考点03 不定式（核心考点精讲精练）
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是26 年新模拟题）
1. 高考真题考点分布
考点
题型
动词不定式
年份
试卷类型
考点
考向
语法填空
2025
2025 全国二卷
to discover
作定语
2025 全国一卷
to present
作宾语
2025 浙江I 月卷
to rent
作定语
2024
2024·新课标I 卷
to give
作宾语补足语
2024·新课标II 卷
to find
作原因状语
2024·全国乙卷
/
/
2024·全国甲卷
to catch
作宾语
2024·年北京卷
to rest
固定搭配
2024·年浙江1 月
to benefit
作目的状语
2023
2023·新课标I 卷
to bite
作宾语
to be lifted
作宾语补足语
2023·新课标II 卷
/
/
2023·全国乙卷
/
/
2023·全国甲卷
to teach
作目的状语
2023·年北京卷
to address
作目的状语
2022
2022·新课标I 卷
to increase
作目的状语
2022·新课标II 卷
to see
作目的状语
2022·全国乙卷
to strengthen
作目的状语
2022·全国甲卷
to journey
作后置定语
2022·年北京卷
to harm
作后置定语
2022·年浙江1 月
to continue
作宾语
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】
近3 年新高考卷对于动词不定式的考查共计12 次，主要考查：
1．不定式作的句法功能（目的状语、定语、宾补、主语和宾语）；
2．不定式的一些固定搭配、固定句型；
3. 不定式的各种形式及其意义。
【备考策略】
1.系统归类不定式的用法;
2.熟练掌握不定式的各种形式的意义和用法，尤其是不定式作目的状语及其固定搭配、固定句型。
3.【命题预测】
预测2026 年高考语法填空对不定式的考查仍然会成为的重点和难点，尤其是考查不定式的一些固定搭
配、固定句型。
必备基础知识：
1.不定式的各种形式
种类
时态
主动形式及意义
被动形式及意义
不定式
一
般
式
to do 将要发生或发生在谓语动词的动作后
to be done 被动、将来
进
行
式
to be doing 谓语发生时，不定式表示的动作正
在进行或与谓语动词的动作同时发生
完
成
式
to have done 发生在谓语动词的动作之前
to have been done 被动、
发生在谓语动词的动作之
前
2.不定式的句法功能：
①不定式作主语；②不定式作宾语；③不定式作宾语补足语；④不定式作定语；⑤不定式作状语；⑥独立
主格结构中不定式。
考点一 不定式作定语
1. 表抽象意义的名词常被不定式修饰，如：chance, need, promise, ability, way, opportunity, right,
attempt, plan, evidence 等，常表同位关系。
1.In my everyday life, I am on an ongoing journey to figure out different ways ________（reduce）my carbon
footprint on the planet.
2．There are very few moments in our lives where we have the privilege (witness) history taking place.
2.名词或代词由序数词或最高级修饰，再被非谓语修饰时，一般用不定式作定语，表主谓关系。
1．（2026·广东省佛山市南海区南执高级中学高三阶段）The woman was Tu Youyou, the first Chinese female
scientist (award) a Nobel Prize for her work.
2．As long as you choose the right person (marry), you will enjoy happiness the whole life with or
without a wedding party.
1.（2025 全国二卷）Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing. denying
me the chance 62 (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after
sunning clothes for an entire day.
2.（2025 浙江I 月卷）Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women 60 (rent) rather than purchase them
outright, providing a less expensive solution to one-time event dressing.
1．This is the golden opportunity (explore) the custom to celebrate the Lantern Festival.
2．His attempt (solve) the puzzle was unsuccessful, but he enjoyed the challenge.
3．The rule says that the last one (leave) the office should remember (close) the windows.
考点二 不定式作状语
1.动词不定式短语作目的状语，常用结构有：to do, so as to do, in order to do
1．Your cat will likely smell your face and store the smell in its memory and use it to (recognition) you
in the future.
2． (make) some of my landscape shots, I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10-
minute time frame.
2.动词不定式短语作结果状语。①常用结构so/such…as to…(如此…以致…)enough …to …(足够)only
to …(结果)never to…
(结果再也没有) too… to…
(太…而不能…)
She was so late as to miss half of the lecture.
她来得如此晚以至于错过了一半的演讲。
She is such a good teacher as to be respected by all her students.
她是个如此好的老师，以至于受到她所有学生的尊敬。
The house is large enough to hold two hundred people.
这座房子足够大，可以容纳两百人。
②不定式作结果状语时多表示出乎意料的结果，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语。作结果状语的不定式通常
用一般式，为了表示强调可在不定式前加上only。
I rushed to the station, only to find the train had already gone.
