网站开发相关组织及个人，需注册免费账户、提交
表单并缴费参赛，6-8 月评审，设三类奖项，非营利类有报名费折扣，逾期提交需额外付费。
1．细节理解题。根据第三段“If the judges are unable to review the site in a timely manner, the WMA reserves
the right to have the site’s qualification cancelled.(如果评审人员无法及时对网站进行审查，WMA 则有权取消
该网站的资格)”可知，评审人员无法获取信息会导致一个竞争网站被取消资格。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据第四段“Sites that receive the highest average score from the judges within a given
industry category are awarded a Best of Industry WebAward.(在某一行业类别中，那些获得评审团给出的平均
评分最高的网站将被授予“行业最佳网站奖”)”可知，在某一特定行业类别中得分最高的网站将会获得行
业最佳网络奖。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Each entry fee is $225, except for sites entered in the non-profit category,
which has a discount of 20%. Entry fees are used to minimize the entry of low-quality web sites and help cover the
costs of the competition. Websites submitted after the deadline of May 30, 2026 are subject to a $50 late fee in
addition to normal entry fees.(每项参赛费用为225 美元，但非营利类别的参赛项目可享受20%的折扣。参赛
费用用于减少低质量网站的涌入，并帮助承担比赛的费用。在2026 年5 月30 日截止日期之后提交的网站，
除了正常的参赛费用外，还需额外支付50 美元的滞纳金)”可知，在5 月31 日的非营利类别中，提名者为
一项参赛作品支付的费用是230 美元。故选D。
B
(25-26 高三上·江西赣州十八县/区）二十四校联考·期中)
Treasure of Egypt
Egypt’s fame often lies in its ancient pyramids and impressive ruins, but beyond these cultural treasures exists a
world of ecological wonders. The Nile River, in particular, supports unique habitats and an incredible variety of
birdlife, offering a different kind of exploration.
SET SAIL
Joining a personalised river voyage with Aggressor Adventures is a superb way to explore Egypt’s ecological
and historical riches. It offers luxury rooms, five-star service, and expert guides. Plus, there are breathtaking views
and exceptional birdwatching opportunities. Egypt’s subtropical desert climate makes it an ideal winter getaway.
RIVER DWELLERS
The six-day voyage begins in Luxor, home to the Valley of the Kings. The first stop is King Island, a key
wetland area. From the boat’s floating bird hide, watch for species like the Senegal Thick-knee, Egyptian Goose,
Grey Heron, and various kingfishers.
FLOATING VOYAGE
As the ship sails leisurely south towards Aswan, it passes historical wonders such as the Gebel Silsila quarry
and Kom Ombo, alongside vital nesting sites for native and migratory birds. Watch for colourful residents like the
Nile Valley sunbird and the red avadavat along the way.
TRAVEL IN STYLE
With only 20 passengers aboard each charter, the Aggressor Nile River Cruise offers a truly personalised
experience with five-star service all-round. After a day’s sightseeing, relax in the sundeck hot tub or return to your
luxurious room. Enjoy fantastic chef-prepared meals and free beer and wine while you chat with like-minded people,
or simply watch the Saharan sunset. This is slow travel at its best.
1． What makes Egypt a perfect winter travel destination?
A．Its pleasant desert climate.
B．Its ancient cultural treasures.
C．The personalised river experience.
D．The diverse birdlife along the Nile.
2． What historical site does the voyage pass?
A．Floating bird hide.
B．Gebel Silsila quarry.
C．King Island wetland.
D．Nile Valley sunbird habitat.
3． What is the main purpose of the passage?
A．To explain the concept of slow travel.
B．To detail the history of the Nile River.
C．To promote a unique travel experience.
D．To compare different travel styles in Egypt.
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了由Aggressor Adventures 运营的尼罗河小型奢华游船线路，兼具观
鸟与人文观光体验。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段末句“Egypt’s subtropical desert climate makes it an ideal winter getaway.(埃及的
亚热带沙漠气候使其成为理想的冬季度假胜地)”可知，适宜的沙漠温度其成为理想的冬季度假胜地。故选
A。
2．细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“As the ship sails leisurely south towards Aswan, it passes historical
wonders such as the Gebel Silsila quarry and Kom Ombo, alongside vital nesting sites for native and migratory
birds.(当船悠闲地向南驶向阿斯旺时，它会经过一些历史奇观，如Gebel Silsila 采石场和Kom Ombo，以及
重要的本地和候鸟筑巢地)”可知，游轮经过的“历史奇观”包括Gebel Silsila 采石场和Kom Ombo。故选
B。
3．因果关系。根据全文内容，结合第一段“Egypt’s fame often lies in its ancient pyramids and impressive
ruins, but beyond these cultural treasures exists a world of ecological wonders. The Nile River, in particular,
supports unique habitats and an incredible variety of birdlife, offering a different kind of exploration.(埃及的名声
往往在于其古老的金字塔和令人印象深刻的废墟，但除了这些文化宝藏之外，还有一个生态奇迹的世界。
特别是尼罗河，拥有独特的栖息地和种类繁多的鸟类，提供了一种不同的探索方式)”可知，短文目的是助
力呈现别具一格的旅行体验。故选C。
C
(25-26 高三上·山东青岛·调研)
England is home to many grand stately homes that offer visitors a look into its rich history and culture. These
splendid estates combine impressive architecture, beautiful gardens and touching stories from the past. Here are three
of the most appealing ones to explore.
