2023 年全国乙卷完形填空（真题透析+变式训练）
第一部分 命题分析+秒选技能
第二部分 真题评析(真题呈现+全解全析+阅读高频词+长难句回顾)
第三部分 真题变式练
命题分析
完形填空选材特点：完形填空的体裁主要以记叙文为主，主题语境包括人与自我、人与社会及人与自然，
选材都是积极向上、充满正能量的文章，在思想上和行动上树立了积极的榜样，并且注重五育并举，尤其
关注体育、美育和劳动教育
设题特点：完形填空设空考查点分为三个层次，即：
(1)句内层次题：空格的答案由空格所在句子决定
(2)句组层次题：空格的答案由与空格相距不远的一组句子决定
(3)语篇层次题：空格的答案由整篇文章的内涵决定
练好基本功：多读、多记，加大输入量，强化词汇和词块的积累，及其在有关主题的灵活运用。以语篇为
载体，形成语篇意识，从量变到质变
培养“两”感：多想、多悟，培养良好的词(块)感和语篇感
做题策略：读的时候头脑清醒，遇易则稳，遇难可绕，学会暂时放弃，眼光放远一点，便会有柳暗花明之
时，找到做题的线索
核心素养：结合三大主题语境，多阅读弘扬正能量的语篇，多积累有关英语国家的社会文化、风土人情、
人文史实等，来提高语篇梳理能力
秒选技能
1.背景常识
完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。考生在做题时，若能积
极地调动自己掌握的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是注意中西文化的差异，将会大大
简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，从而轻松地做出正确判断。
2. 词语复现（原词复现/同/近义词复现/同源词复现/上下义复现）
复现是一种语义衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等
重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起。因此，考生可根据文章的具体情况，
理解文章的结构和语境，利用文章中的复现现象来选择正确的答案。
3. 词语同现
同现原则即相关联信息在文章中的呼应。同现指意义上相互联系的单词同时或连续出现在同一语篇中。
名词同现：与一个话题或一个名词出现在同一个语境的另一个名词。如：school——primary school——
middle school——college——university；students——pupils——graduates——postgraduates。
动词同现：与一个话题或一个动词出现在同一个语境的另一个动词。如：school——teach——learn——
attend——find——drop out——graduate——be dismissed。
结构同现：结构同现指一些短语成对或依次出现在文章中。如：some…；others…；on the one hand…，on
the other hand…；former…；latter；so…that…；not only…but also…；hardly/scarcely…when…；nosooner…than…；be about to do/be doing/had done/be on the point of doing/be to do/be ready to do/be on the
way…when…等。
4逻辑关系（因果、转折、对比、递进、让步）
★解题方略
逻辑关系是指转折关系、让步关系、因果关系、递进关系、并列关系、总结关系等，与语法密切相关。
逻辑关系一般隐藏在句子中、句与句之间以及段落的衔接中。利用逻辑关系，我们可以通过确切、具体的
线索，把答案的逻辑意义推测出来，从而选出正确选项。
完形填空中的每一个空格并非孤立存在的，命题者必须通过上下文给出某种线索来保证空格所填答案的唯
一性，而这一线索就是上下文乃至全文的逻辑关系。这些逻辑关系主要有：并列与递进关系（and、
while、also、in addition、moreover、likewise、similarly、what’s more等）、转折关系（but、however、
whereas、nevertheless、on the contrary、instead of等）、顺序关系（before、after、then、finally等）、让步
关系（although/though、despite、even if/though等）、因果关系（so、thus、for、therefore、due to、as a
result等）、解释关系（i.e.、that is to day、in other words等）、条件关系（if、unless、provided that、in
case of等）、肯定与否定关系（certainly、never等）。这些逻辑关系往往隐藏在句子中、句与句之间以及
段落与段落的衔接中，并常常借助于连词、副词或介词短语等表达逻辑衔接手段的词来实现。因此，通过
分析完形填空短文中的逻辑关系，我们可以找出确切、具体的线索，把答案的逻辑意义推测初恋，从而在
选项中寻找表现了相同逻辑意义的答案。
5习惯搭配
固定搭配包括固定词组搭配和语法题两种， 随着“突出语篇”的命题原则， 这类题目越来越少。
真题呈现
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
（2023年全国乙卷）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around event, Gabby Douglas had to leave
everything she ____41____ best. She had to ___42___ her bedroom in Virginia. She had to say ____43____ to
her two dogs and to the beach, where she loved to ____44____ waves on her board. But it was ____45____ to
take the leap (飞跃), however ____46____ it would be. Even at 14, Douglas knew that. So she ___47____ about
1,200 miles away from home, to ____48____ with a coach from China. She lived with a family she had never
