高三英语二轮复习提分培优赋能（天津专用）
专题06 完形填空满分技能讲练测（技能+真题+模拟）解析版
一、完形填空满分技能
1
二、完形填空真题再练
2
三、完形填空名校模拟
25
一、完形填空满分技能
一、利用“语境线索定位法”，锁定语义匹配项
记叙文的上下文存在紧密的语义关联，空格处的答案往往能在前后句中找到直接或间接的线索（如动
作、状态、情感的描述）。通过定位这些线索，可快速排除语义不符的选项，锁定正确答案。
例1 (2025 年天津3 月考第 16 题) Six months ago, he was on his way to Florida when he 16 a public
piano at Chicago O’ Hare International Airport.
16. A. donated
B. spotted
C. tuned
D. purchased
线索定位：根据后文“He played a few notes. It was the worst piano he’d ever played.” 可知，他是先“看
到”钢琴，才会弹奏并发现钢琴问题。前文未提及他捐赠、调音或购买钢琴的背景。
答案解析：B 选项“spotted”（发现、看到）符合语境，其余选项均与上下文语义逻辑不符。
二、依托“逻辑关系推导法”，破解上下文衔接
记叙文通过逻辑连词（如 and、but、so、because）或隐含逻辑（因果、转折、递进、时间）串联情节。
通过分析空格前后的逻辑关系，可推断出答案的语义倾向，排除逻辑矛盾的选项。
例2(2025 年天津3 月考第 17 题) It was the worst piano he’d ever played. He decided to come back some day to
tune it 17 .
17. A. in vain
B. with luck
C. for free
D. at random
逻辑分析：前文提到钢琴状态极差，后文提到他主动回来调音，结合文末“It was just a cool community
thing to do.”可知，他的行为是无偿的公益行为，存在“问题解决 + 善意付出”的逻辑。
答案解析：C 选项 “for free”（免费地）符合他公益行为的逻辑，A 选项“徒劳地”、B 选项“幸运
地”、D 选项“随意地”均与上下文逻辑不符。
三、聚焦“情感态度呼应法”，把握人物行为动机
记叙文的人物行为由情感态度驱动，答案往往与人物的情感倾向（积极、消极、中性）或态度立场一
致。通过把握文中人物的情感变化，可推断出符合其行为逻辑的选项。
例3 (2025 年天津3 月考第 34 题) “I’m 34 that people are playing the piano again,” Jackson told a news
reporter.
34. A. interested
B. shocked
C. puzzled
D. thrilled
情感分析：全文体现 Jackson 对钢琴的热爱（4 岁开始弹琴、18 岁从事调音职业）和对公益的热情
（无偿修复机场钢琴），钢琴重新被使用符合他的初衷，他的情感应是积极且强烈的。
答案解析：D 选项“thrilled”（激动的、兴奋的）契合他的积极情感，A 选项“感兴趣的”程度过轻，
B 选项“震惊的”、C 选项“困惑的”均为消极或中性情感，与语境不符。
四、运用“固定搭配排除法”，精准锁定语法正确项
完形填空中常考查动词短语、介词搭配等固定表达，这些搭配具有固定的语义和语法结构。通过识别
固定搭配，可快速排除语法错误或语义不符的选项，提高答题效率。
例4(2025 年天津3 月考第 27 题)...the piece that inspired him to 27 the piano when he was younger.
27. A. pull out
B. take up
C. give away
D. bring back
搭配分析：空格后宾语为“the piano”，结合前文“Josiah Jackson has played piano since age 4”可知，此
处指他“开始学习钢琴”。
答案解析：B 选项“take up”（开始从事、学习）构成“take up the piano”（开始学钢琴）的固定搭配，
符合语义；A 选项“拔出”、C 选项“捐赠”、D 选项“带回”均与“学习钢琴”的语义不符。
四、完形填空实用满分小妙招
1.通读全文把握大意，必要时再读1-2 遍；
2.细读全文，边读边选，遇到疑难做标记。
3.复读疑难处，必要时结合首尾段和主旨。
4.重视词语复现和语境逻辑，甚至褒贬性。
5.遇到三熟一生，学会用排除法去伪存真。
6.核对答案查找错因，积累高频词汇短语。
二、完形填空真题再练
真题专区
: 练真题
, 明方向
; 练技巧
, 提能力
; 练速度
, 提分数
!
01（2025·天津·高考真题）Josiah Jackson has played piano since age 4 and he started his piano-tuning (钢琴
调音) career at 18.
Six months ago, he was on his way to Florida when he 1 a public piano at Chicago O’Hare International
Airport. He played a few notes. It was the worst piano he’d ever played. He decided to come back some day to tune
it 2 .
He recently got the 3 to put his plan into action. As his flight would stop in Chicago again, he 4
an eight-hour layover (中转停留). After 5 the airport to make sure the piano was still there, he arranged
to mail his piano-tuning equipment to the airport.
Upon arriving, he found the piano in very 6 shape — dust was everywhere, and there was a gluey
substance under the keys that 7 them from working. Jackson sat on the floor to 8 clean the 88
keys one by one. He 9 the reason why the piano was such a mess — it was next to a bar and people had
spilled (洒落) drinks on the keys.
The cleaning was a big 10 . That left him with about 45 minutes before he’d have to 11 to
catch his flight. So he did the fastest tuning. He then played a bit of “Pirates of the Caribbean”: the piece that inspired
him to 12 the piano when he was younger. Even with a quick tuning, the piano sounded really good.
He 13 had time to admire his work, but he had achieved his goal: the 14 of the piano. It
was again ready to be played by anyone with a few minutes to spare 15 flights. He left a 16 on the pi
ano
— “No drinks near piano, please!”
A video was posted on TikTok showing how he cleaned and tuned the piano, which has received more than
1,500 17 . “So glad the piano is 18 , Thank you for bringing a new life to the piano!” one person
wrote.
“I’m 19 that people are playing the piano again,” Jackson told a news reporter, “Piano tuners are
becoming more and more 20 , and I’m one of the few who could fix it. It was just a cool community thing
to do.”
1．A．donated
B．spotted
C．tuned
D．purchased
2．A．in vain
B．with luck
C．for free
D．at random
3．A．message
B．reward
C．demand
D．chance
4．A．scheduled
B．revealed
C．canceled
D．delayed
5．A．promising
B．contacting
C．inspecting
D．ordering
6．A．rough
B．simple
C．unique
D．normal
7．A．rescued
B．defended
C．liberated
D．prevented
8．A．casually
B．effortlessly
C．patiently
D．briefly
9．A．figured out
B．made up
C．set aside
D．turned down
10．A．fortune
B．expectation
C．challenge
D．sacrifice
11．A．flee
B．wander
C．slide
D．race
12．A．pull out
B．take up
C．give away
D．bring back
13．A．barely
B．definitely
C．merely
D．generally
14．A. contribution
B. introduction
C. transformation
D. appreciation
15. A. behind
B. between
C. below
D. beyond
16. A. report
B. record
C. bill
D. sign
17. A. invitations
B. awards
C. comments
D. offers
18. A. replaced
B. restored
C. evaluated
D. explored
19. A. interested
B. shocked
C. puzzled
D. thrilled
20. A. rare
B. available
C. modest
D. generous
【答案】
1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. C 11. D 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. B 16. D 17.
C 18. B 19. D 20. A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了钢琴调音师Josiah Jackson 在机场发现并修复了一架坏掉的公
共钢琴的故事。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：六个月前，他在去佛罗里达的路上，在芝加哥奥黑尔国际机场发现了一架公
共钢琴。A. donated 捐赠；B. spotted 发现；C. tuned 调音；D. purchased 购买。根据后文“He played a few
notes. It was the worst piano he’d ever played.”可知，他发现了这架钢琴并弹奏了几个音符。故选B。
2. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：他决定有一天回来免费为它调音。A. in vain 徒劳；B. with luck 幸运地；C. for
free 免费；D. at random 随机地。根据后文“he arranged to mail his piano-tuning equipment to the airport”他专
程带着工具回来修理，以及文章最后他认为这是“a cool community thing to do”，可知他是出于善意无偿服
务。故选C。
3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他最近得到了实施计划的机会。A. message 信息；B. reward 奖励；C.
demand 要求；D. chance 机会。根据后文“As his flight would stop in Chicago again, he 4 an eight-hour
layover (中转停留).”以及描述他利用航班中转时间修复钢琴可知，他得到了这个机会。故选D。
4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于他的航班将再次在芝加哥停留，他安排了八个小时的中转停留时间。A.
scheduled 安排；B. revealed 揭示；C. canceled 取消；D. delayed 延迟。根据后文“an eight-hour layover”可知，
为了有足够时间修理钢琴，他特意规划了行程。故选A。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在联系机场确认钢琴还在那里后，他安排将钢琴调音设备邮寄到机场。A.
promising 承诺；B. contacting 联系；C. inspecting 检查；D. ordering 命令。根据后文“the airport to make sure
the piano was still there”可知，他需要先与机场沟通确认情况。故选B。
6. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到达后，他发现钢琴的状况非常糟糕——到处都是灰尘，琴键下面有一种
粘性物质阻止了它们的工作。A. rough 糟糕的；B. simple 简单的；C. unique 独特的；D. normal 正常的。根
据后文“dust was everywhere”可知，钢琴状况糟糕。故选A。
7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. rescued 拯救；B. defended 防御；C. liberated 解放；D. prevented 阻止。
根据前文“there was a gluey substance under the keys”和后文“them from working”可知，这种粘性物质导致
琴键无法正常工作，prevent...from doing 是固定搭配，意为“阻止……做……”。故选D。
8. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Jackson 坐在地板上耐心地一个一个地清洁88 个琴键。A. casually 随意地；B.
effortlessly 轻松地；C. patiently 耐心地；D. briefly 短暂地。根据后文“clean the 88 keys one by one”可知，清
洁88 个琴键是一项繁琐的工作，需要极大的耐心。故选C。
9. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他弄清楚了为什么钢琴会这么一团糟——它紧挨着一家酒吧，人们把饮料洒
在了琴键上。A. figured out 弄清楚；B. made up 编造；C. set aside 留出；D. turned down 拒绝。根据后文“the
reason why the piano was such a mess — it was next to a bar and people had spilled (洒落) drinks on the keys.”可
知，后文解释了钢琴脏乱的原因，说明他查明了真相。故选A。
10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：清洁工作是一个巨大的挑战。A. fortune 财富；B. expectation 期望；C.
challenge 挑战；D. sacrifice 牺牲。根据后文“That left him with about 45 minutes before he’d have to 11 to
catch his flight.”描述他只有有限的时间完成清洁和调音可知，这是一个挑战。故选C。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他不得不匆忙赶飞机之前，他还剩下大约45 分钟的时间。A. flee 逃跑；
B. wander 徘徊；C. slide 滑动；D. race 跑去。根据后文“to catch his flight”可知，时间紧迫，他需要匆忙去
赶飞机，race to do 有“匆忙去做某事”的含义。故选D。
12. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后他弹奏了一段《加勒比海盗》的曲子 —— 这首曲子在他小时候激励他
开始学习钢琴。A. pull out 拔出；B. take up 开始从事；C. give away 赠送；D. bring back 带回。根据后文“the
piano when he was younger”可知，曲子激励他走上学习钢琴的道路，take up the piano 表示“开始学习钢琴”
故选B。
13. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他几乎没有时间欣赏自己的作品，但他已经实现了目标：钢琴的转变。A.
barely 几乎不；B. definitely 肯定地；C. merely 仅仅；D. generally 通常。根据前文“That left him with about
45 minutes before he’d have to 11 to catch his flight.”可知，只剩45 分钟赶飞机，调音后时间所剩无几，
所以几乎没时间欣赏成果。故选A。
14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. contribution 贡献；B. introduction 介绍；C. transformation 转变；D.
appreciation 欣赏。根据前文“Even with a quick tuning, the piano sounded really good.”可知，钢琴从破旧无法
弹奏到能正常发声，发生了巨大转变。故选C。
15. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：它再次准备好让任何在航班之间有空闲几分钟的人弹奏。A. behind 在……
后面；B. between 在……之间；C. below 在……下面；D. beyond 超过。根据前文“It was again ready to be
played by anyone with a few minutes to spare”和后文“flights”可知，这里指在航班之间有空闲时间的人。故
选B。
16. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在钢琴上留下了一个提示牌——“请不要在钢琴附近喝饮料！”A. report
报告；B. record 记录；C. bill 账单；D. sign 指示牌，标志。根据后文“No drinks near piano, please!”可知，
这是一条提醒大家的提示牌。故选D。
17. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：TikTok 上发布了一段他清洁和调音钢琴的视频，收到了1500 多条评论。A.
invitations 邀请；B. awards 奖项；C. comments 评论；D. offers 提供。根据前文“A video was posted on
TikTok”可知，视频发布在社交平台上，收到的应是网友的评论，后文也引用了网友的留言。故选C。
18. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“很高兴钢琴恢复了原状，谢谢你给钢琴带来了新的生命！”一个人写道。
A. replaced 替换；B. restored 恢复，修复；C. evaluated 评估；D. explored 探索。根据后文“Thank you for
bringing a new life to the piano!”可知，钢琴被修好，重新可以使用。故选B。
19. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我很激动人们又开始弹钢琴了，”Jackson 告诉一位新闻记者。A.
interested 感兴趣的；B. shocked 震惊的；C. puzzled 困惑的；D. thrilled 非常兴奋的。根据后文“people are
playing the piano again”可知，看到自己的善举产生了积极影响，他感到非常兴奋。故选D。
20. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：钢琴调音师越来越稀少了，而我是少数能修复它的人之一。A. rare 稀少的
B. available 可用的；C. modest 谦虚的；D. generous 慷慨的。根据后文“and I’m one of the few who could fix
it”可知，这类专业人士越来越少。故选A。
02（2025·天津·高考真题）Life is a road full of minor inconveniences and major setbacks, which everyone
faces, 1 wealth or social rank. That is why optimism, the ability to see the 2 side of every
negative situation, is key to success.
What made optimism so meaningful to me was when I 3 the A team of the basketball club for the
upcoming season. I had always been the starting point guard, and my 4 on the A team was something I
took for granted. However, I only made the B team, 5 I worked my hardest. I didn’t understand why until I
saw the new A team, crowded with players that all 6 me.
I had to give the B team a chance. But to my 7 , the play level was much lower than what I was used
to. I lost the drive I’d had before and gradually became 8 .
One day I came across a social media post of another basketball team, whose point guard was much more
9 than her teammates. When her teammates made multiple mistakes 10 , which cost them several
points, I expected her to be upset, but 11 , she patted her teammates on the back and comforted them.
As I watched her more, I noticed that she led her team, always 12 and uplifting her teammates.
The realization hit me like lightning. What I thought was a 13 turned out to be a valuable
opportunity, presenting a rare chance to develop 14 . So, I started using my 15 to be a
leader for my team. When our coach needed a(n) 16 , I was the first to raise my hand. When my teammates
needed help with a skill, I 17 taught them over and over again. My effort paid off as I 18
remarkably not just as a player, but as a person — something I could have never achieved on the A team.
When facing challenges in life, some people 19 them with optimism, while others tend to
complain. Optimism is a palette, with which you can paint your own light in the darkness, shelter in a storm, and
most importantly, a better 20 of yourself!
1. A. regardless of
B. due to
C. but for
D. apart from
2. A. commercial
B. positive
C. crucial
D. practical
3. A. looked back on
B. gave in to
C. put up with
D. tried out for
4. A. position
B. focus
C. comment
D. impression
5. A. as if
B. in case
C. now that
D. even though
6. A. ran into
B. agreed with
C. towered over
D. saw through
7. A. relief
B. confusion
C. amazement
D. disappointment
8. A. unmotivated
B. disqualified
C. determined
D. engaged
9. A. amused
B. advanced
C. emotional
D. familiar
10. A. to a degree
B. as a rule
C. in a row
D. at a distance
11. A. instead
B. meanwhile
C. otherwise
D. furthermore
12. A. evaluating
B. interrupting
C. encouraging
D. interviewing
13. A. trick
B. misfortune
C. mistake
D. conflict
14. A. reputation
B. innovation
C. leadership
D. friendship
15. A. privacy
B. experience
C. schedule
D. occupation
16. A. example
B. announcement
C. competitor
D. donation
17. A. nervously
B. patiently
C. gratefully
D. hesitantly
18. A. protested
B. resigned
C. developed
D. emerged
19. A. create
B. approach
C. influence
D. perform
20. A. appearance
B. shape
C. identity
D. version
【答案】
1. A 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. D 6. C 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. C 11. A 12. C 13. B 14. C 15. B 16. A 17. B
18. C 19. B 20. D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者未入选篮球A 队后失落，受另一球队控卫乐观鼓励队友的启发，在B 队主
动担当领导，最终实现个人成长，强调乐观对克服困境的重要性。
1. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：生活是一条布满小麻烦和大挫折的漫长道路，每个人都会经历这样的过程，
无论其财富多少或社会地位如何。A. regardless of 不管，无论；B. due to 因为；C. but for 要不是；D. apart
from 除了……之外。根据后文“wealth or social rank”以及上文“which everyone faces”可知，每个人都会经
历生活中的挫折，无论其财富多少或社会地位如何。故选A。
2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么乐观精神——即在每一种不利情况下都能看到积极面的能力
——是取得成功的关键所在。A. commercial 商业的；B. positive 积极的；C. crucial 重要的；D. practical 实际
的。根据上文“That is why optimism”可知，乐观精神指的是看到积极面的能力。故选B。
3. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：让我觉得乐观精神如此重要的原因在于，当我参加即将开始的赛季中篮球队
的A 队选拔时。A. looked back on 回顾；B. gave in to 屈服于；C. put up with 忍受；D. tried out for 角逐，参
加……的选拔。根据后文“the A team of the basketball club for the upcoming season”可知，作者要参加篮球
队的选拔。故选D。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直担任首发控球后卫，所以我在A 队的位置对我来说是理所当然的。A.
position 位置；B. focus 集中；C. comment 评论；D. impression 印象。根据上文“I had always been the starting
point guard”可知，此处指作者在球队中的位置。故选A。
5. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：然而，我只入选了B 队——尽管我全力以赴了。A. as if 好像；B. in case 万一
C. now that 既然；D. even though 即使。根据上文“I only made the B team”以及后文“I worked my hardest”可知
为转折关系，even though 引导让步状语从句。故选D。
6. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：直到我看到新的A 队阵容时，我才明白其中的原因，那队里全是身材比我高
大的球员。A. ran into 遇到；B. agreed with 同意；C. towered over 高耸在上方，在身高或能力上超越；D. saw
through 看透。根据上文“I only made the B team”以及“I saw the new A team, crowded with players that all”可
知，作者只入选了B 队，说明A 队队员能力比作者出众。故选C。
7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但令我感到失望的是，这队的水平远低于我以往的预期。A. relief 安慰；B.
confusion 困惑；C. amazement 惊讶；D. disappointment 失望。根据后文“the play level was much lower than
what I was used to”可知，B 队水平低于预期，作者感到失望。故选D。
8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我失去了之前拥有的动力，渐渐地变得毫无干劲了。A. unmotivated 不感兴
趣的；B. disqualified 不合格的；C. determined 坚定的；D. engaged 参与的。根据上文“I lost the drive I’d had
before and gradually became”以及“the play level was much lower than what I was used to”可知，作者因为失望，
失去了动力，渐渐地变得毫无干劲了。故选A。
9. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我在社交媒体上看到了一则关于另一支篮球队的帖子，该队的控
球后卫比队友们的技术要高超得多。A. amused 被逗乐的；B. advanced 高超的，高级的；C. emotional 情感
的；D. familiar 熟悉的。根据后文“I noticed that she led her team”可知，可以带领队伍说明技术高超。故选
B。
10. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：当她的队友们接连犯下多处错误，导致他们失去了不少分数时，我原本以
为她会感到沮丧，但出乎意料的是，她却轻拍着队友们的肩膀，安慰着他们。A. to a degree 在某种程度上；
B. as a rule 通常；C. in a row 连续；D. at a distance 远离。根据后文“which cost them several points”可知，
失去不少分数说明连续出现错误，故选C。
11. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当她的队友们接连犯下多处错误，导致他们失去了不少分数时，我原本以
为她会感到沮丧，但出乎意料的是，她却轻拍着队友们的肩膀，安慰着他们。A. instead 反而；B.
