专题14 动名词
内容导航
01
命题透视·考情前瞻
对标素养，研判高考命题趋势
02
思维建模·脉络梳理
搭建知识框架，构建系统思维
03
考点精讲·靶向突破
拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式
考点一 动名词的基本知识
知识解构 知识点1 动名词的各种形式 知识点2 动名词的否定形式 知识点3 动名词的句法功能
考向破译 考向 1 考查动名词的一般式 考向02 考查动名词的完成时 考向03 考查动名词的被动式
考点二 动名词作主语
知识解构 知识点1 表示比较抽象的一般行为或者经常性习惯性的动作时，多用doing 作主语 知识点2 动名词
及短语作主语，谓语动词通常用单数形式 知识点3 It 作形式主语，动名词作真正主语
考向破译
考向01 考查动名词作主语的一般情况 考向02 考查It 作形式主语，动名词作真正主语
考点三 动名词作宾语
知识解构 知识点1 动名词作介词宾语 知识点2 只接动名词作宾语的动词 知识点3 接to do/doing 意义不
同的动词
考向破译
考向01 考查动名词作介词的宾语 考向02 考查动名词作动词的宾语
考点四 动名词作表语
知识解构 知识点 动名词作表语时主语通常是对主语的解释说明
考向破译
考向 考查动名词作表语
考点五 动名词作定语
知识解构 知识点 动名词作定语时，主要用于修饰名词，说明被修饰词的性质、用途或与被修饰词之间的逻辑关
系
考向破译
考向 考查动名词作定语
考点六 动名词的复合结构
知识解构 知识点1 ①名词所有格+doing (如Jane’s doing); ②形容词物主代词+doing(如her doing); 作主语、
表语或宾语 知识点2 “①名词普通格+doing(Jane doing); ②宾格+doing 作表语或宾语(me doing)
考向破译
考向 考查动名词的复合结构
考点七 动名词主动形式被动意义
知识解构 知识点1 want/need/require 表示“需要”，后接动名词，动名词主动形式表示被动意义 知识点2
deserve 表示“值得做”，后接动名词，动名词主动形式表示被动意义 知识点3 be worth doing 表示“值得
做”，后接动名词，主动形式表示被动意义
考向破译
考向 考查动名词主动形式被动意义
04
真题溯源·考向感知
溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向
命题透视·考情前瞻
——对标素养，研判高考命题趋势
核心考点
2026 年
2025 年
2024 年
宾语
（2026·全国I 卷）heading
（2026·全国II 卷）being
（2026 年1 月浙江卷）
being pushed
（2025 年1 月·浙江卷）
returning
（2023 全国乙卷）
recording
主语
定语
表语
考情分析
分析近年高考真题可知，高考在命题中对动名词的考查较少。不是因为动名词不重
要，而是命题人所选语篇没有考查动名词的语境。2026 年高考语法填空中考查动
名词3 处，进一步说明这个问题。所以高考一轮复习要全面，不能留死角。命题主
要考查动名词作宾语、作主语、作表语、作定语，动名词的难点是其复合结构。特
别注意动名词的完成式和被动式的用法。
复习目标
1.熟练掌握动名词的各种形式、意义及其用法，尤其是被动式和完成式。
1.熟练掌握动名词的句法功能，重点是动名词作宾语、主语。
2.掌握动名词的复合结构；
3.掌握动名词的特殊用法
思维建模·脉络梳理
——搭建知识框架，构建系统思维
考点精讲·靶向突破
——拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式
考点一 动名词的基本知识
知●识●解●构
知识点1 动名词的各种形式（注意：动名词的完成式和完成式的用法，平时考查一般式较多）
种类
时态
主动形式及意义
被动形式及意义
动名词
一
般
式
doing 同时发生或发生在谓语动词的动作后
being done 习惯性动作
完
成
式
having done 发生在谓语动词的动作之前（常用
一般式doing 替代）
Having been done 被动、
发生在谓语动词的动作之
前
知识点2 动名词的否定形式。
Not 置于动名词之前。
知识点3 动名词的句法功能：动名词由动词变化而来，因此有与动词的相同的性质: 能带自己的宾
语、状语等，如果带上宾语、状语等，就为动名词短语。动名词相当于一个名词，在句中可用作主语、表
语、宾语、定语等，但不能用作谓语。动名词有所有格形式。
考●向●破●译
考向1 考查动名词的一般式
1．It is no use (complain) about the result without taking any actual action.
