题型10 七选五（说明文）
题型简介
阅读理解七选五要求从短文后的七个选项中（均为完整的句子）选出五个能填入文章空处的
最佳选项，主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。该题型命
题形式仍然具有客观题的特点，又与完形填空具有异曲同工之妙，只是选项少，以句子形式出现，
考查目的和侧重点不完全相同而已。
阅读理解七选五的备选项可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容）、过渡性句子（文章结构）和
注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。其多余的两个干扰项也往往从这三方面进行设置，例如主
旨概括句或过于宽泛或以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构，注释性句子
与上文脱节等。
文章体裁以说明文为主，语篇模式较为固定：提出问题——提供解决方案。文章题材较为固
定：与学生的日常生活学习紧密相关。
设题类型
在高考英语“七选五”的说明文题型上寻求突破。要攻克这类题目，关键在于掌握两大核心
能力：还原文章的宏观结构，以及理清句与句之间的微观逻辑。
把握设题角度：从宏观到微观——“七选五”题型本质上是考查你对语篇“骨架”与“脉
目录
第一部分 题型解码 高屋建瓴，掌握全局
第二部分 考向破译
解
微观
剖，精细教学
典例引领
方法透视
变式演练
考向01 文章的结构骨架 【重难】
考向02 段落的逻辑脉络【常考】
考向03 词汇的语义粘连【常考】
第三部分 综合巩固
合
整
应用，模拟实战
专题01 高考真题练
专题02 优秀模拟题
络”的理解。其设题角度可以分为以下三个层面：
考向1 文章的结构骨架
说明文通常有清晰的整体结构（如总分总、并列、递进），设题时可能抽掉其中承上启下的
关键段落或句子。同时，每个段落内部，也遵循着“主题句展开说明结论句
→
→
”的基本结构。考
题常会挖去段首的主题句或段尾的结论句，让你去补充。
考向2 段落的逻辑脉络
这是考查最频繁的层面，即句子之间的衔接与连贯。设题点主要分布在以下几种逻辑关系处：
顺承关系：上下文在意义上是延续、并列或递进的，常伴有 and, also, furthermore, moreover, in
addition 等信号词。
转折关系：后文突然转向相反或相对的方面，常伴有 but, however, yet, on the
contrary, instead 等信号词。
因果关系：一句是另一句的原因或结果，常伴有 because, since, as, therefore, thus, so, as a
result, consequently 等信号词。
例证关系：用具体的例子来解释或证明前面的观点，常伴有 for example, for instance, such
as, like 等信号词。
指代关系：利用代词（it, they, this, that, these, those 等）或定冠词 the 来指代前文提及的内容，
形成衔接。如果选项里包含代词，它的指代对象必须能在前文中明确找到。
考向3 词汇的语义粘连
作者会通过词汇的重复、同义替换、反义对比或使用上下义词，来维系文章的连贯性。
原词/同义词复现：相同的词、或其同义词、近义词在上下文不同位置重复出现。
反义词复现：意义相反的词语在语境中相互呼应，形成对比。
上下义词复现：上文出现一个概括性的词（上义词，如 furniture），下文出现其具体类别
（下义词，如 chair, table）。
解题思路
考向01：文章的结构骨架 - 解题技巧
此考向考查对文章及段落宏观结构的把握。解题关键在于 “定位空格功能”，即根据空格在文
中的位置，判断其应起的作用。
1.
若空格位于段首
功能判断：它通常是该段的主题句，用以概括段落核心思想。
解题技巧：向后看。重点阅读空格后面的句子，这些句子是对主题句的展开、解释或例证。
正确选项必须能统领后文，后文内容必须紧紧围绕该选项展开。选项中若出现表示概括、定义的
表达（如 In general,..., There are two main reasons...），需重点考虑。
2.
若空格位于段中
功能判断：它通常起承上启下的作用，是细节逻辑的高发区。
解题技巧：瞻前顾后。精读空格前一句和空格后一句，分析它们之间的逻辑关系（是顺承、
转折、因果还是例证）。选择的选项必须能够完美地衔接前后文意，使逻辑流畅。
3.
若空格位于段尾
功能判断：它可能是该段的结论句，也可能是引出下文的过渡句。
解题技巧：向前看。回顾本段主旨。若为结论句，选项应是对本段内容的总结、概括或提出
结论，常伴有 Therefore, Thus, In conclusion, In a word 等信号词。若为过渡句，则需与下一段开头
有所呼应，为下一段内容做铺垫。
考向02：段落的逻辑脉络 - 解题技巧
此考向考查句与句之间的微观逻辑关系。解题关键在于 “识别逻辑信号”。
1.
识别逻辑关系词
顺承/递进：关注 and, also, furthermore, moreover, in addition, first... second... 等。看到这些词，
说明上下文是并列或意思递进的关系。
转折/对比：注意 but, however, yet, on the contrary, instead, while 等。这些词提示前后文意发生
转折或形成对比。
因果：留意 because, since, as, so, therefore, thus, as a result, consequently 等。这些词明确指出了
原因与结果的关系。
例证：注意 for example, for instance, such as, like 等。这些词表明后面是对前面观点的具体举例
说明。
2.
关注代词指代
这是一个非常重要的解题线索。留意空格前后出现的代词（如 it, they, this, that, these, those, su
ch 等）。
如果选项中含有代词，你必须确保其指代的内容在上下文中是明确且单一的。正确选项往往
能与上下文中的代词形成合理的指代关系，或者其本身的代词能在上下文中找到指代对象。
考向03 词汇的语义粘连 - 解题技巧
此考向考查通过词汇手段实现的语篇连贯。解题关键在于 “寻找词汇复现”。
1.
原词复现
相同的词汇在上下文不同的位置重复出现。这是最直接、最明显的线索。正确选项中常常会
包含与上下文（尤其是空前空后）相同的核心名词、动词或形容词。
2.
同义/近义复现
上下文使用意义相同或相近的词汇。例如，上文中出现 solve，下文中可能出现 deal
with 或 address；上文中出现 important，下文中可能出现 significant 或 crucial。解题时需要具备
一定的同义词转换意识。
3.
反义复现
意义相反的词语在语境中相互呼应，形成对比。例如，上文中出现 advantage，下文中可能出
现 disadvantage 或 drawback；easy 对应 difficult。这种对比关系也是重要的衔接手段。
4.
上下义/范畴词复现
上文出现一个概括性的词（上义词，如 vehicle），下文出现其具体类别（下义词，如 car, bus
, bicycle）。或者围绕一个核心话题（如 environmental protection），会出现一系列相关词汇
（如 pollution, recycle, green energy）。找到这些属于同一语义场的词汇，有助于确定答案。
考向01 文章的结构骨架
【例1-1】（2026 届四川省“元三维大联考”高三上学期第一次诊断考试）
Challenging, fun and engaging hobbies have the power to make us happier and healthier. 1 Here is how
you can start and discover things you don’t yet know you’ll like.
Start small. Ease in to figure out if it’s right for you. For instance, sign up for a one-time dance class rather
than a set of eight. 2 Say you enjoy learning to swim, but the next step is competing, and you don’t want
to do that. Just stop there — you have spent enough of the day pushing yourself.
3 When you were a kid, what did you want to be when you grew up? The answer could lead you to an
appealing hobby. Revisiting activities you loved when you were young is a really helpful place to start. Those little
things that once made you lose track of time often hold clues to what still excites you.
Ask yourself how you want to feel. 4 They can help you clear your mind and relax. Consider how
exactly you want an activity to make you feel. If you long for a break from overthinking, knitting could be a good
choice to relax you. If you want to be socially connected, joining a book club can let you interact with others and
build warm connections.
Keeping an open mind, even if it doesn’t seem your thing. We’re wired as humans to be curious and open, but
in a very burned-out world, we forget that. So next time someone hands you a flier or invites you to tag along to an
event, seize the opportunity. 5
A．Take a trip back in time.
B．Hobbies present an escape.
C．Think about your future career.
D．Plus, they often foster connections with others.
E．Your skills improve as you practise new hobbies.
F．It’s also smart to resist the pressure to overcommit.
G．It could be something you never imagined you’d love.
【答案】1．D 2．F 3．A 4．B 5．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了培养兴趣爱好的好处，并给出从小事做起、回顾过去等开启
新爱好的方法。
1．由上文“Challenging, fun and engaging hobbies have the power to make us happier and healthier. (有挑战性、
有趣且有吸引力的爱好能让我们更快乐、更健康)”可知，本空应继续说明爱好的好处；下文引出开启爱好
的方法，需用过渡句衔接。D 选项“Plus, they often foster connections with others. (此外，它们还能促进人与
人之间的联系)”中“they”指代前文“hobbies”，既补充了爱好的另一好处，又自然过渡到下文，符合题意。
故选D。
2．由上文“Start small. Ease in to figure out if it’s right for you. (从小处着手，慢慢尝试判断它是否适合你)”
和举例“sign up for a one-time dance class rather than a set of eight. (报名一节舞蹈课而不是八节)”可知，本空
应围绕“避免过度投入”展开；下文“Just stop there — you have spent enough of the day pushing yourself. (到此
为止就好 —— 你已经花了足够多时间逼迫自己了)”进一步强调不勉强。F 选项“It’s also smart to resist the
pressure to overcommit. (抵制过度投入的压力也是明智的做法)”承上启下，符合题意。故选F。
3．由下文“When you were a kid, what did you want to be when you grew up? The answer could lead you to an
appealing hobby. Revisiting activities you loved when you were young is a really helpful place to start.(当你还是
个孩子的时候，你长大后想成为什么？答案可能会引导你找到一个吸引人的爱好。重新审视你年轻时喜欢
的活动是一个很好的起点)”可知，本空要说跟“回顾过去”有关的话题，A 选项“Take a trip back in time.(时
光倒流)”能概括下文，说明了要回顾过去，符合题意。故选A。
4．由上文“Ask yourself how you want to feel. (问问自己你想拥有怎样的感受)”和下文“They can help you
clear your mind and relax. (它们能帮你理清思绪、放松身心)”可知，本空应说明爱好能带来的感受或作用；
“They”指代本空所提内容。B 选项“Hobbies present an escape. (爱好能提供一种解脱)”既呼应“想拥有的感
受”，又能被下文“they”指代，符合题意。故选B。
5．由上文“Keeping an open mind, even if it doesn’t seem your thing. We’re wired as humans to be curious and
open, but in a very burned-out world, we forget that. So next time someone hands you a flier or invites you to tag
along to an event, seize the opportunity. (保持开放的心态，即使它看起来不是你的菜。作为人类，我们天生好
奇且开放，但在一个非常疲惫的世界里，我们忘记了这一点。所以下次有人递给你传单或邀请你一起去参
加活动时，抓住机会)”可知，本空要说跟“尝试新事物”有关的话题，G 选项“It could be something you
never imagined you’d love.(它可能是你从未想象过你会喜欢的东西)”能承接上文，说明了尝试新事物可能会
带来惊喜，符合题意。故选G。
【例1-2】（安徽省江南十校2025-2026 学年高三上学期第一次综合素质检测）
Every day, we speak to and spend time with the people who mean the most to us. However, think about how
many people you interact with in a typical week are the ones you wouldn’t consider as close connections. 1
. In sociology, these are known as our “weak ties”, referred to as such to differentiate them from our strong ties, like
close friends and family members.
