1_专题检测(1)_2023版教学资源包_2023版新高考版高考总复习英语5·3A版_9_专题九主旨大意_5_专题检测

北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
专题九 主旨大意
题组一 文章或段落大意
Passage 1 话题:净化海洋的新型材料 难度:中 词数:298
Cleaning up after an oil spill has always been a costly and time-
consuming process that often harms wildlife and further damages the ocean
environment. But now researchers at Northwestern University have developed
a “smart sponge (海绵)”to clean up oil spills in the ocean.
This new approach is designed to only absorb oil, leaving the clean water
behind without affecting ocean wildlife, according to a Northwestern news
release. The secret of how the new sponge can selectively absorb only the
oil lies in a nanocomposite coating and a carbon-based structure that
attracts oil and drives water away. The composite's 3D structure interacts
with and sticks to the oil, holding it until it is squeezed out.
The best part is that this composite can be used to coat any commercial
sponge. All you have to do is apply a thin coating of it to the sponge and
let it dry before use. The smart sponge can absorb oil up to 30 times of
its own weight. Plus, it is reusable up to a dozen times. The researchers
even came up with a plan for the best practice of the smart sponge. The
sponge will come in large sheets that are rolled. While there are no
limitations on the size, 2—3 feet in width will be enough. And the sponge
can be used on a beach after an oil spill or airdropped to absorb oil in
the ocean.
While getting rid of fossil fuels is the long-time goal, its continued use
requires the liquid to be transported long distances and with that comes
the risk of oil spills. When these occur, having a safer, more effective
method to clean the affected oceans and fragile beach environments will go
a long way towards saving our ocean wildlife and coastlines.
1. What's special about the smart sponge?北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
A.Absorbing water quickly.
B.Helping transport fossil fuels.
C.Storing nanocomposites for a long time.
D.Consisting of oil-attracting structure.
2. What's talked about in Paragraph 3?
A.The process of making sponges.
B.The effective way of transporting oil.
C.The plan to reduce oil consumption.
D.The practical application of the smart sponge.
3. What's the author's attitude towards the smart sponge?
A.Supportive.
B.Skeptical.
C.Concerned.
D.Unclear.
4. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A.Entertainment.
B.Lifestyle.
C.Invention.
D.Advertisement.
答案
[语篇解读] 文章介绍了一种可以吸走泄漏的原油、净化海洋的新型材料。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The secret of how the new sponge...drives
water away.”可知,这种新型材料含有一种以碳为基础的结构,这种结构能够吸附原油
却不吸水。
2.D 主旨要义题。根据第三段中的“The sponge will come...absorb oil in the
ocean.”可推断,本段介绍了这种新型海绵的实际运用。
3.A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But now researchers...in the ocean.”,第三
段中的“The best part is that this composite can be used to coat any
commercial sponge.”以及最后一段中的“When these occur...our ocean wildlife
and coastlines.”可推知,作者对这种可吸附原油、净化海洋的新型材料是赞成的。北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
4.C 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知,本文介绍了一种新研制的可以吸走泄漏的原油、
净化海洋的材料。因此该篇文章应该会出现在报纸的“发明创造”版块。
Passage 2 话题:“健康疲劳”现象 难度:难 词数:350
If one more person talks about the benefits of mindfulness, I will
throw cabbage at them. Just kidding. But I do have lots of cabbage happily
rotting away in my kitchen, thanks to the wellness obsession(着迷) that
failed to keep my attention. This is a symptom of a phenomenon known as
“wellness tiredness”.
Wellness is seriously big business with a worth of $3.72 trillion and a
healthy annual growth of 14 percent. To satisfy this consuming desire,
brands of super foods and various exercise classes crowd in. “The problem
with all this constantly changing information on what to eat or which
exercise class to take is that people begin to form distorted(扭曲的)
mindsets towards the idea of a healthy lifestyle,” explains Dr Bijal, a
psychologist at Nightingale Hospital. “The least harmful result of a
distorted mindset will be confusion. The most harmful would be serious
physical and mental disorders like extreme dieting or over-exercising.”
It's little wonder that many people are beginning to reject the idea of
wellness and the lifestyle it advocates. “I can't tell you the number of
wellness accounts I've unfollowed on Instagram,” one fitness-enthusiast
friend tells me. When I ask her why, she tells me that the public
pursuit(追求) of wellness has reached “the eye-roll stage”. Meanwhile,
sales of fitness trackers and wearable wellness things have dropped
sharply.
Speaking of gym culture, which offers classes like hula hoop and yoga, it's
also beginning to show signs that people are returning to more conventional
forms of exercise—some that wouldn't look out of place on a school
timetable.
The whole point of wellness is that it should become such an everyday thing
that you forget about seeking it. Living a healthy lifestyle becomes a北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
given rather than something singled out as impressive and worth applauding.
Now, more people are starting to cycle to and from work, swim on lunch
breaks and even try to buy old school exercise bikes.
1.What is the main idea of Paragraph 2?
A.The wellness business costs people a great deal of money.
B.People are faced with too many food and exercise choices.
C.Distorted mindsets towards wellness cause harmful consequences.
D.The wellness industry has been developing at a steady speed.
2.Why is the author's friend mentioned in Paragraph 3?
A.To inform us wearable wellness things are not popular.
B.To advocate the idea of wellness and a healthy lifestyle.
C.To tell us that online wellness accounts are hard to follow.
D.To show the public's unfavorable attitude to wellness obsession.
3.Why are people starting to return to traditional forms of exercise?
A.Sports such as cycling are more impressive.
B.People are treating wellness as an everyday thing.
C.Classes like hula hoop and yoga are too expensive.
D.People have come to know wellness is not so necessary.
4.Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A.The Importance of Living a Healthy Lifestyle
B.Are You Suffering from Wellness Tiredness?
C.The Benefits of Mindfulness in the Wellness Industry
D.What is the Real Meaning of Wellness Obsession?
答案
[语篇解读] 文章介绍了“健康疲劳”现象的产生、影响和危害,建议人们把健康当作
一件日常的事情。
1.C 主旨要义题。根据第二段中的“The problem...like extreme dieting or over-
exercising.”可知本段讲的是扭曲的心态会导致有害的后果。故选C。
2.D 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“It's little wonder... ‘the eye-roll
stage’.”可推知,在第三段提到作者的朋友是为了表明公众对健康问题的不满。故选
D。北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
3.B 细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知,健康的全部意义在于它应该成为一件你忘记
去追求的日常的事情。由此可知,人们开始回归传统的锻炼方式,因为人们把健康当作一
件日常的事情。故选B。
4.B 主旨要义题。根据第二段中的“The problem...extreme dieting or over-
exercising.”可知, 文章说明了“健康疲劳”这种现象对人们健康生活的影响和危害。
建议人们把健康当作一件日常的事情。“你正在忍受着健康疲劳吗?”是符合文章的最
佳标题。故选B。
Passage 3
Do you listen to quiet music to help yourself wind down before sleep?
However, this practice could be counterproductive, according to a new study
by Michael K. Scullin and colleagues at Baylor University. The work,
published in Psychological Medicine, found that bedtime music was
associated with more sleep disruptions and that instrumental music was even
worse than music with lyrics.
In the first study, 199 online participants living in the US reported on
their sleep quality and music listening frequency and timing, as well as
their belief about how this affected their sleep. 87% of them believed that
music improved sleep, or at least didn't disrupt it. However, the team
found that more overall time spent listening to music was associated with
poorer sleep and daytime sleepiness. Just over three quarters of the
participants also reported experiencing frequent “earworms”—having a
song or tune “stuck” and replaying in their minds. A quarter reported
experiencing these during the night at least once per week, and these
people were six times as likely to report poor sleep quality. The team's
analysis suggested that listening specifically to instrumental music near
bedtime was linked to more sleep-related earworms and poorer sleep quality.
The team then ran an experimental study on 48 young adults. After arriving
at the sleep lab at 8:45 p.m., participants went to a quiet bedroom, where
they completed questionnaires that included measures of stress, sleep
quality and daytime sleepiness. They also had electrodes applied, ready for北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
the night-time polysomnography to record their brain wave activity, as well
as heart rate and breathing, and reported on how relaxed, nervous,
energetic, sleepy and stressed they felt. At 10:00 p.m., they were given
some “downtime”, with quiet music playing. Half were randomized to hear
three songs while the other half heard instrumental-only versions of these
same songs.
Participants reported decreases in stress and nervousness and increased
relaxation after listening to either set of songs, and also showed
decreases in blood pressure. So—as earlier studies have also suggested—
quiet music at bedtime was indeed relaxing. However, a quarter of the
participants woke from sleep with an earworm, and the polysomnography data
showed that instrumental versions of the songs were more likely to induce
these awakenings as well as other sleep disruptions, such as shifts from
deeper sleep to lighter sleep. Taken together, the findings represent
“causal evidence for bedtime instrumental music affecting sleep quality
via triggering earworms,” the team writes.
Why instrumental-only songs should have a bigger impact than music with
lyrics isn't clear. The three songs used in this study were chosen because
they were likely to be familiar. Hearing them without the lyrics might have
prompted the participants' brains to try to add the words, which might have
made earworms more likely. If this is the case, all instrumental music may
not have the same effect. However, the data from the first study is
consistent with the idea that instrumental music generally is more of a
problem.
1.According to the passage, the participants in both studies .
A.were required to listen to light music
B.felt their sleeping problems were resolved
C.had their sleeping quality monitored
D.provided feedback on bedtime music北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
2.What does the underlined word “induce” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A.Lead to.
B.Impact on.
C.Break in.
D.Focus on.
3.What can we learn from the passage?
A.Earworms are mainly caused by music with lyrics.
B.Bedtime music leads to high blood pressure and anxiety.
C.Quiet music improves sleeping quality while loud music harms sleep.
D.Both familiar and unfamiliar instrumental music can cause sleeping
problems.
4.The passage is mainly about .
A.how instrumental music disturbs sleep
B.the possible negative effect of bedtime music
C.how people can improve their sleep quality
D.differences between music with and without lyrics
答案
[语篇解读] 文章阐述了两项关于睡前音乐对睡眠质量影响的研究,研究表明人们睡前
听音乐会对睡眠有帮助这个观念是不正确的。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“In the first study, 199 online
participants living in the US reported on their sleep quality and music
listening frequency and timing, as well as their belief about how this
affected their sleep.”可知,第一项研究的参与者需要报告他们的睡眠质量、听音乐
的频率和时间,以及他们对这如何影响睡眠的看法;根据第四段第一句“Participants
reported decreases in stress and nervousness and increased relaxation after
listening to either set of songs, and also showed decreases in blood
pressure.”可知,第二项研究的参与者报告了他们听音乐后的感受。由此可知,两项研
究的参与者都需要提供关于睡前音乐的反馈,故选D。
2.A 推测词义题。根据第四段中画线词所在句以及前文对研究的描述可推知,器乐曲更
容易引发这些惊醒以及其他睡眠障碍。由此可知,画线单词与A项(导致)表达意思一致。北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
3.D 细节理解题。根据文章中两项研究的结果以及最后一段最后三句“Hearing them
without the lyrics might have prompted the participants' brains to try to
add the words, which might have made earworms more likely. If this is the
case, all instrumental music may not have the same effect. However, the
data from the first study is consistent with the idea that instrumental
music generally is more of a problem.”可知,第二项研究表明熟悉的器乐曲会导
致睡眠问题,第一项研究的结果表明乐器版本的音乐通常会造成睡眠问题。由此可推
知,D项(熟悉和不熟悉的器乐曲都会导致睡眠问题。)符合题意。
4.B 主旨大意题。根据第一段前两句“Do you listen to quiet music to help
yourself wind down before sleep? However, this practice could be
counterproductive, according to a new study by Michael K. Scullin and
colleagues at Baylor University.”可知,人们睡前听音乐来帮助睡眠这一做法可能
会适得其反。且结合后文给出的两项研究结果可知,B项(睡前音乐可能带来的负面影
响)是本文的主要内容。
Passage 4
I remember doing the household chores to help my mother when I was
nine. I hated changing the vacuum cleaner (真空吸尘器) bag and picking up
things the machine did not suck up. Twenty years later, in 1978, with this
lifelong dislike of the way the machine worked, I decided to make a bagless
one.
Easier said than done, of course. I didn't realize that I would spend the
next five years perfecting my design, a process that resulted in 5,127
different prototypes (样机). By the time I made my 15th prototype, my third
child was born. By 2,627, my wife and I were really counting our pennies.
By 3,727, my wife was giving art lessons for some extra cash, and we were
getting further and further into debt. These were tough times, but each
failure brought me closer to solving the problem.
In the early 1980s, I started trying to get licensing agreements for my
technology. The reality was very different, however. The major vacuum
makers had built a business model based on the profits from bags and北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
filters (滤器). No one would license my idea, not because it was a bad one,
but because it was bad for business. But soon after, the companies that I
had talked with started making machines like mine. I had to fight legal
battles on both sides of the Atlantic to protect the patents on my vacuum
cleaner.
I was still in financial difficulties until 1993, when my bank manager
personally persuaded a bank to lend me $1 million. Then I was able to go
into production. Within two years, the Dyson vacuum cleaner became a best-
seller in Britain.
Today, I still embrace risk and the potential for failure as part of the
process. Nothing beats the excitement of invention.
1.What drove the author to make a bagless vacuum cleaner?
A.His willingness to help Mom.
B.His curiosity about machines.
C.His trouble in doing family chores.
D.His discontent with existing cleaners.
2.What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us?
A.The help from the author's wife.
B.The financial problems of the family.
C.The tough process of the new invention.
D.The procedures of making a bagless cleaner.
3.Why did the companies refuse to license the author's technology?
A.They thought they might suffer loss.
B.They considered it not good enough.
C.They faced legal problems themselves.
D.They had begun making such machines.
4.What lesson may the author learn from the experience?
A.Think twice before acting.
B.Failure is the mother of success.
C.Actions speak louder than words.
D.A good beginning makes a good ending.北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
答案
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,主题语境为人与自我,主题语境内容为创新与创业意识。
文章主要通过讲述作者发明无袋吸尘器的经历,揭示了“失败为成功之母”的道理。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段的“Twenty years later, in 1978, with this
lifelong dislike of the way the machine worked, I decided to make a bagless
one”可知,对于当时的吸尘器的反感导致了作者研制一种无袋吸尘器。故选D项。
2.C 主旨要义题。第二段为总分总结构,首句内容“Easier said than done, of
course.”和尾句内容“These were tough times, but each failure brought me
closer to solving the problem.”点明本段主旨要义,即作者发明无袋吸尘器过程中
遇到的一些困难。故选C项。
3.A 细节理解题。根据第三段的“No one would license my idea, not because it
was a bad one, but because it was bad for business”可知,这些公司害怕亏损。
故选A项。
4.B 推理判断题。由第二段最后一句和文章末尾可知,作者的发明经历使他明白了失败
是成功之母。故选B项。
Passage 5
A team from Northwestern University has developed a soft, skin-
interfaced sensor that can analyze the molecular (分子的) composition of
sweat for things like cortisol, blood sugar, and vitamin C, sending the
data to the wearer's smartphone. This data, the researchers hope, will
allow people to better control their stress levels throughout the day.
Cortisol, also called the stress hormone, can be measured in a person's
sweat.Released from the adrenal glands (肾上腺), it can be a powerful
performance enhancer—increasing energy production and glucose (葡萄糖)
availability for the muscles during a “fight or flight” situation, for
instance being attacked by a lion. However, cortisol can also be released
because of modern stressors such as money problems, issues at work, and
other day-to-day worries that if built up over time, create chronic anxiety
and can lead to an increased risk of diabetes, depression, high blood
pressure and obesity.北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
When someone who wears the chip sweats, the liquid runs through small
channels into a series of chemical test sensors that look for different
biological signals which could suggest a rise in cortisol.
Previous attempts in years past at creating devices like this were limited
by the need to take sweat samples to laboratories for analysis, removing
any ability for the individual to act on the data in a way that might
prevent build-up of stressful feelings, or even an anxiety attack.
Such a device could be paramount in helping people relieve depressive or
stressful feelings (not least because exercising hard enough to cause sweat
helps with anxiety on its own).
Furthermore, the percent of the population of American adults with regular
feelings of worry, nervousness, or anxiety is around 11.2%, while there are
nearly 60 million doctors' visits where mental or behavioral health is the
chief concern. Putting power into patients' hands—in the form of a
detailed diagnosis of cortisol levels, could help significantly to lower
those numbers.
1.What's the function of the newly developed sensor?
A.To examine the component of sweat.
B.To show when one lacks vitamins.
C.To connect wearable devices to smartphones.
D.To control people's stress levels.
2.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A.What may create the profile of chronic anxiety.
B.What may cause the release of the stress hormone.
C.How cortisol can enhance one's energy production.
D.How cortisol can be measured in a person's sweat.
3.Which of the following can replace the underlined word?
A.Significant. B.Useless.
C.Accessible. D.Weak.
4.Where is this text most likely from?
A.A product review.北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
B.A guidebook.
C.A science magazine.
D.A science fiction story.
答案
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为科学与技术。文章
主要介绍了西北大学的一个研究小组开发了一种传感器,可以分析汗液的分子组成,并
将数据发送到佩戴者的智能手机。研究人员希望,这些数据能帮助人们更好地控制一整
天的压力水平。
1.A 细节理解题。根据the function of the newly developed sensor可定位到第
一段。根据...can analyze the molecular (分子的) composition of sweat for
things like cortisol, blood sugar, and vitamin C, sending the data to the
wearer's smartphone可知,这种新的传感器可以检测汗液的成分。故选A项。
2.B 主旨要义题。本段第一句话首先指出皮质醇可以在一个人的汗液中测量,然后通
过举例的方式说明了在哪些情形下人体可以释放皮质醇,由此可知,本段主要介绍了是
什么导致这种应激激素的释放。故选B项。
3.A 推测词义题。根据helping people relieve depressive or stressful
feelings和语境可知这种装置在帮助人们缓解抑郁或紧张情绪方面起到正面和积极的
作用。故选A项。useless无用的;accessible可接近的,易使用的;weak虚弱的。
4.C 推理判断题。本文主要介绍了一种新研发的可以检查汗液成分,从而让人们可以
更好地控制压力水平的传感器,属于科普类文章,故选C项。
Passage 6
Britain's streets are becoming increasingly crowded with throwaway
facemasks and protective gloves, a survey has found, and councils warn that
they are battling with a mountain of personal protective equipment (PPE)
litter.
Four in ten councils have identified throwaway masks, gloves and other
forms of PPE as a problem in their area, and warned that it could pose an
infection risk.
The District Councils' Network (DCN)represents about 180 regional
authorities, covering waste collection for 22 million people. “As well as北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
being potentially dangerous for pets and wildlife, there is a risk that
they could spread infection,” it said. “The World Health Organization has
warned that appropriate handling is essential to avoid any increase in the
spread of disease.”
Councils are already struggling with waste collection during the pandemic
as residents are creating more rubbish while spending longer periods at
home. The DCN said some weeks this summer had been like “Christmas
collections”, referring to the larger amounts of rubbish over the festive
period.
Dan Humphreys, the DCN's chief for enhancing quality of life, said,
“Facemasks, gloves and other forms of PPE are designed to protect people
but poor handling risks doing the opposite. We would remind residents to
think about how they deal with their waste.”
Scientists, however, have warned that even if masks are dealt with
properly, 124,000 tons of single-use facemasks could end up in landfills if
people do not switch to reusable coverings.
1.What is the DCN's attitude towards PPE litter?
A.Worried. B.Tolerant.
C.Skeptical. D.Approving.
2.Why is “Christmas collections” mentioned in paragraph 4?
A.To recall the festival.
B.To admire the atmosphere.
C.To advocate the collection.
D.To criticize the phenomenon.
3.What can we infer from the scientists' warning?
A.It is better to produce multiple-use equipment.
B.It is better to use reusable equipment.
C.More rubbish will be produced.
D.More landfills will be built.
4.What is the text mainly about?
A.The benefits of wearing facemasks.北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
B.The ways of dealing with rubbish.
C.The problem of handling PPE litter.
D.The importance of protecting individuals.
答案
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,主题语境为人与自然,主题语境内容为环境保护。一项调
查发现,英国街道上的一次性口罩和防护手套越来越多,很多地方议会正在应对堆积如
山的个人防护装备(PPE)垃圾。科学家认为使用可重复使用的装备更好。
1.A 推理判断题。根据第三段中“As well as being potentially dangerous for
pets and wildlife, there is a risk that they could spread infection”可推知,
DCN对PPE垃圾持担忧态度。故选A项。tolerant宽容的,容忍的;skeptical怀疑
的;approving赞成的,同意的。
2.D 推理判断题。作者以“圣诞节收运”做类比说明了在大流行病期间家庭垃圾的巨
大数量,由此推断提到“圣诞收运”是为了批评这一现象。故选D项。
3.B 推理判断题。由“the scientists' warning”可定位到最后一段。根据
“Scientists, however, have warned that even if masks are dealt with
properly, 124,000 tons of single-use facemasks could end up in landfills if
people do not switch to reusable coverings”可知,使用可重复使用的装备更好。
故选B项。
4.C 主旨要义题。第一段为文章的主旨段,根据“they are battling with a
mountain of personal protective equipment (PPE) litter”可知,文章的主要内容
是处理PPE垃圾的问题。故选C项。
Passage 7
Saving the giant panda from extinction isn't just good for the bears—
it's good for the botto m lin e too,a new analysis by an international team
of scientists shows.
The results, published in the journal Current Biology, highlight the
economic benefits that they say go hand in hand with environmental
conservation. In order to protect giant pandas, the government must protect
their forests, which provide a host of often underappreciated services for
the communities that lie in and around them. For example,forests allow for北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
the growing of crops and the grazing(放牧)of animals,store fresh water and
supply firewood,lumber(木材)and many useful plants.They manage storm run-
off and help prevent erosion(侵蚀).
The pandas themselves also hold enormous cultural value that has risen
rapidly in recent decades among Chinese residents,the study also points
out. “From 1980 to 2010,the cultural value of pandas and their reserves
almost doubled, largely driven by tourism use,” they said.
Taking all of these factors into account,the scientists calculated a total
economic value of approximately $2.6 billion in 2010 in China. Keep in
mind,the costs of preserving the panda habitat at current levels come to
about$255 million. The study authors said that including the global
cultural value, the animals would increase the total economic value to $6.9
billion per year—or about 27 times the costs of habitat preservation.