Chatsworth House, Derbyshire
Often called “the Palace of the Peak,” Chatsworth House has been home to the Cavendish family since the 16th
century. The surrounding gardens are world-famous for their fountains, sculptures, and glasshouses. Visitors can also
explore a working farmyard and an adventure playground, accessible through a secret passage that leads to woodland
fun with climbing towers, slides, swings, and water play. Combining centuries of history with modern exhibitions
and cultural events, Chatsworth remains a living estate and a perfect destination for families.
Highclere Castle, Hampshire
Famous as the filming location of the TV series Downton Abbey, Highclere Castle is one of England’s most
well-known country houses. Built in the 17th century and redesigned in the 19th, it sits within over 1,000 acres of
parkland, offering lovely trees and rolling landscapes in every season. Exhibitions tell the story of the Carnarvon
family and their link to Tutankhamun’s tomb. The castle is also a sought-after venue for smaller and more private
weddings, where couples and guests can enjoy a setting as engaging and magical as any scene from Downton
Abbey.
Castle Howard, North Yorkshire
Located near York, Castle Howard is a masterpiece of Baroque architecture. The estate’s vast grounds feature
lakes, temples and woodlands, perfect for a leisurely walk. Today, The 21st Century Renaissance (文艺复兴) project
shows its effort to restore and preserve this historic home, with visitors able to witness its transformation. A visit in
2025 promises a grand reveal of a once-in-a-generation project transforming the House’s inner spaces, including
restoring the lost tapestry Drawing Room. Visitors can join guided tours to explore its dog-friendly gardens, with
seasonal events from summer concerts to Christmas markets adding even more appeal to this grand estate.
1． What can couples enjoy in Highclere Castle?
A．A romantic setting.
B．A film set tour.
C．An architecture exhibition.
D．A woodland adventure.
2． What makes a visit to Castle Howard in 2025 special?
A．Guided tours with dogs.
B．Opening of restored rooms.
C．Exploring new Baroque halls.
D．The redesigned drawing room.
3． What is the purpose of the text?
A．To offer options of nature destinations.
B．To compare different architectural styles.
C．To explain how British estates were built.
D．To recommend visits to English stately houses.
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了英国三座极具吸引力的宏伟宅邸，包括它们的特色、历史故
事及相关活动等。
1．细节理解题。根据Highclere Castle, Hampshire 部分中“The castle is also a sought-after venue for smaller
and more private weddings, where couples and guests can enjoy a setting as engaging and magical as any scene
from Downton Abbey.(这座城堡也是小型且更私密婚礼的热门场所，情侣和客人可以在这里享受如同《唐顿
庄园》中任何场景一样引人入胜且神奇的氛围。)”可知，情侣在Highclere Castle 可以享受浪漫的氛围。故
选A 项。
2．细节理解题。根据Castle Howard, North Yorkshire 部分中“A visit in 2025 promises a grand reveal of a
once-in-a-generation project transforming the House’s inner spaces, including restoring the lost tapestry Drawing
Room.(2025 年的参观将展示一个一代人一次的宏伟项目，该项目改造了房屋的内部空间，包括修复失传的
挂毯客厅。)”可知，2025 年参观Castle Howard 的特别之处在于可以参观修复后的房间。故选B 项。
3．因果关系题。根据第一段“England is home to many grand stately homes that offer visitors a look into its
rich history and culture. These splendid estates combine impressive architecture, beautiful gardens and touching
stories from the past. Here are three of the most appealing ones to explore.(英国有许多宏伟的宅邸，让游客可以
一窥其丰富的历史和文化。这些华丽的庄园结合了令人印象深刻的建筑、美丽的花园和感人的历史故事。
以下是三个最具吸引力的探索之地。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了英国三座极具吸引力的宏伟宅
邸，所以文章的目的是推荐参观英国的宏伟宅邸。故选D 项。
D
(25-26 高三上·四川彭州中学·月考)
For decades, social scientists have debated the link between income and happiness. A 2025 cross-country study
published in the Journal of Positive Psychology — involving 120,000 participants from 45 countries across North
America, Europe, and Asia — offers new insights into this complex relationship, challenging some long-held
assumptions.
