题型16 语法填空（虚词题）
题型简介
虚词填空是高考英语语法填空中考查语言结构功能与逻辑衔接能力的基础题型。该题型不提
供具体提示词，要求考生依据空格所处的语法结构、固定搭配及上下文逻辑关系，从冠词、介词、
代词和并列连词等虚词范畴中自主确定唯一正确答案。
在高考英语语法填空中，虚词填空是衡量学生英语思维严密性与表达准确性的关键标尺。它
并非简单考查词汇记忆，而是对学生深刻理解英语“形合”特征、精准运用语法规则构建句子骨
架、敏锐辨识意群间逻辑关系等核心能力的综合检验。随着高考对语言形式准确性与逻辑连贯性
要求的不断提升，确保此类题目的得分率，对于学生完善语言架构、提升整体成绩具有至关重要
的基石意义，是学生在语法填空部分实现高分突破的保障。
设题类型&解题思路
考向01 冠词考点
核心考点实质：在复杂语篇和句型中，精准判断名词的“已知与未知”、“特指与泛指”、
“类指与独一”等抽象概念，并据此选择定冠词 (the)、不定冠词 (a/an) 或零冠词。考查重点从规
则记忆转向在真实、多变语境中的动态分析与概念把握。
一、 主要设题形式与例句
目录
第一部分 题型解码 高屋建瓴，掌握全局
第二部分 考向破译
解
微观
剖，精细教学
典例引领
方法透视
变式演练
考向01 冠词考点【常考】
考向02 介词考点【必考】
考向03 代词考点
考向04 并列连词考点【常考】
第三部分 综合巩固
合
整
应用，模拟实战
专题01 高考真题练
专题02 优秀模拟题
1. “特指”判断在复杂修饰中的深化
例句: The (/) key to solving the (/) problem we are discussing lies in a (/) fundamental shift in
perspective.
考查实质：第一个空格后 key 有介词短语 to solving the problem 修饰，特指“解决该问题的关
键”，用 the。第二个空格 problem 被定语从句 we are discussing 限定，特指“我们正在讨论的问
题”，用 the。第三个空格后 shift 是单数可数名词，首次提及且非特指，表“一个根本性的转
变”，用 a。
2. 抽象名词与物质名词的“具体化”
例句: The experience gave me a (/) deeper understanding of the (/) importance of honesty, which
is / (/) virtue we should all cherish.
考查实质：第一个空格，抽象名词 understanding 前有形容词修饰，使其含义具体化（“一种
更深的理解”），视为可数，用 a。第二个空格，importance 被 of honesty 限定，特指“诚实的重
要性”，用 the。第三个空格，virtue 在句中作 honesty 的同位语，表示抽象概念，用零冠词。
3. 固定搭配与习惯用法中的冠词
例句: After the accident, he was taken to / (/) hospital; his family rushed to the (/) hospital to see him.
考查实质：考查“零冠词”与“定冠词”在固定短语中的区别。go to/be in hospital 表示“住
院/就医”这一抽象行为，用零冠词。go to the hospital 表示去“医院”这个具体地点，用 the。类似
的还有 at table (用餐) / at the table (在桌旁)，in prison (坐牢) / in the prison (在监狱里)。
4. “类指”表达的多样性
例句: The (/) computer has revolutionized modern life, but I still believe / (/) books offer a (/) unique
kind of pleasure.
考查实质：第一个空格，“the + 单数可数名词”表示一类事物（计算机这类发明）。第二个
空格，复数可数名词 books 直接使用，表泛指类别（书籍这类物品）。第三个空格，a kind of 为固
定短语。本题综合考查了表示“一类”的三种不同冠词使用方式。
5. 专有名词与冠词的非常规使用
例句: He dreams of sailing across the (/) Pacific and then visiting / (/) Harvard University for further
study.
考查实质：海洋、河流、山脉等地理名称前通常加 the (如 the Pacific)。而大多数大学名称
（以专有名词开头）前不加冠词 (如 Harvard University)，但由普通名词构成或含有 of 的则需
加 the (如 the University of Oxford)。
二、 核心解题思路与步骤
三步解题法：先搭后析最后定
1. 第一步：查固定搭配与习惯用法。
优先扫描：迅速判断空格是否位于 by bus, in front of, at night, have a cold, all of a sudden, in
hospital 等固定短语中。若是，则直接根据短语规则填空。
2. 第二步：分析名词的“特指性”。（最关键一步）
自问核心问题：这个名词所指的是双方都明确知道的、上文提过的、被限定语唯一确定的人
或物吗？
特指标志：
后接限定性定语（of 短语、定语从句、分词短语等），如 the key to the door, the man you
met。
前文已提及或语境唯一（the sun, the government）。
形容词最高级、序数词前 (the best, the first)。
如果是特指，用 the。
第三步：处理非特指情况（泛指、类指、首次提及）。
如果名词非特指：
单数可数名词：首次提及或表示“一个”，用 a/an。
复数可数名词或不可数名词：表示泛指或类别，用零冠词。
表示“一类”：可用 “a/an + 单数” 或 “零冠词+复数” 或 “the + 单数”，需根据句式
习惯选择。
对于专有名词、抽象概念、三餐、学科、球类等，通常使用零冠词，但需注意例外（如 the
United States, a good education）。
考向02 介词考点
核心定位： 介词是连接词、短语或从句，并表示其间逻辑关系（如时间、地点、方式、原
因）的功能词。在语法填空中，介词考点主要考查考生对固定搭配和语境逻辑的掌握。
一、 主要设题形式与例句
1. 动词/形容词的固定搭配（核心高频考点）
例句: The theory, which he insisted on
(/) despite all criticism, was later proven to be
consistent with (/) the experimental data.
考查实质：考查动词短语 insist on (doing) sth. 和形容词短语 be consistent with。解题关键在于
在复杂从句结构中识别出核心搭配，不受插入语 (which he insisted on) 和副词 (despite...) 的干扰。
2. 抽象名词与介词的搭配
例句: Her sudden resignation was a clear response to (/) the company’s lack of (/) commitment to
ethical practices.
考查实质：考查抽象名词 response 后接 to，以及名词 lack 后接 of。这类搭配需与动词
(respond to)、形容词 (lacking in) 的同源搭配一并记忆。
3. “介词+关系代词”引导定语从句
例句: We visited the ancient temple, the history of which dates back to the 10th century, and
about
which many legends are told.
考查实质：空格位于关系代词 which 之前，构成 “介词 + which” 结构。解题需还原从句：
the history of the temple 和 many legends are told about the temple，从而确定介词。
4. 非谓语动词与介词的逻辑关系
例句: On
(/) arriving at the summit, we were rewarded with a breathtaking view, something we had
dreamed of
(/) for years.
