热点01 香港火灾救援
【背景速递】
2025 年11 月26 日14 时51 分，中国香港大埔区宏福苑发生火灾，火警于下午6 时22 分升为五级。香
港特区对大火极度关注，已即时启动紧急事故监察及支援中心，并指示部门全力做好灭火救援救治工作。
29 日至12 月1 日，香港所有政府建筑物及设施的国旗及区旗下半旗致哀。
【原文欣赏】
Hong Kong firefighters found dozens more bodies Friday in an intensive apartment-by-apartment search of a
high-rise complex where a massive fire engulfed seven buildings, and authorities arrested another eight people
involved in the towers’ renovation.
The death toll in one of the city’s deadliest blazes rose to 128, and many remain unaccounted for. First
responders found that some fire alarms in the complex, which housed many older people, did not sound when
tested, said Andy Yeung, the director of Hong Kong Fire Services, though he did not say how many were not
内容导航
原文欣赏
词汇积累
限时实战
热点时文阅读
情境导入 高效科普：水火无情，人类在各类灾害面前往往会显得很渺小。但我们只要团结一心，定
能众志成城，度过难关。
话题词汇速记
聚焦话题，扩充语料库：firefighter；apartment；involved in；construction；authority；emergency；
under control；injure；spread；assistance；resident；in addition to；material；attached to；security
热点限时精练
模拟实战 巩固提升：阅读理解2 篇+完形填空1 篇+语法填空1 篇（40 分钟限时练）。
教材话题链接
教材引领 有的放矢：人教版（B1U4 Natural Disasters）外研版（B1U6 At One with Nature）
译林版（B3U2 Natural Disasters）北师版（B2U5 Humans and Nature）
working or if others were.
The blaze jumped rapidly from one building to the
next as bamboo scaffolding covered in netting and foam
panels, apparently installed by a construction company,
caught fire. Authorities on Friday arrested seven men
and one woman, ranging in age from 40 to 63, including
scaffolding subcontractors, directors of an engineering
consultant company and project managers supervising the renovation, the Independent Commission Against
Corruption said in a statement.
On Friday, crews prioritized apartments from which they had received emergency calls during the blaze but
were unable to reach in the hours that the fire burned out of control, Derek Armstrong Chan, a deputy director of
Hong Kong Fire Services, told reporters. It took firefighters some 24 hours to bring the fire under control, and it
was not fully extinguished until Friday morning. Even two days after the fire began, smoke continued to drift out
of the charred buildings from the occasional flare-up.
Some 200 people remain unaccounted for, Secretary for Security Chris Tang told reporters. That includes 89
bodies that have not yet been identified. Yet more bodies might be recovered, authorities said, though crews have
finished a search for anyone living trapped inside. More than 2,300 firefighters and medical personnel were
involved in the operation, and 12 firefighters were among the 79 people injured, Yeung said. One firefighter was
also killed, he had said previously.
Katy Lo, 70, a resident of Wang Fuk Court, was not home when the fire started Wednesday. She rushed back
roughly an hour later to see that the blaze had spread to her building. “That’s my home.… I still can’t really
believe what happened,” Lo said on Friday as she registered for government assistance for affected households.
“This all still feels like a bad dream.” The apartment complex of eight, 31-story buildings in Tai Po district, a
suburb near Hong Kong’s border with mainland China, was built in the 1980s and had been undergoing a major
renovation. It had almost 2,000 apartments and some 4,800 residents.
Three men — the directors and an engineering consultant of a construction company — were arrested
Thursday on suspicion of manslaughter, and police said company leaders were suspected of gross negligence.
Police have not identified the company where the suspects worked, but documents posted to the homeowners
association’s website showed that the Prestige Construction & Engineering Company was in charge of renovations.
Police have seized boxes of documents from the company, where phones rang unanswered Thursday.
In addition to the new arrests Friday, the anti-corruption agency also searched the suspects’ offices and seized
relevant documents and bank records. Authorities suspected some materials on the exterior walls of the high-rise
buildings did not meet fire resistance standards, allowing the unusually fast spread of the fire.
Police said they found highly flammable plastic foam panels attached to the windows on each floor of the one
unaffected tower. The panels were believed to have been installed by the construction company but the purpose was
not clear. Preliminary investigations showed the fire started on a lower-level scaffolding net of one of the
buildings, and then spread rapidly as the foam panels caught fire, said Tang, the secretary for security.
