专题07 定语从句
______________________________________________________________________________________
目目录
1. 高考真题练
2. 创新基础练
3. 难度拔高单项选择练
4. 高考模拟练
一 高考真题练
在设空处填写一个适当的单词。
1.（2025 年新高考II 卷语法填空）An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring
artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, ____
__
____
originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：上海久事美术馆正在举办一场展览，展出的艺术品灵感来自围棋
（中文称为“围棋”），它起源4000 多年前的中国。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词为
Go, or weiqi in Chinese，指物，且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which 引
导。故填which。
2.（2025 年新高考II 卷语法填空）I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet
now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, ___
__
_____
bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and central
heating doesn’t exist.
【答案】 where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：然而现在，我和我的中国丈夫和他的家人住在中国浙江的农村，在
那里山上野生竹子和茶树丛生，鸡总是自由放养的，而且没有集中供暖。本空引导非限制性定语从
句，修饰先行词the countryside of Zhejiang，China，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用
关系副词where 引导。故填where。
3.（2025 年北京卷语法填空）However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists left
over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, __________ accounted for about 8% of the total global gas
release in 2024.
【答案】 which
【详解】考查定语从句关系代词。句意：然而，根据世界野生动物基金会的一份报告，去年游客留
下了超过13 亿吨的食物垃圾，约占2024 年全球气体排放总量的8%。此句为非限制性定语从句，
先行词是“1.3 billion tons of food waste”，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用which 引导。故填
which。
4.（2024 年新高考I 卷语法填空）The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary
design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps
along the Silk Route _____
__
___
brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define
much of the richness of gardening in England.
【答案】which/that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：Mark Woodruff 补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路
的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从
亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先
行词design，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which 或that 引导从句。故填
which/that。
5.（2024 年新高考II 卷语法填空）Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu,
____
_ __
is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon,
William Shakespeare’s hometown.
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖，中国文化元素为莎士
比亚的故乡——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为
“Tang Xianzu”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，表示人，用关系代词who 引导。故填who。
6.（2024 年新高考II 卷语法填空）Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way
________ will make them the most money.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构——他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。在
定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为way，所以应用关系代词that 或which。故填that/which。
7.（2023 年全国甲卷语法填空）Yet, the form of the fable still has values today,
__
Rachel
Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”.
【答案】 as
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：然而，正如雷切尔·卡森在《明日寓言》中所说，寓言的形式在今
天仍然具有价值。引导非限定性定语从句，且有“正如”之意，用关系代词as 引导。故填as。
8.（2023 年全国甲卷语法填空）Yellowstone was the largest United States national park—2.2 million
acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, _________ became a national monument in 1978,
took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。本空所在句子为定语从句，先行词为Wrangell-Saint Elias，从句中作主
语，指物，引导非限制性定语从句用which，故填which。
9.（2023 年全国甲卷语法填空）“There was once a town in the heart of America,
__
all life
seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar
words from many age-old fables.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和
周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉
的词。句中先行词为town，在非限定性定语从句作地点状语，所以用关系副词where 引导。故填
where。
10.（2023 年全国乙卷语法填空）But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a
place_________ welcome the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural
wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。先行词place，定语从句中关系词充当主语，指代先行词place,故选用关系
代词that 或which。
11.(2022 年新高考I 卷语法填空) The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species
___
__
_ ___
live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the
area.
【答案】that
【解析】考查定语从句关系词。设空处为关系词引导限制性定语从句，先行词等于关系词，设空处
在从句中作指物的主语，先行词为species，且先行词前为all 修饰，只能用关系代词that。（语法
知识点：当先行词指物，且被all, every, any, the very, the only, the just 等修饰时，只使用that 不用
which 引导。）本句句意：大熊猫国家公园旨在为生活在大熊猫范围内的所有物种提供更有力的保
护，并大大改善该地区的生态系统健康。故填that。
12.（2022 年全国甲卷语法填空）On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang,__________
lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province.
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在这1100 公里的旅程中，这位在8 岁时因车祸而失明的男子曹胜
康穿越了三个省的40 个城市和县城。分析句子结合句意可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词
为Cao Shengkang，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who 引导。故填who。
13.（2022 年浙江卷1 月语法填空）Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in
Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics _________ are cutting back on their air travel
because of climate change.
【答案】that/who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：亚特兰大佐治亚科技研究院的教授Kim Cobb 是一个少数但是不断
增加的少数学者中的一员，因为气候变化，他们正在削减他们的飞机旅行。名词academics 后为定
语从句且在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词替代，故填that/who。
14.（2022 年全国乙卷短文改错）They often run at high speeds, what may put our lives in danger.
【答案】what → which
【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：它们经常高速行驶，这可能会危及我们的生命。分析句子结
构可知，逗号后是非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的一句话，在从句中做主语，应用which 引
导。故将what 改为which。
15.（2022 年北京卷语法填空）That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of ________ are only good
for one use.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这包括杯子、瓶子和袋子，其中大多数（东西）只能使用一次。分
析可知，most of ______are only good for one use 在句中为非限制性定语从句；先行词为cups,
bottles, and bags，在从句中作介词of 的宾语，所以此处用关系代词which。故填which。
二 创新基础练
在设空处填写一个适当的单词。
1.（24-25 高三下·广东深圳·模拟预测）In the past, Chinese animation was seen as products for a
younger audience, with technical standards and narrative abilities __________ struggled to match with
Hollywood or Japanese animation.
