2026 高考英语·二轮复习专题突破
专题10 · 语法填空之词性转换
核【核心知识·深度解读】
词性转换是语法填空的必考点，侧重在真实语境中运用派生、转化与合成法。
本专题依据最新高考命题趋势，精选15 道单句词汇转换、10 道语境句子填空
及3 篇原创语法填空篇章，话题覆盖科技前沿、文化遗产、生态文明等，全
方位提升构词敏感度与语境分析能力。
核心知识·高频构词规则
目标词
性
常见后缀/前缀
真题高频例词
动词→
名词
-tion, -sion, -ment,
-ence, -ance, -ing,
-ure
achieve→achievement;
predict→prediction;
differ→difference
形容词
→名词
-ness, -ity, -dom, -th
responsible→responsibility;
wide→width; free→freedom
名词→
形容词
-al, -ous, -ic, -ful,
-less, -able
culture→cultural;
glory→glorious; economy→economic
形容词
→副词
-ly (特殊变化:
true→truly,
whole→wholly)
remarkable→remarkably;
efficient→efficiently
否定前
缀
un-, in-/im-, dis-,
mis-
expected→unexpected;
convenient→inconvenient
词汇练习题（
Instructions: 根据句意，用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。(每题1 分，
共15 分)
1. The young entrepreneur’ s ________ (persevere) finally paid
off when his startup went public.
2. The newly launched eco-friendly packaging is fully ________
(recycle) and biodegradable.
3. Many international students are attracted by the ________
(diverse) of Chinese regional cuisines.
4. The professor gave a ________ (convince) lecture on the future
of artificial intelligence ethics.
5. To ensure ________ (safe), the smart factory uses AI-powered
sensors to monitor equipment in real time.
6. Her ________ (willing) to learn new skills impressed the
hiring manager.
7. The documentary provides a ________ (comprehend) analysis of
climate change impacts.
8. The ancient town has preserved its ________ (history) charm
while embracing modern tourism.
9. The athlete’ s ________ (inspire) story motivated millions of
young people.
10. The government is promoting ________ (agriculture) innovation
to ensure food security.
11. Misunderstandings often arise from a lack of ________
(communicate).
12. The company’ s ________ (commit) to carbon neutrality was
praised by environmental groups.
13. The painting was ________ (remarkable) well preserved despite
its age.
14. The engineer offered a ________ (practice) solution to reduce
energy consumption.
15. With the help of 5G technology, remote surgery has
become ________ (increase) reliable.
词句题型（语境句子填空 ）
Instructions: 阅读下列句子，根据语境在空白处填入括号内单词的正确
形式。(每空1.5 分，共15 分)
1. The ________ (innovate) design of the new energy vehicle has
won several international awards.
2. Tourists were amazed by the ________ (beautiful) of the
traditional Chinese garden.
3. To achieve sustainable development, we must shift from a
linear economy to a ________ (circle) one.
4. The researcher presented her findings ________ (enthusiasm),
sparking a lively discussion.
5. The ________ (major) of people support the policy of plastic
waste reduction.
6. It was ________ (self) of him to donate his entire bonus to
the children’s hospital.
7. The documentary reveals the ________ (hide) impact of fast
fashion on the environment.
8. The ancient manuscript was ________ (profession) restored by
a team of experts.
9. His ________ (refuse) to compromise made the negotiation
extremely difficult.
10. The book explores the ________ (connect) between mental
health and social media usage.
阅读题型 · 语法填空
Passage 1 · 科技向善：AI 赋能教育
In recent years, artificial intelligence has brought about a 1.
________ (revolution) change in the education sector. Intelligent
tutoring systems provide 2. ________ (person) learning paths for
students, greatly enhancing 3. ________ (efficient). However,
experts warn that the 4. ________ (apply) of AI must be guided by
ethical principles to avoid 5. ________ (fair). A recent study
showed that students who used AI-assisted tools showed a 6.
________ (notice) improvement in critical thinking skills. Teachers
are encouraged to integrate technology 7. ________ (creative) into
their lessons. The ultimate goal is to create an 8. ________
(include) environment where every learner can thrive. With proper 9.
________ (govern), AI will serve as a powerful assistant rather
than a 10. ________ (replace) for human educators.