2．When I carefully reviewed the detailed report that my colleague had just handed in this morning, I can’t help
(feel) that there has been a mistake in the data calculation.
考向2 考查动名词的完成时
1．The driver witnessed to (see)the man near the scene of the crime.
2．In 1972, after (fail) more than 190 times, Tu finally made an extract called qinghaosu that was
effective against malaria.
3．I admitted (break) the window but it was merely an accident.
4． (live) there for three years makes Tom familiar with everything around.
考向3 考查动名词的被动式
1．The young artist has been refining her skills for years, and her works are getting closer to
(recognize) by the international art community, potentially opening new opportunities for her career.
2．She hates (stick) in long lines at the supermarket, especially after a tiring day at school.
3．I appreciated (give)the chance to study abroad two years ago.
考点二 动名词作主语
知●识●解●构
知识点1 表示比较抽象的一般行为或者经常性习惯性的动作时，多用doing 作主语。
Swimming is good for health. 游泳对健康有益。
知识点2 动名词及短语作主语，谓语动词通常用单数形式。
[2020· 海南卷]______ （talk ）freely with your doctor can make you feel better and gives your doctor the
information she or he needs to give you the best care.
知识点3 It 作形式主语，动名词作真正主语，用于 It is no use/good doing…等句型。
It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收，为打翻的牛奶哭泣是没用的。
考●向●破●译
考向一 考查动名词作主语的一般情况
1． (addict) to short-video apps makes many students find it hard to focus on their studies.
2． (go) from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge.
3．Though Mother told him to stay away, (walk) along the fence became his daily routine.
考向二 考查It 作形式主语，动名词作真正主语
1．It’s no good (complain) about the problems. We should find solutions.
2．It is no good (quit) halfway through the project when you’re so close to success.
思维建模
✅技巧1：熟悉动名词的各种形式作主语，明确动名词作主语的意义。
✅技巧2：熟记It 作形式主语，动名词作真正主语的句型
考点三 动名词作宾语（高频考点）
知●识●解●构
知识点1 动名词作介词宾语（高频考点）
①下列短语接动名词作宾语：
have difficulty/trouble (in) doing…:
做某事有困难
There is …difficulty (in) doing…:
做某事有困难
There is …trouble (in) doing…:
做某事有困难
There is no use (in) doing…:
做某事没有用
have a job (in) doing…:
做某事有困难/很费力
have a good/hard time (in) doing…:
做某事很开心/很辛苦
have fun (in) doing …:
做某事有意思/有趣
There is no fun (in) doing…:
做某事没有意思/没有趣
have a problem (in) doing …:
做某事有困难
have luck (in) doing …:
做某事时有运气/走运
have bother (in) doing …:
做某事费劲
spend…(in) doing…:
花费时间做什么
carry on: 继续
can’t help doing...: 禁不住; 情不自禁做
feel like: 想要
give up: 放弃
insist on: 坚持
keep on: 继续
put off: 推迟 set about: 开始,着手
succeed in doing...: 成功地做什么
prevent/stop...(from) doing...: 防止/阻止...做什么
keep ...from doing...: 防止/阻止...做什么
②动词短语含有介词to，后接名词或动名词作宾语
look forward to doing
盼望做某事
get down to doing
着手做某事
be used to doing
习惯于做某事
be accustomed to doing 习惯于做某事
stick to doing
坚持做某事
pay attention to doing
注意做某事
devote oneself to doing 致力于做某事
commit oneself to doing
致力于做某事
apply oneself to doing
致力于做某事
object to doing
反对做某事
be opposed to doing
反对做某事
When it comes to doing
谈到做某事
attach importance to doing 重视做某事
知识点2 只接动名词作宾语的动词
admit 承认
deny 否认
forgive 原谅
prevent 阻止