【参考译文】
香港消防人员于周五对一处高层住宅小区展开逐户细致搜查，该小区曾遭特大火灾吞噬，七栋楼宇受
波及，搜救人员又发现了数十具遗体；与此同时，有关部门逮捕了另外八名涉该楼宇翻新工程的人员。
这场香港史上最致命的火灾之一，遇难人数已升至128 人，仍有多人下落不明。香港消防处处长杨恩
健表示，救援人员发现该小区（居住着大量老年居民）部分火警报警器经测试无法鸣响，但他未说明失灵
报警器的具体数量，也未提及其余报警器是否正常。
火灾迅速从一栋楼宇蔓延至其他楼宇，起因是覆盖着防护网和泡沫夹芯板的竹制脚手架起火 —— 这
些设施显然由一家建筑公司安装。香港廉政公署在声明中称，周五逮捕了七男一女，年龄介于40 至63 岁
其中包括脚手架分包商、一家工程咨询公司的董事以及负责监督翻新工程的项目经理。
香港消防处副处长陈德崚向记者透露，周五搜救人员优先排查了火灾期间接到紧急求救电话、但在火
势失控的数小时内未能抵达的公寓。消防人员耗时约24 小时才控制住火势，直至周五清晨大火才被完全扑
灭。即便在火灾发生两天后，烧焦的楼宇仍因零星复燃持续冒出浓烟。
香港保安局局长邓炳强告知记者，目前仍有约200 人下落不明，其中包括89 具尚未确认身份的遗体。
有关部门表示，尽管搜救人员已完成对被困人员的全面搜寻，但仍有可能发现更多遗体。杨恩健称，共有
超过2300 名消防和医疗人员参与此次救援行动，79 名伤者中有12 名是消防人员；他此前曾透露，有一名
消防人员在此次事故中殉职。
70 岁的卢桂娣是宏福苑的住户，周三火灾发生时她并未在家。约一小时后她匆忙赶回，却看到大火已
蔓延至自己居住的楼宇。周五，卢桂娣在登记受灾家庭政府救助时说：“那是我的家…… 我到现在还不
敢相信发生了这样的事，这一切感觉就像一场噩梦。”该住宅小区位于香港与内地接壤的郊区大埔区，包
含八栋31 层高的楼宇，建于上世纪80 年代，事发时正进行大型翻新工程，小区内有近2000 套公寓，居住
着约4800 名居民。
三名男子 —— 一家建筑公司的董事及一名工程顾问 —— 已于周四因涉嫌过失杀人被捕，警方表示
该公司负责人涉嫌重大过失。警方未披露涉案人员所属公司名称，但业主立案法团网站公布的文件显示，
威信建筑工程有限公司负责此次翻新工程。警方已从该公司查封了数箱文件，周四该公司电话始终无人接
听。
除周五新增的逮捕行动外，廉政公署还搜查了涉案人员的办公场所，并扣押了相关文件和银行记录。
有关部门怀疑该高层住宅楼外墙的部分材料未达到耐火标准，导致火势以异常快的速度蔓延。
邓炳强表示，警方在其中一栋未受火灾波及的楼宇每层窗户上，发现了高度易燃的塑料泡沫夹芯板。
据信这些板材由涉事建筑公司安装，但其安装目的尚不明确。初步调查显示，火灾始于其中一栋楼宇低层
的脚手架防护网，随后泡沫夹芯板起火，导致火势迅速蔓延。
【课标词汇积累】
1. firefighter n. 消防队员，消防员
● A brave firefighter rushed into the burning building to save the trapped little girl.
一名勇敢的消防员冲进着火的大楼，救出了被困的小女孩。
2. apartment n. 公寓套房，（美）公寓（英式常用 flat）
● She lives in a small but cozy apartment on the 10th floor of the high-rise building.
她住在一栋高层建筑10 楼的一套小而温馨的公寓里。
3. involved in 参与，卷入，与…… 有关联
● Several workers involved in the construction project were asked to explain the safety problems.
几名参与该建筑项目的工人被要求说明安全问题。
4. construction n. 建筑，建造；建筑物；施工
● The construction of the new library will be completed by the end of this year.
新图书馆的建造工程将于今年年底完工。
5. authority n. 官方，当局；权威，权力；专家
● The local authority has issued a warning about the risk of forest fires in summer.
