第24 讲 定语从句
目录
01 课标达标练
考向01 考查关系代词
考向02 考查关系副词
考向03 考查介词+关系代词
考向04 考查定语从句中的主谓一致
02 核心突破练
03 真题溯源练
考向01 考查关系代词
在空白处填入适当的单词。
1.(2025·江苏常州·一模)Have you heard of the term Start of Winter? There are things you may not know about
it. Start of Winter is the first one of 24 Solar terms, among it means winter is coming and crops
harvested in autumn should be stored up.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:立冬是24 节气中的第一个节气,这意味着冬天即将来临,秋天收获的庄
稼应该储存起来。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是“24 Solar terms”,在介词 “among”后作宾
语,关系代词要用“which”,故填which。
2.(24-25 高三下·江苏盐城·阶段练习)Congratulations to China and all Asian athletes on your inspiring
Olympic success, achievements have not only redefined the limits of human potential but have also
made a new era for Asia on the world stage.
【答案】whose
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:祝贺中国和所有亚洲运动员取得鼓舞人心的奥运成功,你们的成就不仅重
新定义了人类潜力的极限,也在世界舞台上开启了亚洲的新时代。空处引导非限制定语从句,先行词是
China and all Asian athletes,在定语从句中作achievements 的定语,用 whose 引导定语从句,故填whose。
3.(24-25 高三下·江苏苏州·阶段练习)Don’t miss the very visual feast challenges people’s fixed
images of animated films.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:不要错过这场挑战人们对动画电影固定印象的视觉盛宴。此处引导限制性
定语从句修饰visual feast,且在从句中作主语,故用that 或which。故填that/which。
4.(2025·重庆·一模)Among the students is 66-year-old Ray Magri, has been studying Chinese for
five years, driven by his passion for Chinese culture.
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:学生中有66 岁的Ray Magri,由于对中国文化的热爱,他已经学习中文五
年了。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少主语,先行词Ray Magri 是人,因此空格处用关系
代词who,故填who。
5.(24-25 高三上·江苏扬州·开学考试) Furong Cave, as marvelous as the other sights, is the only cave in China
was listed in the World Natural Heritage List.
【答案】that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:芙蓉洞与其他景点一样神奇,是中国唯一一个被列入世界自然遗产名录的
洞穴。此处引导定语从句,先行词为the only cave,指物,从句中缺少主语,故应用that 引导,故填that。
6.(2025·山西·模拟)More than 300 participants were from international organizations, research
institutes, universities and enterprises came together at the 6th International Agricultural Research Conference in
Beijing on December 15,2022 to exchange ideas on how to make a contribution to global food security, calling for
more international cooperation in agriculture.
【答案】who/that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:2022 年12 月15 日,来自国际组织、研究机构、大学和企业的300 多名代
表齐聚北京,就如何为全球粮食安全做出贡献交换意见,呼吁加强农业领域的国际合作。根据所给句子分
析可知,此处需要使用关系代词引导定语从句,修饰先行词participants。先行词在从句中作主语,指人,
因此可使用关系代词who/that,故填who/that。
7.(2025·江苏·模拟预测)Other factors might make it more challenging for people to make friends
include having social anxiety disorder, preferring to stay alone, or not knowing where to look for new friends.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:其他可能使人们更难交朋友的因素包括患有社交焦虑症、喜欢独处或不知
道去哪里寻找新朋友。本空引导定语从句,修饰先行词factors,且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语,指
物,用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。
8.(24-25 高三上·山东潍坊·开学考试)It's very important for us British to be in Bath in this afternoon,
is the best and most elegant afternoon tea destination,”said Dianne Francombe, CEO of the Bristol and West of
England China Bureau.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:今天下午,我们英国人来到巴斯,这是最重要、最优雅的下午茶目的地。此
处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词Bath,指物,应填which,作定语从句的主语,故填which。
9.(2025·河北·模拟预测)The Shenzhou XVII astronauts, are the sixth crew to inhabit the Tiangong
space station, arrived at the enormous flying outpost on Oct. 26, 2023 to take over from their peers ( 同行) in the
Shenzhou XVI mission.
