大题07 完形填空议论文/说明文
历年考情
说明文是高考英语完形填空中的一种并不常考文体，其主要功能是介绍、解释或说明事物的特征、本
质、性能、状态、用途、原理等。与记叙文相比，说明文的语言更加简练、平实、准确，通常采用客观
描述。文章主题明确，层次分明，作者通常在文章开头就点明说明对象。
命题规律
高考完形填空命题重点集中于动词、名词、形容词或副词等实词上，介词连词、冠词等虚词的考查相对较
少。实词为主，虚词为辅，更能体现在语境中考查英语运用能力这一思路。
近三年设题方式大致可分为语篇层次、句间层次及句内层次三种题型。在难易程度上，句内层次题和句间
层次题较容易，考生只需要结合语境理解空格所在句或相邻的几句就可以确定答案，且句内层次、句间层
次题考查最多，能保障考生取得基本分数。但高考是选拔性的考试，每篇完形填空总会有那么几个比较难
的语篇层次题成为考生取得高分的拦路虎。
考向预测
预计2025 年高考完形填空对词汇的考查仍将以实词为主，且突出语境化的特点。在备考过程中，考生应注
意夯实基础词汇知识，增加词汇储备量，尤其要注意课标词汇中的多义词、派生词等，同时提高语言运用
能力。
【2022 年全国乙卷】Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them,
there’s something highly exciting about ___21___ someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen.
However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably ___22___ at hiding. They often cover only
their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies ___23___ .
For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was ___24___ as evidence that children are hopelessly
“egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But our ___25___ research results in child developmental psychology
___26___ that idea.
We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each ___27___ sat down
with an adult who covered her own eyes or ___28___ . We then asked the child if she could ___29___ or hear the
adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. The same ___30___ happened when the adult covered her
own mouth: ___31___ children said that they couldn’t ___32___ to her.
A number of ___33___ ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results
were clear: Our young subjects ___34___ the questions and knew ___35___ what was asked of them. Their
___36___ to the questions reflected their true ___37___ that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.” They
simply ___38___ mutual (相互的) recognition and regard. Our ___39___ suggest when a child “hides” by
putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method ___40___
when others use it.
21. A. following
B. taking
C. escaping
D. directing
22. A. clever
B. bad
C. scared
D. quick
23. A. exposed
B. examined
C. untouched
D. imbalanced
24. A. supported
B. guaranteed
C. imagined
D. interpreted
25. A. disappointing
B. mixed
C. surprising
D. desired
26. A. explained
B. confirmed
C. contradicted
D. tested
27. A. parent
B. child
C. researcher
D. doctor
28. A. feet
B. nose
C. hands
D. ears
29. A. see
B. help
C. reach
D. fool
30. A. event
B. thing
C. action
D. accident
31. A. Yet
B. Now
C. Soon
D. Once
32. A. speak
B. listen
C. turn
D. wave
33. A. instructions
B. descriptions
C. experiments
D. assumptions
34. A. comprehended
B. predicted
C. explored
D. ignored
35. A. partly
B. honestly
C. vaguely
D. exactly
36. A. responses
B. approaches
C. contribution
D. sensitivity
37. A. ability
B. belief
C. identity
D. purpose
38. A. hold back
B. relate to
C. insist on
D. make up
39. A. limitations
B. requirements
C. theories
D. findings
40. A. tentative
B. impressive
C. creative
D. effective
抓住首句，明确说明对象：首句通常不设空，提供了文章的主题或说明对象，帮助考生快速把握文章的
大意。
理清段落关系：通读全文，明确作者是针对哪一个说明对象从不同的角度和侧面进行说明的，概括每一
段的侧重点，理清各段之间的关系。
弄清说明顺序，把握文章脉络：作者在说明过程中会选择合理的说明顺序（如时间顺序、空间顺序、逻
辑顺序等），把握这些顺序有助于理解文章的整体结构。
关注语境和逻辑：在选择答案时，要结合上下文的语境和逻辑关系，确保所选词汇使文章意思通顺、逻
辑合理。
先易后难，逐步推进：先解决那些容易判断的空格，再逐步处理较难的题目，避免在难题上耗费过多时
间。
【2025 届黑龙江省“六校联盟”高三上学期联合适应性考试】How many times have you caught
yourself absorbed in Instagram? It’s without doubt a wonderful tool for 21 with others, but sometimes I
wonder if we’re 22 ourselves with too much attention paid to the outside world.