The research team, led by Dr. Elena Marquez from the University of Zurich, first analyzed the connection
between “absolute income” (total annual earnings) and self-reported happiness scores (measured on a 10-point scale).
They found that for individuals with annual incomes below 75,000, there was a strong positive correlation: each
10,000 increase in income was associated with a 0.8-point rise in happiness. However, above 75,000, the correlation
weakened dramatically — an additional 10,000 only led to a 0.1-point increase. Dr. Marquez labeled this $75,000
figure the “happiness threshold”: beyond this point, more money did not significantly boost happiness.
What surprised researchers even more was the impact of “relative income” (income compared to peers in the
same social group, such as colleagues or neighbors). For participants earning above the 75,000 threshold, relative
income became a key factor. Those who earned 20% more than their peers reported happiness scores 1.2 points higher
than those who earned 20% less — even if both groups had annual incomes above 100,000. “It’s not just how much
you have,” Dr. Marquez explained, “but how much you have compared to people around you. This ‘social comparison
effect’ often overriding the influence of absolute income once basic needs are met.”
The study also highlighted regional differences. In high-cost-of-living regions like New York or Tokyo, the
happiness threshold was slightly higher — around 95,000 — due to increased expenses for housing and daily
necessities. In contrast, in areas with lower living costs, such as parts of rural India or Vietnam, the threshold dropped
to 50,000. Notably, the social comparison effect was more pronounced in individualistic cultures (e.g., the U.S.,
Germany) than in collectivist cultures (e.g., Japan, Thailand), where community well-being is often prioritized over
personal income status.
Critics of the study point out its limitations: it relied on self-reported happiness scores, which may be influenced
by temporary mood swings, and it did not account for non-financial factors like health, family relationships, or
work-life balance — all of which affect happiness. Dr. Marquez acknowledged these gaps but emphasized the study’s
value: “Our findings help clarify when money matters for happiness and when it doesn’t. For policymakers, this
means focusing on reducing poverty (to lift people above the threshold) rather than just boosting overall economic
growth. For individuals, it’s a reminder that chasing more money beyond a certain point may not lead to greater
fulfillment.”
1． What can we learn about the “happiness threshold” from the study?
A．It is a fixed figure of $75,000 applicable to all regions.
B．Below this threshold, more money has little impact on happiness.
C．Above this threshold, relative income matters more than absolute income.
D．It is determined solely by an individual’s annual absolute income.
2． Why did participants earning 120,000 report lower happiness than those earning 100,000 in the same social
group?
A．Their absolute income was still below the happiness threshold.
B．They earned 20% less than their peers in the same group.
C．The 20,000 increase pushed them beyond the happiness threshold.
D．They lived in high-cost regions where the threshold was 95,000.
3． Which of the following is a limitation of the 2025 study?
A．It ignored the influence of relative income on happiness.
B．It only included participants from individualistic cultures.
C．It failed to consider non-financial factors affecting happiness.
D．It used an inaccurate 10-point scale to measure happiness.
4． What does Dr. Marquez suggest policymakers do based on the study’s findings?
A．Focus on increasing the overall economic growth rate.
B．Set a unified happiness threshold for all regions.
C．Prioritize reducing poverty to help people exceed the threshold.
D．Encourage people to compare their income with peers less frequently.