我匆忙赶到火车站，却发现火车已经开走了。
3.作原因状语
不定式与情感类形容词连用时，大多表示原因，用来作原因状语。这类形容词主要有：happy, kind,
surprised, frightened, shocked, glad, delighted, disappointed 等。
1)I am very happy to see you again.
2)You will be disappointed to fail in the college entrance exams next year.
3)She was sorry to have kept us waiting so long.
4)She was happy to have been staying with her aunt.
5)He jumped with joy to see the nice Christmas presents.
4.动词不定式也可以跟在一些作表语的形容词easy, hard, difficult, pleasant, good, fit, comfortable 等
后面作状语，构成“主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构，在该结构中构成不定式的动词和句子的主语构成
逻辑上的动宾关系，不定式通常用主动形式表示被动含义。另外需注意的是在该结构中，不定式中的动词
必须是及物动词，若为不及物动词，则要在其后加上适当的介词，使之构成及物动词短语。
This book is difficult to understand.
这本书很难懂。
The picture is pleasant to look at.
这张画很好看。
1.（20224·新高考Ⅰ卷）The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These
sepals open on warm days 58 (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.
2．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility, said Edmondson,
adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ___43___ (find)the connection
between the two great writers.
1．Psychologists use both active and receptive interventions (make) our mental health improved.
2． (find) your advantages and be confident, you will have a full life.
3．Yesterday I went to see my good friend, only (learn) that she had gone abroad a week before.
4．I am very proud and excited (display) the traditional Chinese musical instrument in Cuba and
communicate with local musicians.
5．I’m surprised (know) that we can keep flowers blooming by removing the water with a process like
air drying or pressing.
考点三 不定式作宾补
1.下列动词（短语）后跟带to 的不定式作宾补
advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, intend, invite, order,
persuade,
prefer, require, teach, tell, want, wish, warn, remind, wait for, call on, depend on 等。
Our teacher encourages us to face difficulty bravely.我们老师鼓励我们勇敢地面对困难。
She asked me to answer the phone in her absence.她要我在她不在的时候接电话。
易错点：
1. 感官动词(短语)see, watch, observe, look at, notice, hear, listen to, feel 的宾语补足语主要有三种形
式，试比较(以see 为例)：
① I heard her sing an English song just now.(主动，完成)
刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。
② I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.(主动，正在进行)
昨天经过她房间时，我听见她正在唱一首英文歌。
③ To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English spoken as much as possible.(被动，
无时间性)
为了学好英语，我们应该找机会尽可能多地听英语。
易错点：2 使役动词＋宾语＋宾补
注意：
(1)在以上省去to 的不定式作宾补的结构中，若变为被动语态，需将省去的不定式符号to 补出来。
He made his workers work 12 hours a day.（主动）
→His workers were made to work 12 hours a day.(被动)
他让他的工人们每天工作12 个小时。
(2)have 还可以用于“have sth to do/to be done”结构中，其中have 作“有”讲，用不定式作定语。
I have something urgent to inform you.
（2022 浙江卷）Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not __________ (do).
1．Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to remind me (close) the
window in my car when rain is coming.
2．More than admiring scenery, the mentor told children (identify) rocks and some plant species in
the reserve.
3．People were pleased with Henry’s music and songs and finally invited him (perform) on the stage.
考点四 不定式作表语
1.表示一般的概念时，不定式、动词ing 形式可以互换，而表示具体的、个别的动作或有将来含义时，一般
用不定式。
What she likes is
③
watching/to watch children play.
她喜欢的事情就是看孩子们玩耍。
My wish is
④
to become a good teacher.
我的愿望就是要当个好老师。
2. 不定式作表语时，主语常是: duty, work, job, task, wish, hope, thing, goal, aim, problem, question,
happiness, what, advice, idea…等：
1)Her duty is to look after the old leaders.
2)Their goal is to become a developed district.
3)The problem is where to build the dam.
●to 不定式作表语解释前面do 时, to 可省去:
1)Yesterday all we did was (to) clean the kitchen and the toilet.
2)What I would like to do today is (to) have a good sleep at home.
3)The only thing you need to do now is (to) fill in/up/out the form immediately.
4)All she wanted to do when she got the first prize in the contest was (to) say thanks to her teachers and parents.
I want to experience some Chinese culture, but my main goal is (find) out which university is the best for
me to attend.
1．Group leader’s duty is (ensure) that all pupils in his group understand and practice what the teacher
has taught.
2．As students, our first priority is (improve) our learning capacity.
考点五 不定式作主语
1.动词不定式直接作主语
①不定式（to + 动词原形）直接置于句首作主语，表示一次性的、具体的动作或将来的行为。
(change) bad habits is never easy, but as long as you persist, you will succeed.