【答案】 which/that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在过去，中国动画被视为面向年轻观众的产品，其技术标准和叙事
能力难以与好莱坞或日本动画相媲美。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词technical standards
and narrative abilities。先行词指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which 或that 引导该
从句。故填which/that。
2.（24-25 高三下·江苏南通·阶段练习）Working with tourism companies from Guilin, they transformed
their surroundings into a terraced (梯田) landscape __________ tourists were delighted in all seasons
and profited from its development.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：通过与桂林的旅游公司合作，他们将周边环境改造成了一片梯田景
观，游客们一年四季都能在此处玩得开心，并且还能从梯田景观的发展中获益。本空引导非限制性
定语从句，先行词是a terraced (梯田) landscape，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关
系副词where 引导。故填where。
3.（2025·江苏常州·一模）Have you heard of the term Start of Winter? There are things you may not
know about it. Start of Winter is the first one of 24 Solar terms, among it means winter is
coming and crops harvested in autumn should be stored up.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：立冬是24 节气中的第一个节气，这意味着冬天即将来临，秋天收
获的庄稼应该储存起来。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是“24 Solar terms”，在介词
“among”后作宾语，关系代词要用“which”，故填which。
4.（24-25 高三下·江苏盐城·阶段练习）Congratulations to China and all Asian athletes on your inspiring
Olympic success, achievements have not only redefined the limits of human potential but have
also made a new era for Asia on the world stage.
【答案】whose
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：祝贺中国和所有亚洲运动员取得鼓舞人心的奥运成功，你们的成就
不仅重新定义了人类潜力的极限，也在世界舞台上开启了亚洲的新时代。空处引导非限制定语从
句，先行词是China and all Asian athletes，在定语从句中作achievements 的定语，用 whose 引导定
语从句，故填whose。
5.（24-25 高三下·江苏苏州·阶段练习）Don’t miss the very visual feast challenges people’s
fixed images of animated films.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：不要错过这场挑战人们对动画电影固定印象的视觉盛宴。此处引导
限制性定语从句修饰visual feast，且在从句中作主语，故用that 或which。故填that/which。
6.（24-25 高三上·江苏扬州·开学考试） Furong Cave, as marvelous as the other sights, is the only cave
in China __________ was listed in the World Natural Heritage List.
【答案】that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：芙蓉洞与其他景点一样神奇，是中国唯一一个被列入世界自然遗产
名录的洞穴。此处引导定语从句，先行词为the only cave，指物，从句中缺少主语，故应用that 引
导，故填that。
7.（2025·江苏·模拟预测）Other factors might make it more challenging for people to make
friends include having social anxiety disorder, preferring to stay alone, or not knowing where to look for
new friends.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：其他可能使人们更难交朋友的因素包括患有社交焦虑症、喜欢独处
或不知道去哪里寻找新朋友。本空引导定语从句，修饰先行词factors，且关系词代替先行词在从句
中作主语，指物，用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。
8.（2024·湖南长沙·模拟） Alibaba’s Hema Fresh Store, _________ customers can shop, dine and order
goods for delivery from their mobile phones via Alipay, has come into the spotlight recently. Media
reports say that consumers can’t purchase goods with cash there, which would be considered illegal.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：阿里巴巴的“盒马鲜生店”最近备受关注，顾客可以通过支付宝手
机购物、用餐和订购外卖。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Alibaba’s Hema Fresh Store，先行
词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where 引导。故填where。
9.（24-25 高三下·河北保定·开学考试）The specialties include “fish cake”, ciba and wild lotus root,
awakening my nostalgia (思念) for the place _________ I grew up, as well as a strong sense of missing
loved ones back in my old hometown. So long as that feeling does not wane, never would nianwei.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这里的特色菜有“鱼饼”、糍粑和野莲藕，唤起了我对家乡的怀
念，也唤起了我对故乡亲人的强烈思念。此处需要使用关系词引导定语从句，先行词为place，先
行词在从句中作地点状语，因此需要使用关系副词where。故填where。
10.（24-25 高三下·江苏扬州·阶段练习）One reason is _________ when great books move to the big
screen, some plot details and characters are lost.
【答案】that
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：其中一个原因是，当伟大的书籍被搬上大银幕时，一些情节细节和
人物就会丢失。设空处引导表语从句，从句中不缺成分，且无实际意义，应用that 引导该从句，故
填that。
11.（24-25 高三下·江苏苏州·阶段练习）Two models of the CR450 high-speed train, unveiled on
Sunday in Beijing, can reach a test speed of 450 kilometers per hour, _________ means the CR450 will
become the fastest high-speed train in the world once brought into commercial service.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：周日在北京公布的两款CR450 高速列车的测试速度可以达到每小
时450 公里，这意味着一旦投入商业服务，CR450 将成为世界上最快的高速列车。分析句子结构可
知，此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“达到每小时450 公里的测试速度”这件事，应用关系代
词which，在从句中作主语。故填which。
12. （2025· 江苏泰州· 一模）For instance, the annual sports meeting is filled with thrills,_______
students can show their athletic abilities. Cultural festivals also offer a platform for them to display their
talents in art, music, and so on.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：例如，年度运动会充满了刺激，学生们可以在此展示他们的运动能
力。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，所以此处使用关系副词，先
行词sports meeting 为抽象地点名词，所以此处使用关系副词where。故填where。
13.（24-25 高三下·浙江宁波·阶段练习）Since 2015, Li has started posting short videos on Sina Weibo,
_________she, often dressed in graceful traditional garments, rises at sunrise, rests at sunset, plants seeds,
harvests flowers, cooks Chinese dishes and crafts bamboo furniture.
