考点6 阅读7 选5—说明文
温馨提示：
本资料注重培优，集中强化重点，突破难度，规避易混易错点，练习全部
是26 年新模拟题
1. 高考真题考点分布
年份
卷别
体裁
类别
主题
段
首
段
中
段
尾
选项特指
字数
2025
全国I 卷
记叙文
人与社会
热爱事业的咖啡馆员工
4
1
完整句
254+85
全国II 卷
说明文
人与社会
一家人一起参加志愿服务
2
2
1
完整句
247+83
2024
新课标I 卷
说明文
人与自我
使用英语词典的心得
1
4
0
完整句
273+61
新课标II
卷
说明文
人与社会
如何避免过度性旅游
1
3
1
完整句
259+52
2023
新课标I 卷
说明文
人与自我
学会自我原谅的办法
0
4
1
完整句
247+82
新课标II
卷
说明文
人与社会
开启艺术之旅的建议
1
3
1
完整句
261+63
2022
新课标I 卷
说明文
人与社会
如何找到健身伙伴
0
4
1
完整句
257+76
新课标II
卷
说明文
人与社会
写文章好修改技巧
1
4
0
完整句
237+74
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】
1．从命题内容上看，高考命题主要从以下几方面考查：话题与当代社会生活紧密相关、人文气息浓厚，
引导学生关爱自我、关爱社会、热爱生活。
2．从命题思路上看：体裁以说明文、记叙文为主。题型以段中句为主，段首句和段尾句为辅。
语篇模式也较为固定：依次是提出问题、分析问题、最后是提供解决方案；主要考查考生的做题技能和
整体阅读判断能力，注重考查文章的结构。
【备考策略】
1.掌握说明文的结构特点和命题形式。
2.掌握说明文阅读填空的解题思路和技巧。
【命题预测】
预计2026 年说明文考查的可能性最大。复习过程中要熟练掌握说明文的命题特点和解题方法，做到成
功应对说明文阅读填空。
【必备基础知识】
一、【语篇特点】
分析篇章结构，把握全篇文脉是阅读“七选五”解题的关键，英语的语篇（Text）通常是由句子
（Sentence）和语段（Sentence group）构成的，语段是句子和语篇之间的中间层次，句子虽然能够单独地
表达相对完整的思想，但是它不能表达多方面比较复杂的思想，只有把几个句子结合为较大的言语片段，
才能表达一个相对独立的层意，所谓“积句成章，积章成篇”就是这个道理。
分析文章的层次包含两种形式：一种是分析整篇文章的层次，也就是段落（Paragraph）；另一种是分
析每一个段落内部的层次，也就是语篇层次。
语篇与段落是有区别的，语段是篇章结构的中间层次，是由句子到语篇的一种过渡形式，段落是在某
些语体（如记叙文、议论文等）中比语段更大的意义单位，较小的段落可以只包括一个语段或一个句子，
一般来说，一个段落通常由几个语段构成。构成语段的方式有两种，一是靠句际间意义的结合，二是靠句
际间的关联词，逻辑性插入语来连接，在分析语段层次时，可以借助句际间的连接词语作出判断，但最主
要的还是要真正体会句际间的意义关系，把握作者的思路，从语序上去发现断续点，理清层次，好文章的
层次非常清晰，只有层层入手，才能真正理解文章。
二、【解题策略】
1、从细节逻辑上判断——因果关系
在做题时最重要的是要读懂空白前后的句子，明白这几句话的确切意思，然后根据意思的连贯性或逻
辑性从选项中选取正确答案。在读懂意思的基础上，判断它们之间的逻辑关系来进一步确认答案。
因果关系主要指前后的句子有着原因和结果之间的关系，这种关系往往说明了前因后果或者前果后因
等情况。表示因果关系的连词有as a result（结果），thus / therefore（因此），so (such) ... that ...（如此
...... 以至于 ......）等。
2、从细节逻辑上判断——转折关系
转折关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句构成逆转逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的逆
转，则空格处很有可能是个转折逻辑的句子。
表示转折关系的连词有：However（然而），nevertheless（仍然；然而；不过）， nonetheless（尽管
如此；依然；然而），still（还；然而），though（可是；不过；然而），yet（然而），in spite of（不
顾；不管），at any rate（无论如何；至少），in any case（无论如何；不管怎样），whoever（无论是
谁），whatever（无论什么），on the contrary（正相反），in contrast（与此相反；相比之下），by contrast
（相反；相比之下），in comparison（比较起来；比较地），by comparison（相比之下），conversely（相
反地），otherwise（否则；除此以外），not ... but ...（不是 ...... 而是 ......），as well（也）等。
3、从细节逻辑上判断——例证关系
前后句的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式多样，但就其本质而言无非是思维上的形象
（例子）和抽象（观点）的辩证关系，用到的思维过程无非就是基本的归纳（从例子到观点）和推理（从
观点到例子）。
4、从细节逻辑上判断——递进关系
递进关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句是一种顺承逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的层进
关系，则空格处很有可能是个递进的句子。
表示递进关系的连词有：also（也；而且），further（另外），furthermore（而且；此外），likewise
（同样地；类似地；也；又），similarly（相似地；类似地），moreover（而且；再者；此外），in
addition（另外；加之），what’s more（而且；更重要的是），too（也；还），either（也），neither（两
者都不），not only … but also …（不但 …… 而且 ……）等。
5、从细节逻辑上判断——列举关系
表示列举关系的有：first（首先；第一），second（第二），third（第三）……；firstly（第一；首
先），secondly（第二；其次），thirdly（第三）……；first（第一），next（其次），then（那么；然
后）……；in the first place（第一；首先），in the second place（第二；其次）……；for one thing（首先；
一则），for another thing（其次）……；to begin with（首先；第一），to conclude（最后）等。
6、从词汇线索上判断——指代关系
英语表达中的代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样
的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。
7、从词汇线索上判断——同义关系
英语前言后语之间往往有同义词、近义词、近义表达语甚至相同词汇的重复使用，这是我们解题的一
个很好的判断线索。利用前后句中这种特殊的同义关系常常可以很轻松地解题。
8、从试题位置上判断——问题在段首
假如问题出现在段首，它通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词
或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。另外着重阅读后文第一、二句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相
关特征词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空格后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句间会有某种衔
接手段，尤其是当选项是几句话时。
9、从试题位置上判断——问题在段尾
所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是
否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。
总之，分析与前文是转折或是对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折或对比的关联词，同时注
意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立或对比关系。如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅
读，看此处是细节还是主题。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词
（如转折词）引出来，正确答案中应有这样的特征词。段尾通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找
表示结果、结论、总结等信号词，如therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a
word 等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。
考点一 阅读7 选5 中的微观技巧
1.利用词汇关系解题
词汇复现法是为了保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即在文章中对同一个概念进行重复
描述，从而使得同样的意思在文章中不同位置反复出现。在做题时考生要注意选项中出现的与正文意思相
同、相近或相反的词汇。
词汇复现：原词复现、同义词或近义词复现、反义词复现、同源词复现。
识别词汇复现的方法：1.着重阅读空前、空后两句，锁定关键词，在选项中查找关键词。2.正确选项
中的关键词一般重复前一句中的关键词，且与下一句的关键词呼应。
2.利用一致关系解题
一致性原则包括：①句式一致：如果文章有小标题，其句式往往统一，多为祈使句或名词短语。通过观察
前后段落的小标题句式，可以确定设空处的正确选项。若无小标题，可依据前后段的句首句式，利用句式
一致原则进行判断。同样，段中句也可通过上下句式结构的一致性来判断正确答案。
②指代一致：句子中的代词与上下文的名词之间存在一致的指代关系。通过仔细分析空白处前后的名词，
可以明确这种指代关系，从而确定正确选项。
③问答一致：在解答7 选5 题目时，如果选项或文章中出现了疑问句，我们可以通过下文的答语来确定上
文的问句内容，反之亦然。
④主从句一致：在考查含状语从句的复合句时，如果空在前，则空白后部分以小写字母开头。找到备选项
中不能独立成句的选项，再根据主从句一致原则确定正确答案。
3.常见逻辑关系及解题方法
①并列关系
表现形式：and, also, as well as, besides, in addition, moreover, furthermore, either...or..., neither...nor..., not
only...but also... 等。
解题方法：如果空白处前后的内容是并列关系，那么可以从选项中找出与前后内容相关的并列项。例如，
如果空白处前一句提到了 “reading books”，后一句提到了 “watching movies”，那么空白处可以填入
“listening to music” 等与阅读和看电影并列的活动。
②转折关系
表现形式：but, however, yet, on the contrary, in contrast, while, whereas 等。
解题方法：如果空白处前后的内容是转折关系，那么可以从选项中找出与前后内容相反的选项。例如，如
果空白处前一句提到了 “it is easy to learn English”，后一句提到了 “it is difficult to master English”，那么
空白处可以填入 “However, learning English requires patience and perseverance.” 等表示转折的句子。
③因果关系
表现形式：because, since, as, for, due to, thanks to, so, therefore, thus, as a result, consequently 等。
解题方法：如果空白处前后的内容是因果关系，那么可以从选项中找出表示原因或结果的选项。例如，如
果空白处前一句提到了 “he studied hard”，后一句提到了 “he got good grades”，那么空白处可以填入
“As a result, he got good grades.” 等表示结果的句子。
④递进关系
表现形式：besides, in addition, moreover, furthermore, what's more, not only...but also... 等。
解题方法：如果空白处前后的内容是递进关系，那么可以从选项中找出表示更进一步的选项。例如，如果
空白处前一句提到了 “he is good at math”，后一句提到了 “he is also excellent in physics”，那么空白处可
以填入 “Moreover, he is interested in chemistry.” 等表示递进的句子。
⑤举例关系
表现形式：for example, for instance, such as, like, namely 等。
解题方法：如果空白处前后的内容是举例关系，那么可以从选项中找出具体的例子。例如，如果空白处前
一句提到了 “there are many kinds of sports”，后一句提到了 “such as basketball, football and tennis”，那么
空白处可以填入 “For example, swimming and running are also popular sports.” 等表示举例的句子。
1. 原词复现(2022 新课标卷第39 题) notice
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training
she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It
also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number.
39
A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport?
E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice?
F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
【答案】 G
【解析】根据前文“My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what
kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each
session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. ( 我的搭档把
她的要求贴在了当地公园的布告栏上。她的注意事项包括她想要做什么样的锻炼，每周多少天，每次培训
要花多少小时，以及她的年龄。它还列出了她最喜欢的运动和活动，并提供了她的电话号码。)”可知，本
段作者以自己的锻炼伙伴为例，说明寻找锻炼伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以选择项G“Any notice for a
training partner should include such information. (任何锻炼伙伴的布告都应包括这些信息。)”符合上下文语境。
故选G。
2.同义词复现 (2023 全国乙卷第36 题) little=small
Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important
point. While all of them are useful, they can get a little complex. But good news is that there’re really only three
kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large
ones.
38 . They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add
visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa,
small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.
…
A. While all of them are useful
B. Whatever you’re looking for
C. If you’re experimenting with a color
D. Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with
E. It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces
F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time
G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways
【答案】D
【解析】解此题可运用词汇复现法，该空后面的They're the little spots of color 和D 选项Small color choice
是同义词复现，所在段最后一句中的“small color choices”是D 项“Small color choices”的原词复现。上一
段结尾提到三种选择: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones。接下来分别一一介绍。且该段
中作者提到小物品如小靠垫、镜子、篮子等的颜色可以给房间带来视觉上的乐趣，以及其他好处。由
此可知，本段介绍的是small color choices。故答案是D。
3.反义词复现（2020 全国II 卷第39 题）friendlier 和unfriendly
While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for those used to working with traditional tools
like email, it may feel like a learning curve（曲线）. The good news is that it’s simple to learn and can be worth
the effort.
There is also the matter of tone（语气）. Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day?
39
. Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened with
an encouraging smile.
A. Message with emojis feel more conversational
B. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly
C. Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange
D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally
E. Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly
F. Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace
G. An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform
【答案】B
【解析】根据前句“ Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day? (谁没有收到过毁掉
了一整天的邮件呢？)”和后文介绍表情的优点，可知，这里陈述电子邮件的缺点。
4.代词指代一致（2023 新高考I 卷39 题）
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list.
39
That way, you could exchange
thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t
wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
【解析】39.根据空后内容“That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the
aspects of your personality that shine through.(这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众
不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面。)”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换
意见等。选项C“They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.(他们甚至可能想试一试做练习。)”符
合语境，C 项中的“they”与空前的“You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list.(你可以让
朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内容。)”中的“a friend or family member”保持一致，同时选项C 和下文“In
fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.(事实
上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法。)”中的“this”一
致。故选C。
5.句式一致（2016 高考II 卷）
A garden that’s just right for you
Have you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to
total more than the sum(总和) of its parts?
1 6
. But it doesn’t happen by accident. It starts with looking inside
yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening
process.
●
17
Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are
concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers (肥料).
18
.However,
there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our
earliest years.
●Recall(回忆)your childhood memories
Our model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandma’s rose garden and Dad’s
vegetable garden might be good or bad, but that’s not what’s important.
19
— how being in those gardens
made us feel. If you’d like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the
gardens of your youth.
20
. Then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into
your grown-up garden. Have fun.
A. Know why you garden
B. Find a good place for your own garden
C. It’s our experience of the garden that matters
D. It’s delightful to see so many beautiful flowers
E. Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants
F. You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, too
G. For each of those gardens, write down the strongest memory you have
【解析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了如何种植一个正好适合你的花园。
16.F 考查上下文的衔接。根据文章首句及下文的But it doesn’t happen by accident.可知，这里讲了“你是否
曾去过一个花园……但是它不是偶然发生的。”故F. You can produce that kind of magical quality in your
own garden, too 符合语境。
17.A 考查小标题。根据下文的a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. 可知，本
段主题与你想要种植花园的原因有关，再加上句式特征祈使句。故选A。18. E 考查上下文的衔接。根据
上文的"Some people may think..."和"Others are concerned about..."可知此处表达的是人们种植花园的不同原
因,而E 项中的"Still others may simply enjoy..."与上下文衔接自然, 故选E 项。19. C 考查上下文的衔接。根
据上文的"...but that’s not what’s important"和下文中的"how being in those gardens made us feel"可知此处讲的
应是什么是重要的,故C 项符合语境。20. G 考查上下文的衔接。上文的"the gardens of your youth"以及下文
的"your childhood memories"与G 项中的"those gardens"和"the strongest memory you have"相呼应,故选G 项。
6.转折关系
（2022 全国乙卷）
·Don’t rely on technology alone
40
, but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to
sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever
possible.
A. Remember important dates
B. Compensate by writing letters
C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
【解析】40. F。设空处所在句子的后半句“but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require
more conscious effort to sustain.”（但是异地友谊——甚至是关系亲密的友谊——可能需要更加自觉地去维
系。）讲的是我们要更加自觉地维系异地友谊，其中“but”说明后半句与设空处形成转折，而F 项“朋友
之间很容易通过社交媒体产生一种联结感”讲的是可以通过社交媒体这种方式很容易与朋友产生联结，与
后半句“require more conscious effort to sustain”形成转折，而且其中的“social media”呼应了该段的小标题
“Don’t rely on technology alone”（不要仅仅依赖技术）中的“technology”。故选F。
7.因果关系
（2020 新高考卷）
Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake
is the one who is speaking. People’s attention wanders constantly. In fact, most people only absorb about 20
percent of a speaker’s message. So, don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one.
38
A. Do the opposite.
B.Y ou want to be an effective public speaker.
C. You don’ t need to apologize for a minor slip.
D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.
E. The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience
F. Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners
G. However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.
【解析】38. C。根据上文中的“So，don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious
one.”可知，当你犯错时不要停止演讲，除非是非常严重的错误。据此可以推知，空处承接上文，说明犯小
错误无需道歉，故C 项正确。
8.递进关系
（2023 全国甲卷）
●Practice gratitude (感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.
37
. “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California.
A. Find your causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncomfortable
D. All this adds up to a state of hurry
E. It can also help us practice more patience
F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience
【解析】37.根据上文“Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and
even more optimistic.(感恩有很多好处：研究表明，感恩让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观)”以及后文
““Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. (加州大学
的研究员叶丽说：“表达感激可以培养自我控制能力。”)”可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处，可知本句
继续说明感恩的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E 选项中It 指代上文Thankfulness。故E 选项
“它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心”符合语境，故选E。also 表示递进关系。
1.（2026·辽宁省名校联盟高高三上学期开学）
You’ve likely heard that you should live life to the fullest, but how can you achieve this?
1
Here are
some ways you can do to start living your life to the fullest today.
Embrace where you are in life’s journey.
If you want to live life to the fullest, start by loving yourself for exactly who you are.
2
You’ve all
got a path and things to work out, and it’s just accepting what happened rather than potentially judging it.
3
Your comfort zone is just the routine parts of your daily life that are familiar to you. Your comfort zone
brings feelings of safety and security, but it also keeps you from growing and changing. Over time, your comfort
zone can feel more like it’s restricting you and holding you back. That’s why it’s important to shake things up every
now and again.
Be honest with yourself and others.
This doesn’t mean that you never tell a “little white lie” — what this means is that you always act towards
yourself and others in a way that’s true to your core values. When you always act honestly and sincerely in service
to your core values, you’re consistent and people know they can rely on you.
4
Keep yourself as fit and healthy as possible.
It’s true that many aspects of your overall health are out of your control.
5
Keeping your body
healthy ensures that you have the energy you need to live your life to the fullest. Always look for the most exciting
way to do something, whether it’s taking the stairs instead of the elevator or skipping home from the bus instead of
walking.
A．Step out of your comfort zone.
B．Stay in safe daily routines often.
C．This means the first step is acceptance.
D．People’s reliance encourages you to be honest.
E．But you can still eat right and get a little exercise every day.
F．Well, what you should do is whatever fulfills and enriches you.
G．This enables you to better build the relationship to live life to the fullest.
【答案】1．F 2．C 3．A 4．G 5．E
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是如何充分享受生活，给出了接纳当下、走出舒适区等方法，助
力人们从现在开始更好地体验生活。
1．根据空前的“You’ve likely heard that you should live life to the fullest, but how can you achieve this? (你可
能听说过应该充分享受生活，但如何才能做到呢？)”可知，此空需先回应“如何充分享受生活”的疑问，
再引出下文具体方法。F 选项“Well, what you should do is whatever fulfills and enriches you. (嗯，你应该做
的是任何能让你感到满足和充实的事情)”解答前文疑问，起到承上启下的作用，符合语境。故选F 项。
（问答一致）
2．根据空前的“If you want to live life to the fullest, start by loving yourself for exactly who you are. (如果你想
充分享受生活，首先要完全接受自己本来的样子去爱自己)”以及空后的“You’ve all got a path and things to
work out, and it’s just accepting what happened rather than potentially judging it. (每个人都有自己的人生道路和
需要解决的事情，关键是接受已经发生的事，而不是去评判它)”可知，此空需强调“接纳”的重要性。C
选项“This means the first step is acceptance. (这意味着第一步是接纳)”中的“acceptance”与空后“accepting
what happened”相呼应，符合语境。故选C 项。（同词复现）
3．分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的小标题，与其他段落相同，应为祈使句。根据空后的“Your comfort
zone is just the routine parts of your daily life that are familiar to you. Your comfort zone brings feelings of safety
and security, but it also keeps you from growing and changing. Over time, your comfort zone can feel more like it’s
restricting you and holding you back. That’s why it’s important to shake things up every now and again. (你的舒适
区不过是日常生活中那些你熟悉的常规部分。舒适区能带来安全感，但也会阻碍你的成长与改变。久而久
之，你会越发觉得舒适区在束缚你、拖慢你的脚步。这就是为什么偶尔打破常规很重要)”可知，本段核心
是建议“走出舒适区”。A 选项“Step out of your comfort zone. (走出你的舒适区)”为祈使句，且准确概括
本段主题，适合作本段小标题。故选A 项。（句式一致）
4．根据空前的“When you always act honestly and sincerely in service to your core values, you’re consistent and
people know they can rely on you. (当你始终诚实地、真诚地践行自己的核心价值观时，你会保持一致性，人
们也会知道他们可以信任你)”可知，此空需说明“诚实待人待己”的积极影响。G 选项“This enables you
to better build the relationship to live life to the fullest. (这能让你更好地建立人际关系，从而充分享受生活)”中
的“This”指代前文“act honestly and sincerely”，且与“live life to the fullest”呼应文章主题，符合语境。故
选G 项。（指代一致）
5．根据空前的“It’s true that many aspects of your overall health are out of your control. (诚然，整体健康的很
多方面是你无法控制的)”以及空后的“Keeping your body healthy ensures that you have the energy you need to
live your life to the fullest. (保持身体健康能确保你有足够的精力充分享受生活)”可知，此空需转折说明“虽
有无法控制的健康因素，但仍有可主动行动的部分”。E 选项“But you can still eat right and get a little
exercise every day. (但你仍然可以合理饮食，每天进行少量运动)”中的“but”形成转折，且“eat right and get
a little exercise”与空后“Keeping your body healthy”相呼应，符合语境。故选E 项。（转折关系）
2.（2026·四川省大数据联盟高三上学期开学考试）
In this modern world, people readily get swept up in chaos and try to regain a sense of control through
sweeping personal changes. 1 That’s where the magic of micro wins comes in. Here are 4 micro wins
designed to be immediately satisfying and mood-boosting.
Knock out a disgusting task.
2 It could be a phone call you’ve been avoiding, a chore that’s been put off, or a task that’s just plain
annoying. Block off 15 minutes, dive in, and do it. Taking care of that one thing you’ve been avoiding creates a
powerful sense of mastery.
Tidy up your home screens.
The mess on our devices can weigh us down just as much as the paper piles on our desks. Take a few minutes to
clean up your home screen on your phone, tablet, and computer. Start by removing apps you don’t use, organizing
your files into folders, and updating your wallpaper to something you love to look at. 3
Clean out your daily-use bag.
Has your daily-use bag become a catch-all for wrinkled receipts, gum wrappers, and random household
items? We’ve all been there. 4 Though we are wired to believe more is better, the opposite is actually
true. The power of subtraction (减法) will make you feel lighter and more purposeful. 5
Set aside one hour — perhaps every day or every week for home or life tasks — paying bills, organizing a
drawer, or getting through e-mails. Use this hour to complete as much as you can, one task at a time. This can
become a weekly resetting ritual, giving you a boost of motivation and productivity that lasts.
A．Devote a “power hour” to yourself.
B．Every to-do list has at least one fearsome item.
C．But usually, these efforts end up being useless.
D．Spare time to handle those annoying habits quickly.
E．These small devices bring a satisfying boost in minutes.
F．Take five minutes to sort it out and return only what you need.
G．You’ll open that device less reluctantly with a delight drawing you in.
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．G 4．F 5．A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出人们常试图通过彻底改变来掌控生活却多无成效，进而介绍了四个
“微小胜利”的方法，帮助人们即时获得满足感、改善心情。
1．根据空前的“In this modern world, people readily get swept up in chaos and try to regain a sense of control
through sweeping personal changes. (在这个现代世界，人们很容易陷入混乱，并试图通过彻底的个人改变来
重新获得掌控感。)”以及空后的“That’s where the magic of micro wins comes in. (这就是“微小胜利”的魔
力所在。)”可知，此处应说明彻底改变的努力通常无效，从而引出“微小胜利”。C 选项“But usually,
these efforts end up being useless. (但通常情况下，这些努力最终都是无用的。)”中的“these efforts”指代前文
“through sweeping personal changes”，“but”形成转折，符合语境。故选C 项。
2．根据本段小标题“Knock out a disgusting task. (完成一项令人讨厌的任务。)”以及空后的“It could be a
phone call you’ve been avoiding, a chore that’s been put off, or a task that’s just plain annoying. (它可能是一个你
一直回避的电话，一项被推迟的家务，或者一项就是很讨厌的任务。)”可知，此处应说明待办清单中总有
令人畏惧的任务。B 选项“Every to-do list has at least one fearsome item. (每个待办清单都至少有一个令人畏
惧的项目。)”中的“fearsome item”与空后“disgusting task”相呼应，符合语境。故选B 项。
3．根据空前的“Take a few minutes to clean up your home screen on your phone, tablet, and computer. Start by
removing apps you don’t use, organizing your files into folders, and updating your wallpaper to something you love
to look at. (花几分钟清理你的手机、平板电脑和电脑的主屏幕。从删除不常用的应用程序、将文件整理到
文件夹中，以及将壁纸更新为你喜欢的样式开始。)”可知，此处应说明清理主屏幕后的积极效果。G 选项
“You’ll open that device less reluctantly with a delight drawing you in. (有了吸引你的愉悦感，你打开设备时
就不会那么不情愿了。)”中的“that device”指代前文“phone, tablet, and computer”，描述了清理后的使用体
验，符合语境。故选G 项。
4．根据本段小标题“Clean out your daily-use bag. (清理你的日常用包。)”以及空前的“Has your daily-use
bag become a catch-all for wrinkled receipts, gum wrappers, and random household items? We’ve all been there.
(你的日常用包是不是变成了皱巴巴的收据、口香糖包装纸和各种杂物的“收容所”？我们都有过这样的经
历。)”可知，此处应说明清理包的具体做法。F 选项“Take five minutes to sort it out and return only what you
need. (花五分钟整理一下，只留下你需要的东西。)”中的“sort it out”呼应“Clean out”，符合语境。故选F
项。
5．分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的小标题，与其他段落相同，应为祈使句，根据空后的“Set aside one
hour — perhaps every day or every week for home or life tasks — paying bills, organizing a drawer, or getting
through e-mails. Use this hour to complete as much as you can, one task at a time. (留出一个小时——也许是每天
或每周——用来处理家庭或生活事务，比如付账单、整理抽屉或处理电子邮件。利用这一小时尽可能多地
完成任务，一次完成一项。)”可知，本段讲述的内容与为自己留出“高效一小时”相关。A 选项“Devote a
“power hour” to yourself. (为自己留出一个“高效一小时”。)”为祈使句，且“power hour”与空后“one
hour”相呼应，能概括本段主题，适合作本段小标题。故选A 项。
考点二 阅读7 选5 中的宏观技巧
考点一 考查标题句
知识点 标题句的特征及解题技巧
1.应当首先观察其他段落标题的句式结构，根据已有小标题的句式特征，则可迅速缩小选择范围。标
题应当短小精悍，多为名词词组、动名词或祈使句。
2.根据小标题下面的内容，进一步确定小标题选项的准确性。小标题一定要它后面的内容保持一致。
1.解题技巧：
段落标题句：1.观察其他段落标题的表达形式；2.段落标题句的特点：短小且语言精炼，以祈使句或短句
为主；3.阅读段落内容，提炼中心句，留意体现主旨的原词、同源词、同义词、近义词或反义词。
2.思维方法：
(2025 年1 月•浙江卷)
One of the most common mistakes in communication is trying to do too much. 36 There’s no value
in delivering any kind of communication, whether written, spoken, formal, or informal, if the message doesn’t
come across clearly. Being clear and brief — while maintaining interest and including everything your listeners
need to know — is a high-level communication skill.
Here are some tips worth following in order to communicate more effectively.
Keep your audience in mind.
Your audience will naturally be more interested and engaged when you tailor your communications to their
interests. 37 This will engage their desire to understand and interact with the information.
Don’t use ten words when one will do.
Even the most engaged and committed audience will eventually get bored. Keeping your message simple and
clear will make it easier for people to understand. 38 However, they’re hearing it for the first time. Keep
it simple.
39
If you’ve ever worked as an instructor, manager, trainer or coach, you’ll know that there are few better ways
to learn new information than to teach it. Ask the audience to contribute their ideas or to take a role in explaining
new concepts and policies to others. Allow them to lead discussions and meetings to develop their communication
skills.
Consider the best method to deliver your message.
If the information you’re communicating isn’t urgent, consider sending an email. Written communication
will give your audience more time to review it, think it over, and follow up with questions. 40
Building effective communication skills takes time, but the effects are worth the effort.
A．Be patient.
B．Get the audience involved.
C．The best messages are often simple.
D．Speak directly to what matters to them.
E．You may be surprised by what your listeners offer.
F．It will also give them a handy record to refer back to.
G．As the speaker, you already know what you’re going to say.
【思维过程】
●39 空为小标题句，观察其他小标题句的特征，它们都是祈使句。
●选项定位7 个选项中有3 个是祈使句ABD→看小标题下面的内容→①contribute their ideas or to take a role
in explaining new concepts and policies to others（贡献自己的想法，或在向他人解释新概念和政策方面发挥
作用）②Allow them to lead discussions and meetings to develop their communication skills 让他们主持讨论和
会议，以发展他们的沟通技巧→B．Get the audience involved.
●故选B
39.【答案】B
【解析】本题考查小标题，根据后文“Ask the audience to contribute their ideas or to take a role in explaining
new concepts and policies to others. Allow them to lead discussions and meetings to develop their communication
skills.(要求听众贡献自己的想法，或参与向他人解释新的概念和政策。让他们能够领导讨论和会议，以发
展他们的沟通技巧)”表示让听众参与到互动演讲之中，B 选项“让观众参与进来”概括本段内容。故选
B。
（2026·贵州省贵阳市校联考高三上学期8 月检测）
Four Tips to Cancel Plans Effectively
You’re waiting for your friends to arrive for dinner at night. They’re 10 minutes late. What on earth could
have happened to them? 1 , and you’re not the only one who feels that way. Below are some tips on how
to cancel plans without risking your relationships.
2
Once there is a conflict in your schedule, notify the affected people immediately. When possible, give others at
least a day’s notice. One study found that even among friends, being informed just minutes before the event is the
most annoying way to hear about a cancellation.
Prioritize talking over texting
Though texting is useful and common in society today, when you have to cancel someone’s date, nothing is
better than making an old-fashioned phone call. Taking the time to call shows respect. 3 . It also helps
you know they got the message, enabling you to communicate clearly and avoid misunderstandings.
Offer to reschedule
Offering to reschedule shows others they are important to you and you would still like to spend time with
them. For example, you can say, “I was really looking forward to the game this weekend. The team is playing here
again in three weeks. Would you like to go together then?” 4 .
Be honest
Honesty is crucial to maintaining strong relationships. Research shows that over 80% said they would be
upset to find out the reason provided was a lie. 5 . You just offer an honest explanation about why you
won’t be able to keep your appointment.
A．Offer an alternative
B．It allows them to hear your tone
C．Provide as early notice as possible
D．You don’t need to come up with the perfect excuse
E．When explaining the situation, it’s essential to realize this point
F．Suggesting a new date means you value the person’s relationship
G．Being stood up or having plans canceled for any reason isn’t comfortable
【答案】1．G 2．C 3．B 4．F 5．D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了有效取消计划的四个技巧，包括尽早通知、优先打电话而非发短
信、提议重新安排时间以及保持诚实，以避免损害人际关系。
1．根据上文“You’re waiting for your friends to arrive for dinner at night. They’re 10 minutes late. What on earth
could have happened to them? (你晚上在等朋友来吃晚餐，他们迟到了 10 分钟，他们到底怎么了？)” 以及
下文 “and you’re not the only one who feels that way. (而且你不是唯一一个有这种感觉的人)” 可知，此处应
描述等人时对方迟到或计划被取消时人们的感受，G 选项 “被放鸽子或者因为任何原因计划被取消都让人
不舒服” 符合语境。故选G。
2．根据下文“Once there is a conflict in your schedule, notify the affected people immediately. When possible,
give others at least a day’s notice. (一旦你的日程安排有冲突，立即通知受影响的人。如果可能的话，至少提
前一天通知其他人。)” 可知，此段强调尽早通知，C 选项“尽可能早地提供通知”能概括此段，为本段的
小标题。故选C。
3．根据上文“Taking the time to call shows respect. (花时间打电话表示尊重。)”以及“It also helps you know
they got the message, enabling you to communicate clearly and avoid misunderstandings. (这也有助于你确认他们
收到了消息，使你能够清晰地沟通并避免误解。)” 可知，此处应阐述打电话的好处，B 选项“它能让他们
听到你的语气” 符合语境，故选B。
4．根据上文“Offering to reschedule shows others they are important to you and you would still like to spend
time with them. (提议重新安排时间向他人表明他们对你很重要，并且你仍然愿意和他们共度时光。)” 可知，
此处应进一步说明提议重新安排时间的意义，F 选项“提议一个新日期意味着你重视与这个人的关系” 符
合语境，进一步强调提议新日期体现对关系的重视，故选F。
5．根据上文“Honesty is crucial to maintaining strong relationships. Research shows that over 80% said they
would be upset to find out the reason provided was a lie. (诚实对于维持稳固的关系至关重要。研究表明，超过
80% 的人表示，如果发现给出的理由是谎言，他们会感到沮丧。)” 以及下文 “You just offer an honest
explanation about why you won’t be able to keep your appointment. (你只需诚实地解释为什么你不能赴约。)”
可知，此处应强调不需要找完美借口，要诚实，D 选项 “你不需要想出完美的借口” 符合语境，与前后
文强调的诚实相呼应，故选D。
考点二 考查段首句
首先应当采取形似原则，观察与其他段落首句是否出现相同结构，一般考查祈使句的相同结构居多。其次
应当研读上一段的内容，尤其是上一段结尾的内容，结合本段内容，看选项是否符合逻辑上的紧密衔接。
段首题具有鲜明的语言特征，要么是段落标题句(主旨句)，要么就是段落主题句。
1.段落小标题：概括段落大意，特征突出，短小且语言精炼
2.段落主题句：段落主旨概括性，与其它段落承上启下
设空在段首——思考是“段落主题句”还是“承上启下句”
1.把握形似，确定段落标题句
2.根据一致，确定段落主题句
3.瞻前顾后，确定段落过渡句
(2024·新课标I 卷第38 题)
Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it’s vital to submit a perfect,
professionally presented manuscript (原稿). 36That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes. No editor
is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly.