Recently, I watched a Netflix documentary titled The Social Dilemma, which put me in a(n) 23
mood. I constantly questioned myself what was so attractive about Instagram that I would 24 whatever I
was doing to check a notification (通知) or respond to a comment on my post.
Before watching The Social Dilemma, my screen time couldn’t have been longer. Like any addict, 25
the proof was right in front of me, my 26 to admit the problem stopped me overcoming the addiction. As
everyone uses social media frequently, I thought I was just 27 the crowd.
However, after watching the documentary, I realised that I needed a social media detox. I really needed a
28 from social media. As I clicked the “x” button and watched Instagram 29 from my phone screen, I got
an uneasy feeling. I wanted nothing more than to 30 it and watch on last cat video. Anyway, I still
31 to resist the urge, devoting my time to more meaningful things.
The detox has helped me understand that it’s 32 to check every story the app presents or
respond to every message on it. Instead, I should transfer my focus to real-world 33 .I strongly
recommend watching The Social Dilemma and quitting your most frequently used social media app for one day. I
promise the 34 in your life will be positive. Maybe you’ll even discover a new-found sense of freedom
and 35 over your own time and attention.
21．A．connecting
B．competing
C．contrasting
D．cooperating
22．A．upsetting
B．ignoring
C．entertaining
D．disappointing
23．A．reflective
B．cheerful
C．positive
D．appropriate
24．A．check out
B．try out
C．stick out
D．leave off
25．A．given that
B．in case
C．even though
D．provided that
26．A．excuse
B．opportunity
C．responsibility
D．unwillingness
27．A．attracting
B．searching
C．avoiding
D．following
28．A．recovery
B．release
C．break
D．protection
29．A．disappear
B．separate
C．escape
D．shelter
30．A．remove
B．charge
C．update
D．reinstall
31．A．failed
B．managed
C．declined
D．pretended
32．A．unsafe
B．unlikely
C．unnecessary
D．unusual
33．A．challenges
B．selections
C．consequences
D．interactions
34．A．difference
B．direction
C．experience
D．vision
35．A．courage
B．trust
C．mastery
D．guidance
Close（1）
【湖北省武汉中学2024-2025 学年高三上学期12 月月考】During the recent National Day holiday, the
Ailao Mountains, located in Southwest China’ s Yunnan Province, became 56 unexpected sensation
online.
A viral video from a content creator, who 57 (adventure) into the Ailao Mountains alone to gather
materials, showcased the range’s mist-covered peaks, tranquil waters, and untamed wilderness. Attracted by the
mystique, many tourists flocked to this once relatively unknown destination during the holiday. What was once a
thinly 58 (populate)“forbidden zone” quickly turned into a crowded “tourist spot”.
Contrary to 59 some may think, the Ailao Mountains are a vast range instead of a single peak.
60 (stretch) about 400 kilometers, it runs through central Yunnan, forming a natural boundary between the
Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and the Hengduan Mountains. While some parts have been developed into scenic areas,
much of the Ailao Mountains remain untouched.
According to veteran geologist Wang Yu, the mountain’s terrain is rugged (崎岖的), with steep vertical 61
(drop) and six different climate zones. “The complex climate, which ranges from tropical to alpine, makes it easy
for weather 62 (change) suddenly. Once you enter the dense forest, it’s easy to lose your way and
encounter dangers like venomous snakes, leeches, and wild animals,” Wang warned.
In 2021, the dangers of the region became 63 (tragic) evident when four professional geologists
from the Kunming Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey Center of China Geological Survey went missing and
were later found dead in the Ailao Mountains, the youngest of 64 was 25, and the oldest 32.
While the allure of the Ailao Mountains’ wild beauty is undeniable, it’s crucial not to embark 65
such adventures without preparation!
Close（2）
【湖南省长沙四大名校2024-2025 学年高三下学期2 月月考】JongMay Urbonya is an American lady
full of 21 : she is fluent in Mandarin, fond of hanfu and Chinese dance. She was born in China and lived
there until the age of six. It was in those years that the seeds of love for Chinese culture were 22 .
Even after moving back to the U. S., Urbonya's parents used Chinese TV dramas to 23 her Chinese
language abilities. The seeds of passion 24 her back to China in 2011, studying Chinese dance in Beijing
Normal University.
“When I was a kid, I had a “princess dream”. I often cover my shoulder with a blanket, 25 I was an
ancient Chinese princess,” she said. A chance to 26 that dream occurred in 2020, when a TV show had
Urbonya visit a hanfu festival. “Hanfu has wide 27 and is winning recognition in the world. I got the full
hanfu experience and I 28 then that hanfu culture is a new-found way to bring Chinese 29 to the
present,” she said.
