考点01 语法填空—有提示词的语法填空
温馨提示：
本资料注重培优，集中强化重点，突破难度，规避易混易错点）
1. 高考真题优生考点易错分析
年份
试卷类别
题型
优生易错
题
错误原因分析
解决方案
2025
全国I 卷
语法填
空
59.guide 易
错
不规则词形转换，拼写错误
全面熟记课标中有词形转换的词
62.by 易错
考查by 表示差值的用法，容易
被忽视
培优注重没考过的，比较重要的知识
点，不留死角。
64.and 易
错
文章最后一段就是一个句子，
是一个长难句，在加上前面有
个and，导致考生受到干扰，
不考虑并列关系。
分析长难句是培优的重要任务，要天
天练，坚持不懈。
全国II 卷
60. myself
反身代词容易被忽视
代词复习要全面
64.
afternoons
这个名词复数比较少见，容易
被忽视
增加文章的阅读量，扩展视野是培优
的关键
1 月浙江卷
58．on
and focus instead 58
the fact 受instead 的影响，容
易错填of
注意分析句子结构，and 前后并列关系
59．and
句中连续出现and，感到有些
费解
分析句子结构，分析长难句的能力
64．
people’s
名词所有格平时模拟考试考查
较少，这个空容易被误填为名
词复数
全面复习，不留死角才能让优生脱颖
而出
2024
新课标I 卷
56.
engineering
名词到名词的词形转换，此处
是名词作定语，出现比较少，
容易被忽视
全面熟记课标中有词形转换的词，扩
大阅读量，开阔视野
60. walks
此处walk 用法特殊，用作及物
动词
全面理解词汇的多种含义，注重一词
多义
63. as
受stands 的影响，容易错填for
注意准确理解文章的真正含义是关键
新课标II
卷
39. to
is similar in some ways
___39___ Romeo and Juliet.”受
插入语in some ways 的影响，
容易填错
善于分析句子的整体，从句子的整体
出发，思考问题
42.
visible--visibility 比较少见，容
全面熟记课标中有词形转换的词
visibility
易被忽视
全国甲卷
43. what
由于平时模拟考试考查定语从
句太多，名词性从句容易被忽
视
强化定语从句以外的其他从句
49. largest
语境理解失误
准确理解语境是关键
1 月浙江卷
37. or
忽视either...or...的用法，缺乏
句子的整体意识
对这种题一定要从句子的整体入手，
如果忽视整体，很容易误入歧途
39. what
表语从句从句的连接词，注意
分析句子成分
强化定语从句以外的其他从句
45. ones
代词的复数容易被忽视
全面复习代词等小词知识
2023
38. or
缺乏整体句子观念，造成的失
误，一定注意whether...or...这
个结构的整体意识
提高分析长难句的能力
新高考全
国Ⅰ卷
41. to be
lifted
由于模拟题考查，不定式的被
动式较少，造成失误
全面复习非谓语动词的各种形式
43. a
a touch of 这个短语用的较少
扩大阅读量，增加见识
45.
wanting
wanting 作主语补足语，比较难
重点复习非谓语动词
全国乙卷
46. Having
visited
对现在分词的完成时理解不到
位
重点复习非谓语动词
全国甲卷
43. as
As 引导的非限制性定语从句，
容易被忽视
非主流的定语从句不可忽视
46.
intended
注意：短语be intended for 专
……
门为
设计的，此处作定语
注意由动词的过去分词转化成的形容
词的用法
1 月浙江卷
61．
spacious
比较特殊的词形转换
全面熟记课标中有词形转换的词
59．were
permitted
permit 没有双写造成错误
全面熟记不规则动词表
新高考全
国II 卷
58. with
此处容易误填为to，注意文章
的意思
理解文章意思是根据
60. visiting
此处visiting 是形容词，意为：
来访的
注意特殊形式的词形变化及意义
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】
1．从命题内容上看，高考命题主要从以下几方面考查：一、考查中国传统文化。二、考查人物故事。三、
考查科学技术进步。四、考查跨学科融合。五、考查中外文化交流，国际视野。注重通过语篇体现中华文
明与世界文明的交流互鉴，引导学生增强国家认同和家国情怀，坚定文化自信，拓展国际视野，在跨文化
交流学习中增进国际理解，推动世界文明共同发展。
2．从命题思路上看：
(1)考查谓语动词一般都给出比较具体的时间状语，考生能通过时间状语确定相应的时态，难度适中；
(2)非谓语动词的考查多集中在作定语或状语成分上，难点是根据语境确定用哪种非谓语动词形式；
(3)形容词和副词考查频繁，但难度较小，一般考查词形转换，考查比较等级是相对较难的方向。
(4)名词考查主要考查：名词的单复数、名词所有格、词形转换
(5)代词考查较少，主要考查：代词的格、形容词性物主代词、反身代词。
【培优策略】
1．熟记各种词形转换的单词，尤其是比较特殊的词形转换单词。
2．熟练掌握非谓语动词和谓语动词的时态的用法和意义。
3．熟练掌握形容词和副词的比较级的用法。
4．熟记名词和代词的不同形式及用法
3.【命题预测】
预计2026 年谓语动词和非谓语动词仍然是命题的重点，名词、形容词和副词的词形转换必考。
复习过程中熟记词形转换的词，熟练掌握非谓语动词的各种形式的用法及意义，掌握谓语动词的时态形式
和意义。
考点一 提示词是动词—考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致
知识点1 动词的时态
一、确定作谓语
分析句子结构，若句中无谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但空处所填词与之是并列关系时，空处
就用谓语动词。
若填谓语动词，就要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致
(1)根据语境、并列谓语、时间标志词等确定用哪种时态；
(2)根据主语与谓语之间是主动关系还是被动关系以确定语态；
(3)根据人称和数，确保主谓一致。
二、确定时态
1.根据具体的时间状语：常见的时态的时间状语标志词
时态
时间状语
一般现在时
now, today, nowadays, every year, usually 等
一般过去时
yesterday, last week, in 2021, the other day, two years ago, previously 等
一般将来时
next year, in the future, soon, tomorrow 等
现在进行时
now, at present, at this moment 等
现在完成时
since＋时间点，in/over the past... years, in recent years, for＋时间段， so far 等
过去完成时
by then, by the end of ..., when/before/after 引导的从句等
2.根据具并列关系：
考查动词时态的题目有时可以根据句子或谓语动词之间的平行关系词“and, but, or, rather than, neither...
nor..., not only... but also...”等前后的谓语动词的时态必须一致来确定时态。
3.根据常用句式定时态：
(1)was/were doing... when...＋一般过去时
(2)was/were about to do... when...＋一般过去时
(3)it is the＋序数词＋time＋that...＋现在完成时
(4)it was the＋序数词＋time＋that...＋过去完成时
(5)No sooner had＋主语＋done... than＋一般过去时
(6)Hardly/Scarcely had＋主语＋done... when＋一般过去时
(7)It will be＋时间段＋before＋一般现在时
4.根据语境暗示。没有标志性的时间状语，且其他参照物都不明显的情况下，通过正确理解语境暗示解题，
也是解决时态问题尤其是易错题的重要方法。
知识点2 动词的语态
确定语态
1.根据逻辑辨别主动或被动关系
(1)分析句子结构，发现提示词作谓语，若与主语之间是主动关系，应考虑用主动语态；若是被动关系则考
虑用被动语态。
(2)被动语态的基本形式为：be＋过去分词。
(3)运用上面的技法来判断是什么时态的被动语态，再根据主谓一致判断be 动词的形式。
2.主动表被动
(1)当feel，look，smell，taste，sound 等后面接形容词时；
(2)当read，sell，wear，write，wash 等作不及物动词表示主语内在“品质”或“性能”时；
知识点3 主谓一致
确定“主谓一致”
项目
主语
谓语动词
语法
一致
不可数名词、单数可数名词、动名词(短语)、动词不定式、主语从句、
the number of＋复数可数名词
单数
复数可数名词，and 连接的两个名词，a number of＋复数可数名词
复数
(together) with, as well as, but, except, along with, rather than, in addition to,
including 等连接的主语
与前面主语一致
意义
一致
“the＋形容词”表示抽象概念；强调整体的集合名词
单数
“the＋形容词”表示一类人或物；强调个体的集合名词
复数
就近
一致
neither... nor..., either... or..., not only... but also..., not... but...等连接的主语；
“here/there＋谓语＋主语”结构中的主语不止一个时
与邻近主语一致
考查有明确时间状语的动词时态
1.（2025 年1 月浙江高考）The concept 62 (be) certainly not new — men have been renting good suits
for decades — but for female shoppers, it is just taking off. This clothing-as-service model follows the broader
societal movement towards shared economies.