【答案】 where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：自2015 年以来，李开始在新浪微博上发布短视频，在视频中，她
经常穿着优雅的传统服装，日出而起，日落而眠，播种，收割，烹饪中国菜和制作竹家具。空处引
导非限制性定语从句，先行词是short videos，关系词在从句中作地点状语，使用关系副词where 引
导，故填where。
14.（24-25 高三下·浙江杭州·阶段练习）The tea ceremony can be a form of meditation and self-
reflection,___________ helps people to calm their minds and find inner peace.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：茶道可以是一种冥想和自我反思的形式，它有助于人们平静心灵，
找到内心的平静。“____ helps people to calm their minds and find inner peace”是非限制性定语从
句，修饰先行词a form of meditation and self-reflection，关系词将其代入从句中作主语，应用关系代
词which 引导从句。故填which。
14.（2025·重庆·一模）Among the students is 66-year-old Ray Magri, __________ has been studying
Chinese for five years, driven by his passion for Chinese culture.
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：学生中有66 岁的Ray Magri，由于对中国文化的热爱，他已经学习
中文五年了。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词Ray Magri 是人，因此
空格处用关系代词who，故填who。
15.（2025·全国·模拟预测）When they later sought opportunities in the United States, they brought
Hunan and Sichuan Cuisines to New York, __________ these two cooking styles were adjusted to suit
local tastes.
【答案】where
【解析】考查连词。句意：后来，当他们在美国寻找机会时，他们把湖南菜和四川菜带到了纽约，
在那里，这两种烹饪风格都经过了调整，以适应当地的口味。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词
是New York，表示地点的名词，应用where 引导定语从句，关系词在从句中作地点状语。或者空
处用and，连接前后两句话，表示并列。故填where/and。
16.（24-25 高三上·浙江·阶段练习）In the north, people tend to eat dumplings, __________ shape looks
like ears, in order to prevent people from frostbite (冻疮) on ears, while people in southern China prefer
sweet dumplings, rice balls and long noodles to express their good wishes.
【答案】whose
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在北方，人们倾向于吃饺子，饺子的形状像耳朵，以防止人们耳朵
冻伤，而南方人则喜欢吃甜汤圆、汤圆和长寿面来表达他们的美好愿望。此处为非限制性定语从
句，修饰先行词dumplings，且先行词在从句中作定语，所以用关系代词whose 引导该从句。故填
whose。
17.（24-25 高三上·浙江杭州·阶段练习）Shanghai-based language and literature magazine Yaowen
Jiaozi, literally meaning “biting phrases and chewing characters,” recently unveiled its Top 10 Chinese
Buzzwords for 2024. Released on December 2, the list spotlights linguistic trends reflect
societal changes.
【答案】which/that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：该名单于12 月2 日发布，重点关注反映社会变化的语言趋势。“
reflect societal changes”为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词linguistic trends，指物，关系词将其代入从
句中作主语，应用关系代词which/that 引导从句。故填which/that。
18. （24-25 高三上· 山东潍坊· 开学考试）It's very important for us British to be in Bath in this
afternoon,__________is the best and most elegant afternoon tea destination,”said Dianne Francombe, CEO
of the Bristol and West of England China Bureau.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：今天下午,我们英国人来到巴斯,这是最重要、最优雅的下午茶目的
地。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Bath，指物，应填which，作定语从句的主语，故填
which。
19. （24-25 高三上· 浙江杭州· 开学考试） One striking part of the exhibition is the hand
axes,__________
are fundamental tools that were created
and used by early humans.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：展览中最引人注目的部分是手斧，这是早期人类创造和使用的基本
工具。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词hand axes 是物，因此空格处
用关系代词which，故填which。
20.（2024·江苏·二模） It was first discovered in the wooden structure of the Hemudu site the
ancestors lived more than 7,000 years ago.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它最初是在7000 多年前祖先居住的河姆渡遗址的木结构中发现
的。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“the Hemudu site”，在定语从句中担当地点状语，用关系
副词where 引导。故填where。
21.（2025·河北·模拟预测）The Shenzhou XVII astronauts, are the sixth crew to inhabit the
Tiangong space station, arrived at the enormous flying outpost on Oct. 26, 2023 to take over from their
peers (同行) in the Shenzhou XVI mission.