考查实质：第一个空格考查 “on doing sth.” 表示 “一
就
” 的时间状语结构。第二个
……
……
空格考查动词短语 dream of 在完成时态中的运用。
5. 复杂语境下的逻辑关系判断
例句: In (/) terms of cost-effectiveness, the new method is superior to the old one; however, it falls
short in
(/) terms of user-friendliness.
考查实质：考查固定短语 in terms of（就
而言）。同时，在并列句中重复出现，测试学生
……
对该表达的熟练掌握度。
二、 核心解题思路与步骤
两步破题法：先查搭配，再析逻辑
1. 第一步：扫描固定搭配。
优先原则：迅速查看空格前后是否有 高频动词、形容词或抽象名词。若存在，优先考虑其是
否构成固定介词搭配（如：depend on, be aware of, solution to）。
结构判断：若空格后紧跟关系代词（which, whom），则需考虑 “介词+关系代词” 结构，此
时应分析从句本身缺少什么介词。
2. 第二步：分析逻辑关系。
若排除固定搭配，则分析句子需要表达何种逻辑关系：
时间：判断是具体时刻 (at)、某天 (on)、时段 (in)、持续段 (for)、起始点 (since) 还是截止
点 (by)。
地点/方位：判断是点 (at)、面/内部 (in)、表面 (on)、两者间 (between)、穿越 (through) 还是
横跨 (across)。
方式/原因/其他：判断是通过
方式
……
(by/with)、由于
原因
……
(because of/due to/for)、关于
(about/on)、属于/关于 (of) 等。
代入验证：将所选介词代入，确保短语或句子逻辑通顺，且符合英语表达习惯。
考向03 代词考点（主要考察人称代词；物主代词；反身代词）
核心考点实质：在复杂的句子结构中，准确判断人称代词所充当的句子成分，并选择其正确
的格形式（主格或宾格）。考查重点从单一规则记忆转向在复合句、非谓语结构中的实际应用分
析。一、 主要设题形式与例句
1. 宾语位置（动词/介词后）的深度干扰
例句: The manager assigned the task to Robert and
me
(I), believing
us
(we) to be the
most capable team.
考查实质：空格位于介词to 之后，作宾语。关键干扰在于and 连接了两个宾语 (Robert and
me)，需用宾格。第二个空格是believing 的宾语 (us) 并作为to be...的逻辑主语，构成复合宾语结构
2. 从句中的成分判断
例句: It was she
(her) who proposed the plan that eventually benefited all of
us
(we).
考查实质：第一个空格是强调句 It was... who... 中被强调的主语部分，需用主格 she。第二个
空格位于介词 of 之后，作宾语，需用宾格 us。
3. 非谓语动词结构中的逻辑主语
例句: For him
(he) to complete such a challenging project alone seemed nearly impossible.
考查实质：空格是不定式短语 to complete... 的逻辑主语。在 “for sb. to do sth.” 结构中，
sb. 必须使用宾格形式。
4. 比较状语从句中的省略与还原
例句: You like the novel even more than I (me) do, but the editor praised you more than me
(I) for
the
review.
考查实质：第一个than 后，比较对象是“你喜欢”和“我喜欢”，I 作省略从句(than I do)的主
语。第二个than 后，比较对象是“表扬你”和“表扬我”，me 作省略从句(than he praised me)的宾
语。
5. 作表语时的正式文体要求
例句: —Who is responsible for the oversight? —The one to blame is I (me), and I apologize to all
affected, especially them
(they).
考查实质：在正式文体中，系动词is 后的表语传统上要求用主格I。第二个空格位于介词to 之
后，作宾语，需用宾格them。
二、 核心解题思路与步骤
两步破题法：结构分析 功能定格
→
1. 第一步：结构切割，锁定判断范围。
遇到复合句，先确定空格所属的主句、从句或短语结构。忽略插入语（如believing...）或修饰
成分，找到直接相关的动词或介词。
遇到and, or, but 连接的并列结构，确保并列部分语法功能一致。
2. 第二步：功能判定，应用黄金法则。
黄金法则1：动词/介词之后，必是宾格。 这是最快速且可靠的判断依据。直接检查空格前是
否为及物动词或介词。
黄金法则2：主语（从句主语）位置，必是主格。 确认空格是否为谓语动词的执行者。
黄金法则3：还原省略部分。 尤其在than, as 之后，将省略的从句成分（如than I do, than he
likes me） mentally 补充完整，即可清晰判断。
特殊结构记忆：It is... who/that...中被强调部分用主格；for sb. to do 中的sb.用宾格。
考向04 并列连词考点
核心考点实质：在语篇中，准确判断空格前后两部分（词、短语、句子）之间的逻辑关系，
并选择正确的并列连词进行对等连接。重点考查对并列、转折、选择、因果四大核心逻辑的识别
与应用，并需严格遵循语法对等原则。考查从单一关系判断升级为在复杂句子结构中的精准辨识。
一、 主要设题形式与例句
1. 基础逻辑关系的判断
例句：He is not only an outstanding scientist but also a dedicated teacher, so his students both
admire and respect him deeply.
考查实质：考查 not only...but also...（并列递进）、so（因果）、both...and...（并列）三组连词
关键在于识别不同分句及短语间的逻辑层次。
2. 并列连词 vs. 从属连词的辨析（高频难点）
例句：The evidence seems compelling, yet many remain skeptical, for they demand more concrete
data and reproducible results.
考查实质：yet（转折并列连词）连接两个独立分句，与 but 同义但语气更强。for（表原因的
并列连词）引导原因分句，置于主句后，区别于 because（从属连词）。and 连接两个并列宾语。
本题区分了并列连词和从属连词在连接分句时的使用差异。
3. 语法对等原则在复杂结构中的运用
例句：To complete the project on time requires meticulous planning, sufficient funding, and, most
importantly, a highly motivated team.
考查实质：and 连接三个并列的宾语成分（planning, funding, team），要求其语法形式对等
（均为名词性成分）。插入语 most importantly 构成干扰，但不影响并列结构。
4. 固定搭配与关联连词
例句：Either you apologize sincerely for the mistake, or we will have to reconsider our partnership.
This is not a threat but a necessary consequence.
考查实质：考查关联并列连词 either...or...（二者择一）和 not...but...（不是
而是
）的固
……
……
定搭配。需注意前后结构的对称性。
5. 在省略结构与非谓语中的逻辑判断
例句：The policy aims not to suppress creativity but (to) encourage innovation within a defined
framework, so achieving both safety and progress.
