专题 04 完形填空
1.（2024届·广西南宁·统考一模）
At the school Art Festival, I was asked to design the costumes for three school plays. Everyone was 1
to see the actors wear my costumes on stage. This experience has made me realize that I am really good at 2 and
have a talent for fashion design, which has inspired me to 3 fashion design as my job. That way, I can 4
work with my interests and strengths. To find out how to 5 the field of fashion design, I did some 6 about
what kind of education and skills I might need. I 7 that many premier fashion designers studied at fashion
design institutes in London, Paris or Milan. I also keep a(n) 8 on job ads for the fashion industry to see
what abilities or 9 designers should have.
After much thought, I decided to 10 these skills and get the right qualifications by studying art at
university. While I am there, I would like to work part-time for a fashion design company in order to 11
from other designers. Actually, I don’t have to wait until I go to university to swing into 12 as there will be
a workshop in my city next month which I am hoping to 13
After graduation, I will 14 a job as a fashion designer. One day, I hope to start my own 15
company.
1．A．determined B．amazed C．awkward D．expected
2．A．drawing B．acting C．sculpture D．communication
3．A．challenge B．admire C．pursue D．aid
4．A．provide B．compare C．create D．combine
5．A．get into B．get through C．get over D．get from
6．A．training B．research C．quiz D．schedule
7．A．checked B．persuaded C．recognized D．forecasted
8．A．head B．eye C．back D．foot
9．A．flexibility B．standards C．drawbacks D．qualities
10．A．apply B．demonstrate C．improve D．acquire
11．A．learn B．result C．benefit D．obtain
12．A．motion B．action C．position D．operation
13．A．attend B．equip C．design D．organize
14．A．conduct B．submit C．land D．perform
15．A．accounting B．consulting C．cleaning D．clothing
【答案】
1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．D 11．A
12．B 13．A 14．C 15．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一次为学校设计戏剧服装的经历，让作者认识到自己的设计天
赋，并决定成为设计师的一系列的努力。1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个人看到演员们在舞台上穿着我的服装都很惊讶。A. determined决定；B.
amazed惊奇的；C. awkward尴尬的；D. expected期待的。根据后文“This experience has made me realize
that I am really good at 2 and have a talent for fashion design, which has inspired me to 3 fashion
design as my job.(这次经历让我意识到我真的很擅长画画，而且有服装设计的天赋，这也激励了我把服装设
计作为自己的工作。)”可知，作者的作品很让人惊讶。故选B。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次经历让我意识到我真的很擅长画画，而且有服装设计的天赋，这也激
励了我把服装设计作为自己的工作。A. drawing画画；B. acting表演，演技；C. sculpture雕塑；D.
communication交流。根据上文“At the school Art Festival, I was asked to design the costumes for three school
plays. Everyone was 1 to see the actors wear my costumes on stage. (在学校艺术节上，我被要求为三部
学校戏剧设计服装。每个人看到演员们在舞台上穿着我的服装都很惊讶。)”可知，作者为演员设计的服装
让自己意识到自己很有画画的天赋。故选A。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次经历让我意识到我真的很擅长画画，而且有服装设计的天赋，这也激
励了我把服装设计作为自己的工作。A. challenge挑战；B. admire羡慕；C. pursue追求；D. aid救援。根据
本句“This experience has made me realize that I am really good at 2 and have a talent for fashion design,
(这次经历让我意识到我真的很擅长画画，而且有服装设计的天赋，这也激励了我把服装设计作为自己的工
作。)”可知，这次经历让作者意识到自己有画画的天赋，也激励作者把服装设计作为自己的工作。故选
C。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样，我就能把工作与我的兴趣和长处结合起来。A. provide提供；B.
compare比较；C. create创造；D. combine结合。根据本句“This experience has made me realize that I am
really good at 2 and have a talent for fashion design, (这次经历让我意识到我真的很擅长画画，而且有
服装设计的天赋，这也激励了我把服装设计作为自己的工作。)”可知，作者把服装设计作为自己的工作是
把自己的兴趣和长处结合起来。故选D。
5．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：为了弄清楚如何进入时装设计领域，我做了一些关于我可能需要什么
样的教育和技能的研究。A. get into进入；B. get through通过；C. get over克服；D. get from摆脱。根据本
句“I did some 6 about what kind of education and skills I might need.(我做了一些关于我可能需要什么
样的教育和技能的研究)”可知，作者是为了弄清楚如何进入时装设计领域，所以做了一些关于可能需要什
么样的教育和技能的研究。故选A。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. training训练；B. research研究；C. quiz测试；D. schedule时
间表。根据本句“To find out how to 5 the field of fashion design,(为了弄清楚如何进入时装设计领
域，)”以及“about what kind of education and skills I might need.(我可能需要什么样的教育和技能)”可知，作
者为了弄清楚如何进入时装设计领域，做了一些关于可能需要什么样的教育和技能的研究。故选B。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我认识到许多一流的时装设计师都是在伦敦、巴黎或米兰的时装设计学院
学习的。A. checked检查；B. persuaded劝服；C. recognized辨认出，认识到；D. forecasted预测。根据
“that many premier fashion designers studied at fashion design institutes in London, Paris or Milan.(许多一流的
时装设计师都是在伦敦、巴黎或米兰的时装设计学院学习的)”可知，作者认识到许多一流的时装设计师都
是在伦敦、巴黎或米兰的时装设计学院学习的。故选C。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我也会关注时尚行业的招聘广告，看看设计师应该具备哪些能力或品质。A. head头；B. eye眼睛；C. back后背；D. foot脚。根据“on job ads for the fashion industry(时尚行业的招聘
广告)”可知，作者也会关注时尚行业的招聘广告。keep an eye on密切关注。故选B。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. flexibility灵活性；B. standards标准；C. drawbacks缺点；D.
qualities质量，品质。设空处和or前的“abilities(能力)”并列可知，作者是了解设计师应该具备哪些能力或
品质。故选D。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过深思熟虑，我决定通过在大学学习艺术来获得这些技能并获得相应的
资格证书。A. apply应用；B. demonstrate证明；C. improve提高；D. acquire获得。根据上文“get the right
qualifications by studying art at university. (通过在大学学习艺术)”可知，作者决定通过在大学学习艺术来获
得这些技能。故选D。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我在那里的时候，我想为一家时装设计公司做兼职，以便向其他设计师
学习。A. learn学习；B. result结果；C. benefit受益；D. obtain获得。根据“I would like to work part-time
for a fashion design company(我想在时装设计公司做兼职)”可知，作者在时装公司做兼职的目的是向其他设
计师学习。故选A。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我不必等到上了大学才付诸行动，因为下个月我所在的城市将有
一个研讨会，我希望能参加。A. motion运动；B. action行动；C. position位置；D. operation操作。根据本
句“as there will be a workshop in my city next month which I am hoping to 1 3 (因为下个月我所在的城
市将有一个研讨会，我希望能参加。)”可知，作者不必等到上了大学才付诸行动。swing into action迅速行
动。故选B。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. attend参加；B. equip装备；C. design设计；D. organize组
织。根据“a workshop(一个研讨会)”可知，作者希望能参加研讨会。故选A。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：毕业后，我将获得一份时装设计师的工作。A. conduct实施，进行；B.
submit提交；C. land着陆，获得；D. perform表现，表演。根据本句“as a fashion designer(作为时装设计师
的工作)”可知，作者将找一份时装设计师的工作。故选C。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望有一天能创办自己的服装公司。A. accounting会计；B. consulting咨
询；C. cleaning清理；D. clothing服装。根据上句“After graduation, I will 1 4 a job as a fashion
designer.(毕业后，我将找一份时装设计师的工作。)”可知，作者希望有一天能创办自己的服装公司。故选
D。
2.（2024届·广西北海一模）
“Sorry, that’s incorrect.” Never had I thought that, with the simple word “substitute”, I would meet my
Waterloo in a 16 competition. With the spotlight shining straight into my eyes, I could do nothing but walk
off the stage, my mind was blank.
The spelling competition is 17 the most long-awaited event of the year for many students in our
school. To have a wonderful stage debut (首次亮相), I devoted myself to learning English 18 for months. I
19 rather well in the first two rounds of the competition, making it to the final as 20 However, I found
that I still had a long way to go. Therefore, I spared no effort trying to 21 as many words as possible before
the big day.Eventually, the day arrived. Seated onstage, holding my pen and paper 22 , I glanced breathlessly at the
hundreds of eager-looking faces out there. With the clock ticking away, I felt my heart 23 wildly.
Watching the other contestants (选手) spelling out their words, I waited for my 24 . Thankfully, my
first word was an easy one. After another round of waiting, it was time for my second word. “Contestant No. 43,
your word is ‘substitute’.” So 25 !
I wrote down the first four letters on my 26 . “S-U-B-S-I-T-U-T-E, substitute,” I said confidently. But
sadly, I didn’t realize the misspelling until the judge said, “ 27 .”