当地当局发布了夏季森林火灾风险的预警。
6. emergency n. 紧急情况，突发事件；adj. 紧急的，应急的
● In case of an emergency, please call 120 for medical help immediately.
如遇紧急情况，请立即拨打 120 寻求医疗救助。
7. under control 处于控制之下，被控制住
● After hours of hard work, the firefighters finally got the big fire under control.
经过数小时的努力，消防员终于将大火控制住了。
8. injure v. 使受伤，损害，伤害（感情等）
● He fell off his bike and injured his knee when he was riding to school this morning.
今天早上他骑车上学时从车上摔下来，伤到了膝盖。
9. spread（spread-spread-spread） v. 传播，扩散；展开，蔓延；n. 传播，蔓延；范围
● The news of the sports meeting spread quickly among all the students in our grade.
运动会的消息很快在我们年级所有学生中传开了。
10. assistance n. 帮助，援助，协助
● The school provides financial assistance to students from poor families every year.
学校每年都会向贫困家庭的学生提供经济援助。
11. resident n. 居民，住户；adj. 居住的，常驻的
● Most residents in this community take part in the volunteer cleaning activity every month.
这个社区的大多数居民每月都会参加志愿清洁活动。
12. in addition to 除…… 之外（还）
● In addition to English, he also learns French and Spanish in his spare time.
除了英语，他还在业余时间学习法语和西班牙语。
13. material n. 材料，原料；素材，资料；adj. 物质的，实际的
● The teacher asked us to collect some reading materials for the writing competition.
老师让我们为写作比赛收集一些阅读素材。
14. attached to 附属于，依附于；喜爱，依恋
● A small note was attached to the gift, saying "Best wishes for your birthday".
礼物上附了一张小纸条，写着“祝你生日快乐”。
15. security n. 安全，保障；安保措施；证券；adj. 安全的，保安的
● The school has improved security by installing more cameras at the gate.
学校通过在门口安装更多摄像头加强了安保措施。
【话题词汇积累】
16. massive fire（特大火灾）
① severe fire（严重火灾）
② fatal fire（致命火灾）
③ fire outbreak（火灾爆发）
④ fire spread（火势蔓延）
⑤ fire accident（火灾事故）
17. high-rise complex（高层住宅小区）
① residential building（住宅楼）
② apartment block（公寓楼）
③ high-rise building（高层建筑）④ residential complex（住宅小区）
⑤ community housing（社区住房）
18. death toll（遇难人数）
① number of injuries（受伤人数）② casualty figures（伤亡数字）
③ missing persons（失踪人员）
④ confirmed deaths（确认遇难人数）
⑤ toll of victims（罹难人数）
19. bamboo scaffolding（竹制脚手架）
① metal scaffolding（金属脚手架）
② scaffolding net（脚手架防护网）
③ scaffolding subcontractor（脚手架分包商）④ construction scaffolding（建筑脚手架）
⑤ temporary scaffolding（临时脚手架）
20. foam panels（泡沫夹芯板）
① plastic foam panels（塑料泡沫夹芯板）② highly flammable panels（高度易燃板材）
③ exterior wall panels（外墙板材）
④ fire-retardant panels（阻燃板材）
⑤ building panels（建筑板材）
21. bring the fire under control（控制火势）
① extinguish the fire（扑灭大火）
② contain the fire（遏制火势）
③ fire suppression（灭火作业）
④ fire fighting（灭火行动）
⑤ put out the fire（扑灭火灾）
22. remain unaccounted for（下落不明）
① missing and unaccounted for（失踪且下落不明）② unidentified bodies（未确认身份的遗体）
③ search for survivors（搜救幸存者）
④ trace missing persons（追查失踪人员）
⑤ unreported casualties（未上报的伤亡人员）
23. fire resistance standards（耐火标准）
① fire safety standards（消防安全标准）
② building fire codes（建筑防火规范）
③ flame retardant standards（阻燃标准）
④ fire protection requirements（防火要求）
⑤ fire performance standards（防火性能标准）
24. major renovation（大型翻新工程）
① building renovation（楼宇翻新）
② renovation project（翻新项目）
③ construction company（建筑公司）
④ engineering consultant（工程顾问）
⑤ renovation works（翻新工程作业）
25. gross negligence（重大过失）
① criminal negligence（刑事过失）
② professional negligence（专业过失）
③ negligence of duty（失职）
④ suspected manslaughter（涉嫌过失杀人）
⑤ liability for negligence（过失责任）
（建议用时：40 分钟）
题型
01
阅读理解
A
As wildfires spread across Los Angeles, the J. Paul Getty Museum proved its strong disaster readiness. With
fire within six feet of the Getty Villa on January 7, the museum’s strong protective measures became a great
example of strength to hold on.