advise 建议
discuss 讨论
imagine 想象
prohibit 禁止
allow 允许
dislike 不喜欢
keep 保持
practise 练习
appreciate 感激
enjoy 喜爱
mention 提及
quit 停止/放弃
avoid 避免
escape 逃脱
mind 介意
reject 拒绝
consider 考虑
excuse 原谅
miss 错过
report 报告
confess 承认
fancy 设想
oppose 反对
risk 冒险
complete 完成
finish 完成
pardon 原谅
suggest 建议
delay 推迟
forbid 禁止
permit 允许
understand 理解
知识点3 接to do/doing 意义不同的动词
forget 忘记, remember 记住/regret 后悔, go on 继续, stop 停止, can’t help 禁不住, mean 打算, try 试图。
forget to do 忘记要去做某事（未做）
forget doing 忘记已经做过某事（已做）
She forgot to turn off the lights. 她忘记关灯了。
I'll never forget meeting you for the first time. 我永远不会忘记第一次见你的情景。
remember to do 记得将要做某事（未做）
remember doing 记得已经做过某事（已做）
Remember to lock the door before leaving. 离开前记得锁门。
I remember locking the door today. 我记得今天锁门了。
regret to do 遗憾去做某事（未做）
regret doing 后悔做过某事（已做）
I regret to tell you that you failed the exam. 我很遗憾地告诉你，你考试没及格。
He regrets quitting his job. 他后悔辞掉了工作。
go on to do 继续做另一件事 （对象变了）
go on doing 继续做正在做的事 （对象不变）
After finishing math, he went on to study physics. 做完数学后，他接着学物理。
They went on working despite the rain. 尽管下雨，他们仍继续工作。
stop to do 停下来去做另一件事 （对象变了）
stop doing 停止做某事 （对象不变）
We stopped to have a rest. 我们停下来休息一下。
Please stop talking. 请停止说话。
can’t help to do 不能帮助做某事
can’t help doing 情不自禁做某事
I'm sorry I can't help to clean the room today—I'm too busy.抱歉我今天不能帮忙打扫房间，我太忙了。
She couldn't help crying when she heard the sad news. 听到这个坏消息，她情不自禁地哭了。
mean to do 打算做某事（未做）
mean doing 意味着做某事 （解释作用）
I mean to finish the report today. 我打算今天完成报告。
Missing the train means waiting for another hour. 错过这趟火车意味着要再等一小时。
try to do 努力做某事（不一定成功）
try doing 尝试做某事 （强调尝试和行动）
She tried to solve the problem. 她努力解决这个问题。
Try adding some sugar to make it taste better. 试着加点糖，让它味道更好些。
考●向●破●译
考向一 考查动名词作介词的宾语
1．Nowadays many school children devote too much time to (play) computer games.
2．The organization gives help to people in need, as well as (raise) money for local charities.
3．The scientist spent his entire life (explore) the mysteries of the deep ocean.
4．Some students may be addicted to (surf) the Internet, which influences their physical and mental
health.
5．The first place in my travel plan is Beijing, where I look forward to (pay) a visit to the Great Wall.
考向二 考查动名词作动词的宾语
1．She regretted (ignore) the importance of plumbing maintenance, which caused a leak.
2．She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine (work) anywhere else.
3．However, my conscience (良心) kept (bother) me. I tried to put myself in my brother’s shoes.
4．We shouldn’t delay (visit) the doctor just because we’re busy; our health should come first.
5．He acknowledged (defeat) in public, which made us surprised.
思维建模
✅技巧1：含有介词的短语及句型中，介词后用动名词。
✅技巧2：熟记接动名词作宾语的动词。
✅技巧3：注意有些动词接动名词和不定式意义的区别。
考点四 动名词作表语
知●识●解●构
知识点 动名词作表语时主语通常是对主语的解释说明。
The real challenge is finishing the project on time. 真正的挑战是按时完成项目。
What I enjoy most is reading in the quiet library. 我最喜欢的事是在安静的图书馆看书。
考●向●破●译
考向 考查动名词作表语
1．Smoking not only harms others’ health, but also is (commit) suicide slowly.