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了2025 年一项关于收入与幸福感关系的跨国研究，揭示了绝对收入
的“幸福阈值”、相对收入的影响、地区差异及研究局限性，并给出了对政策制定者和个人的启示。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“However, above 75,000, the correlation weakened dramatically — an
additional 10,000 only led to a 0.1-point increase. (然而，超过75,000 时，这种相关性显著减弱
额外的
——
10,000 仅导致0.1 分的增长)”以及第三段中“For participants earning above the 75,000 threshold, relative
income became a key factor. (对于收入超过75,000 阈值的参与者而言，相对收入成了一个关键因素)”可知，
超过幸福阈值后，相对收入比绝对收入更重要。故选C 项。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Those who earned 20% more than their peers reported happiness scores 1.2
points higher than those who earned 20% less — even if both groups had annual incomes above 100,000. (那些收
入比同龄人高出20%的人，其幸福感得分比收入低20%的人高出1.2 分
即便这两组人的年收入都超
——
过10 万)”可知，在同一社会群体中，年收入12 万美元者若比同龄人少赚20%，幸福感会低于年收入10 万
美元但比同龄人多赚20%的人。故选B 项。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Critics of the study point out its limitations: it relied on self-reported
happiness scores, which may be influenced by temporary mood swings, and it did not account for non-financial
factors like health, family relationships, or work-life balance — all of which affect happiness. (该研究的批评者指
出了其局限性：它依赖于自我报告的幸福感评分，而这可能会受到暂时情绪波动的影响，并且它没有考虑
到健康、家庭关系或工作与生活的平衡等非经济因素
所有这些因素都会影响幸福感
——
)”可知，该研究的
局限性之一是“未考虑影响幸福感的非经济因素”。故选C 项。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“For policymakers, this means focusing on reducing poverty (to lift people
above the threshold) rather than just boosting overall economic growth. (对于政策制定者而言，这意味着要着重
减少贫困（帮助人们跨越幸福阈值），而非仅仅推动整体经济增长。)”可知，Dr. Marquez 建议政策制定者
“优先减少贫困，帮助人们超过幸福阈值”。故选C 项。
E
(25-26 高三上·江西南昌·开学考节选)
You don’t have to be rich to travel well. For my husband and I, this rings especially true: he’s retired early
and I work part-time as an editor, which gives us plenty of time and freedom but not much in the way of funds. We’ve
happily chosen free time over money, yet we love to travel, and travel usually costs a lot. Still, we’ve managed to
take a lot of affordable trips by house trading.
House trading isn’t the same as Airbnb or renting a room in someone’s home: there’s no exchange of money,
no check-in desks or strict rules, which makes it feel more like staying as guests in each other’s houses. Living in
someone else’s space builds a unique closeness — admiring their bookshelf picks, the way they arrange potted plants,
or family photos on the fridge turns virtual strangers into familiar faces. We’ve even grown repeat trades into real
friendships.
On our very first trade, our partner welcomed us with a bottle of wine and some cheese in the fridge, and we’ve
kept that gracious tradition going with our own “guests”. Since then, we’ve encountered all kinds of thoughtful acts
— from the young couple who left the keys in their mailbox along with a note that said “Enjoy!” to the family who
provided piles of maps, brochures, and local restaurant menus. With these small “insider” tips, we don’t just visit a
city — we slip into its daily flow, free from the rush of moving from one landmark to another.
1． What first made the author try house trading?
A．To reduce travel expenses.
B．To earn retirement funds.
C．To upgrade accommodations.
D．To meet interesting people.
2． What is the feature of house trading?
A．It involves money exchange.
B．It offers long-term stay.
C．It creates personal connection.
D．It ensures hotel-like service.
【答案】1．A 2．C
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者和丈夫通过房屋置换的方式实现了低成本旅行，这
种方式不仅节省了开支，还带来了人与人之间的温暖连接和更深层次的旅行体验。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“We’ve happily chosen free time over money, yet we love to travel, and travel
usually costs a lot. Still, we’ve managed to take a lot of affordable trips by house trading.(我们欣然选择了空闲时
间而不是金钱，但我们喜欢旅行，而旅行通常花费很多。不过，我们还是通过房屋置换设法进行了很多负
担得起的旅行)”和最后一段中“Yes, house trading did begin with our desire to travel on the cheap, but it’s
become so much more than just a way to save money.(确实，房屋置换最初源于我们省钱旅行的愿望，但如今
它早已超越了节省开支的层面，演变成一种更深层次的体验)”可知，作者最初尝试房屋置换旅行是为了减
少旅行费用。故选A 项。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Living in someone else’s space builds a unique closeness — admiring their
bookshelf picks, the way they arrange potted plants, or family photos on the fridge turns virtual strangers into
familiar faces. We’ve even grown repeat trades into real friendships.(住在别人的空间里会建立一种独特的亲密
感
欣赏他们书架上的精选、摆放盆栽植物的方式，或者冰箱上的家庭照片，把陌生人变成熟悉的面孔
——
。
我们甚至把重复的屋置发展成了真正的友谊)”可知，房屋置换的特点是它能创造人与人之间的个人联系。
故选C 项。
F
(25-26 高三上·河南南阳·期中节选)
Once considered crazy by fellow villagers, Indonesian eco-warrior Sadiman has turned barren ( 荒芜)hills
green after 24 years of effort, making water resources available in the drought-prone mountainous region where he
lives.