2. （2022• 新高考I 卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ______
(be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to
increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
1.本题中的解题关键是：previously (之前地)，可是很多考生不知道这个词的意思，造成解题失误。如
果考生不能准确理解文章的意思，试题中will 也对考生造成误导，由将来时转到一般过去时的跨度较大。
再者，本句还是一个长难句。
2.找准试题中的时间关键线索是解题的关键所在。
3.高考试题中的主谓一致一般难度都较小，只要我们能判断出真正的主语是谁或者说主语的核心词是
谁就可以了。本题中areas 是主语，故用were。
3.（2024 浙江1 月卷）Over the last two years, some supermarkets __________ (start) selling chicken or salad in
packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份).
固定句型中的时态
（2022·新课标II 卷）Henry _________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric
hanging from the balcony.
利用平行关系解决时态问题
（2021·浙江卷）After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and _________
(sell) most of their furniture.
利用平行关系解决时态问题
考查动词时态的题目有时可以根据句子或谓语动词之间的平行关系词“and, but, or, rather than,
neither... nor..., not only... but also...”等前后的谓语动词的时态必须一致来确定时态。
利用语境解决时态问题
1.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 60 (walk) visitors through a
journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the
first time.
2.（2022·浙江卷）When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” he _________ (notice)her
smile right away. ”I can actually feel what you see when you look at it,” he said.
考查动词的语态
1.（2021·浙江1 月卷）It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a
BMI of between 19 and 25 _________ (consider) healthy.
2.（2024·新高考II 卷）A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace
Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ___41___ (build)at the
Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
确定谓语动词语态的关键是弄明白所给动词与其对应的主语之间的逻辑关系。如果所给动词的主语是
动作的执行者，则用主动语态；若所给动词的主语是动作的承受者，则用被动语态。
1．“一定”辨明主语、谓语和时态。
2．牢记常考时态的被动语态结构，一般时态中be done＝get/become done; 牢记主动表被动含义的常
见结构，如“用作不及物意义的动词＋副词”。
考查主谓一致
1.（2025·全国II 卷）And in the process, I’ve experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine
scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes 61 (be) one of them.
2.（2025·全国I 卷）“The players’ personalities 60 (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are
exposed to the opponent,” she adds.
3.（2025·全国I 卷）A decent winner always 61 (try) to beat the opponent by no more than one or two
points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side.
1.（2026·广东省中山市第一中学高三第二次模拟预测）In a factory workshop in Huangchuan County, central
China’s Henan Province, skillful workers stretch pieces of dough (面团) very carefully. They press and turn the
dough into thin strips, and then use wooden sticks to pull them apart gently. These strips 61 (hang) to
dry, and finally they become the famous hollow tribute noodles (空心贡面) of the area.
2.（2026·安徽省六安第二中学高三上学期10 月月考）Nursena Burus, a 19-year-old from the historical city of
Manisa on Türkiye’s Aegean coast, 31 (develop) a taste for Chinese culture thanks to its cuisine and her
travels around the country in the past few months.
3.（2026·湖南省长沙麓山国际实验学校高三上学期9 月考）By 2024, The Monsters IP (centered on Labubu)
14 (earn) over 3 billion RMB, pushing Pop Mart’s global expansion.
考点二 提示词是动词—考查非谓语动词
确定作非谓语
分析句子结构，所给提示词是动词时，若句中已有谓语动词，又无连词时，则考虑填非谓语动词。
知识点1 非谓语动词作状语
1．寻找线索
(1)挖空句有谓语动词，通常用逗号把状语与主干分隔开。
(2)我们需要认真分析句子结构，明确句子成分，先甄别出句子的主干，再确定用哪种形式作状语。
2．解题指导
(1)找句子主干：认真阅读挖空的句子，找出句子的主语、谓语(和宾语)，从而正确理解句意。
(2)确定谓语动词和非谓语动词：分析所给的提示词与主语和谓语动词之间的关系。
(3)确定填哪种非谓语动词形式：
①主语与提示词是逻辑上的主谓关系：表目的，用to do; 表出乎意料的结果，用only to do; 表时间、
条件、原因、让步、伴随、自然而然的结果，用doing。
②主语与提示词是逻辑上的动宾关系：表动作还未发生，用to be done; 表动作已经发生，用done。
3．难点解析
①若现在分词的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，则用现在分词的完成形式(having done)。
②若与句中主语为逻辑上的动宾关系，且先于谓语动词动作发生，用现在分词完成式的被动形式(having
been done)。
③独立成分作状语
④不定式的一般式：to do / to be done
I asked him to attend the meeting.
The theme park, to be opened in 2025, will attract people all over the country.
⑤不定式的进行式：to be doing
He seems to be
reading
English poems.
⑥不定式的完成式：to have done / to have been done
He is said to have
translated
the book into English last year.
He claimed to have
been
badly
treated
in the supermarket when he was shopping yesterday.
⑦不定式的完成进行式：to have been doing
She is said to have
been
writing
the novel about New York for many years.
知识点2 非谓语动词作定语
1．寻找线索
(1)空格可在名词或代词之前，也可在名词或代词之后，对该名词或代词起修饰或限定作用。
(2)如果有逗号隔开，放在名词或代词之后，通常对该名词进行补充说明，其作用相当于一个非限制性
定语从句。
2．解题指导
(1)如果名词中心词是该动作的发出者，通常用现在分词(短语)作定语。
(2)如果名词中心词是该动作的承受者，通常用过去分词(短语)作定语。
(3)如果表示未发生的动作，且名词中心词是该动作的承受者，通常用动词不定式作定语。
知识点3 非谓语动词作表语
1．寻找线索
非谓语动词作表语包括现在分词、过去分词和动词不定式三种。空格通常在系动词 be, become, get,
seem, appear, look, turn 等之后，描述主语的特点或状态。
2．解题指导
(1)主语是表示人的名词或代词，通常用过去分词作表语，表示主语的心情和感受。
(2)主语是表示事物的名词或代词，通常用现在分词作表语，表示事物的特点。
(3)动词不定式作表语通常表示未发生的动作。
知识点4 非谓语动词作宾语
1．寻找线索
动词不定式和动名词都可以充当宾语。牢记非谓语动词作宾语的固定结构：
得分速记
(1)介词(如by, for, of, with, without, after 等)之后加动名词作宾语，注意to 的身份识别。
(2)只能跟动名词作宾语的动词和短语：advise, admit, allow, avoid, appreciate, ban, delay, deny; be
accustomed to, be devoted to, lead to, object to 等。
(3)在下列动词之后，常接不定式作宾语：decide, demand, offer, hope, promise, agree, plan, manage,
refuse, wish, pretend, learn, want 等。
2．解题指导
(1)仔细观察挖空的句子。
(2)找出(句子的)谓语动词。
(3)确定填动名词还是动词不定式。
知识点5 非谓语动词作主语
1．寻找线索
主语是谓语陈述的对象，通常位于句首。动名词(doing)和动词不定式(to do)都可以充当主语。
2．解题指导
(1)句中缺少主语，找到句子的谓语部分，确定应用doing 还是to do 作主语。
(2)表示抽象的、习惯性的或经常性的动作用doing，表具体某一次的动作用to do。
(3)掌握用动名词或不定式作主语的句型：
①It's ＋adj.(hard/difficult/easy/possible/kind 等)(＋for/of sb)＋to do sth
②It's no use/no good/no fun/a pleasure/no pleasure/a waste of time doing sth
③It takes sb＋some time/money＋to do sth
知识点6 非谓语动词作补足语
1．寻找线索
动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词都可充当宾语补足语。
得分速记
(1)不定式作宾补：allow, ask, beg, command, encourage, expect, forbid, invite, persuade, tell 等＋sb to do
sth。
(2)have sb/sth doing “让某人/某物一直做”； have sb/sth done “使某人/某物被……”。
(3)with 复合结构
①with＋宾语＋to do，表示动作还未发生；
②with＋宾语＋doing，表示主动、动作正在进行；
③with＋宾语＋done，表示被动、动作已完成。
2．解题指导
(1)动词不定式作宾语补足语，通常表示一个宾语发出的动作。在一些结构中必须用动词不定式作宾语
补足语。
(2)现在分词作宾语补足语，宾语是动作的发出者，表示一个正在进行的、主动的动作。
(3)过去分词作宾语补足语，宾语是动作的承受者，表示一个完成的、被动的动作。
查非谓语动词作状语
1.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals
open on warm days 58 (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.