meanwhile 同时；C. otherwise 否则；D. furthermore 此外。根据上文“I expected her to be upset”以及后文“she
patted her teammates on the back and comforted them.”可知，作者本以为她会感到沮丧，但出乎意料的是，她
却轻拍着队友们的肩膀，安慰着他们。instead 表示“反而”符合语境。故选A。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我更仔细地观察她时，我发现她总是带领着她的团队，总是充满鼓励地
激励着队友们。A. evaluating 评估；B. interrupting 打断；C. encouraging 鼓励；D. interviewing 采访。根据后
文“and uplifting her teammates”可知，她总是鼓励和激励队友们。故选C。
13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我原本以为是件倒霉事，结果却成了一个宝贵的机会，为我提供了难得的
提升领导能力的机遇。A. trick 诡计；B. misfortune 倒霉事，不幸；C. mistake 错误；D. conflict 冲突。根据
上文“However, I only made the B team”以及“the play level was much lower than what I was used to”可知，作
者一开始认为进入了B 队是件倒霉事，故选B。
14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我原本以为是件倒霉事，结果却成了一个宝贵的机会，为我提供了难得的
提升领导能力的机遇。A. reputation 名誉；B. innovation 创新；C. leadership 领导；D. friendship 友谊。根据
后文“to be a leader for my team”可知，这次机会让作者提升领导能力。故选C。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，我开始利用自己的经验来担任团队的领导者。A. privacy 隐私；B.
experience 经验；C. schedule 日程表；D. occupation 职业。根据上文“I had always been the starting point
guard”可知，作者开始利用自己的经验担任领导者。故选B。
16. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们的教练需要一个榜样时，我第一个举起了手。A. example 榜样，例子
B. announcement 公告；C. competitor 竞争者；D. donation 捐赠。根据后文“I was the first to raise my hand”
以及上文“to be a leader for my team”可知，作者开始积极投入队伍建设，所以教练需要榜样的时候，自己
第一个举手。故选A。
17. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我的队友们在某项技能上需要帮助时，我便耐心地一遍又一遍地指导他
们。A. nervously 紧张地；B. patiently 耐心地；C. gratefully 感谢地；D. hesitantly 犹豫地。根据后文“over
and over again”可知，作者耐心指导队友。故选B。
18. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的努力得到了回报，无论是作为球员还是个人，我都取得了显著的成长
—— 而这是我在A 队永远无法实现的。A. protested 抗议；B. resigned 辞职；C. developed 发展；D.
emerged 出现。根据上文“My effort paid off as I”可知，指作者的努力取得回报，作为球员取得了显著的进
步，得到了发展，故选C。
19. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在面对生活中的挑战时，有些人会以乐观的态度去应对，而另一些人则倾
向于抱怨。A. create 创造；B. approach 应对，靠近；C. influence 影响；D. perform 表现。根据上文“When
facing challenges in life”以及后文them 指的是challenges，即以乐观的态度去应对挑战，故选B。
20. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：乐观就像一盏调色盘，借助它，你可以在黑暗中描绘出属于自己的光芒，
在风暴中找到庇护，而最重要的是，能塑造出一个更好的自己！A. appearance 外表；B. shape 形状；C.
identity 身份；D. version 版本。根据上文“My effort paid off as”以及“something I could have never achieved
on the A team”可知，作者因为乐观，在B 队也取得了进步，即，乐观让作者成为了更好的自己，a better
version of yourself 此处表示“更出色的自己”。故选D。
03（2024·天津·高考真题）At 23, I applied for my first job and it was not successful. When I received the 1
email, I felt disappointed and angry. I had spent days 2 the interview and in the end, I didn’t even know what
went wrong.
Months later, after a job interview at another company, I got a call From the manager. “ 3 , we
decided to offer the job to someone else,” he said. “Would you like to hear the feedback (反馈)?”
The manager went on to tell me I hadn’t expressed my 4 for applying for the position. The feedback
was 5 to hear, but he was right. As I just wanted a job in my home city, I didn’t 6 much whether it
fit my interests. The job at the company was something I was capable of doing, but I didn’t feel 7 about it
— and that showed in the interview.
From then on, I decided to carefully evaluate each job opening and only 8 at I was interested in. In
my applications, I also began 9 clearly why I wanted that particular job. Soon my effort 10 , as I
got an offer I was truly excited about.
Years later, I found myself on the other side of the table, interviewing 11 for a position in my lab.
One of them got my attention. On paper, his application looked 12 , but the interview went badly. He
didn’t seem to have done any reading 13 about my research, which made me wonder 14 he
was truly interested in working with me.
When I called to tell him, I couldn’t offer him the 15 , he was disappointed. I then told him where
he could 16 in future interviews. As the 17 went on, I got the sense that he was grateful for
what I said.
Nowadays, when my own trainees apply for positions else where, I encourage them to 18 feedback.
It’s never pleasant to 19 constructive criticism, but if we are told where we are lagging (落后), we are
more likely to avoid making the same 20 in the future.
1. A. congratulation
B. invitation
C. rejection
D. complaint
2. A. taking up
B. preparing for
C. calling off
D. passing down
3. A. Consequently
B. Hopefully
C. Surprisingly
D. Unfortunately
4. A. requirement
B. motivation
C. imagination
D. suggestion
5. A. tough
B. pleasant
C. frightening
D. reasonable
6. A. care
B. regret
C. doubt
D. know
7. A. nervous
B. enthusiastic
C. relaxed
D. embarrassed
8. A. introduce
B. abandon
C. pursue
D. display
9. A. examining
B. stating
C. judging
D. instructing
10. A. came about
B. faded away
C. settled down
D. paid off
11. A. officials
B. candidates
C. visitors
D. employers
12. A. great
B. easy
C. confusing
D. complicated
13. A. in advance
B. on average
C. by contrast
D. for free
14. A. that
B. when
C. where
D. whether
15. A. salary
B. degree
C. award
D. position
16. A. continue
B. serve
C. improve
D. participate
17. A. conversation
B. adventure
C. negotiation
D. journey
18. A. set aside
B. ask for
C. put off
D. contribute to
19. A. give away
B. insist on
C. listen to
D. fight for
20. A. proposals
B. decisions
C. comments
D. mistakes
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. D 11. B 12. A 13. A 14. D 15. D 16. C 17. A 18. B
19. C 20. D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者两次面试失败后，通过获得反馈并调整求职策略，最终成功找
到工作的经历。第一次失败后，他因缺乏反馈而感到失望和愤怒；第二次失败时，他得到了关于表达动机
不清晰的反馈，这促使他开始仔细选择职位。最终，他只申请感兴趣的工作，并成功找到工作。后来作为
面试官，作者会为求职者提供反馈，帮助他们改进。
1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我收到拒绝邮件时，我感到失望和愤怒。A. congratulation 祝贺；B.
invitation 邀请；C. rejection 拒绝；D. complaint 投诉。根据后文“I felt disappointed and angry.”可知，作者会
感到失望和愤怒说明被拒绝了。故选C。
2. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我花了好几天准备面试，到最后，我甚至不知道哪里出了问题。A. taking up
从事；B. preparing for 准备；C. calling off 取消；D. passing down 传递。根据上文“I had spent days”以及宾
语“the interview”指花时间准备面试。故选B。
3. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“不幸的是，我们决定把这份工作给别人，”他说。A. Consequently 结果；
B. Hopefully 有希望地；C. Surprisingly 惊人地；D. Unfortunately 不幸地。根据后文“we decided to offer the
job to someone else”可知，工作给了别人，对作者来说是不幸地。故选D。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：经理接着告诉我，我没有表达我申请这个职位的动机。A. requirement 要求；
B. motivation 动机；C. imagination 想象；D. suggestion 建议。根据后文“I just wanted a job in my home city”可
知，作者的动机只是想要一份工作，这是经理没有听到作者申请时所表达出的。故选B。
5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些反馈让人难以接受，但他是对的。A. tough 艰难的；B. pleasant 令人愉
快的；C. frightening 可怕的；D. reasonable 合理的。根据后文“to hear, but he was right”中but 表示转折，说
明经理的话让作者难受，但却是事实。故选A。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为我只想在家乡找一份工作，所以我并不太在意这份工作是否符合我的兴
趣。A. care 关心，在意；B. regret 后悔；C. doubt 怀疑；D. know 知道。根据上文“As I just wanted a job in
my home city”以及后文“much whether it fit my interests”可知，作者只是想要一份工作，并不太在意这份工
作是否符合自己的兴趣。故选A。
7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这家公司的工作是我有能力做的，但我对它没有热情——这在面试中表现
出来了。A. nervous 紧张的；B. enthusiastic 热情的；C. relaxed 放松的；D. embarrassed 尴尬的。根据上文作
者面试被拒，说明作者对这份工作并没有热情，因此被经理拒绝了。故选B。
8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从一开始，我就决定仔细评估每一个工作机会，只追求我感兴趣的。A.
introduce 介绍；B. abandon 抛弃；C. pursue 追求；D. display 展示。根据上文“I decided to carefully evaluate
each job opening and only”可知，作者评估工作机会，是为了追求自己感兴趣的工作。故选C。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我的申请中，我也开始清楚地说明我为什么想要这份工作。A. examining
检查；B. stating 陈述；C. judging 判断；D. instructing 指导。根据后文“clearly why I wanted that particular
job”指作者在申请中陈述自己申请的理由。故选B。
10. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：很快，我的努力得到了回报，我得到了一份令我真正兴奋的工作。A. came
about 发生；B. faded away 消失；C. settled down 定居；D. paid off 取得回报。根据后文“as I got an offer I was
truly excited about”可知，作者得到了想要的工作，努力得到了回报。故选D。
11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年以后，我发现自己站在桌子的另一边，为我实验室的一个职位面试候
选人。A. officials 官员；B. candidates 候选人；C. visitors 游客；D. employers 雇主。根据上文“I found myself
on the other side of the table”可知，作者站在了桌子的另一边，即成为了面试候选人的面试官。故选B。
12. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在纸上，他的申请书看起来不错，但面试进行得很糟糕。A. great 不错的；
B. easy 容易的；C. confusing 令人困惑的；D. complicated 复杂的。根据后文“but the interview went badly”可
知，but 表示转折，申请书看起来不错，但面试进行得很糟糕。故选A。
13. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：他似乎没有提前阅读我的研究，这让我怀疑他是否真的有兴趣和我一起工
作。A. in advance 提前；B. on average 平均的；C. by contrast 相比之下；D. for free 免费地。根据后文“about
my research, which made me wonder whether he was truly interested in working with me.”可知，作者怀疑他是
否有兴趣和自己一起工作，所以推测他没有提前阅读作者的研究。故选A。
14. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：他似乎没有提前阅读我的研究，这让我怀疑他是否真的有兴趣和我一起工
作。A. that 那；B. when 当……时候；C. where 在哪里；D. whether 是否。此处引导宾语从句，表示“是否”
应用whether。故选D。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我打电话告诉他我不能给他这个职位时，他很失望。A. salary 薪水；B.
degree 度数；C. award 奖品；D. position 职位，位置。根据上文“for a position in my lab”可知，此处指给对
方这个职位。故选D。
16. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我告诉他在以后的面试中他可以改进的地方。A. continue 继续；B.
serve 服务；C. improve 改善；D. participate 参加。根据后文“constructive criticism”可推测得知，作者告诉了
对方面试中可以改进的地方。故选C。
17. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着谈话的进行，我感觉到他对我所说的话很感激。A. conversation 谈话；
B. adventure 冒险；C. negotiation 谈判；D. journey 旅程。根据上文“I then told him”指作者和对方进行了谈
话。故选A。
18. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：如今，当我自己的学员申请其他公司的职位时，我鼓励他们寻求反馈。A.
set aside 留出；B. ask for 寻求；C. put off 推迟；D. contribute to 有助于。根据后文“feedback”可知，指面试
者向面试官寻求反馈。故选B。
19. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：听建设性的批评从来都不是一件愉快的事，但如果我们被告知我们落后的
地方，我们更有可能避免在未来犯同样的错误。A. give away 赠送；B. insist on 坚持；C. listen to 听；D. fight
for 为……而战。根据后文“constructive criticism”以及后文“we are told where we are lagging”指听建设性的
批评，故选C。
20. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：听建设性的批评从来都不是一件愉快的事，但如果我们被告知我们落后的
地方，我们更有可能避免在未来犯同样的错误。A. proposals 提议；B. decisions 决定；C. comments 评论；D.
mistakes 错误。根据上文“we are more likely to avoid making the same”可知，听从建议是为了避免犯同样的
错误。故选D。
04（2024·天津·高考真题）I had struggled with math since fourth grade, but worked very hard to 1
the smart students around me. In eleventh grade, much to my classmates 2 , I signed up for precalculus BC,
the hardest math class. That was when I met Mr. Dena and told him I had 3 in math, yet I would try my
hardest. He was convinced I could succeed 4 the doubts from my classmates.
Mr. Dena kept an unforgettable 5 by Sir Isaac Newton on his chalk board: “If I have been able to see
further, it is only because I stand on the shoulders of giants.” He reflected on that throughout the year and was 6 to
teach us more than math.
Mr. Dena occasionally gave partner tests, believing that we could solve hard problems together. He drew names
out of a hat to 7 partners. Students were 8 out loud that they wouldn't be paired with me. As the
“lucky” name was 9 , the class burst into laughter. My partner joked about being 10 with me.
However, we worked well together and surprised everyone with our 11 on this test. I learned so much
from my classmates and I realized this was really 12 we had partner tests.
The final exam was Mr. Dena's final 13 to us, but I failed it. I told him I didn't understand how I
could do so 14 on a test when I had studied so hard. He explained it's not about the grades; it's about true
understanding. If studying didn't 15 on a test, it would someday. I knew then that 16 passing
or failing tests, studying was about hard work and effort. And I 17 myself harder than I ever had.
To be challenged in math really changed the way I 18 other challenges in life. I wasn't going to let
a grade stop me from learning some of the best lessons of my life. Mr. Dena is one of the giants that Newton 19 .
He has helped me see not only more 20 ideas than I thought possible, but who I can be.
1. A. keep up with
B. give in to
C. stay away from
D. watch out for
2. A. sorrow
B. delight
C. surprise
D. relief
3. A. talent
B. methods
C. innovation
D. weaknesses
4. A. in spite of
B. in case of
C. in view of
D. in consequence of
5. A. diary
B. quote
C. essay
D. letter
6. A. embarrassed
B. determined
C. astonished
D. puzzled
7. A. assign
B. honor
C. persuade
D. monitor
8. A. reading
B. singing
C. praying
D. applauding
9. A. registered
B. changed
C. abandoned
D. picked
10. A. concerned
B. stuck
C. impressed
D. content
11. A. negotiation
B. mistake
C. performance
D. standard
12. A. when
B. why
C. where
D. how
13. A. decision
B. challenge
C. instruction
D. victory
14. A. accurately
B. carefully
C. effortlessly
D. poorly
15. A. give out
B. break down
C. turn up
D. pay off
16. A. beyond
B. within
C. upon
D. across
17. A. praised
B. defended
C. pushed
D. criticized
18. A. viewed
B. created
C. ignored
D. presented
19. A. admires
B. establishes
C. measures
D. describes
20. A. social
B. mathematical
C. psychological
D. moral
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. B 11. C 12. B 13. B 14. D 15. D 16. A 17. C 18.
A 19. D 20. B
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从四年级开始学数学就很吃力，同学们都不愿意和作者
进行小组活动，但作者却很努力，微积分课程的老师Mr. Dena 让作者理解到了学习不是关乎于考试，而是
努力和付出，付出终会有回报的。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从四年级开始，我的数学就很困难，但是我努力赶上我周围那些最聪明的学
生。A. keep up with 赶上；B. give in to 向……屈服；C. stay away from 远离；D. watch out for 注意，留意。
根据空前的“but worked very hard to”转折but 可知，尽管我的数学学起来很费力，但我还是尽力追上、赶上
周围的同学，故选A。
2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我的同学惊讶的是，我报名了微积分BC 这一课程，最难的数学课。A.
sorrow 伤心；B. delight 高兴；C. surprise 惊讶；D. relief 轻松。根据前文“I had struggled with math since
fourth grade”可知，我本身学数学就有一定的困难，但我却报名了最难的数学课，这让我的同学很惊讶，故
选C。
3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是当我遇到Mr. Dena 的时候，我告诉他，我在数学上有一定的弱点，但
我会尽最大的努力。A. talent 天赋；B. methods 方法；C. innovation 创新；D. weaknesses 弱点，劣势。根据
前文“I had struggled with math since fourth grade”可知，我本身学数学就有一定的困难，因此我告诉Mr.
Dena，我学数学有一定的劣势，故选D。
4. 考查短语词义辨析。句意：他让我相信，即使同学怀疑我，但我还是能成功。A. in spite of 尽管；B. in
case of 以防……； C. in view of 鉴于；D. in consequence of 因为，由于……的结果。根据空后“the doubts
from my classmates.”可知，即使我学数学有困难，即使同学对我有怀疑，但他让我相信，我还是能成功，故
选A。
5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Mr. Dena 在黑板上留下了Sir Isaac Newton 的一句难忘的话：“如果我能看得
更远，那是因为我站在巨人肩膀上。”A. diary 日记；B. quote 引文，引语；C. essay 论文；D. letter 信。根
据后文“Sir Isaac Newton on his chalk board: “If I have been able to see further, it is only because I stand on the
shoulders of giants.””可知，后文提到Mr. Dena 引用了的Sir Isaac Newton 一句话，写在黑板上，故选B。
6. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他一整年都在思考这一点，并决定要教我们除了数学以外更多的东西。A.
embarrassed 尴尬的；B. determined 有决心的；C. astonished 惊讶的；D. puzzled 困惑的。根据空前“He
reflected on that throughout the year”可知，他全年都在思考“如果我能看得更远，那只是因为我站在巨人肩
膀上”这一点，因此下定决心要教我们除了数学以外更多的东西，故选B。
7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他从帽子里抽出名字来分配搭档。A. assign 分配；B. honor 尊敬；C.
persuade 说服；D. monitor 监视。根据前文“Mr. Dena occasionally gave partner tests”可知，他会给我们进行
小组测试，因此从帽子里抽出名字来分配搭档，故选A。
8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同学都大声祈祷不要跟我分在一组。A. reading 阅读；B. singing 唱歌；C.
praying 祈祷；D. applauding 鼓掌。根据前文“I had struggled with math since fourth grade”可知，我学数学有
一定的困难，因此在分组的时候，同学都大声祈祷不要跟我分在一组，故选C。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当“幸运的”名字被挑选出来时，同学们都大笑起来。A. registered 注册；B.
changed 改变；C. abandoned 抛弃；D. picked 挑选。根据前文“He drew names out of a hat”可知，Mr. Dena 从
帽子里抽出名字来分配搭档，因此当“幸运儿”的名字被选出来的时候，故选D。
10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的搭档开玩笑说被我缠住了。A. concerned 关心的；B. stuck 被困的，被
缠住的；C. impressed 印象深刻的；D. content 满意的。根据前文“Students were 8 out loud that they
wouldn't be paired with me.”可知，同学们都不想和我一组，因此我的搭档开玩笑说被我缠住了，我会拖累他
故选B。
11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们合作得很好，并用我们在这次考试的成绩震惊了每个人。A.
negotiation 谈判；B. mistake 错误；C. performance 表现，成绩；D. standard 标准。根据空后“on this test”可
知，我们合作得很好，用考试的成绩震惊了每个人，故选C。
12. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：我从同学那里学到了很多，并且我意识到，这也就是为什么我们有小组测
试。A. when 当……时候；B. why 为什么；C. where 哪里；D. how 怎样。根据空后“we had partner tests”可
知，我们进行小组测试的原因是因为我们能从搭档那里学到很多东西，故选B。
13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：期末考试就是Mr. Dena 对我们最后的考验，但我没能通过考试。A.
decision 决定；B. challenge 挑战，考验；C. instruction 指导；D. victory 胜利。根据前文“The final exam”可
知，期末考试是Mr. Dena 对我们最后的考验，故选B。
14. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他，我学习如此努力了，怎么还能在考得这么差。A. accurately 准确
地；B. carefully 小心地；C. effortlessly 不费力地；D. poorly 差地。根据空后“when I had studied so hard”可
知，我感到很疑惑，为什么我这么努力，考试成绩却这么差，故选D。
15. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：如果学习没有在考试上得到回报，那终有一天会有回报的。A. give out
泄露，分发；B. break down 垮掉；C. turn up 出现；D. pay off 取得回报。根据后文“He explained it's not about
the grades; it's about true understanding.”可知，Mr. Dena 解释道，学习是理解，而不是分数，因此如果努力没
有在测试上取得回报，那终有一天会有回报的，故选D。
16. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我知道了，学习是超出通过或者没通过考试的范围，是关乎于
努力和汗水的。A. beyond 超出……范围；B. within 在……范围以内；C. upon 在……上；D. across 跨越。根
据后文“studying was about hard work and effort.”可知，学习是关乎于努力和付出的，超出了通过考试或者
没通过考试的范围，故选A。
17. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我督促自己比之前更加努力了。A. praised 表扬；B. defended 辩护；C.
pushed 督促，催促；D. criticized 批评。根据前文“I knew then that 16 passing or failing tests, studying
was about hard work and effort.”可知，我理解到学习不是关于考试是否通过，而且关乎于努力和付出的，因
此我督促自己比之前更加努力了，故选C。
18. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：挑战数学真的改变了我看到生活中的挑战的方式。A. viewed 看待；B.
created 创造；C. ignored 忽视；D. presented 呈现。根据空前“To be challenged in math really changed the
way”可知，挑战数学改变了我看到生活中的挑战的方式，故选A。
19. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mr. Dena 就是Newton 描述的巨人之一。A. admires 钦佩；B. establishes 建立
C. measures 测量；D. describes 描述。根据前文“Sir Isaac Newton on his chalk board: “If I have been able to see
further, it is only because I stand on the shoulders of giants.””可知，Newton 说过，“如果我能看得更远，那只
是因为我站在巨人肩膀上”，而作者就将Mr. Dena 视为Newton 描述的巨人之一，让作者看得更远，故选
D。
20. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他不仅让我看到了比我想象的更多的数学改变，还让我看到了我能成为
什么。A. social 社会的；B. mathematical 有关数学的；C. psychological 心理的；D. moral 道德上的。根据前
文“I signed up for precalculus BC, the hardest math class. That was when I met Mr. Dena”可知，Mr. Dena 是我
的数学老师，因此让我看到了比我想象的更多的数学概念，故选B。
05（2023·天津·高考真题）There are moments when strangers’ lives collide(碰撞)by accident, and even
though they may never see each other again, they’ re changed forever. These can be moments when true character is 1
, often through acts of kindness and generosity of unlikely heroes.