2 . For example, if you spoke about your job hunt to a group of close friends, they might only be
aware of the same job opportunities as you because you move in the same circles. However, mentioning it to an
acquaintance, like a regular waiter, connects you to people outside your own social circle, which can provide
unexpected job opportunities.
“Weak ties can serve special functions not served by close ties, including providing access to unique information
and resources,” says Susan Sprecher, distinguished professor at Illinois State University. “Additionally, many people
interact with more weak ties throughout a day than they do with close ties. 3 .”
Indeed, weak ties can give us a real mental health boost. A recent study done by Sprecher indicated people
with wider connections of weak ties tend to be happier. 4 . They reported feeling more happiness and greater
feelings of belonging on days when they interacted with more classmates than usual.
Given they have such a strong impact on our lives, why not create weak ties? 5 . Often, this will
mean going outside and speaking to people, whether it’s those you pass in the street, who serve you in shops, or with
whom you share a class.
A．The research involved students
B．You find yourself in a better mood
C．We just need to engage with other people
D．Weak ties can have a smaller effect than you might think
E．This diverse social network is related with good health and well-being
F．For example, you chat with the guys who regularly serve you at the store
G．Strong ties tend to form closed social groups with limited new information
【答案】1．F 2．G 3．E 4．A 5．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了社会学中的“弱连接”概念（指非亲密朋友或家人的人际关系），阐
述了其在提供独特信息资源、促进心理健康等方面的作用，并给出建立弱连接的建议。
1．根据上文“However, think about how many people you interact with in a typical week are the ones you wouldn’t
consider as close connections.(然而，想一想在一个典型的星期里，你与之互动的人中有多少是你认为不亲密
的人)”可知，上文提到了你认为不亲密的人，可推理出空白处在举例说明那些不亲密的人，与F 项“For
example, you chat with the guys who regularly serve you at the store(例如，你和经常在商店为你服务的人聊天)”表
达的含义一致，故选F 项。
2．根据下文“For example, if you spoke about your job hunt to a group of close friends, they might only be aware of
the same job opportunities as you because you move in the same circles. However, mentioning it to an acquaintance,
like a regular waiter, connects you to people outside your own social circle, which can provide unexpected job
opportunities.(例如，如果你和一群亲密的朋友谈论你的求职，他们可能只知道和你一样的求职机会，因为
你们在同一个圈子里。然而，如果你对一个熟人，比如一个经常为你服务的服务员提起这件事，就会把你
和你社交圈之外的人联系起来，这可能会提供意想不到的工作机会)”可知，此处是在对比亲密关系和弱连
接在信息获取上的不同，与G 项“Strong ties tend to form closed social groups with limited new information(牢
固的关系往往形成封闭的社会群体，导致新信息有限)”表达的含义一致，通过对比说明弱连接的优势，故
选G 项。
3．根据上文““Weak ties can serve special functions not served by close ties, including providing access to unique
information and resources,” says Susan Sprecher, distinguished professor at Illinois State University. “Additionally,
many people interact with more weak ties throughout a day than they do with close ties (伊利诺伊州立大学的杰
出教授苏珊·斯普雷彻说：“弱连接可以发挥亲密关系无法发挥的特殊功能，包括提供独特的信息和资
源。”“此外，许多人一天中与弱连接的互动比与亲密关系的互动更多” )”可知，此处是在说明弱连接的
好处，与E 项“This diverse social network is related with good health and well-being(这种多样化的社交网络
与良好的健康和幸福有关)”表达的含义一致，进一步阐述弱连接带来的积极影响，故选E 项。
4．根据下文“They reported feeling more happiness and greater feelings of belonging on days when they interacted
with more classmates than usual.(他们报告说，在与比平时更多的同学互动的日子里，他们感到更快乐，更有
归属感)”可知，此处是在说明研究的对象，与A 项“The research involved students(这项研究涉及学生)”表达
的含义一致，引出下文对研究结果的描述，故选A 项。
5．根据上文“Given they have such a strong impact on our lives, why not create weak ties?(鉴于它们对我们的
生活有如此大的影响，为什么不建立弱连接呢？)”以及下文“Often, this will mean going outside and speaking
to people, whether it’s those you pass in the street, who serve you in shops, or with whom you share a class.(通常，
这意味着走出去和别人交谈，无论是你在街上遇到的人，在商店里为你服务的人，还是和你一起上课的
人)”可知，此处是在说明建立弱连接的方法，与C 项“We just need to engage with other people(我们仅仅需要
和其他人交往即可)”表达的含义一致，承接上文的问题，引出下文具体的做法，故选C 项。
解｜题｜技｜巧
文章的结构骨架——解题的关键在于 “定位空格功能”。
一、核心解题技巧：根据位置，判断功能
1. 段首设空：通常考查“主题句”
功能判断：段首句通常是全段的总领句或主题句，用以概括本段的核心思想。
解题技巧：向后看，找主旨。重点阅读空格后面的内容，后文必须是对该句的展开、解释、例
证或分解。正确选项必须能高度概括或直接引出后文的内容。
实战应用（例1-2 - 第2 空）
位置：段首。分析：空后以“For example”开头，举例说明当你向亲密朋友求职时，他们提供
的信息有限，而向熟人（弱连接）求助则能获得新机会。这个例子是为了证明一个观点。解题：因此，
这个段首句必须是一个能够被此例证证明的概括性观点。G 选项“Strong ties tend to form closed social
groups with limited new information”正是这个观点，后文的例子完美地解释了为什么强连接会“信息有
限”。这就是典型的“主题句 + 例证”的段落结构。
2. 段中设空：通常考查“承上启下句”
功能判断：段中的句子通常起支撑、转折、递进或举例的作用，是细节逻辑的衔接点。
【变式1-1】（2025 届山东省大教育联盟高三下学期质量检测第二次联考英语试题）
解题技巧：瞻前顾后，分析逻辑。精读空格前一句和后一句，分析它们之间的逻辑关系（顺承、
转折、因果、举例等）。选择的选项必须使前后文意流畅、逻辑通顺。
实战应用（例1-1 - 第2 空）
位置：段中。分析：空前讲“从小事做起”，并举例“只报一节舞蹈课”。空后讲“学会停止，
不必强迫自己”。解题：空前是“开始”，空后是“停止”，二者看似相反，实则统一于“避免过度
投入”这一核心建议。F 选项“It’s also smart to resist the pressure to overcommit.”中的 “also” 承接了上
文的建议，“resist... overcommit” 既总结了前面的“只报一节”（避免开始时就过度），又引出了后面
的“适时停止”（避免过程中过度），是完美的承上启下句。
3. 段尾设空：通常考查“结论句”或“过渡句”
功能判断：可能是对本段内容的总结、升华，也可能是为下一段内容做铺垫。
解题技巧：向前看，定结论；向后看，寻呼应。回顾本段主旨，若为结论句，选项应含有总结
性信号词（如Therefore, Thus, In a word）或是对本段观点的重申。若为过渡句，其内容需与下
一段开头存在语义上的关联。
实战应用（例1-1 - 第5 空）
位置：段尾，也是全文结尾。分析：前文在倡导“保持开放心态”，并建议“抓住别人给你的
机会”。解题：作为结尾句，它需要起到总结升华或给出积极展望的作用。G 选项“It could be
something you never imagined you’d love.” 正是对“保持开放心态”这一建议的美好结果展望，完美收束
全段，属于结论句。
注｜意｜事｜项
1.
先整体，后局部：在解题前，花30 秒快速浏览全文首段和各段首句，把握文章核心话题（如
例1-1：如何开启爱好；例1-2：弱连接的好处）和整体结构（总分、并列等），这对定位段首
空尤其有帮助。
2.
严防“以偏概全”：选择段首主题句时，要确保它能覆盖整个段落，而不仅仅是与紧接着的下
一句相关。反过来，填入选项后，检查整个段落是否都在支撑这个主题句。
3.
关注“指代”与“复现”的辅助作用：在分析结构时，词汇线索是重要辅助。
例1-1 第4 空：空后的“They”决定了空格必须是一个复数名词或概念。B 选项“Hobbies
present an escape.”中的“Hobbies”正好可以被“They”指代，这印证了该选项在结构上作为“被说明对
象”的正确性。
例1-2 第3 空：空前的“more weak ties”与E 选项中的“This diverse social network”形成同义复
现，证明了E 选项是对前文现象的总结，符合段尾结论句的特征。
总结：攻克“结构骨架”类题目，本质上是训练一种结构化思维。看到空格，第一反应应是
“它在哪儿？” ，从而推断 “它该做什么？” 。通过大量练习，将“位置-功能”的对应关
系内化于心，你就能更快更准地还原文章的骨架。
It has long been known that sleep also plays a significant role in physical and emotional health. Now, researchers
from the University of South Australia have published a new study in the Journal of Neuroscience. 1 This is
good news for anyone who wants to study a foreign language.
According to a blog on Everywhere English, there are two phases that the brain cycles through when
sleeping. 2 During this phase, which usually happens about an hour and a half after a person has fallen asleep, brain
activity is high and shows levels that are similar to when that person is awake. This is when dreams occur. In non-
REM sleep, brain activity is low.
3 But in fact, the researchers from the University of South Australia found that just the opposite is
true.
According to a University of South Australia press release, the researchers conducted an experiment with 35
native English speakers. Half of the students learned the language in the morning and then went on with their days.
