专题11 名词，形容词，副词及代词
考点
分类
十年考情（2017-2026）
命题规律
考点
01 名
词
（有
提示
词变
形）
每年每套全国卷必考 1–
2 空，十年累计 30 道
真题；覆盖 2017–2026
一卷 / 二卷 / 三卷；核
心两类考法：①词性转
换（v./adj.→n.）；
②名词单复数变形；少
量名词作定语、名词所
有格
1. 词性转换高频：动词 / 形容词变抽象名词（absent→absence、
guide→guidance、arrive→arrival），靠冠词 the、物主代词、介词 of
判断需填名词；
2. 单复数判断有固定标志：several/all/plenty of/are 后用复数；a/an
后用单数；表一类物品、族群、身体部位常用复数；
3. 语境化熟词活用：favourite 作名词 “喜爱之物”、engineer 变形
engineering 作定语；
4. 语篇主题多元：民俗、熊猫保护、园林、运动、农业、航天等生
活化 / 文化类文本
考点
02 形
容词
（有
提示
词变
形）
2017–2026 全卷每年 1
题，十年共 21 道；一
卷、二卷、三卷均匀分
布；多位于定语、系动
词后表语、比较级 / 最
高级结构
1. 主
流
转
换
：
n./v.→adj.
（
function→functional
、
tradition→traditional）；
2. 比较级必考标志 than，最高级有 the/of all 限定；
3. 固定搭配专用形容词：be careful、feel sleepy；4. 名词前作定语为
核心场景，修饰人 / 事物特征；5. 后缀规律：-ful/-al/-ic/-ous 为
主，极少生僻后缀
考点
03 副
词
（有
提示
词变
形）
十年全卷稳定每年 1
空，共 16 道；2020 年
后考查频次小幅提升，
常与形容词成对考查
1. 核心考法：形容词直接 + ly 变副词修饰动词、形容词、整句；
2. 特殊变形：-ic 结尾形容词变副词加 ally（digital→digitally）；
3. 位置灵活：句首评注性状语、动词前 / 后修饰、并列结构共用副
词；
4. 标志清晰：空格修饰谓语动词、形容词、分词，必填副词；5. 高
频词：eventually、accidentally、undoubtedly、extremely
考点
04 代
词
（有
提示
词变
形）
2017–2026 间断考查，
年均 0–1 题，共 6
道；仅语法填空提示词
给出人称代词原形变形
1. 三大变形方向：反身代词 myself；形容词性物主代词 their；名词
性物主代词 mine；2. 固定搭配 give it a try、find them alive；3. 解
题标志：空格后有名词用形物代；无名词单独使用名物代；主语宾语
一致用反身代词；4. 难度偏低，属于基础送分题型，无复杂语境干
扰
一．名词
1.（2026·全国一卷·高考真题）It is also common for them to be held during traditional Chinese holidays such
as the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival, as well as other local festivals. The exact dates and
57_____________ (frequent) of daji vary from region to region.
2.（2026·全国一卷·高考真题）As transportation and communication were underdeveloped at that time, it was
very difficult for households to obtain daily 60_____________ (necessity).
3.（2026·全国二卷·高考真题）Angela, a tai chi
57
(instruct) with twenty-eight years of experience, says
that a successful hour of tai chi is an hour with no negative thoughts. “Your mind and body go together. That’s
all that matters.”
4.（2026·全国二卷·高考真题）Although not a morning person, I begin my lesson with Angela and about twenty
others at a Sydney community centre courtyard at 7 am. “Put your
59
(foot) parallel (平行), and use your
dan tian to hold up your body,” she says.
5.（2025·全国一卷·高考真题）“In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the
opponent into your trap and force them to follow your ‘____59____ (guide)’ till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a
Go player among the visitors to the exhibition.
6.（2025·全国二卷·高考真题）The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the
____
6 3____
(absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky ____
6 4____
(afternoon) with lots of fresh air.
7.（2024·全国一卷·高考真题）The latest
56
(engineer) techniques are applied to create this
protective functional structure that is also beautiful.
8.（2024·全国一卷·高考真题）These plants included modern Western
62
(favourite) such as
rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve
regions of the Silk Road.
9.（2024·全国一卷·高考真题）The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house
the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing ( 追溯) the steps along the Silk Route
which brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the
6 5
(rich) of
gardening in England.