Making such a 28 in the competition, I did gain a deeper understanding of the 29 : He who
laughs last, laughs best. This experience has taught me that overconfidence might 30 our downfall. Only
when we stay humble can we “laugh last and best”.
16．A．spelling B．shooting C．sports D．beauty
17．A．impossibly B．frequently C．undoubtedly D．initially
18．A．poetry B．pronunciation C．vocabulary D．grammar
19．A．managed B．performed C．functioned D．worked
20．A．planned B．promised C．ordered D．requested
21．A．coin B．memorize C．use D．write
22．A．casually B．loosely C．patiently D．tightly
23．A．beating B．aching C．wondering D．sinking
24．A．call B．signal C．turn D．count
25．A．attractive B．interesting C．complex D．easy
26．A．paper B．book C．screen D．desk
27．A．Congratulations B．Sorry C．Yes D．No
28．A．fortune B．decision C．mess D．mistake
29．A．song B．saying C．lecture D．speech
30．A．point out B．insist on C．subscribe to D．lead to
【答案】
16．A 17．C 18．C 19．B 20．A 21．B 22．D 23．A 24．C 25．D
26．A 27．B 28．D 29．B 30．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在单词拼写比赛中过度自信，结果导致单词拼写错误，
从中作者得到了深刻的教训：过度自信可能会导致我们失败。
16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有想过，只用一个简单的词“substitute”，我就能在拼写比赛中遇
到我的滑铁卢。A. spelling拼写；B. shooting射击；C. sports运动；D. beauty美丽。由下文“The spelling
competition”可知，作者正在参加单词拼写比赛，故选A。
17．考查副词词义辨析。句意：对于我们学校的许多学生来说，拼写比赛无疑是一年中期待已久的活动。
A. impossibly不可能地；B. frequently频繁地；C. undoubtedly毋庸置疑地；D. initially最初地。由下文“To
have a wonderful stage debut (首次亮相), I devoted myself to learning English______for months.”可知，作者很
喜欢拼写比赛，所以此处指拼写比赛无疑是一年中作者期待已久的活动，故选C。18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了有一个精彩的舞台处女秀，我花了几个月的时间学习英语词汇。A.
poetry诗歌；B. pronunciation发音；C. vocabulary词汇；D. grammar语法。上文提到作者参加单词拼写比
赛可知，作者为了准备比赛应该是练习英语词汇，故选C。
19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在前两轮比赛中表现得相当不错，按计划进入了决赛。A. managed管
理；B. performed表演，表现；C. functioned运转，起作用；D. worked工作。由下文“making it to the final”
可知，作者进入了决赛，说明作者表现不错，故选B。
20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在前两轮比赛中表现得相当不错，按计划进入了决赛。A. planned计
划；B. promised承诺；C. ordered命令；D. requested要求。as planned固定搭配，意为“按计划进行”，由
上文“I devoted myself to learning English______for months.”和上面提到的作者在前两轮比赛中表现很好可
知，作者为了比赛准备了很长时间，作者在前两轮表现不错，进入决赛，由此可知，一切都按计划进行，
故选A。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，在这一天到来前，我不遗余力地试图记住尽可能多的单词。A. coin
铸造（硬币）；B. memorize记住；C. use使用；D. write写作。上文提到作者参加单词拼写比赛可知，作
者为了准备比赛，应该是试图记住尽可能多的单词，故选B。
22．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我坐在舞台上，紧紧地握着笔和纸，屏息凝视着外面成百上千张热切盼望
的面孔。A. casually随意地；B. loosely宽松地；C. patiently耐心地；D. tightly牢固地。由下文“I glanced
breathlessly at the hundreds of eager-looking faces out there.”可知，作者参加比赛时应该是积极表现，随时准
备作答，所以说是紧紧握住笔，这也体现了作者对比赛的重视，以及作者当时的紧张心情，故选D。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的流逝，我感到自己的心在狂跳。A. beating击打；（心脏）跳
到；B. aching疼；C. wondering好奇；D. sinking下沉。由上文“With the clock ticking away, I felt my heart”
可知，作者参加比赛时应该是紧张激动，所以感觉心在跳动，故选A。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：看着其他参赛者拼出他们的单词，我等着轮到我。A. call打电话；B. signal
预示，告示；C. turn转弯，轮流；D. count数。上文“Watching the other contestants (选手) spelling out their
words, I waited for my”可知，作者看着其他参赛者拼出他们的单词，同时也在等着轮到作者拼写单词，故
选C。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：太简单了！A. attractive有吸引力的；B. interesting有趣的；C. complex
复杂的；D. easy简单的。由上文“Thankfully, my first word was an easy one. After another round of waiting, it
was time for my second word. “Contestant No. 43, your word is‘substitute’.””和下文“I said confidently”可知，
作者的第一个单词很简单，第二个单词是“substitute”，作者回答后很自信，由此可知，作者认为这个单词
也很简单，故选D。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把前四个字母写在纸上。A. paper纸；B. book书；C. screen屏幕；D.
desk桌子。由上文“I wrote down the first four letters on my”和第三段提到的“holding my pen and paper”可
知，在纸上写下字母，故选A。
27．考查交际用语辨析。句意：但可惜的是，直到裁判说“对不起”我才意识到拼错了。A.
Congratulations祝贺；B. Sorry抱歉；很遗憾；C. Yes是的；D. No不是。由上文“But sadly”可知，很可惜
作者拼错了，所以裁判说“很遗憾”，故选B。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在比赛中犯了这样一个错误，我确实对这句话有了更深刻的理解：笑到最后的人笑得最好。A. fortune好运；B. decision决定；C. mess一团糟；D. mistake错误。根据第一段中
““Sorry, that’s incorrect.””和上文“But sadly, I didn't realize the misspelling”可知，作者单词拼写错误，即
比赛中犯了一个错，故选D。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在比赛中犯了这样一个错误，我确实对这句话有了更深刻的理解：笑到最
后的人笑得最好。A. song歌曲；B. sayiny谚语；C. lecture演讲；D. speech演说。下文“He who laughs last,
laughs best.(笑到最后的人笑得最好)”是一个谚语，故选B。
30．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这次经历告诉我，过度自信可能会导致我们失败。A. point out指出；
B. insist on坚持；C. subscribe to订阅；D. lead to导致。根据上文“This experience has taught me that
overconfidence might”和下文“our downfall.”可知，作者通过自己的经历告诉我们：过度自信可能会导致我
们失败。故选D。
3.（2024·甘肃白银一模）
In high school, I did a scientific experiment. The experiment made me 31 that science could teach us a
lot. It teaches us the 32 so we know where we are from. That day, I firmly 33 to be a scientist. Ever
since that day, I have studied harder 34 in all my science-related subjects. After school, I do much research
on how I can become a 35 scientist in the future.
One of my 36 in becoming a scientist is Barbara McClintock, who was awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine. At 25, she already had her PhD in botany. After that, she started her 37 as the
leader in the development of maize cytogenetics (玉米细胞遗传学) and she 38 herself to that research for
the rest of her life.
If I am lucky and given the 39 to achieve my ambition as a scientist, I want to be like Doctor
McClintock. She 40 something that helped the other scientists 41 the things about genetics
(遗传学).
I know I will be able to achieve my 42 as long as I put my heart and perseverance into it. If I
achieve my goal, I will share my 43 of success with all the kids who also love science and want to
become scientists. My future will be as 44 as the stars in the night sky. However, my future is still far. I
will make the most of the 45 to achieve my greatest ambition of becoming a scientist.
31．A．doubt B．wonder C．realize D．value
32．A．school B．origin C．growth D．study
33．A．refused B．volunteered C．continued D．decided
34．A．especially B．possibly C．properly D．separately
35．A．happy B．popular C．real D．careful
36．A．experiences B．persuasions C．generations D．inspirations
37．A．attempt B．career C．praise D．tradition
38．A．devoted B．invited C．limited D．reduced
39．A．reason B．freedom C．right D．opportunity
40．A．heard B．expected C．discovered D．awarded41．A．set out B．figure out C．stick out D．take out
42．A．dream B．reward C．fame D．stage
43．A．fortune B．location C．light D．secret
44．A．bright B．capable C．proud D．brave
45．A．lesson B．present C．mind D．heart
【答案】
31．C 32．B 33．D 34．A 35．C 36．D 37．B 38．A 39．D 40．C
41．B 42．A 43．D 44．A 45．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了作者在中学某次做实验的时候，发现了科学能够教会我们很多东
西，自此作者励志成为一名科学家，尽管未来很遥远，作者会充分把握现在去实现梦想。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个实验让我意识到科学可以教会我们很多东西。A. doubt怀疑；B.