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：10 月26 日，神舟17 号的宇航员接替神舟16 号的任务，他们是第
6 批居住在天宫空间站的宇航员，抵达这个巨大的飞行前哨。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定
语从句，先行词是The Shenzhou XVII astronauts，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词
who 引导，故填who。
22.（2025·浙江·模拟） Not only was popcorn mobile, but it could be mass-produced without a kitchen,
an advantage another crunchy snack — the potato chip — lacked.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：爆米花不仅可以移动，而且可以在没有厨房的情况下批量生产，这
是另一种脆脆的零食——薯片——所缺乏的优势。在定语从句中缺少宾语，且先行词为
advantage，所以应用关系代词which 或that。故填which/that。
23.（2025·山西·模拟）More than 300 participants were from international organizations,
research institutes, universities and enterprises came together at the 6th International Agricultural Research
Conference in Beijing on December 15,2022 to exchange ideas on how to make a contribution to global
food security, calling for more international cooperation in agriculture.
【答案】who/that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：2022 年12 月15 日，来自国际组织、研究机构、大学和企业的300
多名代表齐聚北京，就如何为全球粮食安全做出贡献交换意见，呼吁加强农业领域的国际合作。根
据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用关系代词引导定语从句，修饰先行词participants。先行词在从
句中作主语，指人，因此可使用关系代词who/that，故填who/that。
24.（2025·浙江杭州·模拟预测）For those who cannot make it to Guanghan, __________ the extensive
site of Sanxingdui is located, an immersive exhibition equipped with digital technology, titled Hello
Sanxingdui, offers an alternative means to be awed by the magnificence of this Bronze Age culture.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：对于那些不能去广汉三星堆遗址所在地的人来说，一个名为“你
好，三星堆”的数字技术沉浸式展览为他们提供了另一种方式，让他们惊叹于青铜时代文化的辉
煌。此处是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Guanghan，关系词在从句作地点状语，应用关系副词
where 引导。故填where。
25.（2025·浙江嘉兴·模拟预测）As someone belonging to the Han ethnic group, she has always been
eager to wear clothing is representative of her community.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：作为一个汉族人，她一直渴望穿上能代表她所在社区的衣
服。该空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是clothing，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，用
关系代词that/which。故填that/which。
26.（2025·江西南昌·一模）There will be a phase __________ exercising harder won't give you any
extra years and may actually start doing damage to your body instead.
【答案】when
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：会有一个阶段，更努力的锻炼不会让你多活几年，反而可能开始损
害你的身体。设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是phase，关系词在从句中作时间状语，用关系
副词when 引导定语从句。故填when。
27.（24-25 高三上·辽宁大连·期末）In 2024, China’s museums are witnessing a remarkable revival,
drawing crowds of visitors and transforming into the most renowned cultural centers __________
combine learning with enjoyment and relaxation.
【答案】that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：2024 年，中国的博物馆将迎来一场引人注目的复兴，吸引着大批
游客，成为集学习与娱乐休闲于一体的最著名的文化中心。空处引导定语从句，先行词是cultural
centers，在从句中作主语，先行词前有最高级修饰，只能用that 引导。故填that。
28.（24-25 高三上·安徽合肥·阶段练习）In her eighties, Fan Jinshi is working hard, tirelessly devoted
to conserving and managing the caves. She hopes that young people will carry on the “Mogao Spirit” and
build a better Dunhuang Academy, __________ she spent her lifetime.
【答案】 where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：她希望年轻一代可以发扬“莫高精神”，开创一个更好的敦煌研究
院，这是她一生辛勤耕耘的地方。本句为定语从句，定语从句中缺少地点状语，应用where 引导限
制性定语从句指代先行词Dunhuang Academy。故填where。
29.（24-25 高三上·福建·期末）When Su was exiled ( 流放) to Hangzhou, he initiated a thorough
dredging (清淤) of West Lake, benefits were immediate and clear for the locals.
【答案】whose
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：当苏被流放到杭州时，他开始对西湖进行彻底的疏浚，这对当地人
来说是立竿见影的。设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作定语，指代前文“西湖
疏浚的益处”即表示所属关系。故填whose。
30.（24-25 高三上·福建福州·期末）The British Library expanded its Chinese collection on Nov. 21 by
adding printed copies of 10 novels originally published online by Chinese authors, follows the
library’s first inclusion of 16 titles of online Chinese literature in 2022.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：11 月21 日，大英图书馆扩大了中文馆藏，新增了10 本中国作家原
创网络小说的印刷版，此前大英图书馆于2022 年首次收录了16 本中国网络文学作品。非限制性定
语从句修饰上文句子，从句缺少主语，所以用关系代词用which。故填which。
31.（2025 高三上·全国·阶段练习）Lu Ming, director of the university’s School of Information and
Electrical Engineering, says that the school will help Peng to pursue his dream—to be a prosthetics
engineer, a career will in time change lives.
【答案】 that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：该校信息与电气工程学院院长卢明表示，该校将帮助彭兰溪实现成
为一名假肢工程师的梦想，这是将最终改变他的生活的职业生涯。分析句子结构和意思可知，
will in time change lives 是限制性定语从句，先行词是a career，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，用
关系代词that/which 引导。故填that/which。
32.（24-25 高三上·重庆沙坪坝·开学考试） Large’s efforts reflect a broader trend: a growing French
fascination with Chinese culture, he hopes will continue to strengthen.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：拉奇的努力反映了一个更广泛的趋势：法国人对中国文化越来越着
迷，他希望这种迷恋能继续加强。引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子，因此使用
“which”。故填which。
33.（24-25 高三上·福建莆田·期末）Every October, it is the harvest season for pomelo, a time
merchants flock to Duli Town to purchase the fruit.