Not long ago, I was a(n) 2 to that kind of moment. On a summer midnight, my parents and I had just
3 a long flight and started to walk through the empty airport when I saw a passenger suddenly fall to the ground. We 4
ran toward him. My parents, who are doctors, dropped everything and began trying to 5 what had happened.
As they asked him questions and searched for a(n) 6 information card, other passengers from the flight joined
us. My parents 7 that the man was hypoglycaemic(低血糖的) and in major need of sugar. 8 , the only
thing we could find was a protein bar. We were 9 it would not be enough to save him.
Just then, a young boy, Mecca, arrived at the 10 with the flight attendants(空乘人员). He quietly
announced, “I have a Snickers(士力架巧克力)!” Nobody responded to him as they were in the 11 of
trying to save a stranger's life. Mecca dug deep into his backpack, and 12 a Snickers. He then handed it to
my father, who was trying to manage with the protein bar.
Within seconds of the Snickers replacing the protein bar, the man regained 13 . Mecca, a fourth
grader, 14 this stranger's life!
No one could have guessed that earlier that night, Mecca had just been through a 15 time. His father's
flight was unexpectedly canceled, 16 him to fly alone. He had never flown by himself before and was very
nervous. His grandmother filled his backpack with candy to make him a little less 17 .
When we told Mecca's parents of his 18 actions, they smiled from ear to ear. They were surprised that
he had saved some candy and was able to think about the candy during the 19 .
As time goes on, I remain 20 by the experience of witnessing a nine-year-old save a stranger's life.
Even today Mecca's kindness continues to make me smile.
1. A. created
B. revealed
C. introduced
D. preserved
2. A. witness
B. visitor
C. match
D. exception
3. A. caught
B. confirmed
C. gotten off
D. put off
4. A. safely
B. accidentally
C. casually
D. immediately
5. A. get across
B. figure out
C. take down
D. bring up
6. A. medical
B. financial
C. educational
D. military
7. A. recalled
B. determined
C. admitted
D. guaranteed
8. A. Instead
B. Therefore
C. Otherwise
D. However
9. A. worried
B. confused
C. embarrassed
D. annoyed
10. A. station
B. destination
C. scene
D. department
11. A. chaos
B. possession
C. habit
D. direction
12. A. gave away
B. set aside
C. pulled out
D. kept off
13. A. memory
B. appetite
C. independence
D. consciousness
14. A. risked
B. saved
C. sacrificed
D. respected
15. A. proper
B. tough
C. enjoyable
D. mysterious
16. A. forcing
B. urging
C. reminding
D. permitting
17. A. guilty
B. anxious
C. sensitive
D. doubtful
18. A. modest
B. ambitious
C. heroic
D. confident
19. A. flight
B. operation
C. performance
D. emergency
20. A. relieved
B. puzzled
C. frustrated
D. inspired
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. D 9. A 10. C 11. A 12. C 13. D 14. B 15. B 16. A 17. B 18. C
19. D 20. D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个乘客在机场低血糖突然倒地，陌生人们一起帮忙，其中一个
年仅九岁的男孩麦加用自己的巧克力救了这个人的命。这种不期而遇的碰撞可以改变人们的生命，也可以
展现出人性中最善良的一面。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些时刻可能揭示了真正的品格，通常是通过非凡英雄的善良和慷慨的行为
展现出来的。A. created 创造；B. revealed 揭示；C. introduced 引入；D. preserved 保护。根据前文“There are
moments when strangers’ lives collide(碰撞)by accident, and even though they may never see each other again, they’
re changed forever.”以及后文“often through acts of kindness and generosity of unlikely heroes.”可知，有时候，
陌生人的生活会因为偶然的碰撞而交错在一起，即使他们可能永远不会再见面，他们也会永远改变。这些
时刻通常是通过非凡英雄的善良和慷慨的行为展现出来的，可能揭示了真正的品格。故选B。
2. 考查名次词义辨析。句意：不久以前，我也曾目睹过这样的时刻。A. witness 目击者，亲历者；B. visitor
访问者；C. match 比赛；D. exception 例外。根据后文“that kind of moment.”以及后文的内容，可知此处表
示作者也是这个时刻的亲历者。故选A。
3. 考查动词和动词短语辨析。句意：一个夏天的午夜，我和父母刚下了长途飞机，正要穿过空荡荡的机场，
突然看到一位乘客摔倒在地。A. caught 抓住；B. confirmed 确认；C. gotten off 下车；D. put off 推迟。根据
后文“started to walk through the empty airport”可知，作者和父母刚下飞机，走出空荡荡的机场。故选C。
4. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们立即向他跑去。A. safely 安全地；B. accidentally 意外地；C. casually 随
意地；D. immediately 立即地。根据“I saw a passenger suddenly fall to the ground.”可知，突然看到有人倒下，
故作者和家人立刻跑过去。故选D。
5. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我的父母都是医生，他们放下了手上的东西，开始试图弄清楚到底发生
了什么。A. get across 理解；B. figure out 弄清楚；C. take down 拆除；D. bring up 提出。根据前文“dropped
everything and began trying to”可知，因为作者的父母放下手里的东西去弄清楚到底发生了什么。故选B。
6. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他们问他问题并寻找医疗信息卡时，航班上的其他乘客也加入了我们。
A. medical 医疗的；B. financial 金融的；C. educational 教育的；D. military 军事的。根据“information card”
以及后文的“the man was hypoglycaemic”可知，在男人倒下后，作者的父母询问相关的医疗信息卡，原来
男人是低血糖而倒下。故选A。
7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的父母认为这个人患有低血糖症，非常需要糖。A. recalled 回忆起；B.
determined 决定，确定；C. admitted 承认；D. guaranteed 保证。根据“that the man was hypoglycaemic(低血
糖的)”可知，父母确定因为低血糖男人才倒下。故选B。
8. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们唯一能找到的是一个蛋白质棒。A. Instead 相反；B. Therefore 因
此；C. Otherwise 否则；D. However 然而。根据“the only thing we could find was a protein bar.”可知，男人
倒下是因为低血糖，需要糖回升血糖，而当前只能找到一个蛋白质棒，前后构成转折关系。故选D。
9. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们担心这不足以救他。A. worried 担心的；B. confused 困惑的；C.
embarrassed 尴尬的；D. annoyed 恼怒的。根据“it would not be enough to save him”可知，因为当前只能找
到一个蛋白质棒，因此作者和家人担心这不足以救助倒下的男人。故选A。
10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，一个名叫麦加的小男孩和空乘人员来到了现场。A. station 站；
B. destination 目的地；C. scene 场景；D. department 部门。根据“Mecca, arrived at the”可知，一个名叫麦加
的小男孩和空乘人员来到了现场。故选C。
11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有人回应他，因为他们正处于混乱之中拯救一个陌生人的生命。A. chaos
混乱；B. possession 拥有；C. habit 习惯；D. direction 方向。根据“trying to save a stranger's life”可知，因为
在场的人都处于混乱之中拯救陌生人的生命，因此没人回复他。故选A。
12. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：麦加从背包里掏出一块士力架。A. gave away 赠送；B. set aside 搁置；C.
pulled out 拉出；D. kept off 避开。根据“Mecca dug deep into his backpack,”可知，麦加在背包里翻了半天，
掏出一块士力架。故选C。
13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：士力架代替了蛋白质棒，几秒钟后，这名男子就恢复了意识。A. memory 记
忆力；B. appetite 食欲；C. independence 独立；D. consciousness 意识。根据“Within seconds of the Snickers
replacing the protein bar,”可知，当士力架代替了蛋白质棒，男子血糖恢复，几秒钟后，这名男子就恢复了意
识。故选D。
14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：四年级学生麦加救了这个陌生人的命！A. risked 冒险；B. saved 拯救；C.
sacrificed 牺牲；D. respected 尊敬。根据“this stranger's life”可知，四年级学生麦加救了这个陌生人的命。
故选B。
15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有人能想到，那天晚上早些时候，麦加刚刚经历了一段艰难的时期。
A. proper 适当的；B. tough 艰难的；C. enjoyable 令人愉快的；D. mysterious 神秘的。根据后文“His father's
flight was unexpectedly canceled, ___16___ him to fly alone.”可知，他父亲的航班意外取消，迫使他独自飞行，
由此可知麦加刚刚经历了一段艰难的时期。故选B。
16. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他父亲的航班意外取消，迫使他独自飞行。A. forcing 强迫，迫使；B.
urging 催促；C. reminding 提醒；D. permitting 允许。根据“His father's flight was unexpectedly canceled,”可知
由于麦加父亲的航班意外取消，由此迫使麦加独自乘坐航班。故选A。
17. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的祖母在他的背包里装满了糖果，让他不那么焦虑。A. guilty 愧疚的；
B. anxious 焦虑的；C. sensitive 敏感的；D. doubtful 怀疑的。根据“He had never flown by himself before and
was very nervous.”可知，麦加从未独自做过航班，因此祖母在其包中装满糖果不让他焦虑。故选B。
18. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们把麦加的英勇事迹告诉他的父母时，他们笑得合不拢嘴。A.
modest 谦虚的；B. ambitious 有抱负的；C. heroic 英勇的；D. confident 自信的。根据前文“Mecca dug deep
into his backpack, and ___12___ a Snickers. He then handed it to my father, who was trying to manage with the
protein bar.”可知，作者将麦加救助低血糖男人的英雄过程告诉了麦加的父母。故选C。
19. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们都很惊讶，麦加还存了一些糖果，在紧急情况下还能想到糖果。A.
flight 航班；B. operation 手术；C. performance 表演；D. emergency 紧急情况。根据前文麦加递送士力架给作
者的父亲以及“was able to think about the candy”可知，麦加的父母很惊讶，在低血糖男子倒下的紧急情况
下麦加还能想到糖果。故选D。
20. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的流逝，目睹一个九岁的孩子救了一个陌生人的生命的经历仍
然激励着我。A. relieved 放心的；B. puzzled 困惑的；C. frustrated 沮丧的；D. inspired 激励的。根据“Even
today Mecca's kindness continues to make me smile.”可知，在经历此事后，直到今天，麦加的善良仍然让作者
微笑，由此一个九岁的孩子麦加拯救陌生人的经历激励着作者。故选D。
06（2023·天津·高考真题）In my early thirties, I decided to climb Mount Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain
in Africa at 5, 895 meters above sea level.
After months of preparation, I started my great 1 .At the base of the mountain, I met Mik, a local porter,
who warmly 2 me. Mik’s job was to carry my equipment up the mountain, set up the tent (帐篷), and carry
everything back down after reaching the 3 . Mik stood about 1.6 meters tall. I was 4 with a pack
nearly as tall as his whole body. Just imagine this little man with the huge equipment 5 on his head.
The first day of the climb was 6 the rain forest, across a slippery (滑的), muddy ground covered with
tree roots and vines (藤蔓). Mik was carrying 30 kilos on his head! By that evening, we made it to 3, 000 meters. The
air was 7 and it was colder. When I arrived at the campsite for the night, my tent was already set up and 8
me.
Day two was much steeper (陡峭的) and rockier. I really had to 9 what I was doing. And I felt guilty for the
tough. 10 Mik had to work in Yet when I turned to Mik, he said with the biggest smile, “Polle, polle,
”which means“ 11 , take it easy” in his native language. I 12 back, my burden lighter
somehow.
Over the next five days, the climb got 13 difficult. The temperatures could 14 from 21°C to
below freezing in a few hours. At 5, 700 meters, there’s only half the oxygen 15 in each breath
compared to at sea level. That leaves many people with severe headache. Yet Mik remained 16 . He
always had a smile and a positive 17 .It had an enormous impact on me, giving me the 18 to
keep going.
Even today, when I find myself 19 with anything in life, I just think back to Mik and his smile.
A great attitude can bring joy to those around you, or even 20 stranger to the top of a mountain.
1. A. performance
B. business
C. presentation
D. adventure
2. A. questioned
B. congratulated
C. greeted
D. invited
3. A. base
B. peak
C. forest
D. border
4. A. covered
B. equipped
C. occupied
D. treated
5. A. balanced
B. exposed
C. displayed
D. folded
6. A. outside
B. beside
C. through
D. over
7. A. thinner
B. softer
C. drier
D. sweeter
8. A. looking after
B. pointing to
C. resting on
D. waiting for
9. A. focus on
B. comment on
C. inquire into
D. break into
10. A. locations
B. conditions
C. atmosphere
D. competition
11. A. stop
B. hurry
C. relax
D. move
12. A. ran
B. talked
C. smiled
D. rode
13. A. slightly
B. increasingly
C. automatically
D. equally
14. A. swing
B. circle
C. climb
D. last
15. A. predictable
B. available
C. noticeable
D. affordable
16. A. ambitious
B. modest
C. thankful
D. cheerful
17. A. direction
B. advantage
C. attitude
D. relationship
18. A. impression
B. platform
C. opportunity
D. strength
19. A. cooperating
B. struggling
C. associating
D. communicating
20. A. persuade
B. introduce
C. motivate
D. recommend
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. A 8. D 9. A 10. B 11. C 12. C 13. B 14. A 15. B 16.
D 17. C 18. D 19. B 20. C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者攀登非洲最高峰乞力马扎罗山的经历，并强调了保持积
极态度的重要性。
1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过几个月的准备，我开始了我伟大的冒险。A. performance 表现、表演；B.
business 生意；C. presentation 介绍；D. adventure 冒险。根据上文“In my early thirties, I decided to climb
Mount Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa at 5, 895 meters above sea level.”可知，作者决定攀登非洲最
高峰，这自然是冒险。故选D。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在山脚下，我遇到了当地的搬运工Mik，他热情地和我打招呼。A.
questioned 质疑；B. congratulated 祝贺；C. greeted 欢迎；D. invited 邀请。根据“a local porter”可知，Mik 是
搬运工，那么自然在山脚迎接作者。故选C。
3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Mik 的工作是把我的设备搬上山，支好帐篷，到达山顶后再把所有东西搬下
来。A. base 底部、基地；B. peak 顶峰；C. forest 森林；D. border 边界。根据上文“Mik’s job was to carry my
equipment up the mountain, set up the tent (帐篷), and carry everything back down”可知，Mik 需要帮助作者把
东西搬上去，然后到达山顶再卸下来。故选B。
4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我佩带的背包几乎和他的整个身体一样高。A. covered 覆盖；B. equipped 配
备；C. occupied 占据；D. treated 对待。根据“with a pack nearly as tall as his whole body”可知，作者登山所
装备的物品。短语：be equipped with，意为“装备有……”，符合句意。故选B。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你可以想象这个小个子男人头顶着巨大的装备，却依然保持着平衡的样子。
A. balanced 平衡；B. exposed 暴露；C. displayed 展示；D. folded 折叠。根据前文“Just imagine this little man
with the huge equipment”和句意可知，Mik 是个搬运工，所以他不仅要头顶着装备，还得保持平衡。故选
A。
6. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：攀爬的第一天要穿过热带雨林，穿过一片长满树根和藤蔓的湿滑泥泞的地面。
A. outside 在……外；B. beside 在……旁；C. through 通过；D. over 超越。根据空后的“the rain forest, across
a slippery (滑的), muddy ground covered with tree roots and vines (藤蔓).”可知，空处指的是“穿过”热带雨林，
从内部穿过，用介词through。故选C。
7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：空气更稀薄，也更冷。A. thinner 更稀薄；B. softer 更软；C. drier 更干燥；
D. sweeter 更甜蜜。根据前文“ Mik was carrying 30 kilos on his head! By that evening, we made it to 3, 000
meters.”和常理可知，越往山上走，空气越稀薄。故选A。
8. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我到达露营地过夜时，我的帐篷已经搭好了，正等着我。A. looking after
照顾；B. pointing to 指向；C. resting on 依靠；D. waiting for 等待。根据上文的“my tent was already set up”可
知，作者的帐篷已经搭好了，所以应该是在等着作者。故选D。
9. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我必须专注于我正在做的事情。A. focus on 专注于；B. comment on 评论；C.
inquire into 调查；D. break into 闯入、突然发出。根据空前的“Day two was much steeper (陡峭的) and
rockier.”可知，路很难走，所以作者得专注。故选A。
10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对Mik 不得不在这样艰苦的条件下工作感到内疚。A. locations 方位；B.
conditions 条件；C. atmosphere 氛围；D. competition 竞赛。根据上文“Day two was much steeper(陡峭的)and
rockier”可知，作者是对于Mik 不得不在这样艰苦的条件下工作而感到内疚。故选B。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我转向Mik 时，他面带笑容地说：“Polle，Polle”，在他的母语中，
意思是“放松，放轻松”。A. stop 停下；B. hurry 急忙；C. relax 放松；D. move 移动。根据空后的“take it
easy”可推测，空处指的是放松。故选C。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我也报以微笑，我的负担不知怎么减轻了。A. ran 跑；B. talked 谈论；C.
smiled 笑；D. rode 骑行。根据上文“Yet when I turned to Mik, he said with the biggest smile,”可知，Mik 是在
对着作者笑，因此空处指的是作者也对着Mik 笑。故选C。
13. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的五天里，攀登变得越来越困难。A. slightly 稍微；B. increasingly
逐渐地、越来越… … ；C. automatically 自动地；D. equally 同样地。根据“ The temperatures could
___14___from 21°C to below freezing in a few hours. ”和常识可知，越往上攀爬越困难。故选B。
14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：几小时内，气温就会从21 摄氏度降到冰点以下。A. swing 摇摆；B. circle 转
圈；C. climb 爬；D. last 持续。根据空后的“from 21°C to below freezing in a few hours.”可知，空处指的是
气温的变化。故选A。
15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在海拔5700 米的地方，每次呼吸所含的氧气只有海平面的一半。A.
predictable 可预测的；B. available 可利用的、可得到的；C. noticeable 显而易见的；D. affordable 承担得起的
根据空前“At 5, 700 meters, there’s only half the oxygen”可知，空处指的是在海拔5700 米的地方的氧气含量
只有海平面的一半。故选B。
16. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，Mik 仍然很高兴。A. ambitious 有雄心的；B. modest 谦虚的；C.
thankful 感激的；D. cheerful 高兴的。根据下文“He always had a smile and a positive ___17___ .”可知，Mik
一直都表现得很高兴。故选D。
17. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他总是面带微笑，态度积极。A. direction 方向；B. advantage 优点；C.
attitude 态度；D. relationship 关系。根据空前“He always had a smile”以及下文“A great attitude can bring joy
to those around you, or even___20___stranger to the top of a mountain.”可知，Mik 拥有积极的生活态度。故选C。
18. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它对我产生了巨大的影响，给了我继续前进的力量。A. impression 印象；B.
platform 月台、平台；C. opportunity 机会；D. strength 力气。根据下文“A great attitude can bring joy to those
around you, or even ___20___ stranger to the top of a mountain.”可知，Mik 积极的态度对作者有很大的影响，
激励作者前行，也就是给了作者前行的力量。故选D。
19. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使在今天，当我发现自己在生活中挣扎时，我也会想起Mik 和他的微笑。
A. cooperating 合作；B. struggling 挣扎；C. associating 联系；D. communicating 交流。根据下文“with
anything in life, I just think back to Mik and his smile”和上文内容可知，作者爬山是冒险，也就是在挣扎；由
此可知，作者指的是即便在现在，只要作者很辛苦地挣扎时，作者都会想到Mik。故选B。
20. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：良好的态度可以给你周围的人带来快乐，甚至可以激励陌生人登上山顶。
A. persuade 劝服；B. introduce 介绍；C. motivate 激励；D. recommend 推荐。根据上文“It had an enormous
impact on me, giving me the ___18___ to keep going.”可知，Mik 的态度一直激励着作者继续前行。故选C。
07（2022·天津·高考真题）When I was in sixth grade, I joined the band program to learn to play the
clarinet (单簧管). The beginning of the year had gone 1 . But as most students progressed, I seemed to fall
behind. One day, when my teacher told us to play in front of the other students, I was filled with fear. I knew I
would 2 . When I began to play, my rhythms (节奏) were good, but my tone was another 3 . “Did
you practice your lesson?” the teacher barked at me. I felt so 4 and my world came 5 down in
an instant.
