2024 年高三一轮名校培优筑基复习方案(北师大 2019)
（核心单词+词形转换+词汇精讲+熟词新意+写作迁移）
Unit 3 Conservation (选择性必修一) 原卷版
一、重点单词分类——夯基础
(一)核心单词
[第一组]
1．_________ vi.&vt. 转换，改变
2．_________ vi.&vt. 猎取，猎杀
3．_________ n. 物种，种
4．_________ vt. 擦；拭
5．_________ adj. 大量的
6．_________ n. 减少；减少的量
vi.& vt. 减少
7．_________ vt. 责怪，指责
8．_________ vt. 影响
9．_________ vt. 包，裹
10．_________ vi.& vt. 吞下，咽下
[第二组]
11．_________ adj. 卡住的，无法移动的
12．_________ n. 愤怒；怒气
13．_________ n. 十年，十年期
14．_________ n. 论说文；散文
15．_________ vt. 声称；断言；主张
n. 声称； (根据权力而提出的)要求
16．_________ n. 化学品
adj. 化学的
17．_________n. 药物，药材；毒品
18．_________ vt. 概括，总结n. 金额，款项；总数
19．_________n. 纪念馆；纪念碑
adj. (对逝者)纪念的，追悼的
(二)拓展单词
[第一组]
1．_________ n．保护→__________v．保护
2．_________ vt.破坏；毁坏→_________ n．破坏；毁掉→_________ adj.毁坏性的；破坏性
的
3．_________ vi.&vt. 再利用，回收利用→__________ adj. 不可回收的
4．_________ n．威胁； (灾难等坏事)发生的可能→_________ vt.威胁；危及
5．_________adv.非法地，违法地→_________ adv.合法地→_________adj.合法的→_________
adj.非法的
6．_________ adj.灭绝的，绝种的→_________ n．灭绝，绝种
7．_________adv.非常地，极端地→_________ adj.极好的；难以置信的
8．_________ adj.紧急的，急迫的→__________ v．敦促→_________ n．急迫，紧急
9．_________ adj.异常的；不平常的→_________ adv.异常地；不平常地→_________adj.往常
的
10．_________adj.各种各样的，形形色色的→__________v．不同→_________ adj.多种多样
的→_________ n．种类
11．_________ adj.濒危的→_________ vt. 危及，使遭到危险
12．_________ vt. (使)恢复→_________ n．(旧建筑或旧家具等的)修复，整修
13．_________ n．消费者→_________ vt.吃；喝；饮；消耗→_________ n．消费
14．_________adj. 浪费的；挥霍的→_________ vt.&n. 浪费；滥用
[第二组]
15．_________ n. 交通运输系统，运输方式→_________n．交通运输系统 vt.运输；运送
16. _________ n．灰尘，尘土→_________ adj. 脏的
17．_________ adj. 现实的，实际的→__________ vt.领悟；实现；实行→_________ n．真
实；现实；逼真
18．_________ adj.新颖的，创新的，革新的→_________v．创新→_________ n．创新，革
新
19．_________adj.意识到的，明白的→_________ n．意识；认识20．_________ n．收集；收藏品；专辑→__________ vt.收集，收藏
21．_________ adj. 可再使用的，可重复使用的→_________ vt. 重新使用；重复使用
22．_________ adj. 焦虑的，不安的→_________ n．焦虑；担心；害怕→__________adv.焦
虑地；不安地
23．_________ adj.烦恼的，生气的→_________ v．使烦恼；使生气→_________ n．烦恼，
生气
24．_________ vi. 相联系，有关联→_________ adj.有关系的；有关联的→_________ n．关
系
25．_________ adj.定期的，有规律的→_________ adv.经常；定期地
26．_________ vt.适合n. 套装→_________ adj.合适的；适用的
27．_________ vt. 包含，需要→_________ adj.参与的；投入的→_________ n．参与
28．_________adj.残忍的→_________ n. 残忍，残酷
29．_________ adj.农业的→_________ n．农业；农艺
(三)阅读单词
[第一组]
1．plastic adj. _________
2．mining n. _________
3．item n. _________
4．informative adj. _________
5．rhino n. _________
6．horn n. _________
7．solar adj. _________
8．hatch vi.& vt. _________
9．packet n. _________
10．packaging n. _________
11．shell n. _________
12．refillable adj. _________
13．carton n. _________
14．chopsticks n. _________
15．council n. _________
16．jam n. _________
[第二组]17．roadworks n. _________
18．gas n. _________
19．cancer n. _________
20．organic adj. _________
21．institute n. _________
22．opponent n. _________
23．instance n. _________
24．committee n. _________
25．temple n. _________
26．Confucius _________
27．carve vt. _________
28．valley n. _________
29．scenic adj. _________
30．historic adj. _________
