第05 讲 动词和动词短语
目录
01 课标达标练
考向01 考查动词
考向02 考查动词短语
02 核心突破练
03 真题溯源练
考向01 考查动词
在空白处填入括号内单词的适当形式。
1. （24-25 高三上· 湖北荆州· 阶段练习）Dr Jessica Fisher, study co-author, pointed out these results
could________ (apply) in future practice. In his opinion, when it comes to enjoying a hike in the woods
or a picnic under the open skies, it pays to keep not only one’s eyes and ears, but also one’s nose, open.
【答案】be applied
【详解】 考查动词词义及在复杂下的用法。句意：该研究的合著者Jessica Fisher 博士指出，这些结果可
以应用于未来的实践。these results 与apply 是动宾关系，应用被动语态；情态动词could 后接动词原形。故
填be applied。
2.（2025·江西南昌·模拟预测）Ramen noodles, based on southern Chinese noodle dishes from Guangzhou but
named after the northern Chinese lamian, (become) common in Japan in the 1900s.
【答案】became
【详解】考查系动词的时态。句意：同上。事情发生在过去，时态用一般过去时。故填became。
【思维建模】判断动词的类别掌握相应动词的用法，是语法填空涉及动词题的解题首选思路。系动词没有
被动语态是本题的语态判断依据。
3.（2025·福建泉州·模拟预测）All the pictures (take) last year, when photographers from the area
embarked on a remarkable journey spanning more than 5,000 kilometers.
【答案】were taken
【详解】考查动词。句意：所有的照片都是去年拍摄的，当时来自该地区的摄影师们开启了一段跨越5000
多公里的非凡旅程。根据时间状语last year 可知，此处应用一般过去时，主语All the pictures 与动词take 之
间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语是复数，be 动词用were。故填were taken。
4.（24-25 高三下·黑龙江哈尔滨·阶段练习）The film (receive) high praise from critics and viewers
for its creative integration of cultural heritage and modern storytelling since its release. In many ways, NeZha 2 is
more than just a film; it’s a cultural milestone.
【答案】 has received
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自上映以来，这部电影因其将文化遗产与现代叙事的创造性结合而
受到评论家和观众的高度赞扬。由since 可知，句子时态是现在完成时，主语The film 是单数，因此空格处
是has received。故填has received。
5.（2025·四川巴中·一模）By combining traditional cultural elements with modern technology, Black Myth:
Wukong effectively (bridge) the gap between Eastern and Western artistic expressions.
【答案】bridges
【详解】考查动词熟词生义与时态和主谓一致。句意：《黑神话：悟空》将传统文化元素与现代科技相结
合，有效地弥合了东西方艺术表现之间的鸿沟。句子主语是“Black Myth: Wukong”，为单数，此处描述一
般事实，用一般现在时，所以谓语动词bridge 用第三人称单数形式 bridges。故填bridges。
6.（2025·山西·一模）The connection between Irish and Chinese music is long-standing. In the 1980s, The
Chieftains, a celebrated Irish group, (perform) in China, introducing millions to Irish music. Their
collaboration with Chinese musicians symbolized the harmony of both cultures.
【答案】performed
【详解】考查时态。句意：20 世纪80 年代，著名的爱尔兰乐队The Chieftains 在中国演出，将数百万人介
绍给爱尔兰音乐。空处为句子谓语动词，根据上文In the 1980s 可知为一般过去时。故填performed。
7.（2025·河南信阳·模拟）Players from different cultures are interested, despite the story’s deep roots in Chinese
myths. Up till now, some (inspire) to read the original novel to understand the game’s narrative better.
【答案】have been inspired
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，一些人已经受到鼓舞去阅读原著，以便更好地理解游戏的
叙事。根据时间状语“Up till now”可知，这里表示动作从过去一直持续到现在，并且还有可能继续下去，
应用现在完成时。主语some(指人)和inspire 之间是动宾关系，所以应用被动语态，助动词用have。故填
have been inspired。
8.（2025·山东·模拟预测）These robots were developed by Unitree, a Chinese robotics company. In fact, this
company (throw) itself into robotics research in 2016.
【答案】threw
【导语】考查动词。句意：事实上，这家公司早在2016 年就投身于机器人技术研究。根据时间状语“in
2016”可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时。故填threw。
9.（2025·河北秦皇岛·一模） Co-hosted by the National School of Development at Peking University and the
National Committee on US-China Relations, this annual event ______ (facilitate) extensive discussion between
health experts from both nations.
【答案】facilitates
【详解】考查动词词义及时态。句意：这一年度活动由北京大学国家发展研究院和美中关系全国委员会共
同主办，促进了两国卫生专家之间的广泛讨论。根据句意，此处描述一般事实，应用一般现在时，主谓一
致，故填facilitates。
10. （2025 高三上·湖北·阶段练习） “I want to tell my daughter, mom returned after reaching for the stars,”
she said. Ye (exit) last from the capsule.
【答案】exited
【详解】考查谓语动词的时态。句意：叶光复最后从胶囊舱里出来。根据上下文可知，此处在陈述过去的
事情，所以是过去时。故填exited。
考向02 考查动词短语
单项填空
1．Following in the footsteps of his own teacher, Mr. Wang has passed on his skills to those who will ______
many of the future repairs.