The Getty Museum’s workers took turns working day and night and checked the hilltops surrounding both
the Getty Villa and the Getty Center. The older Getty Villa, home to thousands of old and valuable objects, is
located in the Pacific Palisades, while the Getty Center in Brentwood houses famous artworks like Vincent van
Gogh’s Irises. Carrying with fire extinguishers ( 灭火器), the workers checked the grounds for fire, carefully
protecting the museum’s valuable collections.
The museum’s survival against the fires was unusual among the deadly damage that killed dozens and
destroyed thousands of homes. With $9.1 billion and years of experience in fighting wildfires, the Getty had used
millions in ways to stop fires, like fire-resistant (防火的) architecture.
When the fire endangered the Getty Villa, President Katherine Fleming watched anxiously from the Getty
Center’s command station, tracking the fire’s progress. The villa, built with walls and roofs that don’t burn easily,
remained unharmed though the fire was very close. The same was true for its priceless collection of 40,000
valuable objects.
Meanwhile, the Getty Center’s architecture, designed by Richard Meier with keeping safe in fire in mind,
features 1.2 million square feet of stone and open spaces to stop fire from spreading. The museum’s complex
irrigation (灌溉) system was started quickly, wetting the grounds and further protecting the treasures.
In the case of Getty, planning ahead protected its treasures. Such preparedness — from fire-resistant designs
to quick-response systems — sets a model. In the future, as more disasters driven by the climate emergency must
happen, the attention of normal people is important: public awareness and support for such protective measures will
become increasingly important.
1．What is the main idea of paragraph 2?
A．Locations of the Getty Museum sites.
B．Valuable collections at the Getty Villa.
C．Daily training and duties of the museum.
D．Fire prevention efforts by museum workers.
2．Why did the Getty Villa survive the fire?
A．It was far from the fire area.
B．Its structure resisted fire well.
C．All artworks were taken away.
D．Workers put out the fire quickly.
3．What does the author want to imply in the last paragraph?
A．Climate change is a big danger now.
B．The Getty’s success is hard to copy.
C．Museums should avoid dangerous areas.D．Early planning helps deal with disasters.
4．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Getty’s Preparation Beats Wildfires.
B．LA Fires Destroy Museums.
C．Van Gogh’s Art Saves Getty.
D．Cheap Designs Stop Fires.
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．A
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。本文报道了盖蒂博物馆成功抵御野火的案例。通过分析其防火建筑、灌溉系
统和员工值守等预防措施，展现前瞻性规划的重要性。
1．主旨大意题。根据第二段中“The Getty Museum’s workers took turns working day and night and checked
the hilltops surrounding both the Getty Villa and the Getty Center. The older Getty Villa, home to thousands of old
and valuable objects, is located in the Pacific Palisades, while the Getty Center in Brentwood houses famous
artworks like Vincent van Gogh’s Irises.( 盖蒂博物馆的工作人员轮班日夜值守，对盖蒂别墅和盖蒂中心周边
的山顶进行了检查。)”可知，该段主要讲述的是博物馆工作人员为防止火灾所做的努力。D 选项“Fire
prevention efforts by museum workers.(博物馆工作人员的防火努力)”符合文章主旨。故选D 项。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“The villa, built with walls and roofs that don’t burn easily, remained
unharmed though the fire was very close.(这座别墅的墙壁和屋顶不易燃烧，尽管火势很近，但仍然完好无
损。)”可知，盖蒂别墅之所以能在火灾中幸存下来，是因为它的建筑结构能够很好地抵抗火灾。故选B 项。
3．推理判断题。文章最后一段提到“In the case of Getty, planning ahead protected its treasures. Such
preparedness—from fire-resistant designs to quick-response systems—sets a model.(就盖蒂而言，提前规划保护
了它的宝藏。这种从防火设计到快速响应系统的准备树立了一个榜样。)”以及“In the future, as more
disasters driven by the climate emergency must happen, the attention of normal people is important: public
awareness and support for such protective measures will become increasingly important.(在未来，随着气候紧急
情况引发的更多灾难必然发生，普通人的关注很重要：公众对这类保护措施的认识和支持将变得越来越重
要。)”由此可推断，作者想要暗示的是提前规划有助于应对灾难。故选D 项。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文，文章主要讲述了盖蒂博物馆在洛杉矶野火蔓延时，凭借其强大的防灾准备和
措施，成功保护了其珍贵藏品的故事。文章强调了提前规划和准备对于应对灾难的重要性。A 选项
“Getty’s Preparation Beats Wildfires.(盖蒂的准备战胜了野火)”符合文章主旨，且能够概括文章内容。故选
A 项。
B
Recent winter storms have brought heavy rain and snow to California. This increase in snowpack has
delayed the start of the wildfire season. Experts believe the fire season may be milder than usual, but conditions
could change by July.
