读后续写中 “说” 的门道：
--实用表达技巧大揭秘
一、“say”相关表达
（一） “…, /? / !” sb said in a…voice/tone （某人以……的声音/语气说……）
- “Can we speak privately?” she said in a low/soft/quiet voice.（“我们能私下里谈谈
吗?”她低声/轻声/悄声说。）
- “I can’t bear it,” he said in a choked voice.（“我实在忍不下去了。”他声音哽咽地说
道。）
- “Well, go on,” said Camilla, her voice fairly steady.（“好吧，请继续，”卡米拉用很沉
着的语气说道。）
- 本句型是voice的一种变式，即独立主格结构，构成：one’s voice + adj./doing，例
如“trembling, soft” 。
- “Mary Ann! Mary Ann!” said the voice. “Fetch me my gloves this moment!” Then came a
little pattering of feet on the stairs.（“玛丽·安！玛丽·安！”那个声音喊道，“马上把我的
手套拿过来!”然后楼梯上传来一阵微弱的啪嗒啪嗒的脚步声。）
- 类似的表达如：“Coward!” a tiny inner voice insisted.（“胆小鬼！”内心一个小声
音坚持说。）
（二）“…, /? / !” sb said + with/in+n. (例如：anger, astonishment) （某人带着……情
绪说……）
- “Thank you,” they said in chorus.（“谢谢。”他们齐声说道。）
- “You’re safe!” Tom cried in delight.（“你安全啦！”汤姆高兴地大声说道。）
- “How wonderful!” she said with enthusiasm.（“多棒啊！”她兴致勃勃说道。）
（三）“…, /? / !” sb said + adv. （某人……地说……）
- “Look, I’ve got a wobbly tooth,” said my little daughter, proudly.（“瞧，我有一颗牙活
动了。”我的小女儿骄傲地说道。）（四）“…, /? / !” said sb, 非谓语动词 （某人说……，同时做……动作）
- “This tastes horrible,” said Tom, pulling a face at his glass.（“这太难喝了，”汤姆一脸
苦相地看着杯子说道。）
- “Sit down,” she replied, stressing each word.（“坐下，”她一字一顿地说道。）
（五）“…, /? / !” said sb, 状语或状语从句 (after doing, as, when, before, as if...) （某
人在……情况下说……）
- “I—I’m a little girl,” said Alice, rather doubtfully, as she remembered the number of
changes she had gone through that day.（“我——我是一个小女孩，”爱丽丝十分含糊地
说，因为她想起来自己在这一天中经历了很多次变化。）
（六）“…, /? / !” said sb, 形容词短语 （某人带着……的情绪或状态说……）
- “I’m afraid I don’t know one,” said Alice, rather alarmed at the proposal.（“恐怕我一个
也讲不出来。”爱丽丝说，这个建议使她相当惊恐。）
（七）Say的同义词
- “Wh-when can we g-go?” she stammered / murmured.（“我们什……什么时候能……
能走?”她结结巴巴地说道。）
- “Eva!” he yelled.（“伊娃!”他大喊道。）
- “I won!” she exclaimed.（“我赢了!”她大喊道。）
- “Help!” he screamed.（“救命啊!”他大声喊道。）
- “It’s too hot!” he groaned.（“太热了!”他抱怨道。）
- “David,” she whispered, drawing him aside.（“戴维，”她把他拉到一边悄悄说。）
（八）Say的省略
- “Am I welcome?” He smiled hopefully, leaning on the door.（“欢迎我吗?”他靠在门
上，满怀希望地笑着说道。）
- “But Ian’s such a simpleton”, she laughed.（“可是伊恩太傻了，”她笑着说道。）
（九）Say的概括- I told him what had happened.（我告诉他发生的一切。）
- I share with him the story (of...).（我和他分享了这个事情。）
- I stammered out my history.（我结结巴巴地讲述了我的过去。）
- He poured out his troubles to me.（他对我倾诉了他的烦恼。）
二、“word”相关表达
（一）说出话
- “I’ll call you back” were the last words I heard before she hung up.（在她挂电话前，我
听到她说，“我会回电话的。”）
- “You don’t even like art.” The words pour out of me.（我脱口而出，“你甚至不喜欢艺
术。”）
- As if he could read my thoughts, he said in a rush of words.（他似乎知道我在想什么，
快速说道。）
- In her nervousness she stumbled over her words.（她因紧张说话结结巴巴的。）
（二）有感情的话
- As I said those two small words I saw relief in his eyes.（当我说这两个小字时，我看到
他的眼睛里流露出宽慰的神情。）
- “I heard them talking,” Birdie said, her words choked by tears. “They’ve come for