考查实质：第一个空格考查 not...but... 连接两个不定式 to suppress 和 (to) encourage，后一
个 to 可省略。so 引导结果状语（分词短语 achieving... 作结果）。both...and... 连接两个并列宾语。
考查了并列连词在非谓语结构中的应用。
二、 核心解题思路与步骤
三步破题法：析关系 验对等 定选项
→
→
1. 第一步：分析逻辑关系。
仔细阅读空格前后的句子或意群，判断其内在逻辑：
并列、递进：and, both...and..., not only...but also...
转折、对比：but, yet, while（作为并列连词时）
选择：or, either...or...
因果：so, for
关键技巧：寻找逻辑关键词。若后句是前句的直接结果，用 so；若后句是前句的原因解释，
用 for；若有明显对比或出乎意料，用 but 或 yet。
2. 第二步：验证语法对等性。
黄金原则：并列连词连接的前后部分必须在语法形式上对等（即词性、时态、结构一致）。
检查方法：画出连词连接的部分，看是否是“名词+名词”、“句子+句子”、“不定式+不定
式”等。这是避免误选的关键，尤其是排除从属连词干扰。
3. 第三步：确定最终选项并代入验证。
根据前两步的分析，从 and, but, or, so, for, yet, while 等并列连词中选择。
代入验证：将所选连词代入，通读句子，确保：
逻辑关系通顺。
句子结构完整（若连接两个独立分句，通常需有逗号隔开）。
符合固定搭配的要求（如 either 后必须接 or）。
考向01 冠词考点
【例1-1】(吉林省长春市东北师范大学附属中学2025-2026 学年高三上学期第二次摸底考试英语试题节选)
The Forbidden City, 1 masterpiece of ancient Chinese architecture and culture, houses amazing
Chinese cultural and historical relics.
【答案】a
【详解】考查冠词。句意：故宫，一件中国古代建筑与文化的杰作，收藏着众多令人惊叹的中国文化历史
文物。masterpiece“杰作”是可数名词，此处表示泛指，且masterpiece 发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词
a 修饰。故填a。
【例1-2】(云南昭通一中等三校2025-2026 学年高考备考实用性联考卷（四）英语试题节选)
So I think it’s not because there isn’t 5 buying public, 6
but
because the temptation of
other forms of information is too strong.
【答案】a
【详解】考查冠词。句意：所以我认为，这不是因为没有购买图书的群体，而是因为其他信息形式的诱惑
太强烈了。此处表示“一群购买图书的人”，为泛指，buying 是以辅音音素开头的单词，需用不定冠词a
修饰。故填a。
【例1-3】(2026 届浙江省宁波市海曙区等5 地高三一模英语试题节选)
With profits jumping to nearly 1.3 billion yuan at the box office as of Aug 26, the ink-wash animated film
Nobody has broken 1 previous record set by Big Fish & Begonia (2016), making it the highest-
earning domestic 2D animated film in Chinese cinema history.
【答案】the
【详解】考查冠词。句意：截至8 月26 日，该水墨动画电影的票房利润已飙升至近13 亿元。这部影片打
破了此前由《大鱼海棠》（2016 年）创下的纪录，成为中国电影史上票房最高的2D 动画电影。此处
record 特指之前的记录，用定冠词。故填the。
解｜题｜技｜巧
一、 核心解题方法（三步法）
第一步：查固定搭配与专有名词
首先快速判断空格是否位于无需逻辑推理的固定表达中。
零冠词固定短语：如 by bus, at night, in hospital（住院）。
定冠词固定短语：如 in the morning, play the piano。
专有名词规则：一般不加冠词（China, Mary），但由普通名词构成的集合名、海洋、河流等需
加the（the United States, the Pacific）。
第二步：析名词的“特指性”（最关键步骤）
对大多数考题，需进行如下判断：
自问核心问题：这个名词所指的对象，是对话双方已知、上文已提及、或被后置定语明确限定
的唯一事物吗？
如果是，用定冠词 the。
例题佐证：例1-3 中，record 被后置分词短语 set by Big Fish & Begonia (2016) 所限定，特指那条特
定记录，故填 the。
特指性的主要标志：
1. 名词后带有限制性定语（of 短语、定语从句、分词短语等）。
2. 名词前有形容词最高级、序数词（the best solution, the first time）。
3. 上下文明确或常识中唯一的事物（the sun, the government）。
第三步：判“非特指”情况下的选择
若名词非特指，则根据以下规则选择：
【变式1-1】（2026 届浙江省台州高三一模英语试题节选）
For the ancient paintings and calligraphy, the mounting (装裱) methods and restoration techniques are 5
national-level intangible cultural heritage item.
【变式1-2】（2026 届江西省景德镇高三上学期一模英语试题节选）
Industry insiders believe that with
7
the continuous improvement of technology and the continuous
expansion of the market, the intelligent related vehicle industry will become 8 important driving force to
upgrade China’s automotive industry.
【变式1-3】（贵州省六盘水市2025-2026 学年高三上学期一模英语试题节选）
But Fan Jinshi did not only look to 6 past. With great foresight, she brought together ancient
traditions with modem technology
考向02 介词考点
单数可数名词，表泛指或“一个”：用不定冠词 a/an。
例题佐证：例1-1 中，masterpiece 是单数可数名词，在句中作同位语，首次引入且泛指“一件杰
作”，故填 a。例1-2 中，buying public 被当作一个整体的“群体”概念，视为单数泛指，故
填 a。
复数可数名词或不可数名词，表泛指：用零冠词。
抽象名词、物质名词、三餐、学科等：通常用零冠词，但若被形容词修饰而具体化，则可能用
a/an（如 a good education）。
注｜意｜事｜项
1. “a/an + 抽象名词/物质名词”表示具体化：当抽象名词（如 knowledge, time）或物质名词
（如 coffee, iron）前有形容词修饰，或表示“一种”、“一场”、“一份”等具体概念时，可用
不定冠词。例：a deep love（一种深深的爱），a coffee（一杯咖啡）。
2. 固定短语中冠词的有无意义不同：这是高频易错点。必须辨析：
go to hospital（去医院看病） vs go to the hospital（去医院这个地点）
in charge of（负责） vs in the charge of（由
负责）
……
out of question（没问题） vs out of the question（不可能）
3.
“类指”表达的多样性：表示“一类事物”时，有三种正确方式，不可混淆：
A/An + 单数可数名词（强调任意一个代表）：A child needs care.
The + 单数可数名词（强调整个类别）：The computer is useful.
零冠词 + 复数可数名词（最常用）：Computers are useful.