A．make into
B．get into
C．put on
D．take on
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：王先生效仿自己老师的做法，把技艺传授给了那些将会承担未来诸多
维修任务的人。A. make into 把……做成；B. get into 陷入，进入；C. put on 穿上，上演；D. take on 承担，
接纳。根据句中“many of the future repairs”可知，这里说的是要承担未来很多维修方面的事，take on 有
“承担”的意思，符合语境。故选D。
2．As the drama The Hunchback of Notre-Dame unfolds, Quasimodo’s character ________a new depth. It’s not
merely about his odd appearance; we can see his deep, mixed feelings and strong loyalty.
A．takes on
B．brings up
C．turns out
D．gives off
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着戏剧《巴黎圣母院》的展开，卡西莫多的性格呈现出新的深度。
这不仅仅是关于他奇怪的外表；我们可以看到他深沉、复杂的情感和强烈的忠诚。A. takes on 呈现；B.
brings up 抚养；C. turns out 结果是；D. gives off 散发出。根据下文“a new depth”以及“It’s not merely about
his odd appearance; we can see his deep, mixed feelings and strong loyalty. (这不仅仅是关于他奇怪的外表；我
们可以看到他深沉、复杂的情感和强烈的忠诚。)”可知，此处指卡西莫多的性格呈现出新的深度。故选A
项。
3．Scientists warn that if we don’t protect biodiversity, human activities may over 50% of endangered species
by 2050.
A．wipe out
B．try out
C．point out
D．work out
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：科学家们警告说，如果我们不保护生物多样性，到2050 年，人
类活动可能会使超过50%的濒危物种灭绝。A. wipe out 消灭，灭绝；B. try out 试验，试用；C. point out 指
出；D. work out 解决，算出。根据“if we don’t protect biodiversity”以及“over 50% of endangered species”可
知，此处说的是不保护生物多样性可能导致濒危物种消失的后果，“wipe out”有“使灭绝”的意思，符合
语境。故选A 项。
4．While you may be tempted to check out a strange object or to test the waters of a new situation, it can be safer
to ______ the unfamiliar.
A．set out into
B．date back to
C．throw yousrelf into D．steer clear of
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管你可能会想要去探究某个新奇的事物，或者尝试新环境中的事
物，但避开那些不熟悉的东西反而会更安全一些。A. set out into 开始进入；B. date back to 追溯到；C.
throw yourself into 全身心投入；D. steer clear of 避开、绕开。根据“the unfamiliar”可知，避开不熟悉的食
物可能会更加安全。故选D。
5．Through comparison, William Gadoury found the locations of the 117 known Maya cities ______ the positions
of the stars.
A．submit to
B．respond to
C．react to
D．correspond to
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：通过比较，William Gadoury 发现117 个已知的玛雅城市的位置与恒星
的位置相对应。A. submit to 顺从，服从；B. respond to 对……作出反应/回答；C. react to 对……作出反
应/应答；D. correspond to 与……相符。结合“the locations”和“the positions of the stars”可知，四个选项中
correspond to“与……相符”符合题意，表示已知的玛雅城市的位置与恒星的位置相对应。故选D。
6．The question was ________ at the meeting whether or not the company should employ more workers to
increase production.
A．put forward
B．taken up
C．given out
D．passed on
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：公司是否应该雇佣更多的工人来提高产量这个问题在会议上被提出来
了。A. put forward 提出；B. taken up 占据、从事；C. given out 分发、公布；D. passed on 传递。根据语境，
“公司是否应该雇佣更多工人来提高产量”是一个问题，这个问题是在会议上被“提出”的，动词短语
put forward 符合题意。故选A 项。
7．Bears ______ fat stores throughout the summer and autumn to have energy enough to last them through their
winter sleep.
A．pack up
B．build up
C．bring up
D．take up
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。 句意：熊在整个夏季和秋季积累脂肪储备，以便有足够的能量维持它
们度过冬眠。A. pack up 打包；收拾； B. build up 逐步增加；积累； C. bring up 养育；提出；呕吐； D.
take up 占据。根据下文“to have energy enough to last them through their winter sleep”可知，熊在夏秋季节需
要积累脂肪，故选B。
8．After arriving in New York, the Chinese college student found it hard to ______ living on his own.
A．rely on
B．bring up
C．approve of
D．adjust to
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：到达纽约后，这位中国大学生发现很难适应独自生活。A. rely on 依
靠；B. bring up 抚养；C. approve of 赞成；D. adjust to 适应。根据living on his own 可知，此处指“适应独
自生活很难”，adjust to 符合语境。故选D。
9．I am afraid we cannot include the item you suggest, as it does not ______ with the rest of the programme.
A．fit in
B．keep up
C．get on
D．come down
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：恐怕我们不能将你提议的项目列入，因为它与节目的其余部分不一
致。A. fit in with 与……协调一致；B. keep up with 跟上；C. get on with 与……相处；D. come down with 付
钱，染上（病）。根据“I am afraid we cannot include the item you suggest”可知，上文提到的提议与节目的
其余部分不一致。故选A 项。
10．Jenny worked hard before the final examination, which ______. She got an A．
A．took off
B．showed off
C．put off
D．paid off
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：詹妮期末考试前非常用功，她的努力获得了回报，取得了全A 的好成
绩。A. take off 起飞；B. show off 炫耀；C. put off 拖延；D. pay off 取得成功、有了回报。由句意和She got
an A 可知，这里指她的努力有了回报，获得了优异成绩。故选D 项。
11．Although some people like to ______ their wealth, income is a very private matter for most Americans.