31．thunderstorm n. _________
32．typhoon n. _________
33．Atlantic adj. _________
二、必备短语分组——抓落实
(一)汉译英
1．_________ 起某种作用
2．_________ 尽自己的职责
3．_________ 消失；绝迹，灭绝
4．_________ 彻底毁灭
5．_________ 把……归咎于
6．_________ 处境危险，受到威胁
7．_________ 开始做某事，着手进行
8．__________ 焦虑的
9．_________ 与……有关联
10．_________ 概括，总结
(二)英译汉
11．up to _________
12．take action _________13.take steps _________
14．in short _________
15．get stuck in _________
16．cut the risk of _________
三、经典句式默背——积佳句
(一)句型公式
1．含蓄条件句
__________________，we ___________________________，and without clean water we would
be unable to survive.
没有森林，我们就不能呼吸空气；没有干净的水，我们将无法生存。
2．动词不定式作独立成分
__________________,_I'm addicted to my car.
坦率地说，我对车上瘾了。
3．形容词短语作状语
How often do we arrive at work or school，stressed out, __________________?
又有多少次，当我们抵达工作地点或学校时感到心力交瘁，心烦气躁？
(二)单元美句
We need to take steps to save endangered species, including setting up special areas where
plants and animals can be protected. We need to change how we work and travel by using
cleaner, more natural sources of energy, such as wind and solar energy. We also need to
improve our farming methods to reduce water, air and land pollution. In short，if we want to
survive，we need to stop destroying the planet that we live on and start to protect it.
我们需要采取措施拯救濒危物种，包括建立特殊区域，保护动植物。我们需要改变我们的工作
和旅行方式，使用更清洁、更自然的能源，如风能和太阳能。我们还需要改进我们的耕作方法，
以减少水、空气和土地污染。简言之，如果我们想要生存，我们需要停止破坏我们赖以生存的
星球，并开始保护它。
四、单元知识横拓——积得多
1．特殊形容词变副词小结
①incredible→incredibly 非常地，极端地
②simple→simply 简单地
③comfortable→comfortably 舒适地
④gentle→gently 温柔地
⑤possible→possibly 可能地⑥true→truly 真实地，真正地
2．“包含”大搜索
①involve vt. 包括；包含
②contain vt. 包含；容纳
③include vt. 包括；含有
④cover vt. 包括；涉及
⑤comprise v. 包括；由……组成
3．to为介词的短语荟萃
①be related to 与……有关联
②be accustomed to 习惯于
③object to 反对
④be addicted to 对……上瘾
⑤get used to 习惯于
五、读后续写微技能——惊讶
John had always told him that outside the window there was an amazing park. Mike struggled to
walk to the window. Surprisingly, it faced a blank wall. Mike rubbed his eyes hard，and
stared. His mouth dropped/hung open in surprise. He froze there for a while, wideeyed, as if
rooted to the spot. He was speechless with shock when he thought of the beautiful scene John had
described to him every day. Confused and astonished, he gaped at the wall，“Why is it a
wall？” he murmured. Shaking his head in disbelief, he still couldn't believe his eyes.
一、单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的正确形式
1．As far as I know, he started studying history but then _________ (改变) over to
architecture.
2．When lion cubs are young, the mother stays with them while the father _________ (猎取)
for food.
3．She did the cleaning and _________ (擦) away the dust from all the furniture the whole
morning.
4．Tourism，which is a major source of income for the city，may be seriously _________
(影响).5．I was _________ (裹) heavily and well sheltered from the freezing and blowing weather.
6．It seemed that his mouth was full of blood and his eyes were red with _________ (愤怒).