4.
同位语、表语中冠词的特殊性：当名词作同位语或表语，说明主语的身份、性质且为泛
指时，即使主语是特指，该名词前也常用不定冠词或零冠词。例1-1 中，The Forbidden City 是特指，
但其同位语 masterpiece 是泛指概念，故用 a。
【例2-1】(2026 届浙江省温州市普通高中高三上学期第一次适应性考试英语试题节选)
Regulators face a delicate balance: encourage innovation while protecting consumers. The challenge is to
ensure that the appeal 10 convenience does not come at the cost of nutrition, quality or the authenticity (地道性)
that makes cuisine so central to culture.
【答案】 of
【详解】考查介词。句意：挑战在于确保便利的吸引力不会以牺牲营养、质量或使烹饪成为文化核心的地
道性为代价。the appeal of... 为固定搭配，意为 “
的吸引力”，此处指 “便利性的吸引力”，符合语
……
境。故填 of。
【例2-2】(吉林省长春市东北师范大学附属中学2025-2026 学年高三上学期第二次摸底考试英语试题节选)
Yingge Dance has gone beyond 7
its
(it) regional origins to attract international audiences.spreading the
cultural tales and traditional artistry far beyond China. On February 10, 2024, the dance was performed 8 the
first time in the UK,…….
【答案】for
【详解】考查介词。句意：2024 年2 月10 日，该舞蹈首次在英国演出，受到了热情和好奇的欢迎。for the
first time 为固定短语，意为“第一次”。故填for
【例2-3】(2026 届浙江省ZDB 联盟高三一模英语试题节选)
Labubu is described 5 an “elvish creature (小精灵) ”, and according to Pop Mart, “despite a naughty
look, she is kind-hearted and always wants to help, but often accidentally achieves 6 opposite.” She may
look small and scary, but she means well.
【答案】 5．as 6．the
【详解】5．考查介词。句意：Labubu 被描述为“小精灵”，根据泡泡玛特的说法，“尽管她看起来调皮，
但她心地善良，总是想帮助别人，但常常意外地达到相反的效果。”be described as 为固定短语，表示“被
描述为”。故填as。
6．考查冠词。句意：同上。此处应该用定冠词the 来修饰名词opposite，表示特指“相反的效果”。故填
the。
解｜题｜技｜巧
根据以上例题及介词考点体系，其解题核心在于识别固定搭配与分析逻辑关系。高考考查已从简单的
时空介词选择，深化为在复杂语境中对抽象搭配和精确逻辑的判断。
一、 核心解题方法（三步法）
第一步：优先识别固定搭配（解题捷径）这是解决大部分介词题的关键。迅速扫描空格前后，寻找是
否存在高频的固定组合。
1.
动词/形容词/名词 + 介词：这是最主要考点。
动词+介词：describe...as...（描述为
，如例
…
2-3）， insist on， depend on。
形容词+介词：be fond of， be satisfied with。
名词+介词：the appeal of...（
的吸引力，如例
…
2-1）， the key to， the reason for。
2. 介词短语：作为整体记忆的短语。
时间类：for the first time（第一次，如例2-2）， at the moment， in the end。
其他类：in front of， because of， in terms of。
第二步：分析逻辑关系（若无固定搭配）当无明显固定搭配时，需分析空格前后词语或句子之间
的内在逻辑，确定介词类别。
1. 时间关系：判断是“点”（at）、“天”（on）、“段”（in）、“持续”（for）还是“自
从”（since）。
2. 地点/方位关系：判断是“点”（at）、“内”（in）、“上”（on）、“之间”（between/
among）、“穿过”（through）等。
3. 方式、原因、目的等其他关系：
方式：by（通过
方式），
…
with（用
工具），
…
in（以
方式，如
…
in a low voice）。
原因：because of， due to， for（表原因的 for，如 famous for）。
关于：about（一般讨论）， on（严肃、学术论著）。
第三步：代入验证与排除 将所选介词代入，确保：
1. 语法正确：符合固定搭配或逻辑关系。
2. 语义通顺：句意完整合理。
3. 排除干扰：特别注意形近易混的介词，如：
across（横穿表面） vs through（穿越空间）
between（两者） vs among（三者及以上）
despite（尽管） vs instead of（而不是）
注｜意｜事｜项
1.
固定搭配的“唯一性”与“变体”：许多搭配是固定的，不容替换（如 be good at，不可用 in）。
但需注意同一核心词的不同搭配含义不同（如 agree with sb., agree to a plan, agree on a point）。
2.
抽象名词与介词的隐秘搭配：这是高频难点。需系统记忆常见抽象名词的搭配介词，如：
solution/key/answer to .../interest/confidence in .../reason/cause for ...例2-1 中的 appeal of 即属此类。
3.
“介词+关系代词”结构：在定语从句中，若关系代词（which, whom）前需填入介词，解题关键是
还原从句。将先行词代入从句，看其与从句动词或形容词构成何种介词搭配。例如：the tool with
which he works（他用来工作的工具），还原为 he works with the tool。
4.
在复杂结构中锁定核心搭配：当句子中有插入语、从句或修饰成分时，需跳过干扰，直接找到空格
前后最核心的词语，判断其是否存在搭配关系。例如，在“名词， + 定语从句， + 介词 ___ 名
词”的结构中，介词可能与主句名词搭配，也可能与从句动词搭配，需仔细分析。
【变式2-1】(海南省海口市琼山区海南中学2025-2026 学年高三上学期10 月月考英语试题节选)
I gained a deeper connection and appreciation
9
China’s culture and progress.
【变式2-2】(2026 届山东省实验中学高三上学期一诊英语试题节选)
5 based
(base)on the classic “Journey to the West”, the film doesn’t focus on the Monkey King. Instead, it
spotlights monsters that appear in the novel. A group of four low-level yaoguais decide to journey west by dressing
up 6 Monk Tang’s team.
【变式2-3】(浙江省宁波市鄞州中学2024-2025 学年高三考前适应性考试英语科试卷节选)
Then, using a series of mechanical and chemical 3 process
es
(process), the company is able to create one
ton of cellulose (纤维素) 4 two point three tons of leaves.
考向03 代词考点
【例3-1】(2025 届云南省临沧地区中学高考适应性月考卷（十）英语试题节选)
In recent years, the web’s problems seem to have begun outweighing 4 (it) benefits.
【答案】 its
【详解】考查代词。句意:近年来，网络产生的问题似乎已经开始超过网络带来的好处。空处用形容词性物
主代词its 修饰后面的名词benefit。故填its。
【例3-2】（湖南省常德市汉寿县第一中学2025-2026 学年高三上学期11 月期中英语试题节选）
However, he used the time 3 to read
(read) books and set up a lab in his home. But the smell from his lab
was often so strong that his mother had to stop 4 (he) from carrying out any more experiments at home.