10.（2024·全国二卷·高考真题）Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although
they could never have met, there are common ___
5 7___
(theme)in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of
research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust.
11.（2024·全国二卷·高考真题）Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international
62
(visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed to find
the connection between the two great writers.
12.（2023·全国二卷·高考真题）Since June 2017, right before the
5 6
(arrive) of the two new pandas,
Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and
confident speaking English. And who do they speak English with?
13. （2023· 全国二卷· 高考真题）They talk to the flood of international tourists and to visiting Chinese
zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. They also need to be ready to
give ___61___ (interview) in English with international journalists.
14.（2022·全国一卷·高考真题）The GPNP's main goal is to improve connectivity between separate 62
（population）and homes of giant pandas, and eventually achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
15.（2022·全国二卷·高考真题）"He saved my 64 （son）life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know how to
thank him.”
16.（2021·全国一卷·高考真题）Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song “The Long
and Winding Road”. What is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea
of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we 57 （human）are.
17.（2021·全国二卷·高考真题）I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email.
One of the biggest companies I wrote to was Alaska Airlines Paris. A company ____
6 4____
(represent) wrote
back and told me the airline was switching over from plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.
18.（2020·全国一卷·高考真题）Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe,
China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot where it could send signals to the spacecraft and
to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 64 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep
craters (环形山), more so than the familiar near side.
19.（2020·全国二卷·高考真题）Chinese New Year is a 61
(celebrate) marking the end of the winter
season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers carries special
significance.
20.（2020·全国三卷·高考真题）Filled with
64
(curious), the artist packed his bags and left. When he
asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary(传奇的) artist, they smiled and
pointed down the river.
21.（2019·全国一卷·高考真题）In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut have reported increases in bear
sightings around human settlements, leading to a 66 (believe) that populations are increasing.
22.（2019·全国三卷·高考真题）When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know
of an interesting
66
（compete）to watch，together with the story behind it.
23.（2018·全国一卷·高考真题）Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 that
showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all
67
(cause).
24.（2018·全国二卷·高考真题）Corn uses less water than rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This
switch has decreased
66
(pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water
safer for people.
25.（2018·全国三卷·高考真题）My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a 66
(science)who studies animals such
as apes and monkeys.
26.（2017·全国一卷·高考真题）This trend, which was started by the medical community （医学界） as a
method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side
62
(effect) such as overweight and
heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.
27.（2017·全国二卷·高考真题） In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in
London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible
61
(crowd) on the roads
above as they travelled to and from world.
28.（2017·全国二卷·高考真题）Later, engineers managed to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels（隧
道）, which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the ___69___ (introduce) of
electric-powered engines and lifts.
29.（2017·全国三卷·高考真题）But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove
that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her
66
(educate).
30.（2017·全国三卷·高考真题）She has turned down several
67
(invitation) to star at shows in
order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to
university to get a degree in engineering or architecture.
二．形容词
1. （2026· 全国一卷· 高考真题）Before heading home, they fill their shopping bags with fresh fruit and
vegetables from local farmers, at prices significantly 65_____________ (cheap) than those found in supermarkets.
2.（2026·全国二卷·高考真题）We move on to tai chi positions, of which there are forty-two in the style that
Angela teaches. Today, we will only be doing the first nine. The movements have
62
(describe)
names like “holding the bowl” and “grabbing the bird’s tail.”
3.（2025·全国一卷·高考真题）Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the
____63____ (strategy) placement of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to
create oil paintings, sculptures, digitally generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
4.（2025·全国二卷·高考真题）I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in
the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, where bamboo and tea bushes (灌木)
grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and ____
5 7____
(center) heating doesn’t exist.
5.（2024·全国一卷·高考真题）The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective
57
(function) structure that is also beautiful.
6. （2023· 全国一卷· 高考真题）Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate
dumpling wrappers, encasing hot,
56
(taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite
Chinese street food.
7.（2023·全国二卷·高考真题）Since June 2017, right before the arrival of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and
Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and
57
(confidence) speaking English. And who do they speak English with ?
8.（2022·全国二卷·高考真题）On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with
his father. They both fell
58
（sleep）while watching TV.
9.（2021·全国一卷·高考真题）The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the
59
（hot）the spring! Strange, isn’t it?
10.（2021·全国二卷·高考真题）One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were
using plastic straws （吸管）. I found the contact information of the company and emailed its president. I told
him how
61
(harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-
friendly options.
