专题12 短文填空
考点分类
命题解读
创新考法 / 重点变化
语法填空（给词 /
盲填）
实词考时态、被动、非谓语、词性转换、名
词复数、比较最高级；盲填考冠词、介词、
连词；语篇含民族文化、江南饮食、AI 写
作热点
弱化机械语法背诵；本土文化、前
沿科技入题；无提示虚词占比提
升，需结合全文逻辑判断
首字母短文填空
综合词汇、固定搭配、词形变换；覆盖传统
文化、健康科普、生活美育，兼顾词义与语
法变形
一题多解开放作答；侧重篇章逻辑
推导；融合文化自信素材，不只考
单词拼写
整体命题变化：语法、词汇、语篇理解三维考查，摒弃孤立考点全语境化命题，减少套路化空；融合
传统文化与时代热点，强化综合语篇分析能力
语法填空
（2026·福建·中考真题）阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，
要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
China has 56 ethnic groups (民族), and 52 can be found in Yunnan. One place to experience some of their
culture is Lijiang. Lijiang 1 (begin) to make its mark during the Tang Dynasty, and is home to the Naxi and
Yi peoples.
Lijiang Old Town
The Yi people are the second most common ethnic group in Lijiang today. They are famous 2 the ten-
month calendar. In their calendar, every month has 36 days, and the year is 360 days long. 3 remaining five
or six days are used for a festival.
Besides, Lijiang has more than 20 other ethnic groups. Each has its own culture 4 language. While
many live in Lijiang Old Town, others live outside the city, in the villages or in mountainous areas. So you may have
to travel a long way to learn about their culture. 5 (lucky), many people from these ethnic groups are friendly.
They are happy to share their customs and foods with 6 (visitor).
The Torch Festival is very popular in Lijiang. Nearly everyone there 7 (celebrate) it every year. It can
go on for several days, usually in July, which is the 8 (busy) month of the year. During this festival, all the
streets are lit up with torches and fires. Many people like to wear traditional dress and they enjoy 9 (sing),
dancing and playing musical instruments around the fire. All of 10 (they) have a wonderful time. This is the
best time of the year to experience Lijiang’s traditional culture.
The Torch Festival (火把节)
（2026·江苏苏州·中考真题）请认真阅读下面短文，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入一个适当的单词或
括号内单词的正确形式。
Planning a Chinese menu is an art. There are no fixed rules. It is important 1 (create) a balance of
ingredients (材料) and cooking methods. This can make your guests feel happy and 2 (satisfy). Let’s take
Jiangnan meals as 3 example.
Jiangnan meals usually begin 4 cold dishes, such as smoked fish, saltwater duck, cucumber salad,
and so on. Most of them are prepared in advance (提前), 5 guests can start eating at any time. Hot dishes are
served as soon as they 6 (cook). The main dishes may include Dongpo pork, squirrel fish in sweet-and-sour
sauce (song shu gui yu) and fresh green 7 (vegetable). The number of hot dishes 8 (be) normally
the number of guests plus one. Soup and rice are offered at the end of the meal, followed by fruits. Fruits are always
cut and placed 9 (beautiful) on a serving plate.
It’s also worth 10 (keep) in mind that Jiangnan dishes can be put together on a menu with dishes from
other places. For example, a mixture of Jiangnan and Sichuan dishes is very popular in Suzhou, especially among
young people.
（2026·山东烟台·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
How are writers using AI tools to keep up with the fast publishing industry? What effect is this having 1
their writing process (过程)?
The fact is that most writers I know are using AI, whether on purpose or not. 2 (near) all tasks they
do need some form of AI, including a spelling checker. But we must not allow AI to weaken our imagination and
creativity. Our job as storytellers truly requires us 3 (be) as real and personal as possible.
Therefore, I’d rather see AI tools used to improve the quality of a work, rather than only to speed up production.
Fine art 4 (create) not in a day or a week — it usually needs a long period of time.