A．show off
B．bring up
C．settle down
D．set aside
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管有些人喜欢炫耀他们的财富，但对大多数美国人来说，收入是一
个非常私人的问题。A. show off 炫耀；B. bring up 提出，抚养；C. settle down 安顿下来，平静下来；D. set
aside 留出，不顾。根据句意，这里表示有些人喜欢炫耀他们的财富。故选A 项。
12．We have already bought the house but we won’t _______ it until May.
A．make room for
B．take possession of
C．drink a toast to
D．become a target for
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。 句意：我们已经买了这所房子，但要到五月份才会入住（拥有它）。A.
make room for 为……腾出空间； B. take possession of 拥有，占有； C. drink a toast to 为……干杯； D.
become a target for 成为……的目标。 根据前文“已经买了房子”以及“but”表示转折，说明虽然买了但还
没实际拥有、入住。故选B。
13．Last night, the lost dog _______ its owner, who had been searching for it for days.
A．was compared with
B．was filled with
C．was reunited with
D．was covered with
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：昨晚，那只走失的狗与它的主人团聚，主人已经寻找它好几天了。A.
was compared with 与……比较；B. was filled with 充满；C. was reunited with 与……团聚；D. was covered
with 被……覆盖。根据下文“who had been searching for it for days”可知，走失的狗与主人团聚。故选C。
14．If you want to lose weight, start earlier. Never _______ until tomorrow what you can do today!
A．weigh up
B．put off
C．pass up
D．take action
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果你想减肥，就早点开始。永远不要把今天能做的事推迟到明天！
A. weigh up 权衡；B. put off 推迟；C. pass up 放弃；D. take action 采取行动。根据下文“until tomorrow
what you can do today”以及语境可知，这里指不要把今天能做的事推迟到明天。故选B 项。
15．I can ______ the kids at school on my way to work if that helps you out.
A．drop in
B．drop out
C．drop off
D．drop by
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果这能帮到你，我可以在上班路上把孩子们送到学校。A. drop in 顺
路拜访；B. drop out 退出（活动 / 组织）；C. drop off 让某人在某地下车/留下；D. drop by 顺便拜访。根据
句意和the kids at school 可知，这里指让孩子在学校下车，即把孩子们送到学校，符合语境。故选C 项。
题型一 动词与短语辨析单项选择
1．With the new app, people can easily _______ plants which they don’t know about.
A．replace
B．exchange
C．identify
D．recommend
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有了这款新应用程序，人们就能轻松识别他们不认识的植物了。A.
replace 取代；B. exchange 交换；C. identify 识别；D. recommend 推荐。根据后文“plants which they don’t
know about”指通过应用程序可以轻松识别他们不认识的植物。故选C。
2．The small coastal town of Qingdao, known for its beautiful beaches and rich maritime culture, ________ some
of the most spectacular coastal scenery in the country.
A．claims
B．displays
C．boasts
D．preserves
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：青岛这座沿海小镇以其美丽的海滩和丰富的海洋文化而闻名，它拥有
国内一些最壮观的海滨风景。A. claims 声称；B. displays 展示；C. boasts 拥有（值得骄傲的东西），
以……而自豪；D. preserves 保护，保存。根据“some of the most spectacular coastal scenery in the country”可
知，青岛这座小镇拥有国内一些最壮观的海滨风景，boasts 符合语境。故选C。
3．As to how to improve one’s language skills, it is important that you ________ it every day.
A．imitate
B．express
C．speak
D．illustrate
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：至于如何提高一个人的语言技能，重要的是你要每天模仿它（语
言）。A. imitate 模仿；B. express 表达；C. speak 说话；D. illustrate 阐明，举例说明。根据“how to
improve one’s language skills”可知，提高语言技能需要每天模仿语言。故选A。
4．Teachers need to carefully students’ performance based on multiple factors rather than just exam scores.
A．evaluate
B．celebrate
C．create
D．decorate
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：教师需要根据多种因素仔细评估学生的表现，而不仅仅是考试成绩。
A. evaluate 评估；B. celebrate 庆祝；C. create 创造；D. decorate 装饰。结合students’ performance 可知，空
格处应表达“评估”，用evaluate。故选A。
5．Following the shock of the Challenger disaster, space shuttle flights were ______ for nearly three years while
the cause of the disaster was investigated.
A．exceeded
B．discouraged
C．suspended
D．protected
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在“挑战者”号航天飞机事故发生后的震惊之下，航天飞机的飞行活
动暂停了近三年，期间对事故原因进行了调查。A. exceeded 超过；B. discouraged 使沮丧；C. suspended 暂
停；D. protected 保护。根据后文“for nearly three years while the cause of the disaster was investigated”可知，
航天飞机的飞行活动暂停了近三年，期间对事故原因进行了调查。故选C。
6．Think carefully before you answer the questions online. You may be _______ into giving away very important
personal information.