For now, fire activity in Southern California is expected to be below normal in May and June, while
Northern California is likely to have an average fire season. Statewide, the wet season has been longer than usual,
and more rain and snow may continue into April or early May. Lower elevations (海拔) are green and wet, while
higher elevations are covered in snow.
The deeper the snowpack, the longer it takes to melt (融化). This slows down the drying of vegetation and
delays warm weather. In years with above-average snowpack, Northern California has seen fewer acres burned.
However, climate change is affecting fire patterns (模式). Fires are now reaching higher elevations where snow
once prevented them. Some areas have fewer trees to protect snow from the sun, causing faster melting and shifting
the risk from floods to droughts.
Rising temperatures are also pushing the snow line higher, making forests more likely to burn in summer.
Some desert regions, which received extra rain, have grown more grass. Once these dry out by late spring, they
could fuel wildfires, like the York Fire — the state’s largest fire in 2023.
Additionally, winds play a key role in spreading wildfires. Forecasters expect fewer strong offshore winds,
partly due to El Niño. However, sudden weather changes could still lead to major fires. Dry lightning, unexpected
heat or rapid shifts in rainfall can turn a mild fire season into a severe one.
Within this long-term change, research suggests that burned areas in California could grow by 50% from
2031 to 2050 due to climate change. While some years may see fewer fires, overall, rising temperatures and drier
conditions are making wildfires more common.
5．What does the underlined word “delayed” in paragraph 1 mean?
A．Referred to.
B．Sped up.
C．Put off.
D．Longed for.
6．What can we know from paragraph 2?
A．Forest fires always hit California in early May.
B．The wet season is likely to last for a short time.
C．It has been years since California saw heavy rain.
D．California expects a late start to the wildfire season.
7．Why does the author mention the York Fire in 2023?
A．To remind us to stop human error.
B．To show the danger of the dry grass.
C．To explain it hardly rains in the desert.
D．To sound the alarm about global warming.
8．What does research suggest about California wildfires?
A．Their likelihood will largely increase.
B．They will probably drop by 50% in 2031.
C．It takes time to put them under control.
D．They are mainly caused by human activities.