【答案】when
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：每年10 月，是柚子的收获季节，商人们蜂拥到度尾镇购买柚子。
此处为限定性定语从句，先行词是time，指的是时间，关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词
when 引导。故填when。
34.（2025 高三上·湖南长沙·阶段练习）The production techniques were upgraded and the patterns
became more various, most of stood for good luck such as the fish, dragon and monkey.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：生产技术得到了升级，图案变得更加多样，其中大多数代表着好
运，如鱼、龙和猴。在非限制性定语从句中缺少介词of 的宾语，且先行词为patterns，所以应用关
系代词which。故填which。
35.（24-25 高三上·重庆·开学考试）For example, Bush imagines thoughtful designs in a Scandinavian-
style bedroom __________ he’d center the space with a solid wood bed frame and headboard in a natural
color.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：例如，布什设想在斯堪的纳维亚风格的卧室中进行深思熟虑的设
计，在那里他将以实木床架和自然颜色的床头板作为空间的中心。定语从句修饰先行词bedroom，
在从句作地点状语，故用where。故填where。
36.（24-25 高三上·重庆·阶段练习）The reef structure is composed of billions of tiny organisms,______
support a wide diversity of marine life.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：礁体结构由数十亿微小生物组成，维持着多样的海洋生物。空处引
导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词tiny organisms。先行词指物，定语从句缺少主语，所以用关系
代词which 引导该从句。故填which。
37. （24-25 高三上·福建福州·阶段练习） The shows drew over 22,000 French students, half of
got involved in the workshops on Chinese opera makeups and gestures afterwards.
【答案】whom
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这些演出吸引了超过2.2 万名法国学生，其中一半的学生参加了之
后关于中国戏曲化妆和手势的研讨会。half of whom 引导定语从句，whom 指代先行词French
students 作of 宾语。故填whom。
38.（2025 高三上·黑龙江·模拟试题）As such, it is an important part of our collective global culture, and
one essential part should be learned more about.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：因此，它是我们全球集体文化的重要组成部分，也是我们应该更多
地了解的重要组成部分。空格处引导限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词part 是物，因此空
格处用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。
39.（2025·山东潍坊·一模）Chinese Basic Art Education Literature Exhibition, __________ highlight is
to show the development of the country's fundamental fine arts education since 1904.
【答案】whose
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：丰的故事在正在进行的“未来之镜：中国基础教育艺术展”中明显
体现出来，该展览的亮点是展示自1904 年以来中国基础美术教育的发展。空处引导非限制性定语
从句，修饰先行词Exhibition，且引导词代替先行词在从句中作定语，修饰名词highlight，需用关
系代词whose 引导。故填whose。
40.（2025·山东德州·一模）Forest habitats __________ leopard cats live are not ideally suited to bone
preservation.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：豹猫生活的森林栖息地并不适合保存骨骼。定语从句修饰先行词
habitats，关系词替代先行词在从句作地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。
三 难度拔高单项选择练
根据句意，选出一个正确的选项。
1．There are several themes ________ in Charlotte Bronte’s novels, in ________ the heroines often
struggle against social constraints.
A．explored; their
B．to explore; whom
C．explored; which
D．exploring; whose
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词和定语从句。句意：夏洛蒂·勃朗特的小说中探讨了几个主题，在这些主
题中，人物经常与社会束缚作斗争。句中are 为谓语动词，第一空应该使用非谓语动词，此处
themes 与explore 之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词explored 作后置定语；第二空构成介词+关系代
词引导定语从句的结构，引导词在从句中作宾语，指代前文的novels，为物用which。故选C。
2．You will eventually find friends in your new town _______ can help you fit in.
A．who
B．which
C．where
D．whom
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：你最终会在新城镇找到能帮你融入新环境的朋友。分析句子结构可
知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词friends，指人，且在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词
who 来引导。故选A 项。
3．It was in the garden ________ she first met her boss ________ she lost her favorite ring that her father
bought for her as a birthday present.
A．that; that
B．that; where
C．where; that
D．which; that
【答案】C
【解析】考查强调句型和定语从句。句意：正是在她第一次遇见老板的花园里，她丢失了她父亲给
她买的作为生日礼物的最喜爱的戒指。第一空引导定语从句，先行词the garden，在定语从句中作
地点状语，需用关系副词where 引导，第一空填where；第二个空为强调句，It is/was+被强调部分
+that...为强调句型，强调地点状语in the garden，第二空填that。故选C。
4．Singapore’s ArtScience Museum showed the connection between nature and the city environment
______ it sits.
A．which
B．where
C．what
D．how
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：新加坡的艺术科学博物馆展示了其所处位置自然与城市环境
之间的联系。 空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the city environment，且在从句中作地点状语，所
以应用关系副词where 引导该定语从句。 故选B。
5．During the intense fight in World War I, Surgent Presley led his unit through countless terrifyinging
experiences and escaped death on a number of occasions ________ a split-second decision could have
meant life or death.
A．when
B．where
C．which
D．that
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在第一次世界大战的激烈战斗中，瑟金特
普雷斯利率领他的部队
・
经历了无数可怕的遭遇，多次在生死存亡的瞬间侥幸逃生。分析句子可知，这里考查定语从句，先
行词 occasions，表“某个具体的时间点或时机”，在从句中作时间状语，所以应用关系副词when
引导。故选A 项。
6．The businesswoman, ________ innovative business model revolutionized e-commerce, announced her
retirement yesterday.