7．China has made remarkable progress in many aspects in the last several _________ (十年).
8．The minister of the education department _________ (声称) that violent films were polluting
the minds of our children.
9．The polluted river is the living proof of the environmental pollution caused by the
_________factory.
10．The production of wheat _________ by 15% because of the dry weather.
二、单句语法填空
用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1．After the terrible earthquake, the people had to work hard and make a life despite great
_________ (destroy) of their homes.
2．The society was set up to preserve endangered species from_________ (extinct).
3．Traveling in Beijing during the Spring Festival can be an _________ (incredible) relaxing
and rewarding experience.
4．There is an _________ (urge) need to finish this project by tomorrow.
5．There are _________ (vary) reasons why many students have got into the habit of staying up
late.
6．We sincerely hope that effective measures can be taken to protect this _________
(endanger) species from dying out.
7．The _________ (restore) took almost 4，000 manhours over four years.
8．There is never any doubt that it is unwise to depend completely on the ratings in
_________ (consume).
9．Most importantly, we'd better launch a publicity campaign to raise people's _________
(aware) of protecting the environment.
10．At the front door stood her husband, Tom, who suffered great _________ (anxious) when
she was missing.
三、选词填空
根据语境，用方内所给短语的适当形式填空
do one's part, wipe out，set out，take action，stress out，be related to
1．After a serious flu outbreak _________ 99.4% of the world's population, a battle unfolds
between good and evil among those left.
2. It is high time that we _________ to improve the lives of elderly people.3．Whenever you _________on a long walk, you'd better always wear suitable boots.
4．The designer feels _________because he can't speak English well.
5．In my opinion，you should _________in helping the homeless.
6．It is assumed that mental health _________ physical health.
四、经典句式仿写
1．没有你的帮助，我不会在英语学习上取得这么大的进步。(含蓄条件句)
_____________________________________________in English learning.
2．说实话，我在她讲话过程中睡着了。(动词不定式作独立成分)
___________________________, I fell asleep in the middle of her talk.
3．他们一直跑到终点线，筋疲力尽。(形容词作状语)
They kept running until the finishing line, __________________．
4．研究表明，竞走与跑步有许多健身益处，但最有可能减少受伤。(while连接并列句)
Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows,
___________________________．
Part 1 重点词汇过关
1．threat n. 威胁； (灾难等坏事)发生的可能
be a threat to... 对……构成威胁
under threat 受到威胁
threaten vt. 威胁；危及
【佳句】It was a threat to world peace.
这是对世界和平的威胁。
练透——单句语法填空
① They are friends forever，so nothing can _________ (threat)their relationship which many
people consider harmonious.
②With the booming of online shopping, the supermarkets are_________ threat.
写美——应用文写作之野生动物保护
③只有学会与大自然和谐共处，我们才不会成为野生生物和地球的威胁。
Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being _________and to our
planet.2．urgent adj.紧急的，急迫的
(1)urge n. 强烈的欲望；冲动
vt. 催促；力劝；大力推荐
urge sb to do sth 催促某人做某事
urge that...(should)do sth 极力主张……做某事
(2)have an urge to do sth
渴望做某事
(3)urgency n. 紧急；催
【佳句】Additionally, it is urgent to raise public awareness of the importance and value of
protecting the historic site.
此外，迫切需要提高公众对保护历史遗址的重要性和价值的认识。(应用文之投稿信)
练透——单句语法填空
① Parents should actively urge their children _________ (take)advantage of the opportunity to
participate in outdoor activities.
②There is no sense of _________ (urge)to do my school work immediately.
写美——读后续写之心理描写
③站在舞台上，我感觉如此紧张以至于我有股想逃的冲动。
Standing on the stage，I felt so nervous that I even __________________．
3．decrease n. 减少；减少的量 vi.& vt.减少
(1)decrease by 减少了
decrease(from...)to (从……)减少到
(2)on the decrease 正在下降；在减少
on the increase 正在增长；在增加
【佳句】On behalf of School Students'Union, I call on all of my fellow students to do what
we can to help to decrease the chances of disease infection.