②【易错提醒】动词不定式作主语谓语用单数形式。
To love
and
to be
loved
is the greatest happiness. 爱与被爱是最大的幸福。
2.“疑问词+不定式”作主语
①“疑问词(what, how…)+不定式” 结构可作主语，表达 “如何做 / 做什么” 等含义。
How
to solve
the
problem
is still unknown. 如何解决这个问题仍不清楚。
When
to start
the
meeting
has not been decided. 会议何时开始尚未决定。
②【易错提醒】“疑问词+不定式”结构作主语谓语用单数形式；难点在于疑问词的选择。
What
to do
next
depends on your decision. 接下来做什么取决于你的决定。
3. It 作形式主语不定式作真正主语
①当不定式作主语时，为避免句子头重脚轻，常用 it 作形式主语，将真正的主语（不定式）置于句
末。常用于“It+be+形容词/名词(for/of sb)+to do sth.”或It takes sb time to do sth.句型。
1．It’s good (spend) time with my family, although it can get a bit boring in my hometown after a while.
2．It’s necessary (promote) cultural and tourism resources with digital means, because intelligent
transformation of scenic spots brings newer experiences to tourists and makes management more efficient.
②当形容词描述人的品质（kind, clever, foolish 等）时，用 of；当句中形容词描述动作特征时用
for。
It is important
for
us
to protect
wild animals. 对我们而言，保护野生动物很重要。
It was
foolish
of
him
to make
such a mistake. 他犯这样的错误，太愚蠢了。
（2021 全国甲卷）It is possible __________ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
1．It is easier (avoid) a discussion, but risking talking about it may eventually lead to a better
outcome.
2．There is no doubt that it is vital (have) a good command of some knowledge of first aid.
3．So we think it is reasonable (assume) they lived in these caves, regardless of the cold.
考点六 不定式作宾语
1.不定式作宾语：下面这些词常接不定式作宾语：
like/love/want/wish/hope/expect/desire/hate/prefer/continue/manage/try/ask/beg/demand/afford/offer/
fail/start/begin/forget/remember/promise/mean/intend/attempt/decide/determine/learn/agree/choose/
pretend/arrange to do…
1)We decide to study harder than ever before.
2)Please remember to buy some medicine for the patient on your way back home.
2.it 作形式宾语代不定式: find/think/consider/feel/make it + 形/名 + to 不定式: 发现/认为/使得
做…是…
1)We find it necessary to master German and French.
2)I think it a pity to miss such a good chance.
3)We feel/think it our duty to make our country a better place.
4)New technologies have made it possible to produce new products faster and at a lower cost.
1.（2025 全国一卷）We hope (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and
initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.
2.（2024 全国甲卷）Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend
___________(catch) our attention because of their large size and variety.
1．Those tourists cannot wait enjoy the local food recommended by the local guide.
2．Half of the students surveyed prefer (learn) English by watching English movies.
3．Leaders of many countries have been trying (figure) out what it is that makes China develop so fast.
4．We are seeking (find) a way to make us get along well with the people around us.
（最新模拟试题演练）
1.（2026·湖北省高中名校联盟高三上学期第一次联合测评）Qu Yingpu, the book’s publisher and editor- in-
chief of China Daily, notes that the stories “ignite (点燃) goodwill” for a harmonious world, and “encourage people
to remember the past, and more importantly, 65 (picture) a brighter future.”
2.（2026·辽宁省名校联盟高三上学期8 月联考）When the cues that spark a habit are subtle or hidden, they are
easy 61 (ignore).
3.（2026·四川省广安市广安三区联考高三上学期8 月月考）A cutting-edge virtual carnival demonstrates how
enhanced reality technology transforms athletic experiences, operating daily from 7:00 am until 2:00 am 64
( serve) diverse schedules.
4.（2026·河北省石家庄市正定县河北正定中学高三上学期开学）I enjoyed being taken around as Stephanie
pointed out this or that building, place or monument and explained to me the bargaining process in the markets and
showed me where 38 (eat) a full meal for only a few dollars.
5.（2026·河南省部分学校高三上学期模拟考试（8 月调研考））An expert in international law mentioned that
it is difficult to get back China’s lost cultural items overseas because many of them were lost over a long time for
different reasons, and they are spread out. He said it is essential 49 (make) a full list of these lost items and
study where they came from and how they were moved.
6.（2026·湖南省高三阶段性检测（一））Singers use techniques like Nogala — vocal tremolos (颤音) copying
wind or horse gallops — 40 (create) unforgettable, waving music.
