第5 讲 动词时态语态-1 2026 年高考语法专项突破（全国通
用）
（语法讲义+模拟练习+真题操练）
内容提要
思维导图 表格呈现 对点练习 单题突破 综合提升
一、高频基础时态（主动语态）用法表
此表格聚焦本讲核心的 4 种基础时态（一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时、过去进
行时）的主动语态规则，明确各时态的功能、结构及时间标志词，是判断 “动作发生时间状
态” 的基础框架。
类别 核心功能 主动语态结构 高频时间标志词
一般 1. 表客观真理、永恒 1. 主语非三单：do every day/week, usually,
现在 事实 2. 主语三单：does（如 always, sometimes, 客观真理
时 2. 表习惯性、经常性 works, teaches） 无标志词类别 核心功能 主动语态结构 高频时间标志词
动作
3. 表当前稳定状态
did（规则动词 + ed，
一般 表过去某一具体时间 yesterday, last
如 worked；不规则动
过去 发生的动作或存在的 week/month/year, ago, in 2020,
词需特殊记，如 ate,
时 状态（动作已结束） just now
saw）
1. 表当前（说话时）
现在 am/is/are + doing（如
正在进行的动作 now, at the moment, these days,
进行 am working, is
2. 表现阶段（未明确 look! listen!
时 teaching）
结束）持续的动作
1. 表过去某一时刻正
过去 was/were + doing（如 at 8 o'clock last night, this time
在进行的动作
进行 was working, were yesterday, when/while 引导的
2. 表过去某一时间段
时 teaching） 过去时间状语从句
持续的动作
注意事项：
1. 三单形式规则：一般现在时主语为 “he/she/it/ 单数名词 / 不可数名词” 时，动词需变三
单，以 “s/x/sh/ch/o” 结尾加 “es”（如 fix-fixes, teach-teaches），以 “辅音 + y” 结尾变
“y” 为 “i” 加 “es”（如 study-studies）；
2. 不规则动词记忆：需重点掌握高频不规则动词的过去式（如 go-went, take-took），避免因
形式错误导致时态混淆；
3. 现在进行时的 “现阶段” 语义：若表 “最近一段时间在做某事（未明确此刻正在
做）”，也需用现在进行时（如 I am reading a novel these days，不一定此刻正在读）。
【对点练习】在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空
1. The earth ________ (go) around the sun, which is a well-known objective truth.
2. He ________ (visit) his grandparents with his parents every weekend to show his love.
3. My sister ________ (read) an interesting novel in her room at the moment.
4. I ________ (watch) a wonderful movie when my best friend called me last night.
5. They ________ (play) basketball on the school playground this time yesterday afternoon.
二、高频基础时态（被动语态）用法表
此表格梳理 4 种基础时态的被动语态结构、功能及转换逻辑，解决 “动作承受关系”
的判断问题，是语法填空 “动词形式转换” 的高频考点。类别 被动语态结构 核心功能 主动→被动转换示例
一般 am/is/are + done 表经常性、习惯性
主动：He teaches English.→被
现在 （如 am done, is 的被动动作，或当
动：English is taught by him.
时 taught） 前的被动状态
一般 was/were + done 主动：She finished the work
表过去某一具体时
过去 （如 was done, yesterday.→被动：The work
间的被动动作
时 were taught） was finished by her yesterday.
am/is/are + being
现在 表当前（说话时） 主动：They are repairing the car
+ done（如 am
进行 正在进行的被动动 now.→被动：The car is being
being done, is
时 作 repaired by them now.
being taught）
was/were + being 主动：He was cleaning the room
过去
+ done（如 was 表过去某一时刻正 at 9 last night.→被动：The room
进行
being done, were 在进行的被动动作 was being cleaned by him at 9
时
being taught） last night.