I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典). I don’t trust my
laptop’s spellchecker. 37It takes no account of the context. …
38 It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words
whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.
In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago
in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. …
…
A. I don’t often use this dictionary.
B. It takes no account of the context.
C. But I still don’t want to replace them.
D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.
E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.
F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.
G. Dictionaries don’t always give you enough information.
【思维过程】
●38 空为段首句。
●看段首句38 空下面的内容→ It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it
from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is
pronounced.→ a precise definition、differentiating it from other words、also usually show how the word is
pronounced→E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.→词典不仅仅是帮助拼写、还给出定义、给
出区别、展示发音→E 引出下文和后文是并列关系
●故选E
（2026·浙江省七彩阳光联盟高三联考）
Are you feeling overwhelmed with too many tasks and not enough time?
1
After extensive
research and trial of various techniques, I’ve pulled together a series of strategies that will help you take control of
your days.
Know how you spend your time. Keeping track of your time is crucial for effective management.
2
Surprisingly, even minor activities can become significant time consumers when added up. Conducting a simple
time audit ( 审计) helps you find these hidden black holes in your schedule, which might be taking precious
moments away from more critical tasks. You need to write down what you’re doing at regular intervals (间隙) in
the day for about a week or two.
3
Determining what tasks are most important and need to be done first ensures that your time and
energy are focused on the right things.
4
Once you have a clear vision of what you’re aiming for, it
becomes easier to determine which tasks fit with those goals. It’s also important to consider deadlines and the
impact each task will have on your overall productivity to make sure that you’re spending your precious time on
tasks that truly matter and will bring you closer to reaching your objectives.
Use a planning tool.
5
By using a task manager or planner, you can easily track your goals, set
deadlines, and break down tasks into smaller steps. This allows you to create a clear roadmap for what needs to be
accomplished and helps prevent overwhelm. As a result, you can confidently manage your time and achieve greater
productivity in both your personal and professional life.
Give it a shot and prepare yourself for an exciting journey toward better productivity and less stress!
A．Set priorities.
B．I’ve been there.
C．Schedule appropriately.
D．Start by identifying your goals and objectives.
E．It helps you stay organized and prioritize tasks.
F．This will help you stay focused on what truly matters.
G．Many of us are unaware of how we typically spend our hours and minutes daily.
【答案】1．B 2．G 3．A 4．D 5．E
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些帮助人们更好地管理时间、提高效率的方法，包括了解
自己的时间花费、确定任务优先级、使用规划工具等。
1．上文“Are you feeling overwhelmed with too many tasks and not enough time?(你是否感到任务太多而时间
不够用?)”提出一个问题，询问读者是否有类似的困扰，B 选项“I’ve been there.(我也有过这样的经历)”回应
上文问题，表示自己也有过同样的感受，引出下文的应对策略建议。故选B 项。
2．上文“Know how you spend your time. Keeping track of your time is crucial for effective management.(了解
你如何花费时间。记录你的时间对于有效管理至关重要)”强调了了解自己时间花费的重要性，G 选项
“Many of us are unaware of how we typically spend our hours and minutes daily.(我们中的许多人都不知道我们
通常每天是如何花费时间的)”则指出了人们普遍存在的问题，即不知道自己的时间都花在了哪里，与上文
形成呼应。故选G 项。
3．根据下文“Determining what tasks are most important and need to be done first ensures that your time and
energy are focused on the right things.(确定哪些任务是最重要的，需要首先完成，这可以确保你的时间和精
力集中在正确的事情上)”可知，该段主要讲的是要确定任务的优先级，A 选项“Set priorities.(确定优先级)”
符合该段主旨，是段首主题句。故选A 项。
4．下文“Once you have a clear vision of what you’re aiming for, it becomes easier to determine which tasks fit
with those goals.(一旦你对你的目标有了清晰的认识，就更容易确定哪些任务符合这些目标)”提到了目标，
D 选项“Start by identifying your goals and objectives.(首先确定你的目标和目的)”中的“goals and objectives”
与下文呼应，符合语境。故选D 项。
5．上文“Use a planning tool.(使用规划工具)”建议使用规划工具，E 选项“It helps you stay organized and
prioritize tasks.(它帮助你保持有条理，并确定任务的优先级)”则说明了使用规划工具的好处，即帮助人们保
持有条理并确定任务优先级，句中“it”指代上文的“a planning tool”。故选E 项。
考点三 考查段中句
设空处在段中，是文中起到承上启下作用的句子。
具体解题步骤如下：
第一步：寻找下句中是否出现人称代词或指示代词，该词与选项存在指代关系。
第二步：瞻前顾后，关注段落小标题。同时重点关注上下句之间的逻辑关系是否存在如例证、解释、递
增、转折等关系，寻找表示逻辑关系的衔接词或过渡词。同时，寻找与上句之间是否出现相同或相似的句
式结构。
第二步：将选项代入设空处，看与上句和下句之间是否符合逻辑。
如何应对段中句的考查
段中设空题通常考查过渡句和细节句。段中句若位于主题句后，很可能是说明原因、举例证明、分述
细化主题、解释前面句中的某个概念等；位于段落中间可能起衔接作用。要重点阅读空前一句和空后一句，
找出它们之间的逻辑关系，或者根据意义的连贯性得出答案。解题时要特别注意体现时间、原因、方式、
转折等逻辑关系的语篇标志词(关联词)。
段中设空题：
①细节句：设空位于段中，首先阅读选项并画出关键词；然后重点阅读设空处的前一句和后一句，画
出关键词，找出它们之间的逻辑关系或根据意义的连贯性得出答案；阅读各个选项，标记关键词；比较匹
配关键词，确定答案；利用词汇复现找到答案；利用表并列、转折、递进和因果的关系的关联词找到答案。
②过渡句：阅读空处前后内容，挖掘内在的逻辑关系；阅读各个选项，标记表示转折、并列、递进或
因果关系的关联词；注意词汇复现：同源词、同义词、近义词或反义词复现，不同时态形式的动词等。
段中设空考查逻辑关系
段中设空主要考查上下文的逻辑关系。有时会出现下列衔接词汇或短语结构: first, second, then, next, later,
soon, so, but, however, additionally, what’s more, that is, namely, in other words, for one thing. . . for another 等, 这
些词汇和短语结构在文章中起到提示逻辑关系的作用,是解题时需要重点关注的部分。考生应对常用的逻辑
关系了然于心，并在阅读时能有效地找出关键信息。常考逻辑关系如下，
①总分关系：指选项是中心句；
②并列关系：指选项与前句或后句在结构或内容上一致；
③递进关系：指后句对前句进行补充说明或语义上的延伸；
④转折关系；指选项与前句或后句语义相反或相对，后句往往是对前句的修正，表达作者的真正意图；
⑤例证关系：指后句是前句的具体实例。
⑥概括阐释：指前句对后句或后句对前句进行归纳概括，若前句归纳，后句即是对前句的具体阐释，使得
概念更加清晰易懂；若后句概括，即后句是对前句所阐释的内容进行意义整合；
⑦因果关系：指选项与前后句构成因果关系。
（2025•浙江新高考卷·阅读填空节选）
Don’t use ten words when one will do.
Even the most engaged and committed audience will eventually get bored. Keeping your message simple and
clear will make it easier for people to understand. 38 However, they’re hearing it for the first time. Keep
it simple.
A．Be patient.
B．Get the audience involved.
C．The best messages are often simple.
D．Speak directly to what matters to them.
E．You may be surprised by what your listeners offer.
F．It will also give them a handy record to refer back to.
G．As the speaker, you already know what you’re going to say.
【思维过程】
●38 空为段中句。
●看段中句38 空下文的内容→ However, they’re hearing it for the first time.(然而，他们是第一次听到这
些)→上句和这个句子内容构成转折关系→G．As the speaker, you already know what you’re going to say.→for
the first time 与already→表现出了转折关系
●故选G
1.（2026·广东省（石门中学、南海中学、珠海一中等）部分学校高三上学期开学综合能力测试）
Not long after new college students have chosen the right college, they are asked to declare an academic
major. Faced with such an important decision, what should a college student do?
1
However, rest assured
that you can use the following strategies to select the right major and sustain your motivation when the going gets
tough.
Creating a career plan is one of the ways that students can boost their chances of success in their chosen
majors. When making the plan, you should reflect on your beliefs about work, your interest in various academic
subjects and your abilities.
2
Then, identify a specific career and outline the steps that you will have to
take that will help prepare you for that career.
It is also important to do your research about the job that you are interested in pursuing, as well as any
related jobs. Some college students drop out of their selected majors because they have become bored with the
academic area they have chosen.
3
To avoid these sorts of outcomes, ask yourself which aspects of the
job you could see yourself enjoying, as well as the parts of the job that you think you might dislike. It will save you
a good deal of time and energy by initially choosing a major that is in line with your interests and abilities.
4
It may come as a surprise when you are presented with difficult material during your first term at
college. Students who were at the top of their class may be particularly shocked when they receive their first low
grade on an exam. You should not assume, however, that you have made the wrong choice of academic major
simply because you performed poorly on one test.
5
With the right mindset and strategies, you can turn your major into a fulfilling path toward your future
career.
A．It's easy to give in to fear, hesitation, or worry.
B．Even with thorough preparation, you would still face challenges.
C．Actually, for some college students, this decision is easy to make.
D．Use your reflections to guide you as you search for desirable careers.
E．Hold on to the confidence that guided you to select your major in the first place.
F．Or they may find themselves more attracted to a different academic major altogether.
G．Therefore, we should read relevant books on our chosen major before starting college.
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．F 4．B 5．E
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要为大学生如何选择合适的专业并在面对困难时保持动力提供策略，包括
制定职业规划、研究感兴趣的工作以及正确面对困难等。
1．根据上文“Faced with such an important decision, what should a college student do?(面对如此重要的决定，
大学生应该怎么做？)” 以及 “However, rest assured that you can use the following strategies to select the right
major and sustain your motivation when the going gets tough.(然而，请放心，你可以使用以下策略来选择合适
的专业，并在遇到困难时保持动力)” 可知，面对选专业的重要决定，学生容易有不好的情绪，与后文形成
转折。A 选项 “人们很容易陷入恐惧、犹豫或担忧之中” 符合语境，故选A。
2．根据上文 “When making the plan, you should reflect on your beliefs about work, your interest in various
academic subjects and your abilities.(制定计划时，你应该反思自己对工作的信念、对各种学术科目的兴趣以
及自己的能力)” 可知，此处应说明这些反思的作用，D 选项 “在你寻找理想职业时，用你的反思来指导
你” 符合语境，故选D。
3．根据上文 “Some college students drop out of their selected majors because they have become bored with the
academic area they have chosen.(一些大学生退出他们所选的专业，因为他们对自己选择的学术领域感到厌
烦)” 可知，此处应继续阐述学生在专业选择上出现的问题，F 选项 “或者他们可能会发现自己完全被另
一个不同的专业所吸引” 符合语境，故选F。
4．根据下文“It may come as a surprise when you are presented with difficult material during your first term at
college.(当你在大学第一学期遇到困难的学习内容时，可能会感到惊讶)” 可知，即使做好准备也会面临挑
战，B 选项 “即使有充分的准备，你仍然会面临挑战” 符合语境，引出后文关于大学学习中面临困难的
内容，故选B。
5．根据上文“You should not assume, however, that you have made the wrong choice of academic major simply
because you performed poorly on one test.(然而，你不应该仅仅因为一次考试成绩不好就认为自己选错了专
业)” 可知，此处应说明面对这种情况应有的态度，E 选项 “坚持最初引导你选择专业的那份自信” 符合
语境，要保持自信，故选E。
2.（2026·广东省湛江市湛江市八校联考高三上学期8 月月考）
The Unexpected Key to Boosting Our Productivity
Sometimes we may wonder if we were a machine, we’d never let things fall through the cracks, and we
wouldn’t forget things.
1
It gets in the way of our productivity because it makes us blind to the roots of our
actual problems.
So what is underneath our productivity problems?
2
Our productivity depends on our feelings, not
new tools. Understanding how our feelings affect us can open up freedom to make progress and finally improve our
productivity. So how?
3
That means recognizing and working with our emotions. But usually no matter what the issue is,
we easily ignore it and hope that it goes away rather than to admit something is wrong. What we forget is that our
emotions have great impacts on our actions. The most productive people need to have regular practices to maintain
that awareness.
Once we are aware of the problem, the next step is observing. Though difficult, observing without judgment
counts most. For example, when our inbox (收件箱) is messy, we just see it with little judgment.
4
Avoid
feeling anxious, as it prevents us from addressing the root issue.
Finally, try to address our emotions. It is the most effective way to help us be productive daily. A one-touch
email strategy or checking the email twice a day may do a bit, but none of these really solve the problem
completely. Actually we are able to use our own desire that we can’t let people down to help us get through our
inbox.
5
A．ignore our emotions.
B．Awareness is the first step.
C．Identify what causes the mess.
D．We are not machines but emotional beings.
E．But the idea of being a machine is actually a trap.
F．One day, we’ll find that we’ve finished handling all in it.
G．Sometimes, working like a machine is effective and useful.
【答案】1．E 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．F
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章指出“把自己当机器能提升效率”是误区，效率问题根源在于忽视情绪，
提出通过“察觉情绪、客观观察、处理情绪”三步，借助情绪助力日常效率提升。
1．根据上文“Sometimes we may wonder if we were a machine, we’d never let things fall through the cracks,
and we wouldn’t forget things.(有时我们会想，如果我们是机器的话，就不会让任何事情遗漏掉，也不会忘
记任何事情)”以及后文“It gets in the way of our productivity because it makes us blind to the roots of our actual
problems.(这会妨碍我们的工作效率，因为它使我们无法看清实际问题的根源)”可知，前文提出“若我们是
机器，就不会遗漏、忘记事情”的想法，后文转折指出“这会阻碍效率，让我们忽视实际问题根源”。本
句承接前文“机器”的假设，同时引出后文的负面效果，故E 选项“但把自己当成机器的想法实际上是一
个陷阱”符合语境，故选E。
2．根据上文“So what is underneath our productivity problems?(那么，造成我们生产力低下的根本原因是什
么呢？)”以及后文“Our productivity depends on our feelings, not new tools. Understanding how our feelings
affect us can open up freedom to make progress and finally improve our productivity. So how?(我们的工作效率取
决于我们的感受，而非新的工具。了解我们的感受如何影响我们，能够让我们获得自由，从而推动进步并
最终提高我们的工作效率。那么，这是怎么回事呢？)”可知，问题询问生产力问题的根源，后文强调情感
而非工具的作用。故D 选项“我们并非机器，而是充满情感的生命体”点明核心原因，符合语境，故选
D。
3．根据后文“That means recognizing and working with our emotions. But usually no matter what the issue is,
we easily ignore it and hope that it goes away rather than to admit something is wrong. What we forget is that our
emotions have great impacts on our actions. The most productive people need to have regular practices to maintain
that awareness.(这意味着要正视并处理我们的情绪。但通常情况下，无论问题是什么，我们都会轻易地忽视
它，希望它自行消失，而不是承认存在问题。我们所忽略的是，我们的情绪会对我们的行为产生重大影响。
最高效的人需要有规律地进行练习来保持这种意识)”可知，后文提到“这意味着识别并处理情绪”“高效
的人需要定期练习以保持这种意识”，“this”指代前文的“第一步”。本句作为段落主旨，引出“识别情
绪” 的具体做法，符合“如何通过情绪提升效率”的行文逻辑。故B 选项“意识是第一步”符合语境，
故选B。
4．根据上文“Once we are aware of the problem, the next step is observing. Though difficult, observing without
judgment counts most. For example, when our inbox (收件箱) is messy, we just see it with little judgment.(一旦我
们意识到问题所在，接下来的步骤就是观察。尽管这很困难，但不带评判地进行观察最为重要。例如，当
我们的收件箱杂乱无章时，我们只是几乎不加评判地观察它)”以及后文“Avoid feeling anxious, as it prevents
us from addressing the root issue.(避免产生焦虑情绪，因为这种情绪会妨碍我们解决根本问题)”可知，前文
举例“收件箱混乱时，不带评判地观察”，后文强调“避免焦虑，以免忽视根源”。本句承接“观察混
乱”的动作，指向“解决根源”的下一步，与“不焦虑、抓根源”的建议呼应，故C 选项“找出造成混乱
的原因”符合语境，故选C。
5．根据上文“Finally, try to address our emotions. It is the most effective way to help us be productive daily. A
one-touch email strategy or checking the email twice a day may do a bit, but none of these really solve the problem
completely. Actually we are able to use our own desire that we can’t let people down to help us get through our
inbox.(最后，试着去处理我们的情绪。这是帮助我们每天保持高效工作的最有效方法。一键式邮件策略或
每天查看两次邮件可能会有一点效果，但这些都不能完全解决问题。实际上，我们可以通过自己不想让他
人失望的这种内在动力来帮助自己处理好收件箱里的邮件)”可知，前文提到“利用‘不想让别人失望’的
意愿来处理收件箱”，本句是对这一方法效果的正面预期，承接前文 “解决情绪问题以提升效率” 的核
心，故F 选项“有一天，我们会发现我们已经处理完了其中的一切”符合语境，故选F。
考点四 考查段尾句
段尾句通常具有，应当注意选项中是否出现表示结果、结论、总结等的信息词。有时，段尾句和段首
句呈现出首尾呼应的现象，也是检查选项的一个重要参考。
如何应对段尾句考查
1．细节句：①与上文是转折或对比关系；②与上文是并列或递进关系。
2．总结句：用于总结本段内容，常含有总结性的词语，如therefore、 as a result、 thus、 to sum up、
to conclude、 in a word 等。
3．段落过渡句：此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容连贯起来。
段尾设空的题多为总结本段内容，偶有起承上启下的作用。即要么是结论句，要么就是承上启下句。
题型和考查角度：
①结论句：用于总结本段内容，常含有总结性的词语。
②承上启下句：此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容连贯起来。
③细节句：空前一句或两句是重点语句，应该重点阅读；锁定空前重点语句中的高频词汇和体现逻辑
关系的关联词；寻找选项中是否有表逻辑关系的关联词；寻找选项中是否有与上文相同或相似的句式结构。
④过渡句：瞻前顾后找线索；阅读上一段的结尾，结合下一段的开头，留意衔接词和关键词；注意所
选答案是否衔接上下段内容；阅读空前段落内容，抓住主旨，总结空前的内容，并利用词汇复现等技巧选
出正确答案。
(2024 新课标II 卷第37 题)
●Choose mindfully. Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online
posts featuring the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape,
culture or food deeply draws you. 37
A. Visit during off-peak times.
B. So, should we stop traveling?
C. Travel for you and no one else.
D. Can overtourism be avoided then?
E. You can still find relatively undiscovered places.
F. You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it.
G. Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting.
【思维过程】
●37 空为段尾句。
●看段尾句37 空上文的内容→Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many
online posts featuring the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the
landscape, culture or food deeply draws you.→①Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason ②only when
the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you→不要跟风旅游→C. Travel for you and no one else.
●故选C
（2026·北京市丰台区高三上学期开学）
Emotions interfere with our decision-making, or at least that is the thinking: emotional people seem to do
irrational things. A person full of anger might commit a crime of passion. A man in love may do things that
compromise his well-being. Surely, this is evidence against emotion’s rationality (理性).
1
Emotions are
not only compatible (相容的) with rationality, they can also help us make better choices.
Baba Shiv, professor of marketing at Stanford University, writes that “if emotions were irrelevant, we would
have evolved very differently”. Since we have emotions, we must wonder why and how they help us, instead of
trying to eliminate them.
2
The truth is that emotions and reason are not in conflict. Emotions are rational. They involve judgements.
For example, being angry involves judging that a wrongdoing has occurred. That is a rational activity. Emotions
also contribute to our understanding.
3
But emotions also give us a reason to act. Fear, for example, gives
us a reason to escape a situation. Anticipation of regret provides a reason to avoid excessive risk-taking.
Emotions can also help with decision-making. According to Shiv, the emotional brain makes lightning-fast
assessments based on past experiences, perceptions of the situation, and other factors that support our instincts.
This enables efficient choices.
4
Can we do anything to prevent our emotions from negatively impacting our decision-making: Seo
believes so, suggesting ways to reduce the unwanted effects of emotions on our decision-making. For example, if
sadness makes us make poor decisions with our money by being reckless ( 鲁莽的) about spending, we might
replace it with gratitude. This feeling might help us make a better, more moderate decision.
Humans have reason and emotions.
5
It also prevents us from using our emotions to help us make
better decisions. Fortunately, we can choose differently.
A．Nevertheless, any situation can still go wrong.
B．But this line of thinking couldn’t be more wrong.
C．Discounting one for the sake of the other denies our humanity.
D．One answer is that emotions aid in rationality and decision-making.
E．For example, emotions can change decisions by generating reactions in others.
F．They motivate us to inquire about our own beliefs and help us to perceive the world differently.
G．It’s why we should warn people about emotions, tell them to calm down before making decisions.
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．F 4．A 5．C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章先反驳“情绪干扰决策、缺乏理性”的观点，指出情绪与理性相容且助决
策，还引学者观点说明其作用，提及应对情绪负面影响的方法，强调不应否定情绪或理性。
1．根据上文“Emotions interfere with our decision-making, or at least that is the thinking: emotional people seem
to do irrational things. A person full of anger might commit a crime of passion. A man in love may do things that
compromise his well-being. Surely, this is evidence against emotion’s rationality (理性). (情绪会干扰我们的决策
过程，至少这是人们的一种看法：情绪化的人往往会做出一些不理智的行为。一个满心愤怒的人可能会因
一时冲动而犯罪。一个陷入爱河的人可能会做出损害自身利益的事情。显然，这证明了情绪并非完全具有
理性)”以及下文“Emotions are not only compatible (相容的) with rationality, they can also help us make better
choices. (情绪不仅与理性相兼容，而且还能帮助我们做出更明智的选择)”可知，上文提出“情绪干扰决策、
缺乏理性”的传统观点，下文转折指出“情绪与理性相容，还能帮我们做更好选择”。本句与上文构成转
折，指出这一思维方式的错误。故B 选项“但这种思维方式完全错误”承上启下，符合语境，故选B。
2．根据上文“Baba Shiv, professor of marketing at Stanford University, writes that “if emotions were irrelevant,
we would have evolved very differently”. Since we have emotions, we must wonder why and how they help us,
instead of trying to eliminate them. (斯坦福大学市场营销学教授巴巴·希夫写道：“如果情感无关紧要，那么
我们的进化过程将会大不相同。”既然我们拥有情感，我们就应该思考其存在的原因以及它如何帮助我们，
而不能一味地试图消除它们)”可知，上文提出“既然人类有情绪，应探究其为何及如何帮助我们”，本句
直接回应上文的“为何帮助”，为情绪的作用提供解释。故D 选项“一种答案是，情绪有助于理性思考和
决策”符合语境，故选D。
3．根据上文“The truth is that emotions and reason are not in conflict. Emotions are rational. They involve
judgements. For example, being angry involves judging that a wrongdoing has occurred. That is a rational activity.
Emotions also contribute to our understanding. (事实是，情感与理性并非相互冲突。情感是理性的。它们包含
着判断。例如，生气就涉及对某种不当行为发生的判断。这是一种理性的行为。情感也有助于我们理解事
物)”以及下文“But emotions also give us a reason to act. Fear, for example, gives us a reason to escape a
situation. Anticipation of regret provides a reason to avoid excessive risk-taking. (但情绪也促使我们采取行动。
例如，恐惧会让我们有理由逃离某种状况。对后悔的预期则会促使我们避免过度冒险)”可知，上文强调
“情绪有助于理解”，下文以“但情绪也给我们行动的理由”转折，说明情绪的另一作用。本句承接“有
助于理解”，具体阐述情绪对认知理解的作用，故F 选项“它们促使我们探究自己的信念，并帮助我们以
不同的方式看待世界”直接举例论证情绪对认知的积极作用，与上文形成例证关系，符合语境，故选F。
4．根据下文“Can we do anything to prevent our emotions from negatively impacting our decision-making: Seo
believes so, suggesting ways to reduce the unwanted effects of emotions on our decision-making. For example, if
sadness makes us make poor decisions with our money by being reckless (鲁莽的) about spending, we might
replace it with gratitude. This feeling might help us make a better, more moderate decision. (我们能否采取措施来
避免情绪对我们的决策产生负面影响呢？塞奥认为可以，他还提出了减少情绪对决策产生不良影响的方法。
例如，如果悲伤让我们在花钱方面做出错误的决定，是因为我们在消费时过于冲动，那么我们或许可以用
感恩来取代这种情绪。这种感觉可能会帮助我们做出更明智、更适度的决策)”可知，上文论述“情绪能帮
助决策”，下文转而提问“如何防止情绪对决策产生负面影响”，体现从“情绪的积极作用”到 “应对
情绪消极影响”的过渡。本句引出情绪可能带来的问题，为下文的应对方法做铺垫，故A 选项“不过，任
何情况仍有可能出错”承上启下，符合语境，故选A。
5．根据上文“Humans have reason and emotions. (人类既有理性，也有情感)”以及下文“It also prevents us
from using our emotions to help us make better decisions. Fortunately, we can choose differently. (这还使得我们
无法凭借自身的情感来帮助自己做出更明智的决定。幸运的是，我们能够做出不同的选择)”可知，上文指
出“人类既有理性也有情绪”，下文“也阻止我们利用情绪帮我们做更好决策” 中的“也”提示上文应
提及一种否定情绪或理性的行为。故C 选项“因为为了一个而舍弃另一个，就等于否定了我们的人性”直
接呼应上下文，符合语境，故选C。
（最新模拟试题演练）
1.（2026 届四川省巴中市普通高中2023 级“零诊”考试）
Casting your mind back to your childhood, what do you remember? Sun-drenched days playing on the
beach? Hours with your friends at the park?
1
They spend far more time alone, which often leads to
loneliness. According to a study on children’s behaviour change and emotional well-being, loneliness among
children is on the rise. But there are ways parents can help.
Discover the cause
When children feel that no one really “gets” them, this can be described as emotional loneliness.
2
Whether they’re struggling to make friends, feeling excluded, or going through a big change, validating their
emotions and understanding the root cause can help support them in the right way.
Build their confidence
Loneliness, especially when feeling left out, can trigger self-doubt and cause children to question their self-
worth.
3
Recognizing what they do well helps rebuild their confidence and reinforces a positive self-
image. As their confidence grows, they feel more included and become more willing to engage with others.
4
Obviously, helping children find opportunities to connect with peers is a good way to help them feel less
lonely. Connecting with others through joining a club, starting a new hobby or simply spending more quality time
together as a family can often help with loneliness.
Build a supportive environment
Loneliness lowers self-esteem and increases anxiety or sadness. It isn’t something that disappears overnight
and can’t just be resolved with one conversation. Regular check-ins, showing interest, and reminding them they’re
not alone can make a lasting difference.
5
A．Communicate openly.
B．Encourage socializing.
C．Children should learn how to handle failure.
D．There are many reasons why a child may be lonely.
E．However, today’s children won’t have the same memories.
F．After all, gentle parenting builds confident and connected individuals.
G．It’s vital to remind them of their strengths and celebrate their achievements.
【答案】1．E 2．D 3．G 4．B 5．F
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了如今孩子孤独感增加的现象，并针对此现象给出了家长可以
帮助孩子缓解孤独感的一些方法。
1．上文“Casting your mind back to your childhood, what do you remember? Sun-drenched days playing on the
beach? Hours with your friends at the park? (回想一下你的童年，你还记得什么？在海滩上玩耍的阳光灿烂的
日子？和朋友们在公园里度过的时光？)”通过回忆童年美好时光进行提问，E 选项“However, today’s
children won’t have the same memories.(然而，今天的孩子不会有同样的回忆)”与上文形成转折，指出现在的
孩子情况不同，引出下文“They spend far more time alone, which often leads to loneliness.(他们花更多的时间
独处，这常常导致孤独)”对现在孩子情况的描述，上下文衔接自然。故选E 项。
2．下文“Whether they’re struggling to make friends, feeling excluded, or going through a big change, validating
their emotions and understanding the root cause can help support them in the right way.(无论他们是在努力交朋友，
感到被排斥，还是正在经历巨大的变化，认可他们的情绪并理解根本原因可以帮助他们以正确的方式得到
支持)”列举了孩子感到孤独的多种原因，D 选项“There are many reasons why a child may be lonely.(孩子感
到孤独的原因有很多)”引起下文。故选D 项。
3．上文“Loneliness, especially when feeling left out, can trigger self-doubt and cause children to question their
self-worth.(孤独，尤其是当感到被冷落时，会引发自我怀疑，让孩子质疑自己的价值)”指出孤独会让孩子
质疑自己的价值，G 选项“It’s vital to remind them of their strengths and celebrate their achievements.(务必让
他们认识到自身优势，并为他们的成就喝彩)”针对上文问题提出解决办法，即让孩子认识到自身优势，并
为他们的成就喝彩，上下衔接自然。故选G 项。
4．根据本段内容“Obviously, helping children find opportunities to connect with peers is a good way to help
them feel less lonely. Connecting with others through joining a club, starting a new hobby or simply spending more
quality time together as a family can often help with loneliness.(显然，帮助孩子找到与同龄人联系的机会是帮
助他们减轻孤独感的好方法。通过加入俱乐部、开始一个新的爱好，或者仅仅是作为一家人一起度过更多
美好的时光来与他人建立联系，通常可以帮助缓解孤独感)”可知，本段主要讲述鼓励孩子社交以便缓解孤
独，B 选项“Encourage socializing.(鼓励社交)”概括了本段内容，适合作为本段小标题。故选B 项。
5．上文“Loneliness lowers self-esteem and increases anxiety or sadness. It isn’t something that disappears
overnight and can’t just be resolved with one conversation. Regular check-ins, showing interest, and reminding
them they’re not alone can make a lasting difference.(孤独会降低自尊，增加焦虑或悲伤。它不会在一夜之间
消失，也不能通过一次谈话就解决。定期询问，表现出兴趣，提醒他们并不孤单，这些都能产生持久的影
响)”指出缓解孩子孤独需要持续的努力，F 选项“After all, gentle parenting builds confident and connected
individuals.(毕竟，温和的养育方式能培养出自信和善于交际的孩子)”总结上文，说明温和养育方式的作用，
与上文内容相呼应。故选F 项。
2.（2026·安徽省蚌埠市高三上学期开学考试）
Temperatures are rising, and so are mental health risks
Climate change is increasing heat waves, posing growing threats to health. Extreme heat is becoming a
severe challenge across the U.S. and globally, with forecasts suggesting one of the next five years could be the
hottest on record. 1 Even survivors may face long-term consequences.
How does extreme heat affect the brain? 2 Dehydration (脱水) in high temperatures thickens blood,
making it hard for the heart to supply enough oxygen to the brain. The brain, which uses 20% of the body’s energy,
requires efficient heat release. In hot, damp conditions, sweating fails to cool the body, potentially causing heat
exhaustion or a sudden serious illness, which can lead to nerve-related problems.
Extreme heat also worsens mental health: conditions like depression and anxiety become worse. 3
Furthermore, the medicines used to treat the mental illness and sleeplessness also appear to increase mental health
weakness to heat.
4 Those with existing mental health disorders are weakest. Older adults face accelerated serious
mental illness that affects memory. Homeless individuals and outdoor workers such as farmers are particularly at
risk, as they often lack access to cooling resources.
Action is urgent. Most heat health plans ignore mental health. 5 These can include public awareness
campaigns, such as warning people about the mental health risk of consuming alcohol or other drugs during heat
waves. Other interventions include establishing community cooling shelters for heat emergencies and increasing
monitoring of mental health patients during heat waves. Only through comprehensive strategies can we reduce the
mental health impacts of extreme heat.
A．Who is most at risk?
B．The human body works best when at 37℃.
C．How to identify those in danger during heat waves?
D．It disturbs sleep, which further harms one’s ability to think.
E．So mental health steps must be added to these heat response plans.
F．Heat waves cause 1,300 U. S. deaths yearly from heat-related issues.
G．Research is needed to better understand health outcomes of a warmer world.
【答案】1．F 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．E
【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了气温上升与心理健康风险增加之间的关联，阐述了极端高温对大脑
及心理健康的影响、易受影响的人群以及应对措施。
1．上文“Extreme heat is becoming a severe challenge across the U.S. and globally, with forecasts suggesting one
of the next five years could be the hottest on record. (极端高温正在成为美国乃至全球面临的严峻挑战，预测显
示，未来五年中的某一年可能是有记录以来最热的一年)”提及极端高温带来严峻挑战，下文“Even
survivors may face long-term consequences. (即使幸存者也可能面临长期后果)”提及幸存者也有长期影响，F
项“热浪每年导致美国1300 人死于与高温相关的问题”，承接上文极端高温的严重性，引出下文幸存者的
情况。故选F。
2．上文“How does extreme heat affect the brain? (极端高温是如何影响大脑的？)”提出极端高温如何影响大
脑的问题，下文“Dehydration (脱水) in high temperatures thickens blood, making it hard for the heart to supply
enough oxygen to the brain. (高温下脱水会使血液变稠，使心脏难以向大脑提供足够的氧气)”开始解释高温
下身体的变化对大脑的影响，B 项“人体在 37 度时工作状态最佳”是从人体适宜温度的角度出发，为后
文解释高温影响大脑做铺垫。故选B。
3．上文“Extreme heat also worsens mental health: conditions like depression and anxiety become worse. (极端
高温还会使心理健康变差：抑郁和焦虑等疾病变得更糟)”说明极端高温会恶化心理健康，D 项“它扰乱睡
眠，进而进一步损害人的思考能力”是对极端高温影响心理健康的进一步阐述。故选D。
4．下文“Those with existing mental health disorders are weakest. Older adults face accelerated serious mental
illness that affects memory. Homeless individuals and outdoor workers such as farmers are particularly at risk... (那
些已有心理健康障碍的人是最虚弱的。老年人面临越发严重的精神疾病，影响他们的记忆力。无家可归者
和农民等户外工作者的风险尤其大……)”说明了存在心理健康问题的人、老年人、无家可归者和户外工作
者等是易受影响的人群，A 项“谁最容易受到影响？”能引出下文对高危人群的说明，符合语境。故选
A。
5．上文“Action is urgent. Most heat health plans ignore mental health. (行动迫在眉睫。大多数高温健康计划
都忽略了心理健康)”指出多数高温健康计划忽视心理健康，下文 “These can include public awareness
campaigns... Other interventions include establishing community cooling shelters... (这些措施可以包括提高公众
意识的活动……其他干预措施包括建立社区降温避难所……)”介绍了应对措施，E 项“所以必须在这些高
温应对计划中加入心理健康措施”承接上文计划的不足，引出下文具体措施。故选E。
3.（2026·山西省太原市某校高三上学期9 月半月考）
If sports are something that interests you, it stands to reason that you would want to be good at them.