From then on, I hated playing the clarinet and I kept getting 6 . With the day of the new performance
approaching, I grew increasingly upset. In a moment of 7 , I asked for sick leave. It was so relieving and
such a(n) 8 way out.
The avoidance of my lessons continued until my mum asked me about it. “I want to quit.” My tears started
9 . “If you really want to quit, why are you crying?” asked mum. She 10 and I realized I wanted to stay
in band and, by not facing my fears, I had created a black hole that would be difficult to 11 out of. I
made a 12 not to hide from my fears and to stand up to even the worst of them, so a 13 could be
achieved.
The next day I met with my band teacher and told her I was having a problem and couldn’t 14
why. She asked me gently to play for her. I tried, but only an unpleasant sound came out. She didn’t 15 at
me and handed me a new reed (簧片). I put it in place and tried again. To my great 16 I could play
well. My problem was solved and my fear was 17 a lot that year.
18 I’m glad that I overcame my fear. Fear can 19 everything in a person’s life.
Hiding from those very fears only creates a hole, which makes a person stay 20 inside. After facing up
to a fear, one may find life easier and much more enjoyable.
1. A. badly
B. endlessly
C. randomly
D. smoothly
2. A. mess up
B. move on
C. set out
D. take off
3. A. impression
B. essay
C. story
D. factor
4. A. ashamed
B. starved
C. excited
D. relaxed
5. A. crashing
B. moving
C. selling
D. bending
6. A. stricter
B. worse
C. happier
D. smarter
7. A. joy
B. panic
C. doubt
D. sympathy
8. A. funny
B. important
C. easy
D. traditional
9. A. drying
B. disappearing
C. flowing
D. separating
10. A. had a point
B. made a change
C. reached a level
D. took a break
11. A. send
B. bring
C. pick
D. climb
12. A. request
B. resolution
C. presentation
D. proposal
13. A. balance
B. degree
C. position
D. solution
14. A. figure out
B. give away
C. think over
D. make up
15. A. aim
B. smile
C. wave
D. shout
16. A. anger
B. sorrow
C. disappointment
D. surprise
17. A. felt
B. shown
C. removed
D. voiced
18. A. Carrying on
B. Looking back
C. Stepping aside
D. Turning around
19. A. consume
B. examine
C. reflect
D. rescue
20. A. unknown
B. unpunished
C. interested
D. trapped
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. A 6. B 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. A 11. D 12. B 13. D 14. A 15. D 16. D 17. C 18.
B 19. A 20. D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者因为自己单簧管演奏得不好，感到很沮丧，决定逃避，在妈妈
的启发下，作者决定面对恐惧，找到老师寻求帮助，最终解决了问题，也战胜了自己的恐惧。
1. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：年初进展顺利。A. badly 严重地；B. endlessly 无穷地；C. randomly 随机地；
D. smoothly 顺利地。根据下文“But as most students progressed, I seemed to fall behind.”可知，上下文为转折
关系，年初进展顺利，但随着大多数学生的进步，我似乎落后了。故选D 项。
2. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我知道我会搞砸的。A. mess up 搞砸；B. move on 继续前进；C. set out 动
身，出发；D. take off 起飞。根据上文“I seemed to fall behind”可知，我似乎落后于其他同学，由此可知，
我认为自己演奏的不好，会搞砸的。故选A 项。
3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我开始演奏时，我的节奏很好，但我的音调是另一回事。A. impression 印
象；B. essay 散文；C. story 故事，情节；D. factor 因素。根据上文“I seemed to fall behind”可知，我演奏的
不好，虽然节奏很好，但演奏不在调上，音调是另一回事，“my tone was another story”用来描述演奏不在
调上。故选C 项。
4. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到很羞愧，我的世界瞬间崩溃了。A. ashamed 羞愧的；B. starved 饥饿
的；C. excited 兴奋的；D. relaxed 放松的。根据上文“Did you practice your lesson?”可知，老师质疑我的演
奏，怀疑我没有练习，由此可知，我为此感到羞愧。故选A 项。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感到很羞愧，我的世界瞬间崩溃了。A. crashing 崩溃；B. moving 移动；C.
selling 出售；D. bending 弯曲。根据上文“Did you practice your lesson?”可知，老师质疑我的演奏，怀疑我
没有练习，由此可知，我感到很羞愧，感觉世界瞬间崩溃了。故选A 项。
6. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，我讨厌吹单簧管，而且越来越糟糕。A. stricter 更严格的；B.
worse 更糟的；C. happier 更快乐的；D. smarter 更聪明的。根据下文“I grew increasingly upset”可知，我感
到越来越沮丧，由此可知，我的状态越来越糟糕。故选B 项。
7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一阵恐慌中，我请了病假。A. joy 喜悦；B. panic 恐慌；C. doubt 疑惑；D.
sympathy 同情。根据上文“I hated playing the clarinet”和“With the day of the new performance approaching, I
grew increasingly upset.”可知，我讨厌吹单簧管，我感到越来越沮丧，由此可知，因为对即将到来的表演感
到恐慌，所以我请了病假。故选B 项。
8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一种解脱和容易的方式。A. funny 有趣的；B. important 重要的；C.
easy 容易的；D. traditional 传统的。根据上文“I hated playing the clarinet”可知，我讨厌吹单簧管，由此可知
我请了病假，这是一种让我解脱的容易的方式，我可以不再面对单簧管表演。故选C 项。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我想退出。”我的眼泪开始流下来。A. drying 使变干；B. disappearing 消失
C. flowing 流动；D. separating 使分开。根据下文“why are you crying”可知，我哭了，由此可知，我的眼泪
流了下来。故选C 项。
10. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她说得很有道理，我意识到我想留在乐队里，因为没有面对我的恐惧，
我创造了一个很难爬出来的黑洞。A. had a point 有道理；B. made a change 做出改变；C. reached a level 达
到一定水平；D. took a break 休息一下。根据句中“I realized I wanted to stay in band and”可知，我意识到我
想留在乐队里，由此可知，我认为妈妈的话“If you really want to quit, why are you crying?(如果你真的想退
出，为什么要哭？)”说得很有道理，如果我真想退出，就不会哭。故选A 项。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说得很有道理，我意识到我想留在乐队里，因为没有面对我的恐惧，我
创造了一个很难爬出来的黑洞。A. send 发送；B. bring 带来；C. pick 挑选；D. climb 爬。根据句中“created
a black hole”可知，我无法面对我的恐惧，就像给自己创造了一个黑洞，很难爬出来。故选D 项。
12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我下定决心，不躲避自己的恐惧，即使是最糟糕的恐惧，我也要与之对抗，
这样才能找到解决办法。A. request 请求；B. resolution 正式决定，决心；C. presentation 演示；D. proposal 提
议。根据句中“stand up to even the worst of them”可知，我决定与恐惧对抗，由此可知，我下定决心，不躲
避自己的恐惧。故选B 项。
13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我下定决心，不躲避自己的恐惧，即使是最糟糕的恐惧，我也要与之对抗，
这样才能找到解决办法。A. balance 平衡；B. degree 程度，度数；C. position 位置；D. solution 解决办法。根
据句中“stand up to even the worst of them”可知，我决定与恐惧对抗，是为了找到解决问题的办法。故选D 项
14. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：第二天，我见到了我的乐队老师，告诉她我有一个问题，不理解为什
么会这样。A. figure out 理解，想出；B. give away 赠送；C. think over 仔细考虑；D. make up 编造。根据句
中“The next day I met with my band teacher and told her I was having a problem”可知，我把问题告诉老师，
由此可知，我不理解为什么会这样，所以才请教老师。故选A 项。
15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她没有冲我大喊大叫，递给我一个新簧片。A. aim 目的是；B. smile 微笑；
C. wave 挥手；D. shout 喊叫。根据句中“She asked me gently to play for her.”可知，老师温柔地让我为她演
奏，由此可知，她愿意帮助我解决问题，得知我的问题后，没有冲我大喊大叫。故选D 项。
16. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我非常惊讶的是，我能演奏得很好。A. anger 愤怒；B. sorrow 悲伤；C.
disappointment 失望；D. surprise 惊讶。根据句中“I could play well”可知，我之前一直演奏不好，突然能演
奏得很好，这令我感到惊讶。故选D 项。
17. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那一年，我的问题解决了，我的恐惧消除了很多。A. felt 感觉到；B. shown
展示；C. removed 去除，使消失；D. voiced 表达，吐露。根据句中“My problem was solved”可知，我的问
题解决了，由此可知，我的恐惧消除了很多，不再那么害怕演奏了。故选C 项。
18. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：回首往事，我很高兴我克服了恐惧。A. Carrying on 继续；B. Looking
back 回顾，回首往事；C. Stepping aside 下台，让位；D. Turning around 转身，调转方向。根据句中“I
overcame my fear”可知，我克服了恐惧是发生在过去的事，由此可知，句中指回首往事，我很高兴我克服了
恐惧。故选B 项。
19. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：恐惧会消耗一个人生活中的一切。A. consume 消耗；B. examine 检查；C.
reflect 反映；D. rescue 营救。根据上文“by not facing my fears, I had created a black hole that would be difficult to
_____ out of”可知，因为没有面对我的恐惧，我陷入困境，无法面对生活，由此可知，恐惧会消耗一个人生
活中的一切。故选A 项。
20. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：躲避这些恐惧只会造成一个洞，让人困在里面。A. unknown 未知的；B.
unpunished 未受惩罚的；C. interested 感兴趣的；D. trapped 受困的。根据上文“by not facing my fears, I had
created a black hole that would be difficult to _____ out of”可知，因为没有面对我的恐惧，我创造了一个很难
爬出来的黑洞，由此可知，躲避恐惧只会造成一个洞，人被困在里面。故选D 项。
08（2021·天津·高考真题）For most people, having things stolen feels like an offence. Robbie Pruitt admitted
that he got 1 when he discovered the theft of his mountain bike last September. But soon enough, his 2
took a turn. After letting go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road to sympathy 3 .
For Pruitt, a keen bicyclist, the first thing to do was 4 his stolen bike. But when he went bike
shopping, he found few available, which got him thinking: What if the 5 of bikes was Covid-19 related,
and what if the person who'd taken his bike really needed 6 to get to work?
With that thought in mind, Pruitt 7 a plan and posted it on the community website. He 8
to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it. He also asked for unwanted bikes, which he would repair-
again 9 . And then he would donate them to folks who could truly use them but didn't have the 10
to buy one.
The day the post went live, Pruitt received thirty 11 bicycles. Then came more than 500 12
for detailed information. By the end of 2020, Pruitt had repaired more than 140 for donation or to be 13 to their
owners.
Pruitt tries to give his donations to families that are 14 struggling. 15 simply satisfying
a material need, he has provided an opportunity for kids in his neighborhood to learn how to fix their own bikes.
In addition to 16 skills, Pruitt's lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-worth, and promote
feelings of community. 17 , the kids have gained a sense of accomplishment.
"It's a really great 18 for kids,“ said a neighbor in an interview with the local newspaper. "Pruitt is
certainly providing a 19
, but it's not just the bikes. It's the relationships in the community. It's the 20
that he can make on people."
1. A. amazed
B. mad
C. curious
D. frightened
2. A. emotions
B. career
C. opinions
D. route
3. A. ever
B. together
C. instead
D. yet
4. A. ride
B. lock
C. repair
D. replace
5. A. lack
B. variety
C. increase
D. quality
6. A. instruction
B. qualification
C. transportation
D. permission
7. A. came up with
B. stuck to
C. gave up
D. broke away from
8. A. remembered
B. refused
C. hesitated
D. offered
9. A. by accident
B. in advance
C. for free
D. on credit
10. A. profit
B. budget
C. courage
D. excuse
11. A. shared
B. used
C. expensive
D. modern
12. A. enquiries
B. advertisements
C. notices
D. announcements
13. A. exported
B. sold
C. lent
D. returned
14. A. hardly
B. slightly
C. truly
D. instantly
15. A. Without
B. Beyond
C. Upon
D. Among
16. A. practical
B. commercial
C. mathematical
D. social
17. A. Otherwise
B. However
C. Somehow
D. Meanwhile
18. A. promise
B. celebration
C. comfort
D. experience
19. A. competition
B. service
C. ceremony
D. suggestion
20. A. compromise
B. impression
C. impact
D. progress
【答案】
1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. A 6. C 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. B 11. B 12. A 13. D 14. C 15. B 16. A 17.
D 18. D 19. B 20. C
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Robbie Pruitt 在自己的自行车被偷后，想出了给人免费修车的计划。
他把这一计划发布到了网上，主动提出为有需要的人免费修理自行车。他还想要一些没人要的自行车，他
愿意再免费修理一次。然后他会把它们捐给那些真正需要它们但没有预算买的人。他还教授邻居的孩子们
免费修车，得到了邻居的赞赏。
1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Robbie Pruitt 承认，去年9 月发现他的山地车被盗时，他很生气。A.
amazed 惊讶的；B. mad 生气的；C. curious 好奇的；D. frightened 害怕的。根据后文“letting go of his anger”可
知发现车被偷，Robbie Pruitt 当时很生气。故选B。
2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但很快，他的情绪发生了变化。A. emotions 情绪；B. career 事业；C.
opinions 观点；D. route 路线。结合后文“After letting go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road
to sympathy”可知Robbie Pruitt 从生气沮丧变成了同情，情绪发生了变化。故选A。
3. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在放下愤怒和沮丧之后，他发现自己走上了同情之路。A. ever 曾经；B.
together 一起；C. instead 相反；D. yet 然而。结合上文“he found himself on a road to sympathy”可知，发现
自己的车被偷，Robbie Pruitt 放下愤怒和沮丧，反而走上了同情他人的道路。故选C。
4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于热衷于骑自行车的Pruitt 来说，第一件要做的事就是取代他被偷的自行
车。A. ride 骑车；B. lock 锁上；C. repair 修理；D. replace 取代。根据后文“his stolen bike. But when he went
bike shopping”可知车被偷，Pruitt 要买车来取代被偷的自行车。故选D。
5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但当他去买自行车时，发现几乎没有自行车，这让他想到：如果缺少自行车
与Covid-19 有关，如果骑他自行车的人真的需要交通工具去上班呢？A. lack 缺乏；B. variety 多样；C.
increase 增加；D. quality 质量。根据上文“he found few available”可知商店里也缺少自行车。故选A。
6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但当他去买自行车时，发现几乎没有自行车，这让他想到：如果缺少自行车
与Covid-19 有关，如果骑他自行车的人真的需要交通工具去上班呢？A. instruction 指令；B. qualification 资
格；C. transportation 运输工具；D. permission 允许。根据前后文“needed … to get to work”可知，Pruitt 猜测
偷自己自行车的人是因为确实需要交通工具去上班。故选C。
7. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：带着这个想法，Pruitt 想出了一个计划，并把它发布在了社区网站上。A.
came up with 提出；B. stuck to 坚持；C. gave up 放弃；D. broke away from 突然逃跑。根据后文“a plan and
posted it on the community website”指想出了一个计划，come up with 符合语境。故选A。
8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他主动提出为有需要的人免费修理自行车。A. remembered 记得；B. refused
拒绝；C. hesitated 犹豫；D. offered 提议。结合后文“to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it”指
Pruitt 提议为他人免费修车，offer to do sth.“主动提出做某事”。故选D。
9. 考查固定短语辨析。句意：他还想要一些没人要的自行车，他愿意再免费修理一次。A. by accident 偶然；
B. in advance 提前；C. for free 免费；D. on credit 赊账。呼应上文“fix bikes free of charge”他的修车都是免
费的。故选C。
10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他会把它们捐给那些真正需要它们但没有预算买的人。A. profit 利润；
B. budget 预算；C. courage 勇气；D. excuse 借口。根据前后文“folks who could truly use them but didn't have
the…to buy one”可知，Pruitt 捐车的对象是那些需要车但是预算不够，买不起的人，but 表示转折，说明预
算紧张。故选B。
11. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一帖子发布当天，Pruitt 收到了30 辆二手自行车。A. shared 共享的；B.
used 二手的；C. expensive 昂贵的；D. modern 现代的。根据上文“He also asked for unwanted bikes”可知，
Pruitt 也回收不想要的二手车，所以在帖子发布当天收到了30 辆二手自行车。故选B。
12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后就来了500 多个询问详细信息的询问。A. enquiries 询问；B.
advertisements 广告；C. notices 通知；D. announcements 公告。根据后文“for detailed information”可知有询
问详细信息的询问。故选A。
13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：到2020 年底，Pruitt 已经修复了140 多件自行车，这些自行车要么捐赠，要
么返还原主。A. exported 出口；B. sold 出售；C. lent 借给；D. returned 返回，返还。结合后文“to their
owners”指修好的车返还给主人，return 符合语境。故选D。
14. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Pruitt 试图把他的捐赠捐给那些真正生活困难挣扎的家庭。A. hardly 几乎不；
B. slightly 轻微地；C. truly 真实地；D. instantly 立即。此处呼应上文“folks who could truly use them”指Pruitt
的捐赠都是给那些真正生活有困难的家庭的。故选C。
15. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：除了满足物质需求，他为邻居的孩子们提供了一个学习如何修理自行车的
机会。A. Without 没有；B. Beyond 除……之外；超过；C. Upon 在……上；D. Among 在……中间。结合后
文“he has provided an opportunity for kids in his neighborhood to learn how to fix their own bikes”可知，不仅
满足了物质上的需求，还提供了学习如何修理自行车的机会。故选B。
16. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：除了实用技能，Pruitt 的课程还教授团队合作，鼓励自我价值，促进社区
感觉。A. practical 实际的；B. commercial 商业的；C. mathematical 数学的；D. social 社会的。根据上文“he
has provided an opportunity for kids in his neighborhood to learn how to fix their own bikes.”可知，Pruitt 为邻居
的孩子们提供了一个学习如何修理自行车的机会，即教授他们实用技能。故选A。
17. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：同时，孩子们也有了一种成就感。A. Otherwise 否则；B. However 然而；C.
Somehow 不知怎么；D. Meanwhile 同时。根据前后文语境，可知孩子们通过参加Pruitt 的课程，学到了实
用技能，同时还有了一种成就感，Meanwhile 符合语境。故选D。
18. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位邻居在接受当地报纸采访时说：“对孩子们来说，这真是一次很棒的
经历。”A. promise 承诺；B. celebration 庆祝；C. comfort 安慰；D. experience 经历。根据语境，参与Pruitt
的课程对孩子们来说，是一次经历。故选D。
19. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Pruitt 当然会提供服务，但不仅仅是自行车。A. competition 比赛；B. service
服务；C. ceremony 典礼；D. suggestion 建议。结合上文可知，Pruitt 为人们免费修车，还为社区的孩子教授
如何修车，所以他提供的是服务。故选B。
20. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：而是他能对人们产生的影响。A. compromise 妥协；B. impression 印象；C.
impact 影响；D. progress 进步。根据后文“he can make on people”可知为短语make impact on“对……产生影
响”。故选C。
三、完形填空名校模拟
模拟专区
: 做好题才有好成绩
! 练技能
, 补漏洞
, 提分数
, 强信心
!