The researchers also noted that the investment in the panda habitat has
improved the living conditions of local residents. They pointed out that
the annual income in Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu provinces,which sit next to
the panda reserves,rose by an average of 56% from 2000 to 2010.Farmers in
counties within these provinces that were next to the panda reserves saw
their annual incomes rise by 64%,on average.
“The findings provide a promising example of how conservation efforts can
pay off,and they could be applied to many other threatened and endangered
species,” the study authors said.
1.What do the underlined words “bottom line” refer to in the first
paragraph?
A.Moral standard.
B.Economic profits.
C.Overall development.
D.Environmental conservation.
2.Which is one of the results of preserving pandas?
A.Less farmland.北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
B.More foreign trade.
C.More forest fires.
D.Better farming conditions.
3.In China,about how many times do economic values outweigh the costs of
preservation?
A.26. B.10.
C.4. D.3.
4.What's the main idea of the passage?
A.Protecting pandas takes great efforts.
B.Panda reserves are a major tourist attraction in China.
C.Conservation of pandas is economically rewarding.
D.Pandas make great contributions to the environment.
答案
语篇解读 本文为说明文,主题语境是人与自然。文章介绍了一项研究,即研究发现拯救
大熊猫免于灭绝不仅对大熊猫有好处,而且对经济也有好处。
1.B 推测词义题。根据第二段第一句The results, published in the journal
Current Biology, highlight the economic benefits that they say go hand in
hand with environmental conservation.可知,发表在《当代生物学》上的研究结果强
调了与环境保护齐头并进的经济效益,因此此处是说拯救大熊猫免于灭绝不仅对大熊猫
有好处,而且对经济效益也有好处,由此可知,“bottom line”指的是“经济效益”,故
B项正确。
2.D 推理判断题。根据第二段中的In order to protect giant pandas,...For
example, forests allow for the growing of crops and the grazing of animals
可知,保护大熊猫带来的其中一个结果是改善了农耕条件,故选D项。
3.A 推理判断题。根据第四段中的Keep in mind, the costs of preserving the
panda habitat at current levels come to about $255 million. The study
authors said that including the global cultural value, the animals would
increase the total economic value to $6.9 billion per year—or about 27
times the costs of habitat preservation.可知,保护大熊猫带来的经济价值大约比
保护成本多26倍,故选A项。北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
4.C 主旨要义题。通读全文,特别是根据第一段及第二段中的highlight the
economic benefits that they say go hand in hand with environmental
conservation可知,拯救大熊猫免于灭绝不仅对大熊猫有好处,而且对经济效益也有好
处,即保护大熊猫在经济上是有益的,故选C项。
长难句 In order to protect giant pandas, the government must protect their
forests, which provide a host of often underappreciated services for the
communities that lie in and around them. 为了保护大熊猫,政府必须保护它们的
森林,这些森林为它们内部和周围的社区提供了许多经常不被重视的服务。
本句为主从复合句。句中which引导的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词forests;在which
引导的定语从句中that引导的定语从句修饰先行词communities。
Passage 8
By the time Robert Porter Allen was born in 1905, the whooping crane(鸣
鹤)was already in trouble. The beautiful bird was once commonly found
across North America. By 1941, the whooping crane population had dwindled
to double digits. The species was critically endangered.
In the 1940's, the remaining cranes migrated(迁徙)every year from the Gulf
Coast of Texas to somewhere in the north of Canada to breed(繁殖). The
conservation community didn't know where the birds went. The wetlands where
they used to spend winters were growing rarer and rarer as they were dried
and built on, and the birds were dying in large numbers during the long
migration flight. A tiny, non-migrating group of whooping cranes was alive
in Louisiana in 1941, but the group had disappeared by the time Allen
started his research.
In 1942, Allen undertook the whooping crane project. Over the next three
years, he did almost constant field work that took him from Texas up the
cranes' migration route to Nebraska, and on into Saskatchewan in search of
the nesting ground of the birds.
Studying the bird in its breeding habitat and seeing how many birds were
born would allow conservationists to understand how to help the birds on北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
their journey. But finding the whooping crane's nesting site meant
difficult and fruitless air searches over northern Canada.
In 1952, Allen wrote a report on the whooping crane. The report was a
warning call to the conservation community:only 33 migratory “whoopers”
remained, and their nesting site still hadn't been found. Two years later,
the whooping crane's breeding grounds in Canada were finally found, and
Allen headed north to study them first-hand. Allen's work laid the
groundwork for conservationists to save the birds.
Their efforts paid off as the numbers reached 57 by 1970 and 214 by 2005.
Today, the whooping crane is still listed as endangered, but there are
roughly 600 birds alive.
1.What is the passage mainly about?
A.It is a story about Allen's searching for a lost bird.
B.It is a story about the cranes' long migration flight.
C.It is a story about the crane surviving the winters.
D.It is a story about conserving the whooping crane.
2.What does the underlined word “dwindled” mean in the first paragraph?
A.Increased.
B.Reduced.
C.Stayed.
D.Limited.
3.According to the passage, which of the following is mainly responsible
for what happened to the whooping crane?
A.Habitat loss.
B.Illegal hunting.
C.Natural disaster.
D.Deadly diseases.
4.Which of the following events took place in 1954?
A.The non-migrating group of whooping cranes disappeared.
B.Robert Porter Allen undertook the whooping crane project.
C.The whooping crane's breeding grounds were discovered.北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
D.Robert Porter Allen wrote a report on the whooping crane.
答案
语篇解读 本文为记叙文,讲述了一名动物保护者保护濒危动物鸣鹤的故事。
1.D 主旨要义题。本题题干意为:本文的主要内容是什么?第一至二段介绍了鸣鹤的濒
危程度,第三至五段介绍了Robert Porter Allen为保护濒危动物鸣鹤所做的工作,最
后一段介绍了保护工作取得的成效。综上所述,本文主要讲述了有关保护鸣鹤的故事,故
答案为D项。
2.B 推测词义题。本题题干意为:第一段中画线词“dwindled”的意思是什么?根据上
下文尤其是本句中的“double digits”(两位数)可知答案为B项(减少)。A:增加;C:保
持;D:限制。
3.A 细节理解题。本题题干意为:根据本文,下列哪一项应对鸣鹤所发生的事负主要责
任?根据第二段中“The wetlands where they used to spend winters were growing
rarer and rarer as they were dried and built on, and the birds were dying
in large numbers during the long migration flight.”可知答案为A项(栖息地的
丧失)。B:非法捕猎;C:自然灾害;D:致命疾病。
4.C 细节理解题。本题题干意为:在1954年发生了下列哪个事件?根据题干中的
“1954”在文中寻找1954年或接近1954年的内容,由此可定位到第五段;根据第五段
中的In 1952及该段中“Two years later, the whooping crane's breeding
grounds in Canada were finally found,...”可知答案为C项(鸣鹤的繁衍地被发
现)。
Passage 9
Margaret Mead, one of the most famous anthropologists(人类学家)in the
world,was born in the USA in 1901, the oldest of five children.Her father
was a professor of finance and her mother was a sociologist. After studying
psychology as an undergraduate, Mead took a PhD in the relatively new field
of anthropology.Mead was particularly interested in primitive communities
because she believed that such isolated cultures could serve as
“laboratories” that would reveal ways of living that the modern world had
forgotten about but needed to remember.北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
Having travelled to Samoa, a few tiny volcanic islands in the center of the
Pacific Ocean,Mead gradually got interested in gender roles and discovered
that modern societies are far more strict in this area than primitive
ones.For example,Americans tend to think of men as productive,sensible and
aggressive,while women are often told they're more light-hearted and
peaceful. But Mead studied tribes in Papua New Guinea and recorded that in
the Arapesh tribe, both men and women were peaceful, while in another
tribe, men and women were both ruthless and aggressive.
Mead's striking conclusion is that it isn't gender that makes women curl
their hair or listen to people's feelings,or race that makes some nations
regularly attack their neighbors.Rather,it's the social expectations and
norms that have laid the groundwork for each individual's psychological
makeup. “We must recognize,” she reminded her readers, “that beneath the
superficial(表面上的)classifications of sex and race,the same
potentialities always exist,occurring again generation after
generation,only to perish because society has no place for them.”
She is regarded as one of the most influential social scientists of the
last century.People around the world mourned the death of Margaret Mead in
1978.A year later,the president of the United States,Jimmy Carter,honored
the social scientist with America's highest award for civilians.
1.What can we learn about Mead from the text?
A.She was influenced by her mother to be an anthropologist.
B.She majored in psychology and anthropology as an undergraduate.
C.She believed isolated cultures could expose forgotten ways of living to
the modern world.
D.She discovered modern societies were less strict in gender roles than
primitive ones.
2.It can be inferred from Mead's study in tribes that .
A.the world is filled with separate cultures
B.no gender characteristics are ever simply “human nature”北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
C.knowing another culture will help us reflect on our own
D.social standards are responsible for individual's development
3.What does the underlined word “them” in the third paragraph refer to?
A.Shared potential among humans.
B.Classifications of gender and race.
C.Social expectations and norms.
D.Each individual's psychological makeup.
4.What's the passage mainly about?
A.The difference between men and women.
B.The recommendation of Mead's book.
C.The introduction about a great anthropologist.
D.The groundwork for each individual's makeup.
答案
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为对社会有突出贡
献的人物。文章主要介绍了著名的人类学家玛格丽特·米德的主要成就及影响。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中“she believed that such isolated cultures
could serve as ‘laboratories’ that would reveal ways of living that the
modern world had forgotten about but needed to remember”可确定答案为C。
2.B 推理判断题。根据第三段的“Mead's striking conclusion is that it isn't
gender that makes women curl their hair or listen to people's feelings, or
race that makes some nations regularly attack their neighbors.”可知作者认
为性别特征不是人类的天性。故选B项。
3.A 推测词义题。根据第三段的“the same potentialities always exist,
occurring again generation after generation, only to perish because society
has no place for them(同样的潜力永远存在,一代又一代地重复出现,只是因为社会
没有它们的位置才消失)”,可以看出them指代上文的the same potentialities,即
shared potential among humans。故选A。
4.C 主旨要义题。通读全文可知,文章介绍了玛格丽特·米德的家庭成员、专业、成就
及影响。故选C项。
长难句 Mead was particularly interested in primitive communities becaus e
she believed that such isolated cultures could serve as “laboratories”北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
tha t would reveal ways of living that the modern world had forgotten about
but needed to remember.米德对原始社区特别感兴趣,因为她认为这种孤立的文化可
以作为“实验室”,揭示现代世界已经忘记但需要记住的生活方式。
本句为主从复合句。句子的主干为:Mead was particularly interested in primitive
communities。句中beause引导原因状语从句;在原因状语从句中第一个that引导动词
believed的宾语从句;后面两个that引导定语从句。
Passage 10
A new study, published this week in the journal Frontiers in Veterinary
Science, reveals that non-human animals' tears are not so different from
our own. The chemical similarities are so great, in fact, that the
composition of other species' tears—and how they're adapted to their
environments—may provide insights into better treatments for human eye
disease.
Previously, scientists had studied closely only the tears of a handful of
mammals, including humans, dogs, horses, camels, and monkeys. In the new
study, Brazilian veterinarians analyzed the tears of reptiles and birds for
the first time, focusing on seven species.
Tears, which are released from the tear glands, form a film over the eye
that is composed of three ingredients: mucus, water, and oil. The mucus
coats the eye's surface and helps to attach the film to the eye, the water
is a natural saline solution(盐溶液) containing crucial proteins and
minerals, and the oil prevents the eye from drying out.
Humans are the only known species to produce emotional tears; the
expression “crocodile tears,” which refers to a person's phony display of
emotion, comes from the mysterious tendency of crocodiles to release tears
as they eat.
But tears play key roles beyond weeping, notes Lionel Sebbag at Iowa State
University, who was not involved in the new research. They help with vision北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
by lubricating and clearing the eye. They also protect the eye against
infection and provide nutrition to the cornea, the eye's clear outer layer,
which lacks blood vessels(血管), he says.
Learning how reptiles and birds use tears may also inspire new medications
for conditions such as dry eye, which occurs when the tear glands don't
produce enough oil. The disease, common in cats, dogs, and people, can
sometimes lead to blindness.
1.What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A.The source of tears.
B.The composition of tears.
C.The classification of tears.
D.The definition of tears.
2.What does the underlined word “phony” in paragraph 4 mean?
A.Tricky. B.Regretful.
C.Cold. D.False.
3.Which statement does Lionel Sebbag agree with?
A.Weeping contributes to eye disease.
B.The cornea has rich blood vessels.
C.Tears oil and clear the eyes.
D.More tears mean better vision.
4.What might be the best title for the text?
A.Tears, a barrier to eyes
B.A better treatment for eye disease
C.Non-human tears promise new cures
D.Other species' tears are similar to humans'
答案
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为科学与技术。一项
新研究表明,其他动物的眼泪与人类的眼泪并没有太大不同,实际上其他动物眼泪的组
成为治愈人类的一些眼病提供了思路。
1.B 主旨要义题。第三段主旨句为第一句。由此可知,第三段主要讲了眼泪的成分。故
选B项。北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
2.D 推测词义题。根据画线单词下文“display of emotion, comes from the
mysterious tendency of crocodiles to release tears as they eat”可知,鳄鱼进
食的时候会流泪,所以“鳄鱼的眼泪”指的是一个人虚假的情感表达。即画线词意思是
“虚假的”。故选D项。
3.C 细节理解题。根据“Lionel Sebbag”可定位于第五段。根据“They help with
vision by lubricating and clearing the eye(它们通过润滑和清洁眼睛来帮助视
力)”可知,C选项“眼泪可以润滑和清洁眼睛”与Lionel Sebbag的观点一致。故选C
项。
4.C 主旨要义题。文章第一段为主旨段,根据“The chemical similarities are so
great, in fact, that the composition of other species' tears—and how
they're adapted to their environments—may provide insights into better
treatments for human eye disease.”可知,文章主要介绍的是其他动物的眼泪为治
疗人类眼病提供了思路,故选C项。
Passage 11
Google has announced plans to stop supporting tools designed to follow
Internet users across the Web in order to target them with specific
advertising.
Such tools are known as cookies—small data files that are stored on an
Internet user's computer as they browse(浏览)different websites. This data
can be read by web servers to identify web browsing behaviors of the user.
Cookies make it possible for users to avoid having to repeatedly enter
their user names and passwords to get access to websites they use often.
But the use of cookies raises major privacy concerns, with critics saying a
user's browsing history should not be recorded just to target them with
ads.
Google announced in 2020 it had decided “to remove support for third-party
cookies” from its Chrome browser. In another online announcement, Google
repeated this promise, saying it will not build new tools to replace
current cookie technology.北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
In explaining its decision, Google referred to a Pew Research study that
found 72 percent of Americans feel that almost all of what they do online
is tracked by advertisers. Google's decision to remove third-party cookies
also followed increasing efforts to protect privacy in Europe and the
United States. Google said the current Internet advertising model needs to
change to answer “the growing concerns people have about their privacy and
how their personal identity is being used.”
In January, however, Google's plan was questioned by British competition
regulators. The country's Competition and Markets Authority announced it
had launched an investigation into whether the changes would give Google an
unfair advantage over competitors in Internet advertising. The agency said
it received objections to the plan from Marketers for an Open Web, a league
of technology and publishing companies. The group accuses Google of
“abusing its dominant position” by attempting to create a new advertising
model.
In its latest statement, Google said, “We will not build alternate
identifiers to track individuals as they browse across the Web, nor will we
use them in our products.”
1.According to the text, what do you know about cookies?
A.Cookies are inconvenient for web users.
B.The users should repeat their passwords to enter websites.
C.Google uses cookies to monitor the web users' private life.
D.The tracks of the web users can be followed by the web servers.
2.Why did Google make the decision?
A.To use an alternative tool.
B.To get more personal information.
C.To respond to concerns about privacy.
D.To create a fair Internet advertising platform.
3.What does the investigation show us?
A.It was organized by an agency of the US.
B.All people don't accept Google's plan.北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
C.Google has the biggest advantages on the Internet.
D.Marketers for an Open Web is in favor of Google's plan.
4.What is the text mainly about?
A.Privacy should be protected.
B.Google will change the advertising model.
C.There should not be many advertisements on the Web.
D.Cookies will be removed from Google for privacy protection.
答案
语篇解读 本文是新闻报道,主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为科学与技术。文章介
绍了Google将停止支持能识别用户网络浏览行为的cookie,并解释了原因。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中This data can be read by web servers to
identify web browsing behaviors of the user可知,cookie可以帮助网络服务器跟
踪用户的网络行为。故选D项。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第四段中Google's decision to remove third-party
cookies also followed increasing efforts to protect privacy in Europe and
the United States可知,谷歌这样做的原因是回应用户对隐私的担忧,故选C项。
3.B 细节理解题。根据第五段中The agency said it received objections to the
plan from Marketers for an Open Web, a league of technology and publishing
companies可知,谷歌的这一计划受到一些公司的质疑和反对,即不是所有人都接受谷歌
的这一计划。故选B项。
4.D 主旨要义题。本文是一篇新闻报道,首段Google has announced plans to stop
supporting tools designed to follow Internet users across the Web in order
to target them with specific advertising.即全文的主题句,后文具体说明了要停
止支持的是cookie和停止支持的原因是保护隐私。故选D项。
Passage 12
Using natural and organic products for skincare is increasingly popular
—and that includes suncream. Many websites feature users' recipes for
homemade suncream. Judging from the comment, the rise in interest in
homemade suncream is because some people fear the chemicals in shop-bought
suncream and believe that natural products mixed at home will be better at北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
protecting them from the sun's harmful rays. The fear originates from
recent news that some suncream elements seem to disturb hormones (荷尔蒙).
Many of the homemade suncream recipes contain elements like shea butter and
cocoa butter as well as coconut and vitamin E oils. The sun protection
factor (SPF) values for these elements, according to the authors of these
recipes, are between four and six. These SPF values, if true, are not
enough to protect the skin against the harmful effects of sunlight. Some
recipes include carrot seed essential oil, which the authors claim to have
an SPF of 35—40. But this is unlikely, given the small amount used in
these recipes. The European Commission recommended the SPF for moderate
skin protection is 15—29 (and 30—50+for high protection).
The sun's most harmful rays are ultraviolet (UV) radiation—notably UVB and
UVA radiation. UVB has a shorter wavelength and doesn't go far into the
skin, but it is very dangerous as it can change the DNA in skin cells and
cause skin cancer. UVA has a longer wavelength and can go much deeper into
the skin. UVA can cause harmful reactive oxygen molecules (分子)called
“free radicals” to form. These molecules can damage fat, protein and DNA
in the skin, thereby weakening the normal function of skin cells.
Shop-bought suncream contains approved UV-blocking molecules that block UVA
and UVB rays. Zinc oxide (氧化锌)is one of these UV-blocking materials. It
has been extensively tested to determine the most effective size for
blocking harmful rays. It is not clear whether the zinc oxide powder
recommended for the homemade recipes meets the recommended size or
proportion needed.
1.What may concern consumers of the shop-bought suncream?
A.The price of it.
B.The hormones in it.
C.The chemicals in it.
D.The production process of it.
2.What are SPF values used for?北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
A.Measuring the amount of chemicals in suncream.
B.Measuring the harm suncream does to people.
C.Measuring the hormone level of suncream.
D.Measuring the protective effect of suncream.
3.What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A.How skin protection products work.
B.What harm the sun's rays bring to skin.
C.How the sun's most harmful rays form.
D.How UVB and UVA radiation can be blocked.
4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A.Shop-bought suncream needs more tests.
B.More zinc oxide powder is beneficial to skin.
C.Shop-bought suncream is more suitable for people.
D.More chemicals will be added into shop-bought suncream.
答案
语篇解读 本文为说明文,主题语境是人与社会。文章介绍了使用天然和有机产品进行
护肤越来越受欢迎,其中包括防晒霜。有人自制防晒霜,认为能更好地保护自己免受阳光
的伤害,其实商店买的防晒霜在作用上比较有保证。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的some people fear the chemicals in shop-
bought suncream可知,一些消费者担心在商店买的防晒霜里含有化学物质,故选C项。
2.D 推理判断题。根据第二段中的The sun protection factor (SPF) values for
these elements, ...is 15—29 (and 30—50+ for high protection)可综合判断SPF
用于衡量防晒霜的保护效果。故选D项。
3.B 主旨要义题。第三段主要叙述了太阳的光线对皮肤的危害。故选B项。
4.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Shop-bought suncream contains approved UV-
blocking molecules that block UVA and UVB rays.和It has been extensively
tested to determine the most effective size for blocking harmful rays.可综
合推断,在商店买的防晒霜更适合人们。故选C项。
长难句 Judging from the comment, the rise in interest in homemade suncream
is because some people fear the chemicals in shop-bought suncream and
believe that natural products mixed at home will be better at protecting北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
them from the sun's harmful rays. 从评论来看,对自制防晒霜的兴趣上升是因为有
些人害怕商店购买的防晒霜中的化学物质,并相信在家里混合的天然产品会更善于保护
他们免受太阳有害光线的伤害。
本句为主从复合句。because引导表语从句,that引导宾语从句。
Passage 13
Heads up! Across the country, sports injuries are a safety concern for
young athletes. Now, the American Medical Association (AMA) has a new set
of guidelines aimed at protecting players from the danger of concussions—
serious injuries caused by a blow to the head.
“By raising awareness of the serious risks associated with concussions and
ensuring that the appropriate guidelines are in place, we can reduce the
number of young athletes who may return to the game too soon, which can put
their health at further risk,” said AMA Board Member Jack Resneck Jr.,
M.D., in a statement.
The policy recommends that young athletes who may have a concussion be
taken off the field as soon as possible. Then, they are only to return to
their sport with a doctor's written approval. The policy also sets age-
specific rules for health care professionals and athletic organizations in
evaluating and caring for concussions.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), a
concussion is a type of traumatic (创伤的) brain injury caused by a bump,
blow, or jolt to the head or hit to the body that causes the head and brain
to move rapidly back and forth. This type of movement can cause the brain
to bounce around or twist inside the skull (颅骨). It can damage brain
cells and create chemical changes in the brain.
The CDC says that between 1.6 million and 3.8 million traumatic brain
injuries caused by sports and recreation-related activities occur in the
U.S. every year. A study from the Center for Injury Research and Policy
shows that as many as 40% of high school athletes return to playing before北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
they should. The AMA's new guidelines should help to bring those numbers
down.
1.Why does the AMA set the new guidelines?
A.To raise safety standards of sports.
B.To protect athletes from concussions.
C.To set rules for health care evaluation.
D.To help players return to the game quickly.
2.What should young athletes who may have a concussion do?
A.Avoid using the head.
B.Leave the field forever.