She 30 that 10 years ago when she was in college, wearing hanfu was a(n) 31 sight and she
could only buy custom-made hanfu. “If I had worn hanfu walking down the street, people would probably ask 32
in their hearts, ‘Why is this foreigner wearing an ancient outfit on the street?” “Now, she has 33 hanfu in
her everyday wear and is able to purchase different 34 of hanfu online. “I'm really happy to be a hanfu
culture enthusiast, and I hope to make it more 35 to those outside of China,” she said.
21．A．mysteries
B．ambitions
C．surprises
D．contradictions
22．A．spread
B．collected
C．sowed
D．blossomed
23．A．keep up
B．hold up
C．take up
D．wrap up
24．A．delivered
B．brought
C．forced
D．flashed
25．A．celebrating
B．demanding
C．guaranteeing
D．pretending
26．A．achieve
B．appreciate
C．imagine
D．establish
27．A．appeal
B．exposure
C．admiration
D．devotion
28．A．proposed
B．indicated
C．realized
D．proved
29．A．faith
B．history
C．values
D．virtues
30．A．memorized
B．declared
C．reminded
D．recalled
31．A．popular
B．rare
C．desirable
D．crucial
32．A．ridiculously
B．seriously
C．casually
D．curiously
33．A．folded
B．included
C．replaced
D．created
34．A．ranges
B．models
C．sizes
D．styles
35．A．reliable
B．comfortable
C．accessible
D．reasonable
Close（3）
【湖南省长沙四大名校2024-2025 学年高三下学期2 月月考】JongMay Urbonya is an American lady full of
1 : she is fluent in Mandarin, fond of hanfu and Chinese dance. She was born in China and lived there until the
age of six. It was in those years that the seeds of love for Chinese culture were 2 .
Even after moving back to the U. S., Urbonya's parents used Chinese TV dramas to 3 her Chinese
language abilities. The seeds of passion 4 her back to China in 2011, studying Chinese dance in Beijing
Normal University.
“When I was a kid, I had a “princess dream”. I often cover my shoulder with a blanket, 5 I was an
ancient Chinese princess,” she said. A chance to 6 that dream occurred in 2020, when a TV show had
Urbonya visit a hanfu festival. “Hanfu has wide 7 and is winning recognition in the world. I got the full
hanfu experience and I 8 then that hanfu culture is a new-found way to bring Chinese 9 to the
present,” she said.
She 10 that 10 years ago when she was in college, wearing hanfu was a(n) 11 sight and she
could only buy custom-made hanfu. “If I had worn hanfu walking down the street, people would probably ask 12
in their hearts, ‘Why is this foreigner wearing an ancient outfit on the street?” “Now, she has 13 hanfu in
her everyday wear and is able to purchase different 14 of hanfu online. “I'm really happy to be a hanfu
culture enthusiast, and I hope to make it more 15 to those outside of China,” she said.
1．A．mysteries
B．ambitions
C．surprises
D．contradictions
2．A．spread
B．collected
C．sowed
D．blossomed
3．A．keep up
B．hold up
C．take up
D．wrap up
4．A．delivered
B．brought
C．forced
D．flashed
5．A．celebrating
B．demanding
C．guaranteeing
D．pretending
6．A．achieve
B．appreciate
C．imagine
D．establish
7．A．appeal
B．exposure
C．admiration
D．devotion
8．A．proposed
B．indicated
C．realized
D．proved
9．A．faith
B．history
C．values
D．virtues
10．A．memorized
B．declared
C．reminded
D．recalled
11．A．popular
B．rare
C．desirable
D．crucial
12．A．ridiculously
B．seriously
C．casually
D．curiously
13．A．folded
B．included
C．replaced
D．created
14．A．ranges
B．models
C．sizes
D．styles
15．A．reliable
B．comfortable
C．accessible
D．reasonable
Close（4）
【河南省信阳市2024-2025 学年普通高中高三上学期第二次教学质量检测】Lottie Mills, a student at the
University of Cambridge, won the BBC Young Writers’ Award and she was congratulated for her 21 “The
Changeling” at the virtual award ceremony. It was an inspiring story. Upset about how difference is described in
some novels, particularly when it comes to disability, Lottie was inspired by “otherhood” (另类教育) and aimed to
advocate a 22 state of mind.