01（2025·天津·模拟预测）“Dad, can I buy another pair of CONVERSE (匡威)?” I begged. I loved
CONVERSE all star shoes and 1 two pairs already. They were totally in and well, let’s just say that I
liked to 2 the times. They were like my most 3 possessions and I wore them with great 4 .
Walking by the store and 5 the brand new designs made me want to show off and buy every single pair
for sale.
“Of course you can,” Dad 6 me. “Why don’t you go in and try a new one?” Dad 7
stopped me from buying anything 8 it was the most expensive thing in the entire store. He wanted me to
have everything he couldn’t. I was 9 by the bright lights of the store and piles of branded shoes. I
couldn’t see Dad’s 10 wallet because it was 11 under his widespread smile.
It turned out that I didn’t buy the shoes after all, but I did end up thinking about my dad and how 12
he was to making his little girl happy. I would always 13 him to buy himself a pair of Adidas or Nike but
he would always 14 his head. We both knew we obviously couldn’t 15 them. But he’d always
put me before him.
I often have 16 with my dad over trivial (琐碎的) issues. And which sixteen-year-old doesn’t?
However, when I come to think of it, I realize his 17 and that he never fails to 18 it.
Dad, I want you to know I’m 19 for all the times that I’ve yelled at you. And when I learn to stand
up on my own, with my very 20 salary whatever it is, I’ll get the best pair of shoes for you.
1. A. wore out
B. owned
C. sold out
D. washed
2. A. stand for
B. comment on
C. live up to
D. keep up with
3. A. secret
B. valuable
C. shabby
D. ordinary
4. A. anger
B. regret
C. pride
D. respect
5. A. trying
B. creating
C. remembering
D. appreciating
6. A. encouraged
B. bothered
C. blamed
D. accepted
7. A. always
B. never
C. even
D. still
8. A. because
B. unless
C. even if
D. now that
9. A. blinded
B. cheated
C. shocked
D. troubled
10. A. fashionable
B. delicate
C. charming
D. trembling
11. A. hidden
B. stolen
C. obtained
D. fetched
12. A. adaptable
B. devoted
C. accustomed
D. opposite
13. A. ask
B. forbid
C. wait for
D. arrange for
14. A. nod
B. raise
C. shake
D. bury
15. A. donate
B. deliver
C. repair
D. afford
16. A. discussion
B. patience
C. quarrels
D. plans
17. A. love
B. existence
C. honor
D. embarrassment
18. A. show
B. ignore
C. trust
D. accept
19. A. grateful
B. ready
C. famous
D. sorry
20. A. low
B. first
C. basic
D. competitive
【答案】
1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. D 11. A 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D 16. C 17. A
18. A 19. D 20. B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在渴望购买新鞋时，感受到爸爸无私的爱与牺牲，领悟
到亲情，并决心在未来回报父亲。
1. 考查动词词义与短语辨析。句意：我喜欢匡威全明星鞋，已经穿坏了两双。A. wore out 穿破；B. owned
拥有；C. sold out 售罄；D. washed 清洗。根据上文““Dad, can I buy another pair of CONVERSE (匡威)?” I
begged.”和“I loved CONVERSE all star shoes”可知，作者很喜欢匡威全明星鞋，想再买一双新的，可推知她
常穿这款鞋，已经穿坏了两双。故选A。
2. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：它们特别火，这么说吧，我想紧跟潮流。A. stand for 代表；B. comment on 评
论；C. live up to 不辜负；D. keep up with 跟上。根据上文“They were totally in”可知，作者认为匡威全明星
鞋特别火，可推知作者喜欢它是因为想紧跟潮流。故选D。
3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们就像我最宝贵的财产，每次穿上我都特别骄傲。A. secret 秘密的；B.
valuable 宝贵的；C. shabby 破旧的；D. ordinary 普通的。根据上文“I loved CONVERSE all star shoes”可知，
作者很喜欢匡威全明星鞋，因此是把它们视作自己最宝贵的财产。故选B。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们就像我最宝贵的财产，每次穿上我都特别骄傲。A. anger 愤怒；B. regret
后悔；C. pride 骄傲；D. respect 尊重。根据上文“I loved CONVERSE all star shoes”可知，作者很喜欢匡威
全明星鞋，因此穿上它们会特别骄傲。故选C。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：走过商店，欣赏全新的设计，让我想炫耀一下，把每一双出售的鞋子都买下
来。A. trying 尝试；B. creating 创造；C. remembering 记得；D. appreciating 欣赏。根据上文“Walking by the
store”和下文“the brand new designs”可知，作者走过商店时会欣赏全新的设计。故选D。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你当然可以，”爸爸鼓励我说。A. encouraged 鼓励；B. bothered 打扰；C.
blamed 责备；D. accepted 接受。根据上文“Of course you can”和下文““Why don’t you go in and try a new
one?” Dad”可知，爸爸是鼓励作者去试试匡威鞋。故选A。
7. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：爸爸从不阻止我买任何东西，即使它是整个商店里最贵的东西。A. always 总
是；B. never 从不；C. even 甚至；D. still 仍然。根据上文““Why don’t you go in and try a new one?” Dad”可知
面对作者的请求，爸爸让她进去试试新的鞋，可推知爸爸从不阻止作者买任何东西。故选B。
8. 考查连词词义与短语辨析。句意：爸爸从不阻止我买任何东西，即使它是整个商店里最贵的东西。A.
because 因为；B. unless 除非；C. even if 即使；D. now that 既然。根据下文“it was the most expensive thing
in the entire store”可知，此处是让步的关系，用even if“即使”引导让步状语从句，突显爸爸对作者的爱。
故选C。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：商店里明亮的灯光和成堆的名牌鞋让我眼花缭乱。A. blinded 使眼花、使目眩
B. cheated 欺骗；C. shocked 使震惊；D. troubled 困扰。根据下文“by the bright lights of the store and piles of
branded shoes”可知，商店里明亮的灯光和成堆的名牌鞋会让作者炫目，即眼花缭乱。故选A。
10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我看不见爸爸颤抖的钱包，因为它藏在他灿烂的笑容下。A. fashionable
时尚的；B. delicate 精致的；C. charming 迷人的；D. trembling 颤抖的。根据下文“It turned out that I didn’t
buy the shoes after all”可知，结果作者并没有买那双鞋，可推知作者家的经济比较紧张，因此trembling“颤抖
的”符合语境，“颤抖的钱包”暗示爸爸的经济压力。故选D。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看不见爸爸颤抖的钱包，因为它藏在他灿烂的笑容下。A. hidden 隐藏；
B. stolen 偷窃；C. obtained 获得；D. fetched 取来。根据下文“under his widespread smile”可知，爸爸灿烂的
笑容隐藏了他钱包的状况，体现父亲隐藏困难。故选A。
12. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：结果我并没有买那双鞋，但我最后确实想到了我的爸爸，以及他是如何
全心全意地让他的小女孩快乐。A. adaptable 适应的；B. devoted 全心全意的；C. accustomed 习惯的；D.
opposite 相反的。根据上文““Of course you can,” Dad ____6____ me. “Why don’t you go in and try a new
one?””可知，面对作者的请求，爸爸一口答应，让她进去试试新的鞋，因此爸爸是全心全意地让他的小女
孩快乐。故选B。
13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我总是请求他给自己买一双阿迪达斯或耐克，但他总是摇头。A. ask 请求；
B. forbid 禁止；C. wait for 等待；D. arrange for 安排。根据作者还是小女孩的身份，以及下文“him to buy
himself a pair of Adidas or Nike”可知，作者是请求爸爸给他自己买一双阿迪达斯或耐克。故选A。
14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我总是请求他给自己买一双阿迪达斯或耐克，但他总是摇头。A. nod 点头；
B. raise 举起；C. shake 摇晃；D. bury 埋葬。根据上文“It turned out that I didn’t buy the shoes after all”可知，
结果作者并没有买那双鞋，可推知作者家的经济比较紧张，爸爸是摇头拒绝为自己买一双阿迪达斯或耐克。
故选C。
15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们都知道我们显然负担不起。A. donate 捐赠；B. deliver 递送；C. repair 修
理；D. afford 负担。根据上文“to buy himself a pair of Adidas or Nike”可知，与买一双阿迪达斯或耐克呼应
的是负担不起鞋的费用。故选D。
16. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我经常因为一些小事和爸爸吵架。A. discussion 讨论；B. patience 耐心；C.
quarrels 争吵；D. plans 计划。根据下文“I’ve yelled at you”可知，作者会对爸爸大吼大叫，因此是指因为一
些小事和爸爸吵架。故选C。
17. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我想到这一点时，我意识到他的爱，以及他从不吝惜展现它。A.
love 爱；B. existence 存在；C. honor 荣誉；D. embarrassment 尴尬。根据上文“But he’d always put me before
him.”可知，爸爸总是把作者放在第一位，因此是意识到他的爱。故选A。
18. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我想到这一点时，我意识到他的爱，以及他从不吝惜展现它。A.
show 展示；B. ignore 忽视；C. trust 信任；D. accept 接受。根据上文““Of course you can,” Dad ____6____
me. “Why don’t you go in and try a new one?””可知，面对作者的请求，爸爸一口答应，让她进去试试新的鞋，
尽力让她快乐，因此是从不吝惜展现他的爱。故选A。
19. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：爸爸，我想让你知道我很抱歉一直对你大吼大叫。A. grateful 感激的；B.
ready 准备好的；C. famous 著名的；D. sorry 抱歉的。根据下文“for all the times that I’ve yelled at you”可知，
作者是为自己对爸爸大吼大叫感到抱歉。故选D。
20. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：等我学会自立，拿着我的第一份薪水，不管多少，我都会给你买一双最
好的鞋。A. low 低的；B. first 第一的；C. basic 基础的；D. competitive 竞争的。根据上文“when I learn to
stand up on my own”可知，等作者学会自立，她可以工作挣钱，拿自己的第一份薪水为父亲买鞋。故选B。
02（25-26 高三上·天津·期中）In August, Hilde Falun Strom and Sunniva Sorby began a nine-month Arctic
expedition (考察), settling into a tiny hunting cabin (小木屋) on the high-Arctic Norwegian archipelago of Svalbard.
The cabin is the only 1 within 140 kilometers. Polar bears 2 around and the winter
temperatures can drop to around -30 ˚ C.
The 3 are so severe that few polar scientists collect field data from the area during winter. That’s
where Falun Strom and Sorby come in — 4 observations about wildlife and the environment that could
help scientists 5 how rapid warming is changing Arctic ecosystems.
Both women, known as the Bamsebu team, were inspired to 6 climate research after witnessing the
effects of climate change in polar regions. They both have 7 in frozen environments. Sorby has worked
as a historian and guide in Antarctica, while Falun Strom has spent time in trappers’ cabins across the Arctic.
“It’s as if all of my years in Svalbard have 8 me for this overwintering,” Falun Strom says. But even
for her, the Bamsebu experience is 9 . There is no running water, so they melt ice for water and chop wood to
keep warm. Going outside 10 wearing many layers of clothing.
“We snap constantly,” 11 foxes, reindeer and polar bears, Sorby said. Those photos may give insight
into how animals in the region are 12 warmer weather.
In November, they 13 a polar bear that had recently hunted a reindeer. That was 14 ,
because polar bears normally eat seals. Scientists suspect bears may be forced to 15 their eating habits
because warmer ocean currents are drastically (彻底地) shrinking sea ice where bears 16 seals.
The Bamsebu team are also 17 phytoplankton (浮游生物) samples for the FjordPhyto citizen
science project, which 18 relies on tourist ships for sample collection. The samples from the Bamsebu
team could 19 whether a similar 20 is occurring in the northern regions.
1. A. yard
B. shelter
C. building
D. campsite
2. A. wander
B. travel
C. run
D. search
3. A. issues
B. conditions
C. experiments
D. activities
4. A. imagining
B. interpreting
C. gathering
D. guaranteeing
5. A. consult
B. preserve
C. acknowledge
D. understand
6. A. support
B. fund
C. deliver
D. found
7. A. faith
B. training
C. experience
D. progress
8. A. introduced
B. prepared
C. invited
D. chosen
9. A. fantastic
B. tough
C. boring
D. beneficial
10. A. suggests
B. includes
C. allows
D. requires
11. A. guarding
B. watching
C. hunting
D. photographing
12. A. adapting to
B. getting over
C. depending on
D. contributing to
13. A. caught
B. encountered
C. helped
D. attacked
14. A. practical
B. natural
C. odd
D. ordinary
15. A. select
B. evaluate
C. maintain
D. change
16. A. discover
B. gather
C. follow
D. hunt
17. A. collecting
B. ordering
C. reporting
D. studying
18. A. typically
B. suddenly
C. gracefully
D. curiously
19. A. get rid of
B. throw light on
C. make up for
D. give way to
20. A. increase
B. contrast
C. shift
D. balance
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. B 10. D 11. D 12. A 13. B 14. C 15. D 16. D 17. A 18.
A 19. B 20. C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了两位女性探险家在北极极端环境中进行为期9 个月的考察，记录
野生动植物和环境变化，为科学家研究气候变暖对北极生态系统的影响提供数据。
1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这座小木屋是140 公里范围内唯一的庇护所。A. yard 院子；B. shelter 庇护所；
C. building 建筑物；D. campsite 营地。根据下文“Polar bears 2 around and the winter temperatures can drop to
around -30 ˚ C.”可知，屋子外面温度极低，很危险，所以此处指小屋是140 公里内唯一的避难所。故选B。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：北极熊在周围闲逛，冬季气温可能降至零下30 摄氏度左右。A. wander 闲逛；
B. travel 旅行；C. run 奔跑；D. search 搜寻。根据上文“Polar bears”和下文“around”可知，此处指北极熊四
处游荡。故选A。
3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这里的环境条件极为恶劣，以至于冬季很少有极地科学家从该地区收集实地
数据。A. issues 问题；B. conditions 条件；C. experiments 实验；D. activities 活动。根据上文“Polar bears 2
around and the winter temperatures can drop to around -30 ˚ C.”及下文“few polar scientists collect field data from
the area during winter.”可知，此处指条件非常恶劣，以至于冬季很少有科学家从该地区收集数据。故选B。
4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这正是法伦・斯特伦和索比的用武之地——她们收集有关野生动物和环境的
观测数据，这些数据能帮助科学家理解气候快速变暖如何改变北极生态系统。A. imagining 想象；B.
interpreting 解读；C. gathering 收集；D. guaranteeing 保证。根据上文“few polar scientists collect field data
from the area during winter.”及下文“That’s where Falun Strom and Sorby come in”可知，该地区在冬季很少有
科学家收集数据，因此法伦・斯特伦和索比开始做这件事，即收集有关野生动物和环境的观察结果。故选
C。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这正是法伦・斯特伦和索比的用武之地——她们收集有关野生动物和环境的
观测数据，这些数据能帮助科学家理解气候快速变暖如何改变北极生态系统。A. consult 咨询；B. preserve
保护；C. acknowledge 承认；D. understand 理解。根据下文“ how rapid warming is changing Arctic
ecosystems”可知，此处指这些观察结果可能有助于科学家了解气候变暖对北极生态系统的影响。故选D。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位被称为“巴姆塞布团队”的女性，在目睹极地地区的气候变化影响后，
受到激励，来支持气候研究。A. support 支持，帮助；B. fund 资助；C. deliver 交付；D. found 创立。根据上
文“That’s where Falun Strom and Sorby come in — 4 observations about wildlife and the environment that
could help scientists 5 how rapid warming is changing Arctic ecosystems.”可知，法伦・斯特伦和索比收集
数据来帮助科学家们进行气候研究。故选A。
7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她们两人都有在寒冷环境工作的经验。A. faith 信念；B. training 培训；C.
experience 经验；D. progress 进步。根据下文“Sorby has worked as a historian and guide in Antarctica, while
Falun Strom has spent time in trappers’ huts across the Arctic.”可知，她们都有在寒冷环境中工作的经验。故选
C。
8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“仿佛我在斯瓦尔巴群岛的所有岁月都为这次越冬做好了准备，” 法伦・
斯特伦说。A. introduced 介绍；B. prepared 准备；C. invited 邀请；D. chosen 选择。根据上文“Sorby has
worked as a historian and guide in Antarctica, while Falun Strom has spent time in trappers’ huts across the Arctic.”可知
她在北极地区的这些经历为她的这次越冬做好了准备。故选B。
9. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但即使对她来说，这次巴姆塞布考察经历也十分艰难。A. fantastic 极好的；
B. tough 艰难的；C. boring 无聊的；D. beneficial 有益的。根据下文“There is no running water, so they melt
ice for water and chop wood to keep warm.”可知，没有自来水、得自己砍木头取暖，因此这次考察经历非常
艰难。故选B。
10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：外出需要穿多层衣物。A. suggests 建议；B. includes 包含；C. allows 允许；
D. requires 需要。根据上文“the winter temperatures can drop to around -30 ˚ C”可知，该地区外面很冷，外出
需要穿很多层衣服。故选D。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们一直在拍照，” 索比说，她们拍摄狐狸、驯鹿和北极熊。A.
guarding 守卫；B. watching 观看；C. hunting 捕猎；D. photographing 拍摄。根据上文“We snap constantly”及
下文“Those photos”可知，她们一直在拍照，拍摄这些动物的照片。故选D。
12. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这些照片可能会让人们了解该地区的动物如何适应变暖的气候。A. adapting
to 适应；B. getting over 克服；C. depending on 依赖；D. contributing to 促成。根据下文“because polar bears
normally eat seals. Scientists suspect bears may be forced to 15 their eating habits because warmer ocean currents are
drastically shrinking sea ice where bears 16 seals.”可知，北极熊因为变暖的气候而被迫改变饮食习惯，因
此这些照片可能会让人们了解该地区的动物如何适应变暖的气候。故选A。
13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：11 月，她们遇到了一只刚捕猎到驯鹿的北极熊。A. caught 捕捉；B.
encountered 遇到；C. helped 帮助；D. attacked 攻击。根据下文“a polar bear that had recently hunted a
reindeer”可知，此处指她们遇到了一只北极熊。故选B。
14. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这很奇怪，因为北极熊通常以海豹为食。A. practical 实用的；B. natural 自
然的；C. odd 奇怪的；D. ordinary 普通的。根据上文“a polar bear that had recently hunted a reindeer”和下文
“because polar bears normally eat seals”可知，北极熊通常吃海豹，却捕猎驯鹿，这一行为是奇怪的。故选
C。
15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：科学家推测，由于暖流彻底缩减了北极熊捕猎海豹的海冰面积，它们可能
被迫改变饮食习惯。A. select 选择；B. evaluate 评估；C. maintain 维持；D. change 改变。根据上文“a polar
bear that had recently hunted a reindeer”及“because polar bears normally eat seals.”可知，北极熊通常吃海豹，
却捕猎驯鹿，它们可能由于气候变暖而被迫改变了饮食习惯。故选D。
16. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：科学家推测，由于暖流彻底缩减了北极熊捕猎海豹的海冰面积，它们可能
被迫改变饮食习惯。A. discover 发现；B. gather 收集；C. follow 跟随；D. hunt 捕猎。根据上文“polar bears
normally eat seals”可知，此处指北极熊捕猎海豹。故选D。
17. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：巴姆塞布团队还在为“峡湾浮游生物”公民科学项目收集浮游生物样本，
该项目通常依赖旅游船进行样本采集。A. collecting 收集；B. ordering 订购；C. reporting 报告；D. studying 研
究。根据下文“for sample collection”可知，此处指收集浮游生物样本。故选A。
18. 考查副词短语辨析。句意：巴姆塞布团队还在为“峡湾浮游生物”公民科学项目收集浮游生物样本，
该项目通常依赖旅游船只进行样本采集。A. typically 通常；B. suddenly 突然；C. gracefully 优雅地；D.
curiously 好奇地。根据上文“The Bamsebu team are also 17 phytoplankton samples for the FjordPhyto citizen
science project”及下文“tourist ships for sample collection”可知，她们还为该项目收集样本，但该项目通常是
依靠旅游船只进行样本收集的。故选A。
19. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：巴姆塞布团队收集的样本可能会阐明北方地区是否正在发生类似的变化。
A. get rid of 摆脱；B. throw light on 阐明；C. make up for 弥补；D. give way to 让步。根据上文“That’s where
Falun Strom and Sorby come in — 4 observations about wildlife and the environment that could help scientists 5 how
rapid warming is changing Arctic ecosystems.”及“Scientists suspect bears may be forced to 15 their eating habits
because warmer ocean currents are drastically shrinking sea ice where bears 16 seals.”并结合全文可知，她们
收集的数据能帮助科学家们研究气候变暖对北极生态系统的影响，因此她们收集的样本可能会帮助阐明北
方地区是否正在发生类似的变化。故选B。
20. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：巴姆塞布团队收集的样本可能会阐明北方地区是否正在发生类似的变化。
A. increase 增加；B. contrast 对比；C. shift 转变；D. balance 平衡。根据上文“Scientists suspect bears may be
forced to 15 their eating habits because warmer ocean currents are drastically shrinking sea ice where bears 16
seals.”并结合全文可知，气候变暖给北极生态系统带来了一系列的变化，比如说北极熊被迫改变饮食习惯，
因此她们收集的样本能帮助阐明类似的变化是否在北方地区发生。故选C。
03（25-26 高三上·天津静海·期中）Josiah Jackson has played piano since age 4 and he started his piano-
tuning (钢琴调音) career at 18. Six months ago, he was on his way to Florida when he 1 a public piano at
Chicago O’Hare International Airport. He played a few notes. It was the 2 piano he’d ever played. He decided
to come back some day to tune it 3 .