____49____ and everything was new to her.
As it turned out, Douglas did ____50____ what she needed to do to become Olympic champion when she
____51____two Russians. The Chinese coach ____52____ Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the
___53____, helping her skyrocket from an __54____ member of the national team to the top of the sport. By
___55____ the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so. She ___56____ the
competition from beginning to end. She said she had felt ____57____ all along that she would win.
Not so long ago, Martha Karoly the coordinator (联络人) of the women’s national team, did not think Douglas
had what it ___58____ to be an Olympian. As time went by, she thought ____59____ that she could make the
London Games-and win.“I’m going to inspire so many people,” she said. “I’m ready to ____60____.” And shine she did.
41. A. tried B. thought C. judged D. knew
42. A. take up B. pack up C. clean up D. do up
43. A. goodbye B. hello C. thanks D. no
44. A. cause B. observe C. ride D. strike
45. A. common B. time C. fun D. tough
46. A. breathtaking B. heartbreaking C. eye-catching D. head-spinning
47. A. dropped out B. moved on C. pulled over D. went off
48. A. reason B. talk C. compete D. train
49. A. met B. helped C. understood D. needed
50. A. approximately B. gradually C. exactly D. possibly
51. A. defeated B. pleased C. respected D. assisted
52. A. forced B. transformed C. persuaded D. put
53. A. world B. city C. team D. state
54. A. amateur B. elected C. average D. enthusiastic
55. A. clarifying B. defending C. winning D. demanding
56. A. followed B. organized C. watched D. led
57. A. confident B. nervous C. excited D. uneasy
58. A. viewed B. appeared C. mattered D. took
59. A. now and then B. more and more C. far and wide D. on and on
60. A. shine B. fly C. dance D. score
全解全析
【篇章解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国体操运动员Gabby Douglas为了成为个人全能项目的
奥运冠军，不得不远离家乡，去离家1200英里的地方，和一个来自中国的教练一起训练。最终在教练的训
练下，Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，赢得奥运会全能冠军，成为了第一个获此殊荣的黑人
女性。
41.【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意： 为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，Gabby Douglas不得不放弃她
最熟悉的一切。A. tried尝试；B. thought思考；C. judged判断；D. knew知道；熟悉，了解。由上文“To
become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all-around event, Gabby Douglas had to leave everything”
和下文“1,200 miles away from home”可知，为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，Gabby Douglas放弃她最
熟悉的一切，来到一个陌生的地方，故选D。
42. 【答案】B
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她不得不整理好她在弗吉尼亚的卧室。A. take up从事；B. pack
up整理；收拾行李；C. clean up清理；D. do up装修。由上文“Gabby Douglas had to leave everything”和下
文“her bedroom in Virginia”可知，整理好她的卧室，准备离开这里，故选B。
43. 【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她不得不和她的两只狗以及她喜欢在冲浪板上冲浪的海滩说再见。A.goodbye再见；B. hello你好；C. thanks感谢；D. no没有；否定的回答。由上“Gabby Douglas had to leave
everything”可知，Gabby Douglas要离开自己的家，所以与家里的狗说再见，故选A。
44. 【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不得不和她的两只狗以及她喜欢在冲浪板上冲浪的海滩说再见。A.
cause引起；B. observe观察；C. ride骑；漂浮；D. strike打击。由下文“waves on her board.”可知，此处表
示冲浪，ride the waves意为“冲浪”，故选C。
45. 【答案】B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，是时候迈出这一步了，无论这将是多么令人心碎。A. common
平民；普通；B. time时间；C. fun乐趣；D. tough暴徒。由下文“to take the leap (飞跃)”可知，虽然离开自
己所熟悉的一切很难，但是是时候该迈出这一步了，故选B。
46. 【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，是时候迈出这一步了，无论这将是多么令人伤心。A.
breathtaking激动人心的；B. heartbreaking令人心碎的；令人伤心的；C. eye-catching引人注目的；D. head-
spinning头晕的。上文提到的Gabby Douglas不得不放弃她最熟悉的一切可知，放弃自己所熟悉的一切是令
人伤心，故选B。
47. 【答案】D
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：所以她离家1200英里，和一个来自中国的教练一起训练。A.