【答案】him
【详解】考查代词。句意:但是他实验室里的气味太强烈了，他妈妈不得不阻止他在家里做任何实验。
空处需填宾格形式him 作宾语。故填him。
【例3-3】（2024 年全国甲卷语法填空节选）
Holding their hands together with fingers pointing towards 4 (them) was seen as a gesture signaling
friendliness. Later it became a common way for people to greet each other and express 5 thankful
ness
(thankful).
【答案】themselves
【解析】考查代词。句意:双手合十、手指指向自己被视为一种表示友好的手势。此处主语为people，宾语
与主语指代同一群体，用反身代词themselves，意为“他们自己”。故填themselves。
解｜题｜技｜巧
代词考点考查的核心是：在具体语境中，根据指代关系的一致性与句子成分的语法功能，精准选用代
词的适当形式（格、数、性）。
一、 核心解题方法（三步法）
第一步：定位指代对象，确保“数”与“性”一致
首先，明确空格处代词所指代的对象（先行词）是什么。
问自己：这个代词指代的是前文的谁或什么？
确定：根据先行词，确定代词所需的单复数和人称/性别。
例3-1 中，空格指代前文的the web（单数、无生命物），故用it 的某种形式。
例3-3 中，指代前文主语their hands 的所有者people（复数、第三人称），故用they 的某种形式。
第二步：分析句子成分，确定“格”的形式
这是选择代词具体形式的关键。分析代词在其所在句子或短语中充当的成分。
作主语
用
→
主格（I, you, he, she, it, we, they）。
作动词或介词的宾语
用
→
宾格（me, you, him, her, it, us, them）。
例3-2 中，stop ___ from doing，空格位于动词stop 后作宾语，故用宾格him。
作定语，修饰名词
用
→
形容词性物主代词（my, your, his, her, its, our, their）。
例3-1 中，空格修饰名词benefits，表示“它的好处”，故用its。
强调或表示动作作用于主语自身
用
→
反身代词（myself, yourself, himself 等）。
例3-3 中，pointing towards ___ ，动作“ 指向” 的逻辑主语是their hands 的所有者（即
people），宾语与主语指代同一对象，故用反身代词themselves。
第三步：代入验证，检查逻辑与固定搭配
1.
指代清晰：代词与先行词在数和性上一致，且指代明确无歧义。
2.
逻辑合理：句意通顺，尤其注意反身代词的使用是否满足“动作回射主语”的条件。
3.
搭配正确：符合动词短语的要求，如stop sb. from doing 中sb.需用宾格。
注｜意｜事｜项
1.
混淆形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词：这是最常出现的错误之一。
形容词性物主代词（如 its, their）后必须紧跟名词，不能单独使用。例：This is my book.（my 后有
名book）
名词性物主代词（如 mine, theirs）后绝不接名词，其本身相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。例
This book is mine.（=my book）
2.
忽视反身代词的两大核心用法：反身代词的使用必须满足以下条件之一，否则很可能用错：
宾语与主语指同一人/物（如例3-3）。
用于强调主语或宾语，常可译为“亲自”、“本人”，且去掉后句子意思仍然完整。例：I myself
did the
【变式3-1】（湖北省武汉中学2025-2026 学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题节选）
Today, young people are joining this field. They learn from master restorers and also use modern
technology, 8 digital scanning, to carry out their work accurately.
【变式3-2】（江苏省南京市玄武区南京外国语学校2025-2026 学年高三上学期10 月月考英语试题节选）
this nationally 2 ecognize
d (recognize) intangible cultural heritage event celebrates strength, courage, and
tradition through its historic “Three Manly Games”: Bokh (Mongolian wrestling), horse racing, and
archery, 3 documented roots dating back 800 years.
【变式3-3】（江苏省南京市玄武区南京外国语学校2025-2026 学年高三上学期10 月月考英语试题节选）
Historians debated whether war, disease, or starvation caused its collapse, but recent research points to climate
change 2 a key factor.
考向04 并列连词考点
【例4-1】(重庆市第一中学2025-2026 学年高三上学期10 月月考英语试题节选)
Contemporary adaptations have introduced varieties of 5 flavor
(flavor) to cater to evolving palates,
including chocolate, matcha, and even ice cream mooncakes. These modern twists appeal to younger
individuals 6 preserve the essence of the tradition.
【例4-2】（湖南省石门县第一中学2025-2026 学年高三上学期入学考试英语试题节选）
Some places get lots of sunlight. Some places get little 6
no sunlight in winter. And their temperatures
differ from place to place.
【例4-3】（2024 年全国甲卷语法填空节选）
Speed’s lively adventures have not only entertained 8 reshaped many people’s perceptions of China.
Through his real-time broadcasts, viewers worldwide are gaining a closer look at the country and its daily life.
work.
3.
在 than/as 比较从句中误判“格”：在than 或as 引导的比较状语从句中，代词的格取决于它在省
略的从句中充当的成分。
例：He likes you more than me. (than he likes me) —— me 作从句宾语。
例：He is taller than I. (than I am) —— I 作从句主语。
4.
不定代词与谓语动词、后置定语的一致问题：
不定代词（如someone, anything, nobody）作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
修饰不定代词的定语要后置，如something important。
解｜题｜技｜巧
并列连词考点考查的核心是：精准判断空格前后两部分（词、短语或句子）的逻辑关系，并严格
遵循语法对等原则选择正确的连词。高考考查侧重在具体语境中对并列、转折、选择、因果四大逻辑
关系的辨识与应用。
一、 核心解题方法（三步法）
第一步：分析逻辑关系
仔细阅读空格前后的信息，判断其内在逻辑。
并列/递进关系（常考and）：前后内容意思一致、方向相同或层层递进。
例4-1：appeal to younger individuals（吸引年轻人）与 preserve the essence（保留精髓）是同一事物
（现代创新）带来的两个并列积极结果，用and。
选择关系（常考or）：前后内容提供不同选项或可能性，常与either, whether 搭配。
例4-2：little sunlight（很少阳光）与 no sunlight（没有阳光）是程度上的两种选择可能，用or。
转折/对比关系（常考but, yet）：前后意思相反或形成对比。
例4-3：not just a rice bowl（不仅是一碗饭）与 a mission（一项使命）形成意义对比，not...but...为
固定搭配，意为“不是
而是
”。
……
……
因果关系（常考so, for）：so 表结果（前因后果），for 表原因（前果后因，用于解释说明）。
第二步：验证语法对等性（黄金原则）
并列连词连接的前后部分必须在语法形式上对等（结构对称）。
词性对等：名词+名词，动词+动词，句子+句子等。
结构对等：to do + to do, doing + doing，完整句+完整句。
例4-1 验证：appeal to...（动词短语）与 preserve...（动词短语）对等，结构正确。
第三步：确定最终选项并代入验证
根据逻辑关系选择连词后，代入原句检查：
1. 逻辑是否通顺。
2. 句子结构是否完整（若连接两个独立分句，需有逗号）。
3. 是否符合固定搭配（如 either...or..., not only...but also...）。
注｜意｜事｜项
1.