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:10 月26 日,神舟17 号的宇航员接替神舟16 号的任务,他们是第6 批居住
在天宫空间站的宇航员,抵达这个巨大的飞行前哨。分析句子可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词
是The Shenzhou XVII astronauts,指人,关系词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词who 引导,故填who。
10.(24-25 高三上·辽宁大连·期末)In 2024, China’s museums are witnessing a remarkable revival, drawing
crowds of visitors and transforming into the most renowned cultural centers combine learning with
enjoyment and relaxation.
【答案】that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:2024 年,中国的博物馆将迎来一场引人注目的复兴,吸引着大批游客,成
为集学习与娱乐休闲于一体的最著名的文化中心。空处引导定语从句,先行词是cultural centers,在从句中
作主语,先行词前有最高级修饰,只能用that 引导。故填that。
考向02 考查关系副词
在空白处填入适当的单词。
1. (24-25· 江苏南通· 阶段练习)Working with tourism companies from Guilin, they transformed their
surroundings into a terraced (梯田) landscape tourists were delighted in all seasons and profited from its
development.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:通过与桂林的旅游公司合作,他们将周边环境改造成了一片梯田景观,游
客们一年四季都能在此处玩得开心,并且还能从梯田景观的发展中获益。本空引导非限制性定语从句,先
行词是a terraced (梯田) landscape,关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where 引导。故
填where。
2.(2024·湖南长沙·模拟) Alibaba’s Hema Fresh Store, customers can shop, dine and order goods for
delivery from their mobile phones via Alipay, has come into the spotlight recently. Media reports say that
consumers can’t purchase goods with cash there, which would be considered illegal.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:阿里巴巴的“盒马鲜生店”最近备受关注,顾客可以通过支付宝手机购
物、用餐和订购外卖。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Alibaba’s Hema Fresh Store,先行词在从句中
作地点状语,故用关系副词where 引导。故填where。
3. (24-25 高三下· 河北保定· 开学考试)The specialties include “fish cake”, ciba and wild lotus root,
awakening my nostalgia (思念) for the place I grew up, as well as a strong sense of missing loved ones
back in my old hometown. So long as that feeling does not wane, never would nianwei.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:这里的特色菜有“鱼饼”、糍粑和野莲藕,唤起了我对家乡的怀念,也唤
起了我对故乡亲人的强烈思念。此处需要使用关系词引导定语从句,先行词为place,先行词在从句中作地
点状语,因此需要使用关系副词where。故填where。
4.(2025·江苏泰州·一模)For instance, the annual sports meeting is filled with thrills,_______ students can
show their athletic abilities. Cultural festivals also offer a platform for them to display their talents in art, music,
and so on.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:例如,年度运动会充满了刺激,学生们可以在此展示他们的运动能力。此
处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句,从句中不缺主语和宾语,所以此处使用关系副词,先行词sports
meeting 为抽象地点名词,所以此处使用关系副词where。故填where。
5.(24-25 高三下·浙江宁波·阶段练习)Since 2015, Li has started posting short videos on Sina Weibo,
she, often dressed in graceful traditional garments, rises at sunrise, rests at sunset, plants seeds, harvests flowers,
cooks Chinese dishes and crafts bamboo furniture.
【答案】 where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:自2015 年以来,李开始在新浪微博上发布短视频,在视频中,她经常穿
着优雅的传统服装,日出而起,日落而眠,播种,收割,烹饪中国菜和制作竹家具。空处引导非限制性定
语从句,先行词是short videos,关系词在从句中作地点状语,使用关系副词where 引导,故填where。
6.(2025·江西南昌·一模)There will be a phase exercising harder won't give you any extra years and
may actually start doing damage to your body instead.
【答案】when
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:会有一个阶段,更努力的锻炼不会让你多活几年,反而可能开始损害你的
身体。设空处引导限制性定语从句,先行词是phase,关系词在从句中作时间状语,用关系副词when 引导
定语从句。故填when。
7.(24-25 高三上·安徽合肥·阶段练习)In her eighties, Fan Jinshi is working hard, tirelessly devoted to
conserving and managing the caves. She hopes that young people will carry on the “Mogao Spirit” and build a
better Dunhuang Academy, she spent her lifetime.
【答案】 where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:她希望年轻一代可以发扬“莫高精神”,开创一个更好的敦煌研究院,这
是她一生辛勤耕耘的地方。本句为定语从句,定语从句中缺少地点状语,应用where 引导限制性定语从句
指代先行词Dunhuang Academy。故填where。
8.(24-25 高三上·福建莆田·期末)Every October, it is the harvest season for pomelo, a time merchants
flock to Duli Town to purchase the fruit.