wonder想知道；C. realize意识到；D. value珍视。后文“It teaches us the ___2___ so we know where we are
from.”进一步描述科学教会了我们的具体内容，所以该空表示实验让作者“意识”到了科学能教育我们。
故选C。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它教会我们起源，让我们知道自己来自哪里。A. school学校；B. origin起
源；C. growth成长；D. study学习，研究。根据空后内容“so we know where we are (因此我们知道我们来
自于哪里)”可知科学教了我们“起源”。故选B。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天，我下定决心要成为一名科学家。A. refused拒绝；B. volunteered志
愿做；C. continued继续；D. decided决定。此处考查动作顺序。空前作者通过做实验发现了科学能教授内
容；空后“I have studied harder ___4___ in all my science-related subjects.”作者更加努力去学习与科学有关的
学科，所以该空描述作者“决定”去成为一名科学家。故选D。
34．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我更加努力地学习，尤其是在所有与科学相关的科目上。A. especially尤
其；B. possibly可能；C. properly适当地；D. separately分别地。前文讲述作者决定成为一名科学家，所以
“尤其”会对与科学相关的课程更关注。故选A。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：放学后，我做了很多关于如何在未来成为一名真正的科学家的研究。A.
happy高兴的；B. popular受欢迎的；C. real真实的；D. careful仔细的。前文讲述作者决定成为一名科学家
并为之付诸努力，所以此处作者去调研如何成为一名“真正”的科学家。故选C。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我成为科学家的灵感之一是Barbara McClintock，她曾获得1983年诺贝尔
生理学或医学奖。A. experiences经历；B. persuasions说服；C. generations代；D. inspirations灵感。根据后
文具体介绍的科学家Barbara McClintock可知，她是作者变成科学家的“灵感”之一。故选D。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那之后，她作为玉米细胞遗传学研究的领导者开始了她的职业生涯，并
将她的余生奉献给了这项研究。A. attempt尝试；B. career事业；C. praise表扬；D. tradition传统。空后“
the development of maize cytogenetics (玉米细胞遗传学) ”是她从事的“事业”的具体领域。故选B。
38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那之后，她作为玉米细胞遗传学研究的领导者开始了她的职业生涯，并
将她的余生奉献给了这项研究。A. devoted奉献；B. invited邀请；C. limited限制；D. reduced减少。根据
空后“for the rest of her life”可知，Barbara McClintock开启研究后，余生都“奉献”给了这项研究。故选
A。39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我很幸运，有机会实现我作为一名科学家的抱负，我想成为
McClintock博士那样的人。A. reason理由；B. freedom自由；C. right权利；D. opportunity机会。根据空后
“I want to be like Doctor McClintock”和空前提示词“lucky”可知，此处表示将来未发生的，所以是被给予
成为科学家的“机会”。故选D。
40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的发现帮助其他科学家弄清楚了遗传学的一些事情。A. heard听说；B.
expected期待；C. discovered发现；D. awarded授予。根据空后内容“something that helped the other
scientists”可知，她“发现”的一些事情帮助了其他科学家。故选C。
41．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她的发现帮助其他科学家弄清楚了遗传学的一些事情。A. set out出发；B.
figure out弄清楚；C stick out伸出；显眼；D. take out取出。McClintock博士所发现的东西帮助了其他科学
家“弄清楚”了关于遗传学的内容。故选B。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道只要我把我的心和毅力投入其中，我就能实现我的梦想。A. dream
梦想；B. reward奖励；C. fame荣誉；D. stage阶段，舞台。由提示动词achieve可知，A选项符合题意，同
时呼应前文的“ambition”。故选A。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我实现了我的目标，我将与所有同样热爱科学并想成为科学家的孩子
们分享我的成功秘诀。A. fortune幸运；B. location位置；C. light光；D. secret秘诀。根据空后“of success
with all the kids”可知，作者会和孩子们分享成功的“秘诀”。故选D。
44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的未来会像夜空中的星星一样明亮。A. bright明亮的；B. capable有能
力的；C. proud自豪的；D. brave勇敢的。作者把自己的未来比作天上的星星，所以应该是“明亮的”。故
选A。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我将充分利用现在来实现我成为一名科学家的最伟大的抱负。A. lesson课
程；B. present现在；C. mind思维；D. heart内心。前文描述作者的未来还很遥远，所以此处应该是作者会
充分把握好“现在”去实现未来目标。故选B。
4.（2024届·甘肃张掖一模）
Born and raised in Dunhuang, Northwest China’s Gansu Province, Yao Yanbei has long been lost in the
cultural heritage of the city. She 46 to Dunhuang as a promising 47 after graduating from a college
in Xiamen.
In 2016, inspired by patterns in Dunhuang murals (壁画), Yao 48 a toy camel. “Through the toy
camel, I intended to 49 the spirit of the locals who are usually tough-minded and hard-working,” Yao said.
In August 2017, Yao spent nearly a month inside grottoes (石窟) drawing the murals. “Staying in the grottoes
from dawn to dusk, I felt 50 connected with the ancient artists who 51 the murals. It was an
amazing 52 ,” she said. Inspired by the sculptures and murals, Yao later designed some innovative products,
including T-shirts, bookmarks, pocket mirrors and key rings.
Thanks to the efforts of designers like Yao, the 53 and creative industry began to take root in
Dunhuang. Starting from 2018, every year the city has 54 an international design week to help 55
the industry. “By pooling the wisdom of designers from home and abroad, we want to make Dunhuang’s creative
56 more fashionable,” said Liu Mengxing, a vice general manager of a local company.Looking ahead at her 57 in design, Yao plans to 58 Dunhuang’s ancient art further and apply the
wisdom of ancient artists to products of modern life. “I want to design more creative products that 59 more
international customers,” said Yao. “I hope my design can bring people 60 to Dunhuang.”
46．A．travelled B．escaped C．came D．returned
47．A．architect B．designer C．author D．engineer
48．A．drew B．bought C．imagined D．created
49．A．obtain B．test C．convey D．comment
50．A．spiritually B．emotionally C．physically D．materially
51．A．wrote B．painted C．displayed D．watched
52．A．experience B．memory C．discovery D．attempt
53．A．traditional B．modern C．cultural D．ancient
54．A．pooled B．showed C．held D．taken
55．A．promote B．strengthen C．change D．enlarge
56．A．industry B．products C．environment D．pictures
57．A．preparations B．job C．future D．career
58．A．apply B．explore C．conduct D．touch
59．A．test out B．result in C．rely on D．appeal to
60．A．closer B．deeper C．stronger D．better
【答案】
46．D 47．B 48．D 49．C 50．A 51．B 52．A 53．C 54．C 55．A
56．B 57．D 58．B 59．D 60．A
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述文创设计师Yao Yanbei在文创设计上做出了突出贡献，弘扬
了敦煌的艺术文化，在他们这些文创设计师的影响下，文创产业在敦煌扎根。
46． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从厦门的一所大学毕业后，她回到敦煌，成为了一名很有前途的设计
师。A. travelled旅行；B. escaped逃跑；C. came来；D. returned返回。根据上文中的“Born and raised in
Dunhuang”以及下文中的“to Dunhuang”可知，此处指的是她毕业后“回到”敦煌。故选D。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. architect建筑师；B. designer设计师；C. author作者；D. engineer工
程师。根据下文中的“Thanks to the efforts of designers like Yao”可知，Yao是一名有前途的“设计师”。故
选B。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2016年，受敦煌壁画图案的启发，Yao创作了一只玩具骆驼。A. drew画；
B. bought买；C. imagined想象；D. created创作。根据空后的“a toy camel”及语境可知，玩具骆驼是文创
产品，应该是“创作”出一只玩具骆驼。故选D。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Yao说：“我想通过这只玩具骆驼来传达当地人坚强、勤奋的精神。”A.