However, there are other things you need to think about if you want to be a good sports player.
16 .
It’s a common mistake for young athletes to want to jump into the advanced stuff quickly. This isn’t an
effective way to spend training time. You need a firm basis before you move on to bigger things. If you’re new to a
sport, take as much time as you need to get the basic movements down properly. 17 .
Get enough sleep.
This one should come as obvious. This is especially true during times of intense practice or training, where
things get so busy that it becomes hard to push everything into a regular day. However, your body needs its full
rest. 18 . If you’re an adult, get 7-9 hours of sleep each night.
Set ambitious but realistic goals for yourself.
Setting ambitious goals does not mean being unrealistic, or saying you’re going to go professional within a
year. 19 , and figure out where you think you would like to be. Give yourself a suitable amount of time to
achieve that goal, and break it down into smaller parts if the goal is especially big.
Stay focused on the game.
You won’t get anywhere if you’re worried about something else happening in your life. Life is always
complex, and there may be things in your personal life that are bothering you. However, at least for the course of
the game, you can’t let any of that stuff get to you. 20 . But if winning the game means a lot to you, then
you should keep your eyes on the prize.
A．Put basics first
B．Let yourself have fun
C．It may be easier said than done
D．Instead, you should take a look at what you are
E．This is especially true if you want to be a great coach
F．If you’re a teen, you should sleep 8-10 hours each night
G．It will make advanced skills a lot easier to master in the long run
【答案】16．A 17．G 18．F 19．D 20．C
【解析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了成为优秀运动员需要注意的一些方面。
16．空处为本段的标题，根据下文“It’s a common mistake for young athletes to want to jump into the advanced
stuff quickly. This isn’t an effective way to spend training time. You need a firm basis before you move on to
bigger things.(年轻运动员常常会急于快速学习高级知识，这是一种常见的错误。这种方式并不能有效地利
用训练时间。在继续学习更复杂的内容之前，你需要先打下坚实的基础。)”可知，本段主旨为“注意基
础”，A 选项“把基础工作放在首位”符合本段主旨。故选A。
17．前文“If you’re new to a sport, take as much time as you need to get the basic movements down properly.(如
果你是这项运动的初学者，那么就尽情地花时间去熟练掌握基本动作吧。)”表明应先熟练基础动作，那么，
就能更好地进步，掌握高级技能，G 选项“从长远来看，这将使高级技能的掌握变得更加容易。”符合主
旨，为前后递进关系。故选G。
18．前文“However, your body needs its full rest.(然而，你的身体需要充分的休息。)”表明身体需要充分睡
眠休息，后文“If you’re an adult, get 7-9 hours of sleep each night.(如果你是成年人，每晚应保证7 至9 小时
的睡眠时间。)”表示成年人需要的睡眠时间，F 选项“如果你是青少年，每晚应该睡8 到10 个小时。”则
说明青少年需要的睡眠时间，符合语境。故选F。
19．前文“Setting ambitious goals does not mean being unrealistic, or saying you’re going to go professional
within a year.(设定雄心勃勃的目标并不意味着不切实际，也不意味着你要在一年内成为专业人士。)”说明
设定远大目标应该切合实际，不能好高骛远，后文应表明应如何设立目标，D 选项“相反，你应该审视一
下自己目前的情况”表示应如何设立目标，且与下文“figure out where you think you would like to be(弄清
楚你认为自己想要达到什么样的状态/位置)”逻辑一致，引出真正说明的内容。故选D。
20．前文“However, at least for the course of the game, you can’t let any of that stuff get to you.(然而，至少在
比赛过程中，你不能让那些事情影响到自己。)”表示我们不能让其他事情影响自己，后文“But if winning
the game means a lot to you, then you should keep your eyes on the prize.(但倘若赢得比赛对你来说意义重大，
那么你就应该专注于目标，坚持不懈。)”表示应专注，C 选项“说起来容易做起来难啊。”中It 指代前一
句的内容，表示这是很难的，后文表示如果想要赢得比赛，就一定要专注，符合语境。故选C。
4.（2026·云南省曲靖市罗平县罗平县第二中学高三上学期9 月月考）
Photography is an incredible journey that allows individuals to express their creativity and capture the world
around them. If you want to become a great photographer, here are essential steps that will help you master the art
of taking amazing photos.
Master the basics of your camera
To become a great photographer, mastering the basics of your camera is crucial. Familiarizing yourself with
your camera settings will empower you to take control of your photography. Every photographer must be able to
effectively use their camera’s settings to enhance their creative vision. 1 , you can become a better
photographer, able to take photographs that truly capture the essence of your subject.
Perfect your lighting skills
Natural light is one of the most powerful tools a photographer can employ. 2 . The quality,
direction, and intensity of light can all influence the mood and feel of your photographs. For instance, soft, diffused
light (柔光) during the golden hour can create a magical atmosphere, while bright midday sun can produce clear
shadows.
3
As an essential skill for any modern photographer, learning to use editing programs like Adobe Lightroom
and Photoshop allows you to enhance your images, correct imperfections, and bring your creative vision to life.
4 , from simple adjustments to complicated manipulations (操作). Familiarizing yourself with these programs
is a great way to take your photography to the next level.
Keep practicing and accept constructive feedback
Regular practice is vital for anyone wanting to become a great photographer. The more you shoot, the more
you improve your photography skills and develop your unique style. Embrace the learning process and commit to
practicing consistently. 5 . Take their feedback as a tool for growth, and use it to better your craft and take
your photography to the next level.
A．Learn photo editing for enhancement
B．By learning the what’s and how’s of your camera
C．This technique encourages you to think creatively
D．Learn from mistakes and experiment with new techniques
E．These programs offer a range of features that improve your photography
F．Knowing how to use it effectively dramatically improves your photography
G．Seek out opinions from professionals to gain valuable insights into your work
【答案】1．B 2．F 3．A 4．E 5．G
【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文围绕如何成为优秀摄影师展开，从掌握相机基础、完善用光技巧、学习照
片编辑、坚持练习并接受建设性反馈四个核心方面，介绍了提升摄影水平的关键步骤。
1．上文“To become a great photographer, mastering the basics of your camera is crucial. Familiarizing yourself
with your camera settings will empower you to take control of your photography. Every photographer must be able
to effectively use their camera’s settings to enhance their creative vision.(要成为一名优秀的摄影师，掌握相机的
基础知识至关重要。熟悉相机设置将使你能够掌控自己的摄影创作。每位摄影师都必须能够有效运用相机
设置来提升自己的创作视野)”强调“掌握相机基础和设置”是提升摄影能力的关键前提。选项B“通过了解
相机的相关知识和使用方法”中的“了解相机的相关知识和使用方法”与上文“掌握相机基础、熟悉相机
设置”形成逻辑承接，衔接自然。故选B。
2．上文“Natural light is one of the most powerful tools a photographer can employ.(自然光是摄影师可以运用
的最强大工具之一)”指出自然光的重要性，下文“The quality, direction, and intensity of light can all influence
the mood and feel of your photographs.(光线的质量、方向和强度都会影响照片的氛围和感觉)”进一步阐述光
线的不同维度对照片的影响，中间需补充“如何运用自然光”的过渡内容。 选项F“知道如何有效运用它
能显著提升你的摄影水平”中的“它”指代上文的“自然光”，既承接上文“自然光作为工具”的内容，
又通过“有效运用能提升摄影水平”引出下文“光线如何影响照片”，起到承上启下的作用。故选F。
3．空处为本段小标题，下文“As an essential skill for any modern photographer, learning to use editing
programs like Adobe Lightroom and Photoshop allows you to enhance your images, correct imperfections, and
bring your creative vision to life.(作为现代摄影师的一项必备技能，学习使用Adobe Lightroom 和Photoshop
等编辑软件能让你提升图像质量、修正瑕疵，并将你的创作愿景变为现实)”说明整段内容围绕“学习照片
编辑软件”的重要性和作用展开。 选项 A“学习照片编辑以提升效果”直接点明“学习照片编辑”的主题，
与下文“学习使用编辑软件”的具体内容完全匹配。故选A。
4．上文“As an essential skill for any modern photographer, learning to use editing programs like Adobe
Lightroom and Photoshop allows you to enhance your images, correct imperfections, and bring your creative vision
to life.(作为现代摄影师的一项必备技能，学习使用Adobe Lightroom 和Photoshop 等编辑软件能让你提升图
像质量、修正瑕疵，并将你的创作愿景变为现实)”介绍编辑软件的作用，下文“from simple adjustments to
complicated manipulations (操作).(从简单的调整到复杂的操作)”描述软件操作的范围，中间需补充“软件具
备多种功能”的内容，衔接“作用”与“操作范围”。 选项E“这些软件提供了一系列能提升你摄影水平
的功能”中的“这些软件”指代上文的“编辑软件”，“一系列功能”对应下文“从简单调整到复杂操
作”的范围，逻辑连贯。故选E。
5．下文“Take their feedback as a tool for growth, and use it to better your craft and take your photography to the
next level.(将他们的反馈视为成长的工具，并用它来提升你的技艺，让你的摄影水平更上一层楼)”提到“他
们的反馈”，中间需补充“寻求他人反馈”的内容。 选项G“寻求专业人士的意见，以获取关于你作品的
宝贵见解”中的“专业人士的意见”对应下文“他们的反馈”，“获取宝贵见解”为下文“利用反馈成
长”提供前提，逻辑通顺。故选G。
5.（2026·广西壮族自治区河池市高三上学期9 月月考）
Many of us face a tricky trap on social media: either chase endless likes with constant posting or escape by
ignoring it all. We stress over this forced choice — approval or isolation — as if they can’t mix.
1
Here are
three practical ways to find balance in the digital world.
Focus on genuine connections.
Likes and comments bring short-term excitement, but they fade fast. True connections matter more. When
you share real stories or chat deeply with others, you feel warm inside.
2
So pick activities that make you
feel truly good, like talking about hobbies or helping friends online — no need to care about likes!
3
Peace on social media starts with how you see it. Mindful scrolling (浏览) means noticing nice things — an
inspiring post, a friend’s happy news — without comparing yourself. The colors of a photo or a kind word can
make you smile. You don’t need big tricks.
4
Then you’ll enjoy both: staying connected and feeling
peaceful.
Celebrate small digital joys.
Every little win online — sharing a useful tip, getting a sweet reply — deserves cheers. If you only wait for
lots of followers, you’ll miss daily fun.
5
For example, celebrate finishing a post you care about, not just
hitting a follower goal. Treat yourself to a snack after a nice chat. These turn online time into a happy journey.
A．Try browsing with intention.
B．Chasing likes will make you tired.
C．Just fix your attention on the little joys online.
D．Minor accomplishments in the digital world lift your mood.
E．In fact, mixing work and rest online helps you stay balanced.
F．But our time online doesn’t have to be stuck in this dilemma.
G．That cozy glow from within doesn’t depend on likes or comments.
【答案】1．F 2．G 3．A 4．C 5．D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何在社交媒体中摆脱“追求点赞”与“彻底逃避”的两难困境，
找到数字生活的平衡之道。
1．空前“Many of us face a tricky trap on social media: either chase endless likes with constant posting or escape
by ignoring it all. We stress over this forced choice — approval or isolation — as if they can’t mix.(我们许多人都
深陷社交媒体的棘手陷阱：要么通过不断发帖来追逐无穷无尽的点赞，要么选择彻底逃避、对一切视而不
见。我们为这种被迫的选择而焦虑不已——仿佛认可与孤独无法共存。)”提出社交媒体的两难选择（追求
点赞或完全逃避），并指出人们误以为“认可与孤独不可兼得”。F 选项“But our time online doesn’t have
to be stuck in this dilemma.(但我们的上网时光未必非要困于这种两难境地。)”中的“But”否定极端观点，暗
示存在第三种选择，自然引出后文“三种平衡方法”的总起句“Here are three practical ways to find balance
in the digital world.(以下是在数字世界中寻找平衡的三种实用方法。)”，因此F 选项符合语境。故选F。
2．该段核心观点是空前“True connections matter more.(真正重要的，是真实的联结。)”，空后“So pick
activities that make you feel truly good, like talking about hobbies or helping friends online — no need to care
about likes!(因此，选择那些能让你真正感到愉悦的活动吧，比如谈论兴趣爱好，或是在网上帮助朋友——
无需在意点赞数量！)”建议参与能带来内在满足的活动（如谈论爱好、帮助朋友）。G 选项“That cozy
glow from within doesn’t depend on likes or comments.(那种源自内心的温暖，并不依赖于点赞或评论。)”总
结主题：内心的温暖不依赖外部认可，与后文“无需在意点赞”（no need to care about likes）形成呼应。
故选G。
3．后文“Mindful scrolling (浏览) means noticing nice things — an inspiring post, a friend’s happy news —
without comparing yourself.(有意识地浏览（Mindful scrolling），意味着去关注美好的事物——比如一篇鼓
舞人心的帖子，或是朋友的喜讯——而不与他人比较。)”提到“有意识地浏览社交媒体，关注美好事物而
非自我比较”，核心是主动选择浏览内容。A 选项“Try browsing with intention.(有意识地浏览内容。)”作
为小标题，直接点明“有意图地浏览”，与下文“关注美好事物”逻辑一致。故选A。
4．结合下文“Then you’ll enjoy both: staying connected and feeling peaceful.(然后你会享受两者：保持联系和
感到平静。)”可知，该段讨论如何通过“有意识地浏览”实现社交与内心的平衡。C 选项“Just fix your
attention on the little joys online.(只需将注意力聚焦于网络世界中的小确幸。)”总结结果：通过关注美好事物
（noticing nice things），用户能同时享受社交连接与内心平静，与前文逻辑闭环，因此符合语境。故选
C。
5．该段小标题是“Celebrate small digital joys.(庆祝数字生活中的小确幸。)”和空前“Every little win online
— sharing a useful tip, getting a sweet reply — deserves cheers. If you only wait for lots of followers, you’ll miss
daily fun.(网络上的每一个小成就——分享一条实用建议、收到一条暖心回复——都值得欢呼。如果你只盯
着粉丝数量的增长，就会错过日常的乐趣。)”主张庆祝线上小成就（如分享有用技巧、收到暖心回复），
而非仅关注粉丝数量。D 选项“Minor accomplishment in the digital world lift your mood.(数字世界里的微小
成就，也能让你心情愉悦。)”解释原因：数字世界的小成就能提升情绪，与后文例子（celebrate finishing a
post）紧密衔接，因此D 选项符合语境。故选D。
6.（2026·湖北省宜昌市高三上学期九月起点）
Have you ever heard of the Internet of Things (IoT)? It is a term that has been gaining attention in recent
years. 1 Simply put, the IoT refers to a network of physical devices connected to the internet, enabling
them to collect, share, and act on data. From smart home appliances to wearable fitness trackers, the IoT is
transforming the way we live and work.
The concept of IoT is not as complex as it sounds. 2 Imagine your refrigerator sending you a
notification(通知)when you’re running out of milk, or your smart watch reminding you to stay active after sitting
too long. These devices make everyday tasks easier and more efficient. The IoT relies on sensors, software, and
wireless networks to create this smooth connection.
3 It enhances convenience, saves time, and improves productivity. In industries, IoT technology is
transforming processes. For instance, in agriculture, sensors can monitor soil water levels and help farmers adjust
irrigation. In healthcare, wearable devices can track patients’ vital signs and warn doctors about potential health
issues.
However, the IoT also raises concerns. One major issue is data security. As more devices collect and share
personal information, the risk of data exposure increases. 4 Privacy is another challenge, as users may
not always know how their data is being used. These issues highlight the need for better security measures.
The Internet of Things is shaping a more connected and intelligent world. While it offers many benefits, it
also comes with challenges that need to be addressed. As technology continues to develop, the IoT will likely play
an even greater role in our lives. 5
A．What does it truly refer to?
B．What items might be part of the IoT?
C．The benefits of the IoT are undeniable.
D．It’s more straightforward than you expect.
E．Users often share data freely without realizing its value.
F．Sensitive data can be subject to misuse without adequate safeguards.
G．It is up to us to accept its potential while remaining mindful of its risks.
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．F 5．G
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了物联网（IoT）的定义、应用、优势以及面临的挑战，并指
出其在我们生活中的潜在作用。
1．由上文“Have you ever heard of the Internet of Things (IoT)? It is a term that has been gaining attention in
recent years.(你听说过物联网（IoT）吗？这是一个近年来越来越受到关注的术语。)”和下文“The concept
of IoT is not as complex as it sounds.(物联网的概念并不像听起来那么复杂。)”可知，空格处应提出与“物联
网是什么”相关的疑问，以引出下文的解释。A 选项“What does it truly refer to?(它真正指的是什么？)”能
承接上文，并自然地引出下文对物联网的解释，符合题意。故选A。
2．由上文“The concept of IoT is not as complex as it sounds.(物联网的概念并不像听起来那么复杂。)”可知，
本空应进一步说明物联网概念的简单性。D 选项“It’s more straightforward than you expect.(它比你想象的更
简单。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选D。
3．由下文“It enhances convenience, saves time, and improves productivity. In industries, IoT technology is
transforming processes.(它提高了便利性，节省了时间，提高了生产力。在工业领域，物联网技术正在改变
流程。)”可知，本空应概括物联网的优势。C 选项“The benefits of the IoT are undeniable.(物联网的优势是
不可否认的。)”能概括下文内容，符合题意。故选C。
4．由上文“One major issue is data security. As more devices collect and share personal information, the risk of
data exposure increases.(一个主要问题是数据安全。随着越来越多的设备收集和共享个人信息，数据泄露的
风险也在增加。)”可知，本空应进一步说明数据安全问题的严重性。F 选项“Sensitive data can be subject to
misuse without adequate safeguards.(如果没有足够的安全措施，敏感数据可能会被滥用。)”能承接上文，符
合题意。故选F。
5．由上文“As technology continues to develop, the IoT will likely play an even greater role in our lives.(随着技
术的不断发展，物联网可能会在我们的生活中发挥更大的作用。)”可知，本空应总结全文，并指出我们对
物联网应有的态度。G 选项“It is up to us to accept its potential while remaining mindful of its risks.(我们应该
接受它的潜力，同时注意它的风险。)”能够很好地总结全文，符合题意。故选G。
7.（2026·湖北省楚天协作体高三上学期开学）
Sometimes, everything seems to go wrong. You’re passed over for a job. Your back aches. Your zipper breaks.
Faced with setbacks large and small, you begin to wonder if you’re just an unlucky person. Why does it seem like
you can never catch a break?
1
What Is Luck?
People define luck in three ways, according to Jacqueline Woolley. First, we often use the term luck as
synonymous with ‘chance’. Another way to frame luck is “as a supernatural force that exists in the universe”, she
says.
2
Some people believe it also can be harnessed, with a ritual or charm. Third, it can be thought of
as a personal trait that you’re born with. But does it exist? Richard Wiseman believes that considering yourself
lucky or unlucky is “a way of seeing yourself, which then has impact on how you think.
3
Vik Loveday interviewed 44 academic employees who were on temporary contracts. He found they would
attribute good news concerning their careers to luck, because they believed it happened almost by accident.
Professor Woolley also has looked at this idea in children. Between the ages four and eight, they are exposed to the
concept of luck mostly through family and books. By age eight to ten, however, they start to get skeptical. They’ve
begun to notice that, “when they wish for something, it doesn’t happen, ” she says.
4
For example,
Michael Jordan had to wear his college practice shorts under his NBA uniform.
How To Think About Luck?
After studying people who consider themselves lucky or unlucky, Professor Wiseman has found that the
‘lucky’ ones maximize chance opportunities and dare to follow their intuition to grasp those moments. Lucky
people also expect good fortune and can transform bad experiences to good. To improve your luck, you can keep a
‘luck diary’. Spend about 30 seconds writing down a positive thing that’s happened each day.
5
Take a
different route when walking, watch a different TV programme and speak to different people.
A．Why Is Luck At Play?
B．What Is The Role Of Luck?
C．Also, don’t be a creature of habit.
D．Write down small changes you make in life.
E．It may touch on different people at different times.
F．There are three experts to help you improve your outlook
G．Still, this doesn’t stop the belief from persisting into adulthood.
【答案】1．F 2．E 3．B 4．G 5．C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了“运气”的概念、人们对运气的看法以及如何改变对运气的
思考方式。
1．根据上文“Faced with setbacks large and small, you begin to wonder if you’re just an unlucky person. Why
does it seem like you can never catch a break? (面对大大小小的挫折，你开始怀疑自己是否只是一个不幸的人。
为什么你好像永远都不能得到转机？)”可知人们遇到各种不顺，怀疑自己运气不好，后面开始介绍不同专
家对运气的看法，F 选项“有三位专家来帮助你改善看法。”起到承上启下的作用，符合题意。故选F。
2．上文“Another way to frame luck is “as a supernatural force that exists in the universe”, she says. (她说，另一
种定义运气的方式是“宇宙中存在的一种超自然力量”。)”提到运气被定义为超自然力量，下文“Some
people believe it also can be harnessed, with a ritual or charm. (有些人认为它也可以被利用，通过仪式或符
咒。)”说有人认为它能被利用，所以E 选项“它可能在不同的时间触及到不同的人。”能够很好地衔接上
下文，说明这种超自然力量的特点。故选E。
3．设空处为本段的小标题，下文“Vik Loveday interviewed 44 academic employees who were on temporary
contracts. He found they would attribute good news concerning their careers to luck, because they believed it
happened almost by accident. Professor Woolley also has looked at this idea in children. Between the ages four and
eight, they are exposed to the concept of luck mostly through family and books. By age eight to ten, however, they
start to get skeptical. They’ve begun to notice that, “when they wish for something, it doesn’t happen, ” she says.
(维克·洛夫迪采访了44 名签订临时合同的学术人员。他发现，他们会把事业上的好消息归因于运气，因为
他们相信这几乎是偶然发生的。伍利教授也在儿童中研究了这一观点。在4 到8 岁之间，他们主要是通过
家庭和书籍接触到运气的概念。然而，在八到十岁的时候，他们开始怀疑。她说，他们已经开始注意到，
“当他们想要什么东西时，它不会发生。”)”说明人们把职业上的好消息归因于运气，阐述了运气在人们
生活中的作用，B 选项“运气的作用是什么？”符合语境，适合作小标题。故选B。
4．上文“By age eight to ten, however, they start to get skeptical. They’ve begun to notice that, “when they wish
for something, it doesn’t happen, ” she says. (然而，在八到十岁的时候，他们开始怀疑。她说，他们已经开始
注意到，“当他们想要什么东西时，它不会发生。”)”提到8-10 岁开始对运气持怀疑态度，下文“For
example, Michael Jordan had to wear his college practice shorts under his NBA uniform. (例如，迈克尔·乔丹不
得不在他的NBA 制服里面穿他的大学训练短裤。)”举例说明像迈克尔
乔丹这样的成年人还有对运气相关
・
的信念，G 选项“然而，这并不能阻止这种信念持续到成年。”可以连接前后内容。故选G。
5．根据下文“Take a different route when walking, watch a different TV programme and speak to different
people. (每天花30 秒写下一件积极的事情。步行时走不同的路线，看不同的电视节目，和不同的人说
话。)”可知提到走路走不同路线、看不同电视节目、和不同人说话，这些都是改变习惯的做法，C 选项
“另外，不要成为习惯的产物。” 与之呼应。故选C。
8.（2026·山西省朔州市怀仁市第一中学校高三上学期摸底）
Do you remember when someone would be cruel to you at school and you would come home crying? Your
parents probably told you that “what they think doesn’t matter — it’s what you think that counts.”
1
How
can you be happy if you don’t like who you are? Here are some ways to change your self-perception and boost your
happiness.
Identify what matters to you.
First, ask yourself what’s important to you. We all have traits (特点) we value and talents we pride ourselves
on.
2
If creativity and art are your strengths, emphasize them. It shouldn’t matter if you lack confidence
or are overweight as long as you have something to be proud of. Finding your purpose makes minor issues seem
less significant.
3
Your current self is a stepping stone to becoming who you want to be. For instance, if you’re unhappy with
your career, think about a job that would make you happy and how to achieve it. Remember, many successful
people didn’t achieve greatness until later in life; it’s never too late to pursue your dreams.
4
List your positive traits and achievements.
Before aiming for self-improvement, recognize your virtues. Sit down and write ten things you like about
yourself and ten achievements you’re proud of. Everyone can come up with at least ten items.
Find role models.
5
To overcome this, find role models who share similar traits but succeed despite challenges.
Seeing how others maximize their strengths can inspire you to do the same, boosting your self-respect.
By focusing on what truly matters, you can improve your self-respect and overall happiness.
A．Focus on these positive aspects.
B．Acknowledge you can change and grow.
C．But what if the criticism comes from within?
D．The journey itself matters more than the destination.
E．How do you go about changing the way you feel about others?
F．Reflect on your friends and family members who love you for who you are.
G．We often compare ourselves unfavourably to others, especially those in the media.
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．G
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了如何通过改变自我认知来提升个人的幸福感。
1．根据前文“Do you remember when someone would be cruel to you at school and you would come home
crying? Your parents probably told you that “what they think doesn’t matter — it’s what you think that counts.” (你
还记得在学校有人对你很残忍，你哭着回家吗？你的父母可能会告诉你：‘他们怎么想并不重要，重要的
是你怎么想。’)”提到别人对你残忍时父母的安慰话语，以及后文“How can you be happy if you don’t like
who you are?(如果你不喜欢你自己，你怎么能快乐呢？)”说如果不喜欢自己怎么能快乐呢，C 选项“But
what if the criticism comes from within?( 但如果批评来自内心呢？)”起到了承上启下的作用，引出关于自我
认知和自我接纳的讨论，符合语境。故选C 项。
2．根据前文“We all have traits we value and talents we pride ourselves on.( 我们都有自己珍视的特质和引以
为傲的才能。)”可知，这句话鼓励人们关注自己的价值和才能。紧接着应该强调专注于这些积极的方面，
以强化正面的自我认知。A 项“Focus on these positive aspects.(关注这些积极的方面。)”与前文内容紧密相
连，进一步强调了积极特质的重要性，有助于建立积极的自我形象，符合文章提升自我认同感和幸福感的
主题。故选A 项。
3．根据后文“Your current self is a stepping stone to becoming who you want to be.(你现在的自己是成为你想
成为的人的垫脚石。)”这句话说明了当前的状态是未来理想自我的基础，暗示了个人具有成长和改变的潜
力。因此，这里需要承认个人可以改变和成长的观点。B 项“Acknowledge you can change and grow.(承认你
可以改变和成长。)”与后文的成长和改变主题直接相关。故选B 项。
4．根据前文“Remember, many successful people didn’t achieve greatness until later in life; it’s never too late to
pursue your dreams.(记住，许多成功人士直到较晚的时候才取得伟大成就；追求你的梦想永远不会太晚。)”
这句话强调了成功是一个过程，而不是一个终点。因此，这里应该强调过程的重要性，而不仅仅是目标的
实现。D 项“The journey itself matters more than the destination.(旅程本身比目的地更重要。)”与前文的成功
过程论相呼应。故选D 项。
5．根据后文“To overcome this, find role models who share similar traits but succeed despite challenges.( 为了
克服这一点，寻找具有相似特征但在挑战中成功的榜样。)”这句话暗示了存在某种需要克服的不利比较或
自我怀疑，因此，这里应该指出人们常常不利地将自己与他人，尤其是媒体中的人物进行比较的问题。G
项“We often compare ourselves unfavourably to others, especially those in the media.(我们经常拿自己和别人作
不利的比叫，尤其是和媒体中的人比。)”为后续寻找榜样以克服这种心态的建议提供了背景。故选G 项。
9.（2026·广西部分学校高三上学期开学）
Have you had trouble concentrating on tasks or getting things done? Here are four helpful ways to improve
your focus and help you reach the finish line.
Take a deep breath
1
. When you’re stressed, your attention narrows. The fight-or-flight response starts working. Your heart
beats a little faster, and you might get a little sweaty because you’re anxious. So if something requires your full
attention, take a breath and calm your body down. It is your body’s response to that stress that’s causing the
limitation in attention.
Allow your mind to wander
If you are finding it hard to focus, take a break and allow your mind to wander into what’s called the default
mode (默认模式) network.
2
. It’s the place where our minds find innovation and creativity and often
make better decisions than the focused mind. Get yourself there with something called positive constructive
daydreaming. Try traveling with your mind to someplace enjoyable — maybe it’s a walk through an imaginary
forest or sunbathing on a warm, sandy beach. Free your mind for about 20 minutes of this fun and watch what
happens.
3
You should set some limitations if you often find yourself wasting time on social media, and it’s making you
feel stressed and ashamed. Try turning off push notifications (推送通知) and removing social media apps from
your phone to create natural obstacles to accessing them.
4
.
Remember your time is precious
Think about all the people and things you consider most important — your friends and your hobbies.
5
. Are the lists the same? Do you keep putting off learning to play a new song because social media won’t stop
drawing your attention? If you’re just giving away the only precious thing you have, make sure you spend it wisely.
A．This is where magic happens
B．Pick what you currently have
C．Stress can affect your ability to focus
D．Get rid of what takes your attention away
E．If they’re not enough, use some tools to help you
F．Only in this way can you fix your mind on something creative
G．Then think about who and what you actually spend your time on
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．E 5．G
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四种有助于提高专注力的方法，包括深呼吸、允许思绪漫游、摆
脱干扰以及牢记时间的珍贵，帮助人们更好地完成任务。
1．根据本段小标题“Take a deep breath (深呼吸)”以及空后的“When you’re stressed, your attention narrows.
The fight-or-flight response starts working. Your heart beats a little faster, and you might get a little sweaty because
you’re anxious. (当你感到压力时，你的注意力范围会缩小。“战斗或逃跑”反应开始起作用：你的心跳会
稍快一些，由于焦虑，你可能还会微微出汗。)”可知，压力对专注力有影响。C 选项“Stress can affect your
ability to focus (压力会影响你的专注力)”中的“stress”与空后内容相呼应，点明了本段主旨，符合语境。故
选C 项。
2．根据空前的“If you are finding it hard to focus, take a break and allow your mind to wander into what’s called
the default mode (默认模式) network. (如果你发现很难集中注意力，休息一下，让你的思绪漫游到所谓的默
认模式网络中。)”以及空后的“It’s the place where our minds find innovation and creativity and often make
better decisions than the focused mind. (在这个地方，我们的大脑能找到创新和创造力，而且往往能做出比专
注时更好的决定。)”可知，此处应说明默认模式网络是产生奇妙效果的地方。A 选项“This is where magic
happens (这就是奇迹发生的地方)”中的“This”指代前文的“default mode network”，且与空后对其作用的描
述相呼应，符合语境。故选A 项。
3．分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的小标题，与其他段落相同，应为祈使句，根据空后的“You should set
some limitations if you often find yourself wasting time on social media, and it’s making you feel stressed and
ashamed. Try turning off push notifications (推送通知) and removing social media apps from your phone to create
natural obstacles to accessing them. (如果你经常发现自己在社交媒体上浪费时间，且这让你感到焦虑不安和
愧疚，就应该设定一些限制。试着关闭推送通知，并将社交媒体应用从手机上删除，以此为访问它们设置
一些自然的障碍。)”可知，本段讲述的内容与摆脱干扰注意力的事物相关。D 选项“Get rid of what takes
your attention away (摆脱那些分散你注意力的东西)”为祈使句，且能概括本段主题，适合作本段小标题。故
选D 项。
4．根据空前的“Try turning off push notifications (推送通知) and removing social media apps from your phone
to create natural obstacles to accessing them. (试着关闭推送通知，把社交媒体应用从手机上删除，为访问它
们设置自然障碍。)”可知，此处应说明如果这些方法不够，还可以借助工具。E 选项“If they’re not enough,
use some tools to help you (如果这些还不够，用一些工具来帮助你)”中的“they”指代前文提到的方法，承接
前文内容，符合语境。故选E 项。
5．根据空前的“Think about all the people and things you consider most important — your friends and your
hobbies. (想想所有你认为最重要的人和事——你的朋友和你的爱好。)”以及空后的“Are the lists the same?
Do you keep putting off learning to play a new song because social media won’t stop drawing your attention? (这两
份清单一样吗？你是不是因为社交媒体一直吸引你的注意力而推迟学习演奏一首新歌？)”可知，此处应建
议思考实际花费时间在哪些人和事上。G 选项“Then think about who and what you actually spend your time
on (然后想想你实际上把时间花在了谁和什么事情上)”中的“Then”承接前文的“Think about”，且与空后对
两份清单的对比相呼应，符合语境。故选G 项。
10.（2026·内蒙古部分学校高三上学期8 月开学教学质量检测）
When a person is authentic, it means that they act in ways that genuinely show how they feel. They do this
rather than putting on different faces around different people, or tailoring their personality based on context. 1
To be authentic, you need to accept yourself for who you are, and treat others with respect. Authentic people
display a consistent set of values, and don’t change their behaviour from one conversation to the next.