2.（2024·新高考II 卷）___44___ (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in
Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony
Pavilion.
1.找句子主干：认真阅读挖空的句子，找出句子的主语、谓语(和宾语)，从而正确理解句意。
2.确定谓语动词和非谓语动词：分析所给的提示词与主语和谓语动词之间的关系。
3.确定填哪种非谓语动词形式：
①主语与提示词是逻辑上的主谓关系：表目的，用to do; 表出乎意料的结果，用only to do; 表时间、
条件、原因、让步、伴随、自然而然的结果，用doing。
②主语与提示词是逻辑上的动宾关系：表动作还未发生，用to be done; 表动作已经发生，用done。
2 考查非谓语动词作定语
2. (2025 年1 月·浙江卷)Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women 60 (rent) rather than purchase
them outright, providing a less expensive solution to one-time event dressing.
不定式作定语
①常接不定式作定语的词有：chance，opportunity，ability，decision，right（权利），不定代词等。
1)The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself.
2)Today I have nothing/something to say at the conference.
②不定式作定语，修饰序数词等She was the first/second/third/tenth (student) to come to school today.
2. （2024·新高考II 卷）A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace
Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, ___40___ (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, was built at
the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
过去分词作定语
1.过去分词作定语只有一个词时，通常放在被修饰的名词前面(但也有例外)，是一个短语作定语时，就
放在被修饰的名词之后。过去分词作定语时，被修饰的名词与过去分词之间是被动关系。
2. 以下过去分词作定语只表示完成，不表示被动:
a fallen tree/leaf:倒下的树/落叶the risen sun/moon:升起了的太阳/月亮
a faded rose:凋谢的玫瑰花a retired worker: 退休工人
an escaped prisoner:逃犯
a returned student: 归国留学生
3. (2023·新高考Ⅱ卷) They talk to the flood of international tourists and to (visit) Chinese
zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.
现在分词(短语)作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主动关系，表示该动作的主动和进行。
表示心理状态的动词－ing 形式，意为“令人……的”；动词－ed 形式，意为“(人)感到……的”，也可修
饰体现内心感受的look，expression，tears，smile，voice 等名词。
考查非谓语动词作宾补
1.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷）Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them (lift) out
of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents.
动词不定式在平时模拟考试中，考查的频度较大，导致很多学生产生思维定势，见到不定式的题就用一般
式to do 的形式，这是平时训练的缺陷。临近高考前要进一步强化，做到查漏补缺。
2.（2022·浙江卷）Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not __________ (do).
不定式作宾语补足语
①常接不定式作宾补的动词有：ask/beg/require/request/tell/advise/allow/permit/cause/encourage/expect/
wish/force/oblige/invite/
need/order/persuade/remind/teach/urge/want/get/like/hate/warn/help/prefer sb to do……:
例：Miss Janson persuaded the boy not to smoke any more.
②在feel, hear, listen to, look at, see, watch, notice, let, make, have 等动词在主动语态时，后面作宾
语补足语接的动词前不能加to； 但以上动词如为被动语态，后面接的动词前要加to。
1）Paul doesn’t have to be made to learn. He always works hard.
2）The teacher is often listened to to sing the English song at home.
考查非谓语动词作宾语
1. (2025 年1 月·浙江卷)“I really want to make this work for people’s lives today, and I know that doesn’t always
mean 65 (return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend,” she says.
2.（2024·全国甲卷）Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend
41 （catch）our attention because of their large size and variety.
不定式作宾语
1.常接不定式作宾语的词：like/love/want/wish/hope/expect/desire/hate/prefer/continue/manage/try/ask/
beg/demand/afford/offer/fail/start/begin/forget/remember/promise/mean/intend/attempt/decide/determine/learn/
agree/choose/pretend/arrange to do…:
2.it 作形式宾语代不定式: find/think/consider/feel/make it + 形/名 + to 不定式: 发现/认为/使得做…
是…We find it necessary to master German and French.
考查非谓语动词作主语和表语
1.（2021·英语全国甲卷）It is possible ______ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
2.（2018 新课标III 卷）I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he
doesn't feel_____________(challenge).
3.His (fail) in the exam again made him ashamed and he hung down his head in shame.
非谓语动词作主语
不定式作主语：
1．不定式作主语：动词用单数。To do morning exercises is useful for our health.
2．表示具体的某次动作，特别是将来发生的动作，多用不定式作主语。表示比较抽象的一般行为或
者经常性习惯性的动作时，多用doing 作主语。
3．在下列两个句型中it 是形式主语，不定式是真正主语；of sb 和for sb 是不定式的逻辑主语：
A. It is/was + 形容词（of sb）to do sth.
【赞扬，责备的形容词通常用of sb 作逻辑主语：wrong, right, kind, nice, brave, careful, careless,
greedy, honest, lazy, modest, selfish, thoughtful, impolite, polite, clever, foolish, silly, stupid, cruel, rude,
generous，considerate…】
B. It is/was + 形容词（for sb）to do sth.
【以下形容词通常用for sb 作逻辑主语：easy, hard, difficult, important, necessary, impossible,
possible, safe, dangerous, unusual, wonderful…。多数情况都用for sb 作逻辑主语。】
1)It is polite (of you) to respect the old.
2)It is important (for us) to do as the Romans do.
考查非谓语动词的时态和语态（培优难点）
1．The little boy seems (read) the novel and knows the details.
2．（2026·福建省泉州市第七中学月考）Do let your mother know all the truth, she appears to (tell)
everything.
3．The students appear (work) hard for the coming exam, spending hours in the library every day.
4．I happened (wait) for the bus when the accident happened.
5．Most importantly, the show is scheduled (hold) next Friday.
6．（2026·福建省漳州市第一中学月考） （work） for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on
schedule.
7．With more forests (destroy), a lot of good earth is being washed away each year.
8．（2026·河南省顶级名校高三上学期月考） (talk) to change my attitude, I finally got the right way
to rid myself of carelessness and gained confidence as well.
非谓语动词综合检测
1.（2026·湖南省长沙麓山国际实验学校高三上学期9 月考）Pop Mart’s strategy—blind boxes, limited
releases, social ads—made Labubu viral( 爆火的). Labubu’ s success, 13 (fuel) by the promotion of
celebrities like Lisa and Rihanna, shows no signs of slowing down.
2.（2026·安徽省六安第二中学高三上学期10 月月考）She often followed the recommended foods on the
popular short video-sharing platform Douyin 38 (explore) new restaurants and shared photos of her
culinary adventures on her WeChat Moments.
