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2 00 5年高考3年模拟 B版 英语(教师用书)
专题九 定语从句
学生用书P317
定语从句在句子中起定语的作用 功能上相当于形容词 用于修饰名词或代词 定语从句分为限制性定语从句与非限制性定
, , 。
语从句 定语从句的难点在于如何准确判断应该使用关系代词还是关系副词 以及关系代词that与which的区别
。 , 。
学生用书P318
所有的研究人员都知道这位著名的农业科学家 他为解决这个
1 限制性定语从句VS非限制性定语从句 ,
问题做出了巨大的贡献
。
对先行词起修饰 限制作用 是先行词不可缺少 All researchers knowthefamousphysicalscientistMadameCurie
限制性 、 , ,
的定语 如果省略 所修饰的先行词往往不明确 who has made a great discovery in science.(若把从句去掉,仍然
定语从句 , , ,
因此前面不用逗号 知道是哪位科学家)
所有的研究人员都知道著名的物理科学家居里夫人 她在科学
,
为先行词提供补充信息 起附加说明作用 即使 上有一个伟大的发现
, , 。
非限制性 去掉也不会影响先行词的明确性 常用逗号与主 The president attended the graduation ceremony which made all
, ,
定语从句 句隔开 除用于对具体事物补充信息外 还可以 participants delighted.(针对整个主句内容的说明)
; ,
是针对整个主句内容的说明 总统出席了毕业典礼 大家都很高兴
, 。
2 关系代词与关系副词的选择
All researchers know the famous agricultural scientist who has
made great contributions to solving the problem.(若把从句去掉, 定语从句该使用关系代词还是关系副词 关键在于去掉关
,
则不知道是哪位科学家) 系词后 句子是否缺少主语 宾表 表语或定语 试比较
, 、 、 。 :
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋专题九 定语从句 2 01
Is this the factory that/which you visited last year (visited是及 5 who、whom、whose的区别
?
物动词,缺少宾语)
Thisisthemanwhobrokethelaw.(作主语,用who)这就是那个
Is this the factory where you worked last year (worked 是不及
违法的人
?
。
物动词,后不缺定语)
Thisisthemanwhom/whoIdiscussedwith.(作宾语,who/whom
Is this the factory which you worked in last year
? (
last year是时 均可)
间状语,介词in后缺少宾语)
这就是和我讨论过的那个人
。
Is thisthefactorywhereyouworkedin
2023?
(in
2023
是时间状 Thisis the man with whom I discussed.(介词提到关系词之前
语,worked是不及物动词,后不缺宾语)
时,只能用whom)
关系代词 这就是和我讨论过的那个人
。
There arealargenumberofpatentexaminers whoseonlyjobisto
􀥭􀥭􀥭
,
3 宜用that不用which的情况
examine whether your claim is valid or not.(作定语,用whose)
有一大批专利审查人员 专门负责审查你的专利申请是否有效
情况 示例 , 。
6 as的用法
当先行词是all little
、 、
( )as的基本用法
much few 1
、 、 Lincoln􀆳s stepmother did everything 引导限制性定语从句时 常用于 such...as as/so...as the
everything nothing ① , 、 、
、 、 that she could do to help him get more same...as结构 先行词既可以指人又可以指物 as 在从句
none 等不定代词或 。 。
books.林肯的继母尽其所能帮他买更
中可作主语 宾语 表语
被 all little much 、 、 。
、 、 、 多的书
The teacher asked such a difficult question as no one could
few every no 等修 。
、 、
answer.