dropped out退出；B. moved on继续。C. pulled over靠边停车；D. went off离开。由下文“about 1,200 miles
away from home,”可知，Gabby Douglas到了一个离家1200英里的地方，故选D。
48. 【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以她离家1200英里，和一位来自中国的教练一起训练。A. reason推
理；B. talk谈话；C. compete竞争；D. train培训。由上文“To become the Olympic champion in the
individual (个人) all-around event”和下文“with a coach from China”可知，为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠
军，Gabby Douglas离开家，由此可知，她来到这里是为了和一位来自中国的教练一起训练，故选D。
49. 【答案】A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她和一个素未谋面的家庭住在一起，一切对她来说都是全新的。A.
met遇到；见过；B. helped帮助；C. understood理解；D. needed需要。由下文“everything was new to her.”
可知，一切对她来说都是全新的，所以此处指她和一个素未谋面的家庭住在一起，故选A。
50. 【答案】C
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意： 事实证明，Douglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手，完全完成了她成为奥运
冠军所需要做的一切。A. approximately大约；B.gradually逐渐地；C. exactly准确地；完全；D. possibly可
能地。由下文“the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so”可知，Gabby Douglas
获得了奥运会全能冠军，由此可知，Gabby Douglas完全完成了她成为奥运冠军所需要做的一切，故选C。
51. 【答案】A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意： 事实证明，Douglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手，完全完成了她成为奥运
冠军所需要做的一切。A. defeated打败；B. pleased使高兴；C. respected尊敬；D. assisted帮助。由上文
“what she needed to do to become Olympic champion”和下文“the Olympic all-around title, she became the firstblack woman to do so”可知，Douglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手，成为了奥运冠军，故选A。
52. 【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位中国教练让Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她
从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。A. forced强迫；B. transformed转换；改造；彻底改变；
C. persuaded劝说；D. put放。由下文“Douglas into one of the best gymnasts”可知，这位中国教练让Douglas
变成世界上最好的体操运动员之一，transform...into固定搭配，意为“使……变成……”，故选B。
53. 【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位中国教练让Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她
从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。A. world世界；B. city城市；C. team团队；D. state国
家。由下文“the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so”可知，Douglas赢得奥运
会全能冠军，所以说她是世界最好的体操运动员之一，故选A。
54. 【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位中国教练让Douglas成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助
她从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。 A. amateury业余爱好的；B. elected当选的；C.
average平均的；普通的；D. enthusiastic热情的。由下文“member of the national team to the top of the sport”
可知，这位中国教练帮助Douglas从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。故选C。
55. 【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过赢得奥运会全能冠军，她成为了第一个获此殊荣的黑人女性。A.
clarifying阐明，澄清；B. defending打败；C. winning赢得；D. demanding要求。由下文“the Olympic all-
around title, she became the first black woman to do so.”可知，Douglas赢得奥运会全能冠军，故选C。
56. 【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她自始至终领先于竞争对手。A. followed跟随；B. organized组织；C.
watched观看；D. led带领；领先。由下文“the competition from beginning to end”可知，比赛过程中，
Douglas一直领先于竞争对手，故选D。
57. 【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说她一直坚信自己会赢。A. confident自信的；坚信的；B.