Affectionately addressed as “mbah” or “grandpa”, the 72-year-old has worked persistently to plant trees in the
hills of central Java after fires to clear the land for cultivation nearly dried up its rivers and lakes. ”I thought to myself,
if I don’t plant trees, this area would become dry,“ said Sadiman.“In my experience, banyana trees (榕树)can store a
lot of water,” he said. The long and wide-spreading roots of at least 11,000 banyans trees Sadiman has planted over
617 acres help to retain groundwater and prevent land erosion.
Thanks to his effort, springs have formed where once there was barren and arid land, with their water piped to
homes and used to irrigate farms.
Yet, at the beginning, few village residents appreciated his work. “People ridiculed me for bringing banyan
tree seeds to the village, because they felt uneasy as they believed there are spirits in these trees,” Sadiman added.”
Some even thought he was a mad man because he swapped the goats he raised for saplings(树苗),” said one villager,
Warto. “In the past people thought he was crazy, but look at the result now,” Warto added. “He is able to provide
clean water to meet the needs of the people in several villages.”
Sadiman also funds his work through a nursery of plants such as cloves and jackfruit that he can sell or swap.
“Lack of rain in the area where he planted trees had once limited farmers to a single harvest a year, but now,
the abundant water sources ensure two or three,” he said. “I hope people here can have prosperous lives and live
happily. And don’t burn the forest over and over again,”Sadiman added, with a twinkle in his eye.
1． How did the villagers respond to Sadiman’s deeds initially?
A．They took an indifferent attitude to his activities.
B．They followed in his footsteps with great passion.
C．They were strongly in favor of his tree-planting.
D．They regarded him as crazy and made fun of him.
3． What result does Sadiman’s tree-planting work bring?
A．The region has become a completely wet area.
B．Farmers now get three or four harvests yearly.
C．Springs appear and water serves homes and farms.
D．Rivers and lakes have returned to their original size.
【答案】1．D 3．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述印尼环保斗士萨迪曼24 年坚持植树，将荒芜山丘变绿洲，为干旱地
区带来水资源的故事。
1．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“People ridiculed me for bringing banyan tree seeds to the village”(人们嘲笑
我把榕树种子带到村子里)和“Some even thought he was a mad man(有些人甚至认为他是个疯子)可知，村民
最初认为萨迪曼很疯狂，还嘲笑他的行为。故选D 项。
3．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Thanks to his effort, springs have formed where once there was barren and
arid land,with their water piped to homes and used to irrigate farms.(感谢他的努力，在曾经荒芜干旱的土地上
形成了泉水，泉水被输送到各家各户，并用于灌溉农田)”可知，萨迪曼的植树工作让泉水出现，水资源能
满足家庭生活和农田灌溉需求。故选C 项。
G
(25-26 高三上·河北秦皇岛普中·期中)
You might want to think twice about that bottled water — because it looks like almost any contact food and
drinks have with plastic packaging can cause microplastics and nanoplastics (纳米塑料) to be released, which end
up in our bodies. That’s according to a new study by researchers in Switzerland.
Microplastics are small pieces of plastic that are less than five millimeters in diameter (直径). Nanoplastics
are even smaller — they’re less than 0.000001 millimeters across. The researchers suggested that simply unwrapping
plastic- covered food or tearing open a plastic food package can cause these tiny particles (颗粒) to be released. The
same is true of making a tea bag in hot water or opening drink bottles that have plastic tops.
In fact, the research team said that microplastics and nanoplastics are released every time a bottle is opened.
They said their study provided the “first systematic evidence” of how normal use of plastic-packed foods and drinks
can contaminate foods with microplastics.
To get their findings, researchers looked at 103 different studies on microplastics. While these varied in quality
and reliability, the researchers said seven were found to be “highly reliable”. And the researchers concluded that
microplastics and nanoplastics enter food and drinks from a large variety of sources — although further high- quality
research is needed. It’s still not clear exactly how harmful microplastics and nanoplastics are to our bodies. But
studies on animal and human cells have suggested that they could be linked to an increased risk of cancer and heart
problems, as well as other issues.
Experts from Stanford University in the US have said that microplastics are “impossible” to avoid because
they are “in the water we drink, the food we eat, the clothes we wear, and the air we breathe”. But they say we can
reduce our exposure to them. Studies like the one done by the researchers in Switzerland can help us make wiser
choices, and may affect the decisions made by companies and governments in the future.
1． Which of the following has possible negative health effects according to the study?
A．Using paper bags to carry bread.
B．Storing food in metal containers.
C．Drinking water from glass bottles.
D．Eating food in plastic package.
3． What can we learn from the microplastic researches?