2．Some of the unlikely things Matt did were (write) a book and going on a speaking tour.
3．The best of a Kilimanjaro experience, in my opinion, isn’t (reach) the top.
4．The so-called Mint Mambo Style is simply (dress) in shades of fresh green.
5．What matters in effective communication is (interpret) body language accurately.
思维建模
✅技巧：动名词作表语表示一般性、习惯性的动作或行为，不定式作表语表示具体的、一次性动作。
考点五 动名词作定语
知●识●解●构
知识点 动名词作定语时，主要用于修饰名词，说明被修饰词的性质、用途或与被修饰词之间的逻
辑关系。
a reading
room 游泳池（= a room for reading）
a sleeping
pills 安眠药（= pills for sleeping）
动名词作定语与不定式、分词作定语的区别：现在分词作定语，表示一个主动的、正在发生的动作；过去
分词作定语，表示一个被动的、已完成的动作；不定式作定语表示一个将要发生的动作。
考●向●破●译
考向 考查动名词作定语
1．Waving a pole that she had placed inside her home before, the stranger was like putting on a pole
(dance) show.
2．When I gave the dress to Anne for her birthday, I saw the excitement in her eye as she tore off the
(wrap) paper.
3．The young girl has got a (dress) table as a present for her 18th birthday.
4．From the moment a worker tips seeds into the (sow) machine, robots take over.
5．The zoo’s director, Narongwit Chodchoi, said the additional earnings from Moo Deng will help the zoo’s
(breed) programs for many endangered animals, like the pygmy hippo, which is threatened by illegal hunting and
loss of habitat.
考点六 动名词的复合结构
知●识●解●构
知识点1 ①名词所有格+doing (如Jane’s doing); ②形容词物主代词+doing(如her doing); 作
主语、表语或宾语。
①
The team’s winning
the game surprised everyone. 这个队赢得比赛让所有人都很惊讶。
②I really appreciate your helping me with the project. 我非常感谢你帮我做这个项目。
知识点2 ①名词普通格+doing(Jane doing); ②宾格+doing 作表语或宾语(me doing)
①He doesn’t mind me using
his computer.
他不介意我用他的电脑。
②They all laughed at Tom falling
off the bike
. 他们都嘲笑汤姆从自行车上摔下来。
考●向●破●译
考向 考查动名词的复合结构
1．His friends gave away some information, which led to his (arrest).
2．Bike sharing is booming in our country, which leads to us (get) around easier than before.
3．I’m considering the students (take) a short online course to improve their presentation skills.
4．Her (fail) the exam was a big disappointment, but she was determined to study harder and try again.
5．Her (lose) her new bike really made her mother very upset.
考点七 动名词主动形式被动意义
知●识●解●构
知识点1 want/need/require 表示“需要”，后接动名词，动名词主动形式表示被动意义
知识点2 deserve 表示“值得做”，后接动名词，动名词主动形式表示被动意义
知识点3 be worth doing 表示“值得做”，后接动名词，主动形式表示被动意义
考●向●破●译
考向 动名词主动形式被动意义
1．You are a good human being and you deserve (treat) as such.
2．These announcements, as symbols of love and individuality, remind us that some traditions are worth
(preserve).
真题溯源·考向感知
——溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向
单句填空 在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.（2026·全国I 卷）Before 64 (head) home, they fill their shopping bags with fresh fruit and vegetables
from local farmers, at prices significantly cheaper than those found in supermarkets.
2.（2026·全国II 卷）At the end of the lesson, I feel wide awake, despite it still 64 (be) early at 8 am.
3.（2026 年1 月浙江卷）My mum would find fun even when completing the most boring of tasks. I remember
6 2
(push) in a supermarket trolley (手推车) over the uneven car park ground like riding a rollercoaster.
4.（2025 浙江1 月卷）“I really want to make this work for people’s lives today, and I know that doesn’t always
mean 65 (return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend,” she says.
5. (2025 八省联考卷) Chinese plays an increasingly important role in 63 (improve) communication and
cooperation between China and the rest of the world.
6. （2023 全国乙卷）As a photographer, I have spent the last two years (record) everything I
discovered.
