2026 高考英语·二轮复习专题突破
专题08 · 语法填空之谓语动词（时态、语态、主谓一致）
核【核心知识·深度解读】
语法填空中，给出动词提示词时，首先要判断它是充当谓语还是非谓语。
如果作谓语，就需要确定时态、语态和主谓一致。近三年高考真题中，谓语
动词约占动词类题目的50%，是语法填空的必考内容。
一、时态判断三步法
① 找时间状语：yesterday, last week, since, for, by the time, in recent years
等。
② 看上下文语境：根据前后句的时态保持一致的原则。
③ 注意特殊句型：如 It is the first time that... 用现在完成时；It was the first
time that... 用过去完成时。
常见时态与时间状语
时态
常见时间状语
一般现在
时
often, always, usually, every day, sometimes, on Mondays
一般过去
时
yesterday, last week, in 2000, ... ago, then, just now
现在进行
时
now, at present, at the moment, Look! Listen!
过去进行
时
at that time, at this time yesterday, when/while 从句
现在完成
时
since, for, already, yet, recently, ever, never, in the past few
years
过去完成
时
by then, by the end of last year, before 过去时间, 用于宾语从句中
一般将来
时
tomorrow, next week, in the future, soon
二、语态判断
判断主语与动词的关系：主动用主动语态，被动用“be + 过去分词”。注意不及物动词无
被动。
三、主谓一致三原则
① 语法一致：主语单数谓语单数，主语复数谓语复数。
② 意义一致：集体名词（如 family, team）强调整体用单数，强调成员用复数。
③ 就近原则：either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also 等连接主语时，谓语
与最近的主语一致。
四、 示例 原文：He ________ (work) in this factory since 2010.
解析：since 2010 是现在完成时的标志，主语 He 为第三人称单数，故填
has worked。
【词汇练习·题型一】时态标志词配对
将左边的时间状语与右边对应的时态连线。
1. in 2020 ________
2. since 2015 ________
3. at this time yesterday ________
4. by the end of last year ________
5. Look! ________
6. next Friday ________
A. 过去进行时
B. 过去完成时
C. 现在进行时
D. 一般将来时
E. 一般过去时
F. 现在完成时
【词汇练习·题型二】动词形式选择
从括号中选择正确的动词形式填空。
7. She ________ (is / are) a student at Peking University.
8. The news ________ (was / were) surprising to everyone.
9. Neither the teacher nor the students ________ (know / knows) the answer.
10. The number of visitors ________ (have / has) increased greatly.
11. A new bridge ________ (build / is being built) across the river now.
12. By the time he arrived, the train ________ (left / had left).
【词汇练习·题型三】主谓一致判断
判断下列句子的主语是单数还是复数，并写出谓语动词的正确形式。
13. The family ________ (be) all early risers.
14. Each of the students ________ (have) a dictionary.
15. Five years ________ (be) a long time.
16. There ________ (be) a pen and two books on the desk.
17. The police ________ (be) searching for the missing child.
18. ________ (be) either of your parents a teacher?
19. Physics ________ (be) my favorite subject.
20. All the furniture ________ (be) made of wood.
题型：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Passage 1
主题：科学家故事
Thomas Edison 21.________ (be) one of the greatest inventors in history. He
22.________ (create) the first practical light bulb after thousands of
experiments. By the time he 23.________ (die) in 1931, he 24.________ (hold)
over 1,000 patents. Many of his inventions still 25.________ (influence) our
lives today. Edison once 26.________ (say), "Genius is one percent inspiration
and ninety-nine percent perspiration." His words 27.________ (inspire) millions
of people around the world. In recent years, many schools 28.________ (name)
after him. A museum 29.________ (build) in his honor in New Jersey, which
30.________ (attract) thousands of visitors every year.
21.________ 22.________ 23.________ 24.________ 25.________ 26.________
27.________ 28.________ 29.________ 30.________
Passage 2
主题：文化传承
The ancient city of Pingyao, 31.________ (locate) in Shanxi Province,
32.________ (be) a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It 33.________ (preserve) its
original layout for over 600 years. Visitors from around the world 34.________
(come) to see its ancient city walls and traditional courtyards. In recent
decades, the local government 35.________ (invest) heavily in restoration
projects. Today, the city 36.________ (recognize) as one of the best-preserved
ancient towns in China. Every year, millions of tourists 37.________ (attract)
by its unique charm. A new museum 38.________ (open) next year to showcase the
city's history. The local people 39.________ (be) proud of their heritage and
40.________ (work) hard to keep it alive for future generations.
31.________ 32.________ 33.________ 34.________ 35.________ 36.________
37.________ 38.________ 39.________ 40.________
参考答案及解析
词汇练习·题型一
1. in 2020 → E (一般过去时) 2. since 2015 → F (现在完成时) 3. at this time
yesterday → A (过去进行时) 4. by the end of last year → B (过去完成时) 5.
Look! → C (现在进行时) 6. next Friday → D (一般将来时)
词汇练习·题型二
7. is 8. was 9. know 10. has 11. is being built 12. had left
词汇练习·题型三
13. are (family 强调成员) 14. has (each of 谓语用单数) 15. is (时间作主语视为整
体) 16. is (就近原则) 17. are (police 为复数) 18. Is (either 谓语单数) 19. is
(学科名词作主语单数) 20. is (furniture 不可数)
Passage 1
21. was 22. created 23. died 24. had held 25. influence 26. said 27. have
inspired 28. have been named 29. was built 30. attracts
Passage 2
31. located 32. is 33. has preserved 34. come 35. has invested 36. is
recognized 37. are attracted 38. will be opened / is to be opened 39. are 40.
work
教学使用建议： 建议分两课时完成：第一课时完成核心知识讲解和词汇
练习；第二课时完成两篇语法填空及解析。鼓励学生整理自己的时态标志词
表和主谓一致易错点。