A．caught
B．thought
C．seized
D．trapped
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：回答网络问题之前要仔细考虑一下。你可能会陷入透露个人重要信息
的陷阱。A. caught 抓住；B. thought 认为；C. seized 夺取；D. trapped 使中计。根据后文“into giving away
very important personal information”可知为短语trap into doing...表示“被骗做……”。故选D 项。
7．If you ________ the word “significant” for “important” in the writing, I think it will be better.
A．sponsor
B．suspect
C．subscribe
D．substitute
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你在写作中用“significant”代替“important”，我认为会更好。A.
sponsor 赞助；B. suspect 怀疑；C. subscribe 订阅；D. substitute 替换。根据下文的“I think it will be better.”
可知，此处描述的是写作中词语的选择，所以表示“替换、代替”符合语境。故选D 项。
8．Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which _____ spending quite a lot of time with students.
A．survives
B．involves
C．practices
D．suggests
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：米歇尔找到了一份高中教师的工作，这份工作需要花费大量时间和学
生在一起。A. survives 生存，存活；B. involves 包含，需要，涉及；C. practices 练习，实践；D. suggests 建
议，表明。根据spending quite a lot of time with students 可知，空格处应表达“需要，涉及（花费大量时间
和学生在一起）”，故用involves。故选B。
9．If people really like our software, then maybe we can ________ for it — or even start our own company.
A．collect
B．charge
C．pay
D．account
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果人们真的很喜欢我们的软件，那么也许我们可以为此收费——甚
至创办我们自己的公司。A. collect 收集；B. charge 收费；C. pay 支付；D. account 认为，解释。根据for it
可知，此处指为软件“收费”，应用charge，charge for 表示“为……收费”。故选B。
10．To the couple’s relief, their only son is now fully ________ to health after two months of treatment.
A．reformed
B．refreshed
C．restored
D．renewed
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：令这对夫妇欣慰的是，经过两个月的治疗，他们唯一的儿子现在已完
全康复。A. reformed 改革；B. refreshed 使恢复精力；C. restored 恢复（健康、力量等）；D. renewed 更
新。根据“after two months of treatment”可知，经过两个月的治疗，儿子恢复了健康，be restored to health
为固定短语，意为“恢复健康”。故选C。
11．I had meant to stay away from the shop window, but I really couldn’t ________ the temptation.
A．resist
B．defend
C．avoid
D．insist
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我本打算远离商店橱窗，但我实在无法抗拒诱惑。A. resist 抵抗，抗
拒；B. defend 防御；C. avoid 避免；D. insist 坚持。根据“I had meant to stay away from the shop window”以
及but 可知，此处表示无法抗拒诱惑，resist“抵抗，抗拒”符合语境。故选A。
12．With the eighth studio album ________ last November, the singer is now touring in major cities, including
Beijing, Shanghai and Chengdu.
A．opened
B．sold
C．released
D．downloaded
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着第八张录音室专辑于去年11 月发行，这位歌手现在正在包括北
京、上海和成都等主要城市巡演。A. opened 打开；B. sold 卖；C. released 发行；D. downloaded 下载。根据
“the singer is now touring in major cities”可知，此处指专辑发行后歌手开始巡演，release“发行”符合语
境。故选C。
13．Some badly-damaged buildings in Beichuan are untouched, ________ as a memorial to those who died that
May afternoon when the quake hit.
A．preserving
B．submitting
C．submitted
D．preserved
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：北川一些受损严重的建筑未被拆除，被保留下来作为对在那场五月下
午地震中遇难者的纪念。A. preserving 保存（现在分词）；B. submitting 提交（现在分词）；C. submitted
提交（过去分词）；D. preserved 保存（过去分词）。根据“untouched（未被触碰）”可知，此处表示建
筑“被保留”符合“建筑未被碰触”的语境；此处为非谓语动词作状语，preserve 与逻辑主语buildings 之
间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式。故选D 项。
14．Every year about 40,000 people ______ to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa.
A．succeed
B．tend
C．attempt
D．charge
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每年大约有4 万人尝试攀登非洲最高峰乞力马扎罗山。A. succeed 成
功 (succeed in doing 意为“成功做某事”)；B. tend 倾向于 (tend to do 意为“倾向于做某事”，强调一种趋
势)；C. attempt 尝试 (attempt to do 意为“尝试做某事”)；D. charge 收费、控告(charge to do 并非常见搭
配)。根据语境，这里说的是每年约4 万人去尝试攀登乞力马扎罗山，attempt to do 符合语义和搭配习惯。
故选C 项。
15．Under the new schedule, school teachers must ________ each class on time, instead of adding extra lessons.
A．cancel
B．ignore
C．abandon
D．dismiss
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：按照新的日程安排，老师必须按时下课，不能添加额外的课程。A.
cancel 取消；B. ignore 忽视；C. abandon 放弃；D. dismiss 解散。根据句意可知，此处为动词dismiss“解
散”，满足句意要求。故选D 项。
16．President Obama said that America would ______________ the challenges and overcome the problems in a
spirit of co-operation.