注意事项：
1. 被动语态的 “be 动词” 变化：be 动词需随主语单复数及时态变化（如主语单数 + 一般
过去时用 was，主语复数 + 现在进行时用 are），不可固定用 am/is/are；
2. “by + 执行者” 的省略：若无需强调动作执行者，可省略 “by + 主语”（如 The letter
was written yesterday. 无需说 by her），但强调执行者时必须保留；
3. 不及物动词无被动：本讲明确 “不及物动词（如 happen, occur, rise, fall）无被动语态”，
避免错误表达（如 “An accident was happened yesterday” 错误，正确：An accident happened
yesterday）。
【对点练习】在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空
1. English ________ (teach) as a main foreign language in most middle schools in China.
2. The old photos ________ (find) in a small box when we cleaned the attic last weekend.
3. A new library ________ (build) in our community now, and it will be finished next year.
4. The valuable painting ________ (repair) by a famous artist at 9 o'clock this morning.
5. These difficult math problems ________ (discuss) by the students in the class this time yesterday.
三、语法填空题型专项考查表此表格结合文档 “语法填空” 题型（“填入适当单词”“用所给单词正确形式填
空”），梳理本讲时态语态在该题型中的核心考点、解题逻辑及示例，直接对应文档 “模拟
练习”“真题操练” 的考查方向。
类型 考点要求 解题逻辑步骤 真题级示例
用所给动
词的正确 1. 判断动作逻辑：主动 1. He ______ (teach) in
时态 / 语 this school for 5 years.
（主语是执行者）vs 被动
态形式填 （无被动逻辑，表当前
（主语是承受者）
给动词填形 空（如括 状态，填 teaches）
2. 判断动作时间：根据时
式 号内给 2. The old building ______
间标志词 / 语境确定时态
do，填 (repair) last month.（主语
does/did/wa 3. 确定形式：结合时态 + 是承受者，过去时间，
s done 语态写动词正确形式 填 was repaired）
等）
1. The meeting ______
填入适当 1. 分析句子结构：谓语是 held in the hall yesterday.
的 be 动 否缺 “be 动词” （过去时，主语单数，
无提示填单 词（am/is/ 2. 判断时态：根据语境 / 填 was）
词 are/was/wer 时间标志确定时态 2. Many trees ______
e），构成 3. 判断单复数：根据主语 being planted these days.
被动语态 单复数确定 be 动词形式 （现在进行时，主语复
数，填 are）
注意事项：
1. 无提示填单词的 “be 动词” 判断：需先确认是否表被动（若主语是动作承受者，必填
be 动词），再结合时态、单复数确定具体形式，不可盲目填 do/does；
2. 给动词填形式的 “时态优先”：若无法直接判断语态，可先通过时间标志词确定时态
（如 “now”→现在进行时），再判断主动 / 被动；
3. 避免 “时态语态重复错误”：如 “is being done” 已含现在进行时 + 被动，不可多填 be
动词（错误：is being is done）。
【对点练习】在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空
1. The young man ________ (work) in a big company as an engineer now because he is good at
technology.
2. All the important documents ________ (send) to the manager by his assistant just now.
3. A big sports meeting ________ held in our school every two years to encourage students to
exercise.
4. The old house ________ being pulled down when the government stopped the project last month.5. My favorite singer ________ (perform) a new song on the stage at the moment, and all fans are
cheering.
四、易错点对比辨析表
此表格针对本讲高频易错点（时态混淆、语态误用），通过 “错误 - 正确” 对比明确
规则，帮助规避典型错误。
易错类型 错误表达 正确表达 核心规则总结
时态混淆
I watched TV at 8 last I was 表 “过去某一时刻正在做” 用
（一般过
night.（错误：“at 8 watching 过去进行时，表 “过去某时间
去时 vs
last night” 表过去某 TV at 8 last 做过（已结束）” 用一般过去
过去进行
时刻，需用进行时） night. 时
时）
A big fire was
语态误用 A big fire
happened in the forest 不及物动词（happen/occur/rise/
（不及物 happened
yesterday.（错误： fall）无被动语态，只能用主动形
动词用被 in the forest
happen 是不及物动 式
动） yesterday.
词，无被动）
现在进行 He is often playing He often
时表 basketball after school. plays 表 “习惯性、经常性动作” 用
“习惯性 （错误：“often” 表 basketball 一般现在时，表 “当前 / 现阶
动作” 习惯性动作，需用一 after 段进行” 用现在进行时
错误 般现在时） school.
The work
The work finished by
被动语态 was 被动语态必须含 “be 动词 +
him yesterday.（错
be 动词 finished by 过去分词”，be 动词不可遗漏，
误：主语是承受者，
遗漏 him 需随时间 / 单复数变化
缺 be 动词）
yesterday.
注意事项：
1. 时间标志词的 “唯一性”：不同时态对应固定时间标志词（如 “at 8 last night” 只对应过
去进行时），需牢记标志词与时态的匹配关系；
2. 不及物动词的 “主动表被动”：部分不及物动词短语（如 take place, break out）虽有
“被动含义”，但仍用主动形式（如 “The war broke out in 1939”，不可说 was broken
out）；
3. 语境优先原则：若无明确时间标志词，需通过上下文逻辑判断时态（如 “Look! The dog
______ (run)”，通过 “Look!” 判断用现在进行时 is running）。
【对点练习】在空格处填入一个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空1. The little boy ________ (draw) a picture when his mother came back home yesterday evening.