【答案】5．C 6．D 7．B 8．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍加州冬季暴雨暴雪延缓山火季，同时分析气候变暖、植被等因
素对山火风险的影响。
5．词句猜测题。根据第一段中“Recent winter storms have brought heavy rain and snow to California. This
increase in snowpack has delayed the start of the wildfire season.(最近的冬季风暴给加州带来了暴雨和暴雪。
积雪量的增加delayed 山火季的开始)”及常识可知，积雪会让山火季推迟，故delayed 意为“推迟”。C 选
项“Put off(推迟)”符合题意。故选 C。
6．细节理解题。根据第二段中“For now, fire activity in Southern California is expected to be below normal in
May and June, while Northern California is likely to have an average fire season. Statewide, the wet season has
been longer than usual, and more rain and snow may continue into April or early May. Lower elevations (海拔) are
green and wet, while higher elevations are covered in snow.(目前，南加州5 月和6 月的山火活动预计将低于正
常水平，而北加州可能会经历一个平均强度的山火季。全州范围内，雨季比往常更长，更多的降雨和降雪
可能会持续到4 月或5 月初。低海拔地区草木葱郁、湿度充足，而高海拔地区则被积雪覆盖。)”可知，从
第二段我们可以知道加州预计野火季开始较晚。故选D。
7．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Some desert regions, which received extra rain, have grown more grass. Once
these dry out by late spring, they could fuel wildfires, like the York Fire — the state’s largest fire in 2023.(一些沙
漠地区降雨量增加，长出了更多的草。一旦这些草在晚春干旱，就可能引发山火，比如 2023 年该州最大
的山火 —— 约克山火)”可知，作者提到约克山火是为了说明干旱的草会引发山火，体现干草的危险性。
故选 B。
8．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Within this long-term change, research suggests that burned areas in
California could grow by 50% from 2031 to 2050 due to climate change. While some years may see fewer fires,
overall, rising temperatures and drier conditions are making wildfires more common.(在这种长期变化中，研究表
明，由于气候变化，2031 年至2050 年，加州的山火燃烧面积可能会增加50%。虽然有些年份山火可能会
减少，但总体而言，气温上升和干旱条件正使山火变得更加普遍)”可知，研究表明加州山火发生的可能性
将大幅增加。故选 A。
题型
02
完形填空
Lauren and Andrew Gruel, owners of a seafood restaurant, are used to thinking local. 1 , they serve
fresh seafood from nearby fishers, but this week, their restaurant has become a wildfire 2 center.
Big wildfires in Los Angeles have destroyed thousands of homes and 3 . The Gruels, heartbroken
by the disaster, decided to help. They put the 4 out on social media that they would 5
donations for their neighbors up north. A stream of volunteers has shown up to the restaurant 6 to help.
Some come armed with supplies; others are 7 with their trucks to transport the 8 to LA．
Some of the biggest 9 right now for the hundreds of displaced Angelenos, many of whom have
lost most of their belongings in the disaster, are socks, underwear and baby formula. But Lauren also thought about
children who had lost everything. “Toys and coloring books would be 10 ,” she said.
11 collecting donations, the restaurant is offering free meals to wildfire 12 . “If you need
to stay here, 13 a bite to eat, or figure out your next step, you’re more than 14 to just hang out
here for a while,” said Andrew.
Volunteers like Alex Ordorica, a local resident, helped transport supplies. After his second trip to the center,
he said, “Every box 15 isn’t just supplies — it’s a reminder that nobody’s alone in this.”
1．A．Fortunately
B．Globally
C．Normally
D．Surprisingly
2．A．information
B．research
C．prevention
D．rescue
3．A．luggage
B．jobs
C．lives
D．responsibility
4．A．restaurant
B．menu
C．picture
D．word
5．A．house
B．earn
C．cancel
D．increase
6．A．doubtful
B．unable
C．willing
D．hesitant
7．A．taking off
B．calling up
C．stopping by
D．trying out
8．A．aid
B．medicine
C．care
D．arms
9．A．tools
B．interests
C．worries
D．needs
10．A．comforting
B．useless
C．educational
D．expensive
11．A．Due to
B．Instead of
C．In spite of
D．In addition to
12．A．neighbors
B．victims
C．criminals
D．customers
13．A．grab
B．offer
C．demand
D．buy
14．A．delighted
B．safe
C．grateful
D．welcome
15．A．ordered
B．delivered
C．stored
D．lost
【答案】
1．C 2．D 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．A 11．D
12．B 13．A 14．D 15．B
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述海鲜餐厅店主格鲁埃尔夫妇在洛杉矶山火后，将餐厅变救援中心，
收集物资、提供免费餐食帮助灾民的事。
1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：通常情况下，他们供应来自附近渔民的新鲜海鲜，但这周，他们的餐厅变
成了山火救援中心。A. Fortunately 幸运地；B. Globally 全球地；C. Normally 通常；D. Surprisingly 惊人地。
根据后文“but this week, their restaurant has become a wildfire...”中“but”表转折可知，“供应新鲜海鲜”是
餐厅平时的常规操作。故选C 项。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通常情况下，他们供应来自附近渔民的新鲜海鲜，但这周，他们的餐厅变
成了山火救援中心。A. information 信息；B. research 研究；C. prevention 预防；D. rescue 救援。根据后文
“______ collecting donations, the restaurant is offering free meals to wildfire ______ .”可知，餐厅在帮助山火
灾民，是“救援”中心。故选D 项。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：洛杉矶的大山火摧毁了成千上万的房屋和生命。A. luggage 行李；B. jobs 工
作；C. lives 生命；D. responsibility 责任。根据前文“Big wildfires”和“destroyed thousands of homes”可知，
山火破坏力强，除了房屋，还会夺走“生命”，符合语境。故选C 项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们在社交媒体上发布消息，称将为北部的邻居接收捐赠物资。A.