you!”（“我听到他们在说话，”伯蒂说，她的话被泪水呛住了。“他们是来找你的!”）
- His words rang with pride.（他的话充满了骄傲。）
- His words were a mixture of pity and praise.（他的话里既有同情也有赞扬。）
（三）不舒服的话
- Her words stung like so many sharp stones.（她的话像尖锐的石头一样刺痛着我。）
- The words came at him hard and cold.（这些话对他来说是冷冰冰的。）
- His words sent a chill down her spine.（他的话让她觉得毛骨悚然。）（四）认真地说和对方的反馈
- I listened intently, hanging on every word.（我聚精会神地听着，一字不漏。）
- The words seemed to ring out from his thoughts — We’re here.（这句话似乎从他的脑海
中响起——我们来了。）
- “Sit down,” she replied, stressing each word / pausing on each word.（“坐下，”她一字
一顿地说道。）
- Her encouraging words fell on deaf ears.（她鼓舞人心的话被置若罔闻。）
（五）说不出话
- She paused, at a loss for words.（她停顿了一下，想不出合适的话语。）
- Despair choked her words.（她绝望得说不出话来。）
- Chet opened his mouth to say something, but the words seemed to be all stuck together. So
he just nodded.（切特张开嘴想说些什么，但这些话似乎都粘在一起了。所以他只是点了点
头。）
（六）牢记的话
- Her words echo in my memory to this day. “Oh, you’re beautiful!”（她说的那句“哦，你
好漂亮!”至今在我的记忆中回响。）
- His quiet words still ring in my memory, “You don’t understand. I can’t sleep at
night.”（他平静的话仍回荡在我的记忆里，“你不理解，我就是晚上睡不着。”）
- For a few stunned seconds, I let his words wash over me and sink in so that I would never
forget them.（在震惊的几秒钟里，我任由他的话冲刷着我，这样我就能永远不会忘记。）
- Uncle Benny’s words whispered in his head.（本尼叔叔的话在他脑海中低语。）
（七）改变人的话
- “I’ll do it,” I said, knowing those few simple words would change my life forever.（“我
会的，”我说，我知道这几句简单的话将永远改变我的生活。）- The words rang true, nestled in my brain, and calmed my anxious heart.（这些话听起来
很真实，在我的脑海里扎下了根，安抚了我焦虑的心。）
- I wrote those words in my notebook: Walk backwards!（我在笔记本上写下了这些话：
向后走！）
- His words shifted me into a new space of thinking. He was absolutely right.（他的话把我
带入了一个新的思考空间。他完全正确。）
（八）说完后
- These words were followed by a very long silence.（他说完这些话后，大家又沉默了好
一阵。）
- And with these words, he went into his bedroom where he finished dressing.（说完这些，
他走到卧室里去换衣服了。）
- And at these words he went out.（说完这些话，他就离开了。）
三．常见容易丢分的“说”
错误一 滥用修饰词
【典例1】“How can you do this?"she said angrily, looking at me furiously.
【点睛】 此句使用了大量副调。并且套用了分词作伴随的句型。过度使用副词让阅
卷老师觉得你词汇贫乏。废话连篇，对情节发展和刻画人物性格没有帮助。
【典例2】“That is fantastic news,”he said happily.
【点睛】 此句中完全没有必要加上一个 happily 来表达说的方式，因为句中的
fantastic一词足以说明说话人的表情，过度强调对话标签会让读者的注意力集中在“说话
的方式”而不是“说话的内容”。
错误二 追求花哨，过度使用“对话标签”
【典例】“Hey，how are you?”“I’m fine, how are you?”“How is the weather?”“Terrific! Nice day for a walk isn't it?”
【点睛】 这样的对话在现实生活中很真实，但是小说毕竟是艺术加工，无助情节推
动的，不能刻画人物性格的日常寒暄和偏离文章主线的对话绝对不用。
错误三 用词不当，逻辑混淆
【典例】“I can't believe it,” Emma gasped.“That's hilarious,” Henry chuckled.
【点睛】这里把动作描写逻辑混淆了，gasp(喘息)不能.chuckle(轻笑)出一句话。
“I can't believe it” Emma said with a gasp.(Dialogue tag+with介词短语)
错误四 重复使用，废话堆积
【典例】“I told you already,”I said, glaring.
【点睛】 此句对话中的主语“1”已经清晰地说明了说话者，完全没有必要用
dialogue tag“I said”来说明说话对象。可以加上一点动作描写就可以避免这种错误，并且提
升语言的生动性。I glared at him,“I told you already.”