nervous紧张的；C. excited兴奋的；D. uneasy不安的。由下文“all along that she would win.”可知，Douglas
一直坚信自己会赢，故选A。
58. 【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在不久前，女子国家队联络人Martha Karoly还认为Douglas不具备
成为奥运选手所需要的条件。A. viewed看待；B. appeared出现；C. mattered重要；D. took需要。由下文
“to be an Olympian”可知，此处表示Martha Karoly还认为Douglas不具备成为奥运选手所需要的条件，空
处表示“需要”，故选D。
59. 【答案】B
【解析】考查短语词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，她越来越相信自己能够赢得伦敦奥运会。A. now
and then时不时地；B. more and more越来越多；C. far and wide广泛地；D. on and on不断地。由上文“As
time went by”和下文“that she could make the London Games-and win.”可知，随着时间的推移，Douglas越来越相信自己能够赢得伦敦奥运会。故选B。
60. 【答案】A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我准备好发光了”。A. shine照耀；发光；B. fly飞行；C. dance跳
舞；D. score得分。由上文“I’m going to inspire so many people”和“And shine she did.”可知，Douglas认为
自己将会激励很多人，即自己会发光，影响到很多人，故选A。
阅读高频词
1.individual adj. 只用于名词前]个人的;
2.event n. (体育运动的)比赛项目;
3.make v. 成功获得或达到(某一位置、速度等);
4.shine v. [熟词生义]出色，出类拔萃;
5.strike v. 撞击，打;
6.breathtaking adj. 激动人心的，惊人的;
7.approximately adv. 大概，大约;
8.defeat v. 击败，战胜;
9.assist v. 帮助，协助;
10.transform v. 使改观，彻底改变;
11.persuade v. 劝说，说服;
12.amateur adj. [常用于名词前]业余的;
13.elected adj. [分词形容词]当选的;
14.average adj. [只用午名词前]普通的，平常的，一般的;
15.enthusiastic adj. 热情的，满腔热忱的;
16.clarify v. 阐明，澄清;
17.defend v. 防御，保护，保卫;
18.demand v. 强烈要求;
19.uneasy adj. [派生词]担心的，忧虑的，不安的;
20.matter v. (不用于进行时)事关紧要，有重大影响；
21.score v. (在游戏或比赛中)得分
22.take up 进入,占据(空间);
23.pack up 打行李,收拾行装;
24.clean up 打扫(或清除)干净；
25.do up 包起来，整修(房屋);
26.drop out 退出，退学;
27.pull over 驶向路边;
28.go off 离开(尤指去做某事)
长难句回顾
1.As it turned out, Douglas did exactly what she needed to do to become Olympic champion when she defeated twoRussians.
【句意】后来，她击败了两名俄罗斯选手，这证明她之前所做的一切正是成为奥运冠军所要做的事。
【解析】what在主句谓语动词did后引导宾语从句; when引导时间状语从句。
2．Not so long ago, Martha Karolyi, the coordinator of the women’s national team, did not think Douglas had what
it took to be an Olympian.
【句意】不久前，女子国家队的协调员玛莎·卡洛伊还觉得道格拉斯不具备成为奥运选手的资质。
【解析】the coordinator of the women’s national team在句中作主语Martha Karolyi的同位语；think后接的是
省略了that的第一层宾语从句(作think的宾语); what引导第二层宾语从句(作had的宾语)。
真题变式练
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Passage 1
（2023·广西·统考二模）Seven years ago, I made a decision. I started a financial journey with my kids in the
1 of not only teaching them good financial habits, but also teaching them important lessons in life. I helped
each 2 a business so they could start earning income. They divided it into 4 important categories: giving,
investing, saving and spending.
Well, things started off beautifully. My kids were 3 to start earning money and spend it reasonably.
They 4 gave a part of their money to the church and various charities. And I helped my kids invest a part
of it into a Roth IRA(罗斯个人退休账户) to 5 their money from taxes as well as to start their retirement
plans--it’s 6 too early. We enjoyed 7 how much it could grow into based on the different
interest rates every day. My kids usually saved up for a concrete goal and tried hard to 8 it--my son for a
laptop computer and my daughter for an iPhone. My kids had fun 9 and making purchases with hard-
earned money.
Fast forward to today, my kids are 10 doing all of the same things I mentioned above. There
might be some 11 in your head--why I’m not satisfied. I just 12 more. I envisioned(希
望) my kids becoming 13 so that they could make as much money as possible. I envisioned them
really being 14 by a specific cause or charity that they really had 15 for. I envisioned
them accomplishing larger and larger goals in the future. I envisioned them becoming more 16 with
their spending instead of just pursuing material comforts.
17 , not everything goes exactly as I envisioned in my head. Much 18 will appear and
need to deal with. Anyhow, I believe my teaching way is doubtlessly right. After all, we have 19 from
it. So, as I 20 this financial journey of important lessons with my kids, I have to remember this lesson
they taught me.