我代表学校学生会，呼吁所有同学尽我们所能，减少感染疾病的机会。(应用文之演讲稿)
练透——单句语法填空
①Compared with last year，the traffic accidents in the city have decreased _________ 30%.
②The number of boarders of the school has decreased_________three hundred.
写美——同义替换
③Because of human activities, the number of some rare animals is decreasing.
→Because of human activities, the number of some rare animals __________________．
4．blame vt.责怪，指责(1)be to blame(for) 应(为……)承担责任；该(为……)受责备
blame sb for sth 因某事责备某人；把某事归咎于某人
(2)blame n. 过失；责备
put/lay the blame for sth on sb
将某事归咎于某人
【佳句】Blamed by his teacher，the boy was frustrated and couldn't concentrate on his study.
由于老师的责备，这个男孩很沮丧，不能集中精力学习。(应用文之学校生活)
【点津】 be to blame短语中blame不能用被动形式，该短语为主动形式表示被动含义。
练透——单句语法填空
①It is easy to blame someone _________ mistake, but remember that basketball game is a
team effort.
② It was the professor rather than his assistant that was _________ (blame)for what had
happened in the lab.
写美——应用文写作之学校生活
③ Alice was in low spirits because she was blamed for the breakdown of the school computer
network.
→____________________________________，Alice was in low spirits.(分词作状语)
5．aware adj. 意识到的，明白的
(1)be/become aware of 对……知道、明白；意识到……
be aware that... 意识到/体会到……
(2)awareness n. 意识；认识
arouse one's awareness of...
唤起某人……的意识
【佳句】Alex looked down at his paper, aware that the room was still filled with unrest.
亚历克斯低头看了看报纸，意识到房间里仍然充满了不安。
练透——单句语法填空
① The purpose of the activity is to raise our _________ _________ (aware) of protecting
Chinese traditional culture.
②People should be aware __________________the importance of protecting the ocean.
写美——词汇升级
③ Through the activity, we realize the necessity of carrying out a lowcarbon economy in our
country.
→Through the activity, we __________________ the necessity of carrying out a lowcarboneconomy in our country.
6.anxious adj. 焦虑的，不安的
(1)be anxious about/for 为……担心/担忧
be anxious to do sth 渴望做某事
(2)anxiety n. 担心；焦虑；渴望
with anxiety 焦虑地
(3)anxiously adv. 焦虑地
【佳句】Anxious about the coming exam, I can hardly fall asleep at night.
由于担心即将到来的考试，我晚上几乎无法入睡。(读后续写之焦虑)
练透——单句语法填空
①Her family was poor，so the girl was anxious _________ _________ (finish)school and get a
job.
②I heard you suffered from _________ (anxious)when you took an exam recently.
写美——一句多译
我担心即将到来的考试，以至于晚上几乎无法入睡。
③I'm ___________________________I can hardly fall asleep at night.(so...that...)
④___________________________，I can hardly fall asleep at night.(形容词短语作状语)
7．relate vi. 相联系，有关联
(1)be related to 与……有关系
relate...to/with... 把……与……联系起来
relate to... 和……有关联；和……合得来
(2)relation n. 联系，关系
in/with relation to 与……有关；涉及；与……相比
have no relation to 与……没关系
【佳句】Papercutting is closely related to the traditional culture of China, and has a history of
more than 1, 500 years.
剪纸有一千五百多年的历史，与中国的传统文化紧密联系在一起。(写作之传统文化)
练透——单句语法填空
①Have you read the report_________ relation to the explosion in the newspaper?
②We often relate yuanxiao _________ Lantern Festival.
写美——应用文写作之建议信
③你可以讲一些关于传统节日起源的故事和一些关于中国文化的传说。
You can tell stories ____________________________________and some legends concerningChinese culture.
8．suit vt.适合 n．套装
(1)suit...to... 使……适合……
suit one's needs 适合某人的需要
(2)suitable adj. 合适的；适用的
be suitable for 适合于……
be suitable to do sth 适合做某事
【佳句】Having been a responsible volunteer for many times in China，I believe that I'm the
suitable person that you want.
我在中国做过很多次负责任的志愿者，我相信我就是你们想要的合适人选。(应用文之申请信)
练透——单句语法填空
①If you look at all sides of the situation, you'll find probably a solution that _________ (suit)
everyone.