C.Get treatment in time.
D.Switch to another sport.
3.What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A.What a concussion is.
B.What causes damage to brain cells.
C.How the CDC works.
D.How a concussion can be prevented.
4.Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A.Rules for Safer Play
B.Sports Injuries in the US
C.Advice to Athletes
D.New Policies for Doctors
答案
语篇解读 本文为新闻报道,主题语境是人与社会。文章介绍了为保护运动员免受脑震
荡的伤害,美国医学会制定了一套新的指导方针。
1.B 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中Now, the American Medical Association(AMA)
has a new set of guidelines aimed at protecting players from the danger of
concussions可知答案为B项。北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
2.C 推理判断题。根据文章第三段第一句话并结合第二段内容可知,可能会有脑震荡的
年轻运动员应尽快离开运动场地,及时接受治疗,以避免受到进一步的伤害。故选C项。
3.A 主旨要义题。第四段第一句话说明了什么是“concussions”;第二句话和第三句
话指出了其造成的危害。故选A项。
4.A 主旨要义题。通读全文可知,现在美国医学会制定了一套新的指导方针,旨在保护
运动员免受脑震荡的伤害。故选A项。
Passage 14
The hemlock(铁杉) trees along the Wappinger Creek, New York, look
healthy. However, scientist Gary Lovett says the white balls which provide
protection for the bugs are created by a tiny insect. It's hard to believe
the tiny bug could kill a tree. However, trees can end up with millions and
millions of the pests. When there are that many, it ends up killing the
tree.
The bug from East Asia is slowly killing trees across the USA.The trouble-
making bug is just one of many invasive(入侵的) pests that have slipped
into the United States. They can hurt other living things in their new
home.
Many invasive pests arrive on wooden pallets piled inside shipping
containers. They support and separate goods, and keep them from sliding
around. Invasive pests often tunnel into the pallets. How can we stop pests
from riding on pallets? Lovett says new rules are needed. The companies
that make pallets don't want more rules. Congress has made an amendment(修
正案) to try to solve this problem. However, Lovett is not hopeful that it
will make much of a difference. Pallets are checked by inspectors. Many are
sprayed with bug-killing pesticide. “I believe in the system,”said Brent
McClendon, president of the National Wooden Pallet and Container
Association. He also said shipping containers are checked very carefully.
Still, each year 13 million containers are shipped to the U.S. Each is full
of wooden pallets. Lovett says,“Inspectors can't possibly check
everything. All it takes are a few bad pallets; we should get rid of wooden北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
pallets.” He believes pallets should be made of plastic or eco-composite
wood. Eco-composite wood is a mix of wood fiber and plastic. Insects cannot
hide into it. One problem is that these choices cost more. They may be
worth the extra money, though. Invasive pests cost the U.S. $5 billion a
year. Trees don't just die in forests. They also die in cities and our
yards. Then, they need to be replaced. That costs money, too.
1.All the following statements are TRUE except that .
A.pesticide has been applied to bug-killing
B.invasive pests are native to the Wappinger Creek
C.invasive pests hide in pallets used in shipping
D.the companies making pallets don't want more rules
2.What can we infer from the passage?
A.Bugs can be easily spotted by eyes.
B.Bugs ruin the shipped goods slowly.
C.Bugs won't bother the tree if just in small numbers.
D.Bugs cover trees with white soft balls for protection.
3.Why does Gary Lovett want to get rid of wooden pallets?
A.Because insects mostly die in them.
B.Because plastic pallets are eco-friendly.
C.Because they are not worth extra money.
D.Because they are the major pest carriers.
4.What does the passage mainly talk about?
A.Invasive pests are harming plants in the USA.
B.Effective measures have stopped the pest invasion.
C.Congress contributes a lot to dealing with invasive pests.
D.Ecosystem in the USA is poorly damaged by invasive woods.
答案
语篇解读 本文为记叙文,介绍了美国铁杉树虫害是运输过程中使用的木板所携带的外
来昆虫所致。有关人士就此问题提出了相应的解决方案。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第二段可知此害虫来自东亚,故答案为B项。北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
2.C 推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句However, trees can end up with millions
and millions of the pests. When there are that many, it ends up killing the
tree.可知如果那些虫子数量不多不会影响树木。
3.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段可知:木制托板是害虫的主要载体,故答案为D项。
4.A 主旨要义题。由全文尤其是第一段可知本文的主题是外来害虫正伤害美国的树木,
故答案为A项。
Passage 15
It was a reading class. While all her classmates were flying through
the 2nd and 3rd books in the Harry Potter series, Skye Malik, only on page
four of the first book, got impossibly stuck on the word “doughnut”.
Her unexpected difficulty with reading is called dyslexia. Skye got a
professional diagnosis at the end of the 2nd grade. Knowing that other kids
were going through the same thing made it easier on her somehow. What
wasn't easy, even after all the help she got from special tutors and
reading programs, was fluent reading. What many people do without thinking
—reading—she had to struggle with word by word, sometimes letter by
letter. In class, she would hear the other kids flip through the pages on
assignments and go on to the questions while she was still battling with
the first paragraph.
She was as frustrated as she was discouraged. But she didn't know of any
other way until her 4th grade teacher, Miss Pollock, told her about
something called Learning Ally.
Learning Ally is a non-profit organization that offers audio-books. A crew
of volunteer readers have recorded 75,000 classic novels, children's books,
and school textbooks that help more than 300,000 students and adults with
dyslexia or who are blind. Now Skye could listen to the books with her ears
and follow the words with her eyes on the page. Instead of having her
mother read her textbooks to her, she could independently do her work.
“With Learning Ally, I feel confident and capable and can easily keep up北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
with my classmates,” Skye explains, “and I want other kids to feel
empowered, just the way I did.”
So Skye created The Paco Project which was named after her grandfather,
whose nickname was “Paco”. The Paco Project is a fundraiser and
educational initiative focusing on giving students with dyslexia access to
the same Learning Ally technology that changed her life.
Skye has realized that she is one of the lucky kids who have been
diagnosed. She knows that educating teachers about dyslexia and giving
students with the learning challenge the tools they need is a great first
step in meeting dyslexia head-on, and helping them be confident, capable
students.
“Right now they feel ashamed, unsure and insecure about their school work.
If I could help stop these students feeling this way, that would mean the
world to me.”
1.According to the passage, Skye .
A.found out a way with the help of Miss Pollock
B.felt annoyed at being teased by her classmates
C.preferred reading the first book of Harry Potter
D.was diagnosed with dyslexia in her fourth grade
2.The Paco Project was created .
A.to promote Learning Ally technology
B.to empower those with reading difficulties
C.with inspiration from Skye's grandfather
D.in response to the growing demands of teachers
3.The passage is mainly about .
A.what people with dyslexia are suffering
B.what measures are needed to beat dyslexia
C.how Learning Ally influenced people with dyslexia
D.how Skye battled against dyslexia and helped others
答案北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
语篇解读 本文的主题语境是人与社会,主题语境内容是公益事业与志愿服务。一个被
诊断为诵读困难的孩子Skye逐渐克服了诵读困难带来的问题,并创立了Paco项目,希
望帮助更多的有诵读困难的人。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句But she didn't know of any other way until
her 4th grade teacher, Miss Pollock, tol d he r abou t somethin g calle d
Learnin g All y.可知,Skye在Pollock老师的帮助下找到了解决办法。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句The Paco Project is a fundraiser and
educational initiative focusing on givin g student s wit h dyslexi a acces s t o
th e sam e Learnin g All y technolog y tha t change d he r lif e.可知,Paco项目是为了
帮助那些有诵读困难的人而创立的。
3.D 主旨要义题。一个被诊断为诵读困难的孩子Skye逐渐克服了诵读困难带来的问题。
之后,她创立了Paco项目,希望借此帮助更多的有诵读困难的人。本文主要讲述了Skye
是如何与诵读困难作斗争并帮助他人的。
Passage 16
词数 351
Craig Foster was diving in bitterly cold waters off the southernmost tip of
Africa when he saw her—an octopus hiding under shells and stones.
Deeply attracted, he began following this incredibly shy creature. He kept
coming back every day to the same place where he first met her, trying to
stay very still in her presence. For weeks she refused him:hiding in her
home, or pushing her liquid body into the nearest crack to escape. And
then, after Foster's dogged persistence for 26 days, she reached out and
touched him.
In the documentary “My Octopus Teacher”, this tender moment moves you in
a way you never thought an octopus tentacle (触手) wrapped around a human北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
hand could. The nature documentary won the Oscar For Best Documentary
Feature.
“If you gain the trust of that animal over a period of months, it will
actually ignore you to a certain degree and carry on with its normal life,
and allow you to step inside its secret world,” Foster says in his
documentary.
We see her outsmarting a shark by riding on its back, growing a new
tentacle after surviving a shark attack, and finally wasting away after
laying her eggs. “The octopus showed me many behaviors that were
completely new to science,” Foster says.
After years of filming some of the planet's most dangerous animals, Foster
was burnt out, depressed, and disconnected. “I was struggling. My only way
to heal felt like I needed to be in the ocean, my go-to happy place as a
child,” he says.
Completely involving himself in the underwater world has calmed his mind.
Over the years other animals have reached out to make contact, including
dolphins, whales and even sharks. “But nothing has compared to this
‘once-in-a-lifetime’ bond with the octopus,” Foster says.
The octopus changed Foster's life forever. Foster says the octopus taught
him that humans are part of the natural world, and not simply visitors.
“Your own role and place in the natural world is the most precious gift we
humans have received,” he says.
1.Foster followed the octopus with .
A.great patience
B.a professional goal
C.scientific curiosity
D.an adventurous spirit
2.According to “My Octopus Teacher”, the octopus .
A.enjoyed Foster's attention
B.taught Foster survival skills
C.placed trust in Foster gradually北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
D.benefited from Foster's company
3.What did Foster learn from the experience?
A.The natural world offers many gifts.
B.Humans belong to the natural world.
C.The natural world never fails to impress.
D.Humans should protect the natural world.
答案
语篇解读 本文的主题语境为人与自然,主题语境内容为人与动植物。文章通过讲述克
雷格·福斯特与章鱼之间的故事,向我们展示了人类是自然界的一部分。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句And then, after Foster's dogged
persistence for 26 days, she reached out and touched him.可知,福斯特花了26
天才获得了章鱼的信任,这需要足够的耐心。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第四段福斯特在纪录片中说的话If you gain the trust of
that animal over a period of months, it will actually ignore you to a
certain degree and carry on with its normal life, and allow you to step
inside its secret world可知,章鱼逐渐开始信任福斯特了。
3.B 主旨要义题。根据文章最后一段第一、二句The octopus changed Foster's life
forever. Foster says the octopus taught him that human s ar e par t o f th e
natura l worl d, and not simply visitors.可知,福斯特通过这次的经历,明白了人类
是大自然的一部分。
Passage 17
词数 384
The Party of Their Lives
In Los Angeles's Skid Row, there are hundreds of children living on the
streets or in shelters. It's a place where dreams go to die. But one couple
is determined to use their own experience with loss to foster a sense of
hope.
In 2013, Mary Green and her husband lost their first unborn kid. Refusing
to let the heartbreak break them, they became volunteers in a Skid Row
homeless shelter. They found that many of the kids there had never had a
single birthday party before, so they decided to throw a birthday party for北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
those homeless kids. They found a room in the Union Rescue Mission and
filled it with streamers, gifts and a cake. The kids were so excited that
they made their own music—singing and clapping and, of course, laughing.
Since then, the couple have thrown a party each and every month. They
routinely attract 250 kids and their parents. An hour before each party,
volunteers arrive to set up the decorations and activities:face painting,
balloon artists, a DJ, cake, and pizza. There are small presents for the
kids celebrating their birthdays, but the Greens make sure there are more
than enough to go around.
“I remember a mom came with her kid,” Mary says. “It was their first
night at the shelter, and her child had a birthday. We had an extra gift
for her—pink headphones. The little girl was so excited. And her
mom...she's crying. ‘I never imagined we would ever need to be in a
shelter. I didn't know what to expect. But I really didn't expect a
birthday party for my child.’ she cried with happiness.”
Doing her best to normalize these kids' lives is both heartwarming and
bittersweet, Mary says. “If you look outside, you will see homeless people
after homeless people on the street, and it reminds you that these kids
don't get to leave this area after the party.”
It may be why, after throwing 88 parties, she still cries after each one.
She credits the kids in the shelter with helping her hold on to hope. “We
didn't realize how much joy they were going to bring us,” she told CBS
News. “And it was so comforting for both kids and us.”
1.In Skid Row, hundreds of kids .
A.are homeless
B.lose their parents
C.drop out of school
D.are crazy about parties
2.How do the couple help the kids?
A.They raise much money.北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
B.They rent many houses.
C.They host birthday parties.
D.They make birthday presents.
3.According to the passage, which can best describe Mary?
A.Honest and generous.
B.Caring and generous.
C.Outgoing and caring.
D.Outgoing and honest.
4.What does the story intend to tell us?
A.Well begun, half done.
B.East or west, home is best.
C.What goes around comes around.
D.Where there is love, there is hope.
答案
语篇解读 本文的主题语境是人与社会,主题语境内容是公益事业与志愿服务。一对夫
妻在失去自己的孩子后,决定把对孩子的爱转移到其他无家可归的孩子身上,让这些孩
子感受到爱和希望。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句In Los Angeles's Skid Row, there are
hundreds of children livin g o n th e street s o r i n shelter s.可知,数百名儿童无
家可归。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句They found that many of the kids there had
never had a single birthday party before, so they decided to thro w a
birthda y part y fo r thos e homeles s kid s.可知,这对夫妇决定通过举办生日派对的
方式来帮助这些孩子。
3.B 推理判断题。根据第五段第一句Doing her best to normalize these kids'
lives is both heartwarming and bittersweet, Mary says.及最后一段第一句It
may be why, after throwing 88 parties, she still cries after each one.可推
知,玛丽是一个关爱他人、慷慨的人。
4.D 主旨要义题。根据第一段In Los Angeles's Skid Row, there are hundreds of
children living on the streets or in shelters. It's a place where dreams go
to die. But one couple is determined to us e thei r ow n experienc e wit h los s北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
t o foste r a sens e o f hop e.以及后文对这对夫妇的所作所为的讲述可知,这对夫妇通
过他们的行为,尽量让这些孩子感受到爱和希望。因此这个故事要告诉我们“哪里有爱,
哪里就有希望”。
Passage 18
Sports fandom is about more than just entertainment.It can boost your
self-esteem(自尊) and make you happier—and you don't have to root for the
winning team to gain the benefits.
Being a sports fan is a “very psychologically healthy activity,” says
Daniel Wann, professor at Murray State University whose research program
centres on the psychology of sports fandom.Fandom connects us to other
like-minded people, which satisfies our human need for belonging, he says.
These relationships are significant:People who are identified as sports
fans have higher levels of self-esteem, and lower levels of loneliness and
tend to be more satisfied with their lives compared to those who aren't
interested in sports, Wann says.Fans tend to have more access to social
support, help and resources as well.Research suggests that when people have
support from their communities, they have better health.
Beyond bonding, fans get to enjoy the psychological benefits of winning,
even if they have nothing to do with the players or games, says Stephen
Reysen, associate professor at Texas A&M University-Commerce who studies
identity and fandom.
“Individuals feel that the fan interest (in this case a sports team) is a
part of them,” Reysen says.“So when the team is winning, you feel like
you are winning even though you are not a player.”
Of course, teams sometimes lose.北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
So, why do people continue to put their faith behind teams that tend to
lose? People who feel a strong psychological connection to a team are more
likely to root for a team when they're having a losing season, Reysen says.
“Sports fandom has nothing to do with the outcome of a game,” Wann
says.For example, if a pizza restaurant continually got your order wrong,
you'd likely switch to a more reliable one.But because being a fan is so
central to people's identities, people are willing to accept defeat and
continue to be loyal to a team.
Being part of a fan community can also help people cope with losses.A 2019
study found that watching a football game with other fans helps to ease the
negative psychological effects of losing.
“For fans of the losing team, sharing the pain may have protected them
from losing self-esteem,” Silvia Knobloch-Westerwick, co-author of the
study and professor of communication at the Ohio State University said in a
release.
1.According to the passage, why do sports fans feel happier?
A.Because they could gain the benefits from the winning team.
B.Because they can share pains and happiness with people who have the
common interests.
C.Because they could have a low level of self-esteem.
D.Because most of them are optimistic.
2.What is the significance of the relationships between sports fans?
A.Sports fans have support from their favorite teams.
B.Sports fans have higher levels of loneliness.
C.Sports fans are likely more content with their lives.
D.Sports fans tend to compare themselves to those who aren't interested in
sports.
3.According to the passage, if the team has a losing season, the sports
fans may .
A.display their identities
B.have a boost of self-esteem北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
C.not support the team any more
D.have a negative psychology period
4.According to the passage, what can help sports fans deal with losses of
their team?
A.Being part of the team.
B.Ordering a pizza in a different restaurant.
C.Sharing the pain with family members.
D.The loyalty to the team.
5.What is the passage mainly about?
A.Sports fans have a closer relationship with other like-minded people.
B.Sports fans have higher self-esteem and are more satisfied with their
lives.
C.Sports fans always put their faith behind their favorite teams.
D.Sports fandom has nothing to do with the outcome of a game.
答案
语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文。主题语境是人与社会,主题语境内容为体育与健康。本文
讨论了如果一个人是体育迷,可能活得更有自尊,更加幸福。
1.B 推理判断题。根据第二段第二句中的Fandom connects us to other like-
minded people, which satisfies our human need for belonging(粉丝圈将我们与
其他志同道合的人联系在一起,这满足了我们人类的归属感需求),可知B(因为他们可以
和有共同兴趣的人分享痛苦和快乐)正确。
2.C 推理判断题。根据文章第三段第一句中的People who are identified as
sports fans have higher levels of self-esteem, and lower levels of
loneliness and tend to be more satisfied with their lives compared to those
who aren't interested in sports,Wann says.(瓦恩说,与那些对运动不感兴趣的人
相比,体育爱好者的自尊心更强,孤独感更低,而且往往对自己的生活更满意)可知选
C(体育迷可能对他们的生活更满意)。
3.D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的A 2019 study found that watching a
football game with other fans helps to ease the negative psychological
effects of losing.(2019年的一项研究发现,与其他球迷一起观看足球比赛有助于缓
解输球带来的负面心理影响。)可知如果球队失败,球迷是会有负面心理的。故选D。北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
4.D 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的But because being a fan is so central to
people's identities, people are willing to accept defeat and continue to be
loyal to a team.(但是因为成为粉丝是人们身份的核心,人们愿意接受失败,并继续忠
诚于一个球队。)可知答案选D。
5.B 主旨大意题。文章第一段第二句就已经讲明文章主旨:It can boost your self-
esteem and make you happier...(成为体育迷可以增强你的自尊,让你更快乐……)。故
选B。
难句分析 原句:People who feel a strong psychological connection to a team
are more likely to root for a team when they're having a losing season.
分析:本句中who引导定语从句,when引导时间状语从句。
译文:那些感觉自己与球队有强烈心理联系的人,更有可能在失利的赛季为球队加油。
Passage 19
Scientists at the Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory and the California Institute of Technology have—in just two
years—nearly doubled the number of materials known to have potential for
use in solar fuels.
They did so by developing a process that promises to speed the
discovery of commercially viable(在商业上可行) generation of solar fuels
that could replace coal, oil, and other fossil fuels.
Solar fuels, a dream of clean-energy research, are created using only
sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide.Researchers are exploring a range of
possible target fuels, but one possibility is to produce hydrogen by
splitting water.
Each water molecule(分子) consists of one oxygen atom and two hydrogen
atoms.The hydrogen atoms are extracted, and then can be reunited to create
highly flammable hydrogen gas or combined with CO to create hydrocarbon
2
fuels, creating a plentiful and renewable energy source.The problem,
however, is that water molecules do not simply break down when sunlight
shines on them—if they did, the oceans would not cover most of the
planet.They need a little help from a solar-powered catalyst (催化剂).北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
To create practical solar fuels, scientists have been trying to develop
low-cost and efficient materials that perform the necessary chemistry using
only visible light as an energy source.
A new method was developed through a partnership between the Joint
Center for Artificial Photosynthesis(JCAP) and Berkeley Lab's Materials
Project, using resources at the Molecular Foundry and the National Energy
Research Scientific Computing Center(NERSC).JCAP focused on developing a
cost-effective method of turning sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into
fuel.It is led by Caltech with Berkeley Lab as a major partner.The
Materials Project is a program based at Berkeley Lab that aims to remove
the guesswork from materials design in a variety of applications.
“What is particularly significant about this study, which combines
experiment and theory, is that in addition to identifying several new
compounds for solar fuel applications, we can also learn something new
about the basic electronic structure of the materials themselves,” says
Neaton, the director of the Molecular Foundry.
1.What can we learn from the first two paragraphs of the passage?
A.Some scientists promise to speed the discovery of commercially viable
generation of solar fuels.
B.Some scientists have found twice as much solar fuel.
C.Some scientists found new materials in solar fuels that could replace
traditional fuels.
D.Some scientists have used two types of solar fuel in just two years.
2.According to the passage, what can we do to create a plentiful and
renewable energy source?
A.Use only sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide.
B.Extract hydrogen atoms from water molecules.
C.Create hydrocarbon fuels from water molecules.
D.Explore possible target fuels.
3.A solar-powered catalyst can be used for .
A.creating a new energy source北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
B.breaking down water molecules
C.creating highly flammable hydrogen gas
D.reuniting hydrogen atoms extracted from water molecules
4.What can be concluded from the last paragraph?
A.The study will identify some solar fuels.
B.Scientists can learn about the basic electronic structure of the new
compounds.
C.The study involves new theory and relative experiment.
D.The most importance of the study is to find some solar fuel applications.
5.What does the passage focus on?
A.New materials could turn water into the fuel of the future.
B.A new method was developed to create a renewable fuel.
C.A program that aims to split water and create clean-energy research.
D.Solar fuels are a dream of clean energy.