【答案】when
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:每年10 月,是柚子的收获季节,商人们蜂拥到度尾镇购买柚子。此处为
限定性定语从句,先行词是time,指的是时间,关系词在从句中作时间状语,应用关系副词when 引导。
故填when。
9.(2025·山东济南·一模)Hotpot, a typical Chinese dish, has taken centre stage in London, described as an
“adventure” locals could enjoy genuine Sichuan cuisine and unfamiliar cultural experiences.
【答案】where
【解析】考查关系副词。句意:火锅,一道典型的中国菜,在伦敦占据了中心舞台,被描述为当地人可以
享受正宗四川菜和陌生文化体验的“冒险”。空格处引导定语从句,修饰先行词adventure,且在定语从句
中作地点状语,用关系副词where 引导该从句。故填where。
10. The English language was settled by the 19th century two big changes in English happened.
【答案】when
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:英语在19 世纪得以定型,而也就是在这个时期,英语发生了两大变化。
空处引导限制性定语从句,先行词为 the 19th century,在从句中作时间状语,所以应用关系副词when 引
导。故填when。
考向03 考查介词+关系代词
在空白处填入适当的单词。
1.(24-25 高三下·湖南长沙·阶段练习)The Olympic Council of Asia has appointed 151 international technical
officials, many of have extensive experience from the Beijing Winter Olympics and other major events.
【答案】whom
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:亚洲奥林匹克理事会已任命了151 名国际技术官员,其中许多人拥有丰富
的北京冬奥会及其他大型赛事经验。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词151 international technical
officials,指人,在定语从句中作介词of 的宾语,需用关系代词whom 引导。故填whom。
2.(24-25 高三下·湖南长沙·阶段练习)This innovation not only aids mountain climbing but also highlights
potential applications in elderly care, a growing market in China, in the population of seniors is rapidly
increasing.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句连接词。句意:这项创新不仅有助于登山,而且突出了在老年人护理方面的潜在应
用,这是中国一个不断增长的市场,中国的老年人人口正在迅速增加。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,关
系词指代先行词China 在从句中作介词in 的宾语,需用which 引导定语从句。故填which。
3.The author whom all of us are familiar will visit our company.
【答案】with
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:我们都熟悉的作家将访问我们公司。分析句子可知,句子为“介词+关系
代词”引导的限制性定语从句,先行词为“author”,指人,“be familiar with…”意为“熟悉……”,关系
代词“whom”作“with”的宾语,故空格处应用介词“with”。故填with。
4.Scientists are still trying to determine the extent which climate change will impact coastal
communities in the next decade.
【答案】to
【解析】考查介词。句意:科学家们仍在试图确定气候变化在未来十年对沿海社区的影响程度。本空考查
介词+which 引导的限制性定语从句,to some extent“在某种程度上”,which 指代先行词extend,故空处应
填介词to 与其搭配。故填to。
5.The device through we can control our home appliances remotely is quiet convenient.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:我们可以远程控制家用电器的设备非常方便。此处为介词+关系代词结构
的限定性定语从句,修饰先行词device,作介词的宾语,指物,应用关系代词which 引导。故填which。
6.Close friends are those who you can really depend on and with you have the deepest
relationships.
【答案】whom
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:亲密的朋友是那些你真正可以依靠的人,和你关系最深的人。分析句子可
知,这是一个“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。先行词是“those”,指代“close friends”(亲密的朋
友),在定语从句“with __________ you have the deepest relationships”中,关系代词作介词“with”的宾
语,且先行词指人,所以要用“whom”。故填whom。
7.Although the game’s huge success in China is partly because people there know the story of Journey to the
West, the fact that it has also caught the interest of international audiences, many of lack this cultural
background, suggests that Black Myth is on the right path.
【答案】whom
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:尽管这款游戏在中国取得巨大成功的部分原因是人们知道《西游记》的故
事,但它也引起了许多缺乏这种文化背景的国际观众的兴趣,这表明《黑神话》走在了正确的道路上。
many of ____引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是international audiences,指人,在定语从句中作介词of 的宾
语,应用关系代词whom。故填whom。
8.There are many mysteries about dinosaurs for we long to find explanations.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意: 关于恐龙有许多谜团,我们渴望找到这些谜团的解释。分析句子结构可
知,设空处引导限制性定语从句,先行词为mysteries,指物, 关系词在定语从句中作介词for 的宾语,应用
which 引导该从句。故填which。
9.Are you clear about the reason which the experiments failed so many times?