②There is no doubt that a good teacher suits his lessons _________ the age of his pupils.
写美——应用文写作之申请信
因为我精通英语，我的确认为我适合这项志愿者工作。
③I do believe I __________________ this voluntary work，because I have a good knowledge
of English.(suitable)
④I do believe this voluntary work __________________，because I have a good knowledge
of English.(suit)
9.involve vt.包含，需要
(1)involve(doing)sth 包含；需要(做)某事
involve oneself in sth 参加……
be/get involved in 参与；卷入；与……有关联；专注于
(2)involvement n. 参与；卷入；牵连
【佳句】It will involve 15，000 police，private security and military personnel.
该项目将包括1.5万名警察、私人安保人员和军事人员。
练透——单句语法填空
① Students should involve themselves _________ community activities where they can gain
experience for growth.
② Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which involved __________________
(spend)quite a lot of time with children.
写美——应用文写作之申请信③得知你们欢迎来自不同国家的学生，我想参加夏令营。
Learning that you welcome students from different countries ， I'd like to
__________________．
10．set out 开始做某事，着手进行
set off 出发；动身；启程；燃放(烟花)；引起；激起
set off for 动身去(某地)
set aside 保留；储蓄；忽视；不顾
set about(doing sth) 着手/开始做……
set out(to do sth) 出发；开始做……
set down 放下；记下
set up 建立；树立；搭起
【佳句】When they set out they were well prepared.
他们出发时有很充分的准备。
练透——用set的相关短语填空
①You had better __________________ some time every day for sports so that you can keep
yourself energetic.
② In order to provide a platform for students to practice speaking English, our school has
decided to __________________ an English club.
③He will __________________all his important thoughts in his diary when they are fresh in
his mind.
写美——一句多译
(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写)相反的是，他在杰夫手上涂了一些药，然后开始帮他们收拾烂摊子。
④Instead，he applied some medicine to Jeff's hand，and then __________________clean up
the mess.
⑤Instead，he applied some medicine to Jeff's hand，and then __________________ clean up
the mess.
11．stressed out 焦虑的
(1)stress n. 压力
v. 强调；重读
under stress 在压力下
stress the importance of...
强调……的重要性
(2)stressful adj. 压力大的；令人紧张的(3)stressed adj. 有压力的
【佳句】When you feel stressed out，you can also try to sit up straight or stand tall.
当你感到压力大的时候，你可以试着坐直或站立。
练透——单句语法填空
① Although the importance of education is _________, teaching can be a tired and
_________ job because teachers have to work under great stress every day.(stress)
②Those who are stressed _________are often nervous, angry or ill.
③ People _________ a lot of stress may experience headaches and sleeping difficulties. That's
why we need to relax ourselves at times.
写美——应用文写作之学校活动
④上周末，我们以“劳动最美”为主题发起了一场活动，并强调了亲自动手劳动的重要性。
Last weekend，we started a campaign with the theme “Working is the most beautiful” and
____________________________________．
1．swallow
[对点微练] ——选出swallow的含义
A. vt.掩饰；抑制 B. vt.吞下，咽下
C. vt.吞没；淹没；侵吞 D. vt.相信；信以为真
①After the operation you may find it difficult to chew and swallow. B
②I watched her walk down the road until she was swallowed by the darkness. C
③I found her excuse very hard to swallow.
④You're going to have to swallow your pride and ask for your job back.
2．switch vi.&vt.转换，改变
[对点微练]——赏句猜义
①Press these two keys to switch between documents on screen.
②(熟词生义)I can't work next weekend─will you switch with me？
③(熟词生义)You turn the television on by flipping the switch at the side.
3．claim vt.声称；断言；主张 n．声称；(根据权力而提出的)要求
[对点微练]——赏句猜义
①(熟词生义)Heart disease is the biggest killer，claiming 180，000 lives per year.
②The scientist claimed to have discovered a new kind of medicine.
③(熟词生义)You can claim your money back if the goods are damaged.④(熟词生义)The insurance company is refusing to settle her claim.
⑤(熟词生义)If the owner doesn't claim the dog in 48 hours，you can apply for adoption.