restaurant 餐厅；B. menu 菜单；C. picture 图片；D. word 消息。根据后文“on social media that they would
______ donations for their neighbors up north.”可知，在社交媒体上发布的应是“消息”，put the word out 为
固定搭配，意为“发布消息”。故选D 项。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们在社交媒体上发布消息，称将为北部的邻居接收捐赠物资。A. house 收
纳、接收；B. earn 赚取；C. cancel 取消；D. increase 增加。根据后文“A stream of volunteers has shown up
to the restaurant ______ to help.”和“collecting donations”可知，餐厅是“接收”捐赠物资，house 在此处为动
词，表“收纳”。故选A 项。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一大批志愿者主动来到餐厅帮忙。A. doubtful 怀疑的；B. unable 不能的；
C. willing 愿意的；D. hesitant 犹豫的。根据前文“A stream of volunteers has shown up to the restaurant”可知，
志愿者前来是准备提供帮助的。故选C 项。
7．考查动词短语辨析。句意：有些人带着物资来；另一些人开着卡车顺便来，把援助物资运到洛杉矶。
A. taking off 起飞；B. calling up 打电话；C. stopping by 顺便拜访；D. trying out 试验。根据前文“volunteers
has shown up to the restaurant”和后文的“with their trucks to transport”可知，志愿者是“顺便来到”餐厅帮忙
运输物资。故选C 项。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些人带着物资来；另一些人开着卡车顺便来，把援助物资运到洛杉矶。
A. aid 援助物资；B. medicine 药品；C. care 关心；D. arms 武器。根据前文“Some come armed with
supplies”可知，运输的是“援助物资”。故选A 项。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于数百名流离失所的洛杉矶人来说，他们中的许多人在灾难中失去了大
部分财物，目前最迫切的需求是袜子、内衣和婴儿配方奶粉。A. tools 工具；B. interests 兴趣；C. worries 担
忧；D. needs 需求。根据后文“socks, underwear and baby formula”可知，这些是灾民急需的“需求”品。故
选D 项。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“玩具和涂色书会让人感到安慰，”她说。A. comforting 令人安慰的；
B. useless 无用的；C. educational 有教育意义的；D. expensive 昂贵的。根据前文“But Lauren also thought
about children who had lost everything.”可知，给失去一切的孩子玩具和涂色书能给他们带来慰藉。故选A
项。
11．考查介词短语辨析。句意：除了收集捐赠物资，这家餐厅还为山火受害者提供免费餐食。A. Due to 由
于；B. Instead of 而不是；C. In spite of 尽管；D. In addition to 除……之外。根据后文“collecting donations”
和“offering free meals”可知，餐厅除了收集物资，还提供餐食，两者是递进关系。故选D 项。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了收集捐赠物资，这家餐厅还为山火受害者提供免费餐食。A. neighbors
邻居；B. victims 受害者；C. criminals 罪犯；D. customers 顾客。根据前文“Big wildfires in Los Angeles
have destroyed thousands of homes and ______ .”和“Some of the biggest ______ right now for the hundreds of
displaced Angelenos”可知，餐厅帮助的是山火“受害者”。故选B 项。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：安德鲁说：“如果你需要待在这里、吃点东西，或者想想下一步该怎么做，
都非常欢迎你在这里待一会儿。”A. grab 吃、获取；B. offer 提供；C. demand 要求；D. buy 买。根据前文
“offering free meals”可知，此处指“吃点东西”，grab a bite 为固定搭配，意为“吃点东西”。故选A 项。
14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：安德鲁说：“如果你需要待在这里、吃点东西，或者想想下一步该怎么
做，都非常欢迎你在这里待一会儿。”A. delighted 高兴的；B. safe 安全的；C. grateful 感激的；D. welcome
受欢迎的。根据前文“the restaurant is offering free meals”和“if you need to stay here”可知，餐厅欢迎灾民停
留，be welcome to do sth 为固定搭配，意为“欢迎做某事”。故选D 项。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在第二次前往该中心后，他说：“每一份送达的物资箱都不只是物资——
它提醒着人们，在这场灾难中，没有人是孤独的。”A. ordered 订购；B. delivered 递送、送达；C. stored 储
存；D. lost 丢失。根据前文“helped transport supplies”可知，志愿者运输物资，所以物资箱是被“送达”的。
故选B 项。
题型
03
语法填空
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。
In recent weeks, the issue of Canadian wildfires 1 (become) a global concern, especially due to its
significant impact on the United States. The wildfires, which 2 (rage) across large parts of Canada, have
sent a massive amount of smoke southward,
3
(lead) to severe air pollution in many American regions.