4 This way the researchers could record their brainwaves. Both groups were tested on their knowledge in the
morning. The group that had slept soon after they studied performed significantly better than those who had not.
“ 5 It’s an active, transformative state for the brain,” Dr. Scott Cousins, a researcher at the University of
South Australia, said in the press release.
A．Sleep is not just restful.
B．The first is called REM sleep.
C．Is sleep help you learn language?
D．If you are active, you’ll have a good memory.
E．It investigates the way sleep helps people learn language.
F．But the other half studied in the evening and then slept at the lab.
G．One may think that memory and learning are gained when the brain is active.
【变式1-2】（2025 届湖南省邵阳市高三下学期第二次联考英语试题）
Mental resilience (韧性) has become a vital skill in today’s fast-paced world. 1 Research indicates
that individuals with high resilience levels are 35 % more likely to maintain mental health during long-term stress.
Let’s explore scientific ally proven methods to strengthen this ability.
The Main Idea Explained
Resilience is not about reducing stress but managing it effectively. Emerging neurobiological evidence sheds
light on this positively adaptive process. 2 Neuroscientists (神经学家) compare it to muscle training: facing
proper challenged regularly improved mental ability to adjust. For instance, A 2023 Harvard study showed that proper
stress increased brain thickness in areas related to making decisions.
Physical Activity as a Foundation
Exercise is universally recognized as a key resilience-building tool. During aerobic workouts, the body
producers BDNF (脑源性神经营养因子), a protein important for brain development. 3 Meanwhile, this
chemical process not only improved mood but also strengthens mental abilities. To maximize benefits, experts suggest
combining 30 minutes of daily exercise with relaxation methods such as deep breathing.
The Power of Social Bonds
Human beings succeed through meaningful connections. Strong social networks act as psychological safety
nets during c rises. 4 A Stanford University study over many years found that people with strong social support
recovered 50 % faster from emotional difficulties than those who were isolated. Surprisingly, online communication
through video calls was 80 % as effective as face-to-face meetings in recent tests.
Methods to Change Negative Thoughts
How we view difficulties shapes our mental resilience. Psychologists suggest changing extreme negative ideas
like “I can’t handle this” into positive views such as “This is hard but possible.” 2022 study found that daily gratitude
practice lowers stress hormones by 25 % in three weeks. 5
A．Therefore, building strong connections should be a key goal.
B．Creative activities like painting unexpectedly better stress tolerance.
C．Workplace culture significantly impacts employees’ stress management.
D．This natural process helps maintain stable emotions and enhanced clear thinking.
E．Moreover, actively noticing small daily successes helps develop positive thinking.
F．This psychological training strengthens the brain’s ability to handle future challengers.
G．It refers to the ability to recover from difficulties while keeping basic operations running.
考向02 段落的逻辑脉络
【例2-1】（2025 届广东省高三下学期3 月综合能力测试（CAT） 英语试题）
Throughout our lives, we usually look for just one answer to each question we encounter, like when we ask
what 2+2 equals or what the capital of India is. 1 The “one-problem, one-answer” mindset is deeply
rooted in how we think.
But what happens if we’re asked to generate different responses instead of one correct answer? 2 I asked
them, “What if there is more than one way to record the answer to 2+2?” They voiced varied answers, such as ½ of
8, how Lincoln began “The Gettysburg Address”, the number of runners on a relay team, and the number following
3, etc. These kids weren’t “boxed in” by the artificial “requirement” of finding a single right answer. Rather, they
were asked a question beginning with the two words “What if……?” 3
What lies behind the issue then? Ken Robinson has observed that our educational systems often don't help
students develop their natural creativity. 4 Studies have shown that teachers claim to value qualities of
independent thinking and curiosity, yet they reward behaviors of obedience. Thus, a workforce emerges that prioritizes
conformity(顺从) over creativity. Simply stated, we tell students to color inside the lines and then expect adults to
think outside the box.
5 Ask open-ended questions more often to encourage students to explore different ways of thinking.
On top of this, a safe environment should be created where students feel comfortable taking risks and making mistakes.
By doing so, students are better equipped to face complex problems with greater flexibility and innovation in the
future.
A．Avoiding risks is a natural tendency.
B．However, they have the potential to succeed.
C．To find out, I approached a group of fourth-graders.
D．Instead, they promote uniformity and standardization.
E．The results, as you can see, were diverse and inventive.
F．Seldom do we consider the possibility of multiple answers.
G．It’s time to break free from the “single right answer” mindset.
【答案】1．F 2．C 3．E 4．D 5．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲的是原有的唯一正确答案模式禁锢着学生的思维，所以我们应该摆
脱“唯一正确答案”的思维模式，多问一些开放式的问题，鼓励学生探索不同的思维模式。
1．根据空前“Throughout our lives, we usually look for just one answer to each question we encounter, like when
we ask what 2+2 equals or what the capital of India is.(在我们的一生中，我们通常只为遇到的每个问题寻找一
个答案，比如当我们问2+2 等于多少或印度的首都是什么时。)”可知此处指出我们通常只为每个问题寻找
一个答案，同时列举了2+2 等于几或印度的首都是什么的例子，F 项Seldom do we consider the possibility of
multiple answers.(我们很少考虑多个答案的可能性。)指出对于一个问题我们很少考虑答案的多样性，承接
上文，同时与空后“The “one-problem, one-answer” mindset is deeply rooted in how we think.(“一个问题，一
个答案”的思维方式深深植根于我们的思维方式。)”构成因果关系，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语
境，故选F 项。
2．根据空前“But what happens if we’re asked to generate different responses instead of one correct answer?(但
如果我们被要求给出不同的答案，而不是一个正确答案，会发生什么呢？)”可知此处提出了如果被要求给
出不同的答案，而不是一个正确答案的情景假设，根据空后“I asked them, “What if there is more than one
way to record the answer to 2+2?”(我问他们：“如果记录2+2 答案的方法不止一种呢？”)”可知此处提到了
作者向一些人提出了如果记录2+2 答案的方法有不止一种的问题，由them 知空处应提到这些人是谁，C 项
To find out, I approached a group of fourth-graders.(为了找到答案，我找到了一群四年级学生。)承上启下，引
出下文，空后的them 指代选项中的a group of fourth-graders，符合上下文语境，故选C 项。
3．根据空前“These kids weren’t “boxed in” by the artificial “requirement” of finding a single right answer. Rather,
they were asked a question beginning with the two words “What if……?”(这些孩子不会被人为的“要求”所“束
缚”，只需要找到一个正确的答案。相反，他们被问了一个以“如果
会怎么样？”开头的问题。
……
)”可知
此处指出孩子们没有被要求只需要找到一个正确的答案，而是被问了一个“如果
会怎么样？”的问题
……
，
孩子们就给出了各种各样的答案，E 项The results, as you can see, were diverse and inventive.(结果，正如你
所看到的，是多样化和创造性的。)对上文进行总结，与上文衔接紧密，选项中的The results 指的是上文所
提到问题的答案，diverse and inventive 与本段第一句中的different 相互照应，符合上下文语境，故选E 项。
4．根据空前“Ken Robinson has observed that our educational systems often don’t help students develop their
natural creativity.(肯·罗宾逊观察到，我们的教育系统往往不能帮助学生培养他们天生的创造力。)”可知肯·
罗宾逊发现我们现有的教育系统往往不能帮助学生培养他们天生的创造力，根据空后“Studies have shown
that teachers claim to value qualities of independent thinking and curiosity, yet they reward behaviors of obedience.
(研究表明，老师声称重视独立思考和好奇心的品质，但他们奖励服从的行为。)”可知研究表明我们的老师
虽声称重视独立思考和好奇心的品质，但他们更奖励服从，D 项Instead, they promote uniformity and
standardization.(相反，他们提倡统一和标准化。)指出我们现有的教育系统提倡答案的统一和标准化，承接
上下，引出下文，选项中的Instead 与上文构成转折关系，they 指代空前的our educational systems，符合上
下文语境，故选D 项。
5．空处位于段首，应为主旨句。根据空后“Ask open-ended questions more often to encourage students to
explore different ways of thinking. On top of this, a safe environment should be created where students feel comfortable
taking risks and making mistakes. By doing so, students are better equipped to face complex problems with greater
flexibility and innovation in the future.(多问一些开放式的问题，鼓励学生探索不同的思维方式。最重要的是，
应该创造一个安全的环境，让学生敢于冒险和犯错。通过这样做，学生们能够更好地面对复杂的问题，在
未来具有更大的灵活性和创新性。)”指出要多问一些开放式的问题并鼓励学生探索不同的思维方式及这样
做的意义，换句话说就是我们要摆脱传统的唯一正确答案的模式，G 项It’s time to break free from the “single
right answer” mindset.(是时候摆脱“唯一正确答案”的思维模式了。)指出是时候摆脱“唯一正确答案”的
思维模式了，概括全段内容，符合上下文语境，故选G 项。
【例2-2】（湖北省重点高中智学联盟2024-2025 学年高三上学期10 月联考英语试题）
Whether you like it or not, fall is here. Soon the weather will get colder. The leaves will die and the nights will
stretch longer than the days. Another year is dying; that’s just how it goes.
Studies suggest that if you are deeply preoccupied with your thoughts, in the autumn, you may be at more risk
for depression in the winter. Changing the clocks in the fall is associated with depressive episodes (changing them
back in spring is not). 1
Psychologists say that the feelings that often crop up in autumn come from our discomfort with change, and
an anxiety and uncertainty about what that change will bring.
2 And of these things the anxiety, the promise and even the careful thoughts — make it the ideal season
to build resilience and practice mindfulness. Psychologists have also found that the thought of change, the ending of
one thing, the beginning of another, and perhaps our own mortality, underlies a great deal of anxiety. Some of us
struggle with “intolerance of uncertainty,” more than others.
But intolerance of uncertainty is a part of being human; everyone has it on some level. 3 One way to
build tolerance is to lean into it — to cultivate uncertainty rather than running away from it.
4 Quietly sit on a park bench and watch a tree drop its leaves, for instance, examine the roses in the
garden that need pruning ... in such moments, it’s important to stop thinking, analyzing, or having internal conversations
about work or troubles or even whatever you are witnessing.
Autumn will probably hold some whisper of decay and mortality. 5 If you are always trying to avoid
difficult feelings, you might end up also cutting yourself off from love, richness and sweetness. Dr. Wilson said, “this
is how life is: sweet and sad, poured from the same vessel in equal measure.”