3.（2026·四川省绵阳市高三英语第一学月模拟）
42
(know) as the “happy family,” the beloved panda
family has four members: a male giant panda named Kai Kai, a female giant panda named Xin Xin, and their
babies.
4.（2026·四川省绵阳市高三英语第一学月模拟）
48
(ensure) the well-being of the panda family, a regular
exchange and training approach was established between the Macao Giant Panda Pavilion and the Chengdu
Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding.
5.（2026·广东省中山市第一中学高三第二次模拟预测）
64
(date) back to the Tang Dynasty (618-907),
the noodle earned its name when it was presented to the emperor as a form of tribute.
非谓语动词形式突破专练
1．The topic (discuss) now has drawn some experts’ attention.
2． (trap) in the river for five hours, the thief looked very pale and exhausted.
3．（2026·河北省石家庄市月考） (live) abroad for many years, the old man finally returned to his
hometown.
4．In fact, as we approached the village, we saw new houses (build).
5．Rose showed no anxiety before the competition. She seemed (prepare) for it pretty well.
6．Today we have chat rooms, text messages, emails... but we seem (lose) the art of communicating
face to face.
7．The naughty boy pretended (read) when the headmaster came into the classroom.
8．It is those who are willing to give rather than receive that deserve (respect).
9．If he was treated in a proper way, he was likely (save).
10．The work is due (finish) by the end of this month, but it has not been finished due to the
pandemic.
11．I’m too happy (invite) to your birthday party.
12． (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co-existence of old and new.
13． (wait) for an hour, he realized he had left his wallet at home.
14． (see) the photos of the coastal city, I have no desire to visit it; it’s crowded all year.
考点三 提示词为动词—考查转换为名词或形容词
1、动词变为名词
名词后缀
示例
－er/
－or
announce→announcer 广播员 conduct→conductor 指挥；售票员
instruct→instructor 指导者，教师 design→designer 设计师
－ment
achieve→achievement 成就 argue→argument 辩论；论据
equip →equipment 装备；设备 govern→government 政府
－y
recover→recovery 恢复 discover→discovery 发现
－ance/
－ence
appear→appearance 出现；外貌 perform→performance 表演；表现
prefer→preference 偏爱 refer→reference 参考，查阅
－ure/
－ture
fail→failure 失败；倒闭 press→pressure 压力
depart→departure 离开；出发 mix→mixture 混合(物)
－ing
hear→hearing 听力，听觉 begin→beginning 开始
build→building 建筑 warn→warning 警告
－ion/
－tion/
－sion/
correct→correction 改正 celebrate→celebration 庆祝
conclude→conclusion 结论；结束 discuss→discussion 讨论；论述
decide→decision 决定 admit→admission 承认；准许加入
permit→permission 允许，许可 invite→invitation 邀请
explain→explanation 解释 expect→expectation 期望
2、动词变形容词
形容词后缀
示例
－able
enjoy vt.享受→enjoyable adj.令人愉快的
suit vt.适合→suitable adj.合适的adjust vt.调节→adjustable adj. 可调整的
－ed
frustrate vt.使沮丧→frustrated adj. 沮丧的annoy vt.使生气→annoyed adj. 恼怒的
－ing
convince vt.说服，使信服→convincing adj.令人信服的
thrill vt.使兴奋 → thrilling adj.令人兴奋的
－ful
forget vt.忘记→forgetful adj.健忘的
succeed vt.成功→successful adj. 成功的
－ive
comprehend v. 理解→comprehensive adj. 综合性的
create v. 创造→creative adj. 有创造力的
－ant
tolerate v.容忍→tolerant adj. 宽容的，容忍的
ignore v. 忽视→ignorant adj. 无知的，愚昧的
动词转换成名词
1.（2025 年1 月·浙江卷）Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women to rent rather than purchase them
outright, providing a less expensive 61 (solve) to one-time event dressing.
2. （2024 年1 月浙江高考真题）Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions
because of the 60 (criticize) that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items.
动词转换成形容词
1. （2024·新高考I 卷）These sepals open on warm days to give the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold
weather, the structure stays 59 (close) to protect the plants.
2. （2023·新高考I 卷）Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling
wrappers, encasing hot, 36 (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street
food.
1.（2026·湖南省长沙麓山国际实验学校高三上学期9 月考）Labubu, a snaggletoothed forest sprite(精灵)from
Kasing Lung’s “The Monsters”, has grown from a non-mainstream favorite to a globally 11 (collect) hit.
2.（2026·湖南省长沙麓山国际实验学校高三上学期9 月考）Labubu’s appeal spans Asia, with long lines at
releases and extensive 15 (cover) in major media like BBC．
3.（2026·安徽省六安第二中学高三上学期10 月月考）Burus says that Chinese cuisines are rich and 39
(taste), and the convenient digital payment system amazes her.
4.（2026·四川省绵阳市高三英语第一学月模拟）“Every moment of their growth is 49 (forget) —their
first time opening eyes, turning over, crawling and growing teeth...
5.(2026·浙江省天域全国名校协作体高三一模)Ethnic groups like the Zhuang integrate traditional patterns that
often describe traditional stories or natural elements, conveying wishes for happiness and harmony. Dongyang
woodcarving, represented by the contemporary artist Lu Guangzheng, gains worldwide 58 (recognize).
考点四 提示词为名词—考查名词复数、所有格和词形转换
知识点1 名词复数
1. 牢记名词变复数的5 种变化形式
(1)一般情况下，在词尾直接加-s：book→ books, mouth→ mouths, house→ houses, girl→
girls
(2)以-s, -x, -ch, -sh 结尾的名词，在词尾加-es：glass→ glasses, box→ boxes, match→ matches
(3)以辅音字母＋-y 结尾的名词，变y 为i 再加-es；city→ cities, country→ countries, party→
parties
(4) 【注意】以o 结尾的名词常在词尾加-s：radios, zoos, pianos, kilos, photos；加-es 的有以
下词：heroes, Negroes, tomatoes, potatoes。
(5) 【注意】以-f，-fe 结尾的名词
①少数直接加-s：roof→ roofs，belief→ beliefs。
②一般以-f 或-fe 结尾的名词要变f 或fe 为v 再加-es：self, life, thief, wife, knife, leaf, shelf,
wolf, half。
2．名词在不定代词few, a few, other, all, both, many, several 等后时，要想到用复数形式。
3．谓语动词为复数形式，要想到作主语的名词用复数形式。
4．【注意】注意一些不规则变化的名词复数，如child→ children, man→ men, tooth→ teeth,
foot→ feet, woman→ women 等。但human→ humans（准确记住不规则变化一轮复习不留
知识死角。）
5．有些词用复数形式表示祝愿、礼貌或客气等，如congratulations(祝贺)、regards(问候)、
respects(敬意)、thanks(谢谢)、wishes(祝愿)等。