答案
语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文。主题语境是人与自然,主题语境内容为人类生存、社会发
展与环境的关系。本文讨论了科学家近期发现了一些太阳能燃料中的新物质,这些物质
有助于将水转化成燃料。
1.C 推理判断题。文章第一段说科学家两年内在太阳能燃料中发现了许多新物质,第二
段说这种太阳能燃料可以替换传统能源,故选C。
2.C 推理判断题。根据文章第四段前两句Each water molecule consists of one
oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms...creating a plentiful and renewable
energy source.(每个水分子由一个氧原子和两个氢原子组成……从而创造出一种丰富
的可再生能源)可知选C(从水分子中生成碳氢化合物燃料)。
3.B 推理判断题。根据第四段最后两句话The problem, however, is that water
molecules do not simply break down when sunlight shines on them...They need
a little help from a solar-powered catalyst.(然而,问题是当阳光照射到水分子
时,它们不会简单地分解……它们需要一种太阳能催化剂的帮助)可知答案选B(太阳能
催化剂用于分解水分子)。北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
4.B 主旨大意题。根据最后一段中we can also learn something new about the
basic electronic structure of the materials themselves(我们还可以了解材料本
身的基本电子结构的新情况)可知选B(科学家可以了解新化合物的基本电子结构)。
5.A 主旨大意题。这篇文章第一段讲述科学家发现太阳能燃料中的新物质,从第四段开
始介绍这种新物质可以用于把水变成燃料的原理和意义。故选A(新的物质可以把水变
成未来的燃料)。
难句分析 原句:What is particularly significant about this study, which
combines experiment and theory, is that in addition to identifying several
new compounds for solar fuel applications, we can also learn something new
about the basic electronic structure of the materials themselves.
分析:这句话主要结构是由what引导的主语从句,以及由that引导的表语从句组成。
译文:这项结合了实验和理论的研究的特别重要之处在于,除了识别出几种用于太阳能
燃料的新化合物外,我们还可以了解材料本身的基本电子结构的新情况。
Passage 20
My name is Jaimie Eckert and I've been into volunteer work since
childhood.As a girl, I volunteered at animal shelters, played music at
nursing homes, and helped with community cleanup after disasters.In
college, I volunteered heavily at a large yearly conference for young
adults, which is where I fell in love with my husband-to-be, who was on my
team of co-volunteers. Since getting married in 2013, we've been living in
Beirut, Lebanon. I actually have an online coaching business but I've had
many opportunities to volunteer with projects for Syrian refugees (难民)
and youth education.
Volunteering has been a way of life for me for a very long time, and I
wouldn't do it if I didn't enjoy it. Most of the time, you do feel that
you're making a difference.Once I was leading out a project that provided
food boxes to Syrian refugee families.When it was nearing Ramadan, the
biggest holiday season in Islam, I literally stuffed the food package with
extra treats...dates, nuts, olive oil and sweets.We took the package
unannounced and ended up arriving just as the Syrian family was sitting北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
down on their floor for breakfast.They had nothing more than a few pieces
of bread and a pot of tea.The mother was in tears as she received us. I'll
never forget their gratitude.
Another time, back when I was in college in the US, a group of friends
and I volunteered to drive to a distant church that was way out in the
suburb and had only a few elderly members.The building was in disrepair and
the churchyard needed attention.We stayed the weekend in the home of one of
these old ladies so we could clean and repair the church.I'll never forget
how new life sparkled in her eyes.She couldn't repair broken doors or pull
weeds, but her love for us was unmatched.It breaks my heart to remember
this old lady beaming with joy for such small efforts that we
made.Sometimes, volunteer work is fulfilling not because of the actual job
you get done, but because of how your presence impacts the people around
you.
Volunteering makes me a better person because it gets me outside of
myself.It puts my focus on others.It makes me grateful for what I have.
1.In Paragraph 1, the author aims to .
A.provide an explanation
B.introduce a topic
C.reach a conclusion
D.propose a definition
2.What does Paragraph 2 focus on?
A.They brought food to Syrian families.
B.Ramadan is the most important holiday season in Islam.
C.Volunteering affects people in some way.
D.Volunteering is a way of Eckert's life.
3.Why was the old lady happy?
A.Because finally someone came to comfort them in the church.
B.Because she could clean and repair the church with the volunteers.
C.Because of the volunteers' presence and help.
D.Because the volunteers made efforts to entertain her.北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
4.What message does the story convey?
A.Eckert's volunteer dream.
B.What volunteering means to Eckert.
C.How volunteering has changed Eckert's life.
D.Eckert volunteers for Syrian refugees.
5.What is the author's attitude towards volunteering?
A.Critical.
B.Objective.
C.Indifferent.
D.Positive.
答案
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。主题语境是人与社会,主题语境内容为公益事业与志愿
服务。本文讲述了作者从事志愿服务的一些经历和感悟。
1.B 推理判断题。文章第一段是讲述作者的志愿服务经历,主要目的是引出主题,故选
B。
2.C 主旨大意题。根据第二段第二句Most of the time, you do feel that you're
making a difference.(大多数时候,你确实觉得自己有所作为。)以及后文讲述的作者
为一家叙利亚难民提供食物后看到了那位母亲感激的泪水,可推断出答案为C(志愿活动
在某种程度上影响着人们)。
3.C 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句Sometimes, volunteer work is fulfilling
not because of the actual job you get done, but because of how your
presence impacts the people around you.(有时候,志愿者工作让人感到充实并不是
因为你完成了实际的工作,而是因为你的存在对你周围的人产生了影响。)可知选C。
4.B 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段Volunteering makes me a better person
because...It makes me grateful for what I have.(志愿工作让我成为一个更好的
人,因为……。这让我对我所拥有的一切充满感恩。)可知选B(志愿工作对Eckert来说意
味着什么)。
5.D 推理判断题。根据文章第一段和最后一段可以知道作者对志愿服务持积极正面的
态度,故选D。北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
难句分析 原句:In college, I volunteered heavily at a large yearly
conference for young adults, which is where I fell in love with my husband-
to-be, who was on my team of co-volunteers.
分析:which引导非限制性定语从句,where引导表语从句,who引导的非限制性定语从句
修饰my husband-to-be。
译文:上大学时,我在一个面向年轻人的大型年度会议上做了大量志愿服务,在那里我爱
上了我未来的丈夫,他当时是我所在志愿者团队中的一员。
Passage 21
Yaniza Doré was born and raised in New York City in a bilingual (双语的)
family. Her mother is a native Spanish speaker, and her father's native
language is English. She has loved singing since she was a little girl.
In 2013, when Yaniza was in college, she began posting weekly YouTube
covers(翻唱) of songs and performing live in New York. Initially her covers
were in English, but over time, she began to sing in Spanish as well,
combining her love of music with her bilingual abilities. She says singing
in Spanish has helped her stand out on YouTube and reach wider audiences
than before.
In addition to covers, Yaniza has written and recorded a number of original
songs, primarily in English. But this year, she took her identity as a
bilingual singer to the next level by writing her first original song in
Spanglish,“Contigo”. The song mixes English and Spanish lyrics(歌词) into
each other, creating a unique and distinctive Spanglish song. The
songwriting process involved musical inspiration mixed with thoughtful
language skills. This may sound like an impossible task, but Yaniza says it
came naturally to her.
For original songs, one challenge is making sure the Spanish lyrics don't
unintentionally cause offence to anyone. Yaniza is careful to make sure北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
she's saying things appropriately. Regardless of the challenge, Yaniza
finds being a bilingual singer and a musician in general extremely
rewarding, even though she has to face both the positives and negatives of
online comments.
“I'm always confused when people say mean things. How could they say
that?” Yaniza says. “But I'm also blown away when people say really kind
things. They don't know me at all, but they're leaving such nice
comments.”
1.What happened after Yaniza started to sing in Spanish?
A.Her audiences were growing.
B.She became famous overnight.
C.She was asked to post more covers.
D.Her language abilities were recognized.
2.What do we know about “Contigo”?
A.It is Yaniza's first original song.
B.It proves Yaniza's gift for singing.
C.It is inspired by a bilingual singer.
D.It combines two different languages.
3.What does Yaniza mainly talk about in the last paragraph?
A.Her doubts about being a singer.
B.Her feelings about online comments.
C.Her understanding of bilingual music.
D.Her attitude to songwriting challenges.
答案
语篇解读 本文为记叙文。主题语境为人与自我,主题语境内容为认识自我,丰富自我,
完善自我。文章讲述了出生于双语家庭的纽约姑娘Yaniza Doré爱好唱歌,她利用自己
的双语优势收获很多粉丝的故事。
1.A 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中She says singing in Spanish has helped her
stand out on YouTube and reach wider audiences than before.可知,她的西班牙
歌曲帮助她脱颖而出,观众比以前更多了。故选A。北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
2.D 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中The song mixes English and Spanish
lyrics(歌词) into each other, creating a unique and distinctive Spanglish
song.可知,这首歌融合了英语和西班牙语。故选D。
3.B 主旨要义题。根据最后一段的内容可知,Yaniza主要在谈论人们在网上对她音乐
的评价及自己对各种评价的感受。故选B。
长难句
原句:Regardless of the challenge, Yaniza finds being a bilingual singer and
a musician in general extremely rewarding, even though she has to face both
the positives and negatives of online comments.
分析:此句中包含一个由even though引导的让步状语从句和一个find+sth.+adj.的结
构。
译文:不管挑战如何,Yaniza发现作为一个双语歌手和音乐人通常是非常值得的,尽管她
必须面对网上评论的积极影响和负面影响。
Passage 22
With bold colors, sharp lines and surreal (超现实主义的) scenes, street art
from Brazil brings a different cultural feast to the audience in Shanghai
this winter.
Two famous Brazilian street artists, twin brothers Gustavo Pandolfo and
Otavio Pandolfo,opened their exhibition at the Shanghai Fosun Foundation on
the last day of 2020. Titled “You Are My Guest”, the show will last till
Feb. 26.
“It was difficult to put this show together when the whole world had to
stop because of the pandemic,” Otavio Pandolfo told Xinhua during an
online interview. Due to COVID-19, the two artists could not personally
present their work in Shanghai, nor could they participate in the
exhibition's offline planning and preparations. However, they created a
network with staff members from the Fosun Foundation in Shanghai via e-
mails and video links.北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
After months of online communication and arrangements, they managed to send
over 200 art pieces to Shanghai. “We try to find the best way to share our
works with all the guests that visit the show,” he said.
Popular around the world, they have held and participated in exhibitions in
countries including the United States, Portugal and Finland. “‘You Are My
Guest’ is an invitation for everyone to jump inside our imagination, and
we like to share this with everybody,” he said, adding that the exhibits
were presented in a multi-media way, including large-scale paintings and
sound pieces.
Born and living in Sao Paulo, they infuse(注入) their works with Brazilian
cultural elements, such as local folk stories, hip hop music and
breakdancing, and hope the exhibition would give Chinese audiences a
glimpse of Brazilian culture. “It was a difficult year for everyone in
many different ways,” said Gustavo Pandolfo. “We hope that with this
exhibition we can bring some hope, energy and light, and people can think
of something colorful, fun, happy and with love.”
1.What can we learn about the exhibition?
A.It will last about a month.
B.It was hardly influenced by the pandemic.
C.Visitors can jump inside the large-scale painting.
D.The two artists couldn't get involved in its preparations in person.
2.Why do the artists infuse their works with Brazilian cultural elements?
A.To share their works with Chinese audiences.
B.To bring hope, energy and light to people's life.
C.To help Chinese audiences understand Brazilian culture.
D.To make people think of something colorful and delightful.
3.What is the text?
A.A story of two artists.
B.An exhibition review.
C.An introduction to an exhibition.
D.An advertisement for an exhibition.北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
答案
语篇解读 本文为记叙文。主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为绘画领域的代表性作
品和人物。文章讲述了巴西的双胞胎艺术家在上海举办名为“你是我的客人”的艺术展,
让中国观众通过参展了解巴西文化的故事。
1.D 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中Due to COVID-19, the two artists could not
personally present their work in Shanghai, nor could they participate in
the exhibition's offline planning and preparations.可知,这两位艺术家没能亲
自参加准备工作。故选D。
2.C 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的and hope the exhibition would give
Chinese audiences a glimpse of Brazilian culture可知,他们在作品中注入巴西文
化元素是想让中国观众了解巴西文化。故选C。
3.C 主旨要义题。根据整篇文章可知,文章主要讲两位巴西艺术家在上海的展览。故选
C。
Passage 23
Even though it is just a few years old, the comic strip (连环漫画), Cul
de Sac, has already won many fans through its characters. So when
cartoonist, Richard Thompson, announced that he had been diagnosed with
Parkinson's disease (帕金森病), his fans sat up and took notice.
One of the fans was Chris Sparks, a designer and web developer in North
Carolina. Sparks was building a website for Thompson when the cartoonist
announced his disease. He started reading more about Parkinson's disease
through books and websites. There he found that people could form public
fund-raising teams to raise money for Parkinson's disease research. He
quickly decided to form his own team: Team Cul de Sac.
However, Sparks decided to take a different path. He has contacted dozens
of cartoonists around the world, who will contribute artworks inspired by
the Cul de Sac strip. Thompson's publisher, Andrews Mcmeel, has agreed to
release them in a book next year. Some of the profits from the book will go
to the research. And after the book is released, the artworks will be
auctioned (拍卖) off. All profits will go to the research team. The aim is北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
to raise $450,000 for the foundation. “We've already had around 80 people
who say they are interested in contributing,” says Sparks.
Although many people with Parkinson's disease are secret about their
condition, Thompson is not one of them. He's happy to put his support
behind the project. “I think we can make a difference,” says Sparks, who
points out that his love of comics inspired him. “I've been reading comics
since I was 5 years old, and most of the cartoonists I've met have been
wonderful human beings,” he says. “They've made a difference in my life,
and I hope to make a difference as well.”
1.What is the passage mainly about?
A.The influence of cartoonist Richard Thompson.
B.Great achievements made in the comic strip field.
C.Progress made in the study of Parkinson's disease.
D.Chris Sparks' contributions to Parkinson's disease research.
2.Chris Sparks took a different path to raise fund by .
A.building a website for Thompson
B.releasing a new book by Thompson
C.forming a research team for Parkinson's disease
D.auctioning off artworks inspired by Thompson's strip
3.What can be learned from the passage?
A.Thompson kept his disease secret from his fans.
B.Sparks became Thompson's fan when he was 5.
C.Sparks' love of comics contributed to his action.
D.Cartoonists raised $450,000 for Team Cul de Sac.
答案
语篇解读 本文为记叙文。主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为社会热点问题。文章讲
述了漫画家Thompson得了帕金森病,他的粉丝Sparks为了帕金森病的研究而通过独特
的方式集资的故事。
1.D 主旨要义题。根据全文结构可知,第一段讲漫画家Thompson得了帕金森病,他的粉
丝们开始关注。第二段讲他的一个名为Sparks的粉丝通过成立集资队、建网站等支持帕北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
金森病的研究。第三段讲Sparks的独特集资方式。第四段讲Sparks为偶像集资的原因。
文章主要讲了Sparks为帕金森病的研究而集资的故事。故选D。
2.D 细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知,他联系了许多漫画家捐赠作品,他们的作品受
到Thompson的连环漫画的启发。Thompson的出版商会将这些作品集结成书出版。这本
书出版后将进行拍卖。故选D。
3.C 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“I think we can make a difference,”
says Sparks, who points out that his love of comics inspired him.可知,是
Sparks对于漫画的热爱激励着他为别人做点贡献。故选C。
Passage 24
Unicycles are one-wheeled vehicles that developed from the original
bicycle, the Penny Farthing, which consisted of a large front wheel and a
much smaller back wheel. When this bike hit bumps(凸块)or suddenly slowed
down, the back wheel came off the ground, so many riders learned to balance
on just the front wheel. Thus, bicycle makers began making vehicles with
just one wheel.
Some of the benefits of riding a unicycle include burning calories, and
increasing your levels of coordination (协调), concentration and balance.
Because unicycles don't have any handlebars, riders must balance using only
their abdominal (腹部的)muscles and leg muscles. This helps you build a
healthier core. Long cycling sessions also increase your heart rate, which
can lead to a healthier cardiovascular (心血管的)system. Riding a unicycle
is an effective way to get in a low-impact workout for those with damaged
knees and legs.
Unicycling is a fun activity regardless of your ability level. Riding a
unicycle is self-motivating and psychologically stimulating because you
will notice improvements each time you ride. Some people find that it gives
them feelings of control when they can achieve balancing and riding on just
one wheel.
Some riders use their unicycles as their primary mode of transportation for
work or school. Because unicycles don't require any type of fuel, you can北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
save money at the pump. Unicycles also have only a few moving parts that
might break. This means that you typically don't have to spend much money
on repairs. You also won't need to spend money on storing or transporting
your unicycle.
Unicycling is a somewhat uncommon activity. Because of this, a sense of
unity tends to grow among unicycle riders. Many riders travel significant
distances just to go on rides and spend time with other unicyclists.
Unicycling is often a family activity, and riding together can bring family
members closer.
1.Why was the one-wheeled vehicle created?
A.Because it was more beneficial to one's health.
B.Because it was more likely to avoid road bumps.
C.Because the front wheel only could also be used for balancing.
D.Because a bicycle's back wheel wasn't fixed well.
2.What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A.Having a handlebar.
B.Stopping a unicycle.
C.Increasing strength.
D.Balancing a unicycle.
3.What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A.Typical features of cycling.
B.Basic modes of transportation.
C.Economic benefits of unicycling.
D.Ways to store and transport unicycles.
4.The text is mainly written to .
A.introduce benefits of unicycling
B.show how unicycles are spread
C.display varieties of unicycles
D.advocate teenagers cycling
答案北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
语篇解读 本文为说明文。主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为科学与进步。本文介绍
了独轮车的发明及其益处。
1.C 细节理解题。本题题干意为:为什么发明独轮车? 根据第1段中的“Thus,
bicycle makers began making vehicles with just one wheel.”(因此,自行车制造
厂家开始制造独轮车)可知本句前面的句子“When this bike hit bumps..., s o man y
rider s learne d t o balanc e o n jus t th e fron t whee l”(……所以许多骑手学会了
只靠前轮保持平衡)为解本题的关键句,故答案为C项(因为只有前轮也可被用来保持平
衡)。
2.D 猜测词义题。本题题干意为:第2段中画线词“This”指的是什么?根据前一句
(因为独轮车没有车把,所以骑手必须只用腹部肌肉和腿部肌肉来保持平衡。) 可知答案
为D项(平衡独轮车)。
3.C 主旨要义题。本题题干意为:第4段的中心意思是什么?第4段主要讲的是独轮车
在使用、维修方面经济实惠,不需要花许多钱,故答案为C项(骑独轮车的经济利益)。
4.A 主旨要义题。本题题干意为:本文的主要写作目的是 。本文主要介绍了骑独
轮车在健康、社交及经济等方面的益处,故选 A(介绍骑独轮车的益处)。
Passage 25
From the moon to Mars, scientists have been hunting for alien life in
the solar system for decades. However, Venus was not regarded as an ideal
place because of its hot temperature and dry atmosphere. But a recent
discovery of traces of a gas in the clouds of Venus has excited
astronomers, as it may serve as a potential sign of life.
On Sept. 14, the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada announced that
scientists have detected phosphine (磷化氢) in the clouds of Venus.
Phosphine is a colorless, toxic gas that has a smell of garlic. Though it
contains poison, it is viewed as a possible sign of life because on Earth北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
the gas is made by micro-organisms(微生物) that live in oxygen-free
environments.
“I was very surprised—stunned, in fact,” astronomer Jane Greaves of
Cardiff University in Wales and lead author of the research told
MSN.“There is a chance that we have detected some kind of living organism
in the clouds of Venus.”
This layer of clouds is about 48 kilometers above the Venus surface with
its temperature ranging from 30 to 200 degrees Fahrenheit (about -1 to
93°C). Scientists have assumed that if life exists on Venus, this cloud
deck(云盖) is likely the only place where it would survive.
Scientists went through every possibility that could have led to the
formation of phosphine gas in Venus clouds, including volcanoes, lightning
strikes, and small meteorites(陨石) falling into the atmosphere. But they
ruled all of them out. It was concluded that there is no explanation for
the existence of this gas in Venus clouds, other than the presence of life,
USA Today reported. Although the detection of phosphine is not strong
evidence for life, this finding is great enough to change scientists' view
on Venus, which is thought to be a completely inhospitable(不适合居住的)
planet.
1.What does the underlined word “toxic” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A.Waste.
B.Poisonous.
C.Useful.
D.Clean.
2.What can we learn from the text?
A.The cloud deck is rich in phosphine.
B.The higher the cloud is above Venus, the warmer it is.
C.Various living organisms have been detected on Venus.
D.If life exists on Venus, it is likely in the cloud deck.
3.What did scientists conclude about the phosphine gas detected on Venus?
A.It could be formed as a result of the falling of meteorites.北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
B.It could be a sign that there is life in Venus clouds.
C.It could be caused by volcanoes and lightning strikes.
D.It proves that Venus is another hospitable planet.
4.What is the text mainly about?
A.A newly detected gas may indicate possible existence of life on Venus.
B.Scientists found the most hospitable place on Venus.
C.Phosphine that has been formed on Venus means alien life is present.
D.The environment on Venus changed in favor of life.
答案
语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。主题语境为人与自然,主题语境内容为宇宙探索。科学
家们在金星的云层中检测到了磷化氢,这表明金星上可能存在生命。
1.B 猜测词义题。本题题干意为:第二段中画线词“toxic”是什么意思?根据第二段
中的“Though i t contain s poiso n, it is viewed as a possible sign of life
because on Earth the gas is made by micro-organisms that live in oxygen-
free environments.”(尽管它含有有毒物质,但它被视为可能存在生命的迹象,因为在
地球上,这种气体是由生活在无氧环境中的微生物产生的。)可知画线词toxic意为“有
毒的”,故答案为B项。
2.D 细节理解题。本题题干意为:从本文中我们可以了解什么?根据第四段中的
“Scientists have assumed that i f lif e exist s o n Venus , thi s clou d dec k i s
likel y th e onl y plac e wher e i t woul d surviv e.”(科学家们认为,如果金星上存在
生命,那么这个云盖可能是生命存活的唯一地方。)可知本题答案为D项。
3.B 推理判断题。本题题干意为:关于在金星上探测到的磷化氢气体,科学家得出了什
么结论?根据第四段中的“Scientists have assumed that if life exists on
Venus, this cloud deck is likely the only place where it would
survive.”(科学家们认为,如果金星上存在生命,那么这个云盖可能是生命存活的唯一
地方。)及最后一段中的“ It was concluded that there is no explanation for
the existence of this gas in Venus clouds, other than the presence of life,
USA Today reported.”(据《今日美国》报道,得出的结论是,除了生命的存在,无法解释
金星云层中这种气体的存在。)可知:关于在金星上探测到的磷化氢气体,科学家认为这
可能是金星云层中存在生命的迹象。故答案为B项。北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
4.A 主旨要义题。本题题干意为:本文主要是关于什么内容的?根据第一段中的“But
a recent discovery of traces of a gas in the clouds of Venus has excited
astronomers, as it may serve as a potential sign of life.”(但最近在金星云
层中发现的一种气体令天文学家们兴奋不已,因为它可能是生命的潜在迹象。)以及第二
段中的“On Sept. 14, the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada announced
that scientists have detected phosphine in the clouds of Venus.”(9月14日,
加拿大皇家天文学会宣布,科学家们在金星的云层中检测到了磷化氢。)可知:本文主要
讲述了一种新探测到的气体(磷化氢)表明金星上可能存在生命。故答案为A项。
Passage 26
It takes just four minutes for brain cells to be permanently damaged
due to a severe lack of oxygen in cases of sudden cardiac arrest(心脏停搏).