“The Changeling” transformed a myth (神话) into a magical and wonderful tale of a girl’s powerful 23
. Lotti e said, “As a disabled person, my stories quite often focus on ideas of otherhood, based on characters who
are 24 by their society in some way or another.” She felt a strong 25 to challenge these social
standards through her writing.
“I had been researching fairy-related myths for a university essay and when I came across the idea of
“changeling”, it really 26 in my mind. I really wanted to write a story which would show the 27 of
disabled people, rather than describe them as disadvantaged.” Her determination to 28 that description was
firm. Now Lottie is writing her first novel, a children’ s book. Knowing how 29 the right story can be, she
desires to become an author, hoping to 30 young readers with her tales.
Lotti e won fierce competition over four finalists. Kate Thistleton, BBC Radio RI presenter and one of the
Young Writers’ Award judges, said, “We were 31 by ‘The Changeling’. It’ s simply beautiful. I love the
way it uses fairy myth to tell a story from difference and disability to 32 . I’m so happy Lottie won and is
considering a job as an author after being 33 by the Young Writers’ Award.” Her win is a 34
for all ambitious writers, especially those who, like Lottie, may feel like 35 in society.”
21．A．report
B．essay
C．poem
D．work
22．A．neutral
B．negative
C．positive
D．passive
23．A．growth
B．balance
C．habit
D．hobby
24．A．accepted
B．welcomed
C．supported
D．deserted
25．A．fear
B．hesitation
C．responsibility
D．agreement
26．A．stuck
B．disappeared
C．occurred
D．hurt
27．A．weaknesses
B．disabilities
C．advantages
D．nervousness
28．A．promote
B．change
C．maintain
D．ignore
29．A．life-saving
B．life-threatening
C．life-disturbing
D．life-changing
30．A．inspire
B．entertain
C．annoy
D．challenge
31．A．taken
B．carried
C．impressed
D．refused
32．A．willingness
B．rejection
C．complaint
D．acceptance
33．A．confused
B．motivated
C．discouraged
D．disappointed
34．A．routine
B．model
C．task
D．loss
35．A．outsiders
B．insiders
C．pioneers
D．leaders
Close（5）
【山东省实验中学2024-2025 学年高三上学期第三次诊断考试】China’s space exploration has once again
achieved a great success. The launch of the Shenzhou-19 spacecraft was a memorable moment for all Chinese,
marking the beginning of a new 41 in China’s space journey.
The Long March-2F rocket was the perfect 42 for this important mission with its impressive
appearance and stable technology, and the astronauts underwent 43 training.
At zero seconds, with everyone’s hearts 44 , the rocket soared into the sky, leaving a trail of fire and
smoke. Back on Earth, people watched the launch on TV and 45 the astronauts’ progress through live
broadcast. The successful launch and operation of the spacecraft 46 China’s ability to compete with the
world’s leading space agencies.
During the mission, the astronauts will have 47 tasks to accomplish. They will 48 scientific
experiments and prepare for future missions. They will also take time to enjoy the beautiful 49 of Earth
from space. The Shenzhou-19 spacecraft is supposed to 50 its mission after six months in space. The
success of the mission will inspire many young people to pursue their dreams of becoming astronauts.
Since 2003, with each new mission, China has shown its ability to 51 and push the boundaries of
human knowledge. And with its strong scientific and technological 52 , China is sure to make greater
achievements in the future.
The Shenzhou-19 mission is a constant 53 of China’s growing influence in space exploration. It
marks a new era in China’s space exploration and 54 the world’s attention to the country’s development. As
China continues to progress, we can only imagine what the future holds for this 55 nation.
41．A．framework
B．chapter
C．mode
D．platform
42．A．option
B．combination
C．location
D．definition
43．A．dramatic
B．appealing
C．flexible
D．demanding
44．A．beating
B．sinking
C．racing
D．melting
45．A．followed
B．documented
C．monitored
D．noticed
46．A．facilitated
B．identified
C．clarified
D．demonstrated
47．A．multiple
B．urgent
C．physical
D．risky
48．A．draw on
B．carry out
C．bring up
D．deal with
49．A．images
B．fields
C．sights
D．figures
50．A．summarize
B．occupy
C．interrupt
D．complete
51．A．wonder
B．innovate
C．sustain
D．apply
52．A．expansion
B．background
C．introduction
D．competence
53．A．reminder
B．warning
C．operation
D．factor
54．A．refer
B．limits
C．absorbs
D．connects
55．A．humble
B．powerful
C．reliable
D．generous
Close（6）
【2025 届河南部分高中青桐鸣大联考2024-2025 学年高三下学期开学】At a recent holiday gathering, I sat
behind a row of parents watching dozens of 9-year-olds in ties and beautiful dresses singing Sleigh Ride. Each of
the parents had a 61 in hand, carefully and seriously recording the 62 . They were working so
hard to ensure they didn’t 63 anything — and yet I worried that they were, in fact, missing out.