【答案】for
【详解】考查介词。句意:你清楚实验失败这么多次的原因吗?空处引导定语从句,reason 后为“介词
+which”引导的定语从句,for...reason 意为“出于……原因”,为常用搭配。故填for。
10.This is an adventure novel which you may explore splendid description of natural adventures.
【答案】in
【解析】考查介词。句意:这是一本探险小说,在这本书中你可以读到对自然探险的精彩描述。设空处应
填介词,与which 构成“介词 + 关系代词”结构引导定语从句,修饰先行词“an adventure novel”,“在
小说中”用介词in。故填in。
11.This provides information which to base future marketing strategies.
【答案】on
【解析】考考查介词。句意:这提供了信息,基于此(信息)可以制定未来的营销策略。 动词 base 的固
定搭配为 base A on B(将A 建立在B 的基础上);此处which 指代先行词information,在 “介词 + 关系
代词 + 不定式” 结构中作介词 on 的宾语;该结构是完整定语从句on which (we can) base future marketing
strategies 的省略形式。故填 on。
12.Peter with sister I share a room in the university, has a good knowledge of computer programming.
【答案】whose
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:在大学里,我和彼得的姐姐共用一个房间,彼得精通计算机编程。设空处
引导定语从句,先行词为Peter,指人,在从句中作定语,修饰名词sister,和sister 之间是所属关系,表示
“……的”,应用关系代词whose 引导该从句。故填whose。
考向04 考查定语从句中的主谓一致
在空白处填入适当的单词。
1. Those who _________ (work) hard will succeed.
【答案】work
【解析】 先行词是“Those”(“那些人”,复数),关系代词“who”指代“Those”,在从句中作主
语,所以谓语动词用复数形式“work”。句意:那些努力工作的人将会成功。
2. The quality of the products are poor.
【答案】are 改为is
【解析】主语是“The quality”(质量,单数),“of the products”只是修饰“quality”的介词短语,真
正的主语是单数名词“quality”,所以谓语动词应该用单数“is”。句意:这些产品的质量很差。
3. The singer and dancer ____ invited to the party.
A. were B. have been C. was D. has been
【答案】C.
【解析】“The singer and dancer”共用一個定冠詞“The”,表示“歌唱家兼舞蹈家”(同一個人,双重
身份),是单数概念,所以谓语动词用单数“was”。(如果是“The singer and the dancer”,则指两个
人,谓语用复数“were”)。句意:那位歌唱家兼舞蹈家被邀请参加了聚会。
4. He is one of the most diligent students that I _________ (have) ever taught.
【答案】have
【解析】先行词是“students”(复数),关系代词“that”指代“students”,在从句中作宾语。从句的主
语是“I”,谓语动词“have”不受“that”指代内容的影响,只需与主语“I”保持一致即可。句意:他是
我教过的最勤奋的学生之一。
5. All that can be done __________.
A. have been done B. has been done C. have done D. has done
【答案】B
【解析】 主语是“All”(“所有事情”,抽象概念,通常视为单数),关系代词“that”引导定语从句修
饰“All”。“that can be done”是修饰主语的从句,主句的谓语动词“has been done”需要和主语
“All”保持一致,用单数形式。句意:所有能做的都已经做了。
6. The number of people who ____ cars ____ increasing.
A. own; are B. owns; is C. own; is D. owns; are
【答案】C
【解析】这是一个复合句。第一个空在定语从句中,关系代词“who”指代先行词“people”(复数),所
以从句谓语用复数“own”。第二个空是主句的谓语,主语是“The number”(“数量”,单数),所以
谓语动词要用单数“is”。句意:拥有汽车的人数正在增加。
题型 语篇填空
Passage1 (2025 年辽宁省沈阳市东北育才学校高三试题)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yingge dance performances are inspired by the story of The Water Margin, one of China’s Four Great
Classical Novels. Set during the Song Dynasty (960–1279), the novel tells the story of 108 characters 1
gather and live at the Liangshan Marsh in east China.
Each of these 108 characters has a different personality and set of skills, and their stories 2 (know)
widely throughout China. The choreography (编舞) of the Yingge dance 3 (draw) from these familiar tales,
using the dancers’ movements, costumes and facial makeup 4 (express) the differences in spirit of the
characters.