If medical workers do not arrive at the scene of such emergencies within 10
minutes, the chances of a victim surviving are minimal.
In September, a 45-year-old man fell unconscious at Huoying Station on Line
13 of the Beijing Subway. He died later in the hospital, despite attempts
by two passengers to revive him by using cardiopulmonary resuscitation, or
CPR. However, if an automated external defibrillator, or AED, had been
available at the scene, the man's chances of survival would have been
greatly improved.
An AED can recognize an abnormal heart rhythm and quickly correct it
through an electric shock. The devices are viewed in medical circles as a
more efficient and effective method of saving lives in emergencies than
using CPR. After a brief training period, people with no medical knowledge
can master the basic skills needed to use an AED.
In May last year, a student at Tsinghua University in Beijing fainted in a
dormitory after experiencing head sweats. Several students began to perform
CPR and also used a newly installed AED to help the stricken freshman.
After two electric shocks were administered, the student's heart beat was
restored and he was sent to the hospital for further treatment. An
emergency doctor from the hospital who attended the scene said it was北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
highly likely the student would have died, had not a series of the correct
first-aid measures been applied, along with the AED.
Pei Zheng, a staff member from Tsinghua University's Policy Research
Office, said it was “really cool” that AEDs were available at the
institution. “It's so good that we have these life-saving machines on
campus, otherwise we would have heard tragic news,” she said. The devices
have been installed around the campus in stages.
1.What can we infer about the AED?
A.It is quite easy to learn to use it.
B.It is available nationwide.
C.It has saved many lives.
D.It is invented by medical workers.
2.A 45-year-old man and a student are mentioned in the text to .
A.make comparisons in age
B.stress the function of CPR
C.show the efficiency of the AED
D.raise the awareness of heart attacks
3.Why have AEDs been installed around the campus of Tsinghua University?
A.To safeguard students' health.
B.To make the campus more beautiful.
C.To apply knowledge to practice.
D.To make it convenient to learn to use AEDs.
4.What is the main idea of the text?
A.Heart attacks can be prevented.
B.First aid should be learned widely.
C.Universities are equipped with new devices.
D.Life-saving devices come to the rescue.
答案
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为科技发展。本文介绍
了新的急救装置——自动体外除颤器 (AED),它能在心脏停搏时起到救命的作用。北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
1.A 推理判断题。本题题干意为: 对于自动体外除颤器,我们可以推断出什么?根据文
章第三段中的“After a brief training period, people with no medical
knowledge can master the basic skills needed to use an AED.”(没有医学知识
的人只要通过简单的培训就会掌握使用自动体外除颤器的基本技能)可推断出很容易学
会使用AED,故答案为A项。
2.C 推理判断题。本题题干意为:文中提及一名45岁的男性和一名学生是为了 。
根据文章第二段中的“However, if an automated external defibrillator, or
AED, had been available at the scene,the man's chances of survival would
have been greatly improved.”(然而,如果现场有一个自动体外除颤器,这个人的生
存机会就会大大提高。)和第四段中的“it was highly likely the student would
have died, had not a series of the correct first-aid measures been applied,
along with the AED”(如果没有采取一系列正确的急救措施和使用自动体外除颤器,
这名学生很可能已经死亡)可知在急救过程中有没有自动体外除颤器,急救的结果是截
然不同的,由此可推知文中提及一名45岁的男性和一名学生的目的是表明自动体外除
颤器的功效,故答案为C项。
3.A 推理判断题。本题题干意为:为什么在清华大学校园安装自动体外除颤器?根据文
章最后一段中的“It's so good that we have these life-saving machines on
campus, otherwise we would have heard tragic news”可推断出清华大学校园里安
装自动体外除颤器是为了保障学生们的健康。故选A项。
4.D 主旨要义题。 本题题干意为: 本文的主旨是什么?通读整篇文章可知文章通过两
个例子来讲述自动体外除颤器的功能和在紧急情况下能救命的作用,故选D项。
Passage 27
Cala didn't like us. Any of us. We didn't do anything to offend her and
she didn't know us but that didn't matter;she still didn't like us.
As new teachers in the Emirati school, we Westerners greeted her every day.
She ignored us. She came into our rooms and bypassed us as she shook hands
with all the non-Westerners. Whenever we saw her, she avoided eye contact
with us. Eventually, we stopped trying to befriend her.北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
I wouldn't say her nationality but her friends had been fired from the
school. We had been employed in their places and that was enough for her to
have nothing to do with us.
After 16 months in the school we had a secret friend gift-giving. To my
surprise, I drew her name from the glass jar and that meant she was my
secret friend. My role was to buy her a gift and say something about her
when we publicly acknowledged who our secret friend was.
I decided to give her a coloured bangle(手镯). I added a postcard and wrote
“Love and Blessings, Rose Marie.”
Then came the day. We all gathered in the meeting room. When you gave your
gift, you said a few kind words about your secret friend and passed the
gift to her. What could I say? Everyone knew she didn't like the
Westerners. She taught music in the school so I said “My secret friend is
someone who brings music to our ears every day.” She came forward with a
huge warm smile. She hugged me and kissed me on both cheeks and accepted my
gift.
Since then, she smiles often. We hug and shake hands when we meet. I have
seen her wear my gift several times and I am so pleased.
1.Why didn't Cala like the Western teachers?
A.They replaced her friends' positions.
B.They were newcomers.
C.They stopped befriending her.
D.They had once offended her.
2.How did the writer change Cala's attitude?
A.With the help of her friends.
B.Through her love and blessings.
C.By showing her talent for music.
D.Through her sincerity and wisdom.
3.Which of the following can best describe the ending of the story?
A.Exciting. B.Beautiful.
C.Complex. D.Shocking.北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
4.What does the writer intend to tell us?
A.Do nothing by halves.
B.Nothing is impossible for a willing heart.
C.A good act will be well rewarded.
D.Without confidence there is no friendship.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为记叙文,主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为社会交往。文章讲述
了作者用真诚和智慧成功地扭转了 Cala 对作者的印象,从而收获了友谊的美好故事。
1.A 细节理解题。由第三段I wouldn't say her nationality but her friends had
been fired from the school. We had been employed in their places and that
was enough for her to have nothing to do with us.可知,Cala 的朋友被学校解雇
了,我们顶替了她朋友的位置,因此Cala 不想与我们有瓜葛。所以 Cala 不喜欢西方老
师的原因是我们顶替了她朋友的职位。故选A项。
2.D 推理判断题。由文章第五段I decided to give her a coloured bangle(手镯).
I added a postcard and wrote “Love and Blessings, Rose Marie.”以及第六段
中的She taught music in the school so I said “My secret friend is someone
who brings music to our ears every day.” She came forward with a huge warm
smile. She hugged me and kissed me on both cheeks and accepted my gift.可知,
我通过“给秘密朋友送礼物”的活动与 Cala 拉近距离,为她精心挑选礼物并在送礼物
的时候机智地给予她赞美,进而收获了友谊。由此可知,作者通过自己的真诚和智慧改变
了Cala的态度。故选D项。
3.B 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段和最后一段的描述以及 smiles 和 pleased 等关键
词可以判断整个故事的结局是很美好的。故选B项。
4.C 主旨要义题。文章讲述了我用真诚和智慧成功地扭转了 Cala 对我的印象,从而收
获友谊的美好故事。故选C项。
高级语块 1.avoid eye contact with 避免和……的眼神接触
2.have nothing to do with 与……无关北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
长难句 My role was to buy her a gift and say something about her when we
publicly acknowledged who our secret friend was. 我的角色是给她买一份礼物,
并当我们公开承认我们的秘密朋友是谁时,说些关于她的话。
本句为主从复合句,句中when引导时间状语从句,在时间状语从句中who引导动词
acknowledged的宾语从句,在从句中作was的表语。
Passage 28
Does it matter if a language dies out?The traditional answer is yes,
because every language is a repository (智囊) of ideas and culture and
represents a unique way of looking at the world. The planet only has about
7,000 languages; the extinction of even one decreases the sum total of
human knowledge.
But in some cases, extinction can be seen in a more positive light. Take
Al-Sayyid Bedouin Sign Language (ABSL) for example, restricted to about
1,000 users in a small Israeli village with a high level of born deafness,
the language seems to be bound to die by the spread of Israeli Sign
Language.
The natural reaction to the loss of ABSL is regret. It is a fascinating
language that has kept linguists busy since it came to their attention
around 15 years ago. But for the deaf villagers, Israeli Sign Language is
an upgrade:it allows them to speak to tens of thousands of people rather
than a few hundred, and enables them to work and marry outside the village.
It is hard to see that as anything other than progress. Similarly, other
endangered languages die out because people abandon them in favor of ones
that serve their needs better.
Technology also softens the blow, as endangered languages can now be
captured in detail—which also means they could eventually be brought back
from the dead, much as the Hebrew language was in the 19th century. It is
now the first language of 9 million people.
Linguists naturally condemn the loss of language much as conservationists
(环保主义者) once mourned the loss of every single species. But they are北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
moving towards acceptance that not all species can be saved, that invasive
species are not always bad and that human-engineered ecosystems are not
necessarily inferior to natural ones. Perhaps our attitudes to language
extinction are due for a similar change.
1.What can we infer about ABSL?
A.Another language replaced it.
B.It is an endangered language.
C.Deaf villagers prefer to use it.
D.It has been studied for over 15 years.
2.What does the underlined word“upgrade” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A.Recovery.
B.Opportunity.
C.Improvement.
D.Update.
3.How does technology affect languages?
A.Technology can remove people's regret.
B.Languages may be rescued from extinction.
C.Technology increases the number of endangered languages.
D.Endangered languages might be abandoned because of technology.
4.What's the main idea of the text?
A.More and more languages are dying out.
B.Technology creates some new languages.
C.People feel ashamed of language extinction.
D.Language extinction is not necessarily a bad thing.
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文,主题语境是人与社会。文章介绍了在语言濒临灭绝的时候,
人们的本能反应是感到惋惜,毕竟每一门语言都是文化和思想的体现,是观察世界的一
种独特方式,每消失一种语言就会使人类知识的总量减少一点儿。然而,在有些情况下,
我们可以以积极的态度看待语言的消亡。
1.B 推理判断题。根据第二段可知,大约有1,000人使用ABSL,并且由于以色列手语的
传播,它似乎注定会灭亡,所以ABSL是濒危语言,故选B项。北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
2.C 猜测词义题。根据画线词后的内容可知,以色列手语让耳聋的村民们可以与更多的
人交流,并且能够让他们在村子外面找到工作以及与外面的人联姻,即以色列手语比
ABSL更能满足人们的需求;再结合后文提到的anything other than progress可推出
画线词意为“改善”。故选C 项。
3.B 推理判断题。根据第四段可知,技术可以帮助复活濒危语言。故选 B 项。
4.D 主旨要义题。本文主要讲述了人们可以从积极的一面去看待濒危语言的灭绝。一方
面,濒危语言被能更好地服务人们的语言代替,这是一种进步;另一方面,科技也可以让
某些濒危语言复活。因此,人们对待濒危语言灭绝的态度应该改变,因为它未必是件坏事。
故选D项。
高级语块 1.represent v.代表;相当于;意味着
2.extinction n.灭绝,绝种,消亡
3.decrease v.(使大小、数量等)减少,减小,降低
4.endanger v.使遭危险;危及;危害
长难句 Technology also softens the blow,as endangered languages can now be
captured in detail—which also means they could eventually be brought back
from the dead, much as the Hebrew language was in the 19th century. 技术也
减轻了打击,因为濒危语言现在可以被详细捕捉——这也意味着它们最终可能复活,就
像19世纪的希伯来语一样。
本句为主从复合句。句中第一个as引导原因状语从句;which引导定语从句;第二个as
引导方式状语从句。
题组二 最佳标题
Passage 1 话题:研究乌鸦大脑 难度:易 词数:323
We've long known that crows exhibit extraordinary intelligence. These
birds have inspired legends for centuries. But the more scientists know
about their brain structure and behaviors, the more crows seem to resemble
humans.
John Marzluff, a professor from the University of Washington, has been
studying crows for decades. He's explored the exceptional size and function
of crow brains, their long life and lifestyle. “A big brain, a long life北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
and sociality, those are really linked features,” Marzluff says. “You put
those together, and it should sound pretty familiar.”
To top that off, just last fall other researchers determined that crows
seem to exhibit a level of consciousness shown only in humans and very few
of our mammal relatives. The breakthrough study published in Science showed
that crows have an ability to draw on subjective experience from the past
in order to solve a task. This means the birds keep new information, or
memories, in the front of their brains for extended periods, and use it in
reasoning and dealing with new situations they meet.
That is, for people and crows alike, the forebrain deals with higher tasks,
including reasoned decision-making, problem-solving and executive function.
Taken together, these findings help explain the problem-solving and tool
use in crows. The New Caledonian Crow, for example, has recently gained
welcome for not only tool use, but its ability to make compound tools out
of various materials. These birds have been known to make hooks and sharp
spears that they use to catch insects in hard-to-reach places. In research
labs, they've successfully bent wire to grab baskets with food inside.
“They understand the concept of hooking and pulling and spearing and what
tools are needed to do that,” Marzluff says. These reasoning skills appear
to be significantly more advanced than primitive tool use, such as using
rocks to break shells and other food that researchers have observed in some
other animals.
1.What does Marzluff mean by saying “it should sound pretty familiar”?
A.He knows how to study crows.
B.He is very familiar with crows.
C.The way crows live is related to humans.
D.Crows have features similar to those of humans.
2.What can we infer about crows according to the passage?
A.They can draw pictures.
B.They like to eat insects.北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
C.They use tools creatively.
D.They existed for centuries.
3.What makes Marzluff think crows are more advanced than other animals?
A.Crows' special size.
B.Crows' better reasoning skills.
C.Crows' longer life.
D.Crows' way of raising babies.
4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A.Crows, Like No Other
B.Legends of Crows
C.Crows, More Humanlike
D.Evolution of Crows
答案
[语篇解读] 文章主要说明了科学家对乌鸦的大脑结构和行为了解得越多,越发现乌鸦
和人类很相似。文章详细介绍了研究开展的过程以及发现。
1.D 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But the more scientists...resemble
humans.”以及第二段中的“A big brain...pretty familiar.”可推知,乌鸦有与人
类相似的特征。故选D。
2.C 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The New Caledonian Crow...baskets with food
inside.”可推知,乌鸦创造性地使用工具。故选C。
3.B 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“These reasoning skills...some other
animals.”可知,乌鸦更好的推理能力让Marzluff认为乌鸦比其他动物更高级。故选
B。
4.C 主旨要义题。根据第一段最后一句及下文的内容可知,本文主要说明了科学家对乌
鸦的大脑结构和行为了解得越多,越发现乌鸦和人类很相似。文章详细介绍了研究开展
的过程以及发现。所以“乌鸦更像人类”是最符合文章内容的标题。
Passage 2 话题:明信片的意义 难度:易 词数:319
As a teenager, when my family took a vacation, I wrote postcards to
show my friends the new places I had explored. I considered postcards as
simply a way to share travels until I came across my grandmother's postcard
album.北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
It was a dark gray leather album, where most of the postcards had pictures
that did not reflect a holiday or a travel destination. Instead, the notes
were mostly invitations to a dinner party or a walk the next day.
“Why do these postcards ask you to come to tea?” I asked my grandmother.
“Because this is how we communicated before we had a telephone,” she
said. “I would pop a postcard in the morning mail, and a friend would
receive it that afternoon. Then she'd post a reply that arrived in my mail
the next morning.”
I was surprised. Life without a phone sounded like something out of Little
House on the Prairie. Connecting by postcard seemed as unexpected as using
a carrier pigeon.
I had forgotten about my grandmother's postcards until lockdowns restricted
our trips to seeing our three granddaughters. Remembering my grandmother's
album, I bought several sets of cards and every few weeks, I'd write notes
and mail them. The girls occasionally responded with brief thank-you texts.
Then one day I opened my mailbox and spied three hand-addressed envelopes.
They were from my granddaughters, each thanking me for the postcards. The
notes captured their disappointment with the pandemic and described how my
messages had comforted them.
I had been thinking how my grandmother had accepted the telephone as a new
way to keep relationships. Like her, I accepted the girls' preferred mode
of communication and texted my thanks for their letters. Yet, even as the
lockdowns end, I will continue to send them postcards because everyone
enjoys receiving a real letter in the mail.
1.Why did the author's grandmother write postcards?
A.To share travel experiences.
B.To connect with people.
C.To pass the time.
D.To show love and care.
2.What did the author think of life without a phone?
A.It was strange and hard to imagine.北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
B.It was peaceful.
C.It was like life on the prairie.
D.It was attractive.
3.How does the author feel when receiving letters?
A.Puzzled.
B.Regretful.
C.Delighted.
D.Crazy.
4.Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A.Attraction of Postcards
B.New Ways of Communication
C.Love during Lockdowns
D.An Old Postcard Album
答案
[语篇解读] 作者讲述了在不同的时期和社会背景下,明信片对于她和祖母的不同的意
义。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第二段和第四段内容可知,祖母写明信片主要是联系朋友,传递
信息。故选B。
2.A 细节理解题。根据第五段内容可知,作者认为没有手机的生活是难以想象的。故选
A。
3.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Like her, ... their letters.”可知,作者收
到孩子们的来信是很开心的。故选C。
4.A 主旨要义题。这篇文章围绕postcard展开,从作者寄明信片和朋友分享旅行经历,
到无意中发现祖母的明信片册,得知在祖母那个时代人们寄明信片具有不同的意义,再
到疫情期间,作者给三个孙女寄明信片,作者和孩子们都获得了不一样的心灵感受。故
“明信片的吸引力”是最符合文章的标题。故选A。
Passage 3
Making predictions gets in the way of the brain's ability to remember
the present moment, new research suggests. The hippocampus, a brain
structure usually associated with remembering events, also uses experience
to make forecasts(neuroscientists call this “statistical learning”). But北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
scientists writing in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
of the United States of America have now demonstrated that the latter
function can influence the former.
Researchers showed participants a series of photographs on a screen without
telling them that some image categories always followed others: Mountains
always came immediately after beaches, for example. They were intended to
subconsciously learn these associations and begin to expect these pairings.
Later, the participants were shown the same photos again, mixed in with new
examples, and were asked if they had spotted any of them before. They
accurately recalled seeing random images at a much better rate than the
predictive ones(like the beach pictures).
The scientists repeated this process while scanning the participants'
brains with fMRI(功能性磁共振成像). Each image category caused a distinct
neural(神经的) activity pattern, and the patterns for predictable
categories were seen in the hippocampus when the corresponding predictive
category was displayed. Moreover, this effect's strength in fMRI
corresponded inversely with the participants' memory task scores. “The
more evidence for prediction we saw, the worse their memory was for those
predictive items, such as a particular beach scene,” says study lead
author and Yale University cognitive(认知的) neuroscientist Brynn Sherman.
This suggests that predictive images caused the hippocampus to shift toward
prediction and away from encoding(把……编码) a new memory.
The study is among the first to demonstrate how making predictions affects
human memory. Scientists previously suspected that the hippocampus played a
role in statistical learning but did not know how it interacts with memory
formation. “This paper is a really nice demonstration of the balance where
the hippocampus is doing both these things,” says University of Virginia
cognitive neuroscientist Nicole Long.
The team says this compromise occurs because remembering and predicting
both use some of the same biological pathways. In the paper, the authors北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
compare it with using one's right foot to operate both the brake(刹车) and
the gas pedal(油门) in a car, but not both at the same time. “This system
could prevent memory redundancies(冗余) and thus conserve brainpower,”
Sherman says.
“We still need further research,” Long says. “For instance, how much
repetition is needed before the hippocampus shifts from recording to
predicting and whether it is possible to train the structure to improve
both modes at the same time.”
1.We can learn from the passage that .
A.predictive images stimulated memory formation
B.the hippocampus has nothing to do with predicting
C.researchers revealed how to balance predicting and remembering
D.the participants remembered random images more quickly and accurately
2.What does the underlined word “inversely” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A.In an opposite way.
B.Exactly.
C.In the same direction.
D.Closely.
3.Why does the author mention the brake and the gas pedal?
A.To present an accurate picture of how to drive a car.
B.To illustrate that predicting interacts with remembering.
C.To stress the difficulties of operating them at the same time.
D.To show the importance of using the same biological pathways.
4.Which would be the best title for this passage?
A.The Role of the Hippocampus within Memory
B.Predicting a Situation Benefits Memory Formation
C.Forecast or Remember: The Brain Must Choose One
D.Forecast and Remember: The Brain Can Do Both at the Same Time
答案
[语篇解读] 文章简要介绍了发生在大脑海马体中的预测和记忆两种大脑活动模式,指
出了两种活动模式之间会相互影响,并对这个影响进行了研究和说明。北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
1.D 细节理解题。根据第二段的实验描述以及第二段最后一句“They accurately
recalled seeing random images at a much better rate than the predictive
ones(like the beach pictures).”可知,D项(参与者更快更准确地记住随机图像)表
述正确。
2.A 推测词义题。该研究的主要作者、耶鲁大学认知神经科学家Brynn Sherman说的话
“The more evidence for prediction we saw, the worse their memory was for
those predictive items, such as a particular beach scene(我们看到的预测证据
越多,他们对那些预测性项目的记忆就越差,例如一个特定的沙滩场景)”是对画线词所
在句(这项研究的结论)进行解释说明。由此可知,画线词含义与A项(以相反的方式。)表
达意思一致。
3.B 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段前两句“The team says this compromise occurs
because remembering and predicting both use some of the same biological
pathways. In the paper, the authors compare it with using one's right foot
to operate both the brake(刹车) and the gas pedal(油门) in a car, but not
both at the same time.”可推知,作者提到刹车和油门是为了证明预测与记忆的关系
正如刹车和油门的关系,不能同时触发。因此,B项(说明预测与记忆相互影响。)符合题
意。
4.C 主旨大意题。由全文内容以及对预测与记忆之间的关系所做的研究和研究结果可
知,大脑中的海马体对于预测和记忆这两种大脑活动模式作用原理类似,两种模式会相
互影响,启动预测模式时会抑制记忆模式,启动记忆模式会影响预测模式。因此,C项(预
测或记住:大脑必须选择一个)符合文章大意。
Passage 4
When you are choosing a major in the future, will you place a higher value
on its future career prospects or on its interest to you? Zhong Fangrong, a
left-behind girl from Hunan province who scored 676 points in total on this
year's college entrance exam, preferred the latter as she applied to study
archaeology at Peking University.