A．whom
B．whose
C．which
D．who
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这位女商人昨天宣布退休，她的创新商业模式彻底改变了电子商
务。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是businesswoman，关系词在从句中作定语，应用关系代
词whose 引导，故选B。
7．The man ________ you are going to make friends is my father’s neighbour.
A．with whom
B．when
C．to whom
D．which
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：你将要与之交朋友的那个人是我父亲的邻居。此处为“介词+关系
词”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the man，指人，关系词需在从句中作介词的宾语，与“make
friends”构成搭配“make friends with sb.”，因此介词应选with，指人的关系代词用whom，即“with
whom”。故选A。
8．The article, ______ I worked all night, has not only been published in the local newspaper, sparking a
series of discussions and debates.
A．for which
B．on which
C．with which
D．against which
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这篇我通宵写作的文章不仅在当地报纸上发表，引发了一系列的讨
论和辩论。空格处是“介词+which/whom”引导非限制性定语从句，work on 是固定短语，意为“忙
于”，先行词The article 是物，因此空格处是on which。故选B。
9．The organization, ______ mission is to provide aid to underprivileged children, is believed to have
made a substantial impact on the lives of thousands of young people through its various programs.
A．where
B．that
C．which
D．whose
【答案】D
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：该组织的使命是为贫困儿童提供援助，人们相信，该组织通过各种
项目，已经对成千上万年轻人的生活产生了重大影响。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是The
organization，指物，关系词在定语从句中作定语，修饰名词mission，所以空处需用关系代词
whose 引导定语从句。故选D。
10．I was nearly as excited about the snow this morning as the children, ______ I found all looking
through the window at the magic outside.
A．that
B．when
C．which
D．whom
【答案】D
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：今天早上我几乎和孩子们一样为雪感到兴奋，我发现他们都在透过
窗户看外面的神奇景象。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the children，先行词指人，关系
词指代先行词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词whom。故选D。
11．We all believe that people _______ interest is exploring the relationship between art and science will
enjoy this exhibition.
A．those
B．who
C．whose
D．which
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们都相信，那些对探索艺术与科学之间关系感兴趣的人会喜欢这
个展览。此处为关系词引导定语从句，先行词people 指人，与空后的名词interest 之间为所属关
系，所以此处使用关系代词whose 引导。故选C 项。
12．The files on the server are broken into tiny packets of information, which may travel together or take
completely different routes back to your device, ______ they are reassembled.
A．why
B．which
C．where
D．how
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：服务器上的文件被分解成微小的信息包，这些信息包可能会一起传
输，也可能会沿着完全不同的路线返回到您的设备，然后在您的设备上重新组装。A. why 为什
么；B. which 哪一个；C. where 在哪里；D. how 如何。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词
your device，且在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where 引导。故选C。
13．—Where would you like to go on vacation?
—I’d like to spend the time in a village ________ is surrounded by mountains.
A．who
B．what
C．which
D．how
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：——你想去哪里度假？——我想在一个被山环绕的村庄度过这段时
间。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词为a village，指物，关系代词代替先行词在从句中作主语，
用which/that 引导，故选C。
14．A peacemaker is someone ________ makes peace, especially by setting disputes.
A．what
B．whose
C．which
D．who
【答案】D
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：和事佬是指制造和平的人，尤其是通过解决争端来实现和平的人。
空处引导定语从句，先行词someone，指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who 引导。故选
D。
15．Viewers are attracted by Van Gogh’s sunflower paintings ______ they see the artist’s passion and
feelings.
A．that
B．which
C．where
D．what
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：观众被梵高的向日葵画作所吸引，在这些画作中他们能看到艺术家
的激情和情感。“ they see the artist’s passion and feelings”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词
sunflower paintings，关系词将其代入从句中作地点状语，表示“在这些画作中”，用关系副词
where 引导定语从句。故选C 项。
四 高考模拟练
Passage 1（24-25 高三·云南师范·模拟试题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
With the arrival of summer, round or folding fans are back in the hands of contemporary Chinese
people. Besides being a practical way 1 (keep) cool, fans are also great fashion 2
(accessory) for traditional Chinese clothes.
Do-it-yourself marbled fans are gaining popularity in China. Originally 3 (develop) as
souvenirs for visitors to Chengdu, Luoyang and Xi’an, each fan is unique due to the nature of the marbling
process.
Instead of purchasing fans, visitors can create their own fans 4 (artistic) on any street corner,
following the vendor’s instructions and choosing the colors and styles of fans they like. The colors used in
marbled fans are typically rich and vibrant, which adds 5 their appeal. They can range from soft
and pale colors to bold and intense ones, 6 (create) a visually striking effect.
Now, 7 this interactive art form gains popularity across China, the charm and grace of
Chinese fans live on with the innovation of artisans. When people take up these pretty fans on let surely
afternoons, they feel a gentle wind 8 not only cools them but also transports them to a bygone era,
evoking the graceful scenes of ancient scholars and fair ladies. More than just 9 representative of
fashion trends, it is a respect for and preservation of cultural heritage, celebrating the artistry and timeless
beauty that fans 10 (express) for centuries.