饰时
老师问了一个没有人能答出来的难题
。
当先行词是形容词
引导非限制性定语从句时 先行词为整个主句 可表示与前
This is the most awesome journey that
② , ,
最高级或序数词或
面的情况相同
the tourists have ever taken.这是游客
。
被形容词最高级或
I travel to Binhai New Area by light railway every day as do
们经历过的最棒的旅程
,
序数词修饰时 。
many businessmen who live in downtown Tianjin.我每天乘轻
当先行词前有 the The only thing that matters is that 轨去滨海新区 和住在天津市中心的许多商人一样
, 。
last the only the safety should be given the highest ( )as与which(引导非限制性定语从句)
、 、 2
very the same the priority.唯一重要的是安全应该被放 as引导的从句可置于句首 句中或句末 而which引导的从句
、 、 ① 、 ,
right等词修饰时 在首位 只能置于先行词后
。 。
Asweknow theglobalwatershortageisbecomingincreasingly
Later the old friends talked of things ,
severe mainly due to global warming.正如我们所知 全球水资
and persons that they remembered in ,
当先行词既有人又 源短缺正变得越来越严重 主要是由于全球变暖
high school. , 。
有物时 as引导非限制性定语从句时可以表达 正如 之意 而which
后来 老朋友们谈到了他们记得的高 ② “ ” ,
, 无此意
中时的事和人 。
。 As the Chinese philosopher Lao Zi wrote A journey of a
, “
当句中有两个定语 The businessman built up a small thousandmilesbeginswithasinglestep. 正如中国哲学家老子
”
从句时 若其中一个 factory which produced things that 所写 千里之行 始于足下
, , :“ , 。”
关 系 代 词 用 了 were suitable for children.这个商人建 易错易混 the same...as...与the same...that...
which 另一个关系 了一家小工厂 生产适合孩子们用的 This is the same dictionary as I lost.(同类不同物)
, ,
代词应用that 东西 这本词典和我丢的那本一样。
。
This is the same dictionary that I lost.(同类同物)
4 宜用which不用that的情况
这是我丢的那本词典。
( )引导非限制性定语从句时
1 介词 关系代词
Grammar which perhaps you do not like very much can help +
, , 􀥭􀥭􀥭􀥭􀥭
you to speak and write good English.或许你并不太喜欢语法 7 “介词+关系代词”结构
,
它却可以帮助你说出或写出好英语
。 当介词放在关系代词前面时 关系代词常用which 指代物
① , ( )
( )当先行词指物,且关系词前有介词时
2 或whom 指代人 并且不能省略
( ), 。
Fever is a condition in which the body temperature is higher
In the dark street there wasn􀆳t a single person to whom she
,
than normal.
could turn for help.在黑暗的街道上 没有一个她可以求助
,
发烧是体温高于正常温度的一种状况
。 的人
。
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋2 02 5年高考3年模拟 B版 英语(教师用书)
介词 关系代词 引导定语从句时 可用与之意义对应的关 外 还可以是case condition part point situation stage等表示抽
②“ + ” , , 、 、 、 、 、
系副词when where why替换 象地点的词
、 、 。 。
It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu It􀆳s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see
—
animal bones and shells on which where symbols were themselves differently.让孩子们处在他们能以不同的方式看待
( = )
carved by ancient Chinese people.它可以追溯到数千年前使用 自己的状况中是有帮助的
。
龙骨 动物骨头和贝壳的时期 中国古人在其上雕刻符号 注意 occasion作先行词时,若指“时候;时刻;时机”,要用
——— , 。
8 “介词+关系代词”结构中介词的选用 关系副词 when;若指“仪式;庆典;场合”,则要用关系副词
介词 关系代词 结构中介词的选用 应根据先行词的搭 where。
“ + ” ,
配 从句中动词/形容词的固定搭配以及从句的具体意义来 I can remember very few occasions when he had to cancel the
、
确定 meeting because of ill health.我记得他因健康状况不佳而被迫取
。
I􀆳ll never forget thetimeduringwhichIspentmychildhoodinthe 消会议的情况绝无仅有。
country. during the time 我永远不会忘记我在乡下度过童年的 知识拓展 介词 关系副词
( ) +
那段时光 有时为了表达清晰,可以在关系副词where或when前加介词。
。
The man to whom I talked is our principal. talk to sb. 跟我说话
( )
The wretched man stood at the top of the hill, from where he
的那个人是我们的校长
。 caught sight of the whole city in fire.