Yes, we can use 5 (amaze) AI tools to help reduce writing work and improve writing quality. At the
very least, AI can quickly point out grammar 6 (mistake) or perfect sentences. It can also find the weakness
rapidly in a story or point out the problems in characters. In marketing, AI can offer 7 effective method to
attract readers. These ways no doubt make it possible for the story to come out in a shorter time.
When 8 (make) use of AI, we must never allow it to replace our imagination or jump the necessary
step to think by 9 (us). We use AI to improve our writing, not replace our story creativity. When we are
ready with a quality story, be confident that it 10 (meet) a publisher’s need.
首字母填空
（2026·江苏扬州·中考真题）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在标
有题号的横线上，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
The Great Wall is one of the wonders of the world. No discussion about Chinese culture is complete without
m 1 of it. The wall was first built more than 2,000 years ago. It runs for over 6,000 kilometres from Jiayu
Pass in the western desert to Shanhai Pass on the e 2 seashore.
Why did the Chinese build the Great Wall? It was built with people’s strong wishes for p 3 . The Chinese
knew that piling up stones was b 4 than throwing them to hurt or kill. People would then rather take on the
challenge to build the Great Wall. Only a nation who loves peace and hates w 5 could have spent so much
manpower and materials on building the Great Wall.
There were no modern machines to carry building materials back then! The d 6 in building the Great
Wall goes beyond our imagination. Over the 2,000 years, more than 100 million people had to leave their homes to
build this wonder of the world, many even losing their lives. O 7 the centuries, the Great Wall has become a
symbol of unity and strength for the Chinese people. It reminds us what humans can a 8 through collective
effort, even under challenging conditions. Just as a Chinese saying goes, “Efforts joined by many can build the Great
Wall.”
Today, the Great Wall is v 9 by millions of tourists each year. People from around the world come to
witness its greatness and beauty. It’s more of a symbol of connection between China and the world, past and present.
No trip to China is c 10 without a visit to the Great Wall. If you ever get a chance, come and see it!
（2026·江苏连云港·中考真题）根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。
Dancing can be lots of fun, but did you know it’s also good for your health?
Research shows that attending a dance class can i 1 physical health, balance and flexibility (柔韧性).
Dancing is also great for your mind. Coming up with different ways to move your body encourages you to be
more c 2 . Taking part in dance classes can also help your b 3 work better at remembering things.
What’s more, dancing can help build your confidence and r 4 your stress as well.
Attending a dance class gives you a chance to meet other people who like the same things as you and to make
f 5 . It can also help you to build your s 6 skills. Dancing with friends together is also a great way to
learn how to work in a team.
One of the best things about dancing is that it’s for everyone, i 7 beginners and experienced movers.
You can all get the b 8 from giving it a go.
You can try making up dance movements to your f 9 songs at home or in your local park. It doesn’t
matter where you do it, as long as you’re dancing, moving and h 10 fun.
（2026·天津·中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，用所缺单词的正确形式填空，使短文意思完整。每
空限填一词。
Why Do Older People Get Shorter?
You’re now growing taller each year. But did you know most people start to get s 1 little by little after
30? When you are 80, you would be 5 ~ 6cm shorter.
Here comes an interesting question. W 2 gets shorter so much in your body? Go on reading and you
can f 3 out the fact. It is your back (脊柱) that keeps you upright (直立的). There are 33 little bones (骨头).
Between most of these bones are soft discs (椎间盘).
The middle of these soft discs is like jelly (果冻), and are mainly made of water. As you get older, these discs
lose water slowly. They b 4 a little thinner. There are usually 23 discs, and they are as high as 1/4 of your
back. As a result, when e 5 of them gets shorter a little bit, you get shorter.
Older people’s muscles (肌肉) a 6 get smaller and weaker, their bones get thinner and the spaces
between the bones get smaller. Together, this can change your h 7 .
There’s another f 8 that you may not realise. Even when you are y 9 , you get shorter over the
day. You are actually tallest when you w 10 up in the morning. You lose up to 2.5cm in less than 3 hours
after getting out of bed.
So, if you really want to be the tallest you can be, try to measure (测量) how tall you are just after you get out of
bed in the morning.