obtain获得；B. test测试；C. convey传达，传递；D. comment评论。根据前文的“Through the toy camel”和
下文的“the spirit of the locals who are usually tough-minded and hard-working”可推断，Yao想要通过这只玩
具骆驼传达当地人坚强、勤奋的精神，故选C。
50．考查副词词义辨析。句意：从早到晚待在石窟里，我觉得自己与绘制壁画的古代艺术家在精神上是相通的。A. spiritually在精神上；B. emotionally情感地；C. physically 身体上；D. materially实质地。根据下
文的“the ancient artists”可知，与绘制壁画的古代艺术家的联系应该是精神上的。故选A。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. wrote写；B. painted画、绘制；C. displayed展览；D. watched观
看。分析句子结构可知，此处是who引导的定语从句，先行词为artists，空后为“壁画”，由此可知，艺
术家是“绘制”壁画。故选B。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这是一种奇妙的经历，”她说。A. experience经历，体验；B. memory
记忆；C. discovery发现；D. attempt尝试，努力。根据上文“Staying in the grottoes from dawn to dusk…”可
知，从早到晚都待在石窟里，与古代画家精神相通是一种奇妙的经历，故选A。
53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在Yao等设计师的努力下，文化创意产业开始在敦煌扎根。A. traditional
传统的；B. modern现代的；C. cultural文化的；D. ancient古代的。根据文章首句中“the cultural heritage of
the city”可知，敦煌有很多文化遗址，因此有关敦煌的创意产业是文化产业。故选C。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从2018年开始，这座城市每年都会举办国际设计周，以促进该行业的发
展。A. pooled集中资源；B. showed展示；C. held举行；D. taken拿，取。根据空后的“an international
design week”可知，此处指举办国际设计周，故选C。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. promote促进，推动；B. strengthen加强，增强；C. change改变；
D. enlarge扩大。根据下文中的“we want to make Dunhuang’s creative ___11___ more fashionable”可知，举
办设计周是为了“促进”敦煌的产业发展。故选A。
56．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“通过汇集国内外设计师的智慧，我们希望让敦煌的创意产品更加时
尚，”当地一家公司的副总经理Liu Mengxing说。A. industry工业；B. products产品；C. environment环
境；D. pictures图片。根据上文“Inspired by the sculptures and murals, Yao later designed some innovative
products(受到雕塑和壁画的启发，Yao后来设计了一些创新产品)”以及空前“By pooling the wisdom of
designers from home and abroad”可知，设计师是设计与敦煌文化相关的文化创意产品，故汇集众多设计师
的智慧是为了让文创产品更时尚，故选B。
57．考查名词词义辨析。句意：展望未来的设计生涯，Yao计划进一步探索敦煌的古代艺术，并将古代艺
术家的智慧运用到现代生活的产品中。A. preparations准备；B. job工作；C. future未来；D. career事业。
根据下文“I want to design more creative products that ___14___ more international customers”可知，Yao展望
自己的设计事业，故选D。
58．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. apply运用；B. explore探索；C. conduct实施，组织；D. touch触
摸。根据下文中的“apply the wisdom of ancient artists to products of modern life.”可知，只有进一步“探索”
才会把古人的智慧应用到现代生活中。故选B。
59．考查动词短语辨析。句意：“我想设计出更有创意的产品，吸引更多的国际客户，”Yao说。A. test
out对……进行彻底检验；B. result in导致；C. rely on依靠；D. appeal to吸引。根据下文“I hope my design
can bring people ___15___ to Dunhuang.”可知，Yao想要设计更多创意产品“吸引”更多国际顾客来敦煌，
故选D。
60．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望我的设计能拉近人们与敦煌的距离。A. closer更近；B. deeper更
深；C. stronger更强壮；D. better更好。根据上文中的“Through the toy camel, I intended to ___4___ the
spirit of the locals who are usually tough-minded and hard-working”以及上一句上文“I want to design morecreative products that ___14___ more international customers”可知，Yao想通过玩具骆驼传达当地人的精神，
并想设计出更有创意的产品，吸引更多的国际客户，由此可推断，此处指的是Yao想让更多的人了解敦
煌，“拉近”人们与敦煌的距离。故选A。
5.（2024届·江西萍乡一模）
Life, as I know, has changed. My beloved nanny, a stand-in parent in the absence of my father, had cancer. It
was terminal.
As she watched Getaway on television, she talked to me that she’d never 61 Australia and that she
would never later. I 62 the sadness, tears streaming down my face. Overwhelmed with much grief, I 63
the power of Facebook and the collective strength of human empathy. I raced from work to 64 strangers on
the internet. “My nanny was ill and she will never see the world. Please send her postcards so she can see the world
from her armchair. I can offer nothing but 65 .”
Surprisingly, one afternoon, a postcard from the United States arrived in our letterbox. That simple postcard
was to me a beacon of light in a lonely and 66 chapter. I held it in my hands, read and re-read the words,
feeling something I hadn’t felt in a while— 67 . From that day, our letterbox became the 68 for
postcards from all over the world. Tears of happiness mixed with 69 fell onto those postcards.
My dream of armchair travels became a 70 . We travelled the world together. Her living room
became a departure hall. Her bed became an airport lounge and our flights 71 daily. Whatever she shared
became 72 . Our very last flight departed on a warm morning in early August in 2018. My dearest travel
companion 73 on in another time and place.
Among the hushed memories, the 74 , over 100 of them, made their final journey to Nanny’s
farewell. My nanny, a woman who worried she would never see the world, but did it without regret.
I have recovered from great loss knowing that life consists of first greetings and final partings. Flights arrive
and then depart. People are 75 to us, and taken away.
61．A．admired B．left C．defended D．honored
62．A．ate B．drank C．chewed D．swallowed
63．A．considered B．pounded C．expected D．imagined
64．A．pick up B．see off C．turn to D．hand over
65．A．apology B．gratitude C．sympathy D．regret
66．A．boring B．available C．blank D．pleasant
67．A．despair B．disappointment C．embarrassment D．hope
68．A．destination B．purpose C．principle D．spot
69．A．anger B．confusion C．fear D．sorrow
70．A．goal B．coincidence C．reality D．brand
71．A．departed B．disappeared C．continued D．transported
72．A．limitless B．priceless C．useless D．valueless
73．A．relied B．spent C．journeyed D．turned74．A．flights B．postcards C．airports D．letterboxes
75．A．showed B．pushed C．offered D．brought
【答案】
61．B 62．D 63．A 64．C 65．B 66．A 67．D 68．A 69．D 70．C
71．A 72．B 73．C 74．B 75．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的奶奶身患癌症，很遗憾自己不能周游世界。作者借助网上陌
生人的帮助，从世界各地寄来明信片，帮助作者的奶奶实现了坐在扶手椅上周游世界的梦想，没有遗憾地
离开。
61．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她在电视上看《逍遥游》时，她对我说她从未离开过澳大利亚，以后也
不会离开。A. admired赞赏；B. left离开；C. defended辩护；D. honored尊敬。根据下文“My nanny was ill
and she will never see the world. Please send her postcards so she can see the world from her armchair.( 我的奶奶
病了，她再也见不到世界了。请给她寄明信片，让她坐在扶手椅上看世界。)”可推理出此处说的是她从来
没有离开过澳大利亚，故选B项。
62．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我咽下了悲伤，眼泪顺着我的脸流了下来。A. ate吃；B. drank喝；C.
chewed咀嚼；D. swallowed咽。根据下文“tears streaming down my face(眼泪顺着我的脸流了下来)”可知作
者因为悲伤而流泪，可推理出作者咽下了悲伤，故选D项。
63．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我悲痛欲绝，思考着脸书的力量和人类同理心的集体力量。A. considered
考虑；B. pounded用力击打；C. expected期待；D. imagined想象。根据下文“the power of Facebook and the
collective strength of human empathy(脸书的力量和人类同理心的集体力量)”可知这是作者考虑的对象，故选
A项。
64．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我从工作中抽出时间，快速地在互联网上求助于陌生人。A. pick up捡起
来；B. see off送行；C. turn to向……求助；D. hand over交出。根据下文“My nanny was ill and she will
never see the world. Please send her postcards so she can see the world from her armchair.( 我的奶奶病了，她再
也见不到世界了。请给她寄明信片，让她坐在扶手椅上看世界。)”可知作者在向陌生人求助，故选C项。
65．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只能表示感谢。A. apology道歉；B. gratitude感谢；C. sympathy同情；
D. regret遗憾。根据上文“My nanny was ill and she will never see the world. Please send her postcards so she
can see the world from her armchair.( 我的奶奶病了，她再也见不到世界了。请给她寄明信片，让她坐在扶
手椅上看世界。)”可知作者在网上向陌生人求助，可推理出作者向陌生人表示感谢，故选B项。
66．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，那张简单的明信片是孤独而无趣的人生阶段中的灯塔。A.
boring无趣的；B. available可用的；C. blank空白的；D. pleasant令人愉快的。根据上文“lonely(孤独的)”
以及并列连词可知A项“boring无趣的”符合语境，故选A项。
67．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把它拿在手里，一遍又一遍地读着单词，感受到了一种很久没有的感觉
⸺希望。A. despair绝望；B. disappointment失望；C. embarrassment尴尬；D. hope希望。根据上文
“That simple postcard was to me a beacon of light in a lonely and boring chapter(那张简单的明信片是孤独而无
趣的人生阶段中的灯塔)”可推理出，作者从明信片中看到了希望，故选D项。
68．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那天起，我们的信箱就成了世界各地明信片的目的地。A. destination目
的地；B. purpose目的；C. principle原则；D. spot地点。根据下文“postcards from all over the world.(来自世界各地的明信片)”可知，作者收到了来自世界各地的明信片，他们的信箱成为了这些明信片的目的地，故
选A项。
69．考查名词词义辨析。句意：喜忧参半的泪水落在那些明信片上。A. anger生气；B. confusion混乱；C.