Childhood is 64 . This performance or soccer game will never come again. So I understand the
65 to capture (捕捉) everything.
Parents have long sought ways to 66 time as their kids grow, starting with baby books containing
footprints and locks of hair. We 67 report cards, Halloween poems, and gold-starred spelling tests. And
of course we have taken photos and videos.
Yet the more I see parents 68 reaching for their phones, the more I come to believe that when we
turn our kids into the subjects of our personal documentaries, we 69 losing an opportunity to really
70 our children.
So the next time you’re at a game or birthday party, try this: take a few photos at the beginning, then put your
phone away. Keep your eyes on your 71 , who will be looking for you. Wait for them to 72 you
in the audience. Maybe they’ll light up. Maybe they’ll cover their face in 73 . Either way, this is the 74
moment: the minute they will know that you really 75 them.
61．A．notebook
B．camera
C．phone
D．computer
62．A．issue
B．event
C．view
D．story
63．A．forget
B．ignore
C．leave
D．miss
64．A．boring
B．lonely
C．tough
D．short
65．A．power
B．ability
C．urge
D．chance
66．A．stop
B．freeze
C．spend
D．waste
67．A．save
B．fill
C．take
D．write
68．A．dramatically
B．automatically
C．rarely
D．patiently
69．A．risk
B．appreciate
C．avoid
D．mind
70．A．connect with
B．take control of
C．contribute to
D．get rid of
71．A．friend
B．teacher
C．partner
D．child
72．A．pick
B．hear
C．follow
D．spot
73．A．embarrassmentB．pride
C．anger
D．excitement
74．A．brief
B．meaningful
C．quiet
D．historic
75．A．respect
B．judge
C．see
D．criticize
Close（7）
【2024 届广东省佛山市禅城区高三下学期统一调研测试（二）】When I was seven, my father gave me a
watch, Timex. It was my first watch. I loved it, wore it for years, and haven’t had another one since it stopped
clicking a decade ago. Why? Because I don’t 81 one. I have a mobile phone and I’m always near
someone with an iPod or something like that. All these 82 tell the time — which is why, if you look
around, you’ll see lots of empty 83 ; sales of watches to young adults have been going down since 2007.
But while the 84 men have realized that they don’t need them, others 85 are spending total
fortunes on them. Brands (品牌) such as Rolex and Philippe command shocking 86 , up to £250,000 for a
piece.
This is 87 . These days all watches tell the time as well as all other watches. Expensive watches
come with extra 88 but who needs them? How often do you dive to 300 metres into the sea or need to
find your 89 in the South Pole? So why pay that much of five years’ school fees for watches that allow
you to do these things? If justice were done, the Swiss watch industry should have 90 when the
Japanese discovered how to 91 accurate watches for a five-pound note.
Watches are now categorized as “investments”. A 1994 Philippe recently sold for nearly £350,000, while
1960s Rolexes have gone from £15,000 to £30,000 plus in a year. But a watch is not an investment. It’s a(n) 92
for self-satisfaction, a matter of fashion. Prices may keep going up. But when fashion moves on, the 93
of that £350,000 beauty will 94 find his pride and joy is no more a good investment than my 95
Timex.
81．A．own
B．wear
C．choose
D．need
82．A．devices
B．phones
C．watches
D．friends
83．A．minds
B．wrists
C．bags
D．hands
84．A．young
B．sensitive
C．proud
D．wise
85．A．regularly
B． apparently
C．generously
D．usually
86．A．prices
B．salaries
C．operations
D．applications
87．A．unexpected
B．fashionable
C．silly
D．reasonable
88．A．functions
B．charges
C．operations
D．applications
89．A．interest
B．direction
C．courage
D．fortune
90．A．come up
B．brightened up
C．closed down
D．moved on
91．A．appreciate
B．set
C．promote
D．make
92．A．toy
B．memory
C．reward
D．invention
93．A．designer
B．admirer
C．producer
D．owner
94．A．originally
B．suddenly
C．particularly
D．constantly
95．A．priceless
B．pocket
C．childhood
D．poor
Close（8）
【2024 届福建省福州市八县（市）一中高三5 月模拟联考】I used to find award show speeches inspiring
when celebrities encouraged people to “chase their dreams.” However, as I grew older, I 101 the toxicity
(毒性) behind this notion. Pursuing our dreams is not always easy due to various 102 . For instance, I
103 to be a singer but lacked the financial means to audition for competition shows. Later, my dream 104
to becoming a manga editor, but I faced 105 like language barriers, travel costs, and difficult exams.