并列连词与从属连词的混淆：这是核心难点。并列连词（and, but, or, so, for, yet）连接对等的句子成
分或独立分句。从属连词（because, although, when, if 等）引导从句，依附于主句。
判断口诀：若空格前后都是完整的句子（主谓宾齐全），且无主从关系，则用并列连词。
2.
固定搭配的完整性：必须注意关联连词要成对出现且结构对称。
both A and B（A 和B 结构需对等）
not only A but also B（不仅A 而且B）
【变式4-1】（福建省厦门第六中学2025-2026 学年高三上学期11 月月考英语试题节选）
The second is to take a kitchen torch (火枪) in a method called “torch hei” — that involves spreading food in
a single layer on a baking sheet 9 “giving it a few leisurely passes with a torch”.
【变式4-2】（江苏省南京市玄武区南京外国语学校2025-2026 学年高三上学期10 月月考英语试题节选）
In some schools, AI-powered robots co-teach lessons to increase student engagement 6 smart platforms
help teachers grade homework more efficiently by giving 7 timely
(time) personalized feedback.
【变式4-3】（陕西省陕西师范大学附属中学2025-2026 学年高三上学期期中英语试题节选）
The first China Xinjiang Folk Art Season will be launched in Urumqi on August 20, presenting diverse folk
art forms such as dance and theatre 1to
highlight
(highlight) singing and dancing as important cultural symbols
of Xinjiang 2 strengthening the cultural bond among various ethnic groups.
专题01 高考真题练
A
（2025 年全国高考一卷英语真题）
An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese,
1 originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.
Go is one of 2 earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games. The movements of the black and white
pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the exhibition.
“The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu. “We
hope 3 (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with
minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.”
“In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force
them to follow your ‘ 4 (guide)’ till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the
both A and B（A 和B 结构需对等）
not only A but also B（不仅A 而且B）
either A or B（要么A 要么B）
neither A nor B（既不A 也不B）
3.
so 与 for 的辨析：
so（因此）表示前因后果，后接结果。
for（因为）表示附加原因或理由，是对前文的解释，语气较弱，不能用于句首。
4.
but 与 yet 的细微差别：yet 语气比 but 更强，且更正式，常含“尽管如此却”的意味。
5.
在复杂句中避免干扰：遇到长句时，先剔除插入语、定语从句等修饰成分，直接找出需要连接的两
个核心部分，再判断其逻辑关系。例如，在“A， 插入语， ___ B”结构中，连词连接的是A 和B。
exhibition.
“The players’ personalities 5 (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the
opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always 6 (try) to beat the opponent 7 no more than
one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. ”
Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the 8 (strategy)
placement of the pieces, 9 the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings,
sculptures, 10 (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
B
（2024 年1 月浙江省首考普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题）
The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping
for one, buying extra 1 (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. Either your shopping is then
too heavy to carry home 2 you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh.
Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way 3 will make them the most
money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s 4 they’ll promote. But that
leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed.
Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the 5 (criticize)
that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items. However, though it’s nice to get a few cents
off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes 6 (offer) in smaller packs. Even
the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day.
If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some
supermarkets 7 (start) selling chicken or salad in packs 8 (design) with two halves containing
separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section, 9 other stays fresh.
Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking 10 (one) may yet come out with a whole
range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well.
C
（2023 年新课标全国Ⅰ卷英语真题）
Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, 1
(taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming
and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether 2 (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the
stream and risking a spill (溢出), 3 to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on
your tongue. Shanghai may be the 4 (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will
actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long Bao’s birthplace. There you will find them
prepared differently — more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed 5 hand rather than
rolled. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them 6 (lift) out of the steamer
basket without tearing or spilling any of 7 (they) contents. The meat should be fresh with 8 touch
of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.
No matter where I buy them, one steamer is 9 (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left
10 (want) more next time.
专题02 优秀模拟题
A
(贵州省贵阳市第一中学2025-2026 学年高三上学期11 月期中考试英语试题)
China’s Chang’e-6 (CE-6) lunar mission team was honored with the 2025 World Space Award by the
International Astronautical Federation (IAF), 1 recognizes their historic achievement of collecting the
first-ever samples from the far side of the Moon.
The CE-6 probe successfully landed in the Apollo crater within the South Pole-Aitken basin on June 2, 2024.
This mission is of great 2 (significant) to scientists worldwide because the lunar far side, which is 3
(extreme) different from the nearside, may hold answers 4 fundamental questions about the Moon’s
formation and evolution.
To collect these 5 (value) samples, the probe used a drill and a robotic arm. Researchers now aim
6 (analyze) the samples to find evidence of early meteorite impacts. “This data means we have 7 unique
chance to understand how the solar system 8 (construct) in its early days,” said lead geologist Zongyu
Yue.
The returned samples, 9 (weigh) a total of 1,935.3 grams, were displayed at the International
Astronautical Congress in Sydney. Their analysis in the coming years will be vital for planning future lunar exploration.
The success of Chang’e-6 not only demonstrates China’s technological advancement, 10 profoundly
contributes to humanity’s understanding of the Moon.
B
(江苏省徐州市2025-2026 学年高三上学期期中零模英语试题)
Once buried in the dust of archaeological sites, oracle bone inscriptions(甲骨文) are now breathing new vitality
into contemporary culture in various areas. In the field of design, these age-old characters have evolved into trendy
elements. A well-known clothing brand, for instance, launched a T-shirt collection 1 (feature) oracle bone
inscriptions. The unique combination appealed to young consumers, contributing to a rapid sell-out online.
Digital media has also served as 2 bridge to popularize this ancient writing. A short video series
3 (title) Oracle Bone Stories has gained over 10 million views, each episode 4 (creative) employing
animations to explain the origin of a character.