fear害怕；D. sorrow悲痛。根据上文“My beloved nanny, a stand-in parent in the absence of my father, had
cancer.(我心爱的奶奶得了癌症，她在我父亲不在的情况下做了我的替代父母)。”可知此时奶奶得了癌
症，作者感到悲伤，故选D项。
70．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的坐在扶手椅上旅行的梦想变成了现实。A. goal目标；B. coincidence巧
合；C. reality现实；D. brand品牌。根据下文“We travelled the world together(我们一起环游世界)”可知，作
者设想的坐在扶手椅上旅行的梦想变成了现实，故选C项。
71．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的床变成了机场休息室，我们的航班每天都起飞。A. departed出发；B.
disappeared消失；C. continued继续；D. transported运送。根据上文“We travelled the world together(我们一
起环游世界)”以及下文“daily(每天)”可推理出此处上下文说的是航班每天都出发，故选A项。
72．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她分享的一切都变得很珍贵。A. limitless无限制的；B. priceless珍贵
的；C. useless无用的；D. valueless不值钱的。根据下文“worried she would never see the world, but did it
without regret(她担心自己永远看不到世界，但是没有遗憾地做到了)”可知作者让奶奶实现了在临终前坐在
扶手椅上看世界的愿望，使奶奶没有留下遗憾，所以作者认为奶奶在“周游世界”的过程中分享的一切都
是很珍贵的，故选B项。
73．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我最亲爱的旅伴在另一个时间和地点继续旅行。A. relied依靠；B. spent度
过；C. journeyed旅行；D. turned翻转。根据上文“Our very last flight departed on a warm morning in early
August in 2018.(我们的最后一班航班是在2018年8月初一个温暖的早晨起飞的。)”可推理出作者的奶奶已
经去世，再根据下文“on in another time and place(在另一个时间和地点继续)”可推理出此处说的是奶奶在
另一个世界的某个时间和地点继续旅行，故选C项。
74．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在寂静的记忆中，100多张明信片踏上了与奶奶告别的最后一程。A.
flights航班；B. postcards明信片；C. airports机场；D. letterboxes信箱。根据下文“My nanny, a woman who
worried she would never see the world, but did it without regret.( 我的奶奶，一个担心自己永远看不到世界的
女人，但是没有遗憾地做到了)”可知，奶奶坐在扶手椅上周游世界是借助了网上陌生人寄来的明信片而实
现的，故选B项。
75．考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们被带到我们身边，然后被带走。A. showed展示；B. pushed推；C.
offered提供；D. brought带来。根据上文“Flights arrive and then depart(航班来去)”以及下文“and taken
away(带走)”可知作者在此处比喻人生，用航班离去比喻人们被带走，可推理出作者使用航班到来比喻人们
被带到我们身边，故选D项。
6.（2024届·江西景德镇一模）
The days that make us happy make us wise.
--- John Masefield
When I first read this line by England's Poet Laureate, it 76 me. What did Masefield mean?
Without thinking about it much, I had always assumed that the 77 was true. But his serious assurance was78 . I was deeply attracted by it.
Slowly, I seemed to 79 his meaning and realized the wisdom that happiness makes possible lies in
clear perception(洞察力), not 80 by anxiety nor dimmed by despair and boredom, and without the blind
81 caused by fear.
Active happiness---not mere satisfaction or 82 ---often comes suddenly, like an April shower or the
unfolding of a bud. Then you discover what kind of wisdom has 83 it. Amazingly, in your eyes, the
grass is greener; bird songs are sweeter; the 84 of your friends are more understandable, and more
forgivable. Happiness is like a pair of eyeglasses correcting your 85 vision.
Nor are the 86 of happiness limited to what is near around you. Unhappy, with your thoughts
focused on your emotional woes (痛苦) , your vision is cut short as though blocked by a wall. Happy, the wall
87 .
Consequently, the long vision is there for the seeing. The ground at your feet, the world about you---people,
thoughts, emotions, pressures---are now 88 a larger scene. Everything covers a fairer 89 .
Everything around you, whether it is encouraging or frustrating, no longer seems such a big deal. And here is the
beginning of 90 .
76．A．terrified B．satisfied C．surprised D．upset
77．A．other B．opposite C．view D．contrast
78．A．arresting B．amazing C．interesting D．disturbing
79．A．handle B．observe C．appreciate D．seize
80．A．iced B．clouded C．rained D．snowed
81．A．roads B．paths C．spots D．places
82．A．fulfillment B．sorrow C．disappointment D．entertainment
83．A．embraced B．interrupted C．responded D．accompanied
84．A．brightness B．stupidity C．shortcomings D．memories
85．A．physical B．sharp C．spiritual D．solid
86．A．insights B．impressions C．attentions D．expectations
87．A．extended B．collapsed C．witnessed D．withdrew
88．A．got out B．stayed on C．kept off D．fitted into
89．A．proportion B．position C．explanations D．duty
90．A．happiness B．wisdom C．ability D．life
【答案】
76．C 77．B 78．A 79．D 80．B 81．C 82．A 83．D 84．C 85．C
86．A 87．B 88．D 89．A 90．B
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要论述了作者对“使我们快乐的日子使我们聪明”这句话的深刻认
识。
76．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我第一次读到英国桂冠诗人的这句话时，我很惊讶。A. terrified使害
怕；B. satisfied使满意；C. surprised使惊讶；D. upset使心烦意乱。根据“Without thinking about it much, Ihad always assumed that the 2 was true.(没有仔细考虑，我一直认为事实正好相反。)”可知，因为
和作者一直认为的事实正好相反，所以作者感到惊讶。故选C。
77．考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有仔细考虑，我一直认为事实正好相反。A. other两者中的另一个（代
词）；B. opposite相反的人或物、对立面；C. view观点，看法；D. contrast差异，对比。根据上文“When
I first read this line by England's Poet Laureate, it 1 me. (我第一次读到英国桂冠诗人的这句话
时，我很惊讶。)”可知，作者惊讶的原因是，这句话和作者认为的事实正好相反。故选B。
78．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但他那严肃的保证却引人注目。A. arresting醒目的；引人注意的；B.
amazing惊人的，了不起的；C. interesting有趣的；D. disturbing令人不安的。根据“I was deeply attracted
by it.(我被它深深吸引了)”可知，他那严肃的保证引人注目，是作者被深深吸引。故选A。
79．考查动词词义辨析。句意：慢慢地，我似乎领会了他的意思，意识到幸福所带来的智慧在于清晰的洞
察力，不为焦虑所笼罩，不为绝望和厌倦所蒙蔽，也没有因恐惧而产生的盲点。A. handle处理，应付；B.
observe观察；C. appreciate感激；D. seize领悟，理解。根据“and realized the wisdom that happiness makes
possible lies in clear perception(洞察力)(意识到幸福所带来的智慧在于清晰的洞察力)”可知，作者慢慢领悟到
幸福所带来的智慧在于清晰的洞察力。故选D。
80．考查动词词义辨析。句意：慢慢地，我似乎领会了他的意思，意识到幸福所带来的智慧在于清晰的洞
察力，不为焦虑所笼罩，不为绝望和厌倦所蒙蔽，也没有因恐惧而产生的盲点。A. iced杀死；结冰；B.
clouded破坏，给……蒙上阴影；C. rained下雨；D. snowed下雪。根据“and realized the wisdom that
happiness makes possible lies in clear perception(洞察力)(意识到幸福所带来的智慧在于清晰的洞察力)”可知，
幸福所带来的智慧在于清晰的洞察力，不为焦虑所笼罩。故选B。
81．考查名词词义辨析。句意：慢慢地，我似乎领会了他的意思，意识到幸福所带来的智慧在于清晰的洞
察力，不为焦虑所笼罩，不为绝望和厌倦所蒙蔽，也没有因恐惧而产生的盲点。A. roads道路；B. paths通
道；C. spots点；斑点；D. places地方。根据“caused by fear(因恐惧而产生)”可知，幸福所带来的智慧在于
清晰的洞察力，没有因恐惧而产生的盲点。故选C。
82．考查名词词义辨析。句意：积极的快乐——不仅仅是满足或实现，往往来得突然，就像四月的阵雨或
花蕾的绽放。A. fulfillment实现；满足（感）；B. sorrow悲哀；C. disappointment失望；D. entertainment娱
乐，娱乐表演。根据“Active happiness---not mere satisfaction(积极的快乐——不仅仅是满足)”可知，积极的
快乐不仅仅是满足或实现。故选A。
83．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后你会发现伴随它而来的是什么样的智慧。A. embraced拥抱；B.
interrupted打断；中断；C. responded回答，回报；D. accompanied伴随。此处it指代上句的“Active
happiness(积极的快乐)”以及根据“Amazingly, in your eyes, the grass is greener; bird songs are sweeter; the
9 of your friends are more understandable, and more forgivable. (令人惊奇的是，在你的眼里，草更绿
了；鸟儿的歌声更甜美;朋友的缺点更容易理解，也更容易原谅。)”可知，你会发现伴随积极的快乐而来的
智慧是在你的眼里，草更绿了；鸟儿的歌声更甜美；朋友的缺点更容易理解，也更容易原谅。故选D。
84．考查名词词义辨析。句意：令人惊奇的是，在你的眼里，草更绿了；鸟儿的歌声更甜美；朋友的缺点
更容易理解，也更容易原谅。A. brightness聪明，活泼；B. stupidity愚蠢，糊涂；C. shortcomings缺点；D.