Though there is hope, considering many celebrities started from humble beginnings, achieving dreams
remains 106 . As someone who once had ambitious aspirations, these “chase your dreams” speeches gave
me 107 hope. I take issue with such celebrity speeches because they suggest that anyone can 108
whatever they desire simply by wishing for it. 109 , reality tells us otherwise. I am not trying to be 110
, but rather realistic. Growing older has taught me that some dreams are meant to stay as dreams.
Nonetheless, I am grateful that my dream of becoming a singer did not materialize. I have found other
passions — writing and editing — and 111 pursued them as a career through college. I have no regrets
about this path. If we do not 112 exactly where we want to be, it is alright. Life sometimes presents
obstacles that 113 us from choosing our first preference for the future. Our dreams may not always be
114 , but that does not mean good things are not in store for us. Life often takes us on different paths. Do not
lose hope, for you have a bright future ahead, 115 the choices you make.
101．A．worried
B．changed
C．realized
D．controlled
102．A．barriers
B．shelters
C．excuses
D．thoughts
103．A．failed
B．agreed
C．used
D．desired
104．A．focused
B．shifted
C．continued
D．happened
105．A．efforts
B．challenges
C．demands
D．choices
106．A．straightforward
B．common
C．complicated
D．rare
107．A．false
B．true
C．great
D．special
108．A．confirm
B．appreciate
C．accomplish
D．distribute
109．A．Therefore
B．Moreover
C．However
D．Furthermore
110．A．optimistic
B．pessimistic
C．energetic
D．enthusiastic
111．A．unexpectedly B．unavoidably
C．uneventfully
D．unnecessarily
112．A．come up
B．turn up
C．set up
D．end up
113．A．save
B．protect
C．prevent
D．guard
114．A．comfortable
B．attainable
C．bearable
D．adjustable
115．A．instead of
B．in terms of
C．by means of
D．regardless of
【答案】101．C 102．A 103．D 104．B 105．B 106．D 107．A 108．C
109．C 110．B 111．A 112．D 113．C 114．B 115．D
Close（1）
【2022 年浙江卷6 月】Small children are easy to throw up in the air and catch-and they ___16___ it.
“Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shouts as I throw him skywards and catch him on the way back down again. He
throws his arms and legs out ___17___ he were flying, his eyes wide with ___18___. His trust in me is ___19___
which is quite a nice feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense of ___20___ .
I hope Jacky will always trust me fully, but I know that, as he gets ___21___ , it will need more effort and
sound judgment____22____ . Trust is such an important part of a ___23___ relationship that it’s something that
can’t ___24___ to lose. Every time I ___25___ Jacky to something new, he’ll do it only because he trusts me and
feels ___26___ in the knowledge that he won’t get hurt .___27___ , teaching Jacky to swim means he has to
___28___ that, when he’s swimming in the big pool, I’ll come to his rescue if his doggy paddle lets him down.
___29___ in the workplace, trust is important for strong ___30___ . It is something that every manager
should work hard to ___31___ among their team. If people don’t trust you, they’re unlikely to ___32___ your
directions and willingly become a loyal (忠诚) team member. A ___33___ of trust can make people work against
you rather than for you. At the very least, it means that people are not going to be ___34___ you their best. Good
___35___, like good parenting, is a long-term commitment.
16. A. deserve
B. miss
C. love
D. know
17. A. as if
B. in case
C. even though
D. so that
18. A. fear
B. excitement
C. doubt
D. astonishment
19. A. reasonable
B. limited
C. absolute
D. important
20. A. relief
B. satisfaction
C. achievement
D. responsibility
21. A. older
B. busier
C. quieter
D. healthier
22. A. on my behalf
B. on my part
C. in my honor
D. in my name
23. A. long-distance
B. high-risk
C. parent-child
D. teacher-student
24. A. afford
B. choose
C. wait
D. expect
25. A. attach
B. compare
C. adjust
D. introduce
26. A. safe
B. happy
C. proud
D. grateful
27. A. Above all
B. In addition
C. At first
D. For example
28. A. admit
B. believe
C. suggest
D. imagine
29. A. However
B. Therefore
C. Similarly
D. Fortunately
30. A. affection
B. determination
C. friendship
D. leadership
31. A. assess
B. organize
C. develop
D. understand
32. A. repeat
B. follow
C. change
D. forget
33. A. gesture
B. measure
C. bond
D. lack
34. A. telling
B. giving
C. selling
D. sending
35. A. management
B. personality
C. communication
D. education
Close（2）
【2022 年浙江卷6 月】Small children are easy to throw up in the air and catch-and they ___16___ it.
“Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shouts as I throw him skywards and catch him on the way back down again. He
throws his arms and legs out ___17___ he were flying, his eyes wide with ___18___. His trust in me is ___19___
which is quite a nice feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense of ___20___ .
I hope Jacky will always trust me fully, but I know that, as he gets ___21___ , it will need more effort and
sound judgment____22____ . Trust is such an important part of a ___23___ relationship that it’s something that
can’t ___24___ to lose. Every time I ___25___ Jacky to something new, he’ll do it only because he trusts me and
feels ___26___ in the knowledge that he won’t get hurt .___27___ , teaching Jacky to swim means he has to
___28___ that, when he’s swimming in the big pool, I’ll come to his rescue if his doggy paddle lets him down.
___29___ in the workplace, trust is important for strong ___30___ . It is something that every manager
should work hard to ___31___ among their team. If people don’t trust you, they’re unlikely to ___32___ your
directions and willingly become a loyal (忠诚) team member. A ___33___ of trust can make people work against
you rather than for you. At the very least, it means that people are not going to be ___34___ you their best. Good
___35___, like good parenting, is a long-term commitment.
16. A. deserve
B. miss
C. love
D. know
17. A. as if
B. in case
C. even though
D. so that
18. A. fear
B. excitement
C. doubt
D. astonishment
19. A. reasonable
B. limited
C. absolute
D. important
20. A. relief
B. satisfaction
C. achievement
D. responsibility
21. A. older
B. busier
C. quieter
D. healthier
22. A. on my behalf
B. on my part
C. in my honor
D. in my name
23. A. long-distance
B. high-risk
C. parent-child
D. teacher-student
24. A. afford
B. choose
C. wait
D. expect
25. A. attach
B. compare
C. adjust
D. introduce
26. A. safe
B. happy
C. proud
D. grateful
27. A. Above all
B. In addition
C. At first
D. For example
28. A. admit
B. believe
C. suggest
D. imagine
29. A. However
B. Therefore
C. Similarly
D. Fortunately
30. A. affection
B. determination
C. friendship
D. leadership
31. A. assess
B. organize
C. develop
D. understand
32. A. repeat
B. follow
C. change
D. forget
33. A. gesture
B. measure
C. bond
D. lack
34. A. telling
B. giving
C. selling
D. sending
35. A. management
B. personality
C. communication
D. education
Close（3）
【2016 年上海卷】In the 1960s, Douglas McGregor, one of the key thinkers in the art of management,
developed the mow famous Theory X and Theory Y. Theory X is the idea that people instinctively 51 work
and will do anything to avoid it. Theory Y is the view that everyone has the potential to find satisfaction in work.
In any case, despite so much evidence to the 52 , many managers still agree to Theory X. They believe,
53 , that their employees need constant supervision if they are to work effectively, or that decisions must be
imposed from 54 without consultation. This, of course, makes for authoritarian (专制的) managers.
Different cultures have different ways of 55 people. Unlike authoritarian management, some cultures,
particularly in Asia, are well known for the consultative nature of decision-making—all members of the department or
work group are asked to 56 to this process. This is management by the collective opinion. Many western
companies have tried to imitate such Asian ways of doing things, which are based on general 57 . Some
experts say that women will become more effective managers than men because they have the power to reach
common goals in a way that traditional 58 managers cannot.
A recent trend has been to encourage employees to use their own initiative, to make decisions on their own
without 59 managers first. This empowerment (授权) has been part of the trend towards downsizing: 60
the number of management layers in companies. After de-layering in this way, a company may be 61 with just
a top level of senior managers, front-line managers and employees with direct contact with the public.
Empowerment takes the idea of delegation (委托) much further than has 62 been the case. Empowerment and
delegation mean new forms of management control to 63 that the overall business plan is being followed, and
that operations become more profitable under the new organization, rather than less.