6 ．【高频再现】一些固定短语中的名词只用复数形式，常见的有：make friends
with(与……交朋友)、shake hands with...(与……握手)、take measures(采取措施)、make
preparations for(为……作准备)、in high spirits(兴高采烈地)。
7．常考的不可数名词
(1)表物质的不可数名词：baggage/luggage(行李)、cash(现金)、meat(肉)、paper(纸张)等。
(2)表抽象概念的不可数名词：work(工作)、knowledge(知识)、luck(运气)、scenery(风景)、traffic(交通)
等。
(3)【注意】永远不可数的重点名词：advice(建议)、equipment(设备)、fun(乐趣)、furniture(家具)、
progress(进步)、news/word(消息)等。（一定记牢）
得分速记
名词单复数的形式比较复杂，注意掌握好以下的情况
(1)有些名词一般不用复数形式，但可用复数形式来表达不同的类别
fishes 各种鱼；fruits 各种水果；steels 各种钢材
(2)有些名词的单复数形式表达不同的含义
snow 雪, snows 积雪; two people 两个人，two peoples 两个民族
(3)glass 一词作 “玻璃”解时，为物质名词，不可数
The cup is made of glass. 作 “玻璃杯”解时，则为个体名词，可数；如I bought ten glasses this morning. 作
“眼镜”解时，须用复数形式glasses.如: a man with thick glasses
(4)paper 一词作“纸”解时，不可数
write on paper; 作“报纸”“文件”“考卷”解时，则可数,如: hand in your test papers
(5)物质名词表示数量时，一般用表示数量的短语来表示。of 之前的数量名词，要根据情况使用单数或复数
形式
a cup of tea; four pieces of bread; a cake of soap
(6)有些抽象名词的复数形式表示不同的含义
time(时间)→times( 时代，次，倍数) work(工作)→ works( 著作，工厂，工事)
air(空气) →airs( 气派，架子,姿态 ) look(看)→looks(容貌)
custom(习惯) →customs(海关) advice(劝告)→advices(消息)
arm(手臂)→arms(军火) damage(损坏)→damages(赔偿金)
glass(玻璃)→glasses(眼镜,玻璃杯) good(利益)→ goods(货物)
compass(指南针)→compasses(圆规) manner(态度) →manners(礼貌,习俗)
知识点2 名词所有格
1.有生命的名词，其所有格一般在名词后加-'s。
2.表示时间、城市、地域、团体、机构等非生命的事物后也可加-'s 表示其所有格。
3.无生命的名词，借用of 表示所属关系。
4.【注意】如果一样东西为两个人共有，则只在后一个名词后加-'s，如果不是共有的则两个名词后都要
加-'s。
Jane and Mary's mother 简和玛丽的妈妈(共有，暗示简和玛丽是姐妹关系)
Jane's and Mary's mothers 简的妈妈和玛丽的妈妈(不是共有，分别指两位妈妈)
5.【注意】双重所有格：“a/two/some... ＋名词＋of＋名词's/名词性物主代词”构成双重所有格，“of＋名
词所有格”中的名词必须表示人，不能表示事物。
a friend of her mother's 她妈妈的一个朋友
two photos of hers 她的两张照片
知识点3 提示词是名词的词形转换
1.名词考查转化为形容词或动词的后缀
后缀
示例
--y
sun→sunny 有阳光的，晴朗的 guilt →guilty 内疚的
--ed
balance→balanced 平衡的
gift →gifted 有天赋的
--ful
meaning→meaningful 有意义的
colour→colourful 五彩缤纷的
--able
suit →suitable 合适的
change→changeable 易变的
--ous
courage→courageous 勇敢的
mystery →mysterious 神秘的
--al
addition→additional 附加的
globe→global 全球的
--ly
friend→friendly 友好的
love→lovely 可爱的
--en
wood→wooden
木制的
wool→woolen 羊毛的
--cal
politics →political 政治的
ecology→ ecological 生态的
--ant
significance →significant 有意义的
ignorance→ ignorant 无知的
--cial
commerce →commercial 商业的
finance →financial 金融的
-en
deep→deepen 变深，加深 length→lengthen 延长
后缀
示例
--y
sun→sunny 有阳光的，晴朗的 guilt →guilty 内疚的
--ed
balance→balanced 平衡的
gift →gifted 有天赋的
--ful
meaning→meaningful 有意义的
colour→colourful 五彩缤纷的
--able
suit →suitable 合适的
change→changeable 易变的
--ous
courage→courageous 勇敢的
mystery →mysterious 神秘的
--al
addition→additional 附加的
globe→global 全球的
--ly
friend→friendly 友好的
love→lovely 可爱的
--en
wood→wooden
木制的
wool→woolen 羊毛的
--cal
politics →political 政治的
ecology→ ecological 生态的
--ant
significance →significant 有意义的
ignorance→ ignorant 无知的
--cial
commerce →commercial 商业的
finance →financial 金融的
-en
deep→deepen 变深，加深 length→lengthen 延长
2．名词转化为名词后缀
后缀
例词
－ian/
－ist/
music→ musician 音乐家politics→ politician 政治家
science→ scientist 科学家piano→ pianist 钢琴家
①history→ historian 历史学家library→ librarian 图书管理员
②cycle→ cyclist 骑自行车的人
1、考查名词复数
1.（2025 年1 月·浙江卷）As people now choose to wear more clothes fewer 57 (time), clothing rental
services have become increasingly popular.
2.（2024·新高考Ⅰ卷）These plants included modern Western 62 (favourite) such as rosemary,
lavender and fennel.
判断名词复数方法
根据规则确定名词单复数
1.如果空格处被these, several, many 和数词等修饰时, 要考虑用名词的复数形式;
2.如果一般现在时的谓语动词是动词原形或are, 要考虑用名词的复数形式。
3.（2021·新高考I 卷 ）The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny
we (human) are.
注意不规则名词的复数，尤其是不要进行错误推理，要全面复习。2021 年高考中的human 的复数形式，很
多同学因为类比出现错误，误写成humen。
考向2 考查名词所有格
1.（2025 年1 月·浙江卷） “I really want to make this work for 64 (people) lives today, and I know
that doesn’t always mean returning a dress on the Monday after a special weekend,” she says.
2.（2022·新高考全国Ⅱ卷）“He saved my ______ (son) life,” said Mrs. Brown.
名词的所有格
1.如果一样东西为两个人共有，则只在后一个名词后加-'s，如果不是共有的则两个名词后都要加-'s。
Jane and Mary's mother 简和玛丽的妈妈(共有，暗示简和玛丽是姐妹关系)
Jane's and Mary's mothers 简的妈妈和玛丽的妈妈(不是共有，分别指两位妈妈)
2.双重所有格：“a/two/some... ＋名词＋of＋名词's/名词性物主代词”构成双重所有格，“of＋名词所
有格”中的名词必须表示人，不能表示事物。
a friend of her mother's 她妈妈的一个朋友
two photos of hers 她的两张照片
3、考查提示词是名词的词形转换
1. (2024 新课标I 卷)The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective 57 (function)
structure that is also beautiful.
2.（2023 全国乙卷）The 69 (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect
the past while stepping into the modern world, means there is always something new to discover here, and I could
be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
3.（2023 浙江1 月卷）The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by (space) homes and walled
gardens.
1.（2026·四川省绵阳市高三英语第一学月模拟）“Every moment of their growth is unforgettable —their first
time opening eyes, turning over, crawling and growing 50 (tooth)...
2.（2026·浙江省嘉兴市高三上学期9 月月考）Another benefit of mindful eating is improved digestion. When
we eat too quickly, we often take large 75 (bite) and don’t chew properly.
3.（2025·浙江省名校协作体适应性考试）A (student) college experience is his or her own, and the
student must put his or her education first.
4.You’ll hear these (participate) stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and
what traps they encountered that you should avoid.
5.（2026·广东省中山市第一中学高三第二次模拟预测）The noodles are very thin, with a hole in the middle.
When cooked, they stay firm and don’t get soft or 67 (stick).
6.（2025·湖北省孝感市八校高三三模联考）Railway authorities have even added two additional high-speed
trains between the 48 (province) capital Jinan and Zibo on weekends to meet the growing passenger
demand.