A．And it is changeable.
B．But it is not that bad.
C．But embracing that sadness is important.
D．More recently, it’s become a time to appreciate our surroundings.
E．Fall also brings with it bright, briskdays, pumpkin patches and cozy sweaters.
F．It is no wonder that the season has so many celebrations to attempt to keep our spirits up.
G．Another strategy experts suggest for soothing anxiety is to step back and simply observe the world around you.
【答案】1．F 2．B 3．A 4．G 5．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了秋天会出现的情绪波动甚至抑郁，并提出了一些调整方法。
1．根据上文“Studies suggest that if you are deeply preoccupied with your thoughts, in the autumn, you may be at
more risk for depression in the winter. Changing the clocks in the fall is associated with depressive episodes (changing
them back in spring is not).(研究表明，如果你在秋天被自己的想法深深占据，那么你在冬天患抑郁症的风险
可能更大。在秋天调时钟与抑郁发作有关（在春天调时钟则不然）。)”可知，上文解释了选项发生的原因。
故F 选项“难怪这个季节有这么多的庆祝活动试图让我们振作起来。”切题。故选F 项。
2．根据上文“Psychologists say that the feelings that often crop up in autumn come from our discomfort with
change, and an anxiety and uncertainty about what that change will bring.(心理学家说，秋天经常出现的感觉来
自于我们对变化的不适，以及对变化会带来什么的焦虑和不确定。)”和下文“And of these things the anxiety,
the promise and even the careful thoughts— make it the ideal season to build resilience and practice mindfulness.(焦虑
承诺，甚至是仔细的思考，这些都使它成为建立适应力和练习正念的理想季节。)”可知，选项与上文为转
折关系且承接下文说明情况也没有那么糟糕。故B 选项“但也没那么糟糕。”切题。故选B 项。
3．根据上文“But intolerance of uncertainty is a part of being human; everyone has it on some level.(但不能容忍
不确定性是人类的一部分；每个人在某种程度上都有这种感觉。)”和下文“One way to build tolerance is to
lean into it— to cultivate uncertainty rather than running away from it.(培养宽容的一种方法是向宽容靠拢——
培养不确定性，而不是逃避不确定性。)”可知，选项承接上下文说明上文情况具有变化性。changeable 呼
应uncertainty。故A 选项“而且它是多变的”切题。故选A 项。
4．根据下文“Quietly sit on a park bench and watch a tree drop its leaves, for instance, examine the roses in the
garden that need pruning ... in such moments, it’s important to stop thinking, analyzing, or having internal conversations
about work or troubles or even whatever you are witnessing.(比如，静静地坐在公园的长椅上，看着一棵树落
叶，审视花园里需要修剪的玫瑰
在这样的时刻，重要的是停止思考，分析，或对工作或麻烦甚至你所
……
目睹的任何事情进行内心对话。)”可知，本段主要在说缓解焦虑的策略是退后一步，简单地观察你周围的
世界。故G 选项“专家建议的另一个缓解焦虑的策略是退后一步，简单地观察你周围的世界。”切题。故
选G 项。
5．根据下文“If you are always trying to avoid difficult feelings, you might end up also cutting yourself off from
love, richness and sweetness.(如果你总是试图避免困难的感觉，你可能最终也切断了自己与爱，丰富和甜蜜
的联系。)”可知，不能逃避悲伤而是要拥抱悲伤。故C 选项“但拥抱悲伤是很重要的”切题，承接下文。
故选C 项。
解｜题｜技｜巧
段落的逻辑脉络 - 解题技巧与实战应用。此考向的核心是考查句与句之间的微观逻辑衔接。解题
的关键在于像侦探一样，识别出连接上下文的“逻辑信号词”和“语义线索”，从而理清思路的
流向。
一、核心解题技巧：识别逻辑，理清脉络
1. 识别逻辑关系词，逻辑关系词是解题中最直接、最明显的信号。看到它们，就如同看到了路标。
因果关系
信号词: because, since, as, for, so, therefore, thus, as a result, consequently, hence。
解题思路：明确空缺处是“因”还是“果”。
实战应用（例2-1 - 第1 空）分析：空前描述了“我们通常只为每个问题寻找一个答案”的现象
空后说“
一个问题，一个答案
的思维模式根深蒂固”。
‘
’
解题：空后是“果”，那么空前描述的普
遍现象就是“因”。但空格本身是现象的一部分，需要填入一个能强化这个“因”的句子。F 项“我们
很少考虑多个答案的可能性”是对空前现象的进一步强调，与空后构成了 “现象
结果”
→
的因果关
系。这里的逻辑信号是隐含的，需要通过语义判断。
转折/对比关系
信号词: but, however, yet, instead, rather, on the contrary, conversely, while, whereas。
解题思路：寻找意义相反或相对的方面。
实战应用（例2-2 - 第2 空）分析：空前描述了秋天带来的负面情绪（不适、焦虑、不确定）。
空后却说“这些焦虑
使它成为培养韧性的理想季节”。
……
解题：空后开始转向积极面，与空前构成明
显的转折。因此，空格需要填入一个承上启下的转折句。B 选项“But it is not that bad.”中的 “But” 是
强烈的转折信号，完美地衔接了上下文的情绪转向。
例证关系
信号词: for example, for instance, such as, like, take...as an example。
解题思路：空格前后通常呈现“总述—举例”或“举例—总结”的关系。
实战应用（例2-1 - 第2 空）分析：空前提出一个假设性问题“但如果要求给出不同答案会怎
样？”。空后立即以“我问他们...”开始，并给出了具体对话内容。解题：空后是一个具体的例子。因
此，空格需要填入一个能引出该例子的句子。C 选项“To find out, I approached a group of fourth-
graders.” 正是为了回答前面的问题而采取的具体行动，起到了“总起事例”的作用，其中的 “them”
也完美地被空后的 “They” 所指代。
顺承/递进关系
信号词: and, also, furthermore, moreover, in addition, what’s more, then。
解题思路：上下文在意义上是延续、并列或递进的。
【变式2-1】（2024 届广东省高三下学期二模英语试题）
Artificial Intelligence (AI) geolocation (互联网定位技术) solutions are changing the way researchers track
and monitor wildlife, enabling more powerful conservation efforts. These systems use advanced sensors, satellite
imagery, and machine learning algorithms (算法) to gather real-time data on animal movements, habitat preferences,
and migration patterns. 1
Traditional tracking methods often rely on non-automatic tracking or inconvenient necklace-like systems,
which may cause stress and discomfort to the animals. 2 The devices can work as tags and the camera
traps can be set up remotely, which decreases human impact on wildlife.
In addition, AI-powered devices collect and analyze data precisely. Through their assistance, scientists can
gain insights into habitat choices and evaluate the effect of global warming on wild animal locations. 3 For
example, by analyzing the collected data, conservationists can promote targeted habitat restoration efforts according to
the patterns and connections they discovered with the help of AI geolocation devices.
4 By monitoring animals’ behavioral changes in real-time, researchers can quickly detect signs of
environmental issues. Sudden changes in an animal’s movements could indicate threats or problems. Researchers can
实战应用（例2-2 - 第4 空）分析：空前在介绍一种缓解焦虑的方法（培养不确定性）。空后开始
描述另一种具体做法（静静地坐着观察）。解题：空后的内容是与前文方法并列的另一种策略。G 选
项“Another strategy experts suggest...” 中的 “Another” 是典型的递进/并列信号词，清楚地表明这是在
原有基础上增加新的方法。
2. 关注代词指代——代词是维系逻辑连贯的生命线。如果选项中含有代词，其指代内容必须在上下文
中明确无误。
实战应用（例2-1 - 第3 空）
分析：空前详细描述了孩子们在“What if”问题下给出的各种富有创意的答案。
解题：E 选项“The results, as you can see, were diverse and inventive.” 中的 “The results” 精准
地指代了前文孩子们给出的所有答案。这个选项起到了总结前述例子的作用，没有这个指代，逻辑链
就不完整。
注｜意｜事｜项
1.
逻辑信号词是“路标”，但需结合语义：找到路标后，一定要确认前后句的语义关系是否与该
路标指示的逻辑一致。例如，看到 but，就要确认前后是否真的存在对比或转折。
2.
警惕“隐性逻辑”：并非所有逻辑关系都有明显的信号词。很多时候需要依靠语义进行判断，
如例2-1 的第1 空是“因果”，例2-2 的第5 空是“转折”（通过下文“避免...会切断...”反推
“拥抱...是重要的”）。这时，仔细体会上下文的语气和情感走向至关重要。
3.
确保指代明确：当选项中含有代词（it, they, this, that, these, the results 等）时，必须在空前或空
后找到其确切的指代对象。指代模糊的选项通常是干扰项。
4.
遵循“就近原则”：在分析逻辑时，优先考虑与空格紧邻的句子。通常情况下，最直接的逻辑
关系存在于空格的前一句和后一句之间。
then respond immediately, potentially saving the animal’s life.
Sharing geolocation data through online platforms can also help raise awareness about protecting endangered
species. 5 This help them feel more connected to the issues wildlife face in habitats. The bond promotes
a sense of responsibility among individuals and encourages them to contribute to wildlife conservation efforts through
various means, such as donations, volunteer work, and so on.
A．This knowledge enables them to make accurate and efficient decisions.
B．However, AI tracking does not require disturbing contact with the animals.
C．AI monitoring needs fewer battery replacements than the traditional methods.
D．The solutions have offered the following key benefits to wildlife conservation.
E．Directly engaging with conservation efforts gives people a first-hand experience.
F．The AI geolocation technology significantly reduces the need for massive fieldwork.
G．With real-time data, the AI solutions also function as an early warning for wildlife risks.
【变式2-2】（黑龙江省哈尔滨市第九中学2025-2026 学年高三上学期期中英语试题）
How to protect your privacy when you travel
It hasn’t been an easy year for the privacy of travelers, at least so far. Data leaks, surveillance (监视) worries
and those troublesome cameras in airplane seatbacks and hotel rooms are enough to make passengers anxious. 1
Fortunately, there are ways to safeguard your privacy on land and in the air. These tips can help you deal with these
troubles.
2 “It’s not clever to declare on Facebook that you’re travelling to somewhere, reminding a wide range of
people that your property is sitting empty,” says Danny McLoughlin. “That puts your security at risk.” Wait until you
return to start posting vacation photos.