The two things about which Tom was not sure were grammar and
这个可怜的人站在山顶上,从那里他看到了整个城市在大火中。
idioms. be sure about
( ) The book was written in , since when the education system
汤姆没有把握的两件事是语法和成语 1946
。 has witnessedgreatchanges.这本书写于 年,自那时起,教育
知识拓展 介词 关系代词 不定式 1946
+ + 体系发生了巨大变化。
“介词 关系代词”引导的定语从句有时可以与“介词 关系代词
+ +
不定式”结构进行转换。 10 way作先行词时关系词的选用
+
I went to the shop in which I bought the precious gift. way作先行词且从句成分完整时 用that或in which 也可
, ,
I went to the shop in which to buy the precious gift. 以省略关系词
→ 。
我去了买那件珍贵礼物的商店。
The way that/in which the engineer solved the serious problem
( )
关系副词 is very good.
􀥭􀥭􀥭 工程师解决这个严重问题的方法很好
9 where的用法 。
关系副词 where 的先行词除了可以是表示具体地点的词
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋
学生用书P321
1. Within weeks it had all been digested and all 6. They􀆳re all situations we could use a little extra
, ,
was left was pure water. ( 新课标 ,B) patience. ( 全国甲,七选五)
2023 Ⅰ 2023
1. 答案 that 6. 答案 where
2. Besides working in the garden seems to have a calming effect 7. Nina recently finished her year⁃long series of runs in Chicago
, ,
on Jaramillo􀆳s special education students many of thousands were attending a water conference.
,
have emotional control issues. ( 新课标 ,B) ( 北京,语法填空)
2023 Ⅱ 2023
2. 答案 whom 7. 答案 where
3. Even though Britain has a reputation for less⁃than⁃impressive 8. So I was shocked when not long after the email Professor
, ,
cuisine it is producing more top class chefs who appear Mary Devon wasrunningtheprogramme invited
, , ,
frequently on our television screens and recipe me to observe the work being done in her lab. ( 北京,B)
2023
books frequently top the best seller lists. ( 全国乙,C) 8. 答案 who
2023
3. 答案 whose 9. Rankings however are only one reason a low
, ,
4. It􀆳s the only Thai restaurant ranks among the top value is placed on teaching in higher education.
of the world􀆳s best restaurants list. ( 全国甲,A) ( 北京,七选五)
10 50 2023 2023
4. 答案 that 9. 答案 why
5. Their recovery has been so successful that the U.S. Fish and 10. Additionally from timetotimeIwillassigngroupworktobe
,
Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de⁃list grizzlies completed in class or short assignments to be completed at
,
would loosen legal protections and allow them to home both of will be graded.
,
be hunted. ( 全国甲,D) ( 新高考 ,A)
2023 2022 Ⅰ
5. 答案 which 10. 答案 which
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋专题九 定语从句 2 03
11. Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington D.C. 13. 答案 as
, ,
recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. 14. Weprefertodescribeemotionalintelligenceasaspecificsetof
( 新高考 ,B) skills can be used for either good or bad purposes.
2022 Ⅰ
11. 答案 which ( 新高考 ,D)
2021 Ⅰ
12. The sweet spot in life to start exercising if you haven􀆳t
“ , 14. 答案 that/which
already is in late middle age the heart still has
,
15. My life as a tax⁃paying employed person began in middle
flexibility Levine says. ( 新高考 ,D)
school for three whole days I worked in a
,” 2022 Ⅱ
, , ,
12. 答案 when baking factory. ( 新高考 ,完形填空)
2021 Ⅰ
13. But someresearchersfind thefoodsystemisnot
, 15. 答案 when
an equal one. ( 北京,C)
2022
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋
学生用书P322
16. In front of the cafe is a tourism highway 24. 答案 who/that
,
connects the store with many artistic villages along the 25. Someofthesearefamous butSingaporehasonespecialway
, ,
mountain range. ( 福建漳州第二次质量检测) you may not know about.( 陕西铜川二模)
2024 2024
16. 答案 which 25. 答案 which
17. Forthose wanttoexperiencethehustleandbustle 26. InsouthernChina theclimateiswarmerandthus
,
of Chengdu ChunxiRoadandTaikooLiinthecitycenterare there aren􀆳t many naturally frozen lakes to enjoy people will
, ,
the top choices. ( 江西鹰潭一模) go to indoor rinks 溜冰场 to enjoy the winter fun instead.