考点五 提示词为形容词、副词—考查形容词、副词比较等级及词形转换
知识点1 形容词、副词的词性转化
1.形容词的词形转换
类别
例词
词尾加-y
cloud→cloudy, luck→lucky, health→healthy, sleep→sleepy
词尾加-(e)d
gift→gifted, talent→talented, advance→advanced, excite→excited
词尾加ing
surprise→surprising, convince→convincing, frighten→frightening
词尾加-ful/-
less
meaning→meaningful/meaningless, care→careful/careless, help→helpful/helpless,
harm→harmful/harmless, home→homeless, colour→colourful/colourless, use→useful/useless,
thank→thankful/thankless, peace→peaceful/peaceless
词尾加-able
comfort→comfortable, knowledge→knowledgeable, accept→acceptable, respect→respectable
词尾加-ous
danger→dangerous, courage→courageous, humour→humorous
词尾的-ce 变
为-t
confidence→confident, difference→different
词尾加-al
music→musical, person→personal, nation→national, education→educational,
tradition→traditional
词尾加-ly
friend→friendly, week→weekly, love→lovely
词尾加-en
wood→wooden, wool→woolen
其他常见变
化
energy→energetic, fool→foolish, pleasure→pleasant/pleased, science→scientific
以重读闭音节结尾的名词变成形容词时，要双写该辅音字母再加-y(如sun→sunny,
fun→funny 等)，以e 结尾的名词要去掉e 再加-y(如noise→noisy, ice→icy, taste→tasty 等)
动词词尾加
ive/ative
attract→attractive, talk→talkative, prevent→preventive, protect→protective
2.副词的词形转换规律总结
类别
例词
形容词＋后缀-ly
clear→clearly, great→greatly, loud→loudly, sudden→suddenly, sincere→sincerely
以辅音字母加-y 结尾的
形容词，把y 变成i 再
加-ly
happy→happily, heavy→heavily, angry→angrily, lucky→luckily,
noisy→noisily*shy→shyly(y 的发音为/aɪ/，直接加ly)
词尾为ble/le 的形容词，
去掉e，再加-y
terrible→terribly, possible→possibly, gentle→gently, probable→probably,
comfortable→comfortably, responsible→responsibly, suitable→suitably (例外：
whole→wholly)
词尾为-ue 的形容词，去
掉e 再加-ly
true→truly(高中阶段仅此一例)
词尾为-ll 的形容词，直
接加-y
full→fully, dull→dully
词尾为-ic 的形容词，
加-ally
basic→basically, scientific→scientifically, specific→specifically,
automatic→automatically
知识点2 形容词、副词比较等级
形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成(＋er/est)转换
以e 结尾
＋r/st
late—later—latest
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾
变－y 为i，＋er/est
early—earlier—earliest
以重读闭音节结尾(末尾只有一个
辅音字母)
双写结尾字母＋er/est
big—bigger—biggest
多音节和部分双音节结尾
前面加more/most
beautiful—more beautiful—most
beautiful
(1)有少数几个双音节形容词，既可以加er 和est，又可以加more 和most 构成比较
级和最高级。这些双音节词有：common, handsome, quiet, pleasant, cruel, stupid, friendly 等。
(2)有些形容词没有程度可分或形容词本身就表示某种程度，因此没有比较级和最高级。这类形容词有：
right (正确的), wrong (错误的), excellent (优秀的), possible (可能的), empty (空的), first (第一的), wooden (木
制的), final (最后的), east (东方的), last (最后的), favourite (最喜欢的)等。
(3)不规则变化
原级
比较级
最高级
good, well
better
best
bad, badly, ill
worse
worst
many, much
more
most
little
less
least
far
farther(指时间或空间上
“更远的”)
farthest(指时间或空间上“最久的；最远
的”)
further(指空间距离“更远
的”；在更大程度上)
furthest(指空间距离“最远的”；在最大程
度上)
old
older/elder
oldest/eldest
知识点3 形容词、副词的比较级相关的句型
(1)同级比较
①as＋adj./adv. (原形)＋as... “和……一样”；not as/so＋adj./adv. (原形)＋as... “和……不一样”
②当as... as 结构中有名词时，可用以下结构：
as＋形容词原级＋a(n)＋n. ＋as...
as＋many＋可数名词复数＋as...
as＋much＋不可数名词＋as...
(2)比较级
“形容词/副词比较级＋than”表示“两者中一方比另一方更……”。“less＋形容词/副词原级＋than”结
构，表示“一方不及另一方……”。
the＋比较级＋of the two＋名词/代词“两者中较……的”。
Who is the younger of the two boys?
这两个男孩中较小的是哪一个？
介词in 和of 引导的短语说明比较的范围。如果在一定的地域空间内进行比较用in；如果在同一类事物
范围内进行比较用of。
修饰比较等级的副词：much, even, still, far, yet, a little, a lot, a bit, rather, any 等。more, very 等副词不可
修饰比较级。
(3)最高级
①表示三者或三者以上的比较，常见的结构：“the＋最高级＋表示比较范围的短语或从句”，表示
“……是……中最……的”。
②最高级的其他表达法
否定词＋比较级
比较级＋than＋any other＋单数名词
比较级＋than＋all the other＋复数名词
比较级＋than＋any of the other＋复数名词
比较级＋than anything/anyone else
有些词本身就有最高级含义，不能再用最高级形式，常见的：favourite，wonderful，exhausted 等；有
些词本身有比较级含义，故不与than 连用，如be senior to 等。
(4)含有比较等级的特殊句型
①the＋adj. /adv. 比较级， the＋adj. /adv. 比较级 “越……，越……”
②adj. /adv. 比较级＋and＋adj. /adv. 比较级“越来越……”
③the＋adj. 比较级＋of the two＋名词“某人或某物是两者中较……的那个”
④no more than“仅仅”， not more than“至多；不超过”
⑤more... than... “与其说……不如说……”
⑥no＋比较级＋than “和……一样不……”
⑦not＋比较级＋than “不比……更……”
⑧倍数句型
A is＋倍数＋比较级＋than＋B
A is＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B
A is＋倍数＋the＋名词(size, length, height 等)＋of＋B
考查形容词、副词的词形转换
1.(2023•
Ⅰ
新高考卷) No matter where I buy them, one steamer is (rare) enough, yet two seems
greedy, so I am always left wanting more next time.
2.(2023•1 月新高考浙江卷) The term “hutong”, ________ (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian,
appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
3.Paper is cheap, handy, portable (轻便的), ________(replace), changeable, and you can cut it into any size or
shape you want.
形容词后缀-able
1.能……的；可……的
rely→reliable 可信赖的，可依靠的
特别提醒：词尾的e 去还是不去，一定记清楚，考试出错就在一瞬间
change→changeable
易变的
admire→admirable 可钦佩的
believe→believable可相信的
2.具有……的特点
enjoy→enjoyable
令人愉快的
特别提醒：词尾的e 去还是不去，一定记清楚，考试出错就在一瞬间
value→valuable
有价值的
knowledge→knowledgeable 有丰富知识的，博学的
考查形容词、副词的比较级及相关句型
1.（2024·全国甲卷）Yellowstone was the 49 （large）United States national park—2.2 million acres—
until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, which became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a
national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
2.(2023·1 月新高考浙江卷) Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers. Their siheyuan were far
smaller in scale and ________ (simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower.
3.(2022·全国甲卷) In the last five years， Cao has walked through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he
reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ______ (high) mountain.
1.（2026·四川省绵阳市高三英语第一学月模拟）“Kai Kai and Xin Xin have adapted 45 (good) here,”
said Han, a panda breeder (饲养员).
2.(2026·浙江省天域全国名校协作体高三一模)Woodcarving, an ancient craft with 51 (globe) cultural
significance, involves shaping wood into delicate designs and figures.
3.（2026·广东省中山市第一中学高三第二次模拟预测）They’re a special cultural treasure of Henan, carrying
the 63 (wise) of many past generations. We must keep this skill alive and pass it on.”