He recently got the chance to put the plan into 4 . As his flight would stop in Chicago again, he 5
an eight-hour layover (中转停留) . After contacting the airport to 6 the piano was still there, he arranged to
mail his piano-tuning equipment to the airport.
7 arriving, he found the piano in very rough shape — dust was everywhere, and there was a gluey
substance under the keys that 8 them from working. Jackson sat on the floor to patiently clean the 88 keys
one by one. He figured out the reason 9 the piano was such a mess — it was next to a bar and people had
spilled (洒落) drinks on the 10 .
The cleaning was a big challenge. That left him with about 45 minutes before he’d have to 11 to
catch his flight. So he did the fastest tuning. He then played a bit of “Pirates of the Caribbean”, the piece that 12
him to take up the piano when he was younger. Even with a quick tuning, the piano sounded really good.
He 13 . had time to admire his work, but he had 14 his goal: the transformation of the
piano. It was again ready to be played by anyone with a few minutes to 15 between flights. He left a sign on
the piano — “No drinks near piano, please”
A video was 16 on TikTok showing how he cleaned and tuned the piano, which has received more
than 1, 500 17 . “So glad the piano is 18 . Thank you for bringing a new life to the piano” one
person wrote.
“I’m 19 that people are playing the piano again,” Jackson told a news reporter. “Piano tuners are
becoming more and more 20 , and I’m one of the few who could fix it. It was just a cool community
thing to do.”
1. A. tuned
B. bought
C. spotted
D. left
2. A. best
B. worst
C. longest
D. hardest
3. A. free of charge
B. ahead of time
C. first of all
D. on behalf of
4. A. approach
B. event
C. function
D. action
5. A. canceled
B. delayed
C. scheduled
D. allowed
6. A. make sure
B. make sense
C. hang out
D. come across
7. A. In
B. Upon
C. At
D. Before
8. A. prevented
B. preserved
C. rescued
D. protected
9. A. how
B. what
C. why
D. that
10. A. floor
B. keys
C. airport
D. mail
11. A. wonder
B. flee
C. race
D. wander
12. A. inspired
B. discovered
C. contacted
D. inspected
13. A. generally
B. casually
C. effortlessly
D. barely
14. A. lost
B. achieved
C. revealed
D. replaced
15. A. confirm
B. promote
C. spare
D. decline
16. A. posted
B. approved
C. restricted
D. updated
17. A. diaries
B. quotes
C. comments
D. performances
18. A. restored
B. ruined
C. matched
D. boosted
19. A. confused
B. excited
C. shocked
D. embarrassed
20. A. available
B. accessible
C. rare
D. complicated
【答案】
1. C 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. B 11. C 12. A 13. D 14. B 15. C 16. A 17. C
18. A 19. B 20. C
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了钢琴调音师约西亚·杰克逊的故事。他是一名钢琴调音师，在芝加哥奥
黑尔国际机场发现一架钢琴并决定调音。杰克逊表示，钢琴调音师日益稀缺，能让这架钢琴重获新生、供
旅客弹奏，是一件很有意义的社区善举。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：六个月前，他在前往佛罗里达的途中，在芝加哥奥黑尔国际机场发现了一架
公共钢琴。A. tuned 调音；B. bought 购买；C. spotted 发现；D. left 离开。根据后文“He played a few notes”可
知，杰克逊是在旅途中偶然“发现”了这架钢琴，故选C。
2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是他弹过的最差的一架钢琴。A. best 最好的；B. worst 最差的；C.
longest 最长的；D. hardest 最难的。根据后文“he found the piano in very rough shape — dust was everywhere,
and there was a gluey substance under the keys”可知，钢琴的状态非常糟糕，是他弹过的“最差的”钢琴，故
选B。
3. 考查短语词义辨析。句意：他决定有一天回来免费为它调音。A. free of charge 免费；B. ahead of time 提
前；C. first of all 首先；D. on behalf of 代表。根据后文杰克逊主动安排时间、邮寄设备为钢琴清理调音，且
无提及收费相关内容，结合最后一段“It was just a cool community thing to do.”可知，他是“免费”为钢琴
调音，故选A。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他最近终于有机会将计划付诸行动。A. approach 方法；B. event 事件；C.
function 功能；D. action 行动。根据前文“He recently got the chance to put the plan”以及后文杰克逊安排中
转停留、邮寄设备等具体行为可知，他将之前的想法转化为了“行动”，“put the plan into action”为固定搭
配，意为“将计划付诸行动”，故选D。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于他的航班会再次在芝加哥停留，他特意安排了8 小时的中转时间。A.
canceled 取消；B. delayed 延迟；C. scheduled 安排；D. allowed 允许。根据前文“He decided to come back
some day to tune it”可知，杰克逊为了实现调音的计划，特意“安排”了中转停留时间，故选C。
6. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在联系机场确认钢琴仍在那里后，他安排将自己的钢琴调音设备邮寄到机场。
A. make sure 确认；B. make sense 有意义；C. hang out 闲逛；D. come across 偶然遇到。根据前文六个月前发
现钢琴，及后文“the piano was still there, he arranged to mail his piano-tuning equipment to the airport.”可知，
杰克逊需要先“确认”钢琴是否还在，才能进一步实施计划，故选A。
7. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：抵达后，他发现这架钢琴状况极差——到处是灰尘，琴键下还有一种黏腻的
物质，导致琴键无法正常工作。A. In 在……里面；B. Upon 一……就……；C. At 在（某地点/时刻）；D.
Before 在……之前。根据后文“arriving”及后文描述钢琴状况的动作可知，此处指“一抵达”就发现钢琴
的问题，“upon + 动名词”表示“一……就……”，符合语境，故选B。
8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：抵达后，他发现这架钢琴状况极差——到处是灰尘，琴键下还有一种黏腻的
物质，导致琴键无法正常工作。A. prevented 阻止；B. preserved 保护；C. rescued 营救；D. protected 保护。
根据前文“a gluey substance under the keys”及后文“from working”可知，黏腻物质“阻止”了琴键正常运作
“prevent...from doing sth.”为固定搭配，意为“阻止……做某事”，故选A。
9. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：他弄明白了钢琴如此脏乱的原因——它就在一家酒吧旁边，人们把饮品洒在
了琴键上。A. how 如何；B. what 什么；C. why 为什么；D. that 那个。根据前文“the reason”及后文解释钢
琴脏乱的具体情况可知，此处为定语从句，先行词为“reason”，关系词用“why”，表示“……的原因”，
故选C。
10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他弄明白了钢琴如此脏乱的原因——它就在一家酒吧旁边，人们把饮品洒
在了琴键上。A. floor 地板；B. keys 琴键；C. airport 机场；D. mail 邮件。根据前文“a gluey substance under
the keys”可知，饮品是洒在了“琴键”上，才导致琴键下出现黏腻物质，故选B。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这让他只剩下大约45 分钟的时间，然后就得赶紧去赶飞机。A. wonder 想知
道；B. flee 逃跑；C. race 疾行，快速移动；D. wander 闲逛。根据前文“left him with about 45 minutes before
he’d have to”和后文“to catch his flight”可知，他需要“快速疾行”去赶飞机，故选C。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他弹奏了一段《加勒比海盗》，这首曲子在他小时候启发他开始学钢
琴。A. inspired 启发；B. discovered 发现；C. contacted 联系；D. inspected 检查。根据后文“take up the piano
when he was younger”可知，《加勒比海盗》这首曲子“启发”了他学琴的兴趣，故选A。
13. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他几乎没时间欣赏自己的成果，但他已经实现了自己的目标：让这架钢琴
焕然一新。A. generally 通常；B. casually 随意地；C. effortlessly 毫不费力地；D. barely 几乎不。根据前文
“left him with about 45 minutes before he’d have to 11 to catch his flight”可知，调音完成后他时间紧迫，
“几乎不”有时间欣赏成果，故选D。
14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他几乎没时间欣赏自己的成果，但他已经实现了自己的目标：让这架钢琴
焕然一新。A. lost 丢失；B. achieved 实现；C. revealed 揭露；D. replaced 取代。根据后文“the transformation
of the piano”及“it was again ready to be played”可知，杰克逊成功“实现”了为钢琴调音、让它恢复使用的
目标，故选B。
15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它又可以供那些在航班间隙有几分钟空闲时间的人弹奏了。A. confirm 确认；
B. promote 促进；C. spare 抽出（时间）；D. decline 拒绝。根据后文“between flights”及前文“a few
minutes”可知，此处指旅客“抽出”空闲时间弹奏钢琴，“spare time”为固定表达，意为“空闲时间”，故
选C。
16. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一段展示他清理和调音过程的视频被发布到了TikTok 上，已经收到了超过
1500 条评论。A. posted 发布；B. approved 批准；C. restricted 限制；D. updated 更新。根据后文“on
TikTok”及“received more than 1,500 17 ”可知，视频被“发布”到了平台上，故选A。
17. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一段展示他清理和调音过程的视频被发布到了TikTok 上，已经收到了超过
1500 条评论。A. diaries 日记；B. quotes 引用；C. comments 评论；D. performances 表演。根据后文“one
person wrote”及网友的留言内容可知，视频收到了大量“评论”，故选C。
18. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“很高兴这架钢琴被修复了。谢谢你给这架钢琴带来了新生，”有人写道。
A. restored 修复；B. ruined 摧毁；C. matched 匹配；D. boosted 提升。根据前文杰克逊清理灰尘、解决琴键
问题并完成调音，及后文“bringing a new life to the piano”可知，钢琴被成功“修复”，故选A。
19. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：杰克逊对一名新闻记者说：“看到人们又开始弹奏这架钢琴，我很激
动。”A. confused 困惑的；B. excited 兴奋的；C. shocked 震惊的；D. embarrassed 尴尬的。根据后文“it was
just a cool community thing to do”可知，杰克逊对自己的行为能带来积极结果感到“激动”，故选B。
20. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“钢琴调音师变得越来越稀缺，而我是少数能修好它的人之一。”A.
available 可获得的；B. accessible 易接近的；C. rare 稀有的；D. complicated 复杂的。根据后文“and I’m one
of the few who could fix it”可知，钢琴调音师的数量很少，即“越来越稀缺”，故选C。
04（25-26 高三上·天津静海·期中）Josiah Jackson has played piano since age 4 and he started his piano-
tuning (钢琴调音) career at 18. Six months ago, he was on his way to Florida when he 1 a public piano at
Chicago O’Hare International Airport. He played a few notes. It was the 2 piano he’d ever played. He decided
to come back some day to tune it 3 .
He recently got the chance to put the plan into 4 . As his flight would stop in Chicago again, he 5
an eight-hour layover (中转停留) . After contacting the airport to 6 the piano was still there, he arranged to
mail his piano-tuning equipment to the airport.
7 arriving, he found the piano in very rough shape — dust was everywhere, and there was a gluey
substance under the keys that 8 them from working. Jackson sat on the floor to patiently clean the 88 keys
one by one. He figured out the reason 9 the piano was such a mess — it was next to a bar and people had
spilled (洒落) drinks on the 10 .
The cleaning was a big challenge. That left him with about 45 minutes before he’d have to 11 to
catch his flight. So he did the fastest tuning. He then played a bit of “Pirates of the Caribbean”, the piece that 12
him to take up the piano when he was younger. Even with a quick tuning, the piano sounded really good.
He 13 . had time to admire his work, but he had 14 his goal: the transformation of the
piano. It was again ready to be played by anyone with a few minutes to 15 between flights. He left a sign on
the piano — “No drinks near piano, please”
A video was 16 on TikTok showing how he cleaned and tuned the piano, which has received more
than 1, 500 17 . “So glad the piano is 18 . Thank you for bringing a new life to the piano” one
person wrote.
“I’m 19 that people are playing the piano again,” Jackson told a news reporter. “Piano tuners are
becoming more and more 20 , and I’m one of the few who could fix it. It was just a cool community
thing to do.”
1. A. tuned
B. bought
C. spotted
D. left
2. A. best
B. worst
C. longest
D. hardest
3. A. free of charge
B. ahead of time
C. first of all
D. on behalf of
4. A. approach
B. event
C. function
D. action
5. A. canceled
B. delayed
C. scheduled
D. allowed
6. A. make sure
B. make sense
C. hang out
D. come across
7. A. In
B. Upon
C. At
D. Before
8. A. prevented
B. preserved
C. rescued
D. protected
9. A. how
B. what
C. why
D. that
10. A. floor
B. keys
C. airport
D. mail
11. A. wonder
B. flee
C. race
D. wander
12. A. inspired
B. discovered
C. contacted
D. inspected
13. A. generally
B. casually
C. effortlessly
D. barely
14. A. lost
B. achieved
C. revealed
D. replaced
15. A. confirm
B. promote
C. spare
D. decline
16. A. posted
B. approved
C. restricted
D. updated
17. A. diaries
B. quotes
C. comments
D. performances
18. A. restored
B. ruined
C. matched
D. boosted
19. A. confused
B. excited
C. shocked
D. embarrassed
20. A. available
B. accessible
C. rare
D. complicated
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. B 11. C 12. A 13. D 14. B 15. C 16.
A 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. C
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了钢琴调音师约西亚·杰克逊的故事。他是一名钢琴调音师，在芝加哥奥
黑尔国际机场发现一架钢琴并决定调音。杰克逊表示，钢琴调音师日益稀缺，能让这架钢琴重获新生、供
旅客弹奏，是一件很有意义的社区善举。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：六个月前，他在前往佛罗里达的途中，在芝加哥奥黑尔国际机场发现了一架
公共钢琴。A. tuned 调音；B. bought 购买；C. spotted 发现；D. left 离开。根据后文“He played a few notes”可
知，杰克逊是在旅途中偶然“发现”了这架钢琴，故选C。
2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是他弹过的最差的一架钢琴。A. best 最好的；B. worst 最差的；C.
longest 最长的；D. hardest 最难的。根据后文“he found the piano in very rough shape — dust was everywhere,
and there was a gluey substance under the keys”可知，钢琴的状态非常糟糕，是他弹过的“最差的”钢琴，故
选B。
3. 考查短语词义辨析。句意：他决定有一天回来免费为它调音。A. free of charge 免费；B. ahead of time 提
前；C. first of all 首先；D. on behalf of 代表。根据后文杰克逊主动安排时间、邮寄设备为钢琴清理调音，且
无提及收费相关内容，结合最后一段“It was just a cool community thing to do.”可知，他是“免费”为钢琴
调音，故选A。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他最近终于有机会将计划付诸行动。A. approach 方法；B. event 事件；C.
function 功能；D. action 行动。根据前文“He recently got the chance to put the plan”以及后文杰克逊安排中
转停留、邮寄设备等具体行为可知，他将之前的想法转化为了“行动”，“put the plan into action”为固定搭
配，意为“将计划付诸行动”，故选D。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于他的航班会再次在芝加哥停留，他特意安排了8 小时的中转时间。A.
canceled 取消；B. delayed 延迟；C. scheduled 安排；D. allowed 允许。根据前文“He decided to come back
some day to tune it”可知，杰克逊为了实现调音的计划，特意“安排”了中转停留时间，故选C。
6. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在联系机场确认钢琴仍在那里后，他安排将自己的钢琴调音设备邮寄到机场。
A. make sure 确认；B. make sense 有意义；C. hang out 闲逛；D. come across 偶然遇到。根据前文六个月前发
现钢琴，及后文“the piano was still there, he arranged to mail his piano-tuning equipment to the airport.”可知，
杰克逊需要先“确认”钢琴是否还在，才能进一步实施计划，故选A。
7. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：抵达后，他发现这架钢琴状况极差——到处是灰尘，琴键下还有一种黏腻的
物质，导致琴键无法正常工作。A. In 在……里面；B. Upon 一……就……；C. At 在（某地点/时刻）；D.
Before 在……之前。根据后文“arriving”及后文描述钢琴状况的动作可知，此处指“一抵达”就发现钢琴
的问题，“upon + 动名词”表示“一……就……”，符合语境，故选B。
8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：抵达后，他发现这架钢琴状况极差——到处是灰尘，琴键下还有一种黏腻的
物质，导致琴键无法正常工作。A. prevented 阻止；B. preserved 保护；C. rescued 营救；D. protected 保护。
根据前文“a gluey substance under the keys”及后文“from working”可知，黏腻物质“阻止”了琴键正常运作
“prevent...from doing sth.”为固定搭配，意为“阻止……做某事”，故选A。
9. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：他弄明白了钢琴如此脏乱的原因——它就在一家酒吧旁边，人们把饮品洒在
了琴键上。A. how 如何；B. what 什么；C. why 为什么；D. that 那个。根据前文“the reason”及后文解释钢
琴脏乱的具体情况可知，此处为定语从句，先行词为“reason”，关系词用“why”，表示“……的原因”，
故选C。
10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他弄明白了钢琴如此脏乱的原因——它就在一家酒吧旁边，人们把饮品洒
在了琴键上。A. floor 地板；B. keys 琴键；C. airport 机场；D. mail 邮件。根据前文“a gluey substance under
the keys”可知，饮品是洒在了“琴键”上，才导致琴键下出现黏腻物质，故选B。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这让他只剩下大约45 分钟的时间，然后就得赶紧去赶飞机。A. wonder 想知
道；B. flee 逃跑；C. race 疾行，快速移动；D. wander 闲逛。根据前文“left him with about 45 minutes before
he’d have to”和后文“to catch his flight”可知，他需要“快速疾行”去赶飞机，故选C。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他弹奏了一段《加勒比海盗》，这首曲子在他小时候启发他开始学钢
琴。A. inspired 启发；B. discovered 发现；C. contacted 联系；D. inspected 检查。根据后文“take up the piano
when he was younger”可知，《加勒比海盗》这首曲子“启发”了他学琴的兴趣，故选A。
13. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他几乎没时间欣赏自己的成果，但他已经实现了自己的目标：让这架钢琴
焕然一新。A. generally 通常；B. casually 随意地；C. effortlessly 毫不费力地；D. barely 几乎不。根据前文
“left him with about 45 minutes before he’d have to 11 to catch his flight”可知，调音完成后他时间紧迫，
“几乎不”有时间欣赏成果，故选D。
14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他几乎没时间欣赏自己的成果，但他已经实现了自己的目标：让这架钢琴
焕然一新。A. lost 丢失；B. achieved 实现；C. revealed 揭露；D. replaced 取代。根据后文“the transformation
of the piano”及“it was again ready to be played”可知，杰克逊成功“实现”了为钢琴调音、让它恢复使用的
目标，故选B。
15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它又可以供那些在航班间隙有几分钟空闲时间的人弹奏了。A. confirm 确认；
B. promote 促进；C. spare 抽出（时间）；D. decline 拒绝。根据后文“between flights”及前文“a few
minutes”可知，此处指旅客“抽出”空闲时间弹奏钢琴，“spare time”为固定表达，意为“空闲时间”，故
选C。
16. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一段展示他清理和调音过程的视频被发布到了TikTok 上，已经收到了超过
1500 条评论。A. posted 发布；B. approved 批准；C. restricted 限制；D. updated 更新。根据后文“on
TikTok”及“received more than 1,500 17 ”可知，视频被“发布”到了平台上，故选A。
17. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一段展示他清理和调音过程的视频被发布到了TikTok 上，已经收到了超过
1500 条评论。A. diaries 日记；B. quotes 引用；C. comments 评论；D. performances 表演。根据后文“one
person wrote”及网友的留言内容可知，视频收到了大量“评论”，故选C。
18. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“很高兴这架钢琴被修复了。谢谢你给这架钢琴带来了新生，”有人写道。
A. restored 修复；B. ruined 摧毁；C. matched 匹配；D. boosted 提升。根据前文杰克逊清理灰尘、解决琴键
问题并完成调音，及后文“bringing a new life to the piano”可知，钢琴被成功“修复”，故选A。
19. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：杰克逊对一名新闻记者说：“看到人们又开始弹奏这架钢琴，我很激
动。”A. confused 困惑的；B. excited 兴奋的；C. shocked 震惊的；D. embarrassed 尴尬的。根据后文“it was
just a cool community thing to do”可知，杰克逊对自己的行为能带来积极结果感到“激动”，故选B。
20. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“钢琴调音师变得越来越稀缺，而我是少数能修好它的人之一。”A.
available 可获得的；B. accessible 易接近的；C. rare 稀有的；D. complicated 复杂的。根据后文“and I’m one
of the few who could fix it”可知，钢琴调音师的数量很少，即“越来越稀缺”，故选C。
05（25-26 高三上·天津南开·期中）I was a successful math teacher in Turkey, working with junior high
school students and then giving private lessons after school to gifted students. I 1 several medal-winning
students for mathematical Olympiads, which were very important awards in Turkey. Teaching and helping others
were always my 2 .