Accept yourself for who you are. Accepting yourself often requires a mental attitude adjustment. Try to be
slower to criticize yourself or see yourself as inferior to (次于) others. Focus on accepting and appreciating who
you are as a unique individual. 2
Put time into personal growth. There is a great deal of authenticity to be found in growing yourself and
pursuing interests that fulfill you as a person. 3 In contrast, inauthentic people often neglect the things
that interest them in favor of pursuing whatever they believe to be popular or socially required of them.
4 Authentic people are in touch with their moral compass and their personal set of beliefs. This
includes religious beliefs, moral beliefs, and beliefs of any other kind. These beliefs should be evident in your daily
behaviours. Many people unthinkingly adopt a partner’s, parent’s or friend’s beliefs without figuring out if the
beliefs are right for them.
Express your thoughts and feelings. 5 Authentic people are comfortable speaking their mind and
communicating when they have a problem or are appreciative of something. If you feel prohibited to speak your
mind, or realize that you frequently only say what you think those around you expect to hear, you’re likely
behaving inauthentically.
A．Ask people for help when you need it.
B．Act on your personal beliefs and values.
C．Talk about your opinion when it matters to you.
D．This can be done through classes, volunteering or hobbies.
E．This will lead to authentic behaviours in line with your personality.
F．If you don’t have a fear of rejection, it will be easier to maintain a relationship.
G．Personal authenticity is the daily expression of your core beliefs and personality.
【答案】1．G 2．E 3．D 4．B 5．C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要论述了什么是个人真实性以及如何做到真实，包括接受自我、投入
个人成长、依据个人信念和价值观行事以及表达自己的想法和感受等方面。
1．上文“When a person is authentic, it means that they act in ways that genuinely show how they feel. They do
this rather than putting on different faces around different people, or tailoring their personality based on context.
(当一个人很真实，这意味着他们的行为能真实地反映内心感受。他们不会在不同的人面前换上不同的面孔，
或是根据情境调整自己的个性)”解释了什么是真实，G 选项“Personal authenticity is the daily expression of
your core beliefs and personality.(个人真实性是你核心信念和个性的日常表达)”进一步阐述了个人真实性的含
义，是对上文的进一步说明，上下文语意连贯。故选G 项。
2．上文“Accepting yourself often requires a mental attitude adjustment. Try to be slower to criticize yourself or
see yourself as inferior to (次于) others. Focus on accepting and appreciating who you are as a unique individual.
(接受自己通常需要调整心态。尽量减少对自己的批评，或者认为自己不如别人。专注于接受和欣赏你作为
一个独特个体的身份)”建议要接受自己，调整心态，减少对自己的批评，欣赏自己作为独特个体的身份，E
选项“This will lead to authentic behaviours in line with your personality.(这将导致符合你个性的真实行为)”承
接上文，说明接受自己、调整心态后带来的结果，即会有符合自己个性的真实行为，上下文语意连贯。故
选E 项。
3．上文“There is a great deal of authenticity to be found in growing yourself and pursuing interests that fulfill
you as a person.(在自我成长和追求让你成为一个完整的人的兴趣中，你会发现很多真实性)”建议要投入个
人成长，追求能让自己成为一个完整的人的兴趣，D 选项“This can be done through classes, volunteering or
hobbies.(这可以通过上课、做志愿者或培养爱好来实现)”承接上文，说明实现自我成长和追求兴趣的具体
途径，上下文语意连贯。故选D 项。
4．下文“Authentic people are in touch with their moral compass and their personal set of beliefs. This includes
religious beliefs, moral beliefs, and beliefs of any other kind. These beliefs should be evident in your daily
behaviours.(真实的人与他们的道德指南针和个人信仰体系保持联系。这包括宗教信仰、道德信仰和任何其
他类型的信仰。这些信念应该体现在你的日常行为中)”建议要依据个人信念和价值观行事，B 选项“Act on
your personal beliefs and values.(依据你的个人信念和价值观行事)”概括本段内容，是段首主题句。故选B 项。
5．上文“Express your thoughts and feelings.(表达你的想法和感受)”建议要表达自己的想法和感受，C 选项
“Talk about your opinion when it matters to you.(当事情对你很重要时，谈谈你的看法)”承接上文，进一步说
明在什么情况下要表达自己的看法，上下文语意连贯。故选C 项。
1.（2026·江西省多校联考高三上学期7 月模拟预测）
In today’s world where artificial intelligence (AI) can copy our words, automate our decisions and even
simulate emotions, understanding what sets us apart isn’t just philosophical.
1
Knowing what makes us
unquestionably different from intelligent machines helps us protect and even expand our most valuable strengths—
our creativity, emotional intelligence, life experiences and sense of purpose, so that we don’t just coexist with AI,
but rise above it, shaping the future instead of being shaped by it. Here are three irreplaceable human attributes (属
性).
We have real-life experiences while AI has data. Experience is one of the most powerful things that shape us
from the moment on which we’re born.
2
While AI, on the other hand, can analyze massive data, it
doesn’t learn from pain, joy, failure, or success the way humans do. Experience isn’t just about information— it’s
about personal growth.
3
We create stories to make sense of the world, find purpose in struggle and connect our past to our
future. However, AI doesn’t wonder about “the why” behind what it does. Instead, it just processes requests and
generates responses, without caring about the outcome beyond the goals that it’s pre-programmed to achieve.
We have free will while AI has codes (代码). Humans can choose generosity over self- interest, forgiveness
over hatred, and innovation over conformity. But AI only follows rules. No matter how advanced, it’s always bound
by its programming.
4
AI may be extraordinarily useful and helpful, but it will likely never provide what makes us human—
empathy (共情), true love, meaningful purpose and life experiences.
5
In this way, we can ensure that
technology will serve humanity—not the other way around.
A．It’s gaining popularity.
B．Besides, it is deeply practical.
C．We are considerate while AI is creative.
D．We seek meaning while AI follows instructions.
E．It doesn’t have desires, beliefs or independent thoughts.
F．Every failure, success and challenge can influence our future decisions.
G．So value our and others’ emotional depth, life experiences and creative potential.
【答案】1．B 2．F 3．D 4．E 5．G
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章阐述了在人工智能能模仿人类诸多行为的当下，了解人类与AI 的区别至
关重要，并介绍了人类三项不可替代的属性。
1．上文“In today’s world where artificial intelligence (AI) can copy our words, automate our decisions and even
simulate emotions, understanding what sets us apart isn’t just philosophical. (在当今世界，人工智能（AI）能够
模仿我们的语言、自动做出决策，甚至模拟情感，了解是什么让我们与众不同，这不仅仅是一个哲学层面
的问题)”说明了解人类与AI 的区别不只是哲学上的，空处承接上文，进一步说明其性质，B 选项“此外，
它还非常实用”中的“Besides”与上文形成递进关系，同时呼应下文“Knowing what makes us
unquestionably different from intelligent machines helps us protect and even expand our most valuable strengths—
our creativity, emotional intelligence, life experiences and sense of purpose, so that we don’t just coexist with AI,
but rise above it, shaping the future instead of being shaped by it. (弄清楚是什么让我们与智能机器有着不容置
疑的区别，有助于我们保护甚至拓展自身最宝贵的优势——创造力、情商、生活阅历以及目标感，这样一
来，我们就不仅仅是与人工智能共存，而是要超越它，主动塑造未来，而非被它所塑造)，提到的了解区别
能帮助我们保护和拓展自身优势，符合语境。故选B。
2．上文“Experience is one of the most powerful things that shape us from the moment on which we’re born. (从
出生那一刻起，经历就是塑造我们最强大的力量之一)”，强调经历对人的塑造作用，F 选项“每一次失败、
成功和挑战都会影响我们未来的决定”，具体阐述了不同经历对人未来决策的影响，符合语境。故选F。
3．下文“We create stories to make sense of the world, find purpose in struggle and connect our past to our future.
However, AI doesn’t wonder about “the why” behind what it does. (我们通过创造故事来理解世界，在奋斗中寻
找目标，并将过去与未来联系起来。然而，人工智能不会去思考它所做事情背后的“原因”)”，对比了人
类和AI 在对待事物“原因”“意义”上的不同，D 选项“我们寻求意义，而人工智能遵循指令”准确概括
了人类追求意义、AI 仅按指令行事的区别，概括上文的对比，符合语境。故选D。
4．上文“But AI only follows rules. No matter how advanced, it’s always bound by its programming. (但人工智
能只遵循规则。无论多么先进，它总是受其程序的约束)”说明AI 受程序限制，空处承接上文，进一步说明
AI 的局限性，E 选项“它没有欲望、信念或独立思考”是对AI 受程序约束、缺乏自主性的进一步阐述，
符合语境。故选E。
5．上文“AI may be extraordinarily useful and helpful, but it will likely never provide what makes us human—
empathy (共情), true love, meaningful purpose and life experiences. (人工智能可能非常有用和有帮助，但它很
可能永远无法提供那些使我们成为人的东西——共情、真爱、有意义的目标和生活经历)”，强调了人类所
拥有的独特品质是AI 无法提供的，G 选项“所以要珍视我们自己和他人的情感深度、生活经历和创造潜
力”承接上文，呼吁人们重视自身独特品质，与下文“In this way, we can ensure that technology will serve
humanity—not the other way around. (通过这种方式，我们可以确保技术将服务于人类——而不是反过来人
类服务于技术)”，确保技术服务于人类相呼应，符合语境。故选G。
2.（2026·江苏省镇江第一中学等校高三上学期8 月期初考试）
IQ scores like Einstein’s 160 or Madonna’s 140 grab attention, but EQ (Emotional Intelligence), MQ (Moral
Intelligence), and BQ (Body Intelligence) are far more critical for success. A high IQ is necessary but not enough.
For example, people prefer doing business with those they like and trust, even with less favorable terms.
1
Emotional Intelligence
EQ centers on recognizing and regulating emotions — both your own and others’, using them appropriately
in situations, and building strong relationships.
2
This practice sharpens self-awareness of how thoughts
influence feelings. Stress can be a huge killer of emotional intelligence, so you also need to develop healthy coping
techniques that can effectively and quickly reduce stress.
Moral Intelligence
MQ builds on EQ, focusing on responsibility, sympathy, and forgiveness. It grows on keeping commitments,
staying honest, and treating others with respect. To improve it, replace excuses with responsibility for your actions.
3
Show genuine sympathy for others’ struggles, as empathy promotes connection. Equally important is
forgiveness — showing tolerance of other people’s shortcomings.
Body Intelligence
BQ reflects how well you understand, value, and care for your body. Though it may seem unrelated to work,
it absolutely affects your work because it largely determines your feelings, state of mind, and energy level.
4
Choosing energy-giving foods over tiring ones, ensuring sufficient rest, making time for exercise, and even small
steps like monitoring weight can dramatically benefit the way you perform at work.
5
Someone with these qualities can outperform a highly educated person lacking them. IQ benefits
you alone, but EQ, MQ, and BQ uplift those around you, unlocking greater success and professional respect.
A．This can build others’ trust in you.
B．This leads to repeated mistakes in your act.
C．Without it, even daily tasks can feel unmanageable.
D．Developing it means noticing daily signs and acting on them.
E．Formal education matters less than developed EQ, MQ, and BQ.
F．To improve it, start by tracking your inner dialogue through journaling.
G．Thus, investing in EQ, MQ, and BQ matters more than just fixing on IQ.
【答案】1．G 2．F 3．A 4．D 5．E
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章指出情商、道德商、体商比智商对成功更关键，分别阐述三者的核心、提
升方法，强调它们比正规教育更重要，能助个体超越高学历者。
1．根据前文“A high IQ is necessary but not enough. For example, people prefer doing business with those they
like and trust, even with less favorable terms.( 高智商是必要的，但还不够。例如，人们更喜欢与他们喜欢和
信任的人做生意，即使条件不太有利。)”提到高智商必要但不足够，人们更愿意与喜欢和信任的人做生意，
此处需总结“情商（EQ）、道德商（MQ）和体商（BQ）比只关注智商（IQ）更重要”，G 项“Thus,
investing in EQ, MQ, and BQ matters more than just fixing on IQ.(因此，投资情商、道德商和体商比只专注于
智商更重要。)”承接逻辑，符合首段结论。故选G 项。
2．根据上文“EQ centers on recognizing and regulating emotions(情商的核心是识别和调节情绪)”可知，此段
讲情商（EQ），以及后面“This practice sharpens self-awareness of how thoughts influence feelings.( 这种做
法能提高自我意识，使其意识到思想是如何影响感觉的。)”提到这种做法能提高对思想如何影响感觉的自
我意识，F 项“To improve it, start by tracking your inner dialogue through journaling.( 要提升情商，可从通过
记日记追踪内心对话开始。)”中，“journaling”（记日记）对应后文“this practice”，且“tracking inner
dialogue”（追踪内心对话）能“sharpen self-awareness”（提高自我意识），衔接紧密。故选F 项。
3．根据上文“MQ builds on EQ, focusing on responsibility, sympathy, and forgiveness. It grows on keeping
commitments, staying honest, and treating others with respect. To improve it, replace excuses with responsibility
for your actions.( 道德商建立在情商的基础上，专注于责任、同情和宽恕。它在信守承诺、保持诚实和尊重
他人的基础上成长。为了改善它，用对你的行为负责取代借口。)”可知，该段讲道德商（MQ），提到要为
自己的行为承担责任等，A 选项“This can build others’ trust in you.( 这能建立别人对你的信任。)”承担责任
等行为能建立信任，与前文衔接紧密。故选A 项。
4．根据上文“BQ reflects how well you understand, value, and care for your body. Though it may seem unrelated
to work, it absolutely affects your work because it largely determines your feelings, state of mind, and energy level.
( 体商反映了你对自己身体的理解、重视和照顾程度。虽然它看起来与工作无关，但它绝对会影响你的工
作，因为它在很大程度上决定了你的感觉、精神状态和精力水平。)”可知，本段阐述体商是理解和照顾身
体的能力，后文“Choosing energy-giving foods over tiring ones, ensuring sufficient rest, making time for
exercise, and even small steps like monitoring weight can dramatically benefit the way you perform at work.( 选择
能提供能量的食物而不是让人疲劳的食物，确保充足的休息，腾出时间锻炼，甚至是监测体重这样的小步
骤都能极大地改善你的工作表现。)”列举“选能量食物、保证休息、运动”等具体行动。D 项
“Developing it means noticing daily signs and acting on them.( 提升体商意味着关注日常信号并付诸行动。)”
中，“acting on them”对应后文照顾身体的具体措施，逻辑连贯。故选D 项。
5．根据文章结构可知，末段总结“EQ、MQ、BQ 的重要性”，结合后文“Someone with these qualities
can outperform a highly educated person lacking them.( 有这些品质的人能胜过缺乏它们的高学历者。)”可知，
E 项“Formal education matters less than developed EQ, MQ, and BQ”（正规教育不如良好的情商、道德商和
体商重要）直接呼应“高学历者（formal education）不如有 EQ/MQ/BQ 者”，契合段落主旨。故选E 项。
3.（2026·湖南省永州市高三一模）
The 20-5-3 Rule
You don’t need extreme diets or very tiring workout routines to boost your well-being. Enter the “20-5-3 rule”
— research-backed formula (方案) to improve mental and physical health through time spent outdoors. Developed
by neuroscientist Rachel Hopman of Northeastern University,
1
Twenty minutes, three times a week
The first step is to get out in nature for 20 minutes at least three times a week. Research from the University of
Michigan shows this is the sweet spot for lowering cortisol, your body’s primary stress hormone.
2
Just sit
or walk in a natural setting, exposed to sunlight and greenery. However, the lead author emphasizes the importance
of disconnecting during these moments. Avoid “aerobic exercise, and avoid the use of social media, internet, phone
calls, conversations and reading,” she said. Think of it as a mini escape, designed to reset your stress levels and
help you feel grounded.
Five hours a month
For an even deeper mental reset, aim for five hours a month in semi-wild spaces, such as state parks.
3
Finnish researchers agree, finding wilder settings, with their organic “chaos”, help increase cognitive resources and
foster sense of calm.
Three days annually
Immerse yourself in nature for three days annually. Long-time exposure to wild landscapes activates alpha
brain waves — those linked to meditation, creativity and deep relaxation, Men’s Health reported.
4
A four-
day wilderness trip can reduce PTSD ( 创伤后应激障碍) symptoms by 29% and stress by 21%, with effects
lingering for weeks afterward.
So the next time you find yourself needing a “reset”, head outside for a quick lunchtime walk, or plan a
weekend in the woods.
5
A．Better yet, you don’t need to sweat it out.
B．it is quite energy-consuming yet rewarding as well.
C．Studies even show profound benefits for mental health.
D．More importantly, we can broaden our horizons and keep fit.
E．Best of all, it’s free, accessible and waiting just outside your door.
F．this method emphasizes small, manageable steps that can lead to big rewards.
G．Studies show these environments provide heightened relaxation compared to city parks.
【答案】1．F 2．A 3．G 4．C 5．E
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“20-5-3 法则”，即通过每周三次每次20 分钟、每月五小时、
每年三天的户外活动来改善身心健康的研究支持方案。
1．上文“Enter the “20-5-3 rule” — research-backed formula (方案) to improve mental and physical health
through time spent outdoors. Developed by neuroscientist Rachel Hopman of Northeastern University,(采用“20-
5-3 法则”——这一经过研究验证的方案，通过户外活动来改善身心健康。该方案由东北大学的神经科学
家雷切尔·霍普曼提出)” 引出“20-5-3 法则”及其研发者，空处需承接前文，介绍该法则的核心特点。F
项“这个方法强调小的、可管理的步骤，这些步骤可以带来巨大的回报”符合语境，该项中的“this
method”与上文中的“the “20-5-3 rule”” 相呼应。故选F。
2．上文“The first step is to get out in nature for 20 minutes at least three times a week. Research from the
University of Michigan shows this is the sweet spot for lowering cortisol, your body’s primary stress hormone.(第
一步是每周至少三次，每次20 分钟，走进大自然。密歇根大学的研究表明，这是降低皮质醇（人体主要的
应激激素）的最佳时机)”指出每周三次、每次20 分钟的户外接触可降压力激素，后文“Just sit or walk in a
natural setting, exposed to sunlight and greenery.(只需在自然环境中静坐或漫步，沐浴阳光，感受绿意)”表明
这个法则不需要进行剧烈的运动。A 项“更好的是，你不需要为此大汗淋漓”符合语境。该项中的“don’t
need to sweat it out”与上文中的“Just sit or walk”相呼应。故选A。
3．上文“For an even deeper mental reset, aim for five hours a month in semi-wild spaces, such as state parks.(为
了更深入地调整心态，建议每月至少在半野生环境中，如州立公园，待上五个小时)”提出每月在半野外环
境待 5 小时的建议，空处应承接上文，说明这样做的效果。G 项“研究表明，与城市公园相比，这些环境
能提供更强的放松感”符合语境，该项中的“these environments”与上文中的“semi-wild spaces, such as
state parks”呼应，说明了在半野外的空间待上五个小时的好处。故选G。
4．上文“Long-time exposure to wild landscapes activates alpha brain waves—those linked to meditation,
creativity and deep relaxation, Men’s Health reported.(据《男性健康》杂志报道，长时间置身于野外景观中能
够激活阿尔法脑电波——这种脑电波与冥想、创造力和深度放松状态相关联)”提到长时间野外接触对大脑
的积极影响，空处与前文为递进关系，强调对心理健康的显著益处。C 项“研究甚至显示对心理健康有深
远的好处”符合语境，该项中的“profound benefits for mental health”与上文中的“meditation, creativity and
deep relaxation”相呼应，进一步解释了长时间暴露在野外环境中的好处。故选C。
5．上文“So the next time you find yourself needing a “reset”, head outside for a quick lunchtime walk, or plan a
weekend in the woods.(所以，下次当你发现自己需要“重置”时，不妨到外面快速地散个步，或者在树林
里度过一个周末)”总结建议人们通过户外接触重置状态，空处应承接上文，对全文进行总结，说明这个法
则的优点。E 项“最重要的是，它是免费的、容易获得的，而且就在你的门外等着你”符合语境，该项中
的 it 指代“the 20-5-3 rule”，且“free, accessible”契合前文提到的轻松、易操作的特点。故选E。
4.（2026·江西省等多省高三上学期8 月百万大联考）
What You Can Learn from Exam Papers
Exam papers are not just tools for assessment.
1
. By analyzing and understanding exam papers,
you can gain insights that go beyond the grades you receive. Here are some key lessons you can learn from exam
papers.
2
Exam papers provide a clear picture of your performance in different areas. By reviewing your answers and
the corresponding scores, you can identify which topics or skills you excel in and which ones need improvement.
For example, if you consistently score well in multiple-choice questions but struggle with essay questions, it
indicates that you might need to work on your writing skills or ability to synthesize information.
Improve time management
One of the most important skills you can develop from exam papers is effective time management. By
analyzing how you allocate time during an exam, you can identify areas where you might be spending too much or
too little time. For instance, if you find that you often run out of time before completing the exam, it suggests that
you need to practice pacing yourself better.
3
.
Enhance critical thinking and problem-solving skills
Exam papers often require you to apply your knowledge in new and different ways. By working through past
exam questions, you can practice critical thinking and problem-solving skills.
4
. The skill is essential not
only for academic success but also for success in your future career and personal life.
Develop a growth mindset
Reviewing exam papers can be a powerful way to develop a growth mindset. Instead of focusing solely on
the grades, look at the feedback (反馈) and use it as an opportunity to learn and improve.
5
. By adopting
this perspective, you can turn exam papers into valuable learning experiences that contribute to your overall
development.
A．Keep practicing consistently
B．Identify your strengths and weaknesses
C．This skill is also useful for time-sensitive tasks in life
D．Every mistake is a chance to grow and become better
E．You can adjust your study habits based on the exam papers
F．They are also valuable resources for learning and self-improvement
G．The process helps you understand how to develop effective solutions
【答案】1．F 2．B 3．C 4．G 5．D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了分析试卷可以带来的好处。
1．根据上文“Exam papers are not just tools for assessment. (考试试卷不仅仅是用于评估的工具。)”可知，前
句提到“试卷不只是评估工具”，空格处需承接此逻辑，说明试卷的另一作用。F 选项中“also”呼应前文
“not just”，明确试卷的双重属性，符合上下文衔接。故F 选项“它们也是学习和自我提升的宝贵资源”符
合语境，故选F。
2．根据后文“Exam papers provide a clear picture of your performance in different areas. By reviewing your
answers and the corresponding scores, you can identify which topics or skills you excel in and which ones need
improvement. For example, if you consistently score well in multiple-choice questions but struggle with essay
questions, it indicates that you might need to work on your writing skills or ability to synthesize information. (考试
试卷能清晰地反映出你在不同方面的表现情况。通过查看你的答案以及相应的分数，你可以明确自己在哪
些方面表现出色，哪些方面还需要改进。例如，如果你在选择题上总是得分很高，但在论述题上却表现不
佳，这表明你可能需要在写作技能或综合信息处理能力方面进行提升。)”可知，此处为段落小标题，需概
括该段核心内容。后文围绕“通过试卷回顾成绩，识别擅长与需改进的领域”展开，本句点明段落主旨。
故B 选项“明确自己的长处和短处”符合语境，故选B。
3．根据上文“One of the most important skills you can develop from exam papers is effective time management.
By analyzing how you allocate time during an exam, you can identify areas where you might be spending too much
or too little time. For instance, if you find that you often run out of time before completing the exam, it suggests
that you need to practice pacing yourself better. (从考试试卷中，你能够培养出的一项极为重要的技能就是有
效的时间管理能力。通过分析你在考试期间是如何分配时间的，你就能找出自己可能花费过多或过少时间
的环节。例如，如果发现你常常在完成考试前就耗尽了时间，这就表明你需要更好地练习控制自己的答题
节奏。)”可知，该段主题是“提升时间管理能力”，前句举例说明考试中时间分配不当需改进。C 选项
“这项技能对生活中需要限时完成的任务也很有用”，用“this skill”指代前文“time management”，将考试
中的时间管理能力延伸到生活场景，补充说明其重要性，逻辑连贯。故C 选项“这项技能在生活中的时间
紧迫任务中也很有用”符合语境，故选C。
4．根据上文“Exam papers often require you to apply your knowledge in new and different ways. By working
through past exam questions, you can practice critical thinking and problem-solving skills. (考试试卷通常会要求
你以新颖且不同的方式运用所学知识。通过解答以往的考试题目，你可以锻炼批判性思维和解决问题的能
力。)”可知，前句指出“通过做过往考题可锻炼批判性思维和解决问题的能力”，空格处需进一步说明该
过程的作用。G 选项“这个过程能帮助你理解如何制定有效的解决方案”，“the process”对应“working
through past exam questions”，解释了锻炼能力的具体体现，符合段落逻辑。故G 选项“这个过程有助于你
了解如何制定有效的解决方案”符合语境，故选G。
5．根据上文“Reviewing exam papers can be a powerful way to develop a growth mindset. Instead of focusing
solely on the grades, look at the feedback (反馈) and use it as an opportunity to learn and improve. (回顾考试试卷
是培养成长型思维模式的一种有效方式。不要只盯着分数，而应关注反馈内容，并将其视为一个学习和提
升自我的机会。)”可知，该段主题是“培养成长型思维”，前句强调“将反馈视为学习和改进的机会”。
D 选项“每一个错误都是成长和变得更好的机会”，承接“反馈”与“改进”的逻辑，具体说明如何用成
长型思维看待考试中的不足，与段落主旨一致。故D 选项“每个错误都是成长和变得更好的机会”符合语
境，故选D。
5.（2026·广东省上进联考新高三秋季入学摸底）
If you don’t know what emotional decluttering (清理) is, fasten your seat belts and join us for a way to let go
of it all finally.
1
Instead, emotional decluttering is about parting with things we don’t “need” anymore.
2
Well, it’s not as simple as you might think. There’s so much more to it than simply emptying
drawers and choosing a few things to throw away. In this article, we will focus on several things that might be
difficult to part with and how you can finally let go of them.
Old schoolwork, notebooks, and random paper items
I used to save all my old schoolwork and notes until a basement flood washed them away. At first, shock
kicked in, then sadness.
3
I never opened them after graduation. Lesson learned. I didn’t need them but
was attached to them instead. This was a great lesson in emotional decluttering.
4
It’s best to store them
on your phone or computer to free yourself of the clutter.
Your book collection
Nowadays, we all tend to purchase digital books that are far easier to store and catalog. But if you were like
me and had several bookshelves filled with books, you can declutter them. Sort them into two piles, keep and
donate. Of course, keep anything that has meaning to you and donate your books to your neighborhood HOA or
local library.
5
Plus, creating your new digital library is fun and exciting. It will also allow you to choose from some
audiobooks if you never tried them.
A．But that flood did me a favor.
B．That flood caused great damage to the community.
C．Unfortunately, most people think decluttering is easy.
D．At the same time, remember to buy only classic books.
E．So, if you have such things, you can scan or take pictures of them.
F．Of course, that doesn’t mean getting rid of everything in your home.
G．Either way, you can develop a sense of freedom by unloading your book collection.
【答案】1．F 2．C 3．A 4．E 5．G
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是情感清理，并针对如何清理旧作业、笔记本、随机纸张以及
书籍收藏这些难以割舍的物品给出了具体建议。
1．上文“If you don’t know what emotional decluttering (清理) is, fasten your seat belts and join us for a way to
let go of it all finally. (如果你不知道什么是情感清理，系好安全带，和我们一起寻找一种最终放下一切的方
法)”引出“情感清理”这一概念，且提到“放下一切”，下文“Instead, emotional decluttering is about
parting with things we don’t “need” anymore. (相反，情感清理是关于与我们不再“需要”的东西告别)”通过
“Instead”进行转折，说明情感清理并非是放下所有，而是告别不需要的东西，F 选项“当然，这并不意味
着要扔掉你家里的所有东西”承上启下，既呼应上文“放下一切”的表述，又通过“并不意味着扔掉所有
东西”引出下文对情感清理的正确定义，符合语境。故选F。
2．下文“Well, it’s not as simple as you might think. There’s so much more to it than simply emptying drawers
and choosing a few things to throw away. (嗯，这可不像你想的那么简单。情感清理远不止是清空抽屉、挑几
样东西扔掉这么简单)”指出情感清理不简单，空处应是先提出一种相反的观点，即人们对清理的错误认知，
C 选项“不幸的是，大多数人认为清理很容易”符合语境，“认为清理很容易”与下文“并不像你想象的
那么简单”形成对比，引出下文对清理复杂性的阐述。故选C。
3．上文“I used to save all my old schoolwork and notes until a basement flood washed them away. At first, shock
kicked in, then sadness. (我曾经保存着所有的旧作业和笔记，直到地下室被淹，它们都被冲走了。起初是震
惊，然后是悲伤)”描述了洪水冲走旧作业和笔记后“我”的情绪，下文“I never opened them after
graduation. Lesson learned. (毕业后我再也没有打开过它们。学到了一个教训)”表明“我”从这件事中有了收
获，空处应体现态度的转变，说明洪水带来的积极影响，A 选项“但那场洪水帮了我一个忙”符合语境，
引出下文“我”从中得到的教训。故选A。
4．上文“This was a great lesson in emotional decluttering. (这是情感清理中很好的一个教训)”说明从洪水冲
走旧作业的事情中学会了情感清理，下文“It’s best to store them on your phone or computer to free yourself of
the clutter. (最好把它们存储在手机或电脑上，这样就能摆脱杂乱)”提到了存储旧作业和笔记的方法，空处
应是提出具体的清理旧作业和笔记的做法，为下文的存储方法做铺垫，E 选项“所以，如果你有这样的东
西，你可以扫描或者给它们拍照”符合语境，“扫描或者拍照”与下文“存储在手机或电脑上”相呼应，
形成完整的清理和存储流程。故选E。
5．上文“Sort them into two piles, keep and donate. Of course, keep anything that has meaning to you and donate
your books to your neighborhood HOA or local library. (把它们分成两堆，保留的和捐赠的。当然，保留任何
对你有意义的书，把你的书捐赠给社区业主协会或当地图书馆)”介绍了处理书籍收藏的两种方式——保留
和捐赠，空处应总结这两种方式带来的效果，G 选项“不管选择哪种方式，通过清理你的书籍收藏，你都
能培养一种自由感”符合语境，“两种方式”对应上文的“保留和捐赠”，“培养自由感”点明了清理书
籍收藏的积极意义，承接上文内容。故选G。
6.（2026·安徽省六校教育研究会高三上学期9 月月考）
Bossy, dominant, controlling—have these labels ever come to mind when you think of others or yourself? Or
have others used these terms to describe you? However, control isn’t purely negative.
1
Its role in our
lives is far more complicated. Let’s unpack it.
2
Air traffic controllers ensure planes’ safe navigation. Teachers who manage classes effectively
create a thriving environment. Self-control, too, is a cornerstone (基石) of personal growth, helping us pursue long
term goals. These all show how control can be a force for order and progress.
But when control changes into a strong desire to be in charge all the time and make others do exactly what
you want, many problems will start to appear. Some individuals use threats, or even force to impose (强制实行)
their will.
3
If you recognize such behavior in others or experience it yourself, seeking support from
trusted adults is crucial— they can help address the harm.
Psychologists link the desire for control to underlying anxiety. When we feel uncertain or that we don’t know
what to do in life, the need to manage every little thing becomes a way to deal with our feelings. And gradually, it
becomes a negative cycle which gains strength.
4
Life’s changes often spark control urges. Physical or emotional changes, family conflicts, or the loss of a
loved one trigger (引发) feelings of powerlessness. Transitions like starting a new school or moving to a different
city can also disrupt (扰乱) our sense of stability.
5
It’s a natural response to life’s unpredictability.
A．This can be a form of abuse.
B．Control has clear positive applications.
C．Uncertainty weakens our self-confidence.
D．The sense of loss can also explain the reason.
E．In such moments, the need to regain control becomes intense.
F．Actually, control doesn’t fit neatly into “good” or “bad” boxes.
G．If left unchecked, it can damage relationships and generate stress.
【答案】1．F 2．B 3．A 4．G 5．E
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是控制欲产生的原因以及影响。
1．空前“However, control isn’t purely negative.(然而，控制并不完全是消极的。)”说明控制并不总是消极的，
下文“Its role in our lives is far more complicated.(它在我们生活中的作用要复杂得多。)”说明控制的作用不
简单，F 选项“Actually, control doesn’t fit neatly into “good” or “bad” boxes.(实际上，控制并不能简单地归为
“好”或“坏”的范畴。)”说明控制不能简单地分为“好”或“坏”，承上启下，符合语境，故选F。
2．空后“Air traffic controllers ensure planes’ safe navigation. Teachers who manage classes effectively create a
thriving environment. Self-control, too, is a cornerstone (基石) of personal growth, helping us pursue long term
goals. These all show how control can be a force for order and progress.(空中交通管制员确保飞机的安全航行。
有效管理班级的教师创造了一个蓬勃发展的环境。自我控制也是个人成长的基石，帮助我们追求长期目标。
这些都表明，控制可以成为促进秩序和进步的力量。)”说明控制是会带来好处的，B 选项“Control has
clear positive applications.(控制具有明显的积极应用。)”说明控制是会带来好处的，有积极的作用，引起下
文，符合语境，故选B。
3．空前“Some individuals use threats, or even force to impose (强制实行) their will.(有些人使用威胁，甚至武
力来强加他们的意志。)”说明了有些人会使用威胁，甚至武力来强加他们的意志，空格处应该对这样的行
为进行进一步说明，A 选项“This can be a form of abuse.(这可能是一种虐待行为。)”是对空前行为的描述，
承接上文，符合语境，故选A。
4．空前“Psychologists link the desire for control to underlying anxiety. When we feel uncertain or that we don’t
know what to do in life, the need to manage every little thing becomes a way to deal with our feelings. And
gradually, it becomes a negative cycle which gains strength.(心理学家将控制欲与潜在的焦虑联系起来。当我们
感到不确定或不知道在生活中要做什么的时候，管理每一件小事的需要就变成了处理我们感觉的一种方式。
渐渐地，它变成了一个恶性循环，并且愈演愈烈。)”说明了控制欲会给精神方面带来不好的影响，G 选项
“If left unchecked, it can damage relationships and generate stress.(如果任其发展，它会破坏人际关系并产生
压力。)”说明了如果不好好处理控制欲，那就会产生压力，和精神方面的问题有关，承接上文，符合语境，
故选G。
5．空前“Life’s changes often spark control urges. Physical or emotional changes, family conflicts, or the loss of a
loved one trigger (引发) feelings of powerlessness. Transitions like starting a new school or moving to a different
city can also disrupt (扰乱) our sense of stability.(生活的变化常常引发控制欲。身体或情感的变化、家庭冲突
或失去所爱的人都会引发无力感。像开始新的学校或搬到另一个城市这样的过渡也会破坏我们的稳定
感。)”说明了生活的变化会引发控制欲，并举例说了变化的具体情况，空格处应该说这些变化会带来什么
结果，E 选项“In such moments, the need to regain control becomes intense.(在这种时刻，重新获得控制权的
需求变得非常强烈。)”中的such moments 指的是前面的那些生活中的变化，说明了这些变化引起的后果，
承接上文，符合语境，故选E。
7.（2026·全国九五高中协作体高三上学期开学质量检测）
The most important element of emotional maturity is taking responsibility for your own emotions and
actions. It means neither blaming yourself for what you cannot control nor losing emotional balance. 1
Here are some practical ways to develop emotional maturity in daily life.