1．A．formation B．development C．chance D．hope
2．A．set up B．take in C．put aside D．give off
3．A．tired B．puzzled C．surprised D．excited
4．A．randomly B．generously C．anxiously D．cautiously
5．A．return B．bring C．shelter D．earn6．A．never B．often C．always D．sometimes
7．A．spending B．calculating C．explaining D．following
8．A．establish B．understand C．reach D．know
9．A．copying B．comparing C．linking D．budgeting
10．A．even B．generally C．still D．nearly
11．A．inspiration B．confusion C．consideration D．suggestion
12．A．expected B．experienced C．analyzed D．noticed
13．A．busier B．richer C．happier D．wiser
14．A．comforted B．encouraged C．expected D．forced
15．A．ability B．enthusiasm C．freedom D．knowledge
16．A．delighted B．bored C．serious D．satisfied
17．A．However B．Therefore C．Meanwhile D．Thus
18．A．misunderstanding B．weakness C．carelessness D．difficulty
19．A．benefited B．differed C．suffered D．survived
20．A．break B．begin C．continue D．complete
【篇章解读】这是篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者教孩子们理财，又希望他们不仅仅是“理财”，而是从这
种教育中获得更多益处。虽然会有很多困难，但作者会坚持理财教育。
1．【答案】D
【答案】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和孩子们开始了一段理财之旅，希望不仅能教会他们良好的理财
习惯，还能教会他们人生中重要的一课。A. formation形成，组成；B. development发展；C. chance机会；
D. hope希望。根据“not only teaching them good financial habits, but also teaching them important lessons in
life.”可知，这是作者和孩子们开启理财之旅所希望看到的结果，in the hope of“怀着……的希望”。故选
D。
2．【答案】A
【答案】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我帮助每个人创办了“业务”，这样他们就可以开始赚取收入。A. set
up建立；B. take in吸收；C. put aside搁置，放在一边；D. give off散发（光、热、气体）。根据“so they
could start earning income.”可知，作者帮助孩子们创建了可以挣钱的“业务”。故选A。
3．【答案】D
【答案】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的孩子们都很兴奋，开始挣钱并合理消费。A. tired疲惫的；B.
puzzled困惑的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. excited兴奋的。根据上文“Well, things started off beautifully.”可知，
刚开始孩子们非常兴奋。故选D。
4．【答案】B
【答案】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们慷慨地把一部分钱捐给了教堂和各种慈善机构。A. randomly随机
地；B. generously慷慨地；C. anxiously焦虑地；D. cautiously警惕地。根据“gave a part of their money to
the church and various charities.”可知，孩子们很慷慨。故选B。
5．【答案】C
【答案】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我帮助我的孩子们将其中的一部分投资于罗斯个人退休账户，以保护他们的钱免受税收的影响，并开始他们的退休计划——这永远不会太早。A. return返回，归还；B. bring带
来；C. shelter提供庇护；D. earn挣得。根据“their money from taxes”此处是指把孩子们的一部分钱存入罗
斯个人退休账户避免受到税收的影响，即给这部分钱提供了“庇护”。故选C。
6．【答案】A
【答案】考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. never从不；B. often常常；C. always总是；D. sometimes有时。
结合常识可知，此处是指孩子小的时候就开始为退休作计划这件事永远都不会太早。故选A。
7．【答案】B
【答案】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们喜欢根据每天不同的利率来计算它能增长多少。A. spending花费；
B. calculating计算；C. explaining解释；D. following跟随。根据“how much it could grow into based on the
different interest rates”可知，此处是指根据利率计算钱增加了多少。故选B。
8．【答案】C
【答案】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的孩子们通常会为一个具体的目标存钱，并努力实现它——我的儿
子买了一台笔记本电脑，我的女儿买了一部iPhone。A. establish建立；B. understand明白，理解；C. reach
到达，实现；D. know知道。根据“saved up for a concrete goal”可知，此处指设定目标后，孩子们设法去实
现它，故选C。
9．【答案】D
【答案】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的孩子们在预算和用辛苦赚来的钱购物时很开心。A. copying复制，
抄；B. comparing比较；C. linking连接；D. budgeting做预算。根据“making purchases”可知，先做预算，
然后再购物。故选D。
10．【答案】C
【答案】考查副词词义辨析。句意：快进到今天，我的孩子们仍然在做我上面提到的所有事情。A. even甚
至；B. generally大体上；C. still仍然；D. nearly几乎。结合上文作者在孩子们小的时候教他们理财知识，
以及此处“Fast forward to today”可知，到现在他们仍然按作者教他们的方法去做。故选C。
11．【答案】B
【答案】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的脑子里可能有些困惑——为什么我不满意。A. inspiration启发；
B. confusion困惑；C. consideration考虑；D. suggestion建议。根据“why I’m not satisfied.”可知，作者猜测
读者会对她的反应感到困惑。故选B。
12．【答案】A
【答案】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只是期待更多。A. expected期待；B. experienced经历；C. analyzed
分析；D. noticed注意到。根据下文“I envisioned(希望) my kids becoming 1 3 so that they could
make as much money as possible. I envisioned them really being 1 4 by a specific cause or charity that
they really had 1 5 for.”可知，作者对孩子们的期待比现在更多。故选A。
13．【答案】D
【答案】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我设想我的孩子们变得更聪明，这样他们就能赚尽可能多的钱。A.