A．respond to
B．relate to
C．look into
D．refer to
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：奥巴马总统说过，美国将对挑战作出回应并本着合作的精神战胜难
题。A. respond to 对……回应；B. relate to 涉及；C. look into 调查；D. refer to 提到。根据后文“the
challenges and overcome the problems”可知，美国将对挑战作出回应并本着合作的精神战胜难题。故选A
项。
17．Before giving the speech, she paused to and gather her thoughts.
A．turn out
B．make a difference
C．take a breath
D．break into a smile
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在演讲之前，她停下来喘口气，整理思绪。A. turn out 结果是，证明
出；B. make a difference 有所作为；C. take a breath 深呼吸；D. break into a smile 突然露出微笑。根据上下
文句意可知，此处为动词短语take a breath“深呼吸”，满足句意要求。故选C 项。
18．It was foolish of him to______________ his notes during the test, and as a result, he got punished.
A．stick to
B．refer to
C．keep to
D．point to
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他在考试时查阅笔记，这是很愚蠢的行为，结果他受到了惩罚。A.
stick to 坚持；B. refer to 查阅、参考；C. keep to 遵守、信守；D. point to 指向。根据“during the test,”和
“as a result, he got punished.”可知，此处强调他在考试中做了违规的事，“refer to”表示“查阅”，符合
“考试中查看笔记（作弊）导致惩罚”的语境。故选B 项。
19．He likes to by playing basketball when he’s stressed.
A．help out
B．rise to his feet
C．let off steam
D．pull his weight
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他有压力时喜欢打篮球来释放情绪。A. help out 帮一把；B. rise to his
feet 站起身来；C. let off steam 发泄怒火，宣泄情绪；D. pull his weight 做好分内事，尽责。根据“when
he’s stressed”可知，动词短语let off steam“发泄怒火，宣泄情绪”符合题意，表示“打篮球来释放情绪”。
故选C。
20．Don’t ______ the opportunity to study abroad. It’s a once-in-a-lifetime chance.
A．weigh up
B．put off
C．pass up
D．take action
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：不要错过这个出国留学的机会，这是一生只有一次的机会。A. weigh
up 仔细考虑，权衡；B. put off 推迟；C. pass up 错过，放弃（机会）；D. take action 采取行动。根据“It’s a
once-in-a-lifetime chance.”可知，这是一生只有一次机会，此处强调不要“错过”机会，pass up 符合句意。
故选C。
题型二 词义猜测
根据句意，选择可以代替划线部分词义的选项。
1．Hearing the news, he stood on the edge of anger.
A．felt disappointed
B．tried to hide his anger
C．was about to get angry
D．controlled his emotion
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：听到这个消息，他处于愤怒的边缘。A. felt disappointed 感到失望；B.
tried to hide his anger 试图隐藏他的愤怒；C. was about to get angry 即将发怒；D. controlled his emotion 控制
他的情绪。句中“stood on the edge of anger”意为“处于愤怒的边缘”，即即将发怒，与C 选项“即将发
怒”意思相近。故选C。
2．When I was thinking about having lunch, pizza and pasta sprang to mind.
A．were served
B．were recommended
C．occurred to me
D．appeared in front of me
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我考虑吃午饭时，披萨和意面突然出现在我的脑海中。A. were
served 被供应；B. were recommended 被供应；C. occurred to me（想法）出现在某人脑海中；D. appeared in
front of me 出现在我面前。根据句意可知，“sprang to mind”和“occurred to me”均表达“想法突然产
生”，属于典型的短语同义替换，因此C 为正确答案。故选C 项。
3．My parents will fill me in on what’s been happening after I get home.
A．update me with
B．ask me about
C．remind me of
D．help me with
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。 句意：我回家后，父母会把发生的事情详细告诉我。 A. update me with 告
知我最新情况；向我通报； B. ask me about 询问我关于……； C. remind me of 提醒我……；使我想
起……； D. help me with 在…… 方面帮助我。 原句中fill me in on 意思是向某人详细讲述某事，A 选项
update me with 同样有告知某人最新情况、向某人通报的意思，与原短语语义相近。故选 A。
4．Galilei was punished by the church, with no one coming to his defense.
A．criticizing him
B．thanking him
C．laughing at him
D．standing up for him
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：伽利略受到了教会的惩罚，没有人出来为他辩护。A. criticizing him 批
评他；B. thanking him 感谢他；C. laughing at him 嘲笑他；D. standing up for him 为他辩护，支持他。原句
中“coming to his defense”意为“为他辩护”，与D 选项“standing up for him”语义一致。故选D。
5．The speaker thought he had failed the audience.
A．fooled the audience
B．made the audience angry
C．let the audience down
D．confused the audience
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：演讲者认为他让观众失望了。 A. fooled the audience 愚弄了观众；B.
made the audience angry 使观众生气；C. let the audience down 让观众失望；D. confused the audience 使观
众困惑。 原句中 failed the audience 意思是没能满足观众期望，让观众失望，C 选项 let the audience
down” 与之意思相符。故选C。
6．We need to brush up on subject notes after class.
A．review
B．share
C．discuss
D．complete
【答案】A
【详解】连词动词词义辨析。句意：课后我们需要温习功课笔记。A. review 复习；回顾；B. share 分享；
C. discuss 讨论；D. complete 完成。短语brush up on 在句中为“复习，重温”之意，与动词review 含义一
致。故选A。
7．She ignored his comment and continued speaking.