Admit mistakes when you are wrong.
Emotionally mature people do not blame others for their own mistakes. They are responsible for their
actions, learn from mistakes, and accept feedback objectively. 2 Often, they will just admit it, apologize,
and struggle to improve themselves.
3
Emotionally mature people understand their emotional needs. It is important to take care of others’ feelings
but it does not mean they should totally abandon their own feelings. The key is to stay balanced and to attend to
their own emotional needs when it is necessary. If a person does not respect his own feelings, it is easy for him to
be influenced by others and become miserable.
Don’t play victim.
4 Whenever they get setbacks（挫折）in life, they view it as their own responsibility to improve
themselves. They trust that every challenge exists to strengthen them whatever happens in life.
Define and set boundaries.
Emotionally mature people understand their standpoint. They know what they want in life and they also
make a conscious decision on the things that they do not want. When things beyond their boundaries happen, they
can detect them right away, deal with it accordingly and won’t let it destroy their self-esteem. 5
A．Don’t get upset so easily.
B．Respect your own feelings and needs.
C．Hence, they do not respond by attacking back.
D．This gives them huge power over emotional control.
E．Assume responsibility only for what lies within your control.
F．People with low emotional maturity are very easy to be identified.
G．Emotionally mature people take full responsibility for their own lives.
【答案】1．E 2．C 3．B 4．G 5．D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要阐述了情绪成熟的核心是对自己的情绪和行为负责，并介绍了在日常生
活中培养情绪成熟的几种实用方法，包括犯错时承认错误、尊重自身感受与需求、不扮演受害者以及明确
并设定界限等。
1．根据前文“The most important element of emotional maturity is taking responsibility for your own emotions
and actions. It means neither blaming yourself for what you cannot control nor losing emotional balance. (情绪成
熟最重要的要素是对自己的情绪和行为负责。这意味着既不因为无法控制的事情责怪自己，也不失去情绪
平衡。)”可知，前文重点强调“对可控之事负责，不对不可控之事自责”，空处应承接上文，进一步明确
责任的边界。E 选项“Assume responsibility only for what lies within your control. (只对自己能控制的事情承
担责任)符合语境。故选E 项。
2．本段小标题为“Admit mistakes when you are wrong. (犯错时承认错误)”，前文提到“Emotionally mature
people do not blame others for their own mistakes. They are responsible for their actions, learn from mistakes, and
accept feedback objectively. (情绪成熟的人不会把自己的错误归咎于他人。他们对自己的行为负责，从错误
中吸取教训，客观地接受反馈)”，说明情绪成熟者面对错误时的态度是负责而非推诿。空处应延续这一态
度，说明其后续反应。C 选项“Hence, they do not respond by attacking back. (因此，他们不会以反击作为回
应。)”符合语境。故选C 项。
3．此处需为段落小标题，需概括本段核心内容且格式与其他小标题一致（祈使句）。根据后文
“Emotionally mature people understand their emotional needs. It is important to take care of others’ feelings but it
does not mean they should totally abandon their own feelings. The key is to stay balanced and to attend to own
emotional needs when it is necessary. If a person does not respect his own feelings, it is easy for him to be
influenced by others and become miserable. (情绪成熟的人了解自己的情感需求。关心他人的感受固然重要，
但这并不意味着他们应该完全忽视自己的感受。关键在于保持平衡，并在必要时关注自身的情感需求。如
果一个人不尊重自己的感受，就很容易受到他人的影响，进而陷入痛苦之中)”可知，本段核心是“关注并
尊重自身的情感需求，而非完全忽略自我”。B 选项“Respect your own feelings and needs. (尊重自己的感
受和需求。)”为祈使句，精准概括了本段主题，适合作小标题。故选B 项。
4．本段小标题为“Don’t play victim. (不要扮演受害者)”以及后文提到“Whenever they get setbacks in life,
they view it as their own responsibility to improve themselves. (无论何时在生活中遇到挫折，他们都认为提升
自己是自己的责任。)”可知，进一步说明情绪成熟的人对自身生活的责任意识。G 选项“Emotionally
mature people take full responsibility for their own lives. (情绪成熟的人对自己的生活负完全责任。)”直接呼应
小标题“不扮演受害者”，且为后文“视挫折为自我提升的责任”提供了观点支撑，符合语境。故选G 项。
5．本段围绕“Define and set boundaries. (明确并设定边界)”展开，前文提到“Emotionally mature people
understand their standpoint. They know what they want in life and they also made a conscious decision on the
things that they do not want. When things beyond their boundaries happen, they can detect it right away, deal with
it accordingly and won’t let it destroy their self-esteem.. (情绪成熟的人清楚自己的立场。他们知道自己在生活
中想要什么，也会清醒地决定自己不想要什么。当发生超出自身边界的事情时，他们能立刻察觉，并采取
相应的方式处理，不会让这些事损害自己的自尊。)”可知，空处应总结“设定边界”带来的积极作用。D
选项“This gives them huge power over emotional control. (这赋予他们强大的情绪控制能力。)”中的“This”
指代前文“明确立场、设定并处理边界”的行为，符合语境。故选D 项。
8.（2026·安徽省江淮十校高三上学期8 月第一次联考）
Successful team collaboration is essential for achieving complex goals. It involves more than just working
alongside others; it requires intentional strategies to use collective strengths. Then how can a team collaborate
effectively?
1
Every team member needs a shared understanding of the project’s objectives and their specific
responsibilities. This prevents misunderstandings and ensures accountability. Ambiguity in roles often leads to
repeated efforts, overlooked tasks, and frustration. Clearly outlining expectations from the outset sets the stage for
productive work.
Foster open and respectful communication.
Create an environment where team members feel safe to share ideas, ask questions, and voice concerns
without fear of judgment. 2 Actively listening to understand different viewpoints, rather than just waiting
to speak, is crucial for building trust and finding the best solutions.
Address conflicts constructively.
3 New conflicts as opportunities to explore different perspectives and improve outcomes. The goal
should be to understand the root cause and find a mutually acceptable resolution. Focusing on the issue at hand, not
personal attacks, and seeking common ground helps the team move forward positively.
Make the most of diverse strengths.
Recognize that each member brings unique skills, experiences, and perspectives to the table. 4
Assigning tasks based on individual strengths not only improves efficiency but also increases engagement and
satisfaction.
Establish regular check-ins and feedback loops.
Don’t wait until the project deadline to assess progress. Schedule frequent, brief meetings to discuss updates,
roadblocks, and next steps. Constructive feedback, both on the work and the process, should be encouraged. 5
A．Define clear goals and roles.
B．Encourage brainstorming sessions.
C．Effective communication is the cornerstone of any strong team dynamic.
D．A team that communicates poorly will inevitably struggle with coordination.
E．Disagreements are unavoidable in teamwork, but they don’t have to be destructive.
F．Intentionally discuss and map out these differences to maximize the team’s potential.
G．This allows the team to adapt quickly and ensure everyone remains aligned with the overall goal.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．E 4．F 5．G
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章指出团队有效协作对实现复杂目标至关重要，介绍了四条策略：明确目标
与职责、促进开放尊重沟通、建设性处理冲突、善用成员多样优势，还提及定期沟通反馈。
1．根据后文“Every team member needs a shared understanding of the project’s objectives and their specific
responsibilities. This prevents misunderstandings and ensures accountability. Ambiguity in roles often leads to
repeated efforts, overlooked tasks, and frustration. Clearly outlining expectations from the outset sets the stage for
productive work.(每个团队成员都需要对项目的目标以及各自的具体职责达成共识。这可以避免误解，并确
保责任明确。角色职责的模糊不清往往会导致重复工作、遗漏任务以及产生不满情绪。从一开始就清晰地
明确期望，能够为高效的工作奠定基础)”可知，后文详细讨论了角色模糊会导致重复劳动、任务遗漏等问
题，强调从开始就明确期望。选项A“明确设定目标和职责”作为小标题完美引入该部分。故选A。
2．根据上文“Create an environment where team members feel safe to share ideas, ask questions, and voice
concerns without fear of judgment.(营造一种氛围，让团队成员能够放心地分享想法、提出问题和表达担忧，
同时不必担心受到批评)”以及后文“Actively listening to understand different viewpoints, rather than just
waiting to speak, is crucial for building trust and finding the best solutions.(积极倾听以理解不同的观点，而非仅
仅等待发言，这对于建立信任以及找到最佳解决方案至关重要)”可知，本句是在强调沟通的作用。故C 项
“有效的沟通是任何强大团队协作体系的基础”最符合语境。故选C。
3．根据后文“New conflicts as opportunities to explore different perspectives and improve outcomes. The goal
should be to understand the root cause and find a mutually acceptable resolution. Focusing on the issue at hand, not
personal attacks, and seeking common ground helps the team move forward positively.(新的冲突其实也是探索不
同观点、改善结果的机会。我们的目标应当是找出根本原因，并找到一个双方都能接受的解决方案。专注
于当前的问题，而非进行人身攻击，同时寻求共识，这有助于团队朝着积极的方向前进)”可知，本句直接
引入冲突的正面处理方式，承认分歧的存在但强调其建设性，与后文的“机会”和“共同解决”一致。选
项E“团队中分歧不可避免，但不一定是破坏性的”作为主题句，有效衔接标题“Address conflicts
constructively”(建设性处理冲突)。故选E。
4．根据前文“Recognize that each member brings unique skills, experiences, and perspectives to the table.(要认
识到每位成员都具备独特的技能、丰富的经验和独特的见解)”以及后文“Assigning tasks based on individual
strengths not only improves efficiency but also increases engagement and satisfaction.(根据个人优势分配任务不
仅能提高效率，还能增强参与度和满意度)”可知，本句是前文的自然延伸，解释了如何将“差异”转化为
行动，从而引出后文的“任务分配”。选项F 的“differences”指代前文的“unique skills”，逻辑连贯。选项
F“有意地探讨并规划这些差异，以最大限度地发挥团队的潜力。”符合语境。故选F。
5．根据前文“Constructive feedback, both on the work and the process, should be encouraged.(应当鼓励对工作
内容以及工作过程都给予建设性的反馈)”可知，本句解释定期反馈的好处，代词“This”指代前文的
“feedback loops”(反馈循环)，并总结该策略的价值。选项G“这使得团队能快速调整，确保每个人与整体
目标保持一致”作为段落结论句，强化了反馈的重要性。故选G。
9.（2026·四川省成都市蓉城名校联盟高三上学期开学联考）
How to Transform Yourself for the New Year
Whatever the transformation you’re aiming for, determination, devotion, and hard work will help you set and
achieve it. You can define your goals and create an action plan for yourself. 1 .
Set goals
Think about what you want to transform in a broad sense. This will help you define what you want and why
you want it. Once you have your overall transformation in mind, break it down into a set of more manageable
goals. Getting started with a goal is the hardest part. 2 . It will make them feel more manageable. For
example, if your goal is to get in shape, the first step could be to get running shoes or join a gym. Research
resources, set dates, and schedule yourself in advance to make sure you have regular time devoted to your goals.
Work towards your transformation
Ask yourself what you need to start working towards your goal and get the items as soon as you can. Don’t
weigh yourself down by trying to change everything at once. Instead, start with your first, most manageable goal
and get into a steady routine before adding more into the mix. 3 . Going through them with someone you
trust can give you strength and motivation. He or she may also be able to help find creative solutions.
4
You’re more likely to keep going when you can see how far you have come. Try writing down your progress
in a journal, or using a visual tool such as a chart or drawing to show your progress. To generate some publicity for
yourself is another way to stay on track. You can talk to those close to you about what you have already
accomplished, and what you still want to do. 5 .
A．Keep yourself motivated
B．Generate publicity for yourself
C．As a result, you may tend to abandon your goals
D．You could even start a blog or website to share your journey
E．You’ll likely hit a few challenging moments in pursuit of your goals
F．By doing so, you may be able to transform your life in the new year
G．Therefore, you’d better make your goals as small as you need them to be
【答案】1．F 2．G 3．E 4．A 5．D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何在新的一年实现自我转变，包括设定目标、朝着目标努力以
及保持动力等方面，并针对各方面给出具体方法。
1．根据上文“Whatever the transformation you’ re aiming for, determination, devotion, and hard work will help
you set and achieve it. You can define your goals and create an action plan for yourself.(无论你想要实现何种转变，
决心、专注和努力都将助你设定并达成目标。你可以为自己明确目标，制定行动计划)”可知，选项起到总
结前文并引出下文具体步骤的作用。F 选项“通过这样做，你或许能够在新的一年改变你的生活” 符合语
境。故选F。
2．根据上文“Getting started with a goal is the hardest part.(从一个目标开始是最困难的部分)” 以及下文 “It
will make them feel more manageable.(这会让它们感觉更容易处理)” 可知，此处应阐述为克服开始的困难，
对目标的处理方式，G 选项 “因此，你最好把目标设定得尽可能小” 符合语境。故选G。
3．根据下文“Going through them with someone you trust can give you strength and motivation.(和你信任的人
一起经历这些挑战能给你力量和动力)” 可知，此处应提及会遇到挑战，E 选项 “在追求目标的过程中，
你可能会遇到一些具有挑战性的时刻” 符合语境，“them” 指代 “challenging moments”，与后文借助他
人力量应对挑战相呼应。故选E。
4．根据下文“You’ re more likely to keep going when you can see how far you have come.(当你能看到自己已
经走了多远时，你更有可能继续前进)” 可知，此段围绕保持动力展开，A 选项 “让自己保持动力” 能概
括此段，为本段的小标题。故选A。
5．根据上文“To generate some publicity for yourself is another way to stay on track.(为自己制造一些关注度是
保持正轨的另一种方式)” 可知，此处应阐述制造关注度的具体方式，D 选项“你甚至可以开设一个博客或
网站来分享你的历程” 符合语境。故选D。
10.（2026·宁夏银川一中高三上学期第一次月考）
Street art, usually referred to as “public art”, is defined as art on outer surfaces done with permission by the
community. 1 . The art form has evolved over the decades from a grass-roots project to mainstream
popularity.
2 . They were established in public areas to honor religious and political leaders. Through
evolution, the roots of street art shifted to rest in social and political comments, giving voice to those often unheard.
In the 20th century, the term evolved to include the art created to speak for the people or advance social and
political movements. 3 .
Street art is sometimes a form of activism ( 行动主义) that stimulates the imagination. 4 .
Bringing these images into the classroom and spaces with teens engages them and sparks relevant conversations.
Conversation flows easily from admiring images, visiting sites, or participating in the creation of public art.
There is value in analyzing art in your local community to build community connections. Before sharing
a piece, briefly research the artist and the name and location of the work—or research together with teens. 5
. This not only promotes diversity in the arts but also exposes young people to professional artists who look like
them and empowers them to explore the arts as a viable career choice.
A．These questions can be replicated with any piece of art
B．It is often seen on walls of buildings and bridges in urban settings
C．Many artists create bold pieces to draw attention to economic issues
D．Younger generations travel to sites of outdoor work to engage with the art
E．Try selecting artists of diverse backgrounds whose works highlight various styles
F．For instance, there were the early community murals of the civil rights movement
G．The origins of modern public art were expensive monuments (纪念碑) and structures at the request of the
wealthy
【答案】1．B 2．G 3．F 4．D 5．E
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了街头艺术的定义、起源演变、作为行动主义的形式，以及其
对年轻一代的积极影响和促进艺术多样性的作用。
1．上文“Street art, usually referred to as “public art”, is defined as art on outer surfaces done with permission by
the community. (街头艺术，通常被称为“公共艺术”，被定义为在社区允许的情况下在外部表面进行的艺
术。)”明确给出了街头艺术的定义，即是在社区允许下在外表面进行的艺术。 B 选项“It is often seen on
walls of buildings and bridges in urban settings (它经常出现在城市环境中建筑物和桥梁的墙壁上)”，具体说明
了街头艺术常见的出现位置，是对上文定义的进一步补充说明，使读者对街头艺术有更直观的认识。故选
B。
2．上文整体在阐述街头艺术的发展演变，此空后“They were established in public areas to honor religious
and political leaders. (它们被设立在公共区域以纪念宗教和政治领袖。)”，这里“they”指代前面提到的某种
艺术形式。G 选项“The origins of modern public art were expensive monuments (纪念碑) and structures at the
request of the wealthy (现代公共艺术的起源是应富人要求建造的昂贵纪念碑和建筑)”，引出了后文所提到的
早期公共艺术形式（纪念碑等），为后文阐述街头艺术根源从纪念碑等向社会政治评论的演变做铺垫，在
内容上起到了承上启下的作用。故选G。
3．上文“In the 20th century, the term evolved to include the art created to speak for the people or advance social
and political movements. (在20 世纪，这个术语演变为包括为人们发声或推动社会和政治运动而创作的艺
术。)”说明了20 世纪街头艺术内涵的扩展。F 选项“For instance, there were the early community murals of
the civil rights movement (例如，民权运动早期的社区壁画)”通过列举民权运动早期的社区壁画这一具体例
子，进一步解释和说明了上文提到的为推动社会和政治运动而创作的艺术，让读者更清晰地理解20 世纪街
头艺术的这一发展特点。故选F。
4．下文“Bringing these images into the classroom and spaces with teens engages them and sparks relevant
conversations. (把这些图像带到教室里和青少年所在的空间，能吸引他们并引发相关对话。)”强调了将街头
艺术相关图像与青少年互动带来的效果。D 选项“Younger generations travel to sites of outdoor work to
engage with the art (年轻一代前往户外艺术作品所在地与艺术互动)”与下文内容相呼应，都是围绕年轻一代
与街头艺术的互动展开，体现了街头艺术对年轻一代的吸引力以及能引发交流的作用，在逻辑上紧密相连。
故选D。
5．下文“This not only promotes diversity in the arts but also exposes young people to professional artists who
look like them and empowers them to explore the arts as a viable career choice. (这不仅促进了艺术的多样性，还
让年轻人接触到和他们相似的专业艺术家，并鼓励他们将艺术作为一种可行的职业选择。)”阐述了某种做
法带来的多方面积极影响。E 选项“Try selecting artists of diverse backgrounds whose works highlight various
styles (尝试选择不同背景的艺术家，他们的作品突出各种风格)”解释了达到下文所描述效果的一种具体方
式，即选择不同背景的艺术家，与下文在促进艺术多样性以及让年轻人接触不同艺术家等方面相契合。故
选E。
1.【2025 全国二卷】Unexpected Benefits of Volunteering as a Family
Are you looking for a way to bring your family together? Hoping to find a hobby that can be shared by both
the little ones and adults? 36 You may know the “feel-good” emotions that come with helping others, but
there are even more unexpected ways volunteering will positively affect the whole family.
●You’ll feel like you have more time.
People often feel they are too busy to volunteer. Yet, research has found that giving your time to community
causes actually makes you feel like you have more of it. 37
●You can live longer if you volunteer regularly.
38 Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and
maintained overall health longer than others their age. Volunteers are also more likely to look after their own health
and are more focused on adding physical activity into their lives.
● 39
Volunteering during teenage years has been linked to some major positive effects such as improved grades
and increased self-confidence. These effects aren’t just short-term but have been proved to affect a teen’s well-
being in the years to come.
●You’ll have more time with family.
Families who volunteer together have the unique experience of working toward a common goal. 40
Everyone brings something unique to the table and can connect with each other in a new way. And, there are tasks
for every age and ability, so all your children can feel proud of their work.
A．Helping the community lowers rates of depression.
B．Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need.
C．Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers.
D．Volunteering can be the first step in breaking down prejudice.
E．For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits.
F．You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn’t know about before.
G．Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day.
【答案】36．B 37．G 38．E 39．C 40．F
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍家庭共同参与志愿活动带来的意外好处，包括感觉时间更充裕、
促进身体健康、对青少年产生长远积极影响以及增进家庭互动等。
36．根据上文“Are you looking for a way to bring your family together? Hoping to find a hobby that can be
shared by both the little ones and adults? (你在寻找让家人团聚的方法吗？希望找到一个大人和小孩都能参与
的爱好吗)”可知，此处以提问方式引出家庭共同活动的需求，空格处需给出解决方案。B 选项
“Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need. (全家一起做志愿者可能正是你需要的)”中的
“Volunteering as a family”直接回应“bring your family together”和“shared hobby”，引出下文对家庭志愿活
动好处的具体说明，符合语境。故选B 项。
37．根据段落主题句“You’ll feel like you have more time. (你会觉得自己有更多时间)”及上文“Yet, research
has found that giving your time to community causes actually makes you feel like you have more of it. (然而，研
究发现，把时间投入到社区事业中实际上会让你觉得自己拥有更多时间)”可推知，设空处需解释“感觉时
间更多”的原因。G 选项“Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day.
(志愿活动让你感觉有能力，并激励你充分利用每一天)”中的“makes you feel capable”和“inspires you to
make the most of each day”从心理层面解释了为何志愿活动会让人产生时间更充裕的感觉，与“feel like you
have more time”形成因果关联。故选G 项。
38．根据下文“Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and
maintained overall health longer than others their age. (华盛顿大学研究发现，55 岁及以上的成年人中，参与
志愿服务的人群比同龄人拥有更优的记忆力，且能更长久地维持整体健康状态)”可知，本段聚焦志愿活动
对成年人身体健康的益处。E 选项“For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits. (对
成年人来说，志愿活动可以带来显著的身体健康益处)”中的“For adults”对应“adults 55 and
older”，“physical health benefits”概括了“better memory”和“maintained overall health”，与本段的主题吻合。
故选E 项。
39．根据下文“Volunteering during teenage years has been linked to some major positive effects such as
improved grades and increased self-confidence. These effects aren’t just short-term but have been proved to affect
teen’s well-being in the years to come. (青少年时期参与志愿服务已被证实与一些重要的积极影响相关，例如
成绩提升和自信心增强。这些影响并非只是短期的，而是已被证明会在未来数年持续影响青少年的身心健
康)”可知，本段主题为志愿活动对青少年的长期影响。C 选项“Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and
teenagers. (志愿活动对儿童和青少年有终身影响)”中的“lifelong effect”对应“affect teen’s well-being in the
years to come”，“on kids and teenagers”覆盖段落讨论的年龄群体，符合段落主旨。故选C 项。
40．根据上文“Families who volunteer together have the unique experience of working toward a common goal.
(一起做志愿者的家庭有朝着共同目标努力的独特经历)”及下文“Everyone brings something unique to the
table and can connect with each other in a new way. (每个人都能带来独特的东西，并能以新的方式相互联系)”
可推知，设空处需补充家庭志愿活动中成员间的具体互动。F 选项“You may even learn that your kid has
talent you didn’t know about before. (你甚至可能会发现你的孩子有你以前不知道的天赋)”中的“learn that
your kid has talent”体现“Everyone brings something unique”，且“in a new way”对应“发现孩子未知天赋”
的新颖体验，衔接上下文。故选F 项。
2.【2025 浙江1 月卷】One of the most common mistakes in communication is trying to do too much.
36 There’s no value in delivering any kind of communication, whether written, spoken, formal, or informal, if
the message doesn’t come across clearly. Being clear and brief — while maintaining interest and including
everything your listeners need to know — is a high-level communication skill.
Here are some tips worth following in order to communicate more effectively.
Keep your audience in mind.
Your audience will naturally be more interested and engaged when you tailor your communications to their
interests. 37 This will engage their desire to understand and interact with the information.
Don’t use ten words when one will do.
Even the most engaged and committed audience will eventually get bored. Keeping your message simple and
clear will make it easier for people to understand. 38 However, they’re hearing it for the first time. Keep
it simple.
39
If you’ve ever worked as an instructor, manager, trainer or coach, you’ll know that there are few better ways
to learn new information than to teach it. Ask the audience to contribute their ideas or to take a role in explaining
new concepts and policies to others. Allow them to lead discussions and meetings to develop their communication
skills.
Consider the best method to deliver your message.
If the information you’re communicating isn’t urgent, consider sending an email. Written communication
will give your audience more time to review it, think it over, and follow up with questions. 40
Building effective communication skills takes time, but the effects are worth the effort.
A．Be patient.
B．Get the audience involved.
C．The best messages are often simple.
D．Speak directly to what matters to them.
E．You may be surprised by what your listeners offer.
F．It will also give them a handy record to refer back to.
G．As the speaker, you already know what you’re going to say.
【答案】36．C 37．D 38．G 39．B 40．F
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些更有效地进行沟通的技巧。
36．上文“One of the most common mistakes in communication is trying to do too much.(沟通中最常见的错误
之一就是试图做得太多)”指出“做得太多”是沟通中易犯的错误，C 选项“The best messages are often
simple.(最好的信息往往是简单的)”承接上文，明确正确沟通方法，即不要“做得太多”，要避免复杂，追
求简单，句中“simple”与上文“too much”形成对比。故选C 项。
37．上文“Your audience will naturally be more interested and engaged when you tailor your communications to
their interests.(当你根据受众的兴趣来调整你的沟通内容时，他们自然会更感兴趣、更投入)”强调要迎合受
众兴趣，D 选项“Speak directly to what matters to them.(直接谈论对他们重要的事情)”进一步说明了具体做
法，即直接针对受众关心的事情进行交流，与上文逻辑一致。故选D 项。
38．下文“However, they’re hearing it for the first time.(然而，他们是第一次听到这些)”与设空句之间是转折
关系。G 选项“As the speaker, you already know what you’re going to say.(作为演讲者，你已经知道你要说什
么了)”与下文构成转折，演讲者自己熟悉内容，但听众是初次接触，同时，句中“what you’re going to say”
与下文中指示代词“it”构成指代关系，上下文逻辑连贯。故选G 项。
39．下文“If you’ve ever worked as an instructor, manager, trainer or coach, you’ll know that there are few better
ways to learn new information than to teach it. Ask the audience to contribute their ideas or to take a role in
explaining new concepts and policies to others.(如果你曾经当过导师、经理、培训师或教练，你就会知道，没
有比教别人更好的学习新信息的方法了。让听众贡献他们的想法，或者让他们扮演向他人解释新概念和政
策的角色)”建议让受众参与其中，B 选项“Get the audience involved.(让受众参与进来)”能概括这部分内容，
适合作段首小标题。故选B 项。
40．上文“If the information you’re communicating isn’t urgent, consider sending an email. Written
communication will give your audience more time to review it, think it over, and follow up with questions.(如果你
传达的信息不紧急，考虑发电子邮件。书面沟通会给你的受众更多时间来复习、思考，并跟进提问)”说明
了发邮件这种书面沟通的好处，F 选项“It will also give them a handy record to refer back to.(它还会给他们提
供一个方便查阅的记录)”进一步补充了发邮件的另一个好处，与上文逻辑紧密。故选F 项。
3.【2025 北京卷】What is adulthood? Societies all over the world view the concept of an adult as self-
supporting and self-directed, because it identifies a point in the life cycle.
As Alice Black points out, today’s parents’ fear of letting kids do more housework has added to their inability
to feel competent and, thus, confident in themselves. Psychologist Robert Turner wrote about this in his book, The
Life Cycle, mentioning a stage when kids learn self-direction and mastery. ____35____
But Turner’s other cycles are just as important. ____36____ If these life cycles are delayed, interrupted, or
denied, you feel incapable of accessing your states of self, controlling unpleasant feelings, and manipulating (操控)
the energy that puts together the fabric of your inner world.
Turner wisely said that “doing well” psychologically is being able to roll with the flow of emotions, manage
them, communicate clearly and well with others, and master various skills. This requires an internal locus (核心) of
control, which implies self-control of your thoughts, feelings, and actions. ____37____ You’re self-directed and
not reliant on the world to tell you who you are. And you know who you are within all this.
So, being an adult isn’t just holding a job. Being an adult is about having a rooted sense of self while being
capable of identifying and managing your emotions and actions. ____38____ We are a social species, so this is
important.
While raising an adult is a parent’s job, it’s also our responsibility as a society to ensure that we support
schools that nurture (培养) emotional and identity development. ____39____
A. It’s also our job to support adults who need help repairing incomplete life cycles.
B. They talk about someone’s inability to support themselves through work.
C. It’s being able to show understanding when communicating with others.
D. In other words, you’re playing the game of life — life isn’t playing you.
E. They teach emotional awareness and management as well as identity.
F. You feel like an 18-year old, especially when playing 80s music.
G. When this stage is denied it creates a sense of insecurity.
【答案】35. G 36. E 37. D 38. C 39. A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要探讨了成年人的定义及其所需具备的特质，并强调了社会在培养成
年人方面的责任。
【35 题详解】
由上文“As Alice Black points out, today’s parents’ fear of letting kids do more housework has added to their
inability to feel competent and, thus, confident in themselves. Psychologist Robert Turner wrote about this in his
book, The Life Cycle, mentioning a stage when kids learn self-direction and mastery. (正如Alice Black 所指出的，
如今父母害怕让孩子做更多家务，这加剧了孩子们无法感受到自身的能力，进而也导致他们对自己缺乏自
信。心理学家Robert Turner 在他的著作《生命周期》中提到了这一点，他提到了孩子们学习自我指导和掌
握技能的阶段。)”可知，本空应强调这个阶段的重要性或缺失这个阶段会带来什么影响。G 选项“When
this stage is denied it creates a sense of insecurity. (当这个阶段被剥夺时，就会产生一种不安全感。)”符合题意，
承接上文，说明了这个阶段被剥夺的后果。故选G。
【36 题详解】
由上文“But Turner’s other cycles are just as important. (但Turner 的其他周期也同样重要。)”以及下文“If
these life cycles are delayed, interrupted, or denied, you feel incapable of accessing your states of self, controlling
unpleasant feelings, and manipulating (操控) the energy that puts together the fabric of your inner world. (如果这
些生命周期被延迟、中断或拒绝，你会觉得自己无法进入自我状态，无法控制不愉快的情绪，也无法操控
构成你内心世界结构的能量。)”可知，本空应解释它们的重要性体现在哪里。E 选项“They teach emotional
awareness and management as well as identity. (它们教授情感意识和管理以及身份认同。)”能承上启下，符合
题意。故选E。
【37 题详解】
由上文“Turner wisely said that “doing well” psychologically is being able to roll with the flow of emotions,
manage them, communicate clearly and well with others, and master various skills. This requires an internal locus
(核心) of control, which implies self-control of your thoughts, feelings, and actions. (Turner 明智地指出，从心理
上讲，“做得好”就是能够顺应情绪的流动，管理它们，与他人清晰而良好地沟通，并掌握各种技能。这
需要一个内部的控制点，这意味着对自己的思想、情感和行动进行自我控制。)”可知，本空应进一步解释
这种内部控制点或自我控制的意义。D 选项“In other words, you’re playing the game of life — life isn’t
playing you. (换句话说，你是在玩人生的游戏——而不是人生在玩你。)”能承接上文，符合题意，用比喻的
方式解释了内部控制点的意义，即你能够掌控自己的人生，而不是被人生所掌控。故选D。
【38 题详解】
由上文“So, being an adult isn’t just holding a job. Being an adult is about having a rooted sense of self while
being capable of identifying and managing your emotions and actions. (所以，成为一个成年人不仅仅是拥有一
份工作。成为一个成年人意味着拥有一种根深蒂固的自我意识，同时能够识别和管理自己的情绪和行
动。)”可知，本空应进一步描述成年人的其他特质或能力。C 选项“It’s being able to show understanding
when communicating with others. (它是在与他人交流时能够表现出理解。)”能承接上文，符合题意，补充了
成年人在与他人交流时应具备的能力，即表现出理解。故选C。
【39 题详解】
由上文“While raising an adult is a parent’s job, it’s also our responsibility as a society to ensure that we support
schools that nurture (培养) emotional and identity development. (虽然培养一个成年人是父母的工作，但作为社
会，我们也有责任确保我们支持那些培养情感和身份发展的学校。)”可知，本空应进一步描述社会在培养
成年人方面的其他责任。A 选项“It’s also our job to support adults who need help repairing incomplete life
cycles. (支持那些需要帮助修复不完整生命周期的成年人也是我们的工作。)”能承接上文，符合题意，补充
了社会在培养成年人方面的另一项责任，即支持那些需要帮助修复不完整生命周期的成年人。故选A。
4.【2024 新课标Ⅰ卷】Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it's vital to submit
a perfect, professionally presented manuscript (原稿). ____36____ No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does
not take the trouble to spell words correctly.
I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典). I don't trust my
laptop's spellchecker. ____37____ Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but
I'm old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise
Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus.