Then, in July 2017, my life was turned upside down. My family moved suddenly to the U.K. and I entered a
world I knew only through the movies. I’m a talkative person but I could speak to nobody. Frankly speaking, it was
like being a 3 again. I don’t want to remain in the balloon of a Turkish community abroad. I want to
understand and contribute to my newly-moved 4 and I want to teach. One of my friends advised me to
look into a special education program for English learning. I knew that learning English was the only way to 5
into the community and get back into 6 .
I excelled at each level and soon felt more 7 . My social life quickly 8 . I could talk again!
Some of my Turkish friends were impressed and have since registered with the education program for their own
English 9 .
The teacher assistant course was especially helpful. Due to the pandemic, the course was online, but it 10
my interest in the U.K. education system. I’m determined to work again in mainstream education or 11 my
own tuition center. I am currently 12 Turkish family children and volunteering in schools. The 13
of watching young students progress makes the pain of relocation (搬迁) 14 .
My motivation comes from my own parents, who always 15 me to bring out my best. I think we
should all desire to 16 every day, however small or big.
17 , I would like to thank Mrs. Nusrat Bhatti, my tutor at the program, who has always believed in
me and coached my development. Her impact on my life cannot be overstated.
Winning this 18 gives me very amazing encouragement and strong motivation to follow my dreams.
There are many other winners out there who 19 this award, so I feel fortunate to be chosen. My hope by
winning this award is that I can 20 more women like me.
1. A. blamed
B. prepared
C. asked
D. forgave
2. A. passions
B. jobs
C. headaches
D. hobbies
3. A. fool
B. teacher
C. follower
D. baby
4. A. work
B. role
C. country
D. dream
5. A. dive
B. integrate
C. run
D. rush
6. A. teaching
B. talking
C. living
D. competing
7. A. uneasy
B. confident
C. lonely
D. dependent
8. A. died
B. disappeared
C. improved
D. rose
9. A. innovation
B. literature
C. courses
D. grades
10. A. weakened
B. fascinated
C. calculated
D. motivated
11. A. lock up
B. clean up
C. fix up
D. set up
12. A. nursing
B. tutoring
C. replacing
D. feeding
13. A. satisfaction
B. process
C. idea
D. effort
14. A. turned up
B. broke down
C. fade away
D. took off
15. A. warned
B. encouraged
C. forced
D. allowed
16. A. succeed
B. struggle
C. progress
D. learn
17. A. in brief
B. in particular
C. as a result
D. in return
18. A. favor
B. gift
C. award
D. reward
19. A. earn
B. want
C. need
D. deserve
20. A. inspire
B. surprise
C. imitate
D. excite
【答案】
1. B 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. D 11. D 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. B 16. C 17.
B 18. C 19. D 20. A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一位成功的数学老师从土耳其移民到英国后，克服
语言障碍，通过努力学习英语和参与特殊教育项目，重新融入新环境并继续追求教育梦想的经历。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我培养了几位在数学奥林匹克竞赛中获奖的学生，这些奖项在土耳其是非常
重要的荣誉。A. blamed 责备；B. prepared 准备；C. asked 问；D. forgave 原谅。根据下文“several medal-
winning students for mathematical Olympiads”可知，作者作为老师，是“培养”获奖学生，故选B。
2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：教学和帮助他人一直是我的热爱所在。A. passions 热爱，激情；B. jobs 工作；
C. headaches 头痛；D. hobbies 爱好。根据上文“I was a successful math teacher in Turkey, working with junior
high school students and then giving private lessons after school to gifted students.”可知，前文提到作者是成功
的数学老师，还额外辅导学生，说明“教学和助人”是她的“热爱”，而非普通爱好。故选A。
3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：坦率地说，这就像又回到了婴儿时代。A. fool 傻瓜；B. teacher 老师；C.
follower 跟随者；D. baby 婴儿。根据上文“I’m a talkative person but I could speak to nobody. Frankly speaking,
it was like being a”可知，作者是个健谈的人，但到了英国却无法与人交流，所以感觉又回到了婴儿时代。故
选D。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想了解并为我这个新搬来的国家做出贡献，我想教书。A. work 工作；B.
role 角色；C. country 国家；D. dream 梦想。根据上文“My family moved suddenly to the U.K.”可知，作者一
家搬到了英国，所以是想为这个新搬来的国家做出贡献。故选C。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道学习英语是融入社区并重新开始教学的唯一途径。A. dive 潜水；B.
integrate 融入；C. run 奔跑；D. rush 冲。根据上文“I want to understand and contribute to my newly-moved”
和后文“into the community”可知，此处指学习英语是融入社区的唯一途径。integrate into 为固定搭配，意
为“融入……”，符合“了解新国家、做出贡献”的语境，故选B。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道学习英语是融入社区并重新开始教学的唯一途径。A. teaching 教学；
B. talking 谈话；C. living 生活；D. competing 竞争。根据上文“and I want to teach”可知，上文提到作者是数
学老师，热爱教学，因此目标是“重返教学行业”。故选A。
7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我在每个阶段都表现出色，很快就变得更有信心了。A. uneasy 不安的；B.
confident 自信的；C. lonely 孤独的；D. dependent 依赖的。根据上文“I excelled at each level and soon felt
more”可知，作者在每个阶段都表现出色，所以很快就感到更加自信。故选B。
8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的社交生活很快得到了改善。A. died 死亡；B. disappeared 消失；C.
improved 改善；D. rose 上升。根据下文“I could talk again!”可知，作者又能说话了，所以社交生活得到了
改善。故选C。
9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的一些土耳其朋友被打动了，后来也注册了这个教育项目来学习英语课程。
A. innovation 创新；B. literature 文学；C. courses 课程；D. grades 成绩。根据上文“registered with the
education program for their own English”可知，注册教育项目是为了学习英语课程。故选C。
10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于疫情，课程是在线进行的，但这激发了我对英国教育体系的兴趣。A.
weakened 削弱；B. fascinated 迷住；C. calculated 计算；D. motivated 激发。根据下文“my interest in the U.K.
education system. I’m determined to work again in mainstream education or 11 my own tuition center”可知，
作者决心重返主流教育行业，所以此处指在线课程激发了作者对英国教育体系的兴趣。故选D。
11. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我决心再次在主流教育机构工作或建立自己的辅导中心。A. lock up 锁起来；
B. clean up 清理；C. fix up 修理；D. set up 建立。根据下文“my own tuition center”可知，指作者决定建立
自己的辅导中心。故选D。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我目前正在辅导土耳其家庭的孩子，并在学校做志愿者。A. nursing 护理；
B. tutoring 辅导；C. replacing 取代；D. feeding 喂养。根据上文“I’m determined to work again in mainstream
education”和下文“Turkish family children”可知，作者决心再次在主流教育机构工作，所以此处指作者在辅
导土耳其家庭的孩子。故选B。
13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：看着年轻学生进步的满足感让搬迁的痛苦逐渐消失。A. satisfaction 满足；B.
process 过程；C. idea 想法；D. effort 努力。根据下文“of watching young students progress”可知，看着年轻
学生进步，作者感到满足。故选A。
14. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：看着年轻学生进步的满足感让搬迁的痛苦逐渐消失。A. turned up 出现；B.
broke down 出故障；C. fade away 逐渐消失；D. took off 起飞。根据上文“The 13 of watching young students
progress makes the pain of relocation”可知，看着年轻学生进步，作者感到满足，满足感会抵消搬迁的痛苦，
让痛苦“渐渐消失”。故选C。
15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的动力来自我的父母，他们总是鼓励我发挥自己的最佳水平。A. warned
警告；B. encouraged 鼓励；C. forced 强迫；D. allowed 允许。根据上文“My motivation comes from my own
parents”及下文“me to bring out my best”可知，作者的动力来自父母，所以此处指父母总是鼓励作者发挥自
己的最佳水平。故选B。
16. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我认为我们都应该渴望每天进步，无论进步大小。A. succeed 成功；B.
struggle 挣扎；C. progress 进步；D. learn 学习。根据下文“every day, however small or big”可知，作者从不
会英语到融入社区、重返教育相关工作，体现了“进步”，此处是作者的感悟，作者认为大家都应渴望每
天进步，无论进步大小。故选C。
17. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：特别要感谢我在该项目的导师努斯拉特·巴蒂夫人，她一直相信我并指导我
的发展。A. in brief 总之；B. in particular 特别；C. as a result 结果；D. in return 作为回报。根据下文“I would
like to thank Mrs. Nusrat Bhatti, my tutor at the program, who has always believed in me and coached my development.
Her impact on my life cannot be overstated”可知，下文专门感谢导师，用“特别”强调。故选B。
18. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：赢得这个奖项给了我极大的鼓励和强烈的动力去追求我的梦想。A. favor 帮
助；B. gift 礼物；C. award 奖项；D. reward 奖励。根据下文“There are many other winners out there who 19
this award”可知，还有很多其他获奖者应该得到这个奖项，所以此处指赢得奖项。故选C。
19. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：还有很多其他获奖者应该得到这个奖项，所以能被选中我感到很幸运。A.
earn 赚得；B. want 想要；C. need 需要；D. deserve 应得。根据上文“There are many other winners out there
who”和下文“this award”可知，作者认为其他获奖者也“应得”这个奖项，体现谦逊。故选D。
20. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望通过赢得这个奖项，我能激励更多像我一样的女性。A. inspire 激励；
B. surprise 使惊讶；C. imitate 模仿；D. excite 使兴奋。根据下文“more women like me”可知，作者从困境中
重新振作，希望自己的经历能“激励”他人。故选A。
06（25-26 高三上·天津·期中）Colleen and her husband were part of a group walking the Overland Track. It
was the fifth day of a 6-day walk. The 1 , who was waiting for them at the nearest camp, had 2 them
about the slippery and potentially dangerous conditions. Colleen, an experienced adventurer from Sydney, was a
naturally 3 walker. She walked in front of her husband and carefully checked the safety of the 4
when they were going down a steep slope (陡坡). Suddenly she heard a cracking sound from 5 .
“When I realized what was happening, I was 6 to a deep ditch (沟壑), my pack on my back.”
Colleen’s fall was only broken by the presence of a branch that stretched across the ditch and 7 her from
a fall that could otherwise have been deadly.
Colleen hit her head badly and went into 8 . She soon woke up and turned around to see her husband
sitting stunned on the side of the track. He had 9 fallen from the top. He had first slipped above Colleen,
and his full weight, with his pack, 10 down on top of her. He was uninjured, and Colleen was suspended on
the branch. He reached out to grab Colleen’s arm. Colleen felt so 11 , the worst physical suffering she
had ever felt in her life. She knew straight away that her arm was broken.
Her husband took her pack along with his own and together they 12 for the final three kilometers to
the camp. Once they reached the camp, the guide gave her first 13 and called for the rescue helicopter
immediately.
Colleen was 14 to the nearest hospital by helicopter. She was 15 in the hospital and
was told that her head and neck were okay, but her arm had been broken in four places.
Later, Colleen recalled with 16 . “After this personal 17 of near-death and being
saved, I realized that in some situations there’s absolutely no 18 to get to hospital, and the rescue
helicopter was the only way. At that moment, the most wonderful noise was hearing the helicopter come. The
helicopter rescue workers were so 19 , so highly skilled as well. When they arrived with the policemen,
I was never more 20 to see anyone in my whole life.”
1. A. guide
B. colleague
C. scholar
D. mentor
2. A. interviewed
B. warned
C. asked
D. taught
3. A. curious
B. independent
C. cautious
D. patient
4. A. track
B. road
C. weather
D. equipment
5. A. opposite
B. ahead
C. faraway
D. above
6. A. jumping
B. heading
C. turning
D. walking
7. A. hid
B. released
C. kept
D. pulled
8. A. shock
B. action
C. silence
D. panic
9. A. consequently
B. immediately
C. accidentally
D. eventually
10. A. lay
B. settled
C. bent
D. crashed
11. A. fearful
B. painful
C. regretful
D. pitiful
12. A. prepared
B. struggled
C. searched
D. competed
13. A. place
B. priority
C. hand
D. aid
14. A. forced
B. guided
C. rushed
D. invited
15. A. consulted
B. cured
C. assessed
D. examined
16. A. delight
B. emotion
C. sadness
D. feat
17. A. experience
B. training
C. evaluation
D. feeling
18. A. possibility
B. privilege
C. alternative
D. necessity
19. A. generous
B. insightful
C. creative
D. ethical
20. A. honored
B. grateful
C. motivated
D. confident
【答案】
1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. C 10. D 11. B 12. B 13. D 14. C 15. D 16. B 17.
A 18. C 19. A 20. B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了徒步者科琳在陡坡上失足坠崖，被树枝挂住救回一命的故事。她
的丈夫不慎滑落，落在科琳身上，但他安然无恙。他们艰难前行，获救后科琳手臂骨折。这次生死经历让
她认识到在野外救援的重要性，并对救援人员充满感激。
1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在最近营地等待他们的向导，已经警告过他们路面湿滑且可能有危险。A.
guide 向导；B. colleague 同事；C. scholar 学者；D. mentor 导师。根据后文“Once they reached the camp, the
guide gave her first ____13____ and called for the rescue helicopter immediately.”可知，在营地等待他们的是向
导。故选A 项。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在最近营地等待他们的向导，已经警告过他们路面湿滑且可能有危险。A.
interviewed 采访；B. warned 警告；C. asked 询问；D. taught 教导。根据后文“the slippery and potentially
dangerous conditions”可知，向导应该是警告他们路面湿滑且可能有危险。故选B 项。
3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：科琳是一位来自悉尼的经验丰富的冒险家，她是天生谨慎的行走者。A.
curious 好奇的；B. independent 独立的；C. cautious 谨慎的；D. patient 耐心的。根据后文“She walked in front
of her husband and carefully checked the safety of the ____4____ when they were going down a steep slope (陡坡).”可
知，科琳走路很谨慎。故选C 项。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们下陡坡时，她走在丈夫前面，仔细检查路线的安全性。A. track 路线，
小径；B. road 道路；C. weather 天气；D. equipment 设备。根据前文“walking the Overland Track”以及后文
“when they were going down a steep slope”可知，他们是在走一条路线，所以科琳检查的是路线的安全性。
故选A 项。
5. 考查形容词，副词词义辨析。句意：突然，她听到头顶上方传来破裂声。A. opposite 相反的；B. ahead 在
前面；C. faraway 遥远的；D. above 在上方。根据后文“He had first slipped above Colleen”以及“on top of
her”可知，破裂声是从她头顶上方传来的。故选D 项。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“当我意识到发生了什么时，我正朝一个深沟坠去，背上还背着包。” A.
jumping 跳跃；B. heading 朝……行进；C. turning 转动；D. walking 行走。根据后文“to a deep ditch”可知，
科琳正朝深沟坠去，heading to 符合语境。故选B 项。
7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：科琳这次摔倒幸好被一根横跨小溪的树枝挡住了，否则她可能会因此丧命。
A. hid 隐藏；B. released 释放；C. kept 阻止；D. pulled 拉。根据后文“from a fall that could otherwise have been
deadly.”可知，树枝阻止了她的继续下滑，否则，如果她继续下滑，可能会丧命。keep…from…意为“阻
止……做……某事”，符合句意 。故选C 项。
8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：科琳重重地撞到了头，陷入了休克状态。A. shock 休克；B. action 行动；C.
silence 沉默；D. panic 恐慌。根据前文“Colleen hit her head badly”以及后文“She soon woke up”可知，科琳
重重地撞到了头，随后陷入了休克状态，之后才醒来。故选A 项。
9. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他不小心从顶部掉了下来。A. consequently 因此；B. immediately 立即；C.
accidentally 意外地；D. eventually 最终。根据前文“sitting stunned on the side of the track”以及后文“He had
first slipped above Colleen”可知，科琳的丈夫是不小心（意外地）从顶部掉了下来。故选C 项。
10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他先是滑倒在科琳上方，他和背包的全部重量都砸在了她身上。A. lay 躺；
B. settled 解决；C. bent 弯曲；D. crashed 坠落，撞击。根据后文“down on top of her”可知，科琳丈夫和背包
的全部重量都砸在了她身上，crashed 符合语境。故选D 项。
11. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：科琳感到非常痛苦，这是她一生中经历过的最严重的身体痛苦。A.
fearful 害怕的；B. painful 痛苦的；C. regretful 后悔的；D. pitiful 可怜的。根据后文“the worst physical
suffering she had ever felt in her life”可知，科琳感到非常痛苦。故选B 项。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的丈夫拿起她的背包和他的背包，他们一起挣扎着走了最后三公里到达
营地。A. prepared 准备；B. struggled 挣扎；C. searched 搜索；D. competed 竞争。根据前文“the worst
physical suffering she had ever felt in her life. She knew straight away that her arm was broken.”以及后文“for the
final three kilometers to the camp”可知，科琳胳膊受伤极其严重，所以他们是一起挣扎着走了最后三公里到
达营地。故选B 项。
13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们一到达营地，向导立即对她进行了急救，并呼叫了救援直升机。A.
place 地方；B. priority 优先权；C. hand 手；D. aid 援助。根据后文“ called for the rescue helicopter
immediately”可知，向导对科琳进行了急救，first aid“急救”。故选D 项。
14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：科琳被直升机紧急送往最近的医院。A. forced 强迫；B. guided 指导；C.
rushed 匆忙送往；D. invited 邀请。根据后文“to the nearest hospital by helicopter”以及前文提到的科琳受伤严
重可知，科琳是被直升机紧急送往最近的医院。故选C 项。
15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在医院接受了检查，被告知她的头和脖子没事，但她的手臂四处骨折。
A. consulted 咨询；B. cured 治愈；C. assessed 评估；D. examined 检查。根据后文“and was told that her head
and neck were okay, but her arm had been broken in four places”可知，科琳在医院接受了检查。故选D 项。
16. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，科琳满怀深情地回忆。A. delight 高兴；B. emotion 感情；C. sadness
悲伤；D. feat 功绩。根据后文科琳的回忆内容可知，她是带着感情回忆的。故选B 项。
17. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在经历了这次濒死和获救的个人经历后，我意识到在某些情况下，绝对没
有其他办法去医院，救援直升机是唯一的方法。A. experience 经历；B. training 训练；C. evaluation 评价；D.
feeling 感觉。根据前文科琳的遭遇可知，这是一次个人经历。故选A 项。
18. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在经历了这次濒死和获救的个人经历后，我意识到在某些情况下，去医院
是别无选择的，救援直升机是唯一的方法。A. possibility 可能性；B. privilege 特权；C. alternative 选择；D.
necessity 必要性。根据后文“the rescue helicopter was the only way”可知，在某些情况下，绝对没有其他办
法去医院，救援直升机是唯一可选择的途径。故选C 项。
19. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：直升机救援人员非常慷慨，技术也非常高超。A. generous 仁慈的；B.
insightful 有洞察力的；C. creative 有创造力的；D. ethical 道德的。根据后文“so highly skilled as well”以及科
琳对救援人员的感激之情可知，直升机救援人员非常仁慈的，技术也非常高超。故选A 项。
20. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他们和警察一起来的时候，我这辈子见到任何人都没有这么感激过。
A. honored 荣幸的；B. grateful 感激的；C. motivated 有动力的；D. confident 自信的。根据前文“At that
moment, the most wonderful noise was hearing the helicopter come. The helicopter rescue workers were
so ____19____ , so highly skilled as well.”可知，科琳受伤了，所以对急救人员和警察的到来是感激不已。故
选B 项。
07（25-26高三上·天津·月考）It was a tiring day. Carl had been picking up and 1 passengers the whole
day and was heading home. On the way, he noticed a woman, who was rushing to every car passing by her and trying to
2
one. Her behavior was so 3 that she almost got hit. But people might be frightened by her 4 and no on
e pulled up. The woman picked up the boy lying on the bench behind her and stood there 5 . So Carl slowed
down and 6 them to figure it out.