A．wrote down
B．paid no attention to
C．got angry at
D．laughed at
【答案】B
【详解】考查短语和词汇辨析。句意：她不理会他的评论，继续说话。A.wrote down 写；B.paid no
attention to 未注意；C.got angry at 生气；D.laughed at 嘲笑。B（paid no attention to）在句子中作谓语，意思
与ignored 完全一致，表示主观上不关注或不理会，保持句子逻辑连贯。故选B。
8．She has decided to sign up for the cooking class.
A．join
B．observe
C．teach
D．support
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她已决定报名参加烹饪课。 A. join 参加；加入； B. observe 观察；
遵守； C. teach 教； D. support 支持。 sign up for 意思是报名参加，A 选项 “join”有参加某个活动、组
织等的意思，与 “sign up for” 语义相近。故选A。
9．Festıvals reflect people’s wishes, beliefs, faiths and attitudes towards life.
A．反映
B．反射
C．映出
D．反思
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：节日反映了人们的愿望、信仰、信念和对生活的态度。根据句意可
知，节日反映了人们的愿望、信仰、信念和对生活的态度，“reflect”在句中意为“反映”，动词词性。故
选A 项。
10．To succeed in this position, you must live up to expectations.
A．recognize your own limitations
B．meet the standards set by others
C．ignore all advice given by others
D．have low expectations intentionally
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词以及名词词义辨析。句意：要想在这个职位上取得成功，你必须不辜负期望。A.
recognize your own limitations 认识到你自己的局限性；B. meet the standards set by others 达到别人设定的标
准；C. ignore all advice given by others 忽略别人给出的所有建议；D. have low expectations intentionally 故意
保持低期望。live up to 意为“不辜负”，expectations 为expectation 的复数形式，意为“期待”。所以划线
部分的意思为“不辜负期待”，即“达到别人设定的标准”。故选B。
11．I was overjoyed because it was the first time I had ever overtaken Alex since we started playing.
A．beaten
B．replaced
C．teamed up with
D．competed with
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词及动词短语语义辨析。句意：我欣喜若狂，因为这是我们开始比赛以来，我第一次超过
亚历克斯。A. beaten 击败；战胜 ；B. replaced 代替；取代 ；C. teamedup with 与……合作；和……组队；
D. competed with 与……竞争。根据句意，overtaken 意思是超过、胜过，结合语境在这里可理解为在比赛
中战胜，与beaten 语义相近，意为“击败；战胜”。故选A。
12．Most of the food we buy is processed in some way, from canned vegetables to frozen meals.
A．brought in
B．sent over
C．prepared
D．priced
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词短语和动词词义辨析。句意：我们买的大部分食物都经过了某种方式的加工，从罐装蔬
菜到冷冻餐。A. brought in 引进；B. sent over 发送；C. prepared 准备，加工；D. priced 定价。根据from
canned vegetables to frozen meals 可知，processed 应表达食物被“加工”的意思，prepared 符合语境。故选
C。
13．I was overjoyed because it was the first time I had ever overtaken Alex since we started playing.
A．beaten
B．replaced
C．teamed up with
D．competed with
【答案】A
【详解】考查词义匹配。句意：我欣喜若狂，因为这是我们开始比赛以来我第一次超过亚历克斯。A.
beaten 打败；B. replaced 取代；C. teamed up with 与某人合作；D. competed with 与某人参加竞争。在这个
语境中，overtake 意思是比亚历克斯表现得更好，即在比赛中获胜或打败亚历克斯，所以与动词beat 含义
一致。故选A。
14．Her legal advisers persuaded her into mentioning the names of the people involved in the robbery.
A．tricked.
B．shocked.
C．convinced.
D．pressured.
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的法律顾问说服她说出了参与抢劫的人的名字。A. tricked 欺骗；B.
shocked 使震惊；C. convinced 说服；D. pressured 施压。根据“ mentioning the names of the people involved
in the robbery”可知，此处指法律顾问说服她说出了参与抢劫的人的名字，persuade sb. into doing sth.意为
“说服某人做某事”，与convinced 意思相近。故选C。
15．There will be times when you want to give up. But hang in there and tell yourself that it will get easier with
time.
A．take a break and relax
B．keep going and stay determined
C．change your approach
D．wait passively for things to improve
【答案】B
【详解】考查词义匹配。句意：总会有你想要放弃的时候。但要坚持下去，告诉自己，随着时间推移，情
况会变得更容易。A. take a break and relax 休息一下放松放松；B. keep going and stay determined 继续坚持，
保持决心；C. change your approach 改变你的方法；D. wait passively for things to improve 被动等待情况改
善。结合句意，短语hang in there 在句中为“在困难的情况下坚持、继续努力，不放弃”之意，与选择项
B 含义一致。故选B。
1.（2025 年新高考I 卷） We had decided on key items for the apartment we were moving to in town, donated
what we could, and rented a place to ___40___ our supposedly important objects. That left a house still stuffed
with things that, while not particularly valuable, didn’t belong in a landfill (垃圾填埋场).
......
Encouraged
_ , I posted more. My daily posts and the visits
, I received became a precious ray of light in the
chaos of my house. Each exchange provided a chance to ___48___ the landfill and to please another person I
might not otherwise have ___49___.