A．Most studies on microplastics are highly reliable.
B．Microplastic sources in foods have been fully identified.
C．The harm of microplastics to humans remains unclear.
D．Nanoplastics are certain to directly cause cancer.
4． What do experts from Stanford University suggest people do?
A．Accept microplastics naturally.
B．Quit the use of plastic products.
C．Consult professional organizations.
D．Minimize contact with microplastics.
【答案】1．D 3．C 4．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。瑞士一项新研究表明，食品饮料与塑料包装接触会释放微塑料和纳米塑料并进
入人体，其危害尚不明确但存健康风险，虽难以避免，仍可减少接触。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“You might want to think twice about that bottled water — because it looks like
almost any contact food and drinks have with plastic packaging can cause microplastics and nanoplastics (纳米塑
料) to be released, which end up in our bodies.(你或许应该再慎重考虑一下那瓶瓶装水
因为看起来任何食
——
物和饮料与塑料包装的接触都会导致微塑料和纳米塑料的释放，而这些塑料最终会进入我们的体内)”可知，
用塑料包装的食物可能对健康产生不利影响。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“It’s still not clear exactly how harmful microplastics and nanoplastics are to
our bodies.(目前尚不清楚微塑料和纳米塑料对我们的身体究竟有多大的危害)”可知，微塑料对人类的危害
目前仍不清楚。故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“But they say we can reduce our exposure to them.(但他们表示，我们能够减
少接触它们的频率)”可知，斯坦福大学的专家们建议人们尽量减少与微塑料的接触。故选D。
H
(25-26 高三上·江苏扬州七校联考·月考)
For twenty years, the internet has been my second home while communicating science. Recently, I came across
an image: a crying Earth surrounded by fallen trees, declaring, “No intelligent species would destroy their own home.”
This image troubled me deeply. I refuse to let my eight-year-old son believe humans are stupid or evil — because it’s
obviously untrue. But I often find myself quite lonely. I’m wondering if, perhaps, there are other folks out there who
feel the same as I do.
We didn’t cause climate change through being stupid, but through being extremely smart. Our ancestors burned
coal to solve urgent problems: growing more food, heating and lighting homes. We want to provide a good life for
ourselves and our children. The results have been astonishing. In the U.S. in 1895 one quarter of people died before
age five. Today it’s under 1 percent, and we will keep pushing until it hits zero. Imagine the essays Ben Franklin or
Mark Twain would write about this level of advancement. How would they keep tears from their eyes if they saw
what we’ve achieved?
So much of that achievement has been based on the fossil fuels we’ve burned to generate it, whether coal,
natural gas or oil. We’ve learned that this harms both the environment and people, and to our credit we aren’t always
bad at addressing this. It was not long ago that London cleaned its smoke-blackened air. When rain becomes acidic,
the world changes its policies. When harms are done locally, we tend to be pretty good at cleaning things up. Here’s
where I feel hope: we have already done this, and we know it is possible.
I don’t want my son growing up thinking that his species is in some way evil. I want him thinking humans are
problem solvers, and whatever strategies we take to fix global warming will create more new problems, too. This is
a pretty normal story for intelligent species.
1． How did the author feel seeing the picture online?
A．Ashamed.
B．Disturbed.
C．Frightened.
D．Confused.
2． According to the author, what is the primary reason behind climate change?
A．Human evil nature and short-sightedness.
B．A lack of advanced technology in the past.
C．The pursuit of a better life using intelligence. D．The rapid growth of the global population.
3． What gives the author hope in addressing environmental problems?
A．The complete replacement of fossil fuels.
B．The declining global birth rate.
C．The development of problem-free strategies.
D．Humanity’s proven ability to solve local environmental issues.
4． What is the core message about humanity that the author intends to pass on to his son?
A．The essence of humanity is problem-solving, not destruction.
B．Human intellect is the fundamental cause of its environmental issues.
C．Environmental damage has permanently overshadowed our technological gains.