2. A terrible accident ________ (happen) on this busy road last Friday, causing two injuries.
3. My parents usually ________ (take) a walk in the park after dinner instead of watching TV.
4. The difficult task ________ (complete) by the hard-working team after three weeks of effort.
5. The students ________ (not listen) to the teacher carefully when the sudden noise broke out.
一、语法填空：在空格处填入1个适当的单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空
1．（2024·河北·一模）They broke my windows and (threat) me.
2．（2021·广东江门·一模）——That must have been a long trip. ——Yeah, it (take) us
a whole week to get there.
3．（2025高三下·全国·专题练习）The students’ proposals (evaluate) based on
creativity last semester.
4．（2021高三上·浙江·专题练习）No one in the department but Tom and I (know) that
the director is going to resign.
5．（2023高三·上海·专题练习）Doing exercise in the morning （be）good for our
health.
6．（2023高三·上海·专题练习）Little we know his life.
7．（2023高三·上海·专题练习）They (work) on the program for almost one
week before I joined them，and now we (work) on it as no good results have come
out so far.
8．（2022高三·上海·专题练习）Not only the writers speak with people who study
culture and group behavior, but also they talked with animals experts like zookeepers.
9．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）After the wars, the Indians were driven to the west of the
country. Not until 1924 they gain the right to vote.
10．（2023高三·上海·专题练习）One day Gene and Hannah Bortnick heard piano music coming
from their living room. They thought their 3-year-old son Ethan (listen) to a CD．
11．（2020高三·全国·专题练习）Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming,(regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.
12．（21-22高三上·江苏盐城·阶段练习）Nowadays, cell phones have features such as games,
music and calendars and more new functions (add)．
13．（2023高三·上海·专题练习）Apparently,the most depressing day of the year is the third
Monday in January, when it’s cold and dark outside. This day (nickname) ‘Blue Monday’ by
psychologist Cliff Arnall in 2004.
14．（2020高三·全国·专题练习）He went home in a hurry,never once looking back to see if he
(follow).
15．（2023高三·上海·专题练习）For example, I (order) a digital camera online the
other day and saved about $50.
Passage 1
（2025·全国二卷·高考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正
确形式。
I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the
countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, 1
bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and 2
(center) heating doesn’t exist.
Nothing in my life before prepared me 3 this one-and to be sure, the first time
I came here I never imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area. But it’s amazing how you
can adapt 4 learn in a new environment. Over time, I’ve found 5
(I) feeling extremely at home here. And in the process, I’ve experienced things that really surprise me
at times. The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes 6 (be) one of
them. Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying
me the chance 7 (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet
“sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. The sun-dried clothes smell especially
pleasant where I live, thanks to the 8 (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky
9 (afternoon) with lots of fresh air.If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt 10
(leave) to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders.
Passage 2
（2025·全国一卷·高考真题）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正
确形式。
An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or
weiqi in Chinese, 1 originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.
Go is one of 2 earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games. The
movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to
Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the exhibition.
“The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,”
says Tu. “We hope 3 (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual
context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.”
“In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into
your trap and force them to follow your ‘ 4 (guide)’ till they lose,” explains
Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition.
“The players’ personalities 5 (reveal) during the game, and one’s
weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always 6
(try) to beat the opponent 7 no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿
态) of respect for the other side. ”
Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the 8
(strategy) placement of the pieces, 9 the energy flow following each move
inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, 10 (digital) generated
pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
Passage 3
（2025·吉林·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As the wheel of time turns, traditional practices are witnessing a comeback. Gua Sha, an
ancient Chinese healing technique, has been gaining 1 (popular) in recent
years as a holistic approach to wellness and beauty, because it offers various benefits to modern
wellness seekers.On a media app, a before-and-after video of Gua Sha has been viewed more than 11.8 million
times. Meanwhile, influencers have started to share their Gua Sha routines on some other media
apps, attracting 2 (grow) attention from global audiences. Moreover, Western
beauty stores and 3 (celebrity) have jumped at the fashion and started favoring
Gua Sha or selling its tools.