With something of martial arts, the dance is often referred to 5 the “Chinese battle dance.”
According to Zheng Cheng, 6 associate professor at Jieyang Polytechnic in Guangdong, the art form not
only shows an unstoppable force but also represents the essence of masculinity (阳刚之气). 7 (typical), the
lead dancer plays Shi Qian, a character from the novel famous for his wisdom.
“Yingge dance has the lead dancer carrying a cloth snake as the snake stands for 8 (flexible) and
wisdom, lending the dance a sense of deep 9 (culture) significance,” Zheng said. “Holding a cloth snake,
the lead dancer copies the snake’ s flowing movements, 10 (wind) his way through the dance troupe (剧
团). His graceful steps and gestures guide the team’s direction, rhythm and formation, making the performance
orderly and eye-catching.”
【答案】
1.who/that 2.are known 3.draws 4.to express 5.as 6.an 7.Typically 8.
flexibility 9.cultural 10.winding
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英歌舞表演,其灵感来源于中国四大古典名著之一的《水浒
传》,讲述了英歌舞的编舞来源、艺术形式以及领舞者的角色和象征意义等内容。
1.考查定语从句。句意:这部小说以宋朝 (960 - 1279 年) 为背景,讲述了108 位好汉在山东梁山泊聚义
的故事。此处为限制性定语从句修饰先行词108 characters,先行词在从句中作主语,指人,所以用关系代
词who 或that 引导。故填who/that。
2.考查动词时态和语态。句意:这108 位好汉每个人都有不同的性格和一套技能,他们的故事在中国广
为人知。此处陈述客观事实,用一般现在时,主语their stories 和know 为被动关系,所以用一般现在时的
被动语态,主语为复数,谓语动词用复数形式。故填are known。
3.考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:英歌舞的编舞灵感来源于这些熟悉的故事,通过舞者的动作、服装
和面部妆容来表达人物精神的差异。此处陈述客观事实,用一般现在时,主语The choreography 为单数,
谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填draws。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意:英歌舞的编舞灵感来源于这些熟悉的故事,通过舞者的动作、服装和面部妆
容来表达人物精神的差异。此处用动词不定式作目的状语,表示“为了表达”。故填to express。
5.考查介词。句意:由于带有武术的元素,这种舞蹈常被称为“中国战舞”。be referred to as 为固定短
语,意为“被称为”。故填as。
6.考查冠词。句意:据广东揭阳职业技术学院副教授郑城介绍,这种艺术形式不仅展现出一种不可阻挡
的力量,还代表了阳刚之气的精髓。此处泛指“一位副教授”,associate 发音以元音音素开头,用不定冠
词an。故填an。
7.考查副词。句意:通常,领舞者扮演的是小说中以智慧著称的石迁。此处用副词作状语,修饰整个句
子,句首单词首字母要大写。故填Typically。
8.考查名词。句意:“英歌舞中领舞者手持一条布蛇,因为蛇象征着灵活和智慧,为舞蹈增添了深厚的
文化意义,”郑说。此处作介词for 的宾语,应用名词flexibility,意为“灵活”,不可数名词。故填
flexibility。
9.考查形容词。句意:“英歌舞中领舞者手持一条布蛇,因为蛇象征着灵活和智慧,为舞蹈增添了深厚
的文化意义,”郑说。此处修饰名词significance,应用形容词cultural,意为“文化的”。故填cultural。
10.考查非谓语动词。句意:领舞者手持一条布蛇,模仿蛇的流动动作,在舞团中蜿蜒前行。空处为非谓
语动词,动词wind 与逻辑主语the lead dancer 为主动关系,用现在分词作状语。故填winding。
Passage 2 (浙江省宁波市鄞州中学2025 年高三适应性试卷)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Paper is important. Almost everyone in the world uses paper on a daily basis. Now, a new company in
Ukraine, Releaf Paper, has found a way to make paper more 11 ( friend) to the environment—it uses
leaves instead of tree pulp and wood to make paper.
Cities from around Europe send 12 (waste) leaf litter from their streets to Releaf Paper. Then,
using a series of mechanical and chemical 13 (process), the company is able to create one ton of
cellulose (纤维素) 14 two point three tons of leaves. The material 15 is left over called lignin
(木质素) and then is sent back to the cities 16 (use) as a sort of fertilizer.