memories记忆。根据“your friends are more understandable(更容易理解)”可知，朋友的缺点更容易理解。故
选C。85．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：快乐就像一副眼镜，可以矫正你的精神视力。A. physical身体的，肉体
的；B. sharp锋利的；C. spiritual精神的，心灵的；D. solid坚硬的；固体的。根据“Amazingly, in your
eyes, the grass is greener; bird songs are sweeter; the 9 of your friends are more understandable, and
more forgivable. (令人惊奇的是，在你的眼里，草更绿了；鸟儿的歌声更甜美；朋友的缺点更容易理解，也
更容易原谅。)”可知，快乐让自己的精神更加的富足。故选C。
86．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对快乐的洞察并不局限于你周围的事物。A. insights洞察力；B.
impressions印象；C. attentions 注意；D. expectations期待。根据“of happiness(对于幸福)”可知，是对快乐
的洞察力并不局限于周围的事物。故选A。
87．考查动词词义辨析。句意：高兴的时候，墙倒了。A. extended扩大，延长；B. collapsed倒塌；崩溃；
C. witnessed目击，亲眼看到；D. withdrew收回。根据“Unhappy, with your thoughts focused on your
emotional woes (痛苦) , your vision is cut short as though blocked by a wall.(当你不快乐时，你的思想集中在你
的情感悲伤上，你的视野就像被一堵墙挡住了一样)”可知，你不快乐时，你的思想集中在你的情感悲伤
上，视野就像被一堵墙挡住，当高兴的时候，墙倒了。故选B。
88．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：你脚下的土地，你周围的世界——人、思想、情感、压力——现在都
融入了一个更大的场景。A. got out离开，逃脱；B. stayed on继续从事某项工作；C. kept off远离，不接
触；D. fitted into适应，融入。根据“Everything around you, whether it is encouraging or frustrating, no longer
seems such a big deal.(你周围的一切，无论是令人鼓舞的还是令人沮丧的，都不再显得那么重要。)”可知，
当周围的一切，都融入了一个更大的场景的时候，都不再显得那么重要。故选D。
89．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每件事都有一个公平的比例。 A. proportion部分，份额；B. position位
置；C. explanations解释；D. duty职责。根据“Everything around you, whether it is encouraging or frustrating,
no longer seems such a big deal.(你周围的一切，无论是令人鼓舞的还是令人沮丧的，都不再显得那么重
要。)”可知，你周围的一切，都不再显得那么重要，因为每件事都有一个公平的比例。故选A。
90．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是智慧的开端。A. happiness快乐；B. wisdom智慧；C. ability能力；
D. life生活。根据“Everything around you, whether it is encouraging or frustrating, no longer seems such a big
deal.(你周围的一切，无论是令人鼓舞的还是令人沮丧的，都不再显得那么重要。)”可知，你周围的一切，
都不再显得那么重要，因为每件事都有一个公平的比例。这就是智慧的开始。故选B。
7.（2024届·吉林一模）
My wife and I usually don’t keep houseplants. Anything in pots gets either overwatered or underwatered. But
after my diagnosis with a brain cancer, I loved the idea of having something green and 91 around us.
Last year, my friend Mitch gave me a lucky bamboo plant. 92 the plant gave me a sense of
achievement at a time when I sometimes felt 93 because my ability to move was limited. As a physician,
I was used to being the one who 94 care. Watering the plant 95 me to a core part of my old
identity and 96 me that I could still be a caregiver.
However, after several weeks growing in perfect condition, the plant 97 began to show signs of
stress. No matter what I did, the leaves kept 98 and dropping to the floor.
“I can’t even care for a simple plant!” I yelled. “If my lucky bamboo dies, I might die too!”Identifying with the green and growing plant had offered me 99 . But when the tree was struggling, I
felt increasingly uneasy and 100 .
It was several months later when I recovered from surgery that I realized I had 101 linked my
careful nurturing of the plant — something over which I had at least some control — with my own 102
— something over which I had no control.
As my 103 lessened, I began to study online tutorials to figure out how to care for the tree. I
104 it to a larger pot, and when it was back in the sunny window, we both began to thrive (旺盛) again.
Now whenever I look at the tree in its new pot, I make a point to relax and think of the things I can 105
.
91．A．alive B．primitive C．delicate D．mature
92．A．Picking up B．Relating to C．Tending to D．Figuring out
93．A．imperfect B．impatient C．careless D．useless
94．A．valued B．needed C．provided D．lacked
95．A．added B．connected C．adapted D．compared
96．A．inquired B．warned C．reminded D．recommended
97．A．casually B．interestingly C．genuinely D．mysteriously
98．A．spreading B．browning C．waving D．dancing
99．A．comfort B．pride C．confidence D．courage
100．A．fearful B．innocent C．faithful D．dishonest
101．A．clumsily B．wrongly C．hardly D．precisely
102．A．dream B．success C．capability D．survival
103．A．discontent B．anxiety C．doubt D．sympathy
104．A．transplanted B．returned C．expanded D．spread
105．A．give B．share C．control D．predict
【答案】
91．A 92．C 93．D 94．C 95．B 96．C 97．D 98．B 99．A 100．A
101．B 102．D 103．B 104．A 105．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者得了脑癌之后开始养绿植，照顾植物给了他一种成就感，
但是不管他怎么做，树叶还是不断地变黄，掉落在地板上，这让他倍感焦虑。后来，他意识到他错误地把
对植物的精心培育这样至少个人能控制的事情和自己的生存这样个人无法控制的事情联系在一起。随着焦
虑减轻，他开始学习在线教程，弄清楚如何照顾植物，植物又恢复了生机。现在，每当他看着新花盆里的
树，就会放松下来，想想自己能控制的事情。
91．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是在我被诊断出患有脑癌之后，我喜欢我们周围有绿色和有生命的东
西的想法。A. alive有生命的；B. primitive原始的；C. delicate柔和的；D. mature成熟的。根据上文“I
loved the idea of having something green and”可知，此处指绿色有生命的东西。故选A。
92．考查动词短语辨析。句意：照顾这棵植物给了我一种成就感，因为我有时会因为行动能力有限而感到
无用。A. Picking up捡起；B. Relating to关于；C. Tending to照顾；D. Figuring out弄清楚。根据下文“Watering the plant ____5____ me to a core part of my old identity and ____6____ me that I could still be a
caregiver.”可知，此处指照顾这棵植物。故选C。
93．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：照顾这棵植物给了我一种成就感，因为我有时会因为行动能力有限而感
到无用。A. imperfect不完美的；B. impatient不耐烦的；C. careless粗心大意的；D. useless无用的。根据下
文“because my ability to move was limited”及常识可知，此处指作者有时会因为行动能力有限而感到无用。
故选D。
94．考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一名医生，我已经习惯了提供护理。A. valued重视；B. needed需要；
C. provided提供；D. lacked缺少。根据上文“As a physician, I was used to being the one”及常识可知，医生
给病人提供护理。故选C。
95．考查动词词义辨析。句意：给植物浇水让我想起了我过去身份的一个核心部分，并提醒我，我仍然可
以成为一名照顾者。A. added增加；B. connected联系；C. adapted改编；D. compared比较。根据下文“me
to a core part of my old identity and ____6____ me that I could still be a caregiver”可知，给植物浇水让作者想
起了过去身份的核心部分，connect sb. to sth.表示“将某人与某物联系”。故选B。
96．考查动词词义辨析。句意：给植物浇水让我想起了我过去身份的一个核心部分，并提醒我，我仍然可
以成为一名照顾者。A. inquired要求；B. warned警告；C. reminded提醒；D. recommended推荐。根据上文
“Watering the plant ____5____ me to a core part of my old identity”可知，给植物浇水让作者想起了他过去身
份的一个核心部分——自己曾经是名医生，这提醒他仍然可以成为一名照顾者。故选C。
97．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在完美的条件下生长了几个星期后，这棵植物难以理解地开始显示
出压力的迹象。A. casually随意地；B. interestingly有趣地；C. genuinely真诚地；D. mysteriously难以理解
地，神秘地。根据下文“No matter what I did, the leaves kept ____8____ and dropping to the floor.”可知，无论
作者怎么尝试，问题都没有解决，因此这棵植物是难以理解地开始显示出压力的迹象。故选D。
98．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不管我怎么做，树叶还是不断地变黄，掉落在地板上。A. spreading传播；
B. browning褐变；C. waving挥舞；D. dancing舞蹈。根据下文“and dropping to the floor”可知，此处指叶
子变黄掉到地板上。故选B。
99．考查名词词义辨析。句意：与绿色和生长的植物的认同给了我安慰。A. comfort安慰；B. pride自豪；
C. confidence自信；D. courage勇气。根据上文“____2____ the plant gave me a sense of achievement at a time
when I sometimes felt ____3____ because my ability to move was limited.”可知，与绿色和生长的植物的认同给
了作者安慰。故选A。
100．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当树挣扎时，我感到越来越不安和恐惧。A. fearful害怕的；B.