考点六 提示词为代词—考查代词宾格、物主代词或反身代词
知识点1 人称代词
人称代词主格
I
we
you (你)
you (你们)
he
she
it
they
人称代词宾格
me
us
you
you
him
her
it
them
知识点2 物主代词
形容词性物主
代词
my
our
your (你的)
your (你们的)
his
her
its
their
名词性物主代
词
mine
ours
yours
yours
his
hers
its
theirs
知识点3 反身代词
反身代词
单数
myself
yourself
himself, herself, itself
复数
ourselves
yourselves
themselves
与反身代词相对的短语
enjoy oneself 玩得愉快
come to oneself 苏醒
by oneself 独自地
teach oneself 自学
devote oneself to 致力于……
of oneself 自动地
behave oneself 举止得体
help oneself to 自己取用……
for oneself 为自己
seat oneself 坐下
make oneself at home 不拘束
be oneself 身心自在
知识点4 与it 相关的句型
it 用于某些句型
It's (about/high) time＋that-从句
某人该做某事了(从句谓语用过去时，有时也用“should＋动词原形”)
It's the first/second... time＋that sb. has/have done 这是某人第几次做某事
It's＋时间段＋since-从句
自从……有多长时间了
It's＋时间段＋before-从句
过了多长时间才……
it 作形式主语(宾语)的用法
it 常作形式主语(宾语)，替代动词不定式、动名词或者名词性从句。
(1)it 作形式主语的句型
①It ＋be ＋adj. ＋(for sb.) to do sth. 常用于此句型的形容词有：easy, difficult, hard, necessary,
unnecessary, possible 等。
②It＋be＋adj.＋of sb. to do sth.此句型中的形容词描述的是人的品德、特征。能用于该句型的形容词
有：kind, nice, wise, silly, polite, impolite, friendly, foolish, clever 等。
③It＋be＋n.(＋for sb./sth.)＋to do sth.用于此句型的名词(短语)有：pity, shame, pleasure, fun, joy, good
manners, bad manners 等。
④It＋be＋adj./n.＋doing sth.用于此句型的形容词和名词(短语)常见的有：no/little use, no/much good,
useless, fun 等。
⑤It＋be＋n./adj.＋主语从句。在“It is natural/necessary/important/strange＋that 从句”中，从句的谓语
动词常用“should＋动词原形”，且should 可以省略。
(2)it 作形式宾语的情况
①主语＋believe/find/feel/think/guess/suppose/make＋it＋adj./n.＋不定式/动名词/从句。
②某些及物动词或短语后不能直接跟从句。此时须先用it，然后接从句，有此用法的动词(短语)：
like, dislike, hate, appreciate, depend on, rely on, count on 等。
考查代词的词形转换
1.（2024·全国甲卷）This area, with (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved
for all people of the nation to enjoy - as a national park.
2.（2020·新高考卷）As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and
imagine _________ (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.
提示词为代词，应考虑以下几种情况
1.若分析句子结构发现提示词作主语，则应考虑人称代词的主格形式；
2.若分析句子结构发现提示词作宾语，则应考虑人称代词的宾格形式；
3.若分析句子结构发现提示词作定语，则应考虑形容词性物主代词；
4.若分析句子结构发现提示词作动词或介词的宾语，且和主语是同一人时，则应考虑反身代词。
3.(2023 年新高考Ⅰ卷) Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to be lifted out of
the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of (they) contents.
考查代词的句法功能
1.（2018 新课标III 卷）When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find
(they) alive.
2.（2022·全国甲卷改编）Throughout her career (职业) as a professional dancer, ________ (her) toured in the
UK, but always longed to explore further.
考查代词it 的用法
（2022·北京卷改编）________it is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness.
1.（2026·安徽省六安第二中学高三上学期10 月月考）She arrived in China in February 2024, just before
Chinese New Year, and immediately involved 33 (she) in the lively, celebratory atmosphere.
2.（2025·河南省五市高三第一次联考）Seeking a hands-on experience, I realized the amazing patience and skill
applied behind every stitch(针)were such a miracle, weaving stories with threads. 38 struck me that this
isn’t just handcraft, but an art form and a slice of history.
考点七 提示词为基数词—考查其序数词或其他形式
知识点1 基数词和序数词的相互转换
①一般来说，序数词是由相应的基数词词尾加th 构成。
②十位整数序数词的构成方法是将y 变为i，再加e t h。
③两位或两位以上的基数词变成序数词时，仅将个位数变成序数词。
此外，常考的基数词、序数词一般会在100 以内，具体见下表。
one—first two—second three—third four—fourth five—fifth six—sixth seven—seventh eight—eighth nine—ninth
ten—tenth eleven—eleventh twelve—twelfth thirteen—thirteenth fourteen—fourteenth fifteen—fifteenth sixteen—
sixteenth seventeen—seventeenth eighteen—eighteenth nineteen—nineteenth twenty—twentieth thirty—thirtieth
forty—fortieth fifty—fiftieth sixty—sixtieth seventy—seventieth eighty—eightieth ninety—ninetieth
知识点2 与数词相关的表达法
①分数是由基数词作分子，序数词作分母构成的。除了分子是＂1＂的情况外，序数词都要用复数。
②表示某人的大约年龄，即“几十多岁”时，使用基数词的复数形式。“in sb.'s＋整十的基数词的复数”
意为“在某人几十多岁时”。如：in his fifties。
③当hundred, thousand, million, billion 前面有基数词时，用单数形式，词尾不加-s；前面有many, several, a
few 修饰时，仍用单数形式。如：several billion years。
④“数词＋普通名词＋形容词”构成的合成形容词中，数词和普通名词都要用单数形式。
考查基数词和序数词的转化
（2023·全国甲卷）Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s
fables date to the 62 (six) century, B. C.
考查与数词相关的表达法
(2025·上海长宁高三二模)A couple in their ________ (seventy) living in London, UK can choose to play golf in
councilrun courses costing from ￡10 each time.
1.Water shortage is one of the greatest crises facing us today, with two ________ (three) of the global population
living in areas where water is scarce (稀缺的) for a month or more every year.
2.Most Brits spend almost ________ (two) as much of their leisure time socializing with others as they do being
alone.
3.Whaling was a primary industry in Australia in the nineteenth and early ________ (twenty) centuries but whaling
in Australia was limited in 1987.
（最新模拟试题演练）
1．（2026·江苏省南京市鼓楼区南京市第二十九中学高三上学期第一次模拟）Found in 2007, walls of the
ruins and the surrounding water conservation system combined to display a massive infrastructure base,
construction of which is estimated (take) 4,000 people a decade to accomplish.
2．（2026·重庆市西南大学附属中学校月考）He pretended (finish) his homework to avoid being
scolded by the teacher.
3.(2026·浙江省天域全国名校协作体高三一模)Faced with such demanding work, these craftsmen often remind
(they) to stay patient, as even a small mistake could ruin hours of work.
4.（2026·浙江省嘉兴市高三上学期9 月月考）It means turning off screens during meals (prevent)
mindless eating.
5.（2026·浙江省嘉兴市高三上学期9 月月考）By focusing on food, we can better enjoy its flavours and make
eating an (enjoy) experience.
6.（2026·浙江省嘉兴市高三上学期9 月月考）Mindful eating encourages slower eating, which gives the body
time to break down food and allows the brain to notice when we are full, thus (limit) overeating.
7.（2026·浙江省嘉兴市高三上学期9 月月考）Mindful eating can (achieve) through several steps.
These include eating slowly, listening to the body’s hunger and fullness signals, and creating a calm eating
environment.
8.（2026·河南省部分重点中学TOP20 联考高三上学期10 月月考）“The move is aimed at (boost)
tourism in southwest China. It is also expected to expand opening up, promote personnel exchanges and help to
deepen the China-ASEAN comprehensive strategic partnership,” the National Immigration Administration (NIA)
said in a statement.
9.（2026·河南省部分重点中学TOP20 联考高三上学期10 月月考）The NIA added, “Tourist groups from
ASEAN countries (organize) by Chinese travel agencies can enter Xishuangbanna via the
Xishuangbanna Gasa International Airport, the Mohan railway port and the Mohan highway port.”
10.（2026·河南省部分重点中学TOP20 联考高三上学期10 月月考）China has continued easing its visa
policies to make it a lot (easy) to open up and have more people-to-people exchanges.
11.（2026·河南省部分重点中学TOP20 联考高三上学期10 月月考）So far, China (establish)
comprehensive mutual visa ( 互免签证) with 25 countries, and carried out unilateral visa-free policies for 38
countries and transit visa-free policies for 54 countries.