According to ZME Science, the process/sends out nearly 78 percent 17 (few) greenhouse gasses
than the traditional paper producing model. In addition, regular paper needs about 270 days to decompose while
paper made of leaves only 18 ( take) about 30 days.
“Really, it’s a good solution because we are keeping the balance—we get fiber for making paper 19
return lignin for the cities to fertilize the gardens or trees. This is what we call it a win-win model,”said Valentyn
Frechka, the founder of Releaf Paper. The hope is that in the coming years, the model will be able to expand to
other countries worldwide, 20 (help) people deal with paper pollution.
【答案】
11.friendly 12.wasted 13.processes 14.from 15.that/which 16.to be used 17.
fewer 18.takes 19.and 20.helping
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了一家乌克兰公司利用落叶代替木浆生产环保纸张的创新方
法,并阐述了其环保优势和循环经济模式。
11.考查形容词。句意:如今,乌克兰一家名为Releaf Paper 的新公司找到了一种让纸张更环保的方法
——它用树叶代替木浆和木材来造纸。空处为形容词形式担当宾语补足语,意为“对环境友好的”。故填
friendly。
12.考查非谓语动词。句意:欧洲各地的城市会将街道上的落叶废料送往Releaf Paper 公司。空处为非谓
语动词形式担当定语,意为“废弃的”,用过去分词形式。故填wasted。
13.考查名词的数。句意:之后,该公司通过一系列机械和化学处理流程,能从2.3 吨树叶中提取出1 吨
纤维素。空处为名词形式担当宾语;根据“a series of”可知,空处为名词的复数形式。故填processes。
14.考查介词。句意:之后,该公司通过一系列机械和化学处理流程,能从2.3 吨树叶中提取出1 吨纤维
素。空处为介词形式,意为“从……中”,用介词“from”。故填from。
15.考查定语从句。句意:剩余的物质被称为木质素,会被送回这些城市,用作一种肥料。空处为定语从
句的关系词;先行词“The material”在定语从句中担当主语,用关系代词which 或that 引导。故填which 或
that。
16.考查非谓语动词。句意:剩余的物质被称为木质素,会被送回这些城市,用作一种肥料。空处为非谓
语动词形式担当目的状语,用动词不定式形式,且存在被动关系,表示“被用作”,故填to be used。
17.考查形容词比较级。句意:据《ZME 科学》报道,这种工艺比传统的造纸模式少排放近78%的温室
气体。空处为修饰名词用形容词形式;根据下文的than 可知,空处为形容词比较级形式。故填fewer。
18.考查谓语动词。句意:此外,普通纸张大约需要270 天才能分解,而用树叶制成的纸张只需约30 天。
空处为从句谓语动词;根据主句时态可知,从句时态为一般现在时;主语为paper,和动词take 之间为主
动关系。故填takes。
19.考查连词。句意:Releaf Paper 公司的创始人Valentyn Frechka 表示:“说真的,这是一个很好的解决
方案,因为我们保持了平衡 —— 我们获取造纸所需的纤维,同时将木质素返还给城市,用于给花园或树
木施肥。这就是我们所说的双赢模式” 。空前“get fiber for making paper”和空后“return lignin for the
cities to fertilize the gardens or trees”之间为并列关系,用并列连词and 连接。故填and。
20.考查非谓语动词。句意:人们希望在未来几年里,这种模式能够推广到世界其他国家,帮助人们解决
纸张污染问题。空处为非谓语动词形式担当结果状语,表示主句一句话所产生的自然而然的结果,用现在
分词形式。故填helping。
Passage 3(浙江省宁波十校2025 年高三试题)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Li Ziqi, one of the most popular 21 (influence) in China, made a dramatic return to social media after
a three-year hiatus, capturing the 22 (world) attention from home and abroad.
Li shared two videos Tuesday afternoon across Chinese and international social media platforms. The first
video showcases her months of meticulous efforts 23 (restore) her grandmother’s wardrobe using traditional
Chinese lacquerware (漆器) techniques, 24 intangible cultural heritage. In the second video, she transforms
a woodshed 25 a charming woodland cloakroom.
Her return quickly became a top trending topic on various platforms. By Wednesday morning, her
lacquerware video 26 (accumulate) 120 million views on Sina Weibo and more than 4 million views on
YouTube.