innocent无辜的；C. faithful忠实的；D. dishonest不诚实的。根据上文““I can’t even care for a simple
plant!” I yelled. “If my lucky bamboo dies, I might die too!””及“I felt increasingly uneasy and”可知，植物的状
态让作者感到不安和害怕。故选A。
101．考查副词词义辨析。句意：几个月后，当我从手术中恢复过来时，我意识到我错误地把我对植物的
精心培育——我至少还能控制的事情——和我自己的生存——我无法控制的事情联系在一起。A. clumsily
笨拙地；B. wrongly错误地；C. hardly几乎不；D. precisely精确地。根据下文“linked my careful nurturing
of the plant — something over which I had at least some control — with my own ____12____ — something over
which I had no control.”可知，此处指作者错误地把他对植物的精心培育和自己的生存联系在一起。故选B。
102．考查名词词义辨析。句意：几个月后，当我从手术中恢复过来时，我意识到我错误地把我对植物的
精心培育——我至少还能控制的事情——和我自己的生存——我无法控制的事情联系在一起。A. dream梦
想；B. success成功；C. capability能力；D. survival幸存。根据上文“But after my diagnosis with a brain
cancer, I loved the idea of having something green and ____1____ around us.”可知，作者得了癌症，所以是生
存这样无法控制的事情。故选D。
103．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着我的焦虑减轻，我开始学习在线教程，弄清楚如何照顾这棵树。A.
discontent不满足；B. anxiety焦虑；C. doubt怀疑；D. sympathy同情。根据上文“It was several months later
when I recovered from surgery that I realized I had ____11____ linked my careful nurturing of the plant —
something over which I had at least some control — with my own ____12____ — something over which I had no
control.”可知，作者明白了其中的道理，焦虑也减轻了。故选B。
104．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把它移植到一个更大的花盆里，当它回到阳光明媚的窗前时，我们俩
又开始茁壮成长了。A. transplanted移植；B. returned返回；C. expanded膨胀；D. spread扩散。根据下文
“it to a larger pot”可知，作者把它移植到一个更大的花盆里。故选A。
105．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，每当我看着新花盆里的树，我就会放松下来，想想我能控制的事
情。A. give给予；B. share分享；C. control控制；D. predict预测。根据上文“something over which I had at
least some control”可知，此处指作者开始思考自己能够控制的事情。故选C。
8.（2024届·吉林长春一模）
I’m a 47-year-old teacher. I am so blessed to work in the greatest 106 for 20 years. Despite the
107 schedule and hard work, I finish each day feeling I have made a 108 . This is the drive that
keeps me 109 and passionate. As Christa ‘ McAuliffe said, “I touch the future, I teach.”
When I was named Maryland Teacher of the Year, I received a congratulatory e-mail from a former student
who is now 110 Georgetown University and is a leader in the student-run Women in Politics group.
Recently, I watched a college basketball game to find another former student 111 up and down the court
for Georgetown. Walking through a supermarket yesterday, I 112 encountered a former student, who
handed me a business card for the company he started, at age twenty-two. Another student said he is in the 113
of applying for law school at Howard University. Believe it or not, I 114 former students with similar
success stories nearly every week.
Seeing their success and knowing that I was able to make a small 115 to their success is the greatest
116 . Those glorious moments 117 me to continue hoping to play a role in the life of every child.
Sometimes, while I am watching my 118 students working in class, I try to 119 what they will
be doing ten years from now. I would not 120 my career for any other. I literally touch the future every
day.
106．A．business B．company C．profession D．project
107．A．light B．tight C．flexible D．casual
108．A．difference B．fortune C．name D．promise109．A．generous B．independent C．curious D．inspired
110．A．leaving B．joining C．attending D．visiting
111．A．cheering B．pacing C．judging D．running
112．A．unavoidably B．unexpectedly C．unconditionally D．unquestioningly
113．A．habit B．form C．hope D．process
114．A．came across B．picked up C．calmed down D．turned to
115．A．change B．contribution C．proposal D．chance
116．A．help B．praise C．reward D．response
117．A．pressure B．block C．fuel D．corner
118．A．current B．regular C．top D．average
119．A．realize B．picture C．confirm D．doubt
120．A．charge B．prepare C．provide D．trade
【答案】
106．C 107．B 108．A 109．D 110．C 111．D 112．B 113．D 114．A
115．B 116．C 117．C 118．A 119．B 120．D
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者讲述了自己的教书事业并为之感到自豪。
106．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很幸运能在最伟大的职业中工作20年。A. business商业；B. company
公司；C. profession职业；D. project项目。根据“I’m a 47-year-old teacher.(我是一名47岁的教师。)”可
知，作者做教师工作有20年了。故选C。
107．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管日程安排很紧，工作也很辛苦，但每天结束时我都觉得自己有所
作为。A. light亮的；B. tight紧身的，紧贴的；C. flexible灵活的；D. casual随意的。根据“hard work(工作
也很辛苦)”可知，作者的日程安排很紧。故选B。
108．考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. difference不同；B. fortune幸运；C. name名字；D. promise
承诺。根据“As Christa ‘ McAuliffe said, “I touch the future, I teach.”(正如Christa ' McAuliffe所说，“我触及
未来，我教书。”)”可知，作者认为自己的教书工作，触及未来，所以教书每天结束时。都觉得自己有所
作为。make a difference有意义，有所作为。故选A。
109．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他是激励我的动力，让我充满激情。A. generous慷慨的；B.
independent独立的；C. curious好奇的；D. inspired激励人的。根据“As Christa ‘ McAuliffe said, “I touch the
future, I teach.”(正如Christa ' McAuliffe所说，“我触及未来，我教书。”)”以及“passionate(热情的)”可
知，作者认为自己的教书工作，触及未来，作者充满激情，备受激励。故选D。
110．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我被评为马里兰州年度最佳教师时，我收到了一封来自一位学生的祝
贺邮件，她现在就读于乔治城大学，是学生组织的“女性参政”小组的负责人。A. leaving离开；B. joining
连接，接合；C. attending参加，上；D. visiting拜访。根据“Georgetown University(乔治城大学)”可知，作
者的学生现在就读于乔治城大学。故选C。
111．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近，我看了一场大学篮球赛，发现另一位乔治城大学的以前自己的学生
在球场上跑来跑去。A. cheering喝彩；B. pacing踱步；C. judging判断；D. running跑步。根据“I watched
a college basketball game(我看了一场大学篮球赛)”可知，作者看了一场大学篮球赛，发现自己的学生在球场上跑来跑去。故选D。
112．考查副词词义辨析。句意：昨天在逛超市的时候，我意外地遇到了一个以前的学生，他递给我一张
他22岁时创办的公司的名片。A. unavoidably不可避免地；B. unexpectedly出乎意料地，意外地；C.
unconditionally无条件地；D. unquestioningly 不犹豫地， 绝对地。根据“Walking through a supermarket
yesterday(昨天在逛超市的时候)”可知，作者在逛超市的时候，意外地遇到了一个以前的学生。故选B。
113．考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一名学生说他正在申请霍华德大学的法学院。A. habit习惯；B. form形
成；C. hope希望；D. process过程。根据“applying for law school at Howard University (申请霍华德大学的
法学院)”可知，另一名学生说他正在申请霍华德大学的法学院。故选D。
114．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：信不信由你，我几乎每周都能遇到有类似成功故事的以前的学生。A.
came across碰见；B. picked up捡起；C. calmed down平静；D. turned to转向。根据“Walking through a
supermarket yesterday, I 7 encountered a former student, who handed me a business card for the
company he started, at age twenty-two. (昨天在逛超市的时候，我意外地遇到了一个以前的学生，他递给我一
张他22岁时创办的公司的名片)”可知，作者在讲述自己碰到学生的经历。故选A。
115．考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到他们的成功，知道自己能为他们的成功做出一点小小的贡献，这是
最大的回报。A. change改变；B. contribution贡献；C. proposal提议，建议；D. chance机会。根据“to their
success(为他们的成功)”可知，作者教书，为他们的成功做出了一份贡献。故选B。
116．考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. help帮助；B. praise赞扬；C. reward报酬；D. response回
应。根据“Seeing their success and knowing that I was able to make a small 1 0 to their success(看到
他们的成功，知道自己能为他们的成功做出一点小小的贡献)”可知，作者为他们的成功做出一点小小的贡
献，看到他们的成功作者认为是最大的回报。故选C。
117．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那些光荣的时刻激励着我继续希望在每个孩子的生命中发挥作用。A.
pressure压力；B. block阻碍；C. fuel刺激，加剧；D. corner角落。根据“to continue hoping to play a role in
the life of every child(我继续希望在每个孩子的生命中发挥作用)”可知，光荣的时刻激励着作者继续在每个
孩子的生命中发挥作用。故选C。
118．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时，当我看着我现在的学生在课堂上学习时，我试着想象他们十年
后会做什么。A. current现行的，当前的；B. regular定期的；C. top顶端的，顶部的；D. average平均的。
根据“working in class(在课堂上学习)”可知，作者指的是现在的学生。故选A。
119．考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. realize意识到；B. picture想象；绘画，拍摄；C. confirm证
实；D. doubt怀疑。根据“what they will be doing ten years from now.(十年后他们会做什么)”可知，作者想象
学生十年后会做什么。故选B。
120．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不会拿我的事业去换别的。我每天都在触摸未来。A. charge充电；B.
prepare准备；C. provide提供；D. trade贸易，交换。根据“I literally touch the future every day(我每天都在
触摸未来)”可知，作者不会拿自己的事业去换别的。故选D。
9.（2024届·吉林·统考一模）
If the plant could thrive (茁壮成长), maybe I could too, even with cancer.