____38____ It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words
whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.
In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a
bookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2,672 pages, it's not exactly short. It contains around 163,000
words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases. ____39____ However, if I need to check the origin of a
word or to look up examples of its usage, there's nothing better.
For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the
English Language published in 1755. "To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work," wrote Johnson, illustrating one
definition of "dull". ____40____ A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding
experience.
A. I don't often use this dictionary.
B. It takes no account of the context.
C. But I still don't want to replace them.
D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.
E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.
F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.
G. Dictionaries don't always give you enough information.
【答案】36. F 37. B 38. E 39. A 40. D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者使用英语词典的经验和心得以及从中获得的乐趣。
【36 题详解】
上文“If you want to be published, it’s vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript(如果你想发
表，提交一份完美的、专业的手稿是至关重要的)”提到了完美的、专业的手稿的重要性，手稿中不能有语
法和拼写错误是专业的手稿的要求之一。F 选项“That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.(这意味
着语法正确，没有拼写错误。)”是对手稿要求的进一步解释说明，符合题意。故选F 项。
【37 题详解】
上文“I don’t trust my laptop’s spellchecker.(我不相信我笔记本电脑的拼写检查器。)”提到了作者不相信电脑
的拼写检查器;下文“Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I’m old-
fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers.(当然，现在有很多在线词
典和同义词库，但我是一个守旧的人，更喜欢精装的书和能用手指翻阅的书页。)”提到了作者更喜欢实体
书和能用手指翻阅的书页，说明电子设备可能不会考虑上下文，所以B 选项“It takes no account of the
context.(它不考虑上下文。)”解释了上文的原因，具有承上启下的作用。故选B 项。
【38 题详解】
下文“It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose
meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.(它应该给出每个单
词的精确定义，从而将其与其他含义相似但不相同的单词区分开来。它通常还会显示单词的发音。)”提到
了字典的功能，E 选项“Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.(当然，字典不仅仅是用来拼写的。)”
提到了字典的部分功能，能引起下文内容。故选E 项。
【39 题详解】
下文“However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there’s nothing better.
(然而，如果我需要检查一个单词的来源或查找其用法的例子，没有什么比这更好的了。)”提到了字典的使
用情况，A 选项“I don’t often use this dictionary.(我不经常用这本字典。)”是对字典使用频率的说明，与下
文构成转折关系。故选A 项。
【40 题详解】
上文“ “To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work, ” wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of ”dull".(约翰逊
在解释“dull”的一个定义时写道：“编字典是件无聊的工作(乏味)。”)”提到了编写字典是件乏味的工作，
下文“A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.(花几分钟的时间
浏览一两页是一种有益的体验。)”提到浏览字典也是一种阅读的乐趣，D 选项“But a dictionary can be a
pleasure to read.(但是一本字典读起来是一种乐趣。)”是作者对字典的评价，与上文的“乏味”形成对比，
与上文构成转折关系。故选D 项。
5.【2024 新课标ⅠⅠ卷】Overtourism Is For Real: How Can You Help?
Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and
communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. ___16___
Certainly not. The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world. Here are some tips on making
wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience.
●Choose mindfully. Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online
posts featuring the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape,
culture or food deeply draws you. ___17___
●Get creative. The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. Though
overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world, it’s actually concentrated to a small number of
extremely popular spots. That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from. ___18___ Why not try a
regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights?
● ___19___ Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour. You’ll
compete with fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place, and boost the economy
when tourism is traditionally slower.
Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege(荣幸). Do your part to preserve what makes a destination
special in the first place. ___20___ You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there.
A. Visit during off-peak times.
B. So, should we stop traveling?
C. Travel for you and no one else.
D. Can overtourism be avoided then?
E. You can still find relatively undiscovered places.
F. You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it.
G. Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting.
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. E 19. A 20. G
【解析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了如何避免“过度旅游”的现象。
【16 题详解】
前文“Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and
communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations.(旅游促进
理解，扩展我们的思想，使我们成为更好的人，促进当地经济和社区，但旅游业的快速发展导致了某些地
区和目的地的过度旅游)” 表明旅游带来了一些问题，后文“ The loss of what travel offers would be
unacceptable in today’s world.(在当今世界，失去旅行所能提供的东西将是不可接受的)”表示不能失去旅行，
结合后文“Certainly not.(当然不)”可知，空处提问能否停止旅行，D 选项“那么，我们应该停止旅行
吗？”符合语境。故选B。
【17 题详解】
前文“Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online posts featuring the
same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food
deeply draws you.(游客过多的目的地是有原因的：它们很特别。网上有这么多关于同一个地方的帖子，很
容易让你觉得你错过了。只有当风景、文化或食物深深吸引你时，才去某个地方)”表明不要跟风旅游，C
选项“为你而不是其他人旅行”表明要关注自己在旅行时的感受，忠实自己的感受，不用管其余的建议，
符合语境。故选C。
【18 题详解】
前文“That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from.(这意味着你有很多不太受欢迎的选择)
及后文“Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights?( 为什么不尝
试一个地区性的选择，或者看看一个热门目的地不太为人所知的景点呢)”提出建议，可以选择一些冷门的
景点，E 选项“你仍然可以找到相对未被发现的地方”语境一致。故选E。
【19 题详解】
空处为小标题，根据后文“Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour.
(通过跳过重大节假日或高峰时间来最小化影响并最大化体验)”表示旅游时要注意避开高峰期，选择合适的
时间，A 选项“在非高峰时间参观”概括本段内容。故选A。
【20 题详解】
前文“Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place.(尽你的一份力，从一开始就保
护一个目的地的特别之处)”表明旅游时应保护旅游景点，后文“You may be amazed how much closer you’ll
feel to the people there.(你可能会惊讶地发现你和那里的人感觉如此亲近)”表示这样做的感受，G 选项“考虑
回馈你所访问的社区”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
6.【2024 全国甲卷】What is moderation (适度)? Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body
needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. ____16____ But it doesn't mean saying
goodbye to the foods you love.
Take your time. It's important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just
something to eat in between meetings. ____17____ It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body
that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full.
Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, “specially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to
mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It's more challenging to eat in moderation if
you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. ____18____
Control emotional (情绪的) eating. ____19____ Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant
emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can
regain control over the food you eat and your feelings.
____20____ A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals
keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14 — 16 hours until
breakfast the next morning. Studies suggest that eating only when you're most active and giving your digestive
system a long break each day may help to regulate weight.
A. Eat properly throughout the day.
B. We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger.
C. Don't swallow a meal on the way to work.
D. Most of us need to double the amount we eat.
E. Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.
F. For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now.
G. That won't lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan.
【答案】16. F 17. C 18. E 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【16 题详解】
上文“Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs, You should feel satisfied at the end of a
meal, but not too full. (基本上，它意味着只吃你身体需要的食物，你应该在用餐结束时感到满足，但不要太
饱)”指出，进餐时不要吃太饱，吃东西要适量。下文“But it doesn’t mean saying goodbye to the foods you
love. (但这并不意味着要告别你喜欢的食物)”指出，适量进食不是要放弃吃自己喜欢的食物。F 项“对我们
许多人来说，节制意味着比现在少吃。”解释了何为适量进食。承上启下，符合文意，选项中的“means”
与下文一致。故选F 项。
【17 题详解】
根据上文“Take your time. It’s important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than
just something to eat in between meetings. (慢慢来。放慢脚步，把食物看作是有营养的东西，而不仅仅是会
议间隙吃的东西，这一点很重要)”可推知，本段主要建议读者吃东西要细嚼慢咽，不要过于急躁。C 项
“上班路上不要狼吞虎咽。”承接上文。符合文意。故选C 项。
【18 题详解】
上文“It’s more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. (如果你
已经准备好了不健康的零食，比如饼干，那么适量食用就更具挑战性了。)”指出，吃不健康的食物不利于
适度饮食，E 项“相反，你应该选择健康的食物。”符合文意，建议读者选择健康的食物。选项中的
“healthy”与上文中的“unhealthy”相对应。故选E 项。
【19 题详解】
根据本段首句“Control emotional (情绪的) eating. (控制情绪化进食)”以及下文“Many of us also turn to food
to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom.(我们中的许多人也会求助于食物来处
理不愉快的情绪，如悲伤、孤独或无聊)”可推知，本段主要建议读者不要情绪化的进行暴饮暴食，要进行
健康饮食。B 项“我们吃东西并不总是为了充饥。”指出有些人吃东西并不总是为了充饥，引出下文有些
人通过食物发泄情绪，符合语境。故选B 项。
【20 题详解】
设空处位于段首，总结全段，下文“A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating
small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day, Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14
— 16 hours until breakfast the next morning. (健康的早餐可以启动你的新陈代谢，而吃少量健康的食物可以
让你一整天都精力充沛，避免在深夜进食。尽量早点吃晚饭，禁食14 — 16 个小时，直到第二天早上吃早
餐。)”指出，我们在一天中的每个时间段都要健康饮食。A 项“一整天都要适当饮食。”符合语境。故选
A 项。
7.【2024 北京卷】If you want to develop maximum credibility (可信性), is it better to be a hedgehog (刺猬)
or a fox? According to Isaiah Berlin, the hedgehog knows one thing very well, and the fox knows a lot of things.
Is there a clear advantage of one style over the other? Hedgehog thinkers tend to answer yes. ___35___ And
they are usually very credible in doing so. According to Jim Hart, the “hedgehog concept” is one of the factors that
lead companies to greatness. They focus on one thing and do it really well. They figure out what they are good at.
___36___ The hedgehog concept makes perfect sense for companies.
___37___ Philip Tate has studied the track records of those folks on the Sunday talk shows who make
predictions about what will happen. He has found that hedgehogs are not only wrong more often than foxes, but
that they are less likely to recognise or admit that they are wrong when events do not match their predictions.
The advantage that. foxes have is that they are more likely to seek out new information from a broader range
of sources, and are comfortable with uncertainty and new information. ___38___ They try to include it in their
viewpoint rather than to exclude it from their thinking. They also have a clearer estimation of what they know and
don’t know.
So, which is better? The question can be answered in a foxy hedgehog style. ___39___ The choice between
being a hedgehog or a fox is a false trade-off. The most effective way to go through life is to try to be that rare
mixture known as foxy hedgehog.
A. In other words, there are clear advantages for each.
B. They are more likely to remember people’s mistakes.
C. Hence, they have the advantage of clarity and confidence.
D. But there can be a downside to concentration on one big thing.
E. However, hedgehogs remain open to others’ reactions and inputs.
F. When something is contradictory to their view, they don’t treat it as exceptional.
G. They come down squarely on one side or the other and fully support their position.
【答案】35. G 36. C 37. D 38. F 39. A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了拥有“刺猬”型思维方式和“狐狸”型思维方式的两类人对于个
人和企业建立信誉度的优劣势。
【35 题详解】
根据上文“Hedgehog thinkers tend to answer yes.(拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人倾向于给出肯定的答案)” 可
知，拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人倾向于给出肯定的答案，G 项中They 指代上文中的Hedgehog，G 项
“他们明确地站在一边或另一边，并全力支持自己的立场”说明拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人往往有明确
的立场，承接上文，符合语境。故选G。
【36 题详解】
根据上文“They focus on one thing and do it really well. They figure out what they are good at. (他们专注于一件
事并把它做得很好。他们知道自己擅长什么)”可知，拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人具备优点，他们可以专
注于一件事并知道自己擅长什么。C 项“因此，他们的优势是（头脑）清楚和自信”进一步说明拥有“刺
猬”型思维方式的人的优点，承接上文，符合语境。故选C。
【37 题详解】
根据下文“He has found that hedgehogs are not only wrong more often than foxes, but that they are less likely to
recognise or admit that they are wrong when events do not match their predictions. (他发现，拥有“刺猬”型思
维方式的人不仅比拥有“狐狸”型思维方式的人更容易出错，而且当事情与他们的预测不相符时他们不太
可能意识到，也不太可能承认自己错了)”可知，此处介绍拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人的缺点。D 项“但
是，把注意力集中在一件大事上可能会有不利的一面” 引出下文，介绍拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人具
备缺点，符合语境。故选D。
【38 题详解】
根据上文“The advantage that foxes have is that they are more likely to seek out new information from a broader
range of sources, and are comfortable with uncertainty and new information. (“狐狸”型思维方式的人的优势在
于，他们更有可能从更广泛的来源中寻找新信息，并且对不确定性和新信息感到舒适)”和下文“They try to
include it in their viewpoint rather than to exclude it from their thinking. (他们试图将其纳入自己的观点，而不
是将其排除在自己的思维之外)”可知，此处介绍拥有“狐狸”型思维方式的人处理事情的方式。F 项“当
某件事与他们的观点相矛盾时，他们不会把它当作例外”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。
【39 题详解】
根据上文“The question can be answered in a foxy hedgehog style. (这个问题可以用“像狐狸的刺猬”风格来
回答)”和下文“The choice between being a hedgehog or a fox is a false trade-off. (成为拥有“刺猬”型思维方
式的人还是拥有“狐狸”型思维方式的人的选择是一种错误的权衡)”可知，拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人
和拥有“狐狸”型思维方式的人各有优势。A 项“换句话说，两者都有其明显的优势”承上启下，符合语
境。故选A。
8.【2024 浙江1 月卷】In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the university
and college experience. ___16___ But are all online courses created equal? How can you be sure that digital
learning is right for you? ___17___
We interviewed students and professors to get their advice about online courses, The most obvious advantage
of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime. ___18___ “I think a point that many people lose
sight of is how easy it can be to fall behind schedule,” says graduate student Amanda Bindman. Before choosing to
study online, consider whether you’re a self-motivated learner and if the material seems interesting enough to keep
you going.
The tip that comes up most often is simple: build online courses into your weekly schedule, just like what you
would do with in person courses. ___19___ He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades. It
is so easy to let an online course slide, but your grades will suffer as a result. Be sure to schedule set times to watch
your lectures, read materials and contribute to online discussion boards.
___20___ A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are things you can do to ease this
problem. Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking online courses with a friend, so you can motivate
each other to stay on track. You can also find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group, or
schedule in-person meeting s with your professor to discuss course concepts.
A. But that doesn’t mean there aren’t deadlines.
B. Your motivation should be your main concern.
C. Do you know that online courses are also part of your education?
D. Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online.
E. The chief complain t about online courses is that they lack human interaction.
F. If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade?
G. A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses.
【答案】16. G 17. F 18. A 19. D 20. E
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在线学习的注意事项。
【16 题详解】
由上文“In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the university and college
experience. (在过去的几年里，在线学习已经成为大学生活的重要组成部分)”可知，在线学习对大学生活很
重要，本空要说跟“这种现象的具体表现”有关的话题，故G 选项“A survey found that 29 percent of
college students registered for online courses. (一项调查发现，29%的大学生注册了在线课程。)”能承接上文，
符合题意。故选G。
【17 题详解】
由上文“If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade? (但是所有的在线课程
都是平等的吗？你如何确定数字化学习适合你？)”可知，上文对在线课程提出疑问，本空可以继续提出疑
问，故F 选项“If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade? (如果你参加了在
线课程，你能做些什么来确保尽可能好的成绩？)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。
【18 题详解】
由上文“The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime. (在线学习最
明显的优势是你可以随时随地学习)”可知，在线学习具备的优势是可以让你随时随地学习，本空要说跟
“学习时间”有关的话题，故A 选项“But that doesn’t mean there aren’t deadlines. (但这并不意味着没有最
后期限。)”与上文构成转折关系，that 指代上一句话，符合题意。故选A。
【19 题详解】
由下文“He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades. (他指出，他的在线学生最终的成绩
通常较低)”可知，本空要说跟“在线老师”有关的话题，故D 选项“Professor Alex Davidson teaches the
same course in person and online. (Alex Davidson 教授亲自授课和在线授课)”能引起下文，下文中的He 指代
D 项中的“Alex Davidson 教授”，符合题意。故选D。
【20 题详解】
由下文“A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are things you can do to ease this problem.
Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking online courses with a friend, so you can motivate each other
to stay on track. You can also find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group, or schedule in-
person meeting s with your professor to discuss course concepts. (社会关系通常是学习的重要组成部分。你可
以做一些事情来缓解这个问题。本科生杰西卡·平克建议和朋友一起参加在线课程，这样你们就可以互相激
励，坚持下去。你也可以在课堂讨论板上找到学生，组织一个学习小组，或者安排与教授面对面的会议，
讨论课程概念)”可知，本空要说跟“人们之间的互动”有关的话题，故E 选项“The chief complain t about
online courses is that they lack human interaction. (对在线课程的主要抱怨是它们缺乏人与人之间的互动。)”能
引起下文，符合题意。故选E。
9.【2023 年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err ( 犯错) is
human. ____16____ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” ____17____ Are you caring?
Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your
personality that you’re proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve
done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing
without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. ____18____
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ____19____ That way, you could exchange
thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t
wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The
thing is, it’s true. ____20____ We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to
develop and grow.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. F 19. C 20. G
【解析】本文为一篇说明文。文章鼓励人们练习自我宽恕，并提供了一个简单的写作练习来增强自信。通
过列出个人的优点和善良的行为，人们可以学会原谅自己的错误，并从中成长。
【16 题详解】
根据空前内容“Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err
(犯错) is human.(为错误承担责任是积极的一步，但不要因此而自责。人孰能无过。)”可知，作者认为人
都会犯错，勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此而过于自责。结合空后“You can use the following
writing exercise to help you do this.(你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点。)”中的“do this”以
及下文内容可推断，空处应该内容和“不要太自责”相似。选项D“It’s just as important to show yourself
some forgiveness.(宽恕自己也同样重要。)”与“不要太自责”语意相近，起承上启下的作用。故选D。
【17 题详解】
根据空前内容“In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths. ”(在日记或纸上写上
“个人优点”。)”以及空后内容“Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around?
They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.(你有爱心吗？有创造
力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要你个性中让你感
到自豪的方面就行。)”可知，空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。选项B“Now list all the characteristics
you like about yourself.(现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点。)”符合上下文内容，下文内容具体解释那
些是优点。故选B。
【18 题详解】
根据上文内容“At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive
things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did
the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day.(在第二页的顶部，
写上“善举”的标题。在这张单子上，列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。它可能是当你帮助朋友做作
业的时候，当你没有被要求却主动熨衣服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干的时候。)”可知，
本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。选项F“Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write
it down.(不管是什么，不管它看起来有多小，都要把它写下来。)”与上文内容一致，讲述的是不管你所做
的事情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都记下来。故选F。
【19 题详解】
根据空后内容“That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of
your personality that shine through.(这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以
及你们个性中闪光的方面。)”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见等。
选项C“They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.(他们甚至可能想试一试做练习。)”符合语境，
C 项中的“they”与空前的“You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list.(你可以让朋友或
家人帮你增加你的列表内容。)”中的“a friend or family member”保持一致，同时选项C 和下文“In fact,
don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.(事实上，
不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法。)”中的“this”一致。
故选C。
【20 题详解】
根据空前内容“It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their
mistakes. The thing is, it’s true.(大多数人不是从他们的成功中学习，而是从他们的错误中学习，这是陈词滥
调。但事实是，这是真的。)”可知，作者认为人是从错误中学习。选项G“Whatever the mistake,
remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.(不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一
面。)”符合语境，G 项中的“isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality”和空后内容“We’ re all changing and
learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.(我们一直在改变和学习，错误是一种
积极的发展和成长的方式。)”保持一致，指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的一面，我们是通过错误来成长。
故选G。
10.【2023 年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I’m often asked by
curious followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember,
though, what it was like to be a complete beginner. So I’ve put together some good tips for starting an art journey.
·Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration
and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. ___16___ You’ll want to look back on your
journey to see how far you’ve come.
·Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether
you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. ___17___
·Continually challenge yourself to try something new. ___18___ Artistic growth can be a bit painful.
Welcome to the club；we’ve all been there. I love taking on challenges. I once took up a challenge to create a
painting every day for a month and post the works online.
·___19___ Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social
media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my
level of artistic ability.
The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. ___20___ Push through, give it time and put in the effort.
You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life.
A. Get out of your comfort zone.
B. Make career plans and set goals.
C. Don’t throw away your beginner art.
D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.
F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. A 19. D 20. E
【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了了一些开始艺术之旅的好建议。
【16 题详解】
根据前文“Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide
inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. (从小开始。我建议使用一个素描本
进行小规模的学习和实践。这些小的学习和实践可以提供灵感，并成为未来更复杂的作品的跳板)”以及后
文“You’ll want to look back on your journey to see how far you’ve come. (你会想要回顾一下自己的艺术之旅，
看看自己已经取得多少进步)”可知，空处应是一个过渡句，从给出建议使用一个素描本进行小规模的学习
和实践，到回顾自己的艺术之旅，所以C 项“Don’t throw away your beginner art. (不要扔掉你的初学时的艺
术作品)”符合文意，和后文形成顺承关系。故选C 项。
【17 题详解】
分析设空处，位于段尾，是对本段的总结，根据前文“Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to
improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as
much as possible. (经常作画，且从生活中作画。没有什么比不断练习更能提高你的艺术水平了。无论你是
绘制静物、肖像还是风景，都要尽可能地从真实生活中去观察和绘制)”可知，本段主要讲述不断练习绘画，
所以G 项“You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. (你会逐渐形成只有通
过反复练习才能获得的绘画肌肉记忆)”是对前文的总结。故选G 项。
【18 题详解】
分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文
“Continually challenge yourself to try something new. (不断挑战自己，尝试新事物)”以及后文“Artistic
growth can be a bit painful. (艺术的成长可能会有点痛苦)”可知，A 项“Get out of your comfort zone. (走出你
的舒适区)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选A 项。
【19 题详解】
分析设空处，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is
crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me
feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability. (寻求并接受有建设性的反馈对于你的成长非常
重要。我在社交媒体上发布我的作品，并因此结识了一些最友好的人。无论我的艺术水平如何，他们都让
我感到受到了重视和尊重)”可知，本段主要讲述了是分享自己的作品，所以D 项“Share your work if you
feel comfortable doing so. (如果你感觉舒适的话，分享你的作品)”符合文意，是本段的中心句。故选D 项。
【20 题详解】
分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文“The
journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. (你的旅程不会是一条笔直的道路)”以及后文“Push through,
give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life. (坚持下去，给它时间，付出努力。
你将收获艺术生活的回报)”可知，E 项“You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times. (你会遇到
障碍，有时你会感到气馁)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选E 项。
11.【2023 年全国乙卷】Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they
are the unsung heroes of the home. ____16____, but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing
by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What’s more, indoor plants are easy to
look after and are not very expensive.
What are indoor plants?
Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these
species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter. ____17____.
Why are indoor plants good for you?
Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens, says, “____18____. I find during the winter months,
plants around the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants
can improve creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around
them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or
cooking. ____19____.
Which plants can you grow?
Aloe vera, peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. You can buy
plants from supermarkets, garden centres or online. Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and
you get to care for them as they mature — which is part of the joy of owning plants. “____20____,” Spoelstra says.
“It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to make the link between home and nature.”
A. All plants are different
B. Not only do they look beautiful
C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors
D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer
E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tongue are among the best
F. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help
G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. C 19. E 20. G
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是室内植物、室内植物带来的好处及你能种植哪些室内植物。
【16 题详解】
根据下文“but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood (心情),
reducing stress and helping their memory.(而且研究表明，它们可以通过改善情绪、减轻压力和帮助增强记忆
力来促进人们的健康)”可知，此处与下文是递进关系，构成not only…but“不仅……而且……”结构。由
此可知，B. Not only do they look beautiful(它们不仅看起来很漂亮)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选B。
【17 题详解】
根据上文“Many of these species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the
winter.(这些品种中的许多都不适合在英国户外生长，尤其是在冬天)”可知，有些植物不适合在户外寒冷的
环境中生长，即适合在温暖的地方生长。由此可知，D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer(相
反，它们在温暖的室内生长得更好)能够承接上文，符合语境。故选D。
【18 题详解】
根据下文“I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.(我发现在冬天的几
个月里，房子周围的植物真的能提升你的情绪)”可知，室内植物对人有好处。由此可知，C. There are
many benefits to growing plants indoors(在室内种植植物有很多好处)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选C。
【19 题详解】
根据上文“There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful
gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking.(也有研究表明，
盆栽植物可以通过去除二氧化碳等有害气体来净化周围的空气。它们还能去除油漆或烹饪中的一些有害化
学物质)”可知，盆栽植物能够清除有害物质。由此可知，E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tongue are
among the best(像和平百合和魔芋之类的植物是最好的)能够承接上文，列举了在这方面做的最好的植物，
符合语境。故选E。
【20 题详解】
根据上文“Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature-
which is part of the joy of owning plants.(年轻的植物通常比成熟的植物便宜，而且你可以在它们成熟时照顾
它们——这是拥有植物的乐趣之一)”可知，不同的植物需求是不同的。由此可知，G. Learning about the
requirements of each plant can be very rewarding(了解每种植物的需求是非常有益的)能够承接上文，同时引
起下文，下文“It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to make the link between home
and nature.”(它可以为人们的生活带来新的兴趣和焦点，并有助于建立家庭与自然之间的联系。)”具体介
绍了了解每种植物的需求的好处。故选G。
12.【2023 年全国甲卷】Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person
Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? There
is one answer. ___16___.
In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However,
research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.
●Practice gratitude (感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.
___17___. “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California.
● Make yourself wait
Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research
suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit
of waiting is to practice. ___18___. Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra
minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply
it to other, more annoying situations.
● ___19___.
So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we
experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to
say to yourself, “___20___.” You’ll then gradually become more patient.
A. Find your causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncomfortable
D. All this adds up to a state of hurry
E. It can also help us practice more patience
F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. B 19. C 20. F
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了变得耐心的一些方法。
【16 题详解】
根据上文“Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common?
There’s one answer. (这里有一个谜语：交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始有什么共同之处？答案只有一
个)”可知，本句说明上文谜语的答案，结合“交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期”这些情况可知都需要耐心。
故G 选项“在这些情况下，我们都需要一点额外的耐心”符合语境，故选G。
【17 题详解】
根据上文“Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more
optimistic.(感恩有很多好处：研究表明，感恩让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观)”以及后文
““Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. (加州大学
的研究员叶丽说：“表达感激可以培养自我控制能力。”)”可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处，可知本句
继续说明感恩的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E 选项中It 指代上文Thankfulness。故E 选项
“它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心”符合语境，故选E。
【18 题详解】
根据上文“And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. (我们养成等待习惯的唯一方法
就是练习)”以及后文“Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before
going for that cake. (把你最喜欢的节目推迟到周末再看，或者多等10 分钟再去吃蛋糕)”可知，后文列举的
事情都是日常的小事，说明要从小事开始练习等待，故B 选项“从小任务开始”符合语境，故选B。
【19 题详解】
根据本段内容“So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when
we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. (我们中的许多人
都认为舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对环境失去耐心)”可知，
本段提到了舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，结合前文的小标题都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨与接受不舒适
相关，C 选项中uncomfortable 对应后文comfortable。故C 选项“接受不舒服”符合语境，故选C。
【20 题详解】
根据上文“You should learn to say to yourself (你应该学会对自己说……)”以及后文“You’ll then gradually
become more patient. (然后你会逐渐变得更有耐心)”结合本段主要说明的是不舒服的状态，可知，本句为
对自己所说的话与接受不舒服相关，故F 选项“这仅仅是不舒服，而不是无法忍受”符合语境，故选F。
13.【2023 年北京卷】It’s a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their
families as they make decisions about where to attend college. Families often turn to rankings systems to help make
a decision. ____35____
When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education, they’re often surprised that teaching excellence is not
counted in rankings. ____36____
Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average, scored higher on teaching
than courses in higher-ranked universities. ____37____ The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is
surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. Quality teaching is one of the most
important predictors of a wide range of college outcomes.
Rankings, however, are only one reason why a low value is placed on teaching in higher education.
Administrators often don’t view teaching excellence as a way to increase enrolment (注册) or funding.
____38____ Research shows that the more time instructors spend on teaching, the lower their salary. What is the
result？ Many instructors continue to teach using traditional lectures, which lead to lower success rates.
____39____ Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching are rewarded with
more resources, higher rankings and increased enrolments. In the long term, universities, organisations that rank
schools, and others should work to make teaching a valued, core part of the mission.
What should students and their families do? They should give strong consideration to universities where high-
quality teaching is valued, even though the schools may be ranked lower.
A. Higher education has achieved its true potential.
B. Therefore, it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion.
C. Quality teaching has been an important reputation-building factor.
D. However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching.
E. Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged.
F. They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities.
G. In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors.
【答案】35. D 36. F 37. G 38. B 39. C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何选择高校提供了一些建议。
【35 题详解】
根据空前内容“It’s a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their families as they
make decisions about where to attend college. Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a decision.( 对
于美国的学生和他们的家人来说，这是一年中既快乐又紧张的时刻， 因为他们要决定去哪里上大学。家
庭经常求助于排名系统来帮助做决定。)”可知，美国的学生和家人们在决定去哪儿上大学时，经常求助于
排名系统。而根据下文第三段“ Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on
average, scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities. (最新的研究表明，排名较低的大
学的课程在教学方面的平均得分高于排名较高的大学的课程。)”可推断出，本文主要讲述的是排名方面出
现的问题。选项D“However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching.(然而，排名忽略了一
个关键因素：教学质量。)”延续上文内容，指出大学排名存在的问题；而根据下文内容也可以推断，排名
中存在的问题是教学质量被忽略。故选D。
【36 题详解】
根据空前内容“When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education, they’re often surprised that teaching
excellence is not counted in rankings.(作为一名研究高等教育的学者，当我与一些家庭交谈时，他们常常惊讶
地发现，优秀的教学水平并没有被纳入排名。)”可知，大学排名中优秀的教学水平并没有被纳入排名让人
们觉得很惊讶。选项F“They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities.(更让他们
惊讶的是，大学竟然低估了教学的价值。)”延续上文内容，指的都是大学排名忽略教学质量。其中“more
surprised”和上文的“surprised”保持一致。故选F。
【37 题详解】
空前内容“Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average, scored higher on
teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities.(最新的研究表明，排名较低的大学的课程在教学方面的平
均得分高于排名较高的大学的课程。)”以及空后内容“The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings
is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. Quality teaching is one of the most
important predictors of a wide range of college outcomes.(考虑到高质量教学与学生成功之间的联系，排名中
没有优秀教学令人惊讶。优质教学是衡量大学成绩的最重要因素之一。)”讲述的都是大学排名中没有考虑
到教学。选项G“In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors.(事实上，大学
经常把重点从教学转移到其他排名因素上。)”与上下文内容相一致，故选G。
【38 题详解】
根据空前内容“ Rankings, however, are only one reason why a low value is placed on teaching in higher
education. Administrators often don’t view teaching excellence as a way to increase enrolment (注册) or funding.
(然而，排名只是高等教育中对教学重视程度较低的一个原因。管理者通常不会将卓越的教学视为增加入学
率或资金的一种方式。)”可知，上文分析了教学不被纳入排名的原因，该空应该讲其后果。选项
B“Therefore, it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion.(因此，它在招聘或晋升中不受重视。)”是上文内
容的延续，正因为管理人员通常不把卓越的教学视为增加入学率或增加资金的一种方式，所以教学在招聘
和晋升中不受重视。故选B。
【39 题详解】
根据下文内容“Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching are rewarded with
more resources, higher rankings and increased enrolments. In the long term, universities, organisations that rank
schools, and others should work to make teaching a valued, core part of the mission.(尽管如此，在拥有高质量教
学的学校获得更多资源、更高排名和增加入学人数之前，不会有太大变化。从长远来看，大学、学校排名
组织和其他机构应该努力使教学成为使命的一个有价值的核心部分。)”可知，作者认为想要强调教学质量
还需要更多努力。根据“Nevertheless”可知，空处内容和下文内容存在转折关系。选项C“Quality
teaching has been an important reputation-building factor.(高质量的教学一直是建立声誉的重要因素。)”强调
了高质量教学的重要性，而下文则话题一转，指出了高质量教学的难处。故选C。
14.【2023 年浙江1 月卷】With gas prices rising and airport security lines snaking longer than ever, why not
book your next domestic vacation on a train? Compared to other alternatives, it’s comfortable and relaxing. Here is
some advice on how to make a trip by rail as pleasant as possible.
Plan ahead. Most long-distance trains, especially the sleeping car accommodations, sell out very quickly.
36 But no matter when you travel, it’s a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance.
Use a travel agent. Consider turning your travel plan over to a travel agent and letting him double-check all
the details, make suggestions, and then handle the actual reservations. A good one can sometimes find you
discounted tickets. 37 Then you won’t have to walk through several cars on a moving train three times a
day for your meals.
Bring a blanket. When you’re riding on trains, you won’t be provided with a blanket for free, even if your
trip is an overnight one. 38 In the summer in particular, the air conditioning can make them quite cold.
Arrive early. Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week, so missing yours can
be a disaster. 39 Note: The times listed on the schedules are departure times, not arrival times.
Have fun. 40 Read a book, knit, do a crossword puzzle, or simply watch the world unfold outside
the window. To calculate your speed as you do, divide 3,600(the number of seconds in an hour)by the number of
seconds it takes you to travel one mile(the distance between two mileposts). If it takes the train 53 seconds to travel
one mile, you’re going 67.92 mph.
A．Train trips aren’t for impatient types.
B．You’ll have views from both sides of the train.
C．The temperature on rail cars is often hard to control.
D．That’s particularly true during busy summer months.
E．You might have to wait longer than 24 hours to catch the next one.
F．Chances are the cost will be a lot less than the cost of one bedroom.
G．He may also book you in a sleeping car that’s right next to the diner.