Since 2015, Li has started posting short videos on Sina Weibo, 27 she, often dressed in graceful
traditional garments, rises at sunrise, rests at sunset, plants seeds, harvests flowers, 28 (cook) Chinese dishes
and crafts bamboo furniture.
Her poetic and 29 (art) presentation of village life, coupled with warm interactions with her
grandmother went viral, 30 (earn) her a large following. Even during her absence, the number of her fans
grew, many of whom asked for her return. She now has a remarkable 20.1 million subscribers on YouTube.
【答案】
21.influencers 22.world’s 23.to restore 24.an 25.into 26.had accumulated
27.where 28.cooks 29.artistic 30.earning
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍中国最受欢迎的网红之一李子柒在阔别三年后回归社交媒体,吸
引了国内外的关注。
21.考查名词复数。句意:李子柒,中国最受欢迎的网红之一,在阔别三年后戏剧性地回归社交媒体,吸
引了国内外的关注。one of 后接名词复数,表示“……之一”,故填influencers。
22.考查名词所有格。句意:同上。空处修饰名词attention,应用名词所有格,故填world’s。
23.考查非谓语动词。句意:第一个视频展示了她几个月来用中国传统漆器技术(一种非物质文化遗产)
精心修复祖母衣柜的过程。efforts 后使用动词不定式作定语,故填to restore。
24.考查冠词。句意:同上。此处泛指“一种非物质文化遗产”,应用不定冠词修饰,intangible 是以元音
音素开头,故填an。
25.考查介词。句意:在第二个视频中,她把一个木棚变成了一个迷人的林地衣帽间。transform…
into…“把……变成……”,故填into。
26.考查动词时态。句意:截至周三上午,她的漆器视频在新浪微博上的播放量已达1.2 亿次,在
YouTube 上的播放量已超过400 万次。根据时间状语“By Wednesday morning”可知,此处表示到过去某个
时间以前一句完成的动作,使用过去完成时,故填had accumulated。
27.考查定语从句。句意:自2015 年以来,李开始在新浪微博上发布短视频,在视频中,她经常穿着优
雅的传统服装,日出而起,日落而眠,播种,收割,烹饪中国菜和制作竹家具。空处引导非限制性定语从
句,先行词是short videos,关系词在从句中作地点状语,使用关系副词where 引导,故填where。
28.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:同上。空处和rises、rests、plants 和harvests 并列,使用动词三单形
式,故填cooks。
29.考查形容词。句意:她对乡村生活的诗意和艺术表现,加上与祖母的热情互动,在网上疯传,为她赢
得了大批粉丝。空处修饰名词presentation,应填形容词artistic,作定语,故填artistic。
30.考查非谓语动词。句意:同上。earn 的逻辑主语是前面的句子,两者之间是主动关系,使用现在分
词,作状语,故填earning。
1.(2025 年新高考II 卷)Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his
family,_________bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and
central heating doesn’t exist.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:然而现在,我和我的中国丈夫和他的家人住在中国浙江的农村,在那里山
上野生竹子和茶树丛生,鸡总是自由放养的,而且没有集中供暖。本空引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行
词the countryside of Zhejiang,China,关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where 引导。
故填where。
2.(2023 年天津3 月卷)Kenny still remembers the class discussion ________the teacher asked students to share
what they wanted to be when they grew up.
A.why
B.which
C.that
D.where
【答案】D
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:Kenny 仍然记得课堂上的讨论,老师要求学生们分享他们长大后想成为什
么样的人。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词the class discussion。先行词在定语从句中
作地点状语,意为“在课堂讨论中”,是“模糊地点”,所以用关系副词where 引导定语从句。故选D。
3.(2023 年全国甲卷)“There was once a town in the heart of America, _________ all life seemed to enjoy
peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old
fables.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:“从前,在美国的中心地带有一个小镇,那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的
环境一起享受着和平的生活,”她的寓言是这样开头的,借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先
行词为town,在非限定性定语从句作地点状语,所以用关系副词where 引导。故填where。
4.(2023 年全国乙卷)But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place welcomes the fast-paced
development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings
of the past.