The scale of the wildfires in Canada is staggering. Hundreds of fires are burning
4
(simultaneous),
covering vast areas of forests. The dry and warm weather conditions
5
(fuel) these fires further, making
them extremely difficult to control. As a result, thick smoke plumes have been carried by the wind towards the
United States. Many cities in the northeastern and midwestern parts of the U.S., such as New York, Philadelphia,
and Chicago, have been hit hard. The air quality in these cities
6
(deteriorate) to dangerous levels, with
the Air Quality Index (AQI) reaching record-high values.
The impact of this smoky air
7
people’s health cannot be overstated. The smoke contains tiny
particulate matter, which can easily penetrate deep into the lungs. This has led to an increase in respiratory
problems, especially among the elderly, children, and those with pre-existing health conditions. People are advised
8
(stay) indoors as much as possible and wear masks if they have to go outside. Schools and outdoor events
have been canceled in many affected areas
9
(protect) public health. Moreover, the smoky conditions
have also affected daily life in other ways, such as
10
(disrupt) air travel and reducing visibility on
roads.【答案】
1．has become 2．have been raging 3．leading 4．simultaneously 5．have fueled 6．has
deteriorated 7．on 8．to stay 9．to protect 10．disrupting
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了加拿大野火规模及其对美国环境和公众健康造成的严重影
响，解析了火灾原因、烟雾扩散情况及带来的多重危害。
1．考查时态。句意：最近几周，加拿大野火问题已成为全球关注的焦点，尤其是因为它对美国产生了重
大影响。根据时间状语“In recent weeks”可知，句子应用现在完成时，表示动作从过去持续到现在并产生
影响，主语the issue 为单数，助动词用has。故填has become。
2．考查时态。句意：在加拿大大部分地区肆虐的野火已将大量烟雾送往南方，导致美国许多地区严重空
气污染。根据句意可知，野火肆虐是过去发生并且持续到现在，还可能继续持续下去的动作，应用现在完
成进行时，主语which 指代先行词The wildfires，为复数，助动词用have。故填have been raging。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：在加拿大大部分地区肆虐的野火已将大量烟雾送往南方，导致美国许多地区
严重空气污染。lead 在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且是上文所述事件自然产生的结果，应用现在分词作结
果状语。故填leading。
4．考查副词。句意：数百起火灾同时燃烧，覆盖了大片森林。空处修饰动词burning 应用副词
simultaneously“同时”，作状语。故填simultaneously。
5．考查时态。句意：干燥温暖的天气条件进一步助长了这些火灾，使其极难控制。此处强调天气条件对
现在的影响，应用现在完成时，主语The dry and warm weather conditions 为复数，助动词用have。故填
have fueled。
6．考查时态。句意：这些城市的空气质量已恶化到危险水平，空气质量指数（AQI）达到创纪录的高值。
根据句意可知，空气质量恶化是过去发生并且持续到现在，应用现在完成时，主语The air quality 为单数，
助动词用has。故填has deteriorated。
7．考查介词。句意：烟雾弥漫的空气对人们健康的影响再怎么强调也不为过。此处为固定短语impact
on...“对……的影响”。故填on。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：建议人们尽可能待在室内，如果必须外出，要戴口罩。此处为固定短语be
advised to do sth.“被建议做某事”，不定式作主语补足语。故填to stay。
9．考查非谓语动词。句意：许多受影响地区的学校和户外活动已被取消，以保护公众健康。protect 在句
中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to protect。
10．考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，烟雾弥漫的环境还以其他方式影响了日常生活，比如扰乱航空旅行和
降低道路能见度。such as 为介词短语，后面接动名词与“reducing”并列作宾语。故填disrupting。