Education is another stage 5 oracle bone inscriptions are making their mark. Many high schools in China
have included oracle bone studies in their 6 (option) courses. Students practice copying basic characters
and interpreting their meanings, which fosters a deeper affection 7 Chinese culture. A student shared, “I
used to find ancient writing boring, but now I realize each character is like a fascinating story.”
Therefore, this ancient cultural heritage 8 (integrate) into modern life deeply so far. This creative
integration of tradition and modernity 9 (prove) that oracle bone inscriptions are not mere heritages of the past
10
a dynamic part of Chinese culture that continues to inspire new forms of expression.
C
(河北省秦皇岛市普中2025-2026 学年高三上学期11 月期中英语试题)
Moving through the remains of a centuries-old watchtower, a four-legged robot is checking the “health” of the
Great Wall.
1 (equip) with advanced devices, such as smart sensors, high-definition cameras, and lidar (激光雷
达), the robot can 2 (precise) identify cracks and missing bricks, and report them to relevant departments in real
time. “It can replace humans to perform dangerous and hard inspections, 3 (improve) the efficiency and
quality of the Great Wall protection,” says Liu Liang, head of a research team. The use of the sharp-eyed robot reflects
China’s ongoing efforts 4 (enhance) protection through high-end technologies.
Additionally, professionals are introducing innovative “treatments” to preserve the cultural heritage site, one
of 5 is a biological conservation method developed by Liu’s team.
Rain damage has been a constant threat to the 6 (stable) of rammed earth (夯土) walls. However,
experts found that certain walls were remarkably 7 (resist) to water damage. A special type of algae (藻类)
growing on the earth surface turned out to be the real guardian against rain damage. Recently, the team has cultivated
the organism and applied the effective, eco-friendly method 8 the surface of the rammed earth walls.
These technologies not just strengthen the Great Wall’s physical structures, 9 serve as a bridge
connecting people to the Wall’s cultural heritage and raising public awareness of its protection. The educational
institutions are doing just that. For example, special courses integrating the use of AI tools, such as DeepSeek, with
knowledge on the Great Wall, 10 (develop) for children, according to Dong Yaohui, head of the research
institute of the Great Wall at Hebei GEO University.
D
（四川省成都列五中学2025-2026 学年高三上学期期中英语试题）
At the 2025 China Movie and TV Night in Shanghai on Sunday, many actors and producers agreed that China’s
film and television industry and market 1 (witness) massive changes, and good stories are connecting
people 2 time, space and cultural boundaries.
Hosted by China Media Group, the event is part of the ongoing 27th Shanghai International Film Festival
running from June 13 to the coming Sunday. 3 this year celebrates the 120th anniversary of Chinese
cinema, the event paid tribute (致敬) to a number of seasoned actors 4 applauded works while introducing
new works that continue to tell good stories.
Dingjun Mountain was China’s first movie, released in 1905. 5 impressed the attendees most was
that, after 120 years, a scene was vividly reproduced at the event using AI-generated content (AIGC) technology.
The 6 (combine) of story ideas, technology and art have brought many old masterpieces back to life. This
year’s film festival also features 7 special unit 8 (consist) of several 4K-restored films from
across the globe, including Sunset Boulevard, Hugo the Hippo, The Sting of Death, The Chinese Feast, The Big
Lebowski, Hula Girls, and Awara, the first Indian film 9 (release) in China.
“The 4K-restored films are giving audiences a new experience with these classic stories, an important trend at
this year's festival,” says 10 (note) Italian film producer and festival director Marco Muller.
E
（山西省太原市2025-2026 学年高三上学期期中学业诊断英语试题）
Last year when I was in China, breakfast 1 (mean) the same lively sounds every morning — “Hot soy
milk! Freshly steamed baozi!” On the corner, the warm smell floated along the street. People lined up with sleepy
smiles, some 2 (chat) with the stall owner, others skimming the morning headlines. As soon as the food was
handed over, they grabbed a first bite while it was still hot. The bang of pots, the splash of oil, and soft clouds of
steam made the street feel welcoming, as if breakfast had opened the city’s front door 3 (greet) the waking
world.
Now, back home in a small town in the U.S., mornings are quiet and rushed — a bowl of cereal with cold
milk, a piece of toast, or juice in the car, all of which are familiar 4 (scene) in daily life. The kitchen feels cold;
there are no lines, no talk — just the noise of the fridge 5 the tick of the clock. It feels 6 (distance),
like eating alone before the day even notices you.
I deeply miss mornings in Beijing where breakfast 7 (it) is part of the day. It isn’t just a fuel; it’s 8
short pause warming you up and bringing you into the life of the street. Living in Beijing has shown me how breakfast
can shape the start of a day. I find myself 9 (draw) to the corner stall, not only for food, but for the small
routine 10 let me slow my pace, listen, and feel close to the city.
F
（湖南省湘东十二校联考2025-2026 学年高三上学期11 月期中英语试题）
The erhu, also known as the Chinese two-stringed fiddle, has a long history, which was called Xiqin during
the Song Dynasty. By the time of the Yuan Dynasty, 1 instrument named Huqin appeared, which is
considered the true 2 (begin) of the modern erhu. Starting from the Qing Dynasty, more than ten kinds of Huqin
came into use, all of 3 play important roles in traditional Chinese music.
An erhu usually has a sound box that is round, six-sided, or eight-sided. One end is covered with snake skin,
often from a python, 4 the other end has a beautifully carved opening. The instrument has two strings, and
the bow is made of bamboo with horsehair. The bow passes between the two strings. In recent times, many
improvements 5 (make) to enhance its sound quality.
One of the most famous erhu pieces is The Moon Reflected in the Second Spring, 6 (write) by the
folk artist A Bing from Wuxi in the mid-20th century, which has two main themes that flow together 7 (smooth).
They rise and fall gently, 8 stronger parts showing the writer’s strong spirit. 9 (use) different
bowing methods and five hand positions, the music expresses the artist’s sadness and his difficult experiences in the
old society. It is a perfect example of Chinese folk music created by a 10 (talent) local artist.
G
（2026 届四川省雅安市高三零模考试英语试题）
At the seventh Silk Road(Dunhuang) International Cultural Expo, Gansu revealed a restored Cave 57 from
Mogao Grottoes. 1 (bring) to life via advanced 3D reconstruction, this version has impressed visitors with
high precision. It replicates (复制) the cave’s original structure, mural colors and sculptural charm, 2 (make)
the restoration nearly identical to the original.
Gansu’s Digital Dunhuang initiative has also progressed. Its Digital Library Cave platform now 3
(hold) over 74,000 entries, including documents, sutras and images. 4 makes the platform valuable is that it
reunites Dunhuang relics that are dispersed overseas.