After my cancer diagnosis (诊断), my friend gifted me a lucky bamboo plant in a deep-green pottery bowl.Despite my physical limitations, 121 the green plant became an achievement during a time when I felt
122 .
As a family physician used to 123 care, now I was the one relying on others. The 124
change left me feeling unsettled. Watering the plant, as small an act as it was, 125 me to my old identity and
taught me I could still be a caregiver and be 126 .
Through surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy (化疗), I 127 looking after the plant, and it thrived, so
did my 128 .
But then, 129 , its leaves kept browning and dropping to the floor. The 130 of its struggles
made me frustrated and uneasy. I seemingly related its struggle to my own health, fearing it 131 the return
of my tumor (肿瘤).
As my anxiety eased, I 132 guidance online to figure out how to better take care of the poor little
thing. Following the 133 found, I transplanted it to a larger pot, allowing more room and nutrients it
required. When it returned to the sunny window, we both began to thrive again!
Now, the lucky bamboo was not just a 134 item in my home but a representation of life, and the ability
to find 135 even in challenging circumstances.
121．A．looking for B．picking up C．digging up D．caring for
122．A．useless B．painless C．selfless D．desireless
123．A．respecting B．persuading C．showing D．providing
124．A．gradual B．positive C．enormous D．complex
125．A．connected B．recommended C．added D．sent
126．A．focused on B．brought up C．picked up D．depended on
127．A．delayed B．continued C．avoided D．considered
128．A．optimism B．career C．opportunity D．lesson
129．A．originally B．possibly C．mysteriously D．approximately
130．A．attitudes B．signs C．meanings D．outcomes
131．A．affected B．mirrored C．tested D．prevented
132．A．exchanged B．shared C．appreciated D．sought
133．A．instructions B．commands C．schedules D．trends
134．A．flexible B．sustainable C．decorative D．sensitive
135．A．company B．hope C．aid D．creativity
【答案】
121．D 122．A 123．D 124．C 125．A 126．D 127．B 128．A 129．C
130．B 131．B 132．D 133．A 134．C 135．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在生病期间，精心照料竹子，与作者而言，竹子不仅是
家里的装饰品，而且是生活的象征，以及即使在充满挑战的环境中也能找到希望的能力。
121．考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管我身体有缺陷，但在我觉得自己一无是处的时候，照顾这棵绿色植
物成了一项成就。A. looking for寻找；B. picking up拾起；C. digging up挖掘；D. caring for照顾。根据后文“Through surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy (化疗), I 7 looking after the plant, and it thrived, so
did my 8 . (通过手术、放疗和化疗，我继续照顾这株植物，它茁壮成长，我的乐观情绪也随之增
长)”可知，作者在照顾这颗植物。故选D。
122．考查形容词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. useless无用的；B. painless无痛的；不痛的；C. selfless
无私的；D. desireless 丧失欲望的。根据后文“As a family physician used to 3 care, now I was the
one relying on others.(作为一名家庭医生，我过去常常提供医疗服务，现在我要依靠别人了)”可知，现在作
者要依靠别人了，作者认为自己很没有用。故选A。
123．考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一名家庭医生，我过去常常提供医疗服务，现在我要依靠别人了。
A. respecting尊重；B. persuading说服；C. showing展示；D. providing提供。根据“As a family physician(作
为一名家庭医生)”可知，作为一名家庭医生，作者过去常常提供医疗服务。故选D。
124．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：巨大的变化使我感到不安。A. gradual逐渐的；B. positive积极的；C.
enormous巨大的；D. complex复杂的。根据“As a family physician used to 3 care, now I was the
one relying on others.(作为一名家庭医生，我过去常常提供医疗服务，现在我要依靠别人了)”可知，这种变
化是巨大的。故选C。
125．考查动词词义辨析。句意：给植物浇水，虽然是一件小事，却把我和我原来的身份联系在一起，让
我知道我仍然可以成为一个照顾者，一个被依赖的人。A. connected连接；B. recommended推荐；C. added
添加；D. sent送，寄出。根据上文“As a family physician used to 3 care, now I was the one relying
on others.(作为一名家庭医生，我过去常常提供医疗服务，现在我要依靠别人了)”以及“to my old
identity(我原来的身份)”可知，给植物浇水，把作者和自己原来的给别人提供帮助的身份联系在一起。故选
A。
126．考查动词短语辨析。句意见上题解析。A. focused on专注于；B. brought up 抚养长大；C. picked up
拾起，捡起；D. depended on取决于。根据本句“I could still be a caregiver (我仍然可以做一名护理人员)”可
知，给植物浇水这一件小事，让作者知道自己仍然可以成为一个照顾者，一个被依赖的人。故选D。
127．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过手术、放疗和化疗，我继续照顾这株植物，它茁壮成长，我的乐观
情绪也随之增长。A. delayed耽误；B. continued继续；C. avoided避免；D. considered考虑。根据“and it
thrived(它茁壮成长)”可知，作者继续照顾这株植物。故选B。
128．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过手术、放疗和化疗，我继续照顾这株植物，它茁壮成长，我的乐观
情绪也随之增长。A. optimism乐观；B. career职业；C. opportunity机会；D. lesson经验。根据“and it
thrived(它茁壮成长)”可知，作者随着植物的茁壮成长，自己也变的乐观。故选A。
129．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是，不可思议的是，它的叶子一直变黄，掉到地板上。A. originally起
初；B. possibly可能；C. mysteriously不可思议地；D. approximately大约。根据“its leaves kept browning
and dropping to the floor(它的叶子一直变黄，掉到地板上)”可知，它的叶子一直变黄，掉到地板上是不可思
议的。故选C。
130．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它挣扎的迹象使我沮丧和不安。A. attitudes态度；B. signs迹象；C.
meanings含义；D. outcomes结局。根据“of its struggles(它挣扎)”可知，它挣扎的迹象使作者沮丧和不安。
故选B。
131．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我似乎把它的挣扎与我自己的健康联系起来，担心它反映了我的肿瘤的复发。A. affected影响；B. mirrored反映；C. tested考验；D. prevented阻止。根据“I seemingly related its
struggle to my own health(我似乎把它的挣扎与我自己的健康联系起来)”可知，作者把植物的挣扎与自己的
健康联系起来，担心它反映了作者的肿瘤的复发。故选B。
132．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着焦虑的缓解，我开始在网上寻求指导，想知道如何更好地照顾这个
可怜的小东西。A. exchanged交换；B. shared分享；C. appreciated感激；D. sought寻找。根据“guidance
online(网上寻求指导)”可知，作者在网上寻求指导。故选D。
133．考查名词词义辨析。句意：按照我找到的说明，我把它移植到一个更大的花盆里，给它更多的空间
和所需的营养。A. instructions说明；B. commands命令；C. schedules时间表；D. trends趋势。根据“As
my anxiety eased, I 1 2 guidance online to figure out how to better take care of the poor little thing.(随着
焦虑的缓解，我开始在网上寻求指导，想知道如何更好地照顾这个可怜的小东西)”可知，作者按照找到的
说明，把它移植到一个更大的花盆里，给它更多的空间和所需的营养。故选A。
134．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，幸运的竹子不仅是我家里的装饰品，而且是生活的象征，以及
即使在充满挑战的环境中也能找到希望的能力。A. flexible灵活的；B. sustainable可持续的；C. decorative
装饰性的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据“but a representation of life(且是生活的象征)”可知，幸运的竹子不仅
是我家里的装饰品，而且是生活的象征。故选C。
135．考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. company陪伴；B. hope希望；C. aid帮助；D. creativity创
造力。根据“but a representation of life(是生活的象征)”以及“even in challenging circumstances(即使在充满
挑战的环境中)”可知，幸运的竹子不仅是我家里的装饰品，而且是生活的象征，以及即使在充满挑战的环
境中也能找到希望的能力。故选B。