【答案】36．D 37．G 38．C 39．E 40．A
【解析】本文是说明文。文章讲述一些关于如何使坐火车旅行尽可能愉快的建议。
36．根据上文“Plan ahead. Most long-distance trains, especially the sleeping car accommodations, sell out very
quickly.(提前计划。大多数长途火车，尤其是卧铺，很快就卖光了。)”以及下文“But no matter when you
travel, it’s a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance. (但无论你什么时候去旅行，最好至
少提前90 天预订。)”可知，大多数长途火车的卧铺很容易被定完，所以要提前安排预定，D 项“在繁忙的
夏季尤其如此。”符合语境，D 项中“busy summer months”与前后文呼应，说明忙碌的夏季尤其需要提前
计划。故选D 项。
37．根据上文“A good one can sometimes find you discounted tickets. (一个好的旅行社有时可以帮你找到打
折的票。)”以及下文“Then you won’t have to walk through several cars on a moving train three times a day for
your meals. (这样你就不必为了吃饭而每天三次在行驶的火车上穿过几节车厢了。)”可知，好的旅行社帮你
预定，不仅可以找到打折的票，还可以节省从卧铺到餐车的距离，G 项中“book you in a sleeping car that’s
right next to the diner”与前后文对应，因此推断G 项“他可能还会给你预订餐厅旁边的卧铺车厢。”符合语
境。故选G 项。
38．根据上文“When you’re riding on trains, you won’t be provided with a blanket for free, even if your trip is an
overnight one.(当你乘坐火车时，你不会免费获得一条毯子，即使你的旅行是过夜的。)”以及下文“In the
summer in particular, the air conditioning can make them quite cold. (特别是在夏天，空调会让他们很冷。)”可
知，这里提到了车厢内温度的问题，提醒乘客最好自备毛毯，C 项中“The temperature on rail cars”与前后
文对应，因此推断C 项“列车上的温度通常很难控制。”符合语境。故选C 项。
39．根据上文“Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week, so missing yours can be
a disaster.(大多数火车每天只开一趟，有些火车一周只开三趟，所以错过你的火车可能是一场灾难。)”以及
下文“Note: The times listed on the schedules are departure times, not arrival times. (注意:时刻表上列出的时间
是出发时间，不是到达时间。)”可知，本段提醒要提前安排时间，错过时间是很麻烦的事情，E 项中“You
might have to wait longer”与前后文对应，说明错过火车导致的结果，因此推断E 项“你可能要等上超过24
小时才能赶上下一班。”符合语境。故选E 项。
40．根据上文“Have fun.(玩得开心)”以及下文“To calculate your speed as you do, divide 3,600(the number of
seconds in an hour)by the number of seconds it takes you to travel one mile(the distance between two
mileposts).”(要计算你的速度，用3600(一小时的秒数)除以你走一英里(两个里程碑之间的距离)所花费的秒
数。)”可知，本段讲述如何度过乘车时间，A 项中讲到火车旅行不适合没有耐心的人与后文要计算时间，
用不同的方式打发时间对应，符合语境。故选A 项。
15.【2022 年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷】Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank
Your Workout Partner.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the
gym, ” while another read: “___16___” With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a
subtle (微妙) competition.
So, how do you find a workout partner?
First of all, decide what you want from that person. ___17___ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to
move with strength and flexibility? Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a
useful response. ___18___ If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training
she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It
also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. ___19___
You and your partner will probably have different skills. ___20___ Over time, both of you will benefit —
your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your
relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.
A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport?
E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice?
F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. B 19. G 20. F
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何找到一个一起锻炼的伙伴。
【16 题详解】
根据前文“Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partne.” One
reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym,”(《健身杂志》最近刊
登了一篇题为《感谢健身伙伴的五个理由》的文章。一个理由是：“如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就
会去锻炼。”)”可知，这里陈述另一个和别人一起锻炼的理由。所以选择项C“You'll work harder if you
train with someone else.(如果你和别人一起训练，你会更努力。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。
【17 题详解】
根据前文“First of all, decide what you want from that person. (首先，决定你想从那个人身上得到什么。)”和
后文“Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility?(或者你只是想要身体
健康，能够移动的力量和灵活性?)”可知，这里是一个问句，反问自己结伴锻炼的目的。所以选择项
D“Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport? (你想在你最喜欢的运动项目上成为更好的运动员
吗?)”符合上下文语境。故选D。
【18 题详解】
根据前文“You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but probably won't result in a
useful response. (你可能会考虑在社交媒体上发布你想要的东西，但可能不会得到有用的回应。)”和后文
“If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.(如果你打算在健身房锻炼，那
个人一定是同一个健身房的。)”可知，寻找的锻炼伙伴要具有便利性的特点。所以选择项B“A workout
partner usually needs to live close by. (锻炼伙伴通常需要住在附近。)”符合上下文语境。故选B。
【19 题详解】
根据前文“My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of
training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and
her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. (我的搭档把她的要求贴在
了当地公园的布告栏上。她的注意事项包括她想要做什么样的锻炼，每周多少天，每次培训要花多少小时，
以及她的年龄。它还列出了她最喜欢的运动和活动，并提供了她的电话号码。)”可知，本段作者以自己的
锻炼伙伴为例，说明寻找锻炼伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以选择项G“Any notice for a training partner
should include such information. (任何锻炼伙伴的布告都应包括这些信息。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。
【20 题详解】
根据前文“You and your partner will probably have different skills. (你和你的伴侣可能有不同的技能。)”和后
文“Over time, both of you will benefit -- your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more
physically fit.(久而久之，你们双方都会受益——你的伴侣会举起更多的重量，你也会变得更健康。)”可知，
要学会求同存异，一起合作，共同提高。所以选择项F“Just accept your differences and learn to work with
each other. (接受你们的不同，学会彼此合作。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
16.【2022 年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process
can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques.
___16___ When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write
nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay loose and free. ___17___ Don’t
worry about grammar or spelling. Even though this technique won’t work for everyone, it helps many people get a
good store of ideas to draw on.
The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. ___18___ Yet, by
learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄
皱) paper. Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an exploration, not as a complete
highway.
The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision.
___19___ As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks (大块) of their draft and writing
revisions in the blank space. After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can
enter your changes into your word processor. ___20___ The resulting blank space invites you to revise.
A. Make sure your handwriting is neat.
B. Let your pen follow the waves of thought.
C. The second draft of the essay should be better.
D. First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.
E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.
F. Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise.
G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. E 19. F 20. G
【解析】【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是写文章的技巧。
【16 题详解】
空格处是本段的主题句，由空后的“When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to
your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. (当你第一次想写
一篇文章的时候，把笔放在纸上，不间断地写10 到15 分钟，不要让笔离开纸。)”可知，本段主要讲的是
要学会不间断地写，D 选项“First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing. (首先，学习不间断写作的技
巧。)”概括了本段的主要内容，可作为主题句，故选D。
【17 题详解】
空前说“Stay loose and free. (保持宽松和自由。)”，空后说“Don’t worry about grammar or spelling. (不要担
心语法和拼写。)”，因此空格处应说按心里想的写，自由发挥，B 选项“Let your pen follow the waves of
thought. (让你的笔跟随思想的波浪。)”说明了按自己的思路和想法来写，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选
B。
【18 题详解】
空前说“The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. (下一个技巧是快
速写草稿，不要担心是否完美。)”，空后说“Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself
headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper. (然而，通过学习与不完美共存，你将避免自
己的头痛和一个装满皱巴巴的废纸篓。)”，E 选项“Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.
(太多的作家试图在第一次就把草稿写好。)”中的“get their drafts”和上文的“write your draft”相呼应，说明
了有很多人想一次就写好，这是不合理的，要学会允许不完美的存在，因此E 选项承上启下，符合语境，
故选E。
【19 题详解】
空前说“The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision.
(第三种方法是打印出三倍行距的副本，以便有修改的空间。)”，F 选项“Many beginning writers don’t leave
enough space to revise. (许多初来乍到的作者没有留出足够的修改空间。)”中的“revise”和前面的“revision”
一致，指出了新手作者的常见做法，且其中的“Many beginning writers”和后文的“these writers”相互呼应，
因此F 选项承上启下，符合语境，故选F。
【20 题详解】
空前说“After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes
into your word processor. (当你修改你的草稿，直到它太乱以至于无法继续工作，你可以把你的修改输入到
你的文字处理器中。)”，空后说“The resulting blank space invites you to revise. (由此产生的空白允许您修
改。)”，因此空格处应说输入到文字处理器后应该做什么，G 选项“Then you can print out a fresh draft,
again setting your text on triple-space. (然后你可以打印一份新的草稿，同样将文本设置为三倍行距。)”说的
是输入到你的文字处理器后的做法，其中的“triple-space”和后文的“The resulting blank space”相呼应，因
此G 选项承上启下，符合语境，故选G。
17.【2022 年全国乙卷】Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to
sustain (保持) long-distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (联系) and share with one
another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. ___16___.
·More isn’t always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted
and what method works best for you both. ___17___. There are alternatives to constant written communication,
such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.
·Practise empathy (共情)
___18___. The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the
friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel
abandoned.
· ___19___
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might
make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that
keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
·Don’t rely on technology alone
___20___, but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain.
Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever
possible.
A. Remember important dates
B. Compensate by writing letters
C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. G 19. A 20. F
【解析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了五种维系异地友谊的方法。
【16 题详解】
上文“With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge.”（平日繁忙，很难抽出时间打电
话。）讲的是双方都很忙碌，很难有时间给对方打电话，D 项“尽量找个双方都有空的时间去打电话，并
坚持下去” 给出了解决没时间打电话这个问题的方法，符合题意。故选D 项。
【17 题详解】
上文“Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be
contacted and what method works best for you both.”（确保你已经与你的朋友沟通过，了解你们彼此希望联
系的次数，以及哪种沟通方式最适合你们两人。）提到异地朋友之间要商量沟通方式，B 项“可以通过写
信补偿”提出了其中一种沟通方式：写信，下文“There are alternatives to constant written communication,
such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.”（除了不断的文字交流，还有其他方式，比如发语音
或者组建群聊。）补充了发语音等其他沟通方式，其中“constant written communication”呼应了B 项的
“writing letters”。故选B 项。
【18 题详解】
下文“The friend who is remaining”（留下来的朋友）和“The one in the new environment”（在新环境中的
那个）提到朋友的两个不同处境，G 项“你可能是朋友中离开的那一方，也可能是被留下的那一方”指出
了异地友谊中分为离开的一方和留下的一方，其中“the friend who left”和“the one who was left behind”
分别对应下文“The one in the new environment”和“The friend who is remaining”，所以G 项符合题意。
故选G 项。
【19 题详解】
分析文章结构可知，设空处的内容是维系异地友谊的第四个方法，是第五段的小标题。下文
“Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships.”（周年纪念日和生日对于
异地友谊而言是非常重要的。）讲的是诸如周年纪念日和生日等重要的日子对于维系异地友谊是非常重要
的，由此推知，这段对应的维系异地友谊的方法是A 项“记得重要的日子”，所以A 项符合题意。故选A
项。
【20 题详解】
设空处所在句子的后半句“but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious
effort to sustain.”（但是异地友谊——甚至是关系亲密的友谊——可能需要更加自觉地去维系。）讲的是
我们要更加自觉地维系异地友谊，其中“but”说明后半句与设空处形成转折，而F 项“朋友之间很容易通
过社交媒体产生一种联结感”讲的是可以通过社交媒体这种方式很容易与朋友产生联结，与后半句
“require more conscious effort to sustain”形成转折，而且其中的“social media”呼应了该段的小标题
“Don’t rely on technology alone”（不要仅仅依赖技术）中的“technology”。故选F 项。
18.【2022 年全国甲卷】Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. ___16___. Knowing
some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the
world.
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down
between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you.
___17___ .
Hands or Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you
to eat with a utensil in each hand. ___18___, instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch
any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
Making Requests
___19___ . In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their
seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.
Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various
countries. ___20___ , the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
A. The more friends you make in your lifetime
B. The more time you spend in any given country
C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D. Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. C 19. G 20. B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些外出就餐时要知道的一些重要事情。
【16 题详解】
根据文章标题“Important Things to Know When Dining Out (外出就餐时要知道的重要事情)”可知，本文
主要介绍的是外出就餐时应该知道的重要事情。由此可知，D 项“Don’t get caught making an
embarrassing mistake at a restaurant (不要在餐馆犯尴尬的错误)”符合语境，其中“at a restaurant”对应标
题中的“When Dining Out”，同时引起下文“Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an
enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world. (知道一些技巧将有助于确保你
和朋友或家人一起享受一顿愉快的晚餐——无论你在世界的哪个地方)”。故选D。
【17 题详解】
根据本段小标题“Chopstick Rules”可知，本段主要讲述的是使用筷子的规则。根据上文“When you put
them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of
you. (当你在吃的间隙把它们放下来的时候，一定要把它们放在一起，这样它们就和你面前的桌子边缘平行
了)”可知，此处讲述了正确使用筷子的方式。由此可知，F 项“Never stick them upright in your food or
cross them as you use them (不要把它们笔直地插在你的食物中，也不要在使用它们时交叉放置)”讲述的也
是使用筷子时的注意事项，符合此处语境，其中“them”指的是上文的“chopsticks”。故选F。
【18 题详解】
根据本段小标题“Hands or Utensils (餐具)”可知，本段主要讲述的是手和餐具的问题。根据上文“In
India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat
with a utensil in each hand. (在印度和中东，用左手吃饭被认为是非常不礼貌的。法国人希望你每只手拿一
个餐具吃饭)”及下文“instead preferring to use their hands (相反更愿意使用他们的双手)”可知，此处在讲
述不同国家就餐时习惯使用哪只手的问题。由此可知，C 项“Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with
utensils (墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的)”符合语境，与下文形成转折关系。故选C。
【19 题详解】
根据本段小标题“Making Requests”可知，本段主要讲述的是用餐时提请求的问题。根据下文“In
Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills.
Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. (在葡萄牙，这将是一个严重的错误，因为这
向厨师表明你不喜欢他们的调味技巧。同样，在意大利，永远不要要求在食物中添加额外的奶酪)”可推知，
在一些国家，用餐时提出要求是很无礼的。由此可知，G 项“It may seem like simple request to ask for salt
and pepper at a meal (吃饭时要盐和胡椒看似很简单)”符合此处语境，其中“request”是关键词，说明，在
用餐时提出一些我们看来很平常的要求在某些国家是无礼的。故选G。
【20 题详解】
根据下文“the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. (你就会对它的外国文化
习俗感到越舒服)”可推知，此处指在一个国家待得越久，就会越习惯当地习俗，且此处是“the+比较级，
the+比较级”结构，B 项“The more time you spend in any given country (你在某个国家待的时间越长)”符合
文意，引出下文。故选B。
19.【2022 年北京卷】Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various
pressures, we tend to ignore our health. ____35____ It is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these
diseases.
____36____ We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be
attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body. Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not
have any disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses. ____37____ This does not
definitely mean that we are not healthy. It means the fitness level is not in accordance with our age and the climatic
conditions we live in.
It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness. ____38____ For instance, we must
exercise daily regardless of our age and working style. There are different levels of exercises for different age
groups and we must do them according to our own health and age.
Additionally, it is important to relax our body. We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It
helps in improving our immune (免疫) system and protects us against diseases. ____39____ This, in turn, gives us
new goals of health and fitness.
A. Fitness levels decide the quality of life.
B. Health and fitness are interrelated to each other.
C. It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind.
D. For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily.
E. If we keep our body fit, we can enjoy life in a better manner.
F. There are some activities which everyone should do in our life.
G. This makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases.
【答案】35. G 36. B 37. D 38. F 39. C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是健康和健身之间密不可分的关系以及我们应该通过哪些健身的
方式来让自己有一个健康的身体。
35.
根据空前“Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various pressures, we tend to
ignore our health.(健康和健身帮助一个人过上良好和健康的生活。由于各种各样的压力，我们往往会忽视自
己的健康。)”可知因为各种压力，我们的健康容易被忽视，根据空后“It is the fitness level of our body that
helps us fight these diseases.(正是我们身体的健康水平帮助我们对抗这些疾病。)”可知身体的健康可以让我
们应对各种疾病，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲忽视健康对我们的身体及生活的影响。G 项“This
makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases.(这使我们的身体遭受痛苦，而且我们会感染其他疾
病。)”承接上文，引出下文，而且G 项中的other diseases 与空后的these diseases 相互照应，符合上下文语
境。故选G 项。
36.
根据空后“We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted
towards maintaining the fitness of our body.(为了拥有一个健康的身体我们需要健康。同样，如果我们是健康
的，我们自然会被保持健康的身体所吸引。)”可知健康的身体与健身是密不可分的，空处位于句首，应是
本段的主旨句，B 项“Health and fitness are interrelated to each other.(健康和健身是相互关联的。)”概括全
段的主要内容，符合上下文语境。故选B 项。
37.
根据空前“Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not have any disease but still have a weak body,
which is ready to be targeted by viruses.(健康是在特定时间内我们身体的状态。我们可能没有任何疾病，但身
体仍然虚弱，随时会被病毒攻击。)”可知我们的身体虽然没有生病，但也很虚弱，随时会生病，根据空后
“This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy.(这并不一定意味着我们不健康。)”可知生病并不一定
表明我们是不健康的。空处承上启下，所以空处应该举例说明我们的身体在虚弱的情况下会生病这样一种
状况，D 项“For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily.(例如，我们可能很容易感冒。)”举
例说明我们的身体会在虚弱的情况下生病，承接上文，引出下文，而且空后的This 指代D 项的we may
have a tendency to catch a cold easily 这种情况，符合上下文语境。故选D 项。
38.
根据空前“It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness.(对每个人来说，花些时间在健
康和健身方面是很重要的。)”可知我们应该花时间去健身，根据空后“For instance, we must exercise daily
regardless of our age and working style.(例如，我们必须每天锻炼，不管我们的年龄和工作方式。)”可知我
们应该每天坚持锻炼，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是我们应该通过哪些活动来进行锻炼，F 项
“There are some activities which everyone should do in our life.(在我们的生活中有一些活动是每个人都应该
做的。)”承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选F 项。
39.
根据空前“We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It helps in improving our immune (免疫)
system and protects us against diseases.(我们每天至少应该有6 到8 个小时的睡眠。它有助于改善我们的免疫
系统，保护我们抵抗疾病。)”可知我们应该保障充足的睡眠，根据空后“This, in turn, gives us new goals of
health and fitness.(这反过来又给了我们健康和健身的新目标。)”可知充足的睡眠会对我们的健康和健身目
标很有好处，空处承上启下，所以空处应该继续讲充足的睡眠的好处，C 项“It also helps in keeping us
calm and relaxes our mind.(它也帮助我们保持冷静和放松我们的大脑。)”进一步讲了充足的睡眠对于我们
的好处，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选C 项。
20.【2022 年浙江卷6 月】I have a drawer full of letters to Santa. Each year my children would write up their
Christmas wish lists. They were polite requests for the latest game or toy. As the children got older, they would give
Santa some hints(提示)on where to buy their presents. ____11____
Those letters taught my children a valuable lesson about writing: It has a purpose. Sometimes our purpose is to
achieve something;other times it may be to entertain, inform, or persuade. ____12____ And when writing doesn’t
seem to have any purpose or get any kind of meaningful response, then it can be hard to get excited about doing it.
Christmas is a great time of year for children to communicate with others through writing. When children
write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words accordingly. ____13____ You write
“Dear Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect.
____14____ Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are constantly
producing written messages. However, because they are usually writing to family and friends, they use informal
language most of the time.
There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the job done.
____15____ This type of writing won’t be rewarded by the school examiner, nor by a future employer or a potential
client. The very best communicators are those who know how to adjust their language to match their audience.
A. It isn’t that these young people can’t write.
B. But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be.
C. The age of pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed.
D. As a result, each year they received something they wanted.
E. You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them.
F. As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have.
G. But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems.
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。作者通过讲述孩子们通过给圣诞老人写信暗示得到自己心仪的礼物，从而论
证观点：人们写作都是带有某种目的的。
11.D 根据空前“As the children got older, they would give Santa some hints(提示)on where to buy their presents.
(随着孩子们逐渐长大，他们会给圣诞老人一些提示，告诉他去哪里买礼物。)”可知，孩子们给圣诞老人
提示去哪买礼物。结合选项可知，D 项“As a result, each year they received something they wanted. (结果，
他们每年都会收到他们想要的东西。)”为孩子们提示的结果：收到心仪的礼物。前后为明显的因果关系。
故选D 项。
12.B 根据空前“Sometimes our purpose is to achieve something;other times t may be to entertain, inform, or
persuade. (有时我们的目的是为了获得东西，有时可能是为了娱乐、告知或说服。)”可知，我们写作都
是带着目的的。结合选项B“But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be. (但它总是有目的的——或者
至少应该是这样。)”可知，前后语意一致，说明写作是带有目的的。故选B 项。
13.E 根据空前“When children write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words
accordingly. (当孩子们为真正的读者和真正的目的写作时，他们就能学会相应地选择用词。)”以及空后
“You write “Dear Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect. (你写“亲爱
的圣诞老人”是因为你不认识他，你想表达对他的尊重。)”可知，空后句和空前句之间是“理论——实
践”的关系，由此可推知，空处也应为具体的实践。结合选项E“You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you
are close to them. (你写“嗨，奶奶和爸爸”，因为你和他们很亲近。)”可知，符合这一逻辑。而且和空后
结构一致。故选E 项。
14.F 根据空后“Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are constantly
producing written messages. (在玩电子游戏时发短信、在线消息、实时聊天都意味着他们在不断地产生书面
信息。 )”可知，科技的发展让人们的写作变得更普遍。结合选项F“As technology develops, young people
are writing more than they ever have. (随着科技的发展，年轻人写的东西比以前更多了。)”可知，前后语意
一致，符合语境。故选F 项。
15.G 根据空前“There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets
the job done. (这种写作方式并没有错。它迎合了观众和目的，完成了任务。)”可知，作者在评价这种科技
影响下的写作方式。结合选项G“But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems.
(但如果这是年轻人唯一的写作方式，那就会造成问题。)”可知，前后语意一致，从正反两方面评价科技
带来的写作。故选G 项。
21.【2022 年浙江卷1 月】I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but 1 have made specific choice
that allow me to make the most of every day and still feel happy and relaxed. 11
Pick the most important.
12 Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive. 1 chose the life of an adviser because I like
to work with companies, but don't want the life of a big company CEO. My choices are based on the lifestyle 1
want.
Combine your activities.
Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends, family, work, play, etc. 13
Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner. Build your social life around people your work environment. Find
people in your company who share common interests and develop your career （职业）around the people and
activities you love.
14
You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are always new ways of doing things
that can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for the most important. Always be looking for a new way to
gain back an hour here or there.
Lighten up.
The world won't come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone. Celebrate progress
and keep refining （改进）toward a happy productive existence. 15 Every completion is a small victory that adds
up in a big way.
A. Speed up.
B.
Be an active learner.
C.
Stop trying to balance time between them all.
D. Make choices about what is meaningful in your life.
E.
The things you do well usually give you greater joy.
F Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time.
G. This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook.
【答案】11. F 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. G
【解析】本文是说明文。作者给出了既可以充分利用时间又可以快乐放松的有效建议。
【11 题详解】
上文 “ I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but 1 have made specific choice that allow me to make the
most of every day and still feel happy and relaxed.（我和你一样，每天都有24 小时，但我做了具体的选择，
让我充 分利用每一天，仍然感到快乐和放松）”说明作者做出选择，充分利用每一天，但仍旧感到快乐
和轻松，根 据下文段落小标题可知，下文就如何充分利用每一天给出了建议，因此空格处应是承上启下，
F 项中的“help you make the most of your time 与上文 “to make the most of every day ” 一致，“tips” 引出
下文的建议，因此 F 项“也许这些建议会帮助你充分利用你的时间”符合语境，承上启下。故选F。
【12 题详解】
根据段落标题“Pick the most important.”可知，本段建议挑选最重要的，下文“Focus on spending time that
for you is fun and productive.（把时间花在那些对你来说有趣和富有成效的事情上）”说明要挑选一些有趣
的 和富有成效的事情去做，D 项中的“ what is meaningful in your life”与标题中的"the most important 一
致， 下文是对“Make choices”具体解释。因此推断D 项“选择你生活中有意义的东西”符合语境。故选
D。 【13 题详解】
上文 “Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends, family, work, play, etc.（ 许多
人疯 狂地试图弄清楚如何在朋友，家庭，工作，娱乐等方面度过时间）”说明许多人想要弄清楚在生活
中如何分 配好时间，下文“Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner.（找到一种结合的方式来享受它
们）”说明可 以把事情组合在一起享受，因此推断空格处与上文是转折关系，说明不要试图均衡时间，C
项“不要试图在 它们之间平衡时间”符合语境。故选C。
【14 题详解】
空格处为段落小标题。根据下文“You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are
always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for the most important.
Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there. Always be looking for a new way to gain back
an hour here or there.（你可能会认为学习需要花费了你更多的时间，但实际上总有一些新的方法可以为你
节省出做日常 事务的时间，为你腾出时间去做最重要的事情。寻找在这里或者那里赢回一个小时的新方
法）”可推断，本 段讲述学习虽然花费很多时间，但总是能有一些方法为你节省时间做其他事情，因此
要做有效的学习者。 因此推断B 项“做有效的学习者”为段落标题，故选B。
【15 题详解】
下文 “Every completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way.（每一次的完成都是一个小的胜利，累积
起 来就是一个大的胜利）”说明事情要一件一件去做，G 项中的“making lists”与之呼应，因此推断G 项
“这 就是为什么列清单在任何生产手册中都很重要的原因”符合语境，this 指代上文“The world won't
come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone. Celebrate progress and keep refining （改
进）toward a happy productive existence.（在大多数情况下，世界不会因为你没做完几件事而走向末日。庆
祝进步，不断 改进走向一个快乐而富有成效的存在）”解释了列出清单一件一件完成任务的原因。故选
G。
22.【2022 年浙江卷6 月】I have a drawer full of letters to Santa. Each year my children would write up their
Christmas wish lists. They were polite requests for the latest game or toy. As the children got older, they would give
Santa some hints(提示)on where to buy their presents. ____11____
Those letters taught my children a valuable lesson about writing: It has a purpose. Sometimes our purpose is to
achieve something;other times it may be to entertain, inform, or persuade. ____12____ And when writing doesn’t
seem to have any purpose or get any kind of meaningful response, then it can be hard to get excited about doing it.
Christmas is a great time of year for children to communicate with others through writing. When children
write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words accordingly. ____13____ You write
“Dear Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect.
____14____ Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are constantly
producing written messages. However, because they are usually writing to family and friends, they use informal
language most of the time.
There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the job done.
____15____ This type of writing won’t be rewarded by the school examiner, nor by a future employer or a potential
client. The very best communicators are those who know how to adjust their language to match their audience.
A. It isn’t that these young people can’t write.
B. But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be.
C. The age of pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed.
D. As a result, each year they received something they wanted.
E. You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them.
F. As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have.
G. But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems.
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。作者通过讲述孩子们通过给圣诞老人写信暗示得到自己心仪的礼物，从
而论证观点：人们写作都是带有某种目的的。
11.D 根据空前“As the children got older, they would give Santa some hints(提示)on where to buy their presents.
(随着孩子们逐渐长大，他们会给圣诞老人一些提示，告诉他去哪里买礼物。)”可知，孩子们给圣诞老人提
示去哪买礼物。结合选项可知，D 项“As a result, each year they received something they wanted. (结果，他
们每年都会收到他们想要的东西。)”为孩子们提示的结果：收到心仪的礼物。前后为明显的因果关系。故
选D 项。
12.B 根据空前“Sometimes our purpose is to achieve something;other times t may be to entertain, inform, or
persuade. (有时我们的目的是为了获得东西，有时可能是为了娱乐、告知或说服。)”可知，我们写作都是
带着目的的。结合选项B“But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be. (但它总是有目的的——或者至少
应该是这样。)”可知，前后语意一致，说明写作是带有目的的。故选B 项。
13.E 根据空前“When children write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words
accordingly. (当孩子们为真正的读者和真正的目的写作时，他们就能学会相应地选择用词。)”以及空后
“You write “Dear Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect. (你写“亲爱
的圣诞老人”是因为你不认识他，你想表达对他的尊重。)”可知，空后句和空前句之间是“理论——实
践”的关系，由此可推知，空处也应为具体的实践。结合选项E“You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you
are close to them. (你写“嗨，奶奶和爸爸”，因为你和他们很亲近。)”可知，符合这一逻辑。而且和空后结
构一致。故选E 项。
14.F 根据空后“Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are constantly
producing written messages. (在玩电子游戏时发短信、在线消息、实时聊天都意味着他们在不断地产生书面
信息。 )”可知，科技的发展让人们的写作变得更普遍。结合选项F“As technology develops, young people
are writing more than they ever have. (随着科技的发展，年轻人写的东西比以前更多了。)”可知，前后语意一
致，符合语境。故选F 项。
15.G 根据空前“There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets
the job done. (这种写作方式并没有错。它迎合了观众和目的，完成了任务。)”可知，作者在评价这种科技
影响下的写作方式。结合选项G“But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems.
(但如果这是年轻人唯一的写作方式，那就会造成问题。)”可知，前后语意一致，从正反两方面评价科技带
来的写作。故选G 项。
23.【2021 年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷】If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which
you read -probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate
the benefits of being able to read more quickly. ____16____
·Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable. You need a seat which supports your back and
the book should be at the right distance from your eyes. ____17____
____18____ Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc.This will help you to decide
whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it. Ten minutes spent in this way could save
you quite a lot of time in the long run.
If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time. ____19____ A
history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific
subjects. In the former case you may be able to read a chapter. In the latter you may only be able to read one page.
Always keep a pencil and paper beside you. ____20____Note also the facts important for your purpose as
well as anything which leads you to further research. You don't have to write these things in detail. It is enough to
put the page number and one or two words as a reminder .
A. Stop to have a rest now and then.
B. Spend a few minutes looking through the book.
C. This depends on the type of book you are reading.
D. Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.
E. Make a note of any page which is of special importance.
F. You may find yourself having to leam something by heart.
G. Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy.
【答案】16. D 17. G 18. B 19. C 20. E
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。
【16 题详解】
根据上文“If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read -probably does
not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able
to read more quickly.（如果你唯一的阅读是小说或杂志，那么你阅读的速度可能并不重要。但是，如果你
必须大量阅读来学习，你就会感激能够更快地阅读的好处。）”可知，接下来要介绍提高阅读速度的方法。
D 项：Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.（这里有一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。）符合
语境。故选D。
【17 题详解】
根据本段主题句“Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable.（在你打开书之前，确保你感
到舒服。）”可知，本段主要说明要给自己创造舒适的阅读环境。G 项：Keep the room cool rather than
warm to avoid feeling sleepy.（保持房间凉爽而不是温暖以避免困倦。）符合语境。故选G。
【18 题详解】
空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc（查看目录、
前言、章节标题等。）”可知，本段主要讲述在阅读一本书之前要先浏览一下大致内容。B 项：Spend a
few minutes looking through the book.（花几分钟浏览一下这本书。）符合语境。故选B。
【19 题详解】
根据上文“If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time.（如果你
决定要读完整本书，决定一下你一次能读多少。）”和下文“A history book which may contain the facts in
story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects.（以故事形式包含事实的历史书比科学
题材的书更容易阅读。）”可知，看书时间的长短取决于书的类型。C 项：This depends on the type of book
you are reading.（这取决于你读的书的类型。）符合语境。故选C。
【20 题详解】
根据段落主题句“Always keep a pencil and paper beside you.（总是在身边放一支铅笔和一张纸。）”可知，本
段强调要随时注意记笔记。E 项：Make a note of any page which is of special importance.（把任何有特别重要
的一页都记下来。）符合语境。故选E。
24.【2021 年全国甲卷】Swap, Don’t shop!
You keep hearing about recycling, right? But it doesn't end with bottles, cans, and paper. Clothing takes a huge
amount of natural resources（资源）to make, and buying loads of new clothing（or throwing out old clothing）is
not healthy for the environment. So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them
clothes piled on your bedroom floor? ____16____. It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes
from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how
much fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
●Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection. ____17____ , and there may not be enough things to
choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
●____18____. They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their "new" clothes home.
●Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.____19____. Place a few mirrors around
your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. One of the ground rules of the swap should be
that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on.
●Set a starting time. Maybe you say “go,” or turn on a certain song, or whatever. ____20____. And don't
forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!