These efforts show Gansu’s dedication 5 protecting local heritage. This year, the province allocated
103 million yuan for relic protection and launched over 60 projects aimed at grotto protection and exhibition. 6
(notable), Gansu has developed Dunhuang Academy into a top heritage protection center. As a Silk Road cultural
gem, the academy explores a range of new 7 (way) in relic protection, digital preservation and academic
research.
Dunhuang Academy supervises three UNESCO World Heritage sites: the Mogao Grottoes, Maijishan Grottoes
and Bingling Temple Grottoes, 8 span over 1,500 kilometers altogether, turning it into China’s largest
cultural institution and museum in terms of the number of heritage sites and geographical scope. It is clear that such
efforts safeguard local relics 9 boost global cultural exchange, reflecting Gansu’s sense of 10
(responsible) for heritage inheritance.
H
（2026 届贵州省遵义市遵义市第二十二中学高三上学期模拟预测英语试题）
Lunyu, or the Analects of Confucius, is 1 fine example of world literature and the publication of
the Maltese version of the ancient Chinese book would further enhance cultural exchanges between China and Malta,
says Maltese Sinologist and translator of the book Salvatore Giuffre.
It is the first time that the book, which is a collection of ideas and sayings from the ancient Chinese philosopher
Confucius (551-479 BC), 2 (translate) into Maltese.
3 made us moved was that Giuffre spent around two years making the anthology accessible to
Maltese readers, especially to young students, by translating it. 4 (current), the Maltese version is available
for local readers. The translated version is complete with an introduction to the life of Confucius, the era he lived in,
his teachings and the key concepts, terms, names and figures 5 (mention) in the book.
Giuffre says he added comments and explanations to make the text 6 (easy) for Maltese readers to
understand. “I tried to keep my Maltese version as understandable as possible to enable a larger circle of readers to
benefit 7 it,” Giuffre says. “I hope my translation will contribute to the spread of Chinese culture 8
knowledge of Chinese philosophy in Malta.”
Giuffre notes that Confucius not only teaches people how to become good rulers but also how to govern a
country. The Chinese initiative of building a community with a shared future clearly expresses the vision of today’s
China 9 (promote) a peaceful system of good global governance.
“Confucius’ idea of good governance would then be taken as a model for world harmony, 10
(cooperate) and governance,” he says.
I
（2026 届浙江省永嘉中学高三上学期第一次联考模拟英语试题）
Common water plant could provide a green energy source. Scientists have figured out how to get large amounts
of oil from duckweed, one of nature’s fastest-growing water plants. Transferring such plant oil into biodiesel (生物
柴油) for transportation and 1 (heat) could be a big part of a more sustainable future.
For a new study, researchers genetically engineered duckweed plants to produce seven times more oil per acre
than soybeans. John Shanklin, a biochemist says further research could double the 2 (engineer) duckweed’s
oil output in the next few years.
Biofuels, which are distinct from fossil fuels 3 form underground, possess renewability whereas
their consumption rate 4 (exceed) by regeneration speed. Lower carbon footprints compared to those
produced by fossil fuels can be achieved by fuels sourced from both unused and recycled vegetable oils, animal fat,
alongside seaweed sources. Nevertheless, negative perceptions have been increasingly directed toward them recently.
This 5 (criticize) is partly attributed to the reality that substantial crop 6 (volume) are now
diverted toward energy production instead of food supplies, while over 100 million acres of global agricultural land
are occupied by biofuel cultivation.
Duckweed, common on every continent but Antarctica, is among the world’s most productive plants and the
researchers suggest it could be a game-changing renewable energy source for three key reasons. First, it grows 7
(ready) in water, so it wouldn’t compete with food crops for agricultural land. Second, duckweed can grow fast in
agricultural pollution released into the water. Third, Shanklin and his team found a way to avoid a major
biotechnological barrier. For 8 new study, Shanklin says, the researchers added an oil-producing gene,
“turning it on like a light switch” 9 introducing a particular molecule only when the plant had finished
growing.
To expand production to industrial levels, scientists will need to design and produce large-scale bases for
growing engineered plants and obtaining oil is a challenge. Shanklin says, 10 duckweed is a non-
mainstream crop without much existing infrastructure.
J
（2025 届浙江省温州市普通高中高三下学期第三次适应性考试英语试题卷）
Blind boxes have taken the world by storm, catching the imaginations of collectors and new buyers alike.
These mystery boxes, containing 1 (hide) items revealed only after purchase, offer a mix of surprise and
exclusivity (独家性). From toys to high-end collectibles, 2 blind box trend attracts anyone seeking
excitement or wanting to add something unique to their collection.
The appeal lies in the excitement of not knowing 3 is inside, combined with the desire to complete a set or
find rare items. This concept of discovery keeps collectors 4 (come) back for more and has helped transform
the blind box industry into a multibillion-dollar market.
For those new 5 the blind box world, starting a collection can be a rewarding experience. Begin by
selecting a brand or theme that matches your interests. Many collectors recommend focusing on a specific series,
which makes the collection more personal 6 helps prevent unnecessary purchases. Engaging with the
community can also enhance your collecting journey. There are countless social media groups where collectors share
tips and discuss new 7 (release). Connecting with other collectors 8 (allow) you to trade the
same items, find rare pieces, and share in the excitement of each new 9 (add) to your collection.
Whether you’re an experienced collector or a newcomer, the world of blind boxes offers 10 (end)
possibilities, turning every unboxing into an adventure.
K
（2025 届江苏省苏锡常镇高三下学期二模英语试卷）
In recent weeks, the US internet users have been flocking (蜂拥) in surprising numbers to sign up to a popular
Chinese social media app called the Little Rednote, also known as Xiaohongshu, 1 (lead) to an increasing
relationship between Chinese and American citizens as they exchange jokes, memes (模因) 2 even help each
other with their homework. It seems that US internet users fall in love with China’s memes and can’t get enough of
them.
Perhaps you’ve heard of “u swan (天鹅), he frog”? In August 2024, the influencer YourKris published a post
on the Little Rednote in 3 she discussed relationship troubles with her boyfriend. She 4 (meet) by a flood
of supportive comments from Chinese users featuring turns of phrase such as “you swan, he frog”. The 5 (literal)
translated idiom was subsequently used by Americans online 6 (describe) everything from celebrity
relationships 7 political candidates.
The 8 (popular) of Chinese memes reveals how American users are expressing a great interest in
China nowadays and it is providing an opportunity for interactions between two countries.
According to some American 9 (create) who share Chinese content online, the reason why it performs
well is the same reason any content 10 (do) well: it’s funny, well-made, and feels authentic.