Some homeowners renting their residences may install security cameras. Travelers should find out if the hosts
are required to disclose the presence of surveillance devices. If the rental comes with cameras, ensure they aren’t in
a sensitive area by conducting a careful sweep. 3
Although you can’t control how a hotel or airline handles—or mishandles—your data, you can take reasonable
steps to ensure the information it has won’t get you into trouble. 4 But some of the worst data leaks happen
when you’re staying at a hotel. For example, a hotel clerk sometimes asks for your name and then announces your
room number after you’ve checked in. You’re better off handing the employee your ID when he or she asks for
your name and asking him/her to write your room number on a piece of paper. Why? 5 Just to be sure, never
leave the customer copy behind. You can destroy it later, but keep it under your control.
A．It’s never been better.
B．Perhaps they shouldn’t be.
C．Never broadcast your journey on social media.
D．There are other people on the other side of the wall.
E．However, travelers are not powerless against these threats.
F．Some travelers only offer the bare minimum, such as a P.O.box instead of a home address.
G．Report anything doubtful to the host immediately—and if you don’t like what you hear, leave.
考向03 词汇的语义粘连
【例3-1】（2024 届福建省泉州市高中毕业班5 月高考适应性监测）
While most of us work hard to shine at the presentations and speeches we can prepare for, we may find
impromptu (即兴的) communication scary. Actually, you just need to learn specific skills to communicate effectively
when put on the spot. Here are a few pointers.
1 What do you want your audience to know? How do you want them to feel, and what do you want
them to do? Having a clear objective paired with an awareness of your audience will narrow your focus. Then you
can prioritize what to say and choose your exact words more wisely.
Organize Your Thoughts. When making formal presentations, most people give a logical structure that audiences
can easily follow. But few of us adequately organize thoughts in impromptu situations. 2 In fact, the best
speakers maintain audience interest by demonstrating connections among specific points, ideas, for example.
Listen as well as you talk. 3 You should do the opposite: focus on listening so that you can better
understand the in-the-moment needs and interests of your conversation partners and respond more effectively.
Paraphrasing or asking open-ended follow-up questions can help confirm your understanding and provide extra time
to think about your response.
Dare to be dull. Don’t feel you need to give a standout performance. One popular saying applies here, “ 4 ”
Listeners are more likely to trust and approve of you when you speak like a human being rather than an actor or a
robot. Research shows that the most effective speech includes moderate use of fillers such as “um” and “uh”.
The real problem in impromptu communication isn’t an inability to communicate. 5 Fortunately, a
measure of experimentation thought, and practice of the skills can make impromptu speaking opportunities your time
to shine.
A．Identify a communication goal.
B．He knows most who speaks least.
C．Don’t let the perfect be the enemy of the good.
D．It’s being so nervous that we struggle with the talks.
E．We may assume that it’s impossible to do so on the fly.
F．A clear structure enhances comprehension and engagement.
G．Most people obsess over what to say during impromptu encounters.
【答案】1．A 2．F 3．G 4．C 5．D
【导语】本文是一篇关于即兴沟通技巧的说明文。文章通过提供具体的建议帮助读者在没有准备的情况下
有效沟通。
1．下文“Having a clear objective paired with an awareness of your audience will narrow your focus. (拥有一个
清晰的目标，加上对听众的了解，将有助于集中你的注意力。)”说明要明确沟通目标并了解听众，空格处
需要一个与此相一致的选项，因此A 项“Identify a communication goal. (确定一个沟通目标。)”中的关键词
goal 和本段相符，故选A。
2．下文“In fact, the best speakers maintain audience interest by demonstrating connections among specific points,
ideas, for example. (事实上，最好的演讲者通过展示特定点和想法之间的联系来保持听众兴趣。)”说明优秀
的讲话需要有一定的逻辑结构，因此F 项“A clear structure enhances comprehension and engagement. (清晰的
结构增强理解和参与度。)”与下文一致，故选F。
3．下文“You should do the opposite: focus on listening so that you can better understand the in-the-moment needs
and interests of your conversation partners and respond more effectively. (你应该做相反的事情：专注于倾听，
这样你就能更好地理解对话伙伴的即时需求和兴趣，并更有效地回应。)”说明在谈话中,我们应该更加注重
倾听而不是说话,因此G 项“Most people obsess over what to say during impromptu encounters. (大多数人在即
兴场合过于纠结于该说什么。)”与下文的do the opposite 逻辑相符，故选G。
4．下文“Listeners are more likely to trust and approve of you when you speak like a human being rather than an
actor or a robot. (当你像一个人而不是演员或机器人那样说话时，听众更可能信任和赞同你。)”说明想要让
对方更加信任自己，我们不应该像机器人那样发挥完美，机械回答，应该更像人类一样，有一些小错误，
因此C 项“Don’t let the perfect be the enemy of the good. (不要让完美成为好的敌人。)”与下文相一致，故选
C。
5．下文“Fortunately, a measure of experimentation thought, and practice of the skills can make impromptu speaking
opportunities your time to shine. (幸运的是，一些实验性思考和技能实践可以使即兴演讲机会成为你发光的时
刻。)”可知通过这些小技巧，可以让人们在谈话中发挥出色，从而就不会紧张，因此D 项“It’s being so
nervous that we struggle with the talks. (正是因为我们太紧张，所以我们在谈话中挣扎。)”与下文相一致，故
选D。
【例3-2】（山东省泰安市2025-2026 学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题）
A Community Garden Brings People Together
Tired of the dull gray of the city, some residents in our community decided to take action. They transformed
an empty lot into a vibrant garden. 1 It is a place where people connect with nature and each other.
The garden is divided into small plots. Families and individuals can apply to grow their own vegetables and
flowers. 2 “I never thought I’d enjoy getting my hands dirty so much,” said Mr. Davis, a retired teacher.
“Seeing the seeds I planted grow into healthy plants gives me a great sense of achievement.”
3 Every Sunday morning, you can see neighbors watering plants, pulling weeds, and sharing
gardening tips. Children especially love to help, learning where their food comes from. The garden has become an
outdoor classroom for them.
The benefits go beyond fresh produce. 4 People who used to be strangers now stop to chat. The
garden hosts parties, like a harvest festival in the autumn, which strengthens the community bond.
“This garden is more than just a piece of land,” said Mrs. Chen, one of the founders. “It’s a symbol of hope
and cooperation.” 5 Indeed, the project shows how a small idea can grow into something that truly enriches
everyone’s life.
A．For many, it’s the first time they have experienced the joy of gardening.
B．However, maintaining the public areas is a shared responsibility.
C．But this garden is much more than just a source of food and beauty.
D．It has also become a powerful tool for building friendships.
E．The project has encouraged a spirit of teamwork among residents.
F．Some even volunteer to take care of the common areas.
G．We hope it will inspire other communities to start their own projects.
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个社区花园如何将人们聚集在一起。
1．上文“Tired of the dull gray of the city, some residents in our community decided to take action. They transformed
an empty lot into a vibrant garden. (厌倦了城市单调的灰色，我们社区的一些居民决定采取行动。他们把一块
空地变成了一个生机勃勃的花园。)”说明居民们把空地变成了花园，下文“It is a place where people connect
with nature and each other. (这是一个人们与自然和彼此联系的地方。)”说明花园是一个人们与自然和彼此联
系的地方，由此可知，空处应该是一个过渡句，说明花园不仅仅是一个提供食物和美丽的地方，还有更多
的意义。选项C“但这个花园不仅仅是一个食物和美丽的来源。”符合语境。故选C。
2．下文“I never thought I’d enjoy getting my hands dirty so much. (我从没想过我会这么喜欢弄脏我的手。)”
说明说话者之前没有体验过园艺的乐趣，现在却很喜欢，空处应该提到许多人是第一次体验园艺。选项
A“对许多人来说，这是他们第一次体验到园艺的乐趣。”符合语境，进一步说明了许多人第一次体验园艺
的乐趣。故选A。
3．下文“Every Sunday morning, you can see neighbors watering plants, pulling weeds, and sharing gardening
tips.
Children especially love to help, learning where their food comes from. The garden has become an
outdoor classroom for them.(每个星期天早上，你都可以看到邻居们在浇花、拔草、分享园艺技巧。孩子们尤
其喜欢帮忙，他们借此了解食物的来源。这个花园已经成为了他们的一间户外课堂。)”说明邻居们在这个
花园里一起劳作，共同维护花园，空处应该提到维护花园是共同的责任。选项B“然而，维护公共区域是共
同的责任。”符合语境，进一步强调了维护花园是共同的责任。故选B。
4．下文“People who used to be strangers now stop to chat. (过去是陌生人的人现在会停下来聊天。)”说明花
园促进了人们之间的交流，空处应该提到花园在建立友谊方面的作用。选项D“它也成为建立友谊的有力工
具。”符合语境，进一步说明了花园在建立友谊方面的作用。故选D。
5．上文““This garden is more than just a piece of land,” said Mrs. Chen, one of the founders. “It’s a symbol of
hope and cooperation” (“这个花园不仅仅是一块土地，”创始人之一的陈太太说，“它是希望和合作的象
征”)”说明花园是希望和合作的象征，空处应该进一步说明花园的意义或影响。选项G“我们希望它能激励
其他社区开始他们自己的项目。”符合语境，进一步说明了花园的意义和影响。故选G。
解｜题｜技｜巧
词汇的语义粘连 - 此考向的核心是考查通过词汇手段（而非语法或逻辑连接词）实现的语篇连贯。
解题的关键在于像侦探一样，寻找上下文之间在词汇上的“呼应”与“共鸣”，这些词汇线索如
同散落的珍珠，能将语义串联起来。
一、核心解题技巧：寻找词汇复现与同范畴词
1. 原词复现——这是最直接、最有力的粘连方式。相同的词汇在上下文不同的位置重复出现。
实战应用（例3-1 - 第1 空）分析：本段第二句和第三句连续出现 “objective”, “what to say”,
“choose your exact words”。解题：这些词汇都围绕一个核心概念：沟通的目标和内容。A 选项
“Identify a communication goal.” 中的 “goal” 与下文的 “objective” 是典型的同义复现，同时
“communication” 原词出现，与本段核心话题高度一致。这使得A 选项成为本段当之无愧的主
题句。
2. 同义/近义复现——上下文使用意义相同或相近的词汇。这比原词复现更灵活，也更为常见。
实战应用（例3-1 - 第2 空）分析：本段核心话题是 “Organize Your Thoughts” 和 “logical
structure”。空后提到 “demonstrating connections among specific points”。解题：F 选项 “A
clear structure enhances comprehension and engagement.” 中的 “structure” 与前文的 “logical
structure” 是原词复现，而 “engagement” (参与度) 与空后的 “maintain audience interest” (保
持听众兴趣) 构成了精彩的同义复现。这种双重粘连，极大地锁定了正确答案。
3. 上下义/范畴词复现——上文出现一个概括性的词（上义词），下文出现其具体类别或组成部分
（下义词），或者围绕一个核心话题出现一系列相关词汇。
实战应用（例3-2 - 第1 空）分析：上文说把空地变成了 “a vibrant garden”。下文说它是人们
与自然和彼此 “connect” 的地方。解题：C 选项 “But this garden is much more than just a
source of food and beauty.” 中的 “garden” 是原词复现，而 “food and beauty” 是花园所能提
供的具体功能（下义词），与下文的抽象意义 “connect” 形成对比，用 “more than” 引出花
园更深层的价值，完美衔接。
4. 反义复现
意义相反的词语在语境中相互呼应，形成对比，从而强化语义关联。
实战应用（例3-1 - 第3 空）分析：空后提出 “You should do the opposite: focus on listening”。
解题： “opposite” (相反) 是一个强烈的反义信号。那么，空格处必须描述一种与 “listening”
相反的行为。G 选项 “Most people obsess over what to say...” 中的 “what to say” (说什么) 正
与 “listening” (倾听) 构成反义复现，明确了 “opposite” 所指代的对象。
【变式3-1】（江苏省连云港市2025-2026 学年高三上学期11 月期中英语试题）
The Surprising Benefits of Adding Adventure to Your Life
When feeling blue, the thought of intense physical activity may seem like the worst idea. All you want to do
is sit and maybe watch TV. 1
Research by J. Reese McLain (2025) shows adventure therapy (AT) is being used to treat psychological
disorders. Defined as the structured use of adventure experiences in nature led by professionals, AT can include
practices such as wilderness therapy and activities like kayaking or rock climbing. 2 The less adventurous or
physically fit could still benefit as long as they’re getting outside and being as active as their abilities permit.