However, there was a heated debate concerning whether she had made a wise
decision. Some netizens argued that she wouldn't have a promising future
unless she chose a more popular major—for instance, finance, engineering,北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
business, etc.—instead of archaeology. What's more, considering the
financial burden on her family, she had better think twice before making
her final decision.
The girl later responded that she had been inspired to pursue archeology by
Fan Jinshi, former president of Dunhuang Academy, and that she had
developed a passion for history and cultural relics. She also added that
she cared little about fame and fortune.
Zhong has increased my confidence because of her attitude towards life.
Firstly, she knows clearly what she is really interested in and is
determined to devote herself to it. Secondly, Zhong has been able to stick
to her pursuit despite the criticism from society.
Zhong's pursuit reminds me of a lady who walks on the country road and
lives in poetry—Li Ziqi. They both try their best to be who they want to
be, which is rare and admirable nowadays.
Just ask yourself: Do you have the courage not to follow the pattern that
the majority of people repeat? Actually, applying for an unpopular major
may help you to avoid fierce competition. And the pursuit of a popular
major is no guarantee for a brilliant future.
Following the example of Zhong, I will be more willing to follow my dreams
in the years to come.
1.What made Zhong decide to major in archaeology?
A.Her courage to take an adventure.
B.Her optimistic attitude towards life.
C.Her stubborn belief in popular majors.
D.Her love for history and cultural relics.
2.Some netizens opposed Zhong's choice because they thought .
A.she preferred finance to archaeology
B.she wouldn't have a promising future
C.she placed a high value on her future career
D.she cared much about fame and fortune
3.What inspires the author to follow his or her dream in the future?北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
A.Li Ziqi's living in poetry.
B.Netizens' heated argument.
C.Fan Jinshi's encouragement.
D.Zhong's sticking to her pursuit.
4.Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A.You Can Be Who You Want to Be
B.Archaeology Is Becoming Popular
C.A Left-Behind Girl Scored 676 Points
D.A Heated Debate Arose Among Netizens
答案
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为未来规划。文章主
要介绍了女孩钟芳蓉高考成绩为676分,她申请了北京大学考古专业,这一决定引起了
人们的激烈争论。而她本人表示是出于对历史和文物的热爱,决定主修考古学。钟芳蓉的
决定也鼓励了作者在未来追寻自己的梦想。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第三段的“she had been inspired to pursue archeology
by Fan Jinshi, former president of Dunhuang Academy, and that she had
developed a passion for history and cultural relics”可知,是钟芳蓉对历史和
文物的热爱,让她决定主修考古学。故选D项。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Some netizens argued that she wouldn't have
a promising future unless she chose a more popular major”可知,一些网民反对
钟芳蓉的选择,因为他们认为她的选择没有前途。故选B项。
3.D 细节理解题。根据第四段的“Zhong has increased my confidence because of
her attitude towards life.”以及最后一段“Following the example of Zhong, I
will be more willing to follow my dreams in the years to come.”可知,钟芳蓉
对爱好的坚持激励着作者在未来追寻自己的梦想。故选D项。
4.A 主旨要义题。文章主要说明了女孩钟芳蓉高考成绩为676分,她申请了北京大学
考古专业。钟芳蓉的决定鼓励了作者在未来追寻自己的梦想。因此,A选项“你可以成为
你想成为的人”最适合作为文章标题。
Passage 5
词数 377北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
Which animal pulls at your heartstrings—a panda or a toad (蟾蜍)?
Zoologist Lucy Cooke draws attention to some of the world's least
attractive animals. She hopes to show the world why some of the most
unlovable animals are actually the most interesting and deserving of our
attention and protection.
Cooke's blogs and online videos bring her unusual storytelling style to a
serious message:If we only care about the best loved animals, other
important parts of the web of life could be ignored. There are so many
television shows about lovely animals like koala bears and kittens, she
observes. All the attention seems focused on “celebrity” animals. “Those
unusual creatures attract me because they tell an amazing evolutionary (进
化的) story,” Cooke said. “I'm interested in all of nature, not just the
shiny bits.”
Amphibians—animals like frogs that live both on land and in water—top
Cooke's list. Over a third of amphibians are going extinct; it's the worst
extinction crisis since the dinosaurs were wiped off the face of the earth.
“Amphibians occupy a crucial spot in the middle of the food chain. If you
remove them, everything else will be lost as well,” she noted. “That
motivated me to start my blog, The Amphibian Avenger. When amphibians go
extinct, birds and snakes that eat them also disappear. And since they
breathe through their skin, they are easily attacked by pollution and
climate change. That makes them fantastic instruments for measuring the
health of ecosystems.”
One of Cooke's most popular online videos is about sloths—extremely slow-
moving animals that live in trees. They've always had a reputation for
being lazy and stupid. In fact, “slothfulness” is the key to the animal's
success, allowing the sloth's liver (肝脏) to process poisonous substances
found in the leaves it eats. Moving slowly also keeps it hidden from
enemies. “My video showed the world how interesting they are,” Cooke
said.北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
The bats, dung beetles and more get their moment in the sun thanks to
Cooke. “I just want people to share my sense of amazement and love for
these creatures,” Cooke stated. “Once you understand why they're ugly or
odd, you'll appreciate them and want to save them as much as I do.”
1.Cooke started The Amphibian Avenger in order to .
A.make the animal popular with people
B.show her unique appreciation of beauty
C.introduce the research on a new species
D.explain the importance of this kind of animal
2.Cooke's video about sloths is an example of .
A.why some animals deserve their reputation
B.why she thinks it necessary to save animals
C.how people focus on some specific animals
D.how she is trying to change people's minds
3.What is the best title of the passage?
A.Animal Defender
B.Intelligent Animals
C.Cooke's Storytelling Blogs
D.The Secret of Extinct Creatures
答案
语篇解读 本文的主题语境是人与自然,主题语境内容是人与动植物。文章介绍了动物
学家Lucy Cooke为保护动物所做出的努力。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“ Amphibian s occup y a crucia l spo t i n th e
middl e o f th e foo d chain . If you remove them, everything else will be lost
as well,” she noted. “ Tha t motivate d m e t o star t m y blog , Th e Amphibia n
Avenger...”可知,Cooke开始The Amphibian Avenger的目的是解释两栖动物的重要
性。
2.D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段前两句One of Cooke's most popular online
videos is about sloths—extremely slow-moving animals that live in trees.北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
They've always had a reputation for being lazy and stupid.,倒数第二段最后一
句“My video showed the world how interesting they are,” Cooke said.以及最
后一段中“Once you understand why they're ugly or odd, you'll appreciate
them and want to save them as much as I do.”可推知,关于树懒的视频是Cooke
试图改变人们想法的一个例子。
3.A 主旨要义题。通读全文,尤其是根据第一段中的Zoologist Lucy Cooke draw s
attentio n t o som e o f th e worl d ' s leas t attractiv e animal s. She hopes to
show the world why some of the most unlovable animals are actually the most
interesting and deserving of ou r attentio n an d protectio n.可知,文章主要介绍
了Cooke为保护动物所做的事情。因此,Animal Defender(动物保护者)是最佳标题。
Passage 6
词数 435
An 8-year-old boy I know is small for his age, shorter and slighter
than his friends, even smaller than his 5-year-old sister. Concerned about
the increasing use and possible risks of growth hormones (生长激素), I
asked his mother if she'd considered treating him with it. She replied,
“Not really. He's built like his father, who was short and slight as a boy
and didn't shoot up until college.”
His father, at 41, is now 6 feet tall, though still very slender. He
recalls being a reasonably athletic child but without the physical power of
his friends, making up for what he lacked in height with speed and agility.
“I enjoyed competitive sports and worked on skills others didn't have,”
he told me, and said he encouraged his son to recognize and capitalize on
the skills he has.
If only every parent with a short but healthy child approached the matter
as sensibly. Experts estimate that 60% to 80% of children who are small for
their age do not have a growth hormone deficiency (缺乏) or other medical
condition that limits growth. But knowing there's a therapy available to
increase height, some parents seek a medical solution for a perceived
problem, even when there is no medical abnormality. They should also know,北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
however, that new research has linked growth hormone treatment to serious
unfavorable health effects years later.
Dr. Adda Grimberg, a doctor at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia,
recalled that “Twenty years ago, families were focused on health. They
came in with a child who was not growing right and wanted to know if there
was an underlying disease. Now, more and more, they're focused on height.
They want growth hormones, looking for a specific height. But this is not
like online shopping;you can't just place an order and make a child the
height you want.”
In 2003, the Food and Drug Administration approved use of recombinant human
growth hormones for the condition known as “idiopathic short stature”, or
short build of the unknown cause, which is not a disease. But it has caused
a growing number of parents to consider using the growth hormone to boost
the height of their children.
The resulting rush to therapy reflects concerns about a widespread societal
bias (偏见) against shortness, rather than a true medical need. Experts
have noted that the practice backs up the belief that short stature is
unacceptable, leading to an increasing demand for therapy. It is far
better, Dr. Grimberg suggested, to help a short child develop coping skills
than to buy inches through medicine.
1.As for the parents' attitude to their 8-year-old boy's shortness, the
author is .
A.critical
B.tolerant
C.supportive
D.worried
2.How do many parents today react to their children's shortness?
A.They are eager to get the expected result.
B.They spare no effort to sort out the cause.
C.They feel disturbed by their children's health.北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
D.They help develop their children's coping skills.
3.What can we learn about the growth hormone treatment?
A.It might be officially recommended.
B.It may fuel height discrimination.
C.It is pushed by a medical need.
D.It is targeted at certain diseases.
4.Which would be the best title for this passage?
A.Shower the Short with Growth Hormones
B.Find the Replacement for Growth Hormones
C.Assess the Effects of Growth Hormones
D.Weigh the Use of Growth Hormones
答案
语篇解读 本文的主题语境是人与社会,主题语境内容是社会热点问题。文章提出了许
多家长通过生长激素治疗的方式帮助孩子长高的社会现象,这反映出了社会上目前存在
的身高偏见。
1.C 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句If only every parent with a short but
healthy child approached the matter as sensibly.(如果每个矮小但健康的孩子的
父母都能如此明智地对待这件事就好了。)可推知,作者的态度是支持的。
2.A 细节理解题。根据第四段中的Now, more and more, they're focused on
height. They want growth hormones, looking for a specific height.可知,现在
家长越来越关注身高,他们希望通过生长激素得到预期的结果(让孩子长高)。
3.B 细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句Experts have noted that th e practic e
back s u p th e belie f tha t shor t statur e i s unacceptabl e, leading to an
increasing demand for therapy.可知,这种做法证实了个子矮是不可接受的想法,导
致了越来越多的治疗需求,即生长激素治疗可能会加深大家对身高的歧视。
4.D 主旨要义题。文章提出了许多家长希望通过生长激素治疗的方式来帮助孩子长高
的现象,指出了这可能带来的问题,认为家长不应该滥用生长激素。D项(权衡生长激素
的使用)符合文章主旨。
Passage 7
Last year, a popular restaurant released a live stream of a family
dining in it, without asking their permission.After finding out what the北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
restaurant was doing, the family showed their objection, but the restaurant
ignored it and insisted that they had the right to do it.Moreover, they
tried to silence the family, saying that their behavior was damaging the
restaurant's image.This event has caused a debate on the violation of
privacy and portrait rights by webcasts.
It doesn't bother some people when their images are unconsciously
recorded by cameras and shown through live streams on different online
platforms.They may even enjoy appearing on screens and cooperate with some
businesses.In that way, the restaurant can have more public exposure and
thus attract more customers, which is their purpose of webcasting.However,
others including the family mentioned above, are against it.The family
thought that their portrait rights were violated, considering no one had
asked if it was okay to use the images of them.They found it intolerable
that their actions captured by the camera were webcast live to millions of
viewers, not to mention the fact that some of them were not so decent.Thus
they demanded an apology from the restaurant.
People may behave in a relaxed way when eating or resting, and they don't
want others to see them in this way.Thus, from a legal perspective, if
businesses webcast their customers for commercial reasons, they have
violated customers' portrait rights.
Webcasting someone without his or her consent amounts to a violation of
portrait rights, which is getting increasingly common these days as
cellphone webcasting is growing in popularity for technical
convenience.However, public awareness of privacy protection is still
falling behind.More should be done to make sure webcasting is developing
sustainably, without violating people's legal rights.
1.What is the major issue argued in the passage?
A.A famous restaurant published a live stream of a family dining in it.
B.The family showed their objection to the famous restaurant's webcast.北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
C.The restaurant ignored the objection and insisted they had the right to
do it.
D.The restaurant claimed that the family was damaging the restaurant's
image.
2.What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A.Customers enjoy appearing on screens.
B.Customers cooperate with some businesses.
C.Customers are shown through live streams online.
D.Customers are unconsciously recorded by cameras.
3.Which of the following behaviors may violate customers' privacy and
portrait rights?
A.Businesses webcast customers live according to their agreement.
B.Businesses webcast customers for commercial reasons and pay them.
C.Businesses webcast customers' improper actions with their permission.
D.Businesses webcast customers behaving in a relaxed way without informing
them.
4.What is the best title for the passage?
A.Public awareness of privacy protection is increasing.
B.A famous restaurant released a live stream of a family.
C.How can people behave in a relaxed way when having a rest?
D.A debate on whether webcasts violate privacy and portrait rights.
5.What is the author's attitude toward webcasts?
A.Objective. B.Negative.
C.Positive. D.Subjective.
答案
语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文。主题语境是人与社会,主题语境内容为社会热点问题。本
文讨论了网络直播是否涉及隐私权和肖像权的问题。北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
1.C 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知,这家人表达了他们的反对意见,但餐馆不予
理睬,坚称他们有权这么做,继而矛盾激化,故选C。
2.C 词义猜测题。这里的that指代前文提到的when their images are
unconsciously recorded by cameras and shown through live streams on
different online platforms(当他们的形象被摄像机无意识地记录下来,并在不同的
网络平台上通过流媒体直播时),故选C。
3.D 推理判断题。根据第二段中The family thought that their portrait rights
were violated, considering no one had asked if it was okay to use the
images of them.(这家人认为他们的肖像权受到了侵犯,因为没有人询问是否可以使用
他们的形象)可知D是正确选项。
4.D 主旨大意题。文章在第一段最后一句已经表明了文章主旨并引出了下文讨论内
容:This event has caused a debate on the violation of privacy and portrait
rights by webcasts.(这一事件引发了一场关于网络直播侵犯隐私权和肖像权的辩论),
故选D。
5.A 推理判断题。作者在文章中同时呈现了正反方的观点和态度,故选objective(客
观的)。 negative否定的;positive积极的;subjective主观的。
难句分析 原句:Webcasting someone without his or her consent amounts to a
violation of portrait rights, which is getting increasingly common these
days as cellphone webcasting is growing in popularity for technical
convenience.
分析:本句话中which引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为前面整个主句。同时本句话里还
有as引导的时间状语从句。
译文:在未经他人同意的情况下进行网络直播就相当于侵犯肖像权,近来随着手机网络
直播因技术上的便利越来越受欢迎,这种情况越来越普遍。
Passage 8北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
The damage that aging does to a body extends all the way down to the
cellular level.But the damage increased by cells in older muscles is
especially severe, because the cells do not reproduce easily and they
become weaker as their mitochondria (线粒体), which produce energy, reduce
in energy and number. A study, however, suggests that certain sorts of
exercise may remove some of what time can do to our mitochondria.
Exercise is good for people, as everyone knows.But scientists have
surprisingly little understanding of its cellular impacts and how those
might vary by activity and the age of the exerciser. So researchers
recently conducted an experiment on the cells of 72 healthy but
sedentary(久坐的) men and women who were 30 or younger or older than
64.After baseline measures were established for their aerobic(有氧的)
fitness, their blood sugar levels and the gene activity and mitochondrial
health in their muscle cells, the volunteers were randomly assigned to a
particular exercise program.
Some of them did weight training several times a week;some did interval
training three times a week on exercise bicycles;some rode exercise bikes
at an appropriate pace for 30 minutes a few times a week and lifted weights
lightly on other days.A fourth group, the control, did not exercise.After
12 weeks, the lab tests were repeated.In general, everyone experienced
improvements in fitness and an ability to regulate blood sugar.
But more unexpected results were found in the biopsied(活组织检查)
muscle cells.Among the younger subjects who went through interval training,
the activity levels had changed in 274 genes, compared with 170 genes for
those who exercised more appropriately and 74 for the weight lifters.Among
the older group, almost 400 genes were working differently now, compared
with 33 for the weight lifters and only 19 for the appropriate exercisers.
It seems exercise could help contain the decline in the cellular health
of muscles associated with aging, especially if it was intense, says Dr.
Sreekumaran Nair, the study's senior author.In fact, older people's cells北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
responded in some ways more strongly to intense exercise than the cells of
the young did—suggesting, he says, that it is never too late to benefit
from exercise.
1.Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A.Exercise Might Benefit Aging Muscles
B.Exercise Might Increase Aging Muscles
C.Exercise Might Do Harm to Mitochondria
D.Aging Mainly Occurs in the Cellular Level
2.What can we know about the experiment mentioned in Paragraph 2?
A.Volunteers cannot be good at exercising.
B.All volunteers must have the same baseline.
C.It was carried out among the youth of different sexes.
D.Volunteers received a random particular exercise program.
3.How does the author develop Paragraph 3?
A.By analyzing every group's different data.
B.By comparing every group's training time.
C.By listing every group's different training.
D.By describing every group's training results.
4.What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?
A.The experiment did not get expected results.
B.Riding exercise bikes has no influence on the volunteers.
C.Weight lifting is the most useful training among these exercises.
D.Interval training brings stronger influence to the elder than to the
youth.
5.Which can replace the underlined word “contain”?
A.change B.stop
C.record D.cause
答案
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。主题语境是人与自然,主题语境内容为自然科学研究成
果。一项研究表明,某些类型的运动可能会消除一些时间对我们线粒体的影响。北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
1.A 主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句中的certain sorts of exercise may remove
some of what time can do to our mitochondria(某些类型的运动可能会消除一些时
间对我们线粒体的影响)可知运动对延缓老年肌肉细胞损伤有好处,故选A。
2.D 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句中的the volunteers were randomly
assigned to a particular exercise program(志愿者们被随机分配到一个特定的锻
炼计划)可知选D(志愿者们接受了一项随机的特定锻炼计划)。
3.C 推理判断题。第三段作者列举了四组测试者参加实验的内容,故选C(通过列出每
个小组的不同训练)。
4.D 推理判断题。根据第四段对比青年组和老年组数据可知选D(间歇训练对老年人的
影响大于年轻人)。
5.B 词义猜测题。画线单词所在句It seems exercise could help contain the
decline in the cellular health of muscles associated with aging,...意为“运
动似乎有助于抑制与衰老相关的肌肉细胞健康下降,……”,contain是“抑制”的含义,
故选B。
难句分析 原句:In fact, older people's cells responded in some ways more
strongly to intense exercise than the cells of the young did—suggesting,
he says, that it is never too late to benefit from exercise.
分析:本句中than引导比较状语从句,此外,suggesting后的that引导宾语从句。
译文:他说,事实上,老年人的细胞在某些方面对高强度运动的反应比年轻人的细胞更强
烈,这表明从运动中获益永远不会太晚。
Passage 9
The public nowadays has a misunderstanding of forest fires, believing
that fires should be kept out of every type of forest. Many of us can北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
recall Smokey the Bear's famous warning: “Remember, only YOU can prevent
forest fires”. However, that's not always the case. Under the right
conditions, and when conducted safely, fire can create many environmental
benefits as well as help prevent larger, uncontrollable wildfires.
After a forest fire, many wildlife species will move into recently burned
areas to feed on these newly available foods. Some reptiles and amphibians
such as the pine snake prefer forests frequently burned by fire. As Herbert
Stoddard put it, “One of the most harmful things modern man has done to
birds has been his attempt to exclude fire from fire-type pine forests.
Within a few years most forests are choked up with bushes, lose their
prairie-like vegetation and can no longer support birds dependent on
periodic burning for their food supply and proper cover.”
If you are asked to picture the forest floor, what do you see? Pine
needles, cones, leaves, branches might come to mind—all sources of fuel.
If these fuel sources build up without any type of removal, the “fuel
load” can lead to fires catastrophic to forests and people alike. In
contrast, prescribed fire can be used by forest professionals every couple
of years to keep forest fuels at an appropriate and manageable level. They
can also minimize the spread of pest insects and disease and remove
unwanted tree and plant species. Plus, they can create and maintain
important wildlife habitats rich in grasses and promote the growth of
trees, wildflowers and other various plants.
Many organizations and agencies work to promote fire on the landscape when
and where appropriate. Smokey Bear even has an updated warning: “Only You
can Prevent Wildfires”, as the Forest Service has over the last few
decades developed policies and procedures to include prescribed fire as a
management tool, as well as continuing their work to prevent and fight
wildfires.
1.Why did the author mention Smokey the Bear's warning?
A.To introduce the topic of the passage.北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
B.To clarify a misunderstood concept.
C.To show the significance of fire prevention.
D.To raise people's awareness of forest protection.
2.What can benefit birds according to Herbert Stoddard?
A.Forest bushes.
B.Fuel sources.
C.Pine forests.
D.Periodic burning.
3.What is the purpose of prescribed fire?
A.To put out wildfires.
B.To keep the forest balance.
C.To remove tree and plant species.
D.To keep the fuel rich in the forest.
4.What might be the best title for the passage?