7.（2026·湖南省长沙市雅礼中学高三上学期开学）He said it is essential 45 (make) a full list of these
lost items and study where they came from and how they were moved.
8.（2026·山西省山西大学附属中学校等校高三上学期8 月月考）We’ll have a chance 38 (see) some
of them shortly — the Library Cave is only a stone’s throw from here.
9.（2026·山西省怀仁市第一中学校高三上学期摸底）Her lover, Ahei, made every effort 38 (save)
her.
10.（2026·陕西省榆林市榆阳区陕西省榆林中学高三上学期开学）It is possible 38 (walk) or bike the
entire 14 kilometers.
11.（2026·四川省巴中市普通高中高三上学期9 月零诊）Anyone who cannot bear the smell of the kitchen is
unable 40 (put) up with the work of compilation.
12.（2026·广东省湛江市湛江市八校联考高三上学期8 月月考）The course included 14 turns, hills, and uneven
surfaces like railroad tracks. Many robots faced difficulties — low batteries caused some to fall, while overheating
forced technicians 41 (cool) down the robots with water.
13.（2026·安徽省江淮十校高三上学期8 月第一次联考）The academy has also launched virtual reality (VR)
tours, which enable visitors 44 (explore) the caves in an immersive and interactive way.
14.（2026·广东省（石门中学、南海中学、珠海一中等）部分学校高三上学期开学综合能力测试）The most
valuable tulips had lines of color like fires. Rich businessmen collected them 40 (show) off.
15.（2026·内蒙古部分学校高三上学期8 月开学教学质量检测）
41
(tackle) these challenges, the
publishing industry must shift from merely producing content to becoming creators of a knowledge service
ecosystem.
语法填空
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·广东省普宁市第一中学高
三上学期第一次月考）
The Sad Zither is a famous seven-verse poem
1
(write)by Tang Dynasty poet Li Shangyin (813—
858). Due to its rich imagery, the poem is regarded as one of
2
(hard)poems to explain and translate.
In
3
beginning of the poem, the poet looks at his zither and recalls the death of his beloved wife.
The big number of strings, which might not be the real number, is mentioned
4
(show) his feeling. With
so many strings, his zither creates complicated tones,
5
(suggest) the sorrow and depression the poet
feels. The reality is so cruel that he wishes everything
6
happened was untrue. In this part, he uses four
Chinese ancient myths and legends: Zhuangzi, a philosopher, dreams of being a butterfly and couldn’t distinguish
dream
7
reality; the ancient emperor Wang becomes a cuckoo and always cries; mermaid’s tears become
pearl and vapor of jade from Lantian County can
8
(see)in the sunlight. The first three stories all create a
sad atmosphere. Though the last legend describes a beautiful scene, it’s hard to reach, implicating the hopelessness.
Actually, the four
9
(story)he chose indicate Li’s dissatisfaction with his life.
In the end, the poet
10
(direct)expresses his point. He wrote about his regret toward the passing
years and the helplessness of being unable to change anything, even if he was given the chance to live those years
again.
单句语法填空
在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.【2024 全国甲卷】Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend
____41____（catch）our attention because of their large size and variety.
2. 【2024 新课标ⅠⅠ卷】Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility, said
Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ___43___ (find)the
connection between the two great writers.
3.【2024 北京卷】 Slowing down can contribute significantly to personal growth. Taking the time ___11___
(rest) allows us to develop a deeper sense of self-awareness.
5.【2024 浙江1 月卷】The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However,
if you’re shopping for one, buying extra ____36____ (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense.
6.【2023 年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】To eat one, you have to decide whether ____37____ (bite) a small hole in it first,
releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup
explode on your tongue.
7.【2023 年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them
____41____ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of their contents.
8.【2023 年全国甲卷】For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) ___41___ (teach) a lesson or to
pass on wisdom
09.【2022 新高考I 卷】The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously
unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___________
(increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
10.【2022 全国甲卷】A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first
step ___________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.
11.【2022 全国乙卷】__________ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of
public promotional activities on social media, inviting twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have
thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
12. 【2022 年浙江卷1 月】That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans
____________（continue） the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding. ", she says, "a really positive change."
13.【2022 年新高考2 卷】Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair
onto the balcony, and climbed up ___39___ (see) them.
14.【2022 年北京卷】As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an
intention ____12____ (harm) her, Helen started to run.
15.【2021 全国甲卷】 It is possible 3 (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
16.【2021 全国乙卷】Activities there range from whale watching to hiking
（远足）and accommodations
aim 10
(have) a low impact on the natural environment.
17.【2021.6 浙江卷】Mary's sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over 8 (plant) flowers in the front
yard.