Passage 2 · 文化遗产：数字技术守护敦煌
The Dunhuang Mogao Caves, a UNESCO World Heritage site, are
undergoing a 1. ________ (digit) preservation project. Using 3D
scanning and virtual reality, researchers are creating 2. ________
(accuracy) replicas of the ancient murals. This initiative not only
protects the 3. ________ (origin) artworks from environmental damage
but also makes cultural heritage 4. ________ (access) to global
audiences. The project is a 5. ________ (cooperate) effort involving
Chinese and international experts. Visitors can now take a 6.
________ (virtue) tour and appreciate the 7. ________ (delicate) of
the
paintings
up
close.
Such
technological 8.
________
(intervene) ensure that future generations will still be able to
admire these treasures. The success of this project demonstrates
the 9. ________ (important) of combining tradition with innovation.
It is a 10. ________ (meaning) step toward sustainable cultural
conservation.
Passage 3 · 生态智慧：海绵城市建设
Sponge cities represent a new 1. ________ (ecology) approach to
urban water management. By integrating green infrastructure such as
rain gardens and permeable pavements, cities can 2. ________
(effective) reduce flooding risks. This concept, inspired by
traditional
Chinese 3.
________
(agriculture) practices,
has
gained 4. ________ (recognize) worldwide. In 2026, several pilot
cities
reported
a 5.
________
(significance) decrease
in
waterlogging incidents. The 6. ________ (implement) of sponge city
projects
also
improves
urban
biodiversity
and 7.
________
(resident) quality of life. Experts emphasize that such nature-
based
solutions
are
both 8.
________
(economy) viable
and
environmentally 9.
________
(sustain).
As
climate
change
intensifies, the 10. ________ (adapt) of sponge city models will be
crucial for future urban planning.
参考答案与核心解析
词汇练习题
1. perseverance 2. recyclable 3. diversity 4. convincing 5.
safety 6. willingness 7. comprehensive 8. historical 9. inspiring
10. agricultural 11. communication 12. commitment 13. remarkably
14. practical 15. increasingly
解析重点： 第2 题recyclable 为形容词；第7 题comprehensive 为形容
词；第12 题commitment 为名词；第14 题practical 为形容词；第15 题
increasingly 为副词。
✅ 词句题型
1. innovative 2. beauty 3. circular 4. enthusiastically 5.
majority 6. selfless 7. hidden 8. professionally 9. refusal 10.
connection
解析： 第3 题circular economy“循环经济”；第6 题selfless“无私
的”；第7 题hidden“隐藏的”；第9 题refusal 为名词。
✅ 阅读题型
Passage 1 ： 1. revolutionary 2. personalized 3. efficiency 4.
application 5. unfairness 6. noticeable 7. creatively 8. inclusive
9. governance 10. replacement
Passage 2： 1. digital 2. accurate 3. original 4. accessible 5.
cooperative 6. virtual 7. delicacy 8. interventions 9. importance
10. meaningful
Passage 3 ： 1. ecological 2. effectively 3. agricultural 4.
recognition 5. significant 6. implementation 7. residents’ 8.
economically 9. sustainable 10. adoption
详细解析（部分）：
Passage 1: ① revolutionary change (形容词修饰名词); ⑤ unfairness
(avoid + 名词); ⑧ inclusive environment (形容词); ⑩ replacement
(冠词a + 名词).
Passage 2: ② accurate replicas (形容词); ④ accessible to (形容词短
语); ⑦ delicacy (名词); ⑧ interventions (可数名词复数).
Passage 3: ① ecological approach (形容词); ⑧ economically viable
(副词修饰形容词); ⑩ adoption (名词，指模式采纳).
二轮抢分策略·词性转换满分技巧
1. 词族串记法：将同一词根的动词、名词、形容词、副词归纳成表，如：
sustain (v.) → sustainable (adj.) → sustainability (n.) →
sustainably (adv.)。
2. 句法分析先行：先判断空格在句中的成分（主语、宾语、定语、状语），
再锁定所需词性，最后结合构词规则变形。
3. 错题归因：区分“拼写错误”与“词性误用”，重点记忆不规则派生（如
wide→width, long→length, true→truly）。
4. 语篇强化：每日精练一篇语法填空，标注所有派生词，反复体会语境中的
词性转换逻辑。