I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the belongings
_ that share our small space. I take joy in knowing
that, somewhere nearby, someone is ___52___ something that couldn’t come with us.
40. A. store
B. display
C. sell
D. repair
48. A. remove
B. spare
C. find
D. check
49. A. investigated
B. recognized
C. encountered
D. recommended
52. A. anticipating
B. appreciating
C. delivering
D. withdrawing
【答案】40. A 48. B 49. C 52. B
【详解】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在搬家过程中通过免费赠送旧物获得快乐的故事。
【40 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们已经为即将搬到城里的公寓选定了关键物品，尽可能捐赠了能捐的东西，
并租了一个地方来存放我们自认为重要的物品。A. store 储存；B. display 展示；C. sell 出售；D. repair 修
理。根据上文“rented a place”以及下文“our supposedly important objects”可推知，此处指租地方是为了存
放重要物品。故选A。
【48 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一次交换都提供了一个避免垃圾填埋的机会，也让我得以取悦另一个原本可
能不会遇到的人。A. remove 移除；B. spare 省得；免去；C. find 发现；D. check 检查。根据上文语境以
及下文“the landfill”可推知，此处指作者用免费赠送旧物来代替丢掉旧物垃圾填埋，此处spare 引申为“免
去”表示免得去垃圾填埋场丢东西。故选B。
【49 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一次交换都提供了一个避免垃圾填埋的机会，也让我得以取悦另一个原本可
能不会遇到的人。A. investigated 调查；B. recognized 认出；C. encountered 遇见；D. recommended 推
荐。根据上文“another person I might not otherwise”可推知，此处指免费赠送旧物让原本不会遇见的人感到
高兴。故选C。
【52 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道就在附近的某个地方，有人正在欣赏着这件无法随我们一起走的东西，我
感到很快乐。A. anticipating 期待；B. appreciating 欣赏；C. delivering 递送；D. withdrawing 撤回。根据
上文“I take 13 in knowing that, somewhere nearby”以及下文“something that couldn’t come with
us”可推知，此处指他人在欣赏这些作者带不走的，赠予的物品。故选B。
2.（2025 年新高考II 卷完形填空）Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to ___21___
seven years ago after having a wake-up call. She’d been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which
ultimately led her to getting surgery. After that experience, she knew that she needed to make a change.
Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a healthy lifestyle, before
discovering a secret for weightlifting.
Since setting out on the journey, the fitness lover has not only managed to ___28___ an impressive set of
muscles — but also a huge following on social media.
The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content explaining there’s no reason others can’t look this
good. She said it was all down to some key aspects.
“Hold on: Consider failure as a stepping
stone
to success and never give up. Stick to your plan,” she said.
“___31___ others: Lift others up on your journey. Success is sweeter when ___32___.” She previously explained
that “you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise... the goal is to feel good, not look good.”
21. A. write
B. travel
C. exercise
D. recover
28. A. grow
B. control
C. activate
D. relax
31. A. Help
B. Consult
C. Follow
D. Forgive
32. A. accepted
B. shared
C. expected
D. celebrated
【答案】21. C 28. A 31. A 32. B
【详解】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位65 岁的老奶奶坚持健身，积极健康改变自己的生活，
消除网络质疑的故事。
【21 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：七年前，在接到一个警醒电话后，她才开始锻炼身体。A. write 写作；B. travel
旅行；C. exercise 锻炼；D. recover 康复。根据下文的“ Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began
to work out...”可知，此处指老奶奶开始锻炼身体。故选C。
【28 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从踏上这段旅程以来，这位健身爱好者不仅产生了令人惊叹的肌肉，还在社
交媒体上收获了庞大的粉丝群。A. grow 形成，产生；B. control 控制；C. activate 激活；D. relax 放松。根
据下文“an impressive set of muscles”可推知，此处指她练出肌肉，即产生肌肉。故选A。
【31 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：帮助他人：在你的旅程中激励他人。A. Help 帮助；B. Consult 咨询；C. Follow
遵循；D. Forgive 原谅。根据下文“Lift others up”可推知，此处指她提倡帮助他人。故选A。
【32 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：分享成功更甜蜜。A. accepted 接受；B. shared 共享；C. expected 期待；D.
celebrated 庆祝。根据上文“The well-liked grandma regularly posts workout content, explaining there’s no
___9___ others can’t look this good.”可知，这位受人喜爱
奶奶定期发布健身内容，并解释说其他人没理
由不能看起来这么好，由此可知，此处指的是成功在分享时更甜蜜。故选B。
3.（2025 年北京卷完形填空）“It’s possible to open that lock with another key,” I said. Instantly, eyes turned to
me with newfound interest and curiosity. It was a rush I had never experienced before. Enjoying all the eyes on me,
I ____4____ how to open the lock.
Little did I realize that single moment would ruin everything.
The following day, called to the headmaster’s office, I found myself accused of stealing the missing parts. “I
didn’t do it, sir,” I argued, but suspicion ____5____ his eyes. His repeated questioning intensified, pushing me to
the edge of fear and tears. In a desperate attempt to escape the mounting pressure, I falsely confessed (承认).