Another trend is off-site or 64 management, where teams of people linked by e-mail and the Internet
work on projects from their own houses. Project managers evaluate the 65 of the team members in terms of
what they produce for projects, rather than the amount of time they spend on them.
51. A. desire
B. seek
C. lose
D. dislike
52. A. contrary
B. expectation
C. degree
D. extreme
53. A. vice versa
B. for example
C. however
D. otherwise
54. A. outside
B. inside
C. below
D. above
55. A. replacing
B. assessing
C. managing
D. encouraging
56. A. refer
B. contribute
C. object
D. apply
57. A. agreement
B. practice
C. election
D. impression
58. A. bossy
B. experienced
C. western
D. male
59. A. asking
B. training
C. warning
D. firing
60. A. doubling
B. maintaining
C. reducing
D. estimating
61. A. honored
B. left
C. crowded
D. compared
62. A. economically
B. traditionally
C. inadequately
D. occasionally
63. A. deny
B. admit
C. assume
D. ensure
64. A. virtual
B. ineffective
C. day-to-day
D. on-the-scene
65. A. opinion
B. risk
C. performance
D. attractiveness
Close（4）
【2015 年重庆卷】Imagine the first days in a new time zone. Slow to respond to the 28 , your body clock
is confused. You’re sleepy all day, but when it’s time for bed, you can hardly fall asleep. Obviously you’re 29
jet lag（时差反应）.
Travelers have traditionally fought this 30 with sleeping pills or alcohol. There are actually healthier
ways that can work just as 31.
For example, the moment you get on the airplane, start 32 your biological clock to the destination’s time.
If it’s daytime in your destination, try to stay 33 . Walking around the cabin（客舱） can be of help. When
it’s nighttime, try to sleep. In that case, eat before the flight, 34 an empty stomach will prevent you from sleeping.
These tips will help you start a new 35of sleep and wakefulness.
28. A.flight
B.change
C.demand
D.climate
29. A.suffering from
B.working on
C.looking into
D.leading to
30. A.danger
B.problem
C.waste
D.fear
31. A.briefly
B.slowly
C.suddenly
D.effectively
32. A.checking
B.sending
C.adjusting
D.stopping
33. A.awake
B.alone
C.hungry
D.calm
34. A.though
B.so
C.while
D.or
35. A.understanding
B.cycle
C.research
D.trend
Close（5）
【2015 年广东卷】How long can human beings live? Most scientists who study old age think that the human
body is
1
to live no longer than 120 years. However, 110 years is probably the longest that anyone could
hope to live — if he or she is
2
healthy and lucky. Some scientists even say we can live as long as 130
years! Yet, our cells simply cannot continue to reproduce
3
. They wear out, and as a result, we get old and
4
die.
Even though we can’t live forever, we are living a
5
life than ever before. In 1900, the average
American life span(寿命)was only 47 years, but today it is 75 years!
When does old age begin then? Sixty-five may be out-of-date as the
6
line between middle age and old
age. After all, many older people don’t begin to experience physical and mental
7
until after age 75.
People are living longer because more people
8
childhood. Before modern medicine changed the laws
of nature, many children died of common childhood
9
. Now that the chances of dying
10
are much
lower, the chances of living long are much higher due to better diets and health care.
On the whole, our population is getting older. The
11
in our population will have lasting effects on our
social development and our way of life. Some people fear such changes will be for the worse, while some see
12
, not disaster. Today, many men and women in their "golden years" are healthy, still active, and young in
13
if not in age.
As our society grows old, we need the
14
of our older citizens. With long lives ahead of them, they
need to
15
active and be devoted.
1.A. designed
B. selected
C. improved
D. discovered
2.A. completely
B. generally
C. apparently
D. extremely
3.A. rapidly
B. harmlessly
C. endlessly
D. separately
4.A. eventually
B. hopelessly
C. automatically D. desperately
5.A. busier
B. longer
C. richer
D. happier
6.A. finishing
B. guiding
C. waiting
D. dividing
7.A. stress
B. damage
C. decline
D. failure
8.A. survive
B. enjoy
C. remember
D. value
9.A. problems
B. fears
C. worries
D. diseases
10.A. poor
B. young
C. sick
D. quiet
11.A. changes
B. recovery
C. safety
D. increases
12.A. dreams
B. chances
C. strengths
D. choices
13.A. mind
B. appearance
C. voice
D. movement
14.A. protection
B. suggestions
C. contributions
D. permission
15.A. sound
B. appear
C. turn
D. stay