【答案】
1．to keep 2．accessories 3．developed 4．artistically 5．to 6．creating 7．
as 8．that/which 9．a 10．have expressed/have been expressing
【导语】这是一篇说明文。艺术风的中式大理石纹扇子再度流行。亲自制作这样一把扇子不仅是对
时尚潮流的追逐，更是对文化遗产的保护和致敬。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：除了是一种有效的降温方式之外，扇子还是中国传统服饰的绝佳时尚
配饰。修饰名词way 用不定式作后置定语。故填to keep。
2．考查名词单复数。句意：除了是一种有效的降温方式之外，扇子还是中国传统服饰的绝佳时尚
配饰。accessory“配饰”是可数名词，结合主语fans 可知，此处用复数形式表泛指，故填
accessories。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：最初这些扇子是为前往成都、洛阳和西安的游客设计的纪念品，由于
其独特的雕花工艺，每把扇子都是独一无二的。develop 和句子主语“each fan”形成被动关系，故
用过去分词作状语。故填developed。
4．考查副词。句意：游客们无需购买扇子，可以在任何街角按照摊贩的指示，亲手制作属于自己
的扇子，挑选自己喜欢的颜色和样式即可。修饰动词create 用副词artistically，故填artistically。
5．考查介词。句意：雕花扇所使用的颜色通常色彩丰富、鲜艳夺目，这进一步增添了其魅力。add
to“增添，增加”，故填to。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：它们的颜色可以从柔和淡雅的色调到鲜艳浓烈的色彩，从而营造出极
具视觉冲击力的效果。句中已有谓语动词can range，空处应用非谓语动词，此处create 与上文句子
构成主动关系，故用现在分词作结果状语。故填creating。
7．考查状语从句。句意：如今，随着这种互动艺术形式在中国日益流行，中国粉丝们的魅力与风
采也在工匠们的创新中得以延续。引导时间状语从句，表示“随着”用as。故填as。
8．考查定语从句。句意：当人们在明媚的午后拿起这些精美的扇子时，他们能感受到一阵轻柔的
微风，这阵风不仅为他们带来凉爽，还将他们带回到久远的过去，唤起了古代文人雅士和美丽女子
那优雅的场景。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为表示物的名词“wind”，关系词在从句中作主
语，应用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。
9．考查冠词。句意：它不仅仅代表着时尚潮流，更是一种对文化遗产的尊重与传承，它颂扬着扇
子数百年来所所持续展现的艺术魅力和永恒之美。representative“代表”是可数名词单数形式，此
处为泛指，且该词是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
10．考查动词的时态。句意：它不仅仅代表着时尚潮流，更是一种对文化遗产的尊重与传承，它颂
扬着扇子数百年来所展现/所持续展现的艺术魅力和永恒之美。结合句意及后文提“for centuries”可
知，此处可用现在完成时，表示动作对现在的影响或现在完成进行时表示动作持续到现在，主语
fans 是复数，助动词用have。故填have expressed 或have been expressing。
Passage 2（24-25 高三上·江苏·期末）
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
During holidays, Liuchi Alley fills with thousands of visitors each day — 11 (draw) there
by the story of its creation and the lessons that can be learned from it.
The name derives from the Mandarin word for six and chi — a traditional Chinese unit of length
that corresponds to one-third of a metre. It was so named because of 12 (it) width. In the early
Qing Dynasty it served as the boundary between the households of two eminent families. To the south was
the Zhang family and to the north the Wu family. Both 13 (have) male members in high
positions within the court of Emperor Kangxi or in other regions around the country. But the two 14
(family) quarrelled. The source of their dispute was the boundary between their two properties 15
which family had the right to build a wall on the dividing line. After trying, and failing, 16
(appeal) to a regional official for mediation, the Zhangs wrote to Zhang Ying, their most prominent family
member and a trusted top official in the emperor’s court. His response, 17 is still celebrated in
the form of a poem, did not provide the support for which his family had hoped. Instead, he called for his
kinfolk to step back 1 metre from the boundary — a suggestion that so moved the disputing parties that
both did 18 (exact) that. Thus the alley was born.
The alley has often been cited in 19 (connect) with thoughts on tolerance, morality, social
order and the qualities that define a good official. To ordinary folk, the story is about 20 to get
along with other people.