D．A sustainable future requires a complete break from fossil fuels.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者结合自身在网络传播科学的经历，通过一张“哭泣的地球”图片引
发了对气候变化的原因的思考，驳斥了“人类愚蠢或邪恶”的观点，指出人类在解决问题方面有着强大的
能力，并希望儿子认识到人类是问题解决者，而非邪恶物种。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Recently, I came across an image: a crying Earth surrounded by fallen trees,
declaring, “No intelligent species would destroy their own home.” This image troubled me deeply.(最近，我看到
一张图片：地球在哭泣，周围是倒下的树木，上面写着：“没有哪个有智慧的物种会毁掉自己的家园。”
这张图片让我深感不安)”可知，作者看到网上的图片后感到不安。故选B 项。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段“We didn’t cause climate change through being stupid, but through being
extremely smart. Our ancestors burned coal to solve urgent problems: growing more food, heating and lighting
homes. We want to provide a good life for ourselves and our children.(我们并非因愚蠢而造成了气候变化，而是
因为太过聪明才导致了气候变化。我们的先辈燃烧煤炭是为了解决紧迫的问题：增加粮食产量、为房屋供
暖和照明。而我们想要为自己和我们的后代创造美好的生活)”可知，造成气候变化的主要原因是通过运用
智慧来追求更美好的生活。故选C 项。
3．细节理解题。根据第三段“It was not long ago that London cleaned its smoke-blackened air. When rain
becomes acidic, the world changes its policies. When harms are done locally, we tend to be pretty good at cleaning
things up. Here’s where I feel hope: we have already done this, and we know it is possible.(就在不久前，伦敦还
清理了被烟雾熏黑的空气。当雨水开始酸化时，世界便调整了相关政策。当危害发生在本地时，我们往往
能很好地进行整治。这正是我抱有希望的原因：我们已经做到过这些，也知道这是可能的。)”可知，作者
感到有希望的原因是人类已有修复环境破坏的先例，即“我们能修复对环境的破坏”。故选D 项。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“I want him thinking humans are problem solvers, and whatever strategies we
take to fix global warming will create more new problems, too. This is a pretty normal story for intelligent species.
(我希望他能明白，人类是善于解决问题的生物，而我们为应对全球变暖所采取的任何措施都会带来新的问
题。对于智慧型物种来说，这种情况是很常见的)”可知，作者想要将关于人类的核心理念传达给他的儿子
是人类的本质在于解决问题，而非破坏。故选A 项。
I
(25-26 高二上·湖南长沙雅礼中学·期中节选)
Shirley Raines makes the homeless community in Los Angeles’s skid row (贫民窟) neighborhood feel human.
She is the founder of Beauty 2 The Streetz, a nonprofit organization that provides free food, clothing, haircuts, and
make-up services for the homeless. And Shirley is now the CNN Hero of the Year!
In 1990, Raines’ 2-year-old son Demetrius passed away from accidental poisoning while at his grandma's
house. This event caused a lot of pain for Shirley Raines. The pain lasted for many years. And she did not know what
to do about it. She struggled to understand what her purpose was in life. Until one day six years ago, Shirley visited
the skid row with a friend from church who asked her to volunteer. She met a lot of homeless people and realized
how much help they needed, not just in finding a home, but in finding themselves and their own worth and beauty.
Shirley started to volunteer every Saturday. As she got to know the homeless, they often praised her for her
make-up, hair, and style. She started to offer to “make up” the homeless. They loved it, she loved it, they loved her
and she loved them. She found purpose. So she started an outdoor beauty salon to serve the homeless, which took
most of her spare time.
Raines started sharing her efforts on Instagram with photos and even livestreaming (网络直播) some of her
events. Things took off. She formed her nonprofit organization, Beauty 2 The Streetz, and her followers quickly
began donating money or time to expand Shirley’s impact. Her Instagram followers grew to over 200,000 people,
including many beauty professionals such as licensed hairstylists, barbers, make-up artists. Many of them regularly
donate money to keep the services rolling. Others donate their time to help Shirley serve the homeless.
Shirley’s boldness, caring, courage, consistency (连贯性), and desire to take action have led to making a real
impact on people’s lives. And she also serves as a role model for and an inspiration to others.
1． How did Shirley change her sad feeling and live purposefully?
A．By livestreaming her daily life.
B．By giving a hand to the homeless.
C．By taking good care of her family members.
D．By interacting with her fans in her free time.
3． Why are some beauty professionals mentioned in the fourth paragraph?
A．To show their contributions to the organization.
B．To introduce the regulation of Shirley's program.
C．To explain the structure of the organization.
D．To demonstrate the diversity of volunteers.