2024 ( )
17. 答案 who ( 吉林延边一模)
2024
26. 答案 where
18. Nevertheless it contains lots of ideas beyond the passage of
,
27. She also had great interest in astronomy and mathematics and
time some of are still relevant today.
,
wrotepoems commentaries essaysandseverallongerworks
( 安徽“江南十校”联考) , , ,
2024 not all of survive.
18. 答案 which
( 浙江金丽衢十二校二模)
19. Sitting in Quanzhou City the ancient Maritime 2024
, 27. 答案 which
Silk Roadstarted ithassoldlikehotcakesathomeandabroad
, 28. The Chinese language is increasingly becoming the very bond
since the Song Dynasty. ( 江苏镇江期初适应性练习)
2024 links friendly relations between China and the
19. 答案 where
world particularly Slovenia and promotes mutual
20. Many of the chemicals in fireworks are also persistent in the , ,
understanding and trust between Chinese and Slovenian people.
environment means they stubbornly sit there
, ( 江苏南通海门第二次调研)
instead of breaking down. ( 河南重点高中第七次联考) 2024
2024 28. 答案 that
20. 答案 which
29. It was independently developed by China and boasts low
21. Craftsmen can make and process the components in advance “
energy consumption and great effectiveness can
and quickly put them together on site is simple ,
, reducepowerconsumptionwhileincreasingsignaltransmission
and efficient. ( 贵州六校联盟联考三)
2024 efficiency the expert added.
21. 答案 which ,”
( 西南“ ”诊断性联考一)
2024 3+3+3
22. In the times the Grand Canal a UNESCOWorld
, 29. 答案 which
Heritage Site directly connected Beijing in the north and
, 30. For those who cannot make it to Guanghan the
,
Hangzhou in the south Anhui traders fanned out across China.
extensive site of Sanxingdui is located an immersive
,
,
( 安徽“皖南八校”第二次联考)
exhibition equipped with digital technology titled Hello
2024
,
22. 答案 when Sanxingdui offers an alternative means to be awed by the
,
23. For the past year all the leftover food waste from the school magnificence of this Bronze Age culture.
,
has gone into composting containers rather than a landfill ( 浙江杭州学军中学模拟)
2024
it would be buried and would produce planet⁃ 30. 答案 where
warming gases. ( 云南一模) 31. The art of boiling tea is a time⁃consuming process
2024 ,
23. 答案 where requires constant attention to the temperature in
24. However none of the spectators made order to properly cook it. ( 河南郑州一模)
, 20,000 “ ” 2024
their way to the year􀆳s final game had to pay for their tickets 31. 答案 which
,
and they were welcome to enjoy the game in creative ways. 32. The earliest batch of tea is often ready to be picked before
( 广东佛山一模) Qingming which is observed in early April the
2024 ,
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋2 04 5年高考3年模拟 B版 英语(教师用书)
temperature begins to rise and rainfall increases. traditional Chinese medicine emphasizes
,
( 湖南衡阳一模) comprehensive treatment meridian 经脉 adjustment and
2024 , ( )
32. 答案 when balance of bodily functions.
33. The team isdevoted to protecting the square metersof 39. 答案 which
45,000
murals 壁画 and more than painted sculptures of the 40. David Myers points out Actual income doesn􀆳t
( ) 2,400 , “
caves of the site the construction of took much influence happiness how satisfied we are with our
735 , ;
about a thousand years from the th century to the th income does. If we􀆳re content with our income regardless of
, 4 14 ,
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public particularly to people living in rural areas 40. 答案 As
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35. Their vlogs show eager food enthusiasts lining up on the 42. I􀆳ve seen those magic moments children are
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streets many of traveled from cities far away. talking tosomeonetheyareinspiredby theireyesareshining
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( 江苏新高考基地学校第五次联考) and their faces light up she said.
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36. 答案 whose final flight.
37. Later there was a time the Chinese people were 43. 答案 who
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divided geographically leading to many varieties of dialects 44. People want to listen to someone is interesting
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37. 答案 when 44. 答案 who
38. This cultural event was held successfully would 45. Campers signupforthe ⁃weeksecretagentcamp
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38. 答案 which strategies and military skills on the paintball field.
39. Its principles are in line with the philosophical concepts of 45. 答案 who/that
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