综合实战演练
On July 8，2017，eight members of a family in total，were enjoying an evening together
at the beach in Panhandle，Florida．As the sun sank lower on the horizon，the two boys
Noah，11，and Stephen，8—swam into the waves without the grown-ups noticing．Soon they
realized that the ocean had pulled them into the sea．After trying and failing to swim back，they
started waving and screaming for help．But the lifeguards had been off duty for the evening．
The boys had been struggling for several minutes when Jacky and Tabatha，a couple from
Georgia，heard them．They dived into the water and soon reached the two brothers．But after a
few minutes，they were all trapped in a rip current(离岸流)—a powerful one that could sweep
even the strongest swimmer out to sea! By then，some teenagers had heard the cry．One of the
teens rushed into the water，grabbed Jacky，and pulled him back to shore．Meanwhile，
Tabatha could feel herself being pulled farther out．She was already exhausted and beginning to
feel desperate as she was trying to save both boys alone．Onshore，Jacky was terrified．A man stopped．“What’s wrong?” asked Shaun，who was
heading back to his car．“My wife is drowning!” Brittany said．Shaun immediately strode(大
步跨)into the water．But several minutes later，a gaping 15 feet still lay between him and
Tabatha and the boys．He knew that if he continued，he’d become another victim．He turned
around to seek help．
It was about that time that Roberta，the boys’ mother，returned from the bathroom and
looked around for her children．She was shocked to spot them floating much farther out than
they were allowed to go．She fought the waves to get to her screaming sons and the stranger who
was trying to save them，but she quickly discovered it was nearly impossible to make headway
in any direction．Looking around，Roberta sighed with relief to see some more people coming
to help．
注意：
1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
Paragraph 1
When they tried in vain to rescue the brothers and Tabatha，a risky idea came to them．
___________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2
By then，more swimmers had also noticed the group in trouble and rushed to join the
human chain．
___________________________________________________________________________
翻译小练习：
1. 为了不让自己在激流中失去立足点，他们开始互相抓住，形成一条从海滩一直延伸到挣
扎的人和塔巴塔的人类链。
___________________________________________________________________________
2. 他们紧紧地联系在一起，把脚牢牢地插在沙子里，以确保他们的安全。
___________________________________________________________________________
3. 然而，这需要更多的链接，可能有几十个。
____________________________________________________________________________
4. 肖恩在海滩上发现了其他的游泳者，喊道：“别光站在那儿！来帮忙吧。”___________________________________________________________________________
5. 一个接一个，一个接一个，完全陌生的人走进海浪里，紧紧抓住对方的手腕，决心不让
任何人死在海滩上。
___________________________________________________________________________
6. 最后，他们成功了，Tabatha 和两个兄弟得救了！“海滩上的那些人是地球上的天
使，”罗伯塔说。
___________________________________________________________________________
7. “不管是第一个人还是最后一个人，他们都是我们的英雄，帮助我们的家庭摆脱了困
境。
___________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1. 为了不让自己在激流中失去立足点，他们开始互相抓住，形成一条从海滩一直延伸到挣
扎的人和塔巴塔的人类链。
To keep themselves from losing their footing in the rip current, they began holding on to one
another to form a human chain extending from the beach all the way out to the struggling and
Tabatha.
2. 他们紧紧地联系在一起，把脚牢牢地插在沙子里，以确保他们的安全。
They stayed linked tightly and managed to ensure they were safe by making their feet firmly
planted in the sand.
3. 然而，这需要更多的链接，可能有几十个。
However, that required more links—probably dozens of them.
4. 肖恩在海滩上发现了其他的游泳者，喊道：“别光站在那儿！来帮忙吧。”
Shaun spotted other swimmers on the beach and shouted, “Don’t just stand there! Come and
help.”
5. 一个接一个，一个接一个，完全陌生的人走进海浪里，紧紧抓住对方的手腕，决心不让
任何人死在海滩上。
One by one，link by link，total strangers walked into the waves and grasped one another by
the wrists，determined that no one would die on that beach．
6. 最后，他们成功了，Tabatha 和两个兄弟得救了！“海滩上的那些人是地球上的天
使，”罗伯塔说。At last，they made it and Tabatha and the two brothers were saved! “Those people on the
beach are angels on earth，”said Roberta．
7. “不管是第一个人还是最后一个人，他们都是我们的英雄，帮助我们的家庭摆脱了困
境。
“Whether it is the first person or the last person in the chain，they are all our heroes，who
helped get our family out of trouble．”
参考范文：
Paragraph 1
When they tried in vain to rescue the brothers and Tabatha，a risky idea came to them. To
keep themselves from losing their footing in the rip current, they began holding on to one another
to form a human chain extending from the beach all the way out to the struggling and Tabatha.
They stayed linked tightly and managed to ensure they were safe by making their feet firmly
planted in the sand. However, that required more links—probably dozens of them. Shaun spotted
other swimmers on the beach and shouted, “Don’t just stand there! Come and help.”
Paragraph 2
By then，more swimmers had also noticed the group in trouble and rushed to join the
human chain．One by one，link by link，total strangers walked into the waves and grasped one
another by the wrists，determined that no one would die on that beach．At last，they made it
and Tabatha and the two brothers were saved! “Those people on the beach are angels on
earth，”said Roberta．“Whether it is the first person or the last person in the chain，they are
all our heroes，who helped get our family out of trouble．”