【答案】1．B 3．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了雪莉·雷恩斯通过创立非营利组织Beauty 2 The Streetz，为洛杉矶
贫民窟的无家可归者提供免费的食物、衣物、理发和化妆服务，最终成为CNN 年度英雄的故事。
1．细节理解题。文章第一段提到“Shirley Raines makes the homeless community in Los Angeles’s skid row
(贫民窟) neighborhood feel human. She is the founder of Beauty 2 The Streetz, a nonprofit organization that
provides free food, clothing, haircuts, and make-up services for the homeless.(雪莉·雷恩斯让洛杉矶贫民窟社区
的无家可归者感受到了人性的温暖。她是Beauty 2 The Streetz 的创始人，这是一个非营利组织，为无家可
归者提供免费的食物、衣物、理发和化妆服务。)”和第三段“Shirley started to volunteer every Saturday. So
she started an outdoor beauty salon to serve the homeless.(雪莉开始每周六去做志愿者。于是，她开了一家户
外美容院为无家可归的人服务。)”可知，雪莉是通过帮助无家可归的人来改变她悲伤的情绪并有目的地生
活的。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“Her Instagram followers grew to over 200,000 people, including many
beauty professionals such as licensed hairstylists, barbers, make-up artists. Many of them regularly donate money
to keep the services rolling.(她的Instagram 粉丝增长到超过20 万人，其中包括许多美容专业人士，如持证发
型师、理发师、化妆师。他们中的许多人定期捐款，以保持服务继续。)”可知，这些美容专业人士捐赠时
间和金钱支持她的组织，因此提到他们是为了展示他们对组织的贡献。故选A。
J
(25-26 高三上·黑龙江九师联盟·月考节选)
After years spent running and dieting, Casey Johnston came across a post about weightlifting.
“I don’t lift to be attractive. I lift to be strong,” Johnston recalls one devoted powerlifter posting.
“Liar,” Johnston thought to herself. “After all, isn’t attractiveness the reason why most people work out?”
Johnston wanted to look attractive in college. She tried, at first, just dieting. That didn’t get her all the way to
where she thought she should be — weight-wise. Then she started running. She was running more and more and
eating less and less, but sort of staying in the same place. She just had the impression that she should always be losing
weight.
Then she learned that what had happened through all of this weight-loss pursuit was that she had dieted and
exercised away all of her lean body mass (去脂体重). She thought her muscles were just there waiting to be uncovered
if she lost enough weight. It turned out that, actually, if you aren’t protecting your muscles actively, they can go
away.
While running, Johnston found it punishing, but it was a way to achieve one goal that consumed her: not being
fat. She had absorbed the cultural message that the purpose of exercise was to make her as small as possible.
Johnston admits that she was first drawn to weightlifting for the same reason. But gradually, she discovered
strength training could offer more.
She says lifting weights helped repair her disordered eating and allowed her to enjoy food. “When I gave it a
chance, with these basic elements, I found it transformative. That work of looking closer and listening to myself is
worth the time,” she shares. “Most importantly, it changed my attitude about my own body, from one centered on
denial of pleasure to a relationship that now embraces movement, rest and eating equally. My body could feel good,
even powerful.”
1． How did Johnston find the post at first?
A．Inspiring.
B．Ordinary.
C．Innovative.
D．Unconvincing.
2． What was the outcome of Johnston’s dieting and running in college?
A．She became too weak to study.
B．She gained more lean body mass.
C．She didn’t look the way she had expected.
D．She lost more weight than planned.
3． Why did Johnston start to learn to lift weights?
A．For weight loss.
B．For education.
C．For entertainment.
D．For cultural exchange.
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了凯西・约翰斯顿（Casey Johnston）最初为追求外表吸引力而
节食、跑步，却未能达到预期效果，后来接触举重运动，不仅修复了饮食失调，还改变了对自身身体态度
的经历。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“I don’t lift to be attractive. I lift to be strong.(我举重不是为了好看，而是为了强
壮。)”以及第三段““Liar,” Johnston thought to herself. “After all, isn’t attractiveness the reason why most people
work out?”(“骗子，”约翰斯顿心里想，“毕竟，吸引力难道不是大多数人锻炼的原因吗？” )” 可知，
Johnston 最初认为这个帖子的内容不可信。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Johnston wanted to look attractive in college. She tried, at first, just dieting.
That didn’t get her all the way to where she thought she should be — weight-wise. Then she started running. She was
running more and more and eating less and less, but sort of staying in the same place.(约翰斯顿在大学时想让自
己看起来有吸引力。起初她只尝试节食，但体重方面并没有达到她认为应该达到的状态。然后她开始跑步，
跑得越来越多、吃得越来越少，却似乎一直停在原地。)” 可知，Johnston 大学时节食和跑步的结果是，她
并没有变成自己预期的样子。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据第七段中的“ Johnston admits that she was first drawn to weightlifting for the same
reason.(约翰斯顿承认，她最初被举重吸引也是出于同样的原因。)”，结合前文可知“同样的原因”指第四
段提到的“Johnston wanted to look attractive in college.(约翰斯顿在大学时想让自己看起来有吸引力。)”，即
最初为了减重、追求外表吸引力而开始举重。故选A。