A.One Match Can Start a Forest Fire
B.Where There Is Smoke There Is a Fire
C.Not All Forest Fires Are Created Equal
D.Why Not Keep the Forest Fire Burning
答案
语篇解读 本文为说明文。主题语境为人与自然,主题语境内容为人与环境。文章介绍了
不是所有的森林火灾都是一样的。
1.A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的However, that's not always the case. Under
the right conditions, and when conducted safely, fire can create many
environmental benefits as well as help prevent larger, uncontrollable
wildfires.可知,作者提到了这个警告,是为了介绍文章的主题。故选A。
2.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中Within a few years most forests choke up with
bushes, lose their prairie-like vegetation and can no longer support birds
dependent on periodic burning for their food supply and proper cover.可
知,Herbert Stoddard说,定期燃烧对鸟类有益。故选D。北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
3.B 推理判断题。根据第三段中的In contrast, prescribed fire can be used by
forest professionals every couple of years to keep forest fuels at an
appropriate and manageable level.可知,这样做是为了保持森林的平衡。故选B。
4.C 主旨要义题。根据第一段中的The public nowadays has a misunderstanding
of forest fires, believing that fires should be kept out of every type of
forest.和fire can create many environmental benefits as well as help
prevent larger, uncontrollable wildfires可知,应选C。
Passage 10
Loneliness is a widespread problem with complex roots.
There has been a quie t pandemi c developing while most people's
attention has been on COVID-19. The lockdown has worsened a problem that
has been spreading in many developed nations for decades: loneliness.
It is a complex issue which covers not only social lives, but the way
you work and the way you vote. Noreena Hertz, an academic, deals with the
subject in an important new book, “The Lonely Century”. Loneliness
increases the risk of heart disease, strokes and dementia(痴呆症). Those
who say they are lonely are likelier to be depressed five years later. In
addition, lonely people can become more hostile towards others and more
attracted to extremist politics.
Part of the problem stems from contemporary employment. Globally, two
in five office workers feel lonely at work. This rises to three in five in
Britain. Gig-economy(零工经济) jobs can leave people with insecure incomes
and without the companionship of colleagues. The pandemic has made it more
difficult to make, and maintain friendships, particularly for new
employees.
Ms. Hertz points her finger at other recent developments. One of them
is social media. The internet has led to much cyber-bullying (although it
has also been a source of companionship during the lockdown). And people
glued to their smartphones spend less time interacting socially.北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
Some changes in behavior are caused by individual choice. Before the
pandemic no one was stopped from going to church or taking part in sports.
They simply preferred to do other things. American fathers spend three
times as much time with their children as they did in the 1960s. That is
surely a welcome development.
So recreating a communal society may be difficult. When the pandemic
ends, people may enjoy the chance to be with their neighbors and colleagues
for a while. But the trend is clear. Technology means that people can get
their entertainment at home, and work there, too. It is convenient but it
also leads to loneliness.
1.What does the underlined phrase “a quiet pandemic” refer to in the
second paragraph?
A.COVID-19.
B.Loneliness.
C.The lockdown.
D.A complex issue.
2.Why is the new book mentioned in Paragraph 3?
A.To show the seriousness of loneliness.
B.To advertise a new book.
C.To give an example of loneliness.
D.To introduce what to be discussed.
3.Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons for the trend of
loneliness?
A.Contemporary employment.
B.Social media.
C.Individual choice.
D.Extremist politics.
4.Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A.Loneliness: Good or Not?
B.A Common Disease
C.Loneliness: A Clear Trend北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
D.Pandemic and Loneliness
答案
语篇解读 本文为说明文。主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为社会热点问题。文章
介绍了孤独是一个有着复杂根源的普遍问题,并分析了孤独的趋势的原因,还指出技术
令人走向孤独。
1.B 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的The lockdown has worsened a problem that has
been spreading in many developed nations for decades: loneliness.可知,这里
画线短语指的就是孤独。故选B。
2.A 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句说孤独是一个复杂的问题以及后文说到孤独带来
的不良后果可知,文中引用这本书是为了说明孤独的严重性。故选A。
3.D 细节理解题。从文中能明确找到A(Para 4)、B(Para 5)、C(Para 6)是孤独的趋势
的原因,而根据第三段中的In addition, lonely people can become more hostile
towards others and more attracted to extremist politics.可知,被极端主义政治
吸引是孤独的表现,而非原因。故选D。
4.C 主旨要义题。从本文结构来看,文章开篇提出“孤独是一个有着复杂根源的普遍问
题”这一话题,随后介绍了孤独的表现,四、五、六三段分析了孤独的趋势的原因,最后一
段指出技术给人们提供了在家娱乐和工作的方便,也让人走向孤独。综合全文,C的表述
最为贴切。故选C。
Passage 11
Emma Li spent almost three years on China's “996 schedule”:
working from nine in the morning to nine in the evening, six days a week.
“I was deprived of all my personal life,” said she. Usually, she had a
small window to eat, shower and go to bed—but she sacrificed sleep to
regain some personal time. Often, Li would stay up surfing the internet,
reading the news and watching online videos until well after midnight.
What Li was doing is “revenge bedtime procrastination” (RBP). The
phrase spread rapidly on Twitter in June after a post by journalist Daphne
K Lee. She described the phenomenon as when “people who don't have much
control over their daytime life refuse to sleep early in order to regain
some sense of freedom during late-night hours”.北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
Psychology may explain the reason why people would choose to regain
this leisure time even at the expense of sleep. A growing body of evidence
points to the importance of time away from work pressure. “One of the most
important parts of recovery from work is sleep. However, sleep is affected
by how well we separate ourselves from stress,” says Sheffield
University's Kelly. It's important, she explains, to have a rest when we
can be mentally distanced from work, which would explain why people are
willing to sacrifice sleep for post-work leisure.
In fact, experts have long warned that insufficient sleep is an ignored
global public-health epidemic(流行病). A 2019 survey showed that 62% of
adults worldwide feel they don't get enough sleep. People mentioned various
reasons for this lack, including stress and their sleeping environment, but
37% blamed their heavy work or school schedule. Long hours at the office
aside, another part of the problem is that modern working patterns mean
people find it harder to draw boundaries between work and home.
1.Why does the author mention the example of Emma Li in the first
paragraph?
A.To make comparisons.
B.To introduce the topic.
C.To support her argument.
D.To provide examples.
2.Which of the following is the cause of the “RBP”?
A.The intention of refreshing oneself.
B.The desire to get rid of work stress.
C.The unwillingness to sleep early.
D.The lack of sleeping environment.
3.What can be the best title of the passage?
A.The Psychology behind the “RBP”
B.The Harmful Effects of the “RBP”
C.The Insufficient Sleep of Adults
D.The Popularity of “996 Schedule”北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
答案
语篇解读 本文为说明文。主题语境为人与自我,主题语境内容为健康的生活方式。文章
由Emma Li的事例引出“报复性熬夜”的话题,并从心理学角度分析了“报复性熬夜”
背后的原因。
1.B 推理判断题。文章开篇提出Emma Li熬夜的例子,第二段马上提到RBP,即本文的话
题。所以Emma Li的例子是为了引出这个话题。故选B。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的A growing body of evidence points to the
importance of time away from work pressure.可知,应选B。
3.A 主旨要义题。第一段用Emma Li的例子引出话题——RBP。第二段解释了何为RBP。
第三、四两段从心理学角度分析了这种现象背后的原因。由此可知,A的表述最贴切。故
选A。
Passage 12
Automakers around the world, from Japan to Texas, are struggling with a
global shortage of computer chips. Volkswagen sounded the alarm about the
growing problem last month. Now more automakers are reporting problems that
are trimming production plans based on their supply of semiconductors(半导
体).
Semiconductors are at the heart of our phones and computers, but
they're critical components for new cars, too—and not just in fancy touch
screens. “They're controlling the engine and the emissions and even in the
switches for raising and lowering your windows,” says Kristin Dziczek, the
vice president at the Center for Automotive Research.
Last year, when auto manufacturing was suspended for the pandemic,
everyone predicted a prolonged slowdown in car sales. The global
semiconductor industry planned accordingly, and arranged to sell more
computer chips to other buyers. But then, much to everyone's surprise,
shoppers were still eager to buy new cars. As soon as they reopened, plants
resumed normal production at a remarkable speed.北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
At the same time, demand for chips from other sectors—like consumer
electronics—was also increasing. “Every school district in the country
had to buy new computers,” Dziczek says.
For car shoppers, this could mean some vehicle models are harder to
find for the next few months. So far, the consequences have been uneven
among automakers. Ford and Fiat Chrysler have entire plants on pause, while
General Motors says its manufacturing operations have not been affected,
and Toyota does not expect any impact on employment. The United Auto
Workers, which represents factory workers at Ford, GM and Fiat Chrysler
plants, notes that its contracts include “unemployment and supplemental
pay” for workers affected by production downtime.
1.In what ways can semiconductors not be applied in cars?
A.In the engine system.
B.In fancy touch screens.
C.In the emission system.
D.In the switches of car doors.
2.What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A.It'll be harder for shoppers to find a dream car.
B.The contracts are not beneficial to the workers.
C.Toyota is expected to face the employment problem.
D.All the automakers have paused the entire plants.
3.Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A.A Dream Car Is Not a Dream
B.The Growing Popularity of Semiconductor
C.Semiconductor Won't Hurt Chip Production
D.Auto Production Disturbed by Chip Shortages
答案
语篇解读 本文为说明文。主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为社会热点问题。文章讲
述了疫情期间,许多汽车制造商面临着汽车芯片短缺的困境。汽车购买者对车的购买欲
并没有减退,因此许多汽车制造商都出台应对措施,保障工人权益,保证生产供应。北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
1.D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的and not just in fancy touch screens和
They're controlling the engine and the emissions and even in the switches
for raising and lowering your windows可知,并未提及门的开关。故选D。
2.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的For car shoppers, this could mean some
vehicle models are harder to find for the next few months.可知,购车者短期内
可能更难买到某些想要的车型。故选A。
3.D 主旨要义题。根据全文可知,文章讲述的是在疫情期间,由于半导体芯片短缺,汽车
生产受到影响的情况。故选D。
Passage 13
Chinese cuisine is widely known and enjoyed all around the world. Who
doesn't long for a favorite Chinese dish? But there is one interesting
concept concerning Chinese food which is almost unheard of in the West, and
which is becoming increasingly ignored by the youth of the East—the
ancient custom of “tonic food”.
Tonic food is food which is consumed to improve one's well-being or
avoid sickness. For instance, it was once the custom for new mothers to eat
a sesame oil (麻油) hot pot every day for the first month after giving
birth. It was believed that this dish would benefit the muscles, reduce
pain, improve circulation, stimulate sweating, and warm the body. Some
foods, such as goat meat and spinach, are seen as “hot”, while others,
such as Chinese cabbage and radish, are seen as “cold”. One should be
careful not to eat too much of either “hot” or “cold” food. However,
how much “hot” or “cold” food one should eat depends on the time of the
year, how the food is prepared and what it is prepared with, and the
individual's health.
The custom of employing tonic foods for a healthier life also
influences the catering industry. Chinese herbal medicine, such as
wolfberry (枸杞), can be found on many a restaurant menu, either added to
fruit tea or as a beneficial addition to a dish. These herbs attract北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
customers, such as over-worked office staff, in need of a modest pick-me-
up.
So, whether you need to boost your strength with a large helping of
chicken soup, or increase your mental powers with a serving of pigs' brain
soup, you may find that this ancient Chinese custom could be just the tonic
you were looking for.
1.What is the present situation of tonic food?
A.It is catching less attention.
B.It is enjoyed by many young people.
C.It is well known worldwide.
D.It is becoming increasingly popular.
2.What is believed to benefit new mothers?
A.Chinese cabbage.
B.Fruit tea.
C.A sesame oil hot pot.
D.Pigs' brain soup.
3.Which of the following best explains “catering” underlined in Paragraph
3?
A.Medicine. B.Restaurant.
C.Education. D.Fashion.
4.What can be a suitable title for the text?
A.The Charm of Chinese Cuisine
B.The Popularity of Tonic Food
C.An Introduction to Chinese Tonic Food
D.Differences between Hot Food and Cold Food
答案
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为中国传统饮食文化。
文章介绍了中国古老的“食补”习俗的现状、功效以及滋补食品对现代餐饮业的影响。北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
1.A 细节理解题。本题题干意为:滋补食品的现状是怎样的?根据第一段中But there
is one interesting concept concerning Chinese food which is almost unheard
of in the West, and which is becoming increasingly ignored by the youth of
the East—the ancient custom of “tonic food”.(但关于中国食品有一个有趣的
观念——古老的“食补”习俗,它在西方几乎是闻所未闻,在东方也越来越被年轻人忽
略。)可知:“食补”习俗如今越来越不受关注了,故选A项。
2.C 细节理解题。本题题干意为:人们认为什么对产妇有益?根据第二段中For
instance, it was once the custom for new mothers to eat a sesame oil hot
pot every day for the first month after giving birth. It was believed that
this dish would benefit the muscles, reduce pain, improve circulation,
stimulate sweating, and warm the body.(例如,在过去产妇在生完孩子第一个月里,
每天都要吃麻油火锅,这是一种习俗。人们认为这道菜对肌肉有益,减少疼痛,促进血液
循环,刺激出汗,使身体暖和。)可知:人们认为麻油火锅对产妇有益,故选C项。
3.B 猜测词义题。本题题干意为:下列哪一项能最好解释第三段中的画线词
“catering”?根据后文Chinese herbal medicine, such as wolfberry, can be
found on many a restaurant menu, either added to fruit tea or as a
beneficial addition to a dish.(中草药,如枸杞,可以在许多餐馆的菜单上找到。枸
杞可以添加到果茶中,也可以作为菜肴有益的添加物。)可知:the catering industry
意为“餐饮业”,故选B项。
4.C 主旨要义题。本题题干意为:本文的合适的题目是什么?文章第一段介绍了中国滋
补食品的现状,第二段介绍了中国滋补食品的功效;第三段介绍了中国滋补食品对现代
餐饮业的影响;第四段倡导人们食用滋补食品。由此可推知本文是对中国滋补食品的介
绍,故答案为C项。
Passage 14
Sarah Moore rushed her two-year-old daughter Lacie Moore to hospital
after she was hurt. The worried mum from Morecambe, Lancashire, left her
car on a double yellow line outside the Lancaster hospital and raced inside
with her daughter. When Sarah returned to her car, rather than finding a
parking ticket, she surprisedly discovered a hand-written note, saying that北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
they had “sweet-talked” the traffic warden( 交通管理员) into not giving
her a ticket.
“They didn't have to do that—it made things a lot easier,”the
grateful mum said. “I was fully expecting to come out of the hospital and
to have a parking ticket, and I had come to terms with that.”
The dramatic evening began on the evening of July 2 when Lacie split
her head open on the hinge (铰链) of a door. Lacie ripped on the carpet and
hit the hinge. When Sarah picked her up there was blood everywhere. It
terrified Sarah, who quickly switched to action mode. There was no time to
call for an ambulance so Sarah just put her in the car and got her there in
15 minutes. It was scary.
When she arrived at the hospital Sarah ignored the warnings of
ambulance staff about potential traffic wardens and raced inside. The note
she found on her car when she returned made sure a difficult day was made
just a little bit easier. It read:“Good afternoon, we noticed you left
your car here as you rushed your child into A&E. (We tried to warn you
about getting a ticket.) We spoke with the traffic warden and told him
about your situation and managed to sweet-talk him into letting you off
under the circumstances. He wanted us to let you know that you can leave it
in the ambulance bay across the road. We hope your little one is okay.
Kindest regards.”
1.What does the underlined word “sweet-talked” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A.Trick somebody with some sweets.
B.Persuade somebody in a pleasant way.
C.Confuse somebody with sweet words.
D.Convince somebody with solid evidence.
2.What do we know about Sarah?
A.She injured her daughter at home.
B.She was punished for breaking traffic rules.
C.She thought she would pay a parking fine.
D.No one noticed her when she parked her car.北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
3.Who wrote the note for Sarah?
A.Passers-by.
B.Traffic wardens.
C.Doctors in A&E.
D.Ambulance staff.
4.What can be the best title for this text?
A.A Sweet Surprise
B.A Lucky Mother
C.A Generous Warden
D.A Thoughtful Parking Ticket
答案
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为社会交往。Sarah
Moore在带孩子到医院就医时,因孩子伤情紧急而违规停车,目睹此情形的急救人员为她
向交通管理员求情,从而为她免去了罚单。
1.B 猜测词义题。本题题干意为:第一段中的画线词“sweet-talked”是什么意思?根
据第一段内容可知,Sarah Moore把车停在了双黄线上,违反了交通规则,但让她吃惊的
是她回来后看到车上没有贴罚单,而是有一张手写的便条;再结合第四段中提到的便条
内容“We spoke with the traffic warden and told him about your situation
and managed to sweet-talk him into letting you off under the circumstances.
(我们和交通管理员谈了谈,告诉了他关于你的情况,并设法用甜言蜜语说服他在这种情
况下放了你。)”可以推测,“sweet-talked”指用甜言蜜语说服了交通管理员不要给
Sarah开罚单。选项B“用令人愉快的方式说服某人”与之意义相近,故选B项。
2.C 推理判断题。本题题干意为:对于Sarah我们知道什么?根据第二段中“I was
fully expecting to come out of the hospital and to have a parking ticket,
and I had come to terms with that.”(我满心期待着从医院出来,并等着收到一张
违规停车罚单,我是会接受的。)可知, Sarah Moore清楚自己违规停车并且预料自己会
因此被罚款。故选C项。
3.D 细节理解题。本题题干意为:是谁给Sarah写了那张便条?根据第四段中“When
she arrived at the hospital Sarah ignored the warnings of ambulance staff北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
about potential traffic wardens and raced inside.”可得知,写便条的人是曾经
提醒过Sarah Moore的救护人员。故选D项。
4.A 主旨要义题。本题题干意为:本文的最佳题目是什么?全文围绕Sarah Moore意外
收到的善意便条展开,介绍了她因急着带孩子就医而违规停车以及急救人员说服交通管
理员免开罚单的事。选项A“A Sweet Surprise(甜蜜的惊喜)”最能概括文章的主旨大
意。故选A项。
Passage 15
Most of us have something about us that we're not 100% in love with,
such as an impulsive streak or a short temper. What if those personality
traits(个性特征)could be improved with daily use of a smartphone app? That
was the focus of a new study from an international research team led by the
University of Zurich.
“Personality traits predict several important aspects of life such as
success at work, health and even a long life,”says first author Mirjam
Stieger, PhD, of Brandeis University in Waltham, Massachusetts. “So we
wanted to test whether people can actively shape their personality traits
with the help of a digital intervention(干预)within a relatively short
period of time.”
Around 1,500 participants were provided with a specially developed
smartphone app called PEACH for three months. On the app, a virtual
companion communicated with the participants daily and provided support to
help them make the changes they desired. And participants were divided into
two groups—an intervention group and a waitlist control group.
Participants in the waitlist control group selected and indicated their
change goals before a one-month waiting period, and then they received the
same three-month intervention as the intervention group.
The researchers found that participants in the waitlist control group
didn't change their personality traits during the one-month waiting period,
but participants who received the intervention reported changes in the
desired direction. “We also found that friends and family members were北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
able to detect personality changes,” Stieger says. “Another surprising
finding was that most participants were able to maintain(维持)their
personality trait changes until three months after the end of the
intervention.”
While apps could be used to promote personality change, mental health
expert Karen Peters warns, it's important to remember they are there for
support and not as a substitute for an individual's change. “The use of an
app itself isn't going to influence change—change is influenced by
internal motivation,” she says. “The new study demonstrates this point by
determining that change outcomes were in agreement with the individual's
desire to change.”
1.Why does the author ask the question in Paragraph 1?
A.To put forward a problem.
B.To recommend a method.
C.To lead in the recent study.
D.To come up with a new concept.
2.What were participants asked to do in the new study?
A.Set their change goals.
B.Detect others' changes.
C.Help their companions.
D.Get rid of daily apps.
3.What is the finding of the new study?
A.Most of the participants' personalities were unstable.
B.Digital intervention made no difference to personalities.
C.The use of an app alone could shape personality traits.
D.The participants' personality changes were noticeable.
4.What can be a suitable title for the text?
A.Are Your Personality Traits Out of Control?
B.Are You in Love with Your Personality Traits?
C.Can a Smartphone App Change Your Personality?
D.Can Digital Intervention Determine Personal Desire?北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
答案
语篇解读 本文为说明文。主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为科技发展。研究发现,
人们可以通过使用智能手机应用程序改变他们的个性特征。
1.C 推理判断题。本题题干意为:在第一段作者为什么提出一个问题?根据第一段中
“That was the focus of a new study from an international research team led
by the University of Zurich.”(那是苏黎世大学领导的一个国际研究小组的一项新
研究的重点。)可推知提问的目的是引入最新的研究,故答案为C项。
2.A 细节理解题。本题题干意为:在这项新研究中,参与者被要求做什么事情?根据第
三段中“... to help them make th e change s the y desire d.”及“Participants
in the waitlist control group selecte d an d indicate d thei r chang e goal s
before a one-month waiting period”(参加对照组的人员在一个月的等待期之前选
择并表明他们的改变目标)可知在此项研究中,参与者被要求预先确定自己的变化目标,
故答案为A项。
3.D 细节理解题。本题题干意为:这项新研究有什么发现?根据第四段内容(研究人员
发现,对照组的参与者在一个月的等待期间其性格特征没有发生变化,但接受干预的参
与者报告了他们在预期方向上有所变化。接受干预的参与者的朋友和家人也能够察觉到
他们人格的变化。另外一个令人惊讶的发现是,大多数参与者能够保持他们性格特征的
变化,直到干预结束的三个月后)可知答案为D项。
4.C 主旨要义题。 本题题干意为:本文的合适题目是什么?通读全文,尤其是文章第一
段中的“What if those personality traits could be improved with daily use
of a smartphone app?”(如果那些性格特征可以通过日常使用智能手机应用程序得到
改善,会怎么样呢?)及第二段中的“So we wanted to test whether people can
actively shape their personality traits with the help of a digital
intervention within a relatively short period of time.”(所以我们想测试人们
能否在相对较短的时间内,在数字干预的帮助下积极塑造自己的性格特征。)可知答案为
C项。
长难句 Most of us have something about us that we're not 100% in love
with, such as an impulsive streak or a short temper. 我们大多数人都有一些不
是自己百分之百喜欢的特质,比如冲动倾向或暴躁的脾气。北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
本句为主从复合句。 that we're not 100% in love with为定语从句,修饰先行词
something。
Passage 16
A robot with a sense of touch may one day“feel”pain, both its own
physical pain and sympathy for the pain of its human companions. Such
touchy-feely robots are still far-off,but advances in robotic touch-sensing
are bringing that possibility closer to reality.
Sensors set in soft, artificial skin that can detect both a gentle
touch and a painful strike have been hooked up to a robot that can then
signal emotions, Asada reported on February 15 at the annual meeting of the
American Association for the Advancement of Science. This artificial “pain
nervous system”, as Asada calls it, may be a small building block for a
machine that could ultimately experience pain. Such a feeling might also
allow a robot to“sympathize”with a human companion's suffering.
