【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
考点分类练(六) 推理判断题(4)
Passage 1 (2024 安徽安庆二模)
主题:冬季度假的去处和活动 词数:265
难度:★★☆☆☆
Winter vacations don’t have to be about snow.From scenic coastal journeys to wildlife
watching,we have found a trip for every type of winter wanderer.Here’re some hot spots.
Road-trip down Oregon’s scenic coast
One of Oregon’s Seven Wonders,this 363-mile stretch of coastline is filled with
landscapes,waves,headlands,and winter storms.There’s no shortage of stops on the scenic
route from Astoria to Brookings.Visit coastal communities,spot sea lions at Shore Acres State
Park,watch dancing jellyfish at the Oregon Coast Aquarium,and explore 79 state parks.
Enjoy the light show in San Antonio,Texas
From late November to early January,millions of twinkling lights decorate the San
Antonio River Walk in an eye-catching display.Riverboats carrying diverse mix of bell
choirs,folk groups,and Latino bands fill the air with carols on evenings through late
December.
Soak in New Mexico’s natural hot springs
With more than 300 days of sunshine a year,5 national forests,and 17 national parks and
monuments,New Mexico is a paradise(乐园) of outdoor adventure.After an active day,loosen
up your muscles in comfortable mineral springs.
Celebrate New Year’s Day with the mummers (哑剧演员) in Philadelphia
On New Year’s Day,thousands of brightly costumed people take to the streets of
Philadelphia for the annual Mummers Parade,the oldest continuous folk parade in the
U.S.The people line the streets of the City of Brotherly Love from JFK Boulevard down
Broad Street to watch the mummers flood the city in an explosion of color,music,and dance.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要为读者介绍了一些冬季度假的热门去处和
活动。
1.Where should visitors go if they want to explore coastal life?
A.Oregon.
B.San Antonio.
C.New Mexico.
D.Philadelphia.
答案 A
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段的“One of Oregon’s Seven Wonders,this 363-mile stretch
of coastline is filled with landscapes,waves,headlands,and winter storms.”可知,如果游客想
探索海岸生活,他们应该去俄勒冈州。
2.What is the right time for enjoying the light show?
A.October 26.
B.November 1.
C.December 16.
D.February 4.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段的“From late November to early January,millions of
twinkling lights decorate the San Antonio River Walk in an eye-catching display.Riverboats
carrying diverse mix of bell choirs,folk groups,and Latino bands fill the air with carols on
evenings through late December.”可知,灯光秀的时间是11 月末到1 月初,结合选项可知
12 月16 日最适合。
3.Where is the text most probably taken from?
A.A history book.
B.A travel brochure.
C.A course plan.
D.An art journal.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段“Winter vacations don’t have to be about snow.From
scenic coastal journeys to wildlife watching,we have found a trip for every type of winter
wanderer.Here’re some hot spots.”可知,这篇文章介绍的是旅游目的地和活动,因此它可能
来自一本旅游手册。
Passage 2 (2024 陕西宝鸡二模)
主题:研究发现 词数:365 难度:★★★☆☆
Smartphones provide a palm(手掌)-size window to the world,enabling us to do almost
anything at the touch of a button.Smart homes look after themselves,and virtual meetings
mean that for many,time spent commuting is a thing of the past.
So we should have more free time.Time which is now spent sleeping,relaxing or simply
doing nothing—right? We recently interviewed 300 people across Europe to understand how
they used digital devices in day-to-day life.This research showed that people want to avoid
empty periods of time in their lives,so they fill those periods performing tasks,some of which
wouldn’t be possible without technology.
Whether it was waiting for a bus,waking in the morning,or lying in bed at night,our
research reported that time which would previously be “empty” was now filled with brain
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
training apps,creating lists of things they should do or try based on their social media
feed,and other life admin.
On the face of it some of these tasks may seem like examples of tech saving us time.In
theory,online banking should mean I have more time because I no longer need to go to the
bank in my lunch break.However,our research suggests that this is not the case.
If the idea that you have more time than ever before is making you choke on your
coffee,you are not alone.There is growing evidence that while digital technology may help us
to save some time,we end up using that time to do more and more things.For many people,it
is no longer enough to simply eat dinner,watch TV or maybe do an exercise class.Instead,in
an attempt to avoid wasting time,these activities are performed while also browsing the web
in search of the ingredients for a more perfect life and trying to develop a sense of
achievement.
It seems that people still see going for a walk or actually being with friends as more
valuable than being online.Maybe if we put down the phone a little more,we would have the
time to actually cook those recipes we watch online.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表明智能家居让我们有更多的空闲时间,但
不想浪费时间的人们希望避免生活中的空闲时间,会去做更多的事情。
4.What conclusion can be drawn in the first paragraph?
A.Technology makes our lives easier.
B.We can’t live well without modern technology.
C.Virtual meeting is a thing of the past.
D.A smart home offers you luxury and convenience.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。由第一段“Smartphones provide a palm-size window to the
world,enabling us to do almost anything at the touch of a button.Smart homes look after
themselves,and virtual meetings mean that for many,time spent commuting is a thing of the
past.”可知,科技在许多方面让我们的生活更轻松。
5.What does the research find about free time?
A.It is an essential means of relaxation.
B.It does good to perform daily tasks.
C.It is secretly stolen by technology.
D.It forces people to do more work.
答案 C
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
解析 细节理解题。由第五段中“There is growing evidence that while digital technology
may help us to save some time,we end up using that time to do more and more things.”可知,
空闲时间是被技术秘密窃取的。
6.What does the example of online banking tell us?