3 Through a comprehensive analysis of over 73,000 publications, researchers identified 12 quality
studies involving more than 2,000 participants with anxiety symptoms. The results showed that 90% of participants
experienced measurable benefits. No negative effects were reported — even with adults averaging 43 years old.
Several psychological processes explain why adventure therapy works. One is grounded in existential therapy,
which emphasizes personal responsibility when facing outdoor challenges. 4 It suggests that by overcoming
physical challenges, individuals can build their confidence. Additionally, the team building and friendship developed
when tackling difficult goals can help create a greater sense of connectedness.
You don’t need to go kayaking to benefit. Outdoor activities can take many forms, from spending an hour
pulling up weeds or planting flowers to using your lunch break to visit a local park. 5 When you combine that
with enjoying the weather or scenery, you might be doing your mind a favor along with your body.
A．Adlerian theory offers another explanation.
B．Positive effects were seen even in 2-1/2 hours.
C．These are tailored to individual needs and abilities.
D．It also strengthens their bond with the natural world.
注｜意｜事｜项
1.
核心词原则：在分析选项和上下文时，要迅速抓住并圈出各句的核心实词（名词、动词、形容
词），尤其是那些与文章主线密切相关的词汇。这些词是语义粘连的锚点。
2.
“粘连网络”而非“单一对应”：一个正确的选项，往往与上下文存在多处词汇粘连（如例3-
1 的第2 空，同时有原词复现和同义复现）。不要仅仅因为一个词对应就匆忙下结论，要寻找
更强的证据网络。
3.
结合逻辑与结构：词汇粘连是强大的工具，但不能脱离逻辑和结构孤立使用。例如，在例3-2
的第3 空，B 选项中的 “public areas” 与下文的 “watering plants, pulling weeds” 构成范畴对
应，但选项中的 “However” 和 “shared responsibility” 则同时体现了逻辑转折和段落主旨，
需要结合判断。
4.
警惕“伪复现”：干扰项可能会使用文章中出现过的词汇，但其核心语义与上下文不符。因此，
在找到复现词后，一定要通读语句，确保整体意思连贯，而不仅仅是词汇的简单匹配。
E．The research evidence supporting AT’s effectiveness is convincing.
F．Physical activity alone is a valuable addition to conventional therapy.
G．Yet research suggests that outdoor activity could be exactly what you need.
【变式3-2】（福建省福州第一中学2025-2026 学年高三上学期11 月期中英语试题）
Oceans are an appealing target for renewable energy production. Waves produce 32,000 terawatt-hours of
natural energy per year — by comparison, the entire world uses around 23,000 terawatt-hours of energy every year.
The advantages of wave power are clear. 1 Turbines produce electricity through the power of waves,
making them a completely pollution-free, renewable energy source. And the amount of kinetic energy in a wave is so
huge that the energy is used to produce electricity. There is also a lot of potential because many countries have access
to an ocean that can help power their electricity system. Also, waves are hardly interrupted and almost always on the
move. 2
But the disadvantages of wave energy are serious too. Building factories or installing electrical wires directly
on the beach might prove challenging. 3 Local fishing zones could be affected or the factories could lead to more
coastal erosion. High costs are a problem too. Wave power is a rising energy technology in the early stages of
development, so calculating the costs is difficult. 4 Because constant movement can lead to more damage,
wave energy factories will most likely need regular and costly maintenance.
5 For many ocean-bordering countries, wave energy will be a great addition to the renewable energy
mix. The bottom line is that wave power has enormous global potential. However, the industry needs more funding
and research to finalize the technologies involved so that countries can begin adding wave energy to their renewable
energy source list.
A．Wave energy still needs to be explored.
B．They are not affordable to many countries.
C．Despite the challenges, there is a future of wave energy.
D．Wave energy does not give off greenhouse gases when produced.
E．They can cause damage to sea life and the surrounding ecosystems.
F．Maintenance of the factories in moving saltwater is very expensive.
G．This makes electricity from wave energy a more reliable energy source.
专题01 高考真题练
A
（2025 年全国高考二卷英语真题）
Unexpected Benefits of Volunteering as a Family
Are you looking for a way to bring your family together? Hoping to find a hobby that can be shared by both
the little ones and adults? 1 You may know the “feel-good” emotions that come with helping others, but
there are even more unexpected ways volunteering will positively affect the whole family.
●You’ll feel like you have more time.
People often feel they are too busy to volunteer. Yet, research has found that giving your time to community
causes actually makes you feel like you have more of it. 2
●You can live longer if you volunteer regularly.
3 Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and
maintained overall health longer than others their age. Volunteers are also more likely to look after their own health
and are more focused on adding physical activity into their lives.
● 4
Volunteering during teenage years has been linked to some major positive effects such as improved grades and
increased self-confidence. These effects aren’t just short-term but have been proved to affect a teen’s well-being in
the years to come.
●You’ll have more time with family.
Families who volunteer together have the unique experience of working toward a common goal. 5
Everyone brings something unique to the table and can connect with each other in a new way. And, there are tasks
for every age and ability, so all your children can feel proud of their work.
A．Helping the community lowers rates of depression.
B．Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need.
C．Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers.
D．Volunteering can be the first step in breaking down prejudice.
E．For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits.
F．You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn’t know about before.
G．Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day.
B
（浙江首考2025 年1 月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题）
One of the most common mistakes in communication is trying to do too much. 1 There’s no value
in delivering any kind of communication, whether written, spoken, formal, or informal, if the message doesn’t come
across clearly. Being clear and brief — while maintaining interest and including everything your listeners need to
know — is a high-level communication skill.
Here are some tips worth following in order to communicate more effectively.
Keep your audience in mind.
Your audience will naturally be more interested and engaged when you tailor your communications to their
interests. 2 This will engage their desire to understand and interact with the information.
Don’t use ten words when one will do.
Even the most engaged and committed audience will eventually get bored. Keeping your message simple and
clear will make it easier for people to understand. 3 However, they’re hearing it for the first time. Keep it simple.
4
If you’ve ever worked as an instructor, manager, trainer or coach, you’ll know that there are few better ways
to learn new information than to teach it. Ask the audience to contribute their ideas or to take a role in explaining new
concepts and policies to others. Allow them to lead discussions and meetings to develop their communication skills.
Consider the best method to deliver your message.
If the information you’re communicating isn’t urgent, consider sending an email. Written communication will
give your audience more time to review it, think it over, and follow up with questions. 5
Building effective communication skills takes time, but the effects are worth the effort.
A．Be patient.
B．Get the audience involved.
C．The best messages are often simple.
D．Speak directly to what matters to them.
E．You may be surprised by what your listeners offer.
F．It will also give them a handy record to refer back to.
G．As the speaker, you already know what you’re going to say.
C
(2024 年新课标全国Ⅱ卷英语真题)
Overtourism Is For Real: How Can You Help?
Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and
communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. 1 Certainly
not. The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world. Here are some tips on making wise
decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience.
●Choose mindfully. Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online
posts featuring the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape,
culture or food deeply draws you. 2
●Get creative. The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. Though
overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world, it’s actually concentrated to a small number of
extremely popular spots. That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from. 3 Why not try a
regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights?
● 4 Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour. You’ll compete
with fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place, and boost the economy when tourism is
traditionally slower.
Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege (荣幸). Do your part to preserve what makes a destination
special in the first place. 5 You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there.
A．Visit during off-peak times.
B．So, should we stop traveling?
C．Travel for you and no one else.
D．Can overtourism be avoided then?
E．You can still find relatively undiscovered places.
F．You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it.
G．Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting.
专题02 优秀模拟题
A
（2026 届江西省景德镇高三上学期一模英语试题）
We all know that first impressions count. Whether interviewing or meeting new friends, the initial moments
of an encounter can set the tone for the entire relationship. But what’s actually going on inside our brains when we
make these snap (仓促的) judgments?
1 . This complex structure, deep in the brain, is involved in processing emotions and memory. When
we meet someone new, it quickly assesses their faces for potential threats or rewards, triggering instant like or dislike.
It’s a primitive response below our conscious awareness.