A. Less people than that
B. Hold a clothing swap
C. If two people are competing
D. Just keep music playing throughout
E. Donate whatever clothes are left over
F. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. G 19. F 20. D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通过衣物交换来处理旧衣服的方法——衣物交换派对，以及一些具
体的流程。
【16 题详解】
根据上文“So what to do with all those perfectly- good-but-you 're- maybe-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on
your bedroom floor?（那么，该如何处理那些堆在卧室地板上的（看起来）完好但你可能有点厌倦的衣服
呢？）”提出关于如何解决旧衣物的问题。下文“It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes
from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.（这是扔掉旧衣服、从朋友那里买衣服、同时开派对的
最好方法。）”提到了具体处理旧衣物的方法。所以空白处应起承上启下的作用，承接上文讲到的问题，
启下提出的方法。因而空白处是提出了一种处理旧衣物的好方法。B 项“Hold a clothing swap.（进行衣物
交换。）”给出了一种处理旧衣物的方法，承上启下，符合语境。故选B 项。
【17 题详解】
根据上文“Invite 5-10 people so you have a nice selection.”（邀请5 到10 个人，这样你就有一个很好的选
择。）说明了应该邀请的人数。下文“and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and
it becomes uncontrollable.”（可能没有足够的东西可供选择；多于这个数量，它就变得无法控制。）说明多
于或少于一定数量的人数将会导致一些麻烦。所以空白处应是针对下文中的“more than that”提出的相反的
假设，即少于一定数量的人。A 项“Less people than that”（少于这些人）提出一种假设，和下文中“more
than that”相对，说明人数不宜太多，也不能太少，符合语境。故选A 项。
【18 题详解】
根据下文“They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.”（他们还应该准
备大量的可重复使用的袋子，把他们的“新”衣服带回家。）说明去的时候应该为交换所得的“新衣服”
准备袋子。G 项“Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition.”（告诉每个人带来品相完好的衣
服。）说明去参加衣物交换的时候应该带完好的衣服，其中的bring 和下文中carry 相对，都是为交换衣物
所做的准备。下文中的also 也是提示词，并且其中They 指代G 项的everyone。所以G 项符合语境。故选
G 项。
【19 题详解】
根据上文“Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.”（把不同类型的衣服放在房间的不
同地方。）指出衣服应该归类放置。下文“Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things
look when they try them on.”（在房间周围放几面镜子，这样人们试穿时就能看到衣服的样子。）提到了放
置镜子的意义。由此可见，本段讲述的是房间里的一些具体的做法，所以空白处一样要提出人们在房间里
要做什么。F 项“Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots.（让每个人的衣服都放在相应的位置
上。）”说明每个人应该按照不同类型把衣服摆放在相应的位置，符合语境。故选F 项。
【20 题详解】
上文“Set a starting time. Maybe you say “go,” or turn on a certain song, or whatever.”（设置开始时间。也许你
说“开始”，或者打开一首歌，或者无论什么。）打开音乐或者无论什么，意味聚会开始。下文“And
don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!”（别忘了拿出一些饼干和水果。记住，
这是个派对！）讲到了聚会上应该提供一些派对该有的服务。因而，空白处应是承接上文，讲述聚会期间
要保持应有的内容。D 项“Just keep music playing throughout.”（要始终播放音乐。）承上启下，说明在派
对上要有音乐，与前文形成意义上的一致，符合题意，故选D 项。
25.【2021 年全国乙卷】According to Jessica Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, it’s not difficult to
make yourself interesting at a dinner party.
___36___, if you’re out of your comfort zone or if you’re wandering into somebody’s house for the first time.
So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers.
People love to talk about themselves. If you can start the conversation with a question other than “What do
you do for a living?”, you’ll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is you’re talking
to. ___37___, it can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who
were laughing at silly jokes in the back.” It just opens up conversation.
___38___? If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox （讲台）.
If you’re the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the
situation.___39___.
And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If you’re faced with an awkward silence at a
dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment（赞扬）.
___40___. Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”
So being interesting at a dinner party isn’t that hard.
A. How do you know the host
B. The first step is to go exploring
C. If you ask the question “How did you get here?”
D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F. What about that person who had too much to drink or won’t stop talking
G. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
【答案】36. B 37. C 38. F 39. E 40. G
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在晚宴上让自己表现得有趣的一些方法。
【36 题详解】
根据上文“it’s not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party (在晚宴上让自己变得有趣并不难)”可
知，下文应主要讲述如何在晚宴上让自己变得有趣。下文“ So the main thing is just to show up and be
adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers. (所以最主要的事情就是去尝试，去冒险，尝试不同
的食物，和陌生人交谈)”可推知，本段主要说明想在晚宴上让自己变得有趣，就要勇于冒险，勇于探索。
由此可知，B 项“The first step is to go exploring(第一步是去探索)”承上启下，符合题意。故选B 项。
【37 题详解】
根据下文“it can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who
were laughing at silly jokes in the back.” It just opens up conversation. (它可以带入“我有这辆破旧的车”或
“我和那些在后面嘲笑愚蠢笑话的疯子一起乘坐公共汽车。”它只是打开了对话)”可知，设空处应该是提
了一个不太好的问题，只是开始交流，但并不会给人留下有趣的印象。由此可知，C 项“If you ask the
question “How did you get here?”(如果你问“你是怎么到这里来的？”这个问题)”能够承接下文，符合题意。
故选C 项。
【38 题详解】
根据下文“If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox. If you’re the
host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation. (如果你
不能拿走他们的酒，你当然应该让他们离开讲话的地方。如果你是主人，你可以让他们到厨房帮你做点什
么，只是为了让他们摆脱那种情景)”可知，此处指出了一个问题的解决办法。由此推知，设空处提到了一
个棘手的问题。F 项“What about the person who has had too much to drink or won’t stop talking(喝太多酒或一
直说个不停的人怎么办)”正是提出的问题，引出下文的解决办法，符合题意。故选F 项。
【39 题详解】
根据上文“If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox (讲台). If you’re
the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation. (如
果你不能拿走他们的酒，你当然应该让他们离开讲话的地方。如果你是主人，你可以让他们到厨房帮你做
点什么，只是为了让他们摆脱那种情景)”可知，本段主要是为解决“喝太多酒或一直说个不停”这个问题
提供方法。由此可知，E 项“Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say(或者把谈话变成
他们没什么可说的话题)”是提出的另一个解决办法，承接上文，符合题意。故选E 项。
【40 题详解】
根据上文“If you’re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone
talking again is to give the host a compliment.(如果你在晚宴上遭遇了尴尬的沉默，唯一能让大家再次交谈的
方法就是赞美主人)”可知，此处指出赞美主人可以缓解尴尬的沉默，设空处承上启下，下文“This cake is
extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.(这蛋糕特别好吃，你得告诉我它的一切)”对主人进行了
赞美。由此可知，宴会上出现尴尬的沉默时，最尴尬的就是主人，所以需要赞美主人来缓解尴尬。G 项
“He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most(他或她是最能感受到那种尴尬
的人)”承上启下，符合题意。故选G 项
26.【2021 年北京卷】Music has long been considered to be an enjoyable pastime for many people．
____35____ The mental health benefits from music can't be argued．Music could also be helping you with many
other health problems behind the scenes．
____36____However，for the same reason，music can be very beneficial if one is in pain．By distracting
（分心） the mind from the pain，music，people say，can lower stress and anxiety levels．This，of course，
can lead to less pain．
Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed．____37____While the validity of the
idea is still being assessed，the lowered stress can even be tied back to blood pressure．Similarly, according to
researchers，listening to just 30 minutes of soft music every day may help with healthy blood sugar levels，
through the lowering of stress and anxiety．
When it comes to heart health，there is speculation （推测） that it's not the style of music， but rather the
tempo that makes it so good for your heart health．In one European study，participants listened to music as the
researchers monitored their heart rates and blood pressure．____38____ On the other hand，when the music
slowed，the participants' stress and anxiety levels became lower and the effects on heart rates appeared to follow
suit．
____39____But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for，
which is what makes music so valuable．
A. This feeling can also result in many other health problems．
B. Some experts say that music can be harmful if it is too loud．
C. This idea is a little off-the-wall but still has scientific backing．
D. They say it can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep．
E. The implications of music on overall well-being are really impressive．
F. It is also highly popular due to the individualized effects on stress and anxiety．
G. Interestingly，the more cheerful the music was，the faster their heart rates were．
【答案】35. F 36. B 37. D 38. G 39. E
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是音乐对身体的好处。
【35 题详解】
空格后说“The mental health benefits from music can't be argued”（音乐对心理健康的益处是毋庸置疑的），
F 选项It is also highly popular due to the individualized effects on stress and anxiety 中的stress and anxiety 照应
了mental health benefits，因此F 选项切合题意，故选F。
【36 题详解】
空格后说“However，for the same reason，music can be very beneficial if one is in pain”（然而，出于同样的
原因，当一个人处于痛苦中时，音乐是非常有益的），However 表转折，因此空格处为对音乐的负面评价，
B 选项Some experts say that music can be harmful if it is too loud 中的harmful 就是负面评价，因此B 选项切
合题意，故选B。
【37 题详解】
空格前说“Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed”（许多人喜欢在晚上睡觉前
听些轻松的音乐），D 选项They say it can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep 中的sleep 和
going to bed 相呼应，因此D 选项切合题意，故选D。
【38 题详解】
空格前说“In one European study，participants listened to music as the researchers monitored their heart rates
and blood pressure”（在欧洲的一项研究中，参与者听音乐，研究人员监测他们的心率和血压），G 选项
Interestingly，the more cheerful the music was，the faster their heart rates were 中的heart rates 和前面的heart
rates 相照应，因此G 选项切合题意，故选G。
【39 题详解】
空格后说“But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for，
which is what makes music so valuable”（但是，开着收音机还可以对一系列其他的健康问题有益，这就是音
乐如此有价值的原因），因此本段讲的是音乐对身体总的好处，E 选项The implications of music on overall
well-being are really impressive 讲的是音乐对整体健康的影响是非常令人印象深刻的，因此E 选项切合题意，
故选E。
27.【2021 年浙江卷1 月】You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of water. You get what you
need, head to the front, and choose the line that looks fastest.
You chose wrong. People who you swear got in other lines long after you are already checked out and off to
the parking lot. 11
．
It turns out, it's just math working against you; chances are, the other line really is faster.
Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum
delay. 12
．
Any small interruption - a price check, a chatty customer-can have downstream effects, holding up an
entire line.
If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers. Think about the
probability:13
．
So it's not just in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster.
Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem. Make all customers stand in one long, snaking line-
called a serpentine line - and serve each person at the front with the next available register. 14
．
This is what they
do at most banks and fast-food restaurants. With a serpentine line, a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish
the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow down everyone a little bit but speed up checkout overall.
15
．
It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly, and some stores can't afford the space or
manpower. So wherever your next wait may be: Good luck.
A．Why does this always seem to happen to you?
B．So why don't most places encourage serpentine lines?
C．Some of the may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.
D．The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.
E.How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line?
F.With three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach.
G.But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy.
【解析】本文是说明文。文章说明了杂货店排队方式以及研究人员提出的蛇形队伍的新方式，并分析了各
自的利弊。
11．A 下文“It turns out, it's just math working against you; chances are, the other line really is faster. （原来，
这只是你的数学问题；很可能，另一个队伍真的更快。）”解释了上文“You chose wrong.(你选错了)”的原
因，下文与空格处是因果关系，所以本空应该是对前文选错提出疑惑，故选A 项。
12．G 上文“Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with
minimum delay.（杂货店尽量让足够的员工在结账时让所有的顾客以最小的延误完成结账。）”解释了杂
货店之前的工作模式，下文“Any small interruption a price check, a chatty customer -can have downstream
effects, holding up an entire line.（任何一个小小的中断，一个价格检查，一个喋喋不休的顾客，都会产生下
游效应，拖住整个生产线。）”描述了杂货店的特殊情况，故本空应该填出现特殊情况的原因，故选G 项。
13．D 根据上文“If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers. （如果
杂货店中有三列队伍，延迟将在不同的队伍中随机发生。）”联系下文“So it's not just in your mind:
Another line probably is moving faster.（所以这不仅仅是在你的脑海里：另一条队伍可能移动得更快。）”
可知本空说的是任何一个队伍都有可能出现问题。你的队伍跑得最快的几率只有三分之一。故选D 项。
14．F 根据“上文Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem.(我们得知研究人员有一个很好的方
法来处理这个问题)”以及下文“This is what they do at most banks and fast-food restaurants. With a serpentine
line, a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow down
everyone little bit but speed up checkout overall.（这个大多数银行和快餐店都是这样做的。有了一条蜿蜒的
队伍，在一个登记处长时间拖延不会不公平地惩罚后面排队的人。相反，它会减慢每个人一点点，但加快
了整体结帐速度。）”说明这个新方案迅速有效，联系上下文可知，空格中应该是与旧的结账方案作比较。
故选F 项。
15．B 结合下文“It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly, and some stores can't afford the space
or manpower.（要保持一条生产线的快速运转，需要很多的收银机，而且有些商店负担不起空间和人
力。）”说明了一个原因，由此可知，空格处提出了一个问题；通过“It takes many registers to keep one
line moving quickly.(保持一条生产线的快速运转)”可知这里描述的是不鼓励蛇形队伍的原因。故选B 项。
28.【2020 年新课标Ⅰ】A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance
We all want it… to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. 36.
Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
●37. Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them? Are you
hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your
own;you are the only you in this world.
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes
and our failures. 38. You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you
could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response? ＂That didn’t go as planned.
But, I tried my best.＂
●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength
before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you
got out of bed today. 39.
●Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words
why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. 40. Turn to a
page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are?
A. Feeling upset again?
B. Where do you start?
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D. Remember, you are only human.
E.Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F.Stop comparing yourself with others.
G.When does the comparison game start?
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个自我接纳的小技巧。
36.B 根据题目A Few Tips for Self-acceptance(自我接纳的几点建议)及下文的Here's a handful of ways that
will set you in the right direction.(这有很多可以帮你找到正确方向的方法。)可知，选项B. Where do you
start? (从哪里开始那？)最合下文语境，故选B 项。
37.F 根据下文Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs?
Know that your life is your own; you are the only one in this world.(你是否希望最终你会因为自己的生活比他们
的好而感到有力量？要知道，你的生活是你自己的；你在这个世界上是独一无二的。)可知，本段主要讲述
不要把自己和别人作比较，因为生活是我们自己的，我们也是世界上独一无二的。故F. Stop comparing
yourself with others.(停止把自己和别人进行比较。)可以作为本段中心句，故选F 项。
38. D 根据本文的中心句Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. (原谅自己所犯的错误。)及下文的
You will make mistakes, time and time again. (你会一次又一次地犯错误。)可知，本句是在说明要讲自己看作
一个普通人，普通人是会犯错的。选项D. Remember, you are only human.(记住，你只是个人。)与上下文衔
接最好，故选D 项。
39. C 根据上文List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you
got out of bed today.(列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位，今天你拜托了困境。)可知，这些
小事都是你取得的成就，都值得庆祝，即没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝的。故选C 项。
40.A 结合上文Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don't feel good enough. Now, read these words
back to yourself.(用语言来解释为什么你觉得自己不值得，为什么你觉得自己不够好。现在，自己读一下这
些话。)和下文的Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you
are? (翻到你日记本上记下你的优点和成就的那页。看到你有多棒了吗？)可推知本句是在说明“再次感到
心烦意乱”的情况。选项A. Feeling upset again?(再次感觉心烦意乱了吗？)最合上下文语境，故选A 项。
29.【2020 年新课标Ⅱ】Emoji(表情符号) and Workplace Communication
In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and
play. 36. . It’s been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.
Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping
intention clear. 37. , encouraging better and more frequent communication.
In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in
communication style can be a challenge. 38. . While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for
those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve(曲线). The good news is
that it’s simple to learn and can be worth the effort.
There is also the matter of tone(语气). Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day?
39. . Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging
smile.
40. , and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. And when your employees begin adding
smiling emojis to their business communication, you’ll know you have succeeded in improving your work culture.
A. Message with emojis feel more conversational
B. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly
C. Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange
D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally
E.Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly
F.Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace
G.An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了表情符号以及在工作交流所带来的优势。
36.D 根据前句“In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at
work and play.(在亚洲，即时通讯平台正在迅速发展，无论是工作还是娱乐，都有数亿用户)”和后句“It's
been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.(据报道，在一些
西方国家，76%的员工在工作中使用表情符号)”可知，前后句都说明了即时通讯平台受欢迎程度。所以选
择项D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally. (这些平台的受欢迎程度正在全球蔓延)符合题
意。故选D。
37. A 根据前句“Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear.(使用表情符号可以增加幽默
和感情，保持明确的意图)”和后半句“encouraging better and more frequent communication.(鼓励更好更频繁
的交流)”可知，这里陈述使用表情符号的优点。所以选择项A. Messages with Emojis feel more
conversational. (使用表情符号的信息让人感觉更健谈)符合题意。故选A。
38.G 根据前句“In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common
ground in communication can be a challenge. (在任何一间办公室，员工的年龄从22 岁到70 岁甚至更大，在
交流中找到共同点可能是一项挑战)” 中关键词句“employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond,”与选
择项中“all work generations”是一致的。故选G。
39.B 根据前句“ Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day? (谁没有收到过毁掉了
一整天的邮件呢？)”和后文介绍表情的优点，可知，这里陈述电子邮件的缺点。所以选择项B. Even a
formal email can seem cold and unfriendly. (即使是一封正式的电子邮件也会显得冷淡和不友好)故选B。
40. F 根据后句“and Emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. (并且表情符号可以直接促成这种积
极的结果)”可知，这里陈述表情符号能给工作场所带来的好处。所以选择项F. Studies show that friendlier
communication leads to a happier workplace. (研究表明，更友好的沟通会带来更快乐的工作场所)故选F。
30.【2020 年新课标Ⅲ】 A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves
into a new apartment or house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the party. The
party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home. 36. And it is good time to
fill the new space with love and hopeful presents.
37. Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local stores. Some
common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains. Even if
there isn’t a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a
plant.
38. This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn’t a lot of food served. There are usually no
planned activities like games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give
all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person
moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. 39.
Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood
to a new home as a gift. 40. Now most homes have central heating and don’t use fires to keep warm.
A. This isn’t usual though.
B. It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.
C. You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.
D. If you’re lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E.It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.
F.The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.
G.This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.
【解析】本文是说明文，介绍了乔迁聚会的目的，礼物的选取，活动安排和名称的由来。
36.E 上句 The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home.(这个聚会是
朋友和家人祝贺新家的机会)。介绍庆祝乔迁之喜的聚会是亲戚朋友祝贺搬新家的人的一次机会，下句
And it is a good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.(现在是时候用爱和希望的礼物来填
补新家了)。介绍这也是给新家装满爱和希望礼物的好时机。E 项：它也给了人们一次看看新家什么样的机
会。与上下句并列，都是庆祝乔迁之喜聚会的目的，故选E。
37. B 下文Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like
curtains.和like a piece of art or a plant. 列举了参加聚会所带礼物的清单，可以是厨房工具、窗帘、艺术品或
绿植。这些都和参加聚会带礼物有关，B 项：带礼物去参加乔迁派对是一种传统，概括了本段内容，引出
下文，故选B。
38.C 本段介绍了聚会的活动安排，根据后文This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn' t a lot
of food served.(这一点通常是值得赞赏的，因为在乔迁派对上不会提供很多食物)。指出因为新搬家，所以
主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。那么本句是在建议你可以带上自己的食物或饮料与其他客人分
享搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。C 项：你也可以带上食物或饮料与其他客人分享。
故选C。
39. A 本段提到在乔迁聚会上人们会聚餐，主人带领客人参观新家。上句提到，由于乔迁聚会是在搬进新家
后不久举行的，人们可能会被要求帮助打开箱子。根据常识可知在乔迁聚会上让客人们帮忙干活是不常见
的，A 项：但这并不常见。表达了此意，与上文衔接，故选A。
40.G 上句介绍了乔迁聚会名称的由来，根据bring firewood to a new home as a gift.可知人们会带柴火作为礼
物，那么本空承接上文说明了带柴火的目的和作用。G 项：这样人们就可以在冬天的时候保持家里温暖。
符合语境。故选G。
31.【2020 年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷（山东卷）】 Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking.16.
Do you want to be a good public speaker? Here are some principles you must master.
People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often when you stand up to
give a speech, you focus on the “public”at the expense of the”speaking. “ 17. Focus on the speaking. Talk
directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.
Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is
the one who is speaking. People’s attention wanders constantly. In fact,most people only absorb about 20 percent of
a speaker’s message. So, don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one.18.
Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker.19. And like everything else in life, that takes practice.
Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.
20. It’s rare to hear someone say, “I wish that speaker had spoken longer. “On the other hand, you probably
can’t count the times that you’ve thought, “I’m glad that talk is over. It seemed to go on forever! “So surprise your
audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. It’s better to leave your listeners
wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.
A. Do the opposite.
B. You want to be an effective public speaker.
C. You don’ t need to apologize for a minor slip.
D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.
E.The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience
F.Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners
G.However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.
【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了成为好的演讲者需要掌握的一些原则。
16.G 本文主题是介绍成为好的演讲者要掌握的一些原则。上句提到有些人生来就有演讲的天赋。G 项:然
而，大多数人之所以能成为有影响的演讲者，是因为他们受过训练。与上句转折，引出本文主题--演讲者
要训练。故选G。
17.A 下句Focus on the speaking.是本段主题，建议演讲者把注意力集中在演讲上。上句提到一种常见现象，
当站起来发表演讲时，演讲者往往会把注意力放在”公众”上，而不是”演讲”上。这是错误的做法，A
项Do the opposite.承上启下，说明了上句做法的错误，引出了下句正确的做法。故选A。
18.C 本段提到即使成功的演讲者也会犯错误，观众不会太在意你的错误。上句建议当出错时不要停止演讲，
除非是非常严重的错误。C 项:你不需要为一个小失误道歉。与上句承接，是对待演讲出错的方法。故选
C。
19. B 本段是说明练习的重要性。上句提到你的目标不是成为一个完美的演说家，下句应该说明目标是什么。
B. You want to be an effective public speaker.与上句衔接，是我们演讲的真正目的。故选B。
20.D 下文提到观众并不是认为演讲越长越好，根据 Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than
anticipated.可知，作者建议让演讲比预期的短一点，给观众更多的期待胜过让他们坐立不安地等待演讲结
束。D 项:公开演讲时，通常少就是多。说明了演讲时，多和少的辩证关系。故选D。
32.【2020 年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷（海南卷）】Talking with your doctor
Talking freely with your doctor can make you feel better and gives your doctor the information she or he needs
to give you the best care. Don't be afraid or embarrassed to discuss something that is bothering you.____16____
●Stay positive.
Go to your doctor's visits with a good attitude.____17____Think teamwork! Think positive!
●Keep track of how you are feeling.
____18____This will make it easier for you to answer questions about your symptoms（症状）and how
medicines make you feel. It also makes it easier for you to bring up anything that you are worried about. Make sure
to be honest about how you feel and how long you've felt that way.
●____19____
Your medical history is a list of your illnesses, treatments, what the doctors told you to do, and anything else
you think your doctor should know. Also, if you are allergic（过敏）to any medicines, be sure to mention that to
your doctor.
●Ask questions.
Do not be afraid to ask your doctor any questions you have. To remember all the questions you have when you
are not in the doctor's office, write them down and bring the list with you to your
appointment.____20____Remember—there's no such thing as a stupid question. If you don't understand the answer
to a question, ask the doctor to explain it again until you do understand.
A. This will make getting answers easier.
B. Here are some tips for talking with your doctor.
C. You can talk to another doctor if the treatments don't work.
D. Before your doctor's visit, keep notes on how you are feeling.
E. Remember, your doctor and other caregivers are on your side.
F. Bring your medical history, including a list of your current medicines.
G. Writing down what the doctor says will help you remember important information.
【答案】16. B 17. E 18. D 19. F 20. A
【解析】这是一篇应用文，文章讲述了与医生谈话的几个小建议。
【16 题详解】
根据文章第一段“Talking freely with your doctor can make you feel better and gives your doctor the information
she or he needs to give you the best care. Don't be afraid or embarrassed to discuss something that is bothering
you.”可知，与你的医生畅所欲言可以让你感觉好些，并向你的医生提供她或他需要的信息，以便为你提供
最好的护理。不要害怕或尴尬地讨论困扰你的事情。再结合下文为几条具体的建议，所以B 项：Here are
some tips for talking with your doctor.（这里有一些与你的医生交谈的小建议。）符合题意，为顺承关系，故
选B。
【17 题详解】
根据文章第二段“teamwork!”意为团队可知，E 项：Remember, your doctor and other caregivers are on your
side.（记住，你的医生和其他护理人员都站在你这边。）与此呼应，故选E。
【18 题详解】
根据文章“This will make it easier for you to answer questions about your symptoms（症状）and how medicines
make you feel. It also makes it easier for you to bring up anything that you are worried about. Make sure to be
honest about how you feel and how long you've felt that way.”可知，这将使你更容易回答关于你的症状和药物
让你感觉如何的问题。这也让你更容易提出你担心的任何事情。一定要诚实地说出你的感受，以及你这种
感觉持续了多久。由此可知，这都是在讲感受，故D 项：Before your doctor's visit, keep notes on how you
are feeling.（在你的医生来之前，记下你的感受。）与之呼应，故选D。
【19 题详解】
根据文章“Your medical history is a list of your illnesses, treatments, what the doctors told you to do, and
anything else you think your doctor should know. Also, if you are allergic（过敏）to any medicines, be sure to
mention that to your doctor.”可知，你的病史是你的疾病，治疗，医生告诉你做什么，以及你认为你的医生
应该知道的任何事情的清单。如果你有过敏的话，你也要提一下。因此可知看出，这是关于病史和清单的，
故F 项：Bring your medical history, including a list of your current medicines.（带上你的病史，包括你目前的
药物清单。）符合题意，相呼应，故选F。
【20 题详解】
根据文章“Do not be afraid to ask your doctor any questions you have. To remember all the questions you have
when you are not in the doctor's office, write them down and bring the list with you to your appointment.”可知，
不要害怕问你的医生你有的任何问题。当你不在医生办公室时，为了记住你的所有问题，把它们写下来，
并带着清单去你的预约。以及“Remember—there's no such thing as a stupid question. If you don't understand
the answer to a question, ask the doctor to explain it again until you do understand.”可知，记住，没有什么愚蠢
的问题。如果你不明白问题的答案，请医生再解释一遍，直到你明白为止。因此中间缺少过渡句，故A 项：
This will make getting answers easier.（这将使获得答案更容易。）正好可以连接两句，故选A。
33.【2020 年北京卷】Many people think that positive thinking is mostly about keeping one's head in the
sand and ignoring daily problems, trying to look optimistic. In reality it has more to do with the way an individual
talks to himself. Self-talk is a constant stream of thoughts of a person, who is often unaware and uncertain of some
events, phenomena, people, or even the person himself.____46____Meanwhile, positive thinking can help to stop
negative self-talks and start to form a positive view on an issue. People who regularly practise positive thinking
tend to solve problems more effectively. They are less exposed to stress caused by external factors. They tend to
believe in themselves and in what they do.
____47____People who think positively demonstrate increased life spans, lower rates of depression and
anxiety, better physical and psychological health, reduced risks of death from heart problems. Positive thinking also
contributes to one's ability to deal with problems and hardships.____48____For example, researchers have found
that in the case of a crisis accompanied by strong emotions, such as a natural disaster, positive thinking can provide
a sort of buffer against depression and anxiety. Resilient people who think positively tend to treat every problem as
a challenge, a chance for improvement of any kind, or as an opportunity for personal growth. Pessimists, on the
contrary, tend to perceive problems as a source of additional stress.____49____
In conclusion, positive thinking is a powerful and effective tool for dealing with hard times and improving the
quality of one's life. It doesn't have anything to do with ignorant optimism when an individual refuses to notice a
problem.____50____
Thinking in a positive, self-encouraging way brings about many benefits to one's physical and mental health.
A. It doesn't cause any severe emotional discomfort, either.
B. Negative self-talk damages self-confidence and decreases self-respect.
C. It helps one to remain clear-headed and confident in difficult situations.
D. Positive thinking has several beneficial effects on the body and the mind.
E. As thinking changes, an individual's behaviour and habits change as well.
F. They often offer a real alternative to the common and regular way of thinking.
G. They often feel discouraged long before trying to solve the problem, even if small.
【答案】46. B 47. D 48. C 49. G 50. A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了积极思考对人产生的各种益处，同时将积极思考者与悲观主义
者相比较，分析两种人的差异。积极思维是应对困难时期和提高个人生活质量的强大而有效的工具。
【46 题详解】
根据上文“Self-talk is a constant stream of thoughts of a person, who is often unaware and uncertain of some
events, phenomena, people, or even the person himself.(自我对话是一个人持续不断的想法，他常常对一些事
件、现象、人，甚至是他自己都没有意识和不确定)”以及后文“Meanwhile, positive thinking can help to stop
negative self-talks and start to form a positive view on an issue.(同时，积极的思考可以帮助停止消极的自我对
话，开始形成对一个问题的积极的观点)”由此可知，上文对自我对话进行了定义，后文则提到了积极的思
考可以有助于停止消极的自我对话，可知本句是在说明消极的自我对话对人的不良影响。后文中negative
self-talks 可对应到B 选项中Negative self-talk。故B 选项“消极的自言自语会损害自信，降低自尊”符合语
境，故选B。
【47 题详解】
根据后文“People who think positively demonstrate increased life spans, lower rates of depression and anxiety,
better physical and psychological health, reduced risks of death from heart problems. Positive thinking also
contributes to one's ability to deal with problems and hardships.(积极思考的人寿命更长，抑郁和焦虑率更低，
身心更健康，死于心脏问题的风险更低。积极的思考也有助于一个人处理问题和困难的能力)”由此可知，
后文提到了积极思考对人的益处，后文中People who think positively 以及Positive thinking 可对应到D 选项
中Positive thinking。故D 选项“积极思考对身心有几个有益的影响”符合语境，故选D。
【48 题详解】
根据后文“For example, researchers have found that in the case of a crisis accompanied by strong emotions, such
as a natural disaster, positive thinking can provide a sort of buffer against depression and anxiety.(例如，研究人员
发现，当危机伴随着强烈的情绪时，比如自然灾害，积极的思考可以为抑郁和焦虑提供一种缓冲)”可知，
后文举出的例子说明了积极思考可以让一个人在面临危机时，保持冷静。故C 选项“它帮助一个人在困难
的情况下保持头脑清醒和自信”符合语境，故选C。
【49 题详解】
根据上文“Resilient people who think positively tend to treat every problem as a challenge, a chance for
improvement of any kind, or as an opportunity for personal growth. Pessimists, on the contrary, tend to perceive
problems as a source of additional stress.(积极思考的、有韧性的人倾向于把每一个问题都看作是一个挑战，
一个改进的机会，或者一个个人成长的机会。相反，悲观主义者倾向于将问题视为额外压力的来源)可知，
上文在将积极思考者与悲观主义者相比较，本句应承接上文，进一步解释说明悲观主义者在解决问题时一
些性格特点。上文Pessimists 可对应到G 选项中They。故G 选项“他们常常在试图解决问题之前就感到气
馁，即使是很小的问题”符合语境，故选G。
【50 题详解】
根据上文“In conclusion, positive thinking is a powerful and effective tool for dealing with hard times and
improving the quality of one's life. It doesn't have anything to do with ignorant optimism when an individual
refuses to notice a problem. (总之，积极思考是应对困难时期和提高个人生活质量的强大而有效的工具。当
一个人拒绝注意到一个问题时，它与无知的乐观主义没有任何关系)”可知，本句承接上文进一步说明一个
人拒绝注意到问题的影响，它与无知的乐观主义没有任何关系，也不会引起任何严重的情绪不适。故A 选
项“它也不会引起任何严重的情绪不适”符合语境，故选A。
34.【2020 年浙江卷1 月】Let's take a minute to think about the water we use. The human body is 60% water
and we need to drink lots of water to be healthy. When we are thirsty we just go to the kitchen and fill a glass with
clean water.
___31___For example, farmers, who produce the food we eat, use water to make the plants grow. When we
turn on a light or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy.
The truth is that we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want，but this is not the case for many
people around the world.___32___That's around one in 10 people in the world. If we drink dirty water，we can
catch diseases from the bacteria and become ill. Every year over 500，000 children die from diarrhea(腹泻)from
dirty water. That's around 1，400 children every day！Also，in some countries children walk many kilometres
every day to get water.___33___Therefore，they don't have time to learn how to read or write and don't get an
education.
___34___On this day every year，countries around the world hold events to educate people about the
problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world. At one
school in the UK，children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6km with six litres of water.___35___People give
them money to do this and all the money helps get clean water to as many people as possible around the world.
A. We use water indirectly too.
B. Every system in our body depends on water to function.
C. It is to inspire people to learn more about water-related problems
D. If children walk many hours a day to get water，they can't go to school.
E. Did you know that around 750 million people do not have clean water to drink？
F. In 1993 the United Nations decided that March 22nd is the World Day for Water.
G. In this way，they know how it feels to walk a long distance carrying heavy bottles.
【答案】31. A 32. E 33. D 34. F 35. G
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了水是我们生活中非常重要的能源，而世界上很多人并不像我们这样
幸运能喝到干净的水。世界上大约有7.5 亿人没有干净的水喝，每年有50 多万儿童死于脏水引起的腹泻。
就此联合国决定3 月22 日为世界水日，并在当天举办活动来教育人们关于脏水的问题，让人们知道清洁的
水是全世界每个人都应该拥有的。
【31 题详解】
根据下文For example, farmers, who produce the food we eat, use water to make the plants grow. When we turn on
a light or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy.（例如，生产我
们吃的食物的农民，使用水使植物生长。当我们打开电灯或电视或电脑的开关时，我们使用能源，我们需
要水来产生这种能源）可知下文是在列举人们间接使用水的例子，故A 选项“我们也间接地用水。”符合
上下文语境，故选A。
【32 题详解】
根据下文That's around one in 10 people in the world.（那大约是世界上十分之一的人）可推知本句为说明世
界上没有干净水喝的人数。故E 选项“你知道大约有7.5 亿人没有干净的水喝吗?”符合上下文语境，故选
E。
【33 题详解】
根据上文Also，in some countries children walk many kilometres every day to get water.（而且，在一些国家，
孩子们每天要走很多公里去取水）中walk many kilometres every day to get water 可对应到D 选项中walk
many hours a day to get water，故D 选项“如果孩子们每天走很多小时去取水，他们就不能去上学。”符合
上下文语境，故选D。
【34 题详解】
结合下文On this day every year，countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of
dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world.（每年的这一天，世界
各国都会举办各种活动，让人们了解脏水的问题，让他们知道清洁的水是全世界每个人都应该拥有的）是
在说明世界水日当天的活动，故可知本句为说明世界水日的设立时间，故F 选项“1993 年，联合国决定3
月22 日为世界水日。”符合上下文语境，故选F。
【35 题详解】
根据前文At one school in the UK，children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6km with six litres of water.（在
英国的一所学校，10 到15 岁的孩子负重6 升水来步行6 公里）可推知本句承接上文继续说明这一做法的意
义是让孩子们了解带着沉重的瓶子走很长的距离是什么感觉。故G 选项“通过这种方式，他们知道带着沉
重的瓶子走很长的距离是什么感觉。”符合上下文语境，故选G。