【答案】which/that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:但是,除了古建筑,北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方,21 世
纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。这里为定语从句的关系代词,先行词为“a place”,在定语从句中担
当主语,所以用关系代词which 或that 引导。故填which/that。
5. (2022 年新课标I 卷)The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species
___________live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
【答案】 that
【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意:该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range 的所有物种提供更有力的保
护,并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。设空处为关系词引导限制性定语从句,先行词等于关系词,设空
处在从句中作指物的主语,先行词为species,且先行词前为all 修饰,只能用关系代词that。故填that。
6.(2022 年浙江1 月卷)Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a
small but growing minority of academics ___________ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate
change.
【答案】that/who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:亚特兰大佐治亚科技研究院的教授Kim Cobb 是一个少数但是不断增加的
少数学者中的一员,因为气候变化,他们正在削减他们的飞机旅行。名词academics 后为定语从句且在从
句中作主语,应使用关系代词替代,故填that/who。
7.(2022 年全国甲卷)On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ___________ lost his eyesight
at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province.
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:在1100 公里的旅程中,8 岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省
的40 个城市和县。分析句子结合句意可知,此处是非限定性定语从句,先行词为Cao Shengkang,指人,
在从句中作主语,应用关系代词who 引导。故填who。
8.(2021 年天津卷)At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands _________ artists demonstrate their
skills and teach the visitors.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:在中国艺术节上有不同的展台,在那里艺术家可以展示他们的技巧并教给
参观者。分析句子成分可知,stands 作先行词,空格后的句子为定语从句来修饰stands ,从句中不缺主宾
表,故选关系副词,先行词stands 在从句中作地点状语,所以应用where。
9.(2021 年新课标II 卷)I decided that if I learned of a company ___________used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an
email urging it to cut back.
【答案】which 或that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:我决定,如果我知道有哪家公司大量使用塑料,我就给它发邮件,敦促它
减少使用塑料。分析句子结构,_________ used a lot of plastic 是一个定语从句,修饰先行词a company,
关系词在从句中作主语,指物,用which 或that 引导该从句,所以填which 或that。
10.(2021 年北京卷)When you sleep, your brain sorts through everything ___________ happened during the
day, trying to link new experiences to old memories.
【答案】 that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:当你睡觉时,你的大脑会整理白天发生的一切,试图将新经历与旧记忆联
系起来。分析句子结构可知,空处需用连接词引导定语从句,先行词是不定代词everything,关系词在定
语从句中作主语,所以此处需用关系代词that 引导定语从句。故填that。
11. (2021 年浙江1 月卷)BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool ___________ gives an
indication of whether someone is a healthy weight.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。根据句意和句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,并在定语从句中作主语,而先行
词tool 为物,故此处要填关系代词that 或which。
12.(2020 年新课标卷)The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed the core collection
of the British Museum __________ opened in 1759.
【答案】which/that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:例如,汉斯•斯隆爵士的8 万件藏品构成了1759 年开馆的大英博物馆的核心
藏品。此处是限定性定语从句,先行词是the British Museum,关系词在从句中做主语,应使用关系代词
which/that 引导。故填which/that。
13.(2020 年全国I 卷)Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had
to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot __________ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.
【答案】where
【解析】句意:中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点,人造卫星可以在这个点向航天器
和地球发射信号。分析句子可知,空处引导一个定语从句,先行词是a spot,关系词替代先行词在从句中
作地点状语,应用where 引导。故填where。
14.(2020 年江苏卷)If you look at all sides of the situation, you’ll find probably a solution that ___________
everyone.
【答案】suits
【解析】考查定语从句动词时态。句意:如果你从各个方面看问题,你可能会找到一个适合每个人 解决
方案。句子描述的客观事实,应使用一般现在时;此处是定语从句谓语动词,先行词是a solution,从句谓
语动词应使用第三人称单数形式。
15.(2020 年天津卷)Dr. Rowan, __________ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own
typing.
【答案】whose
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:罗文博士的秘书两周前辞职了,他现在只能自己打字。______ secretary
resigned two weeks ago 是非限制性定语从句,修饰Dr. Rowan,引导词在从句中作定语,表示“Dr. Rowan’s
”,表示“……的” ,应用关系代词whose 引导该从句,故填whose。
16.(2020 年江苏卷)Many lessons are now available online, from ___________students can choose for free.
【答案】 which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:许多课程现在都可以在网上找到,学生们可以从中免费选择。此处是非限
定性定语从句,先行词是many lessons,关系词在从句中做介词from 的宾语,应使用关系代词which 引导。