However, first impressions aren’t merely based on primitive instincts. 2 . For instance, someone with
eye contact and a firm handshake is often immediately perceived as more confident and trustworthy. These non-
verbal cues are processed rapidly and contribute significantly to the overall assessment.
Interestingly, research suggests that due to a phenomenon known as confirmation bias (偏见), these initial
judgments can be surprisingly persistent. 3 . We tend to seek information confirming initial beliefs, ignoring
contradictory evidence. A first impression, once formed, can be difficult to change.
So, is it possible to make a better first impression? Absolutely. Experts recommend focusing on being fully
present in the interaction. 4 . This signals respect and engagement. Secondly, paying attention to your body
language. An open posture and a genuine smile convey warmth and openness better than words alone.
First impressions are powerful, but not infallible. 5 . Understanding the science behind them allows us
to be more mindful of our own automatic judgments and perhaps a little more effortful in presenting our best selves
to the world.
A．Our conscious mind also matters.
B．This means once we form a view, we stick.
C．Therefore, conscious effort to listen actively is key.
D．For example, put away your phone and give your full attention.
E．Studies show such judgments quickly form in the first seven seconds.
F．They are simply our brain’s initial, rapid assessment based on limited data.
G．Neuroscientists note the role of the amygdala, a small almond-shaped region.
B
（山东省菏泽市2025--2026 学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题）
Motivation is the force that drives you to take action toward your goals. 1 There are many strategies
to strengthen motivation. Let’s explore a few effective ones that can make a significant impact.
One effective strategy is setting SMART (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Related and Time-limited) goals,
which helps clarify goals, making them more achievable. For example, instead of saying, “I want to get fit,” you
might set a SMART goal like, “I will run three times a week for 30 minutes for the next month.” 2
Carrying out reward systems can significantly improve motivation. 3 Moreover, having an accountability
partner encourages commitment and provides extra support. Sharing your goals with someone else can create a social
commitment that keeps you motivated.
4 Break time allows your mind to recharge, preventing burnout. Including short breaks in your schedule
can lead to increased productivity and motivation. Remember, a well-rested mind is a motivated mind!
Getting feedback (反馈) from those around you can provide valuable perspectives (视角) on your motivation
levels. 5 Additionally, discussing your challenges can help you feel supported and understood, further
increasing your motivation to keep going.
A．Rest is as important as hard work.
B．They can offer suggestions that you haven’t considered.
C．The surrounding environment greatly influences your motivation.
D．It helps you overcome difficulties and ultimately achieve your goals.
E．It provides clarity and structure, increasing your motivation to take action.
F．Treating yourself for reaching each small goal can create a sense of achievement.
G．Strategies for improving motivation are important tools for personal development.
C
（湖北省黄冈市部分高中2025-2026 学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题）
The ways to turn one day off into a 24-hour vacation
For people with inflexible schedules or limited time off from work, flying for a day trip can be an attainable
way to experience a place without committing to a longer vacation. Kevin Droniak says he is “addicted” to 24-hour
travel.
Droniak, a content creator, has documented over a dozen trips originating from New York on TikTok. 1
Typically, it involves an early-morning flight, a period of exploring a city or a specific attraction, then a departure in
the evening or the following morning. “I want to showcase that travel can have an incredible impact even if time isn’t
on your side,” said Droniak, 28. Fast-paced travel and 24-hour journeys appear earlier than social media and viral
fads. However, this hardcore style of travel taps into our modern desire for quick, impactful experiences that are
easily documented and shared. 2
Droniak says the key to jet-setting day trips is not to over-plan. 3 On a trip to Puerto Rico, for
instance, his objective was simply to go to the beach. In Cairo (yes, Droniak spent one day there from New York),
his only goal was to see the pyramids. 4 Most people might consider a route like this extremely exhausting,
but Droniak insists that he embraced and enjoyed the sweaty adventure.
“I know it’s not for everyone, but, for me, I love just sitting on a plane, so flying is part of the fun. It’s also
helpful that I can sleep upright,” he said. The idea of flying anywhere for a day trip is inconceivable, but Droniak
considers the most worthwhile experiences are ones that fully get you out of the house. “ 5 Because it
makes it possible to experience a childlike sense of wonder again,” he said.
A．You shouldn’t over-plan your trip.
B．It’s travel’s version of instant satisfaction.
C．Even a short trip is better than staying home.
D．And in Paris, his purpose was to visit the Eiffel Tower.
E．That means having only one “motive” for each place.
F．24-hour travel is not a new idea and has been popular since it appeared.
G．Of these trips, he usually sticks to a “24-hour whirlwind check-off” format.
D
（2026 届浙江省宁波市海曙区等5 地高三一模英语试题）
As our dogs enter their golden years, what they need for their continued comfort and happiness will change.
1 It involves a comprehensive approach that covers their changing health, mobility, and emotional well-being.
It’s important to stay on top of their health with regular vet check-ups to help detect any age-related issues
early on. This way, conditions such as joint pain or mental decline can be managed effectively, ensuring your senior
dog is getting the care they need. Remember to keep a close eye on their behavior. 2
As your dog ages, their nutritional needs will change, too. It’s essential to change their diet and monitor their
weight to prevent any obesity-related health issues. 3 Also consider giving supplements such as a
multivitamin which includes joint-supporting ingredients, as well as healthy fats which help improve brain function
and support healthy skin.
Your dog might not be as lively as they once were, so adjusting their exercise routine makes sense. 4
Activities like swimming are great, too, as they provide all-round exercise to maintain muscle mass and joint flexibility
without putting stress on their old bones.
5 Spend quality time with your senior dog, engaging in activities they love. Your companionship is
invaluable to them. With a thoughtful approach to their needs, you can ensure that your loyal companion enjoys their
later years with dignity, comfort, and the love they deserve.
Remember, you’re not alone in this. Get in touch with your vet or fellow pet parents if you need advice or
support.
A．Choose high-quality senior dog food.
B．But preventive care is better than treatment.
C．Any small relevant shifts are often the first clues.
D．Emotional well-being should not be overlooked.
E．Think gentle walks instead of intense fetch sessions.
F．Don’t forget to reward them with their favorite treats after exercise.
G．Taking care of your senior dog goes beyond regular walks and meals.
E
（2026 届广东省大湾区高三上学期普通高中毕业年级联合模拟考试英语试卷）
Paris is an ideal travel destination with its food, wine, shopping complexes and sightseeing spots. 1
Actually it is possible to have a good time without spending a lot.
Forget the large international hotels in the centre. Instead, get off the main streets. There are many hotels just
two blocks away from the main tourist attractions, which cost as little as US $35 a night each, including breakfast.
1 But who needs more when the point of the trip is to be out in the streets? The real bonus is living
among French people and experiencing their life.
Seek out small, local cafes when you want a meal. They are at every street corner in the less fancy parts of
town. Choose from the fixed-price dinner menus posted outside these cafes. Many have prices as low as US $9 or
US $10. Drinks with meals are more expensive, especially beer and quality wine. But there are some reasonable
alternatives. House wine is good: perhaps a couple of dollars per carafe (喇叭瓶). Coffee, thick and lovely, costs US
$2.50 a cup. 2
Getting around Paris is easy and inexpensive. Walking is the best way to feel the street-life but when you
start to tire, take the train. Subway tickets for anywhere across the city cost around a dollar a trip and even less if you
buy a multiple-ticket book. 3 All the maps and signposts are easy to understand.
4 Passes can be bought at major subway stations and elsewhere. The Louvre is an absolute must to
visit. The Eiffel Tower gives a great view of the city for less than US $10. You can’t miss the street architecture, the
surrounding atmosphere and the daily goings-on in Paris. More importantly, they cost nothing or little to explore and
experience.
A．The system is quick and efficient.
B．The breakfast features a local flavor.
C．But some people are worried about the high cost.
D．The admissions to Paris’ attractions are not costly.
E．Quality wine and tasty food are tough on the budget.
F．The rooms with small bathrooms are clean and basic.
G．That totals less than $15 per person for dinner and drinks.
F
（湖南省湘东十二校联考2025-2026 学年高三上学期11 月期中英语试题）
Breaking Age Bias in the Workplace
Ageism in the workplace is a harsh reality, yet it is often overlooked. While people voice strong objections to
other forms of discrimination like sexism and racism, they turn a blind eye to ageism and sweep it under the carpet.
1 We live in a youth-centered society, and the hype around “out with the old, in with the new” must end.
Experience cannot be found on Google. A person’s age does not reduce their ability to work hard or make valuable
contributions to an organization or society. Reaching 35+ does not mean someone is incompetent and should be
declined. Myths such as “They can’t learn.” “They lack creativity.” “They are less productive than younger employees.”
and “They can’t work overtime.” are all based on false premises. 2
In the past, age was admired and honored. 3 This shift in attitude toward age hurts many career
paths. Being over 40 is only acceptable in certain senior roles — for example, in management and politics, where
people trust those with decades of experience. Many people over 40 are stuck in their current jobs because opportunities
are limited. 4 Undoubtedly, it will give rise to serious social issues sooner or later.
So, it’s high time to end age-based discrimination. We should not fear or feel embarrassed to state our age. Age
brings wisdom, experience, knowledge, resilience, and more. Age and experience deserve rewards, not bias. 5
After all, we all grow old eventually.
A．Experience is a treasure gained only through time.
B．Today, however, it is often viewed with disrespect.
C．Ageism is thus more hidden than other kinds of discrimination.
D．Thus, we should value age instead of seeing it as a weakness.
E．And limited chances make their professional lives unpromising.
F．Such wrong ideas ignore the real value of older workers.
G．This disregard worsens due to society’s wrong focus on youth.
G
（2026 届江西省高三上学期高考仿真模拟考试（一）英语试题）
Should I go for a bar of snickers (士力架) or a piece of cheese cake? Do I paint my room pink or use wallpaper
instead? Is it better to take up volleyball or swimming? 1 When you’re able to reach decisions, accept and
learn from your choices. This can give you a sense of calmness.
Treat decisions differently
Some decisions, like what to order when you go out to eat, aren’t very serious, but others can have consequences
for your health, schoolwork or relationships. 2 On the contrary, making random decisions on crucial matters
can make you bury your head in the sand. Try to stop taking everything so seriously and witness the difference that
makes in your life.
Make tough decisions
3 You could start by listing the different options, then weighing up the positives and negatives of each
one. Anita Holland, an expert, says following your true feelings and listening to your heart can also work. “Try to
catch your first thought before your mind gets confused,” she says. 4 However, you should be careful about
choices that are made only to please somebody else.