Actually, Gua Sha has been practiced in China since the Ming Dynasty and is known to have
muscle pain relieved 4 improve blood circulation. Originally, it 5
(use) on the body, like arms, legs, and back; however, nowadays, it’s commonly used to improve the
health of 6 (face) skin. The practice is performed using a smooth-edged tool to
gently scrape (刮) areas of the body, 7 , according to Traditional Chinese
Medicine (TCM) , can encourage a healthy flow of energy and blood.
Gua Sha, a TCM practice, also 8 (serve) as a cultural practice, now
has 9 (incredible) found its way to the West due to its potential health benefits.
Undoubtedly, promoting TCM practices could be 10 much-needed
opportunity for others to learn more about Chinese culture.
Passage 4
（2025·河北衡水·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形
式。
Neuralink, 1 (found) by Elon Musk, plans to begin clinical trials in the
United States in October 2025 of the Brain-Computer Interface (BCI), a device that can read speech
signals 2 (direct) from the brain and transform them into text. The project
aims to help people with speech disorders.
The company’s president, DJ Seo, said the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has
granted 3 (permit) for the study. According to him, the technology will be able
to record 4 a person is trying to say or mentally imagine speech. “If you’re
imagining saying something, we would be able to pick that up,” Seo said.
Neuralink is currently conducting five more clinical trials of implants (植入) that allow users
5 (control) electronic devices, including computers, using brain signals. The
company is considering implanting the device in healthy people by 2030, which would be 6
step towards creating consumer technology.Similar developments are already being tested by other scientific groups to restore speech in
patients 7 possess ability to think but cannot physically pronounce words.
While companies like Synchron focus on less invasive (侵入的) methods, Neuralink’s deeper brain
implant approach offers 8 (detailed) brain data.
The start of the tests in October was postponed from the previous plan: implantation in the part
of the brain for language 9 (suppose) to begin by the end of September. In
addition to 10 (restore) speech, Neuralink is studying the possibilities of
treating blindness and Parkinson’s disease.
Passage 5
（2025·湖南·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The 2025 Reviving Craft — China’s Intangible Cultural Heritage and Contemporary Design
exhibition was held at Palazzo Serbelloni in Milan from Oct 3 to 12.
The exhibition 1 (organize) jointly by Sun Media Group and the Italy
China Council Foundation. 2 the theme “A Narrative of Social Life”, the
exhibition focused on the role of culture in social interactions, 3 (deepen) a
mutual appreciation between Chinese and Italian audiences through dialogues of art and the 4
(wise) of their civilizations.
Structured through two interwoven parts, the exhibition space blended philosophical thoughts
with aesthetic feelings. The exhibition featured four 5 (theme) areas —
Banquet, Salon, Merenda, and Opera. Through exhibits that incorporated both intangible cultural
heritage 6 contemporary designs, such as clothes, jewelry, furniture,
porcelain (瓷器), wine vessels, and tea, they examined the different relationship between humans,
social activities, fashion, and cultural heritage.
The exhibition broke away from 7 (convention) methods, employing
immersive displays, stories based on real life, and creative expressions. It also 8
(include) multimedia techniques and interactive AI devices, 9 helped to
facilitate an artistic journey that fostered 10 deeper appreciation for the
cultural depth and lasting charm of Chinese intangible cultural heritage.
Passage 6
（2025·安徽·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Gezhouba Dam, known as the “First Dam on the Yangtze River”, celebrated its 40th
anniversary on July 30. Over the past four decades, it 1 (produce) nearly 600
billion kWh of clean electricity.
Engineers and experts have said that as one of the most important water conservation projects
in China, Gezhouba Dam is 2 monument in the history of Chinese hydropower
(水电) construction, 3 (reflect) China’s strong mobilization and organizational
capabilities. Its 40-year “high reliability, longevity, and zero faults” operation has made important
contributions to China’s economic and 4 (society) development.
Gezhouba Dam is located in Yichang, central China’s Hubei Province. The construction of
Gezhouba Dam 5 (approve) by Chairman Mao Zedong. From the start of
construction in 1970 6 the completion in 1988, more than 100,000
hydropower workers, 7 conquered the wilderness, carrying poles and pushing
carts, finally completed this great project.
In 40 years, Gezhouba Dam has witnessed China’s opening-up 8
prosperity. Gezhouba builders are constantly making technological 9 (innovate)
to maintain our leading position in the industry while ensuring safe operations. Its contribution to
flood control and clean energy makes it 10 (true) remarkable.