Asada, an engineer at Osaka University, and his colleagues have
designed touch sensors that reliably pick up a range of touches. In a robot
system named Affetto, a realistic-looking child's head, these touch and
pain signals can be converted to emotional facial expressions.
A touch-sensitive, soft material, as opposed to a rigid metal surface,
allows richer interactions between a machine and the world, says
neuroscientist Kingson Man of the University of Southern California.
Artificial skin“allows the possibility of engagement in truly intelligent
ways”.
Such a system, Asada says, might ultimately lead to robots that can
recognize the pain of others, a valuable skill for robots designed to help
care for people in need, the elderly, for instance.
But there is an important distinction between a robot that responds in
a predictable way to a painful strike and a robot that's able to compute an
internal feeling accurately, says Damasio, a neuroscientist also at the
University of Southern California. A robot with sensors which can detect北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
touch and pain is “along the lines of having a robot, for example, that
smiles when you talk to it,” Damasio says. “It's a device for
communication of the machine to a human.” While that's an interesting
development, “it's not the same thing” as a robot designed to compute
some sort of internal experience, he says.
1.What do we know about the “pain nervous system”?
A.It is named Affetto by scientists.
B.It is a set of complicated sensors.
C.It is able to signal different emotions.
D.It combines sensors and artificial skin.
2.What does the underlined word “converted” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A.Delivered. B.Translated.
C.Attached. D.Adapted.
3.What does Damasio consider as an interesting development?
A.Robots can smile when talked to.
B.Robots can talk to human beings.
C.Robots can compute internal feelings.
D.Robots can detect pains and respond accordingly.
4.What can be the best title of the text?
A.Machines Become Emotional
B.Robots Inch to Feeling Pain
C.Human Feelings Can Be Felt
D.New Devices Touch Your Heart
答案
语篇解读 本文为说明文。主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为科技发展。本文介绍了
能感受到疼痛的有触觉的机器人的发展状况。
1.D 细节理解题。本题题干意为:我们对“疼痛神经系统”了解什么?第二段第一句介
绍了“pain nervous system”,根据该句中“ Sensor s se t i n soft , artificia l
skin that can detect both a gentle touch and a painful strike have been
hooked up to a robot that can then signal emotions”(安装在可以检测到轻轻的
触摸和痛苦的打击的柔软的人造皮肤上的传感器与能够发出情绪信号的机器人相连)可北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
知答案为D项(它把传感器和人造皮肤连了起来)。根据第三段中“In a robot system
named Affetto”(在被命名为Affetto的机器人系统中)可排除A项(它被科学家们命
名为Affetto);B项(它是一套复杂的传感器)和C项(它能够发出不同的情绪信号)在文
中没被提及,故被排除。
2.B 猜测词义题。本题题干意为:第三段中的画线词“converted”可能是什么意思?
根据画线词前后的these touch and pain signals和emotional facial expressions
可猜出画线词的意思是“转化”,故答案为B项。
3.D 细节理解题。本题题干意为:Damasio认为什么是一种有趣的发展?根据最后一段
中“a robot that responds in a predictable way to a painful strike”(一个能
对痛苦的打击做出可预测的反应的机器人)可知答案为D项(机器人可以检测疼痛并做
出相应的反应)。根据最后一段A robot with sensors which can detect touch and
pain is “along the lines of having a robot, for example, that smiles when
you talk to it” (一个装有可以检测触摸和疼痛传感器的机器人,类似于这种机器人,
例如当你和它说话时,它会微笑)中的“类似”“例如”可排除A项;根据最后一段中的
“it's not the same thing” as a robot designed to compute some sort of
internal experience(这与设计用来计算某种内部体验的机器人是不同的)可排除C项;
B项文中并未提及。
4.B 主旨要义题。本题题干意为:本文的最佳题目是什么?根据文章中心句,即第一段
第一句(有触觉的机器人有一天可能会“感受到”疼痛,既包括它自己身体上的疼痛,也
包括对人类同伴疼痛的同情)可知本文最佳题目是B项。
Passage 17
Throughout the past few years, I have tried to give myself to others. I
have bounced around to find where I truly fit in. I found my place while I
stayed in Guatemala, an orphanage (孤儿院),with the children living there.
Through hearing many stories of their lives, I was moved to tears and
started to question my living ways and gave up everything that wasn't
essential: makeup and any other sort of luxury (奢侈品).I lived like they
did. It was the most relaxing feeling in the world.
When at Nuestros Pequenos Hermanos, we were given the task of creating
a pigpen. At first, I thought it should be easy. After arriving at the area北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
where the pigpen should be, we saw a hill. We were told to uproot the weeds
as well as level the entire area. Looking at it, we felt it would be
impossible. On my own faith journey, I have felt this type of doubt before.
The “hole”, as we referred to, is a symbol of my faith journey. It
appeared to be an obstacle I could not overcome, but in the end I completed
it with efforts. I feel this pigpen wasn't easy to create but was so
rewarding to give.
I've always struggled to be on a journey of faith, but I've never
completely stepped foot onto the path until Guatemala. I've always tried to
open my heart to everyone around me and give them my love. I feel as though
I cut open my heart and share every bit of love I had with these orphans.
There is one orphan named Ceto who will always remain very close to my
heart. In Guatemala, I sponsored them with thirty dollars a month, but it
didn't seem enough. I'll return there next summer and give more of my love
for a whole month.
When it was time to leave, I looked out of the window and saw not just
ordinary children. Overall, the most significant accomplishment I made in
Guatemala was stepping towards my own faith journey and not looking back.
1.What resulted in the author's decision to live a new life?
A.Desire to help others.
B.Decrease in his income.
C.A knowledge of the orphans' life.
D.Awareness of the difficulty in his life.
2.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A.Removing the doubt.
B.Uprooting the weed.
C.Starting the faith journey.
D.Creating the pigpen.
3.What did the author think of his experience in Guatemala?
A.It was regretful.
B.It was meaningful.北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
C.It was interesting.
D.It was frightening.
4.What may be the best title for the text?
A.A Step into a New World
B.An Awful Faith Journey
C.A Great Success in Life
D.A Return of Confidence
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是记叙文,讲述了在孤儿院的经历让作者的心灵得到了极大的升华。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的Through hearing many stories of their lives,
I was moved to tears and started to question my living ways and gave up
everything that wasn't essential可知,作者听到那些孤儿们的生活故事后非常感动,
决定停止使用一切不必要的东西。故选C项。
2.D 猜测词义题。根据前文可知,作者本来以为自己无法修建好那个猪圈,最后却凭借
努力做到了。所以这里的“it”指代修建猪圈。故选D项。
3.B 推理判断题。由上下文语境可知,作者在Guatemala 看望这些孤儿们的经历对他
来说很有意义。故选B项。
4.A 主旨要义题。全文讲述了作者在Guatemala看望这些孤儿的经历对他产生的影响,
这进一步丰富了他的信念之旅,从此迈入了一个全新的世界。故选A项。
高级语块 1.fit in(与……)合得来;适应
2.obstacle n. 障碍;阻碍;绊脚石
3.rewarding adj. 值得做的;有益的
Passage 18
It's funny how readily we “take the advice of complete strangers”
when shopping online. More than 80 percent of Americans say they read
online reviews at least some of the time. But on sites such as Amazon and
Yelp, businesses have learnt to “make the most of the rating system to the
seller's or the platform's advantage”, eventually “making the star-rating
scale useless”. Even in the case of confirmed reviews, it can be hard to
know what the stars mean.北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
“Amazon has stepped up the effort to provide transparency,” said
Louise Matsakis in Wired.com. Its “Vine voices” program sends free
products for testing to an invite-only community of “trusted reviewers”.
Amazon has also started ranking its Top 10,000 Contributors on a daily
leaderboard not “just by the number of reviews a person has but also by
how many customers find their feedback to be helpful”. The current No.1
reviewer, a 45-year-old man from North Dakota who has posted nearly 2,500
comments since 2002, has owned a bakery in Oregon, worked for a small
newspaper, and had a 10-year stretch in the Navy as a nuclear welding
inspector. Now he spends his time testing everything from fryers to popcorn
makers, though he exceeded its weight limit by 70 pounds.
“But sellers are still finding ways to deceive prospective buyers,”
said a reviewer. He said, “I identified more than 150 private Facebook
groups where sellers openly exchange free products for five-star reviews. I
joined four of them and was annoyed with a flurry of private messages from
sellers. One offered to pay me $10 for a splendid review of what was
already ‘one of the highest-ranked iPhone chargers’, with 3,971 five-star
reviews and a trusted ‘Amazon choice’ label. When it arrived, the charger
broke within minutes. I reached out to Amazon and those thousands of five-
star reviews for the charger disappeared.”
The product now has 11 reviews and holds a rating of 2.5 stars. But
before all those five-star reviews disappeared, how many shoppers spotted
this $ 13.99 charger pack on Amazon's first-page results and fell for the
trick?
1.What action has Amazon taken to make the star-rating scale useful?
A.Provide effectively checked comments for consumers.
B.Give priority to the advantage of customers.
C.Decide on contributors' rank by the quantity of reviews.
D.Get reliable reviewers to test products before their release.北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
2.What does the underlined word “deceive” in the third paragraph most
probably mean?
A.Persuade. B.Instruct.
C.Interest. D.Cheat.
3.What do we know about the charger seller in the last two paragraphs?
A.He convinced buyers to obtain free products.
B.He attempted to obtain excellent reviews by purchase.
C.He was in hot water and deleted all untrusted reviews.
D.He tricked buyers and disappeared from Amazon.
4.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A.The Efforts of Amazon
B.The Application of Rating System
C.Not Every Star Shines So Brightly
D.Don't Fall for the Trick of Sellers
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文,主题语境是人与社会。文章主要说明了亚马逊和Yelp等网
站上一些卖家通过购买好评来吸引顾客购买自己的产品,从而使网站的星级等级系统变
得毫无用处。亚马逊对此采取了措施,然而卖家仍在想方设法欺骗潜在买家。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第二段中Amazon has also started ranking its Top 10,000
Contributors on a daily leaderboard not “just by the number of reviews a
person has but also by how many customers find their feedback to be
helpful”.可知,亚马逊通过为消费者提供有效的审核意见来让星级评定量表变得有用。
故选A项。
2.D 猜测词义题。根据后文I identified more than 150 private Facebook groups
where sellers openly exchange free products for five-star reviews.可知,卖家
通过公开交换免费产品换取五星好评的方法来欺骗买家,故推测单词意思为“欺骗”。
故选D项。
3.B 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中One offered to pay me $10 for a splendid
review of what was already ‘one of the highest-ranked iPhone chargers’可
知,充电器卖家试图通过购买行为获得极好的评价。故选B项。北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
4.C 主旨要义题。根据第一段中But on sites such as Amazon and Yelp,
businesses have learnt to “make the most of the rating system to the
seller's or the platform's advantage”, eventually “making the star-rating
scale useless”.再结合文章主要说明了亚马逊和Yelp等网站一些企业通过购买好评
来吸引顾客购买自己的产品,从而使网站的星级等级系统变得毫无用处,可知C项“不
是每颗星星都那么明亮”符合文章标题。
高级语块 1.make the most of 充分利用
2.rank v.把……分等级;属于某等级
3.exceed v.超过(数量)
4.spot v.看见;看出;注意到;发现
Passage 19
There is a beautiful story I heard once about a child playing with a
vase (花瓶) his mother had left on the table for a few moments. When the
mother turned at the sound of her son crying, she saw that his hand was in
the vase and was apparently stuck. She tried to help him and pulled and
pulled until the child cried out in pain. But the hand was stuck fast. How
would they get it out? The father suggested breaking the vase but it was
quite valuable and the child's hand might be cut in the process. Yet he
knew that if all else failed, there would be no other alternative. So he
said to the boy, “Now, let's make one more try. Open your hand and stretch
your fingers out straight, like I'm doing, and then pull!” “But Dad,”
said the boy, “if I do that, I'll lose my penny!”
The boy had had a coin in his hand all the time and was holding it
securely in his tight little fist. And he wasn't prepared to open his hand
and lose the penny. But once he opened his hand, it came out of the vase
easily.
I used to hold on to things in my life that I thought were so important
to me. Early in my marriage, all I cared about was becoming the best
volleyball player in the state of Wisconsin. One year, when Kristi was
working shifts at General Motors, I played in 1,400 games, competing four北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
nights a week and 40 out of 52 weekends. My team won over 1,000 games.
Success on the volleyball court, but a huge loss in my relationship with my
Kristi.
When I finally let go, I looked back at what I had done and was
ashamed. Not only did I show my wife she wasn't the most important thing to
me, but I missed out on a lot of relationship building time. My life is so
much richer now that I am not a slave to that drive to be the best player I
could be.
1.Which of the following could be the best title for the passage?
A.The Beautiful Vase in Your Life
B.The Way of Keeping Balance in Life
C.My Dream of Becoming the Best Volleyball Player
D.Holding on to What Is Important
2.The author tells the story about the boy and the vase to show .
A.how naughty a little boy can be
B.we need to drop the unimportant things in our life
C.a little boy may do something silly
D.money is not the most important for us
3.Why did the boy get his hand stuck in the vase?
A.He had a coin in his hand.
B.He didn't know how to stretch his fingers.
C.He was afraid to break the vase.
D.His hand was hurt inside the vase.
4.What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A.The author's relationship with Kristi has been improved.
B.The author didn't regret what he had done.
C.The author still plays volleyball as much as before.
D.Kristi left the author in the end.
答案北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一个小男孩为了抓住硬币,手卡在花瓶里拿不出
来的故事引发了作者对生活的思考——要抓住生活中真正重要的东西,放开不重要的东
西。
1.D 主旨要义题。根据文章内容,特别是第三段中的I used to hold on to things
in my life that I thought were so important to me.可知,一个小男孩为了抓住硬
币,手卡在花瓶里拿不出来的故事引发了作者对生活的思考——要抓住生活中真正重要
的东西,放开不重要的东西。故选D项。
2.B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的But once he opened his hand, it came out of
the vase easily.可知,一旦他放下手中的硬币,他的手很容易就能从花瓶里拿出来,再
结合第三段中的I used to hold on to things in my life that I thought were so
important to me.可知,作者联想到自己曾经抓住自认为是重要的东西不放手。由此可
知作者用这个故事告诉我们需要放下生命中不那么重要的东西。故选B项。
3.A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的The boy had had a coin in his hand all the
time and was holding it securely in his tight little fist.可知,男孩的手卡在
花瓶里拿不出来是因为他手里攥着一个硬币。故选A项。
4.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的My life is so much richer now that I am
not a slave to that drive to be the best player I could be.可知,现在作者的
生活丰富多了,不再是想成为最好球员的欲望的奴隶,他与妻子Kristi之间的关系一定
有了改善。故选A项。
高级语块 1.apparently adv.显然
2.alternative n.可供选择的事物
3.stretch v.伸展;舒展
4.hold on to 抓紧,不放开;保住
长难句 When I finally let go, I looked back at what I had done and was
ashamed. 当我终于放手时,我回头看了看我所做的,感到羞愧。
本句为主从复合句,句中When引导时间状语从句,what引导宾语从句。
Passage 20
We have recently heard some interesting ways that 5G wireless
technology might change our lives in the future. 5G promises Internet
speeds between 50 to 100 times faster than current 4G systems. The北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
technology was also built to handle many more users without slowing
wireless services down. Such improvements are sure to be popular for 5G
users worldwide.
One project in Britain, though, is already testing this superfast
technology, but not on humans. Instead, the experiment involves an unlikely
group of internet users—cows. The system connects the animals to 5G in an
effort to automate the milking process.
The project was developed by American technology company Cisco Systems.
It is part of a Cisco-led program called 5G Rural First. The project also
receives money from the British government. Cisco says the program seeks to
explore the future of 5G connectivity in rural(乡村的) communities around
the world. Rural areas are expected to be the last to receive 5G service.
Testing areas were set up at farms in three rural areas of England. The
cows are equipped with 5G-connected devices that link up to a robotic
milking system. The system uses sensors and machine learning to fully
automate the process. System designers say technology takes over after a
cow feels ready to be milked and walks toward an automatic gate. The device
is designed to recognize each individual cow. It then positions equipment
to the right body position for milking. During the process, machines
release food for the cow as a reward.
One of the test areas is in the town of Shepton Mallet, in southwest
England. There, about 50 of the farm's 180 cows are fitted with 5G smart
collars and health-observing ear sensors. Project officials say the devices
do not harm the cows and the sensors permit farmers to immediately identify
any problems or health concerns.
Nick Chrissos works on the project for Cisco. He said the system can
connect every cow, and every other animal on the whole farm. “That's what
5G can do for farming—really unleash the power that we have within this
farm, everywhere around the United Kingdom, and everywhere around the
world.”北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
1.Why does Cisco Systems test its project at farms in rural areas of
England?
A.It intends to know the potential of 5G connectivity in worldwide rural
areas.
B.It wants to make some changes and improvements on 5G technology secretly.
C.The British government requires it to instruct farmers to produce more
milk.
D.People in rural areas are actually in urgent need of 5G connectivity for
farming.
2.What is the function of the ear sensors?
A.Detecting the stability of 5G wireless services.
B.Assisting the cows in producing milk slowly.
C.Offering healthy food to the cows as rewards.
D.Observing the health condition of the cows.
3.What's Nick Chrissos's attitude toward the role 5G plays in farming?
A.Ambiguous. B.Doubtful.
C.Positive. D.Worried.
4.What is the best title for the text?
A.A Special Program Called 5G Rural First
B.5G Helps in the Milking Process of Cows
C.The Future Development of 5G Technology
D.Cows Connected to 5G Produce More Milk
答案
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了一家名为Cisco Systems的公司在英国的
乡村农场试验5G技术,以实现挤奶过程自动化。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“the program seeks to explore the future of
5G connectivity in rural(乡村的) communities around the world”可知,Cisco
Systems在英国的乡村农场测试它的项目是因为它想要了解5G连接在世界范围内的乡
村地区的潜力。北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
2.D 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“...cows are fitted with 5G smart collars
and health-observing ear sensors.”可知,那些耳部传感器可以监测奶牛的健康状
况。
3.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“That's what 5G can do for farming—really
unleash the power that we have within this farm, everywhere around the
United Kingdom, and everywhere around the world.”可知,Nick Chrissos肯定了
5G在农业中的作用。
4.B 主旨要义题。本文主要介绍了一家名为Cisco Systems的公司在英国的乡村农场
试验5G技术,帮助实现自动挤奶。
高级语块 1.promise v.使很可能;预示
2.connectivity n.连接(度);联结(度)
3.release v.释放;放出;放走
长难句 The cows are equipped with 5G-connected devices that link up to a
robotic milking system. 奶牛装备了5G连接的设备,这样设备连接到机器人挤奶系
统。
本句为主从复合句,句中that引导定语从句,其先行词为devices。
Passage 21
Every year around the world, humans waste an estimated 1.3 billion tons
of food.This happens even though many people go hungry. So some people have
made it their life's work claiming food before it goes to waste and then
giving it to people who are hungry.
One of those people is Brett Myers. In 2011, Myers started Nourish Now,
a food recovery and food bank in the U.S. state of Maryland. This non-
profit organization collects food and then gives it to the poor and
organizations that support them.
“Nourish Now is a food recovery-based food bank that recovers food
from restaurants, catering companies, grocery stores, hotels, farms and
more. And then donates that food directly to families in need, kids in need
at local schools.”北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
Each month, it recovers more than 20,000 kilograms of food and serves
700 needy families, schools and social organizations. Every day, staff and
volunteers repackage the donations and distribute them to recipients.
A woman named Rhoda is one of the recipients. She describes the quality
of the food delivered to her family by Nourish Now. “It consists of fresh
food, fruits and vegetables. You will get bread. Sometimes you get dairy
products such as yogurt or milk. And you will get some meat items also. And
if you get lucky you might get cooked food, or prepared salads, and stuff
like that.”
The supplies can feed a family for five days. Each recipient is able to
receive food every 30 days. And the packages are made to fit the dietary
needs of each family.
Besides families, the organization also donates small meals called
snacks to several nearby schools and social organizations.
Nourish Now has grown considerably since it opened. Brenda is one of
them. Part of her job as a volunteer is to make sure that none of the food
goes to waste.
“In the morning, I make sure that all the things that came late
yesterday, get put away so that we use that last, and we used the things
that came the day before first, so that we're always giving fresh food and
we're not throwing out anything.”
1.What do we know about Nourish Now?
A.It donates money to the poor.
B.It benefits from collecting food.
C.It gets food from many places.
D.It distributes food only to the poor.
2.What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A.Nourish Now.
B.The poor.
C.Food banks.
D.Organizations.北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
3.What does the author want to clarify with the example Rhoda in Paragraph
5?
A.The recovered food is fresh and rich.
B.She isn't satisfied with the food supplied.
C.Eating better can keep people healthier.
D.She can get food donations every five days.
4.What is the best title for the text?
A.People Should Take Care of the Weak
B.The Poor Are Suffering from Starvation
C.Nourish Now Calls on People to Save Food
D.Group Uses Leftover Food to Feed the Hungry
答案
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文。文章主要讲述了2011年Myers在美国马里兰州成立了一
家名为Nourish Now的食品回收和食品银行。这个非营利组织收集食物,然后把食物送
给穷人和支持他们的组织。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知,Nourish Now从许多地方获得食物,故选C项。
2.B 推理判断题。这个非营利组织收集食物,然后把食物送给穷人和支持穷人的组织。
“them”指代上文中提到的“穷人”,故选B项。
3.A 推理判断题。根据第五段中的It consists of fresh food, fruits and
vegetables. You will get bread. Sometimes you get dairy products such as
yogurt or milk. And you will get some meat items also. And if you get lucky
you might get cooked food, or prepared salads, and stuff like that.”可以推
断出,作者想通过Rhoda的例子说明回收的食物新鲜而且种类丰富,故选A项。
4.D 主旨要义题。第二段中的In 2011, Myers started Nourish Now, a food
recovery and food bank in the U.S. state of Maryland. This non-profit
organization collects food and then gives it to the poor and organizations
that support them.是全文的主题句,由此可知,这篇文章最好的题目是“这个组织用
剩余的食物来养活饥饿的人”,故选D项。
高级语块 1.estimate v.估价;估算北京曲一线图书策划有限公司 2023版《5年高考3年模拟》A版
2.catering n.饮食服务
3.repackage v.改变(产品)包装;重新包装