“Can I help you, madam?” Carl asked. The woman nodded and said 7 , “Go to the nearest hospital!”
Later Carl learned the woman’s son Tyler suffered a congenital (先天的) heart attack. He got 8 and took
them all the way to 9 time.
Minutes later, they arrived. Tyler was sent inside for 10 as the woman waited outside. Meanwhile,
hungry and 11 , Carl stayed until the doctors gave an update on the boy. “Mrs. Thomas, your son is out
of 12 now,” a doctor said. Mrs. Thomas turned to Carl, thanking him and then trying to pay Carl for the
car fare, but he 13 it and said, “No fares are for those making trips to the hospital — this is my 14
.”
18 years later, retired Carl booked a taxi to the hospital for some tests. In the car, the young driver said, “Sir,
all the trips I make to the hospital are free!” Carl never 15 to meet a driver like him. “But 16
?” Carl asked curiously. The young driver replied, “Because a taxi driver once 17 me when I had a heart
attack and he never 18 for trips to the hospital. His 19 inspires me, so I do the same”
“What’s your name, young man?” “My name is Tyler.” Carl didn’t speak, just shedding tears of 20 along
the way.
1. A. caring for
B. taking in
C. dropping off
D. turning down
2. A. stop
B. test
C. purchase
D. involve
3. A. typical
B. flexible
C. aggressive
D. risky
4. A. courage
B. madness
C. effort
D. impoliteness
5. A. helplessly
B. unwillingly
C. uncertainly
D. informally
6. A. begged
B. amused
C. approached
D. interrupted
7. A. thoughtfully
B. urgently
C. honestly
D. sharply
8. A. annoyed
B. embarrassed
C. ashamed
D. anxious
9. A. race against
B. kill
C. extend
D. play for
10. A. investigation
B. treatment
C. adjustment
D. preservation
11. A. awkward
B. proud
C. tired
D. curious
12. A. touch
B. sight
C. danger
D. power
13. A. refused
B. pulled
C. counted
D. replaced
14. A. demand
B. instinct
C. ability
D. policy
15. A. volunteered
B. failed
C. prepared
D. expected
16. A. what
B. why
C. how
D. who
17. A. cured
B. comforted
C. accompanied
D. saved
18. A. charged
B. paid
C. maintained
D. invested
19. A. loyalty
B. recognition
C. kindness
D. success
20. A. relief
B. joy
C. sorrow
D. regret
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. D 9. A 10. B 11. C 12. C 13. A 14. D 15. D 16. B 17. D 18.
A 19. C 20. B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述出租车司机Carl 在疲惫的一天中，紧急送突发心脏病的男孩Tyler 去医
院并拒绝收费，18 年后退休的Carl 去医院时，遇到免费接送就医者的年轻司机，发现对方正是当年的
Tyler，善意得以传承的故事。
1. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：Carl 一整天都在接客、送客，正要回家。A. caring for 照顾；B. taking in 吸收；
C. dropping off 送下车；D. turning down 拒绝。根据后文（最后一段中）“Because a taxi driver once”可知，
Carl 是出租车司机，出租车司机的工作是“接客（picking up）”和“送客（dropping off）”，两者并列，
符合职业场景。故选C 项。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：路上，他看到一个女人，冲向每一辆经过的车，试图拦下一辆。A. stop 停下
B. test 测试；C. purchase 购买；D. involve 涉及。根据前文“who was rushing to every car passing by her”可知，
女人的孩子急需就医，冲向车辆是为了“拦下”一辆车，“stop one”（拦下一辆车）符合紧急求助的语境。
故选A 项。
3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的行为太危险了，差点被车撞到。A. typical 典型的；B. flexible 灵活的；
C. aggressive 挑衅的；D. risky 危险的。根据后文“almost got hit”说明她的行为有“危险”，“risky”符合语
境。故选D 项。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但人们可能被她的疯狂举动吓到，没人停车。A. courage 勇气；B. madness 疯
狂（此处指行为失控的样子）；C. effort 努力；D. impoliteness 不礼貌。根据前文“who was rushing to every
car passing by her”可知，女人“冲向每辆车”的行为看起来失控，像“疯狂”的举动，导致他人不敢停车，
“madness”符合他人对其行为的观感。故选B 项。
5. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：女人抱起躺在身后长椅上的男孩，无助地站在那里。A. helplessly 无助地；B.
unwillingly 不情愿地；C. uncertainly 不确定地；D. informally 非正式地。拦不到车且孩子急需就医，女人此
时应是“无助的”，“helplessly”符合其绝望又无措的状态。故选A 项。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是Carl 放慢车速，靠近他们想弄清楚情况。A. begged 乞求；B. amused 逗
乐；C. approached 靠近；D. interrupted 打断。根据前文“So Carl slowed down”可知，Carl 放慢车速后，需要
“靠近”才能和女人沟通，了解情况，“approached”符合动作逻辑。故选C 项。
7. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：女人点头，急切地说：“去最近的医院！”A. thoughtfully 深思熟虑地；B.
urgently 急切地；C. honestly 诚实地；D. sharply 尖锐地。根据后文“Later Carl learned the woman’s son Tyler
suffered a congenital (先天的) heart attack.”可知，孩子突发心脏病，女人的语气必然“急切”，“urgently”符
合紧急情境。故选B 项。
8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很着急，一路送他们，与时间赛跑。A. annoyed 恼怒的；B. embarrassed
尴尬的；C. ashamed 羞愧的；D. anxious 着急的。根据前文“Later Carl learned the woman’s son Tyler suffered a
congenital (先天的) heart attack.”可知，得知孩子有先天心脏病，Carl 会为孩子的情况“着急”，“anxious”
符合他关心孩子的心态。故选D 项。
9. 考查动词（短语）辨析。句意：他很着急，一路送他们，与时间赛跑。A. race against 与……赛跑；B.
kill 杀死；C. extend 延长；D. play for 为……而战。根据常识可知，送急诊病人需要尽快，即“与时间赛
跑”，“race against time”是固定搭配，符合语境。故选A 项。
10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Tyler 被送进去接受治疗，女人在外面等。A. investigation 调查；B.
treatment 治疗；C. adjustment 调整；D. preservation 保护。根据前文“Minutes later, they arrived.”可知，孩子
突发心脏病，到医院后需立即“治疗”，“treatment”符合医疗场景。故选B 项。
11. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，又饿又累的Carl 一直等到医生告知男孩的最新情况。A.
awkward 尴尬的；B. proud 骄傲的；C. tired 疲惫的；D. curious 好奇的。文章开头提到“It was a tiring day”，
此处“tired”与前文呼应，体现Carl 的疲惫状态。故选C 项。
12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“Thomas 太太，您的儿子现在脱离危险了。”医生说。A. touch 触摸；B.
sight 视力；C. danger 危险；D. power 力量。根据前文“until the doctors gave an update on the boy.”以及后文
“Mrs. Thomas turned to Carl, thanking him”可知，男孩脱离了危险，“out of danger”是固定短语，意为“脱
离危险”，符合医生告知病情好转的语境。故选C 项。
13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Thomas 太太转向Carl，向他道谢，然后想付车费，但他拒绝了。A. refused
拒绝；B. pulled 拉；C. counted 数；D. replaced 代替。根据后文““No fares are for those making trips to the
hospital”可知，说明他“拒绝”了车费，“refused”符合语境。故选A 项。
14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“去医院的行程不收钱——这是我的规矩。”A. demand 要求；B. instinct 本
能；C. ability 能力；D. policy 原则、规矩。根据前文“No fares are for those making trips to the hospital”可知，
Carl 拒绝收就医车费，将其视为自己的“规矩”，“policy”此处指个人坚持的原则，符合语境。故选D 项。
15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Carl 从未料到会遇到像他这样的司机。A. volunteered 自愿；B. failed 失败；
C. prepared 准备；D. expected 预料。根据前文“18 years later, retired Carl booked a taxi to the hospital for some
tests. In the car, the young driver said, “Sir, all the trips I make to the hospital are free!””可知，Carl 退休后打车，
没想到遇到免费送医的司机，“expected”（预料）符合“意外遇到”的语境，“never expected”表示“从未
预料到”。故选D 项。
16. 考查疑问词词义辨析。句意：Carl 好奇地问：“但为什么呢？”A. what 什么；B. why 为什么；C. how
如何；D. who 谁。前文司机说“去医院的行程免费”，Carl 好奇原因，用“why”提问，符合逻辑。故选B
项。
17. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：年轻司机回答：“因为我小时候心脏病发作时，有个出租车司机救了我，
而且去医院的行程他一分钱没收。”A. cured 治愈；B. comforted 安慰；C. accompanied 陪伴；D. saved 拯救
Carl 当年送Tyler 及时就医，相当于“救”了他，“saved”符合对Carl 行为的描述。故选D 项。
18. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：年轻司机回答：“因为我小时候心脏病发作时，有个出租车司机救了我，
而且去医院的行程他一分钱没收。”A. charged 收费；B. paid 支付；C. maintained 维持；D. invested 投资。
根据前文““No fares”可知，Carl 没有“收”任何费用。故选A 项。
19. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的善意激励了我，所以我也这么做。A. loyalty 忠诚；B. recognition 认可；
C. kindness 善意；D. success 成功。根据前文分析可知，Carl 免费送医的行为是“善意”的体现，
“kindness”符合对其品质的描述，也是激励Tyler 的核心原因。故选C 项。
20. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Carl 没有说话，一路上只是流着喜悦的眼泪。A. relief 缓解；B. joy 喜悦；
C. sorrow 悲伤；D. regret 后悔。Carl 发现自己当年的善意被传承，且救过的孩子如今帮助他人，内心应是
“喜悦”的，结合前文“just shedding tears”，“joy”符合其情绪。故选B 项。
08（25-26 高三上·天津·期中）British Cycling had recently hired Dave Brailsford as its new director. At the
time, professional cyclists in Great Britain had 1 nearly one hundred years of mediocrity (平庸). In fact,
their 2 had been so poor that one of the top bike companies in Europe 3 to sell bikes to the
team because they were afraid that it would hurt sales if other professionals saw the British people using their bikes.
What made Brailsford different from previous coaches was his 4 of searching for a tiny improvement in
everything they do. The whole principle came from the 5 that if you broke down everything that goes into
riding a bike, improve it by 1 percent and you will get a 6 increase when you put them all together.
Brailsford and his coaches began by making small 7 . They redesigned the bike seats to make them
more 8 . They asked riders to wear electrically heated over-shorts to 9 ideal muscle temperature
while riding and used biofeedback sensors (传感器) to 10 how each athlete 11 a particular
workout.
But they didn’t stop there. They 12 to find 1 percent improvements in overlooked areas. They hired a(n)
13
to teach each rider the best way to wash their hands to reduce the 14 of catching a cold. They 15
painted the inside of the team truck white, which helped them 16 little bits of dust 17 but could
affect the performance of the finely tuned (被调试的) bikes.
As these and hundreds of other small improvements were 18 the results came faster than anyone
could have 19 . Just five years after Brailsford took over, they 20 the road and track cycling
events in all the important Games.
1. A. lost
B. enjoyed
C. showed
D. suffered
2. A. score
B. track
C. performance
D. model
3. A. offered
B. refused
C. expected
D. pretended
4. A. promise
B. opinion
C. dream
D. philosophy
5. A. idea
B. motive
C. process
D. routine
6. A. flexible
B. convenient
C. significant
D. random
7. A. differences
B. adjustments
C. programs
D. efforts
8. A. attractive
B. empty
C. ugly
D. comfortable
9. A. maintain
B. raise
C. reduce
D. discover
10. A. change
B. monitor
C. manage
D. produce
11. A. reflected on
B. got across
C. responded to
D. approved of
12. A. continued
B. happened
C. learned
D. bothered
13. A. coach
B. secretary
C. assistant
D. surgeon
14. A. sessions
B. chances
C. records
D. reactions
15. A. never
B. seldom
C. hardly
D. even
16. A. gather
B. realize
C. spot
D. send
17. A. surrounded
B. unnoticed
C. removed
D. discovered
18. A. put out
B. picked up
C. built up
D. figured out
19. A. achieved
B. remembered
C. mentioned
D. imagined
20. A. dominated
B. witnessed
C. celebrated
D. attended
【答案】
1. D 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. D 9. A 10. B 11. C 12.
A 13. D 14. B 15. D 16. C 17. B 18. C 19. D 20. A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了英国自行车队在戴夫・布雷尔斯福德的带领下，通过追求每一个
细节的1%改进，从百年平庸走向赛事主导地位的故事，凸显了“积少成多”的成功理念。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时，英国职业自行车手已经经历了近百年的平庸。A. lost 失去；B.
enjoyed 享受；C. showed 展示；D. suffered 遭受、经历。根据下文“ nearly one hundred years of
mediocrity (平庸)”及“because they were afraid that it would hurt sales if other professionals saw the
British people using their bikes.”可知自行车公司担心影响销量，所以推断英国车队长期处于不佳状态，
“suffered” 能体现这种“承受平庸”的状态。故选D 项。
2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，他们的表现非常糟糕，以至于欧洲一家顶级自行车公司拒绝向该团
队出售自行车，因为他们担心如果其他专业人士看到英国人使用他们的自行车，这将影响他们的销售。A.
score 分数；B. track 轨道；C. performance 表现；D. model 模型。根据下文“because they were afraid that
it would hurt sales if other professionals saw the British people using their bikes.”可知自行车公司担心
影响销量，可推断英国车队的“表现”太差。故选 C 项。
3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. offered 提供；B. refused 拒绝；C. expected 期待；D. pretended 假
装。根据下文“afraid that it would hurt sales”可知，公司因担心影响自身销量，不会愿意提供自行车，
而是“拒绝”售车。故选B 项。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：布雷尔斯福德与前几任教练的不同之处在于，他的理念是在每一件事上寻求
微小的改进。A. promise 承诺；B. opinion 观点；C. dream 梦想；D. philosophy 理念、信条。根据下文“if
you broke down everything that goes into riding a bike, improve it by 1 percent”可知分解所有因素、各
改进1%再整合，这是一套完整的行事原则，“philosophy”更贴合“核心理念”的含义。故选D 项。
5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：整个原则源于一个想法：如果你分解骑行相关的所有因素，每项改进1%，
整合起来就会有显著提升。A. idea 想法、理念；B. motive 动机；C. process 过程；D. routine 惯例。根据
下文“
if you broke down everything that goes into riding a bike, improve it by I percent
you will get a 6 increase when you put them all together.”可知是对“1%改进”原则的具体解释，属
于一种核心“想法”。故选A 项。
6. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. flexible 灵活的；B. convenient 方便的；C. significant 显著的；
D. random 随机的。根据下文“when you put them all together”可知，多个1%的改进叠加，最终会形成
显著的整体提升，与后文车队的成功呼应，符合逻辑。故选C 项。
7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：布雷尔斯福德和他的教练们从微小的调整开始。A. differences 差异；B.
adjustments 调整；C. programs 项目；D. efforts 努力。根据下文“They redesigned the bike seats to make
them more 8 . They asked riders to wear electrically heated over-shorts to 9 ideal muscle
temperature while riding and used biofeedback sensors (传感器) to 10 how each athlete 11 a
particular workout.”重新设计座椅、使用传感器等细节可知，他们做的是具体的“调整”。故选B 项。
8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们重新设计了自行车座椅，使其更舒适。A. attractive 有吸引力的；B.
empty 空的；C. ugly 丑陋的；D. comfortable 舒适的。根据上文“They redesigned the bike seats”和常识
重新设计座椅的核心目的是提升骑行体验，“舒适的”是最贴合实际需求的改进方向。故选D 项。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他要求骑手们穿着电加热的超短裤，以保持骑行时的理想肌肉温度，并使用
生物反馈传感器来监测每位运动员对特定训练的反应。A. maintain 维持；B. raise 提高；C. reduce 降低；D.
discover 发现。根据上文“They asked riders to wear electrically heated over-shorts”可知是为了保持理想
的肌肉温度，“maintain”符合“维持最佳状态”的语境。故选A 项。
10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. change 改变；B. monitor 监测；C. manage 管理；D. produce 生产
根据上文“used biofeedback sensors”和常识可知传感器的功能是收集数据、观察状态，即“监测”运动员
的反应。故选B 项。
11. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. reflected on 思考；B. got across 传达；C. responded to 对……反
应；D. approved of 赞成。根据上文“used biofeedback sensors”和下文“a particular workout”可知是用
传感器捕捉运动员对特定训练的反应数据。故选C 项。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们继续在被忽视的领域寻找1%的改进。A. continued 继续；B. happened
发生；C. learned 学习；D. bothered 费心。根据上文“didn’t stop there”可知，他们在基础改进后“继
续”深入挖掘其他领域，符合“持续追求改进”的核心逻辑。故选A 项。
13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们聘请了一位外科医生教每位骑手最有效的洗手方法，以减少感冒的几
率。A. coach 教练；B. secretary 秘书；C. assistant 助手；D. surgeon 外科医生。根据下文“teach each rider
the best way to wash their hands to reduce the 14 of catching a cold.”可知，是教洗手以预防感冒涉
及卫生健康知识，应是外科医生。故选D 项。
14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. sessions 会议；B. chances 几率、机会；C. records 记录；D.
reactions 反应。根据上文文“teach each rider the best way to wash their hands to reduce ”可知请外科
医生教洗手的目的是降低“感冒的几率”，“chances of catching a cold”为固定表达。故选B 项。
15. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们甚至把车队卡车的内部漆成白色，这样就能发现那些未被注意到的微
小灰尘，但这些灰尘可能会影响精心调试的自行车的性能。A. never 从不；B. seldom 很少；C. hardly 几乎
不；D. even 甚至。根据下文“painted the inside of the team truck white”可知是将卡车内部刷成白色，
这是极易被忽视的细节，用“even”强调他们的改进已深入到极致细微的层面，语气递进。故选D 项。
16. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. gather 收集；B. realize 意识到；C. spot 发现、察觉；D. send 发
送。根据上文“painted the inside of the team truck white”可知把卡车内壁刷成白色能让灰尘更显眼，便
于“发现”灰尘。故选C 项。
17. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. surrounded 被包围的；B. unnoticed 未被注意到的；C. removed
被移除的；D. discovered 被发现的。根据上文“little bits of dust”和常识可知灰尘“微小”，原本是“未
被注意到的”，车内壁刷成白色正是为了让其显现。故选B 项。
18. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着这些以及数百项其他微小改进的积累，结果比任何人想象的都来得快。
A. put out 扑灭；B. picked up 捡起；C. built up 积累；D. figured out 弄明白。多项微小改进叠加，属
于 “积累” 的过程，最终促成质变，“built up” 符合 “积少成多” 的逻辑。故选C 项。
19. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着这些以及数百项其他微小改进的积累，结果比任何人想象的都来得快。
A. achieved 实现；B. remembered 记得；C. mentioned 提及；D. imagined 想象。根据文章开头“At the
time, professional cyclists in Great Britain had 1 nearly one hundred years of mediocrity (平庸). ”可知
车队此前百年平庸，没人能想到改进效果如此显著，“imagined” 体现“超出预期”的含义。故选D 项。
20. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：布雷尔斯福德接手仅五年后，他们就主导了所有重要赛事的公路和场地自
行车项目。A. dominated 主导；B. witnessed 目睹；C. celebrated 庆祝；D. attended 参加。根据上文“As
these and hundreds of other small improvements were 19 the results came faster than anyone could have
20 .”可知数百项其他微小改进的积累，结果超出预期，所以车队从平庸走向成功，“主导”赛事最能体
现其顶尖地位。故选A 项。