12. （2026·河南省部分重点中学TOP20 联考高三上学期10 月月考）Thanks to visa-free policies and
facilitation
(measure), more foreign travelers visited China during the 2025 Spring Festival holiday, which ran
from January 28 to February 4. According to the NIA, China recorded 958,000 cross-border trips made by
foreigners during the holiday — up 22.9 percent compared with the Spring Festival holiday last year.
13.（2026·湖南省长沙市实验中学高三上学期第二次阶段性考试）Thanks to a new academic project, hundreds
of pieces of oracle bones (甲骨文) that have been kept in the warehouse of a top university in Jiangsu province now
have the chance to be decoded more than one century after (unearth).
14.（2026·湖南省长沙市实验中学高三上学期第二次阶段性考试）Nanjing University in the provincial capital
(announce) the launch of a comprehensive study and categorization of the bones that date back to the late
Shang Dynasty (c.16th century-11th century BC) in early November last year.
15.（2026·湖南省长沙市实验中学高三上学期第二次阶段性考试）Systematic recordings of these pieces
through traditional ink rubbings and digitized (approach) will also begin.
16.（2026·湖南省长沙市实验中学高三上学期第二次阶段性考试）Academic exchanges among various
institutions are crucial to put the (break) puzzles of history back together.
17.（2026·湖南省长沙市实验中学高三上学期第二次阶段性考试）Compared with scholars from a century ago,
modern scholars are (lucky) to be supported by new technologies.
18.（2026·湖南省长沙市实验中学高三上学期第二次阶段性考试）According to Shi, another professor, her
museum will cooperate with the university’s School of Artificial Intelligence to look for the possibility of using the
technology (facilitate) the rejoining work based on analysis of big data.
19.（2026·浙南名校联盟高三上学期十月联考）Beijing recently made technological history by hosting the
world’s first half-marathon for humanoid robots, marking a significant milestone in robotics development. Twenty
teams from top universities and tech firms participated, with six robots (complete) the 21-kilometer
race. The winner, Tiangong Ultra, finished it in just 2 hours and 40 minutes.
20.（2026·浙南名校联盟高三上学期十月联考）This groundbreaking (compete) represented a crucial
transition from controlled laboratory testing to real-world application.
21.（2026·浙南名校联盟高三上学期十月联考）Beyond sports, such robots are already in use — for example,
the specialized inspection robots developed by China Southern Power Grid, can operate (reliable) in
temperature extremes ranging from 40°C to 80°C while maintaining power lines in remote (mountain)
regions.
22.（2026·浙南名校联盟高三上学期十月联考）Since the beginning of this year, Chinese tech giants like
Xiaomi and Huawei, well aware of the opportunities, (join) forces with automotive leaders including
Tesla and Toyota in what has become an international race to advance this technology.
24． (nail) the two shelves together, she wiped away the sweat and had a rest.
25．She entertained us all the morning and she deserved (praise).
26．A little nervousness is only to (expect) when you are starting a new job.
27．The boy pretended (concentrate) on his lesson, but in fact his mind was wandering.
28．Mr Li is said (study) abroad. But I don't know which country he studied in.
29．The scientist claimed (invent) a new kind of car already.
30.Suzhou truly deserves its honor as “the city of museums, the city of parks, and the city of theater”, from
historical (sight)to modern buildings, famous parks to attractive local cultures.
1.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·江苏省澄宜六校联盟高
三上学期10 月学情调研）
The Yingge dance is a
1
(combine) of opera, dance and wushu. Typically, the dance is performed
during festivals and celebrations,
2
dancers wearing colorful costumes and carrying masks, snakes,
spears and drums. Its rich history and cultural significance
3
(earn) it the distinction of being classified as
a national intangible cultural heritage in China over the past few decades.
On Chinese New Year, a Yingge team
4
(consist) of 16 dancers from the Chaoshan region of
Guangdong Province gave a wonderful performance in London. The event provided
5
unique
opportunity for UK residents to experience the richness and
6
(diverse) of Chinese culture.
The dance team’s commitment to their craft was evident in their preparation. For over a month, they devoted
themselves to perfecting their performance, ensuring every step, every gesture, and every beat was in harmony. The
dancers, many of
7
had more than 15 years of performance experience, showed their devotion to
preserving this ancient art form.
So far, the Yingge dance has crossed borders, attracting audiences in foreign countries such as Thailand. The
celebration of the Spring Festival has become one of the global
8
(phenomenon), with “Spring Festival
Parades”
9
(hold) in several countries each year. Nearly one-fifth of the world’s population now celebrate
the Chinese New Year in
10
(blend) styles, reflecting the growing influence of Chinese culture
worldwide.
2.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026 届湖北省武汉市部分高
中高三上学期九月调研）
As temperatures rise across China, a new trend is taking hold. Outdoor sports,
1
draw citizens out
of gyms and into the wilderness, test people’s physical limits and reconnect them with nature.
One standout in this trend, the Spartan Race, has exploded in
2
(popular) in many Chinese cities.
So far, the race, along with its
3
(mud) routes, high walls, and various obstacles, has gained significant
attraction online as well. Last month, the Spartan China series
4
(land) in Changchun while on October
16-17, the Spartan Kids World Championship will be held
5
the second time at Yunding Snow Park in
Hebei Province.
Each event challenges participants to complete distances
6
(range) from 5 to 50 kilometers, with
some
7
(intense) demanding obstacles depending on the race category. In practice, the race involves
climbing, hanging, and carrying sandbags,
8
total return to nature from gyms.
Liu Mingyi, chief expert at the China Youth Sports and Physical Education Center, said that the rise of
outdoor running competitions is far from accidental. “In the past, people stayed indoors, lifting weights in gyms.
Now, there’s a growing desire
9
(break) free from concrete buildings.” Liu commented. “These mud-
stained events offer not just wildness,
10
a kind of close dialogue with nature.”
3.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·广东省深圳外国语学校
高三月考）
Ancient book restoration, a delicate and time-honored craft in China. It plays a key role in
1
(preserve) the nation’s written heritage — a legacy that carries the
2
(wise) of scholars and artists over
millennia. For centuries, restorers have worked to repair old, damaged books, many of
3
are hundreds of
years old and at risk of being lost.
The process of restoring an ancient book demands technical skill and cultural understanding. First, restorers
clean the pages to remove dirt and mold. Then, they repair
4
(tear) pages using special paper that
matches
5
original in color and texture. This work requires great patience-restorers often spend weeks or
even months on a single book.
6
is special about Chinese book restoration is its respect for the historical
artifact
7
(it). Restorers try to make as few changes as possible, ensuring that the book’s original
appearance and content are left undamaged.
Today, young people are joining this field. They learn from master restorers and also use modern technology,
8
digital scanning, to carry out their work accurately. In recent years, with
9
(interact) displays,
restored book exhibitions
10
(inspire) more people to care about protecting cultural relics. This craft not
only saves old books but also passes on the spirit of preserving history, a value that has been cherished by Chinese
people for generations.
1．（2023 全国甲卷）Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still
______________ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.
2．（2021 新高考II 卷）I've always loved the ocean. In the 56 (seven) grade, I started volunteering at
the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California.
3．（2024 全国甲卷）They 64 (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five
awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there.
4．(2020•全国III 卷)When he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传
奇的) artist, they smiled and ________ (point) down the river.
5. (2021 新课标卷) The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the __________
(hot) the spring! Strange, isn’t it?
6. （2023 新课标II 卷）So, what are they learning? 43 (basic), how to describe a panda’s life.
7.（2022 新课标II 卷）When he looked down, he 60 (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge.
8.（2021 全国I 卷）As the song goes, this long and winding road "will never disappear", and it will always stick
in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in (I).
9.（2020 年新高考卷）As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and
imagine _________ (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.
10.（2023 全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful
existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old
fables.