A.It’s not too late to get free time back.
B.Lunch break can be saved by online banking.
C.Doing little or nothing is sometimes OK.
D.Technology leads to a denser form of life.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。由第四段中“In theory,online banking should mean I have more time
because I no longer need to go to the bank in my lunch break.However,our research suggests
that this is not the case.”和第五段中“There is growing evidence that while digital
technology may help us to save some time,we end up using that time to do more and more
things.”可知,网上银行本意味着人们有更多的空闲时间,但事实并非如此,因为人们会利
用这些空闲时间做越来越多的事情,可得出网上银行的例子告诉我们科技带来更密集的
生活形式。
7.Who are the target readers of the text?
A.Students in online learning.
B.Employees working in the bank.
C.People relying on digital devices.
D.Researchers in the technological lab.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。由第二段中“This research showed that people want to avoid empty
periods of time in their lives,so they fill those periods performing tasks,some of which
wouldn’t be possible without technology.”和第五段中“There is growing evidence that
while digital technology may help us to save some time,we end up using that time to do more
and more things.”和全文可知,技术虽替人们秘密窃取了一些空闲时间,但人们会利用这
些空闲时间执行与技术相关的任务,再结合最后一段中“Maybe if we put down the phone
a little more,we would have the time to actually cook those recipes we watch online.”可知,文
章呼吁大家放下手机,可得出文章的目标读者是依赖数字设备的人。
Passage 3 (2024 辽宁大连一模)
主题:《爱因斯坦革命》 词数:332 难度:★★★★★
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
German physicist Albert Einstein is one of the most famous scientists of all time,the
personification of genius and the subject of a whole industry of scholarship.In The
Einsteinian Revolution,two experts on Einstein’s life and his theory of relativity―Israeli
physicist Hanoch Gutfreund and German historian of science Jurgen Renn—offer an original
and penetrating(厚利的) analysis of Einstein’s revolutionary contributions to physics and our
view of the physical world.
By setting Einstein’s work in the long course of the evolution of scientific
knowledge,Gutfreund and Renn discover the popular misconception of Einstein as an
unconventional scientific genius who single-handedly created modern physics—and by pure
thought alone.
As a large part of the book explains,Einstein typically argued that science progresses
through steady evolution,not through revolutionary breaks with the past.He saw his theory of
relativity not as something from scratch,but a natural extension of the classical physics
developed by pioneers such as Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei and English physicist Isaac
Newton in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries,as well as nineteenth-century physicists.
The authors highlight how classical physics cannot be separated cleanly from modern
Einsteinian physics.The book also includes substantial sections on Polish astronomer
Nicolaus Copernicus and Galileo whose methods inspired Einstein.When Einstein considered
himself as standing on their shoulders,he meant that,without their contributions,he would not
have formulated(阐述) the theory of relativity.
The Einsteinian Revolution is an important and thought-provoking contribution to the
scholarly literature on Einstein and his surprising scientific creativity between 1905 and
1925.Gutfreund and Renn might not have given the final answer as to why Einstein,of all
people,revolutionized physics in the way that he did.But they argue in fascinating detail
that,to understand his genius,one must take into account not just the earlier history of physics
but also the history of knowledge more broadly.Although not always an easy read,the book
will interest physicists and historians alike.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍和评价一本关于爱因斯坦及其相对论
的书《爱因斯坦革命》。
8.Where is the text most probably taken from?
A.An essay on Albert Einstein.
B.An introduction to a book.
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
C.A guidebook to a course.
D.A review of physics development.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中“In The Einsteinian Revolution,two experts on
Einstein’s life and his theory of relativity—Israeli physicist Hanoch Gutfreund and German
historian of science Jurgen Renn—offer an original and penetrating analysis of Einstein’s
revolutionary contributions to physics and our view of the physical world.”、第三段中“As
a large part of the book explains,Einstein typically argued that science progresses through
steady evolution,not through revolutionary breaks with the past.”以及最后一段中
“Although not always an easy read,the book will interest physicists and historians alike.”可
知,全文都是围绕这本书来写的,所以文章最有可能来自一本书的介绍。
9.What’s the attitude of Gutfreund and Renn to the popular viewpoint on Einstein?
A.Unclear.
B.Favorable.
C.Dismissive.
D.Opposing.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段内容可推知,他们俩对关于爱因斯坦的普遍观点持反对
态度。
10.What does the underlined phrase “from
scratch
” probably mean?
A.Up to standard.
B.From nothing.
C.By learning from others.
D.With previous knowledge.
答案 B
解析 词句猜测题。根据第三段画线词上文“Einstein typically argued that science
progresses through steady evolution,not through revolutionary breaks with the past”以及下文
“but a natural extension of the classical physics developed by pioneers such as Italian
astronomer Galileo Galilei and English physicist Isaac Newton in the sixteenth and
seventeenth centuries,as well as nineteenth-century physicists”可知,他认为他的相对论不是
从零开始的。故可猜测画线短语from scratch 为“从头开始”的意思,与B 项From
nothing“从无到有,从零开始”意思一致。
11.What does the author mean to say by mentioning the famous physicists?
A.Their ideas were rejected by Einstein.
B.Their devotion to physics impressed Einstein.
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
【www.xue-ba.org 12 年学霸网】
C.Their researches contributed to Einstein’s success.
D.Their hard work deserved the worldwide respect.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中“The book also includes substantial sections on Polish
astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus and Galileo...the theory of relativity.”可推知,作者提到这
些著名的物理学家是为了说明这些物理学家的研究促成了爱因斯坦的成功。