4. A. discovered
B. recommended
C. demonstrated
D. imagined
5. A. caught
B. clouded
C. hurt
D. brightened
【答案】 4. C 5. B
【详解】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了15 岁的作者为了引起关注分享开锁方法，却被怀疑偷电脑
零件，在校长逼问下作者被迫承认，最后父亲表示相信作者，作者也明白了真正的认可来自高尚行为的道
理。
【4 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：享受着所有人的目光，我演示了如何开锁。A. discovered 发现；B.
recommended 推荐；C. demonstrated 演示；D. imagined 想象。根据前文作者的话“It’s possible to open that
lock with another key”和“Instantly, eyes turned to me with newfound interest and curiosity.”可知，作者知道如
何用其它钥匙开锁，为了享受大家的关注，所以演示了开锁方法。故选C 项。
【5 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我没做，先生，”我争辩道，但他的眼中充满了怀疑。A. caught 抓住；B.
clouded 使模糊，笼罩，显得阴沉（或恐惧、愤怒等）；C. hurt 伤害；D. brightened 使明亮。根据前文“I
found myself accused of stealing the missing parts.”可知，校长怀疑作者，怀疑的神色笼罩在他眼中，眼中显
示出怀疑的神色。故选B 项。
3.（2024 年全国甲卷完形填空） Born just before WWII, my grandmother ____23____ an entirely different
childhood lifestyle from mine. She did not have a chance to go to _ school
_ . Like in typical families, where boys
were ____25____ much more than girls, my grandma had to stay at home to do _ housework
_ . The only
opportunity (机会) she could seize to ____27____ was when her brother was having Chinese __
lessons
___
with
the family tutor. She would sit quietly at the far end of the long dinner table, listening ___
closely
___
.
.....
This is something I ____33____ — her ability to open her _ hands
__
underwater and still sit comfortably on
the seabed.
...
My childhood is quite _ happy
___
compared with hers. I am _ grateful
__
that I did not need to ____37____
the hardships like she did. I've never faced the problem of _ education
__
. I guess our different childhood
background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to ____39____ to: her stories always make
my history textbooks ____40____.
23. A. adjusted
B. promoted
C. achieved
D. experienced
25. A. favored
B. tolerated
C. trusted
D. acknowledged
27. A. exercise
B. study
C. explore
D. teach
33. A. admire
B. notice
C. adopt
D. value
37. A. reflect upon
B. go through
C. ask about
D. prepare for
39. A. attend
B. refer
C. lead
D. talk
40. A. come true
B. come round
C. come out
D. come alive
【答案】 23. D 25. A 27. B 33.A 37. B 39.D 40.D
【详解】23.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的祖母出生在二战前夕，她的童年生活方式与我的完全不同。A.
adjusted 调整；B. promoted 促进；C. achieved 完成；D. experienced 经历。根据下文“an entirely different
childhood lifestyle from mine”可推知，此处指祖母经历的童年与作者的不同。故选D。
25.考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像典型的重男轻女的家庭一样，我奶奶不得不呆在家里做家务。A.
favored 赞成；B. tolerated 容忍；C. trusted 信任；D. acknowledged 承认。根据上文“She did not have a
chance to go to school. Like in typical families”并结合语境可推知，此处指作者祖母生活的年代是重男轻女
的，所以祖母才不被允许上学。故选A。
27.考查动词词义辨析。句意：她唯一能抓住的学习机会是当她的哥哥和家庭教师一起上语文课的时候。A.
exercise 锻炼；B. study 学习；C. explore 探索；D. teach 教学。根据上文“She did not have a chance to go to
school.”以及下文“with the family tutor”可推知，此处指祖母不被允许上学，自己找机会学习。故选B。
33.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很钦佩她在水下张开嘴，还能舒服地坐在海底的能力。A. admire 钦佩；B.
notice 注意到；C.adopt 采纳；D. value 重视。根据下文“her ability to open her ______ underwater and still sit
comfortably on the seabed”可推知，此处指作者佩服祖母在水里的能力。故选A。
37.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我很感激我不需要像她那样经历磨难。A. reflect upon 思考；B. go through 经
历；C. ask about 询问；D. prepare for 准备。根据上文“I am grateful that I did not need”以及下文“the
hardships like she did”可推知，此处指作者感激自己不需要经历祖母经历过的那些磨难。故选B。
39.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想是我们不同的童年背景让我的祖母成为了一个交谈时令人惊叹的人：她
的故事总是让我的历史教科书鲜活起来。A. attend 出席；B. refer 参考；C. lead 领导；D. talk 对话、讨论。
结合上文祖母给作者讲故事，再根据上文“makes my grandmother such an amazing person”可推知，此处指
祖母的经历使祖母成为了一个交谈时令人惊叹的人。talk to“与某人交谈”。故选D。
40.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想是我们不同的童年背景让我的祖母成为了一个交谈时令人惊叹的人：她
的故事总是让我的历史教科书鲜活起来。A. come true 成真；B. come round 苏醒；C. come out 出现；D.
come alive 变得生动。根据上文“I guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother
such an amazing person to talk to: her stories always make my history textbooks”可推知，此处指作者祖母的经
历和故事丰富了作者的人生，使历史书上的故事变得生动鲜活，跃然纸上。故选D。