4．carve vt.雕刻
[对点微练]——赏句猜义
② The wood had been carved into the shape of a flower.
②(熟词生义)She has carved a place for herself in the fashion world.
Part 2 写作句式迁移
1．含蓄条件句
[课本原句]Without forests，we would have no air to breathe，and without clean water we would
be unable to survive.
没有森林，我们就不能呼吸空气；没有干净的水，我们将无法生存。
(1)“without/but for＋名词”可取代if引导的虚拟条件从句，主句用虚拟语气，表示所说内容
与事实相反。
(2)除了without，but for 之外，otherwise，but 等也常用来表示虚拟条件。
[写作迁移]——微写作
① 我想借此机会表达你对我慷慨帮助的感激之情，没有你的帮助，我不会取得如此
快的进步。
I'd like to take this opportunity to express my gratitude to you for your generous help，
____________________________________．
②如果没有多样的生物和植物，我们的地球将变得没那么有趣。
Without diverse creatures and plants，our globe ___________________________．
2．形容词(短语)作状语
[课本原句]How often do we arrive at work or school，stressed out, tired and angry?
又有多少次，当我们抵达工作地点或学校时感到心力交瘁，心烦气躁？
(1)形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可置于句首、句末或句中，常用逗
号与句子其他成分隔开。
(2)形容词(短语)作状语时常用来说明句子主语的状态，即常和主语常构成系表关系。如果用来
修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子，则应用副词作状语。
[写作迁移]——微写作
①这名妇女带着婴儿从火灾中逃生，极度恐惧和疲惫。
The woman managed to escape from the fire with her baby，__________________．
②我能说一口流利的英语，与外国游客交流没有困难。
___________________________，I have no difficulty communicating with foreign visitors.单句语法填空
1 ． (2022· 全 国 甲 卷 )One day ， he talked with me and hoped to mend our
________________(relate).
2．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Highintensity exercise is more _________ (suit) for the young.
3．(2022·全国甲卷)The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid _________ (annoy) your
companions.
4．(2021·天津3月卷)Senator Bentsen has declined to get _________ (involve) this time around.
5．The reason why the number of the wildlife is on the decrease is that their living places
have been completely_________ (destroy).
6．I didn't want to_________ (threat) the integrity of his hard shell.
7．If I were you，I would switch _________the TV and concentrate on my study.
8．I wouldn't want to be associated with the _________ (legal) association any more.
9．I felt _________ (incredible) ashamed of myself for getting so angry.
10．The crime rate in this area has decreased _________ the lowest level nowadays.
完成句子
1．(2021·天津3月卷书面表达)我们都需要参与节约能源，无论是在工作中，在家里，还是在
学校。
We all ____________________________________ whether it's at work, at home, or at school.
2．我感到非常紧张，手心都在冒汗。
I __________________ my palms were sweating.
3．他看见了那双红袜子，他突然想到，一定是那双红袜子造成了这次事故。
He caught sight of the red socks, and it suddenly occurred to him that they must
__________________.
4．是刘老师使我意识到学好英语的重要性。
It was Mr Liu who ___________________________．
5．没有他的帮助，我的英语水平不会有很大的提高！
__________________, my skills in English ___________________________!
话题微写作
根据汉语提示使用本单元的单词、短语和句式完成下面短文。
现在，由于人类活动，许多物种濒临灭绝，请根据以下内容写一份倡议书，呼吁人们保护野生动物：
1．现状；
2．应采取的措施。
Now, 1. ___________________________ (许多物种濒临灭绝)just because humans do varied
harm to them. For instance, tigers 2. _________ (正在被残酷地猎杀)for their fur while rhinos, for
their horns. Besides，we have destroyed their habitats by cutting down trees，throwing
unrecyclable plastic rubbish and discharging polluted water that contains poisonous chemicals
into rivers.
It is human activities that 3. __________________ (要为大灭绝负责). However，we 4.
__________________ (应该意识到 )immediate measures should be taken. Measures involve
switching to solar energy，stopping using throwaway cartons or chopsticks, and taking regular
buses to and from work. To sum up，everybody 5. ___________________________ (在保护
我们的星球上发挥作用) and 6. ___________________________ (如果我们都尽了自己的责任),
the world will be much better.