【答案】
11．drawn 12．its 13．had 14．families 15．and 16．to appeal 17．which
18．exactly 19．connection 20．how
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了柳枝巷的历史由来以及它所蕴含的关于宽容、道德、社会
秩序以及优秀官员品质的思考。
11．考查非谓语动词。句意：节假日期间，柳枝巷每天都会迎来成千上万的游客 —— 他们被柳枝
巷的创建故事以及从中可以学到的经验教训所吸引。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词fills，
所以draw 需用非谓语动词形式，visitors 和draw 为逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词形式作定语。故填
drawn。
12．考查代词。句意：它之所以得名，是因为它的宽度。修饰名词width 需用it 的形容词性物主代
词。故填its。
13．考查动词时态。句意：两家都有男性成员在康熙皇帝的朝廷或全国其他地区担任要职。根据空
前的“In the early Qing Dynasty”及空后的“within the court of Emperor Kangxi”可知，此处陈述过去
发生的事情，使用一般过去时。故填had。
14．考查名词。句意：但两家人发生了争执。family 为可数名词，前面有two 修饰，应用复数形
式。故填families。
15．考查连词。句意：他们争论的焦点是两家房产之间的界限，以及哪家有权在分界线上建墙。
“the boundary between their two properties”和“which family had the right to build a wall on the
dividing line”为并列关系，需用连词and 连接。故填and。
16．考查非谓语动词。句意：在向一名地区官员寻求调解失败后，张家写信给张英，张英是他们家
族中最杰出的人物，也是皇帝朝廷中值得信赖的高级官员。try to do sth.和为固定搭配，表示“尝
试做某事”，所以空处需用动词不定式形式。故填to appeal。
17．考查定语从句。句意：他的回应以诗歌的形式流传至今，但并没有为他的家人提供他们所期望
的支持。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词response，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代
词which 引导。故填which。
18．考查副词。句意：相反，他呼吁他的族人从边界后退1 米 —— 这个建议让争执双方深受感
动，双方都照做了。修饰动词did 需用exact 的副词形式，作状语。故填exactly。
19．考查名词。句意：这条小巷经常被引用，与宽容、道德、社会秩序以及定义好官员的品质等思
想联系在一起。此处为名词作宾语，connect 的名词为connection，意为“联系，关系”，in
connection with 为固定短语，意为“与……有关”。故填connection。
20．考查疑问词。句意：对普通人来说，这个故事讲的是如何与他人相处。此处为“疑问词 + 不
定式”结构，作介词about 的宾语，结合句意，此处表示方式，所以此处为how to get along with
other people 意为“如何与他人相处”，符合语境。故填how。
Passage 3（24-25 高三上·四川·阶段练习）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Historically, Chinese silk made its way to Rome even before the beginning of the Common Era (时
代). The Silk Road 21 (facilitate) the exchange of Chinese culture with the West, while Western
culture found its way to the East. 22 everyone knows, the Silk Road symbolizes the friendship
between European and Asian peoples, With a history 23 (stretch) over 2,000 years, the origins of
the Silk Road in China trace back to the Han Dynasty. Although it was 24 (primary) a trade route,
it provided mutual benefits from the beginning. Throughout history, many 25 (note) figures have
significantly contributed 26 the Silk Road’s development, Today, this ancient route serves as a
historical textbook, offering insights into the 27 (event) of that era. It played a crucial role in the
advancement of global civilization, fostering long-distance political 28 economic interactions
between Europe and Asia. Even today, the Silk Road remains a major 29 (attract), drawing tourists
from China and around 30 world.
【答案】
21．facilitated 22．As 23．stretching 24．primarily 25．notable/noted 26．to
27．events 28．and 29．attraction 30．the
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国丝绸之路历史悠久，促进东西方交流，如今仍具
魅力。
21．考查时态。句意：丝绸之路促进了中国文化与西方文化的交流，同时西方文化也找到了通往东
方的道路。句子描述的是历史事件，因此用一般过去时。故填facilitated。
22．考查定语从句。句意：众所周知，丝绸之路象征着欧亚人民之间的友谊。丝绸之路在中国的起
源可以追溯到汉代，距今已有2000 多年的历史。As everyone knows 是固定短语，表示“众所周
知”，as 引导非限定性定语从句，表示“正如”之意。 故填As。
23．考查非谓语动词。句意：众所周知，丝绸之路象征着欧亚人民之间的友谊。丝绸之路在中国的
起源可以追溯到汉代，距今已有2000 多年的历史。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。
stretch 与其逻辑主语history 是主谓关系，所以用现在分词作状语。 故填stretching。
24．考查副词。句意：虽然它主要是一条贸易路线，但它从一开始就提供了互惠互利。primarily 是
副词，修饰整句话，表示“主要是”。 故填primarily。
25．考查形容词。句意：历史上，许多名人为丝绸之路的发展做出了重要贡献。今天，这条古老的
道路成为历史教科书，让人们了解那个时代的事件。notable/noted 是形容词，表示“著名的”，修
饰名词figures。故填notable/noted。
26．考查介词。句意：历史上，许多名人为丝绸之路的发展做出了重要贡献。今天，这条古老的道
路成为历史教科书，让人们了解那个时代的事件。contribute to...是固定搭配，表示“对……做出贡
献”。 故填to。
27．考查名词的数。句意：历史上，许多名人为丝绸之路的发展做出了重要贡献。今天，这条古老
的道路成为历史教科书，让人们了解那个时代的事件。名词event 是可数，泛指，表示“那些时代
的事件”，用复数形式。 故填events。
28．考查连词。句意：它在全球文明的进步中发挥了至关重要的作用，促进了欧洲和亚洲之间的远
距离政治和经济互动。前后为并列成分，此处用and 连接。故填and。
29．考查名词。句意：直到今天，丝绸之路仍然是一个重要的景点，吸引着来自中国和世界各地的
游客。形容词major 后接名词形式，此处前面有不定冠词a，所以要用名词的单数形式attraction，
表示“吸引力”。 故填attraction。
30．考查冠词。句意：直到今天，丝绸之路仍然是一个重要的景点，吸引着来自中国和世界各地的
游客。around the world 是固定表达，表示“全世界”。故填the。
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