11.（2020·全国二卷·高考真题）Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The 69 (beauty) long branches
covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.
12.（2020·全国三卷·高考真题）One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait(画像) done so he called all great
artists to come and present their 62 (fine) work, so that he could choose the best.
13.（2019·全国一卷·高考真题）Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating(聚
集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion( 错觉) that populations are 68
(high) than they
actually are.
14.（2019·全国二卷·高考真题）Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31 — who works alongside her in the family
business — said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said, "We don't have any idea
who put grandma forward. When we got a call saying she was short-listed, we thought it was a joke. But then we
got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's 70
(wonder）.”
15.（2019·全国三卷·高考真题）When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know
of an interesting competition to watch，together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many 67
（tradition）stories about Hawaii that were hugely popular with tourists.
15. （2018·全国一卷·高考真题）According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years
61
(long) than non-runners.
16. （2018·全国一卷·高考真题）To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to strengthen
your leg muscles (肌肉)，avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always
69
(energy).
18.（2018·全国二卷·高考真题）According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total
67
(globe) fertilizer consumption.
19.（2018·全国三卷·高考真题）Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at the
top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the
63
(loud) of all.
20.（2017·全国一卷·高考真题）Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心)
between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be
69
(care) not to go to extremes.
Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, which is not good for the health.
21.（2017·全国二卷·高考真题）The central London Railway was one of the most
70
(success) of
these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved
extremely popular with the public.
三．副词
1.（2026·全国二卷·高考真题）For the first 15 minutes of my tai chi (太极) class, we remain
56
(entire) in one spot to warm up.
2.（2025·全国一卷·高考真题）Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the
strategic placement of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings,
sculptures, ____65____ (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
3.（2023·全国一卷·高考真题）No matter where I buy them, one steamer is ____64____ (rare) enough, yet two
seems greedy, so I am always left wanting more next time.
4.（2023·全国二卷·高考真题）So, what are they learning? ___63___ (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. It’s
been an honor to watch the panda programme develop ___64___ to see the pandas settle into their new home.
5.（2022·全国一卷·高考真题）The GPNP's main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations
and homes of giant pandas, and 63 （eventual）achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
6.（2022·全国二卷·高考真题）When he looked down, he
60
（accidental ）slipped and fell over the
edge. He hung on for a few minutes and screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him.
7.（2021·全国一卷·高考真题）The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the
climb. It will 58
（undoubted）help you get refreshed!
8.（2020·全国一卷·高考真题）Landing on the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging. Because the
moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the
moon in a spot where it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.
9.（2020·全国二卷·高考真题）Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often
in their homes and offices. 66 (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are
associated with health, abundance and a happy home.
10.（2020·全国三卷·高考真题）As the small boat moved 68
(gentle) along the river he was left speechless
by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.
11.（2019·全国一卷·高考真题） It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the
range has been 62 (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears
worldwide.
12. （2019· 全国二卷· 高考真题）Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in
Macclesfield, which she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have 63
（final）
been acknowledged after a customer nominated（提名）her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
13.（2019·全国三卷·高考真题）On our way to the house，it was raining 61 hard that we couldn't help
wondering how long it would take to get there.
14.（2019·全国三卷·高考真题）When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know
of an interesting competition to watch ，together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many
traditional stories about Hawaii that were 68
（huge）popular with tourists.
15.（2018·全国二卷·高考真题）A taste for meat is 63
(actual) behind the change: An important part of its
corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.
16.（2017·全国二卷·高考真题） Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have been
66
(fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.
17.（2017·全国三卷·高考真题） I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is
70
(certain)
fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don’t want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can’t model any
more.”
四．代词
1.（2025·全国二卷·高考真题） Over time, I’ve found
60
(I) feeling extremely at home here. And
in the process, I’ve experienced things that really surprise me at times.
2.（2023·全国一卷·高考真题） Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to be
lifted out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of ____62____ (they) contents.
3.（2021·全国一卷·高考真题）As the song goes, this long and winding road "will never disappear", and it will
always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in 64 （I）. While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is a
must to visit!
4.（2018·全国一卷·高考真题） Running is cheap, easy and it’s always energetic. If you are time poor, you need
run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70
a try.
5.（2018·全国三卷·高考真题）When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find 68
(they) alive. True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal meant me no real harm.
6.（2017·全国二卷·高考真题） Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly
unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great
success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using
67
every day.