What if I regret my choice?
Many people worry about making the “wrong” decision, especially if they feel disappointed by how things
turn out. 5 If the one you choose leads to a disappointing experience, try reflecting on it and think about
whether you would make a different decision in the future.
A．Other people’s feelings can be considered, too.
B．You must think twice before you decide to make it.
C．It is not necessary to take unimportant decisions too seriously.
D．It is easy to make a wrong decision, especially under pressure.
E．For difficult decisions, it can be helpful to break down your thinking.
F．People make choices every day, which causes tension and feelings of uncertainty.
G．Indeed, there is not always a reasonable choice but different paths lead to distinct experiences.
H
（2026 届广东省广州市天河区高三一模英语试题）
Thirst is one of the fundamental urges an organism can have. After all, water is the substance that we rely on
to transport essential molecules (分子) and other particles around our bodies to keep us alive. 1 Shouldn’t we
have developed a taste for this essential substance?
2 Several new studies seem to show not only that water does, in fact, have a taste, but that we might
have taste buds (味蕾) that respond directly to it.
We now know that there are at least five basic tastes: salty, sour, sweet, bitter and umami. 3
Researchers have sought to solve the issue once and for all. They’ve figured out an experiment that seeks to identify
any water-sensing taste receptor cells (TRCs) on the tongues of lab mice.
The team first used a technique known as genetic knockout to silence different types of TRCs, in order to
remove the possibility that those cells might accidentally discover some other taste within the water besides the water
itself. 4 It turned out that the acid-sensing sour TRCs were still firing actively, indicating these cells might
have a double purpose, capable of distinguishing water or acidic fluids.
So if you’re on the side of the debate that argues that water is flavorless, you might still be correct. 5
The study also opens up the possibility that our tongues and taste buds might be doing more than merely providing
us with a sense of taste. If this study doesn’t prove that water is the sixth flavor, it might still be the first evidence of
a whole other sense entirely: a water sense.
A．Well, perhaps we have.
B．Actually, we have a sixth taste for water.
C．Our taste buds are tied to a flavor of water.
D．So it’s perhaps a bit doubtful that water doesn’t seem to have any flavor.
E．But water isn’t senseless, at least it doesn’t appear that way according to this research.
F．They then washed their mouths with water to see if any cells were still responding.
G．If there is a sixth taste for water exists, then there should be evidence somewhere in the mouth or tongue.
I
（2025 届山东省潍坊市高三下学期三模联考英语试题）
“I’m tone-deaf.” “I’m not really a singer.” When you’re comparing yourself to Whitney Houston, Ariana
Grande or Beyoncé, it’s easy to feel that singing is out of reach. 1 Singing is the only instrument that
people don’t allow themselves to not be good at right away. So give yourself permission to try, and don’t worry about
sounding good at first.
2 You can complete the shift through learning and practicing. Speak a phrase and start to stretch
your voice. Make it a positive expression, for instance, “My voice is strong!” for the extra bonus of hearing some
encouragement. As you repeat the phrase, introduce excitement into your speech. 3 Practice to hear how
high and how low you can go. Start at the top of your range instead of the bottom because if you start at the bottom,
you’ll hit that ceiling, and you won’t get past it.
The way you breathe is also crucial to finding your singing voice. As you breathe in, feel the air fill your lungs
and go all the way to your stomach. This allows your breath to fill your diaphragm, a muscle between your lungs and
stomach. 4 Then push that air out from your belly (腹部), up out through your lungs, out to an open
mouth.
You may dream about sounding like your favorite artist, but your voices might just be different. So instead,
work in a voice range that suits you. Once you have that awareness, you can start listening for other singers who have
that same sound. Just avoid copying simply. Remember, you’re trying to find your voice. Let Beyoncé be Beyoncé.
That’s their identity. 5
A．It is time to model after them.
B．Singing isn’t that far off from speaking.
C．And that is the source of your voice power.
D．That’ll help you more naturally slide into singing.
E．But you don’t have to be a Grammy-award winner.
F．However, a good singer demands a natural-born talent.
G．It’s important to be able to say, “What do I sound like?”
J
（2025 届湖南省长沙市雅礼中学高三模拟试卷（三）英语试题）
The Rise of Lab-Grown Meat
For decades, scientists have been seeking sustainable solutions to global food shortages. 1 . Commonly
known as cultured meat, this innovation grows animal muscle tissue from stem cells in controlled laboratory
environments. Its emergence could revolutionize our traditional understanding of meat production.
Animal-Free Meat Creation via Science
The manufacturing process begins with collecting animal cells through harmless biopsies. (活组织检查)
2 . They are then placed in nutrient-rich bioreactors where they multiply and develop into muscle fibers.
Surprisingly, the final product maintains the same protein content and texture as conventional meat through precise
temperature control and mechanical stretching.
Environmental Impacts
Compared to traditional livestock (牲畜) farming, lab-grown meat shows remarkable ecological advantages.
3 . A 2024 UN report revealed that cultured meat production requires 95% less land and reduces greenhouse gas
emissions by 87%. Moreover, it completely removes the need for antibiotics (抗生素) used in raising animals,
addressing growing concerns about drug-resistant bacteria.
4 ．
Despite its promise, the industry faces significant challenges. Current production costs remain way too high,
with a single burger patty costing approximately $50 to produce. Consumer acceptance also presents obstacles (阻
碍), as 42% of participants in a global survey expressed distrust in “test-tube meat”. Additionally, regulatory
frameworks for safety standards and labeling requirements are still under development worldwide.
Future Outlook
Major food corporations have invested over $3 billion in cultured meat research since 2022. 5 . With
Singapore already approving commercial sales and the EU planning to legalize it by 2026, industry analysts predict
cultured meat could capture 10% of the global meat market by 2035. As technology advances, this scientific
breakthrough may fundamentally transform our dining tables and ecosystems alike.
A．Rising Production Costs
B．Challenges to Mass Production
C．It consumes 85% less water than regular farms
D．The most promising answer lies in lab-grown meat
E．These cells are carefully selected for their growth potential
F．Governments should promote this eco-friendly alternative
G．The huge increase in funding reflects growing confidence in it
K
（2025 届山东师范大学附属中学高三下学期5 月适应性检测英语试题）
Humans have evolved to spend long periods doing physical exercise. 1 The complexity of the human brain
is to blame.
Evolving an ability doesn’t automatically mean we’ll want to use it. While physical exercise isn’t that bad, it’s
still typically unpleasant. 2 It calculates the effort required for actions and tends to stop us from misusing
vital resources on fruitless efforts, like walking over 30 km for a handful of berries.
The thing is, regular exercise to get “in shape” needs constant and considerable effort. 3 So, your brain
has a tendency to ask this question, “Is it worth it?” This particular feature also means we typically prefer things
which offer minimum effort for maximum reward.
Thankfully, the human brain is a complex organ. It isn’t ruled by its more primitive drives. While many species’
thought processes are limited to “Food, eat it!”, “Danger, run!”, “Pain, avoid!”, we’ve evolved beyond that. 4
We can imagine a desirable future scenario (情况), figure out how we’d achieve it, and do just that. Or at least work
toward it. This directly impacts how our brain processes motivation and willpower. We can recognize that rejecting
a reward now can lead to a greater reward later, and act accordingly.
As far as your brain is concerned, there are processes that discourage exercise, and processes that encourage
it. 5
A．So how does the brain process motivation?
B．But why doesn’t everyone enjoy exercising?
C．Our brains can form long-term goals and ambitions.
D．It is for gradual progress and uncertain rewards.
E．The human brain is highly sensitive to wasted effort.
F．Most people have the habit of doing physical exercise.
G．Ideally, you’ll end up putting more weight on the latter than the former.
L
(2025 届安徽省芜湖市高中毕业班下学期教学质量统测英语试题)
Why People Feel “Tired but Wired” after Little Sleep
A full night’s rest is key for waking up alert and energized for the day. But many report feeling weirdly wired
(诡异的亢奋感) — and paradoxically more productive — despite snoozing for three to four hours instead of the
seven to nine hours most experts recommend for adults.
However, Zeitzer, a sleep scientist, wants to make the matter clear: no type of sleep deprivation (缺乏) is
ultimately good for you. They say the energy jolt after acute sleep deprivation stems from a natural but fleeting sense
of alertness that the brain uses to temporarily cope with insufficient rest. 1 .
●Triggering survival mode
2 , natural survival behaviors kick in. The body produces a physiological reaction to keep the brain
alert and energized. A single night of sleep deprivation is a stressor that acts via the central nervous system to activate
the HPA axis. This circuit between the brain and the adrenal glands triggers the stress response. The energy boost
from the sympathetic nervous system is temporary, and it does not mean people’s brains are fully functional,
however.
● Sleep inertia
Researchers generally describe five stages of the sleep cycle: wakefulness, three phases of nonrapid eye
movement(NREM), and one phase of rapid eye movement(REM). The stage at which a sleeper wakes up can affect
how they react to being subjectively refreshed. And the longer a person sleeps, the greater the chance they’ll experience
sleep inertia — a temporary period of mental fog after waking up. 3 . Waking up during this sleep stage
could decrease sleep inertia and make a person feel more energized during a deprivation period.
● 4
A single night of shortened sleep might seem harmless, but putting your body under the resulting stress has
drawbacks. Losing just two hours of sleep can make people more impulsive (冲动的) and inclined to making mistakes.
Additionally, the energy from elevated cortisol (皮质醇) and adrenaline (肾上腺素) levels fades over the day. “None
of these things will be particularly sustained for a long time,” Zeitzer explains. For a better way to reduce grogginess,
he advises people to sleep as much as possible for two to three days with no alarm clocks to catch up on rest.
The bottom line: You can’t cheat sleep. 5 , there is no shortcut to being ready to seize the day. It took
Mother Nature millions of years to perfect sleep — to give us optimal performance and mental health.
A．When adrenaline and cortisol wear off
B．When the brain senses sleep disruption
C．When sleep is already the greatest life hack
D．Long-term shortened sleep leads to more mistakes
E．It is possible people feel more “awake” if they’re roused during the shallower NREM sleep
F．Here are the reasons why limited sleep makes us more conscious and energetic during the daytime
G．The following shows us what happens in the brain when it runs on limited sleep and how this can affect health