busier更忙的；B. richer更富有的；C. happier更快乐的；D. wiser更聪明的。根据“so that they could make
as much money as possible”推知，作者希望她的孩子们更聪明，这样能挣更多钱。故选D。
14．【答案】B【答案】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我设想他们真的会受到他们真正热衷的特定事业或慈善机构的鼓励。
A. comforted安慰；B. encouraged鼓励；C. expected期待；D. forced强迫。根据“by a specific cause or
charity”推知，作者希望孩子们真的可以受到他们从事的特定事业或慈善机构的鼓励，而不仅仅是为了挣钱、
花钱。故选B。
15．【答案】B
【答案】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. ability能力；B. enthusiasm热情；C. freedom自由；D.
knowledge知识。根据“They 4 gave a part of their money to the church and various charities.”可知，
孩子们对慈善事业有热情。故选B。
16．【答案】C
【答案】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我设想他们会对自己的支出更加认真，而不仅仅是追求物质享受。
A. delighted高兴的；B. bored无聊的；C. serious认真的；D. satisfied满足的。根据“instead of just pursuing
material comforts.”可知，此处是指不是仅仅为了追求物质享受，孩子们能对自己的支出更加认真对待。故
选C。
17．【答案】A
【答案】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，并不是每件事都像我在脑海中想象的那样顺利。A. However然
而；B. Therefore因此；C. Meanwhile同时；D. Thus因此。上文作者的期待和此处“not everything goes
exactly as I envisioned in my head”是转折关系，用连接副词however符合语境。故选A。
18．【答案】D
【答案】考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多困难将会出现，需要处理。A. misunderstanding误解；B.
weakness弱点；C. carelessness粗心；D. difficulty困难。根据“and need to deal with.”可知，会有很多困难
出现。故选D。
19．【答案】A
【答案】考查动词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，我们从中受益。A. benefited对……有益，受益；B. differed不
同；C. suffered遭受；D. survived幸存。根据上文“My kids usually saved up for a concrete goal and tried hard
to 8 it--my son for a laptop computer and my daughter for an iPhone. My kids had fun 9 and
making purchases with hard-earned money.”以及“Anyhow, I believe my teaching way is doubtlessly right.”可知，
作者和孩子们从理财教育中受益。故选A。
20．【答案】C
【答案】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，当我和孩子们继续这段重要课程的财务之旅时，我必须记住他
们教给我的这一课。A. break打破；B. begin开始；C. continue继续；D. complete完成。根据上文
“Anyhow, I believe my teaching way is doubtlessly right. After all, we have 1 9 from it.”推知，作者将
继续他们的理财之旅。故选C。
Passage 2
（2023·西藏林芝·统考二模）I couldn’t walk or speak until the age of 6. My brother and sister often made
fun of me for being different and slow. My brother found it 21 that I couldn’t remember what the tutor
had taught me and would say how 22 I was. Mum had to explain to him that I was different.
She tried to get me enrolled in various 23 Every time, she would explain to my classmates about my24 so that I wouldn’t be bullied in school. Despite the best 25 of my teachers, I 26 to
cope with the pace of the lessons and transferred(转学)from one school to another. I remembered 27
schools at least four times.
My life 28 when I was 10. Mum and I chanced upon a group of 29 with disabilities
training in the open field of the nearby university. Mum 30 them and found out they were Special
Olympics athletes.
At the time, I was physically 31 I had problems walking and had to hold someone’s hand for
32 . I also had problems with my eyesight. When Mum asked if I could become a Special Olympics athlete,
we were 33 surprised that the answer was “yes”. I started simple training every Saturday. Although it
was 34 , I never gave up. Neither did my family. Mum had to work on weekends and Grandma helped
to ensure I never 35 a single session of training.
After a few months, with the 36 guidance of my coaches, I got stronger. At my regular Special
Olympics 25-metre run practice, my grandma 37 me to let go of her hand. When I 38 the
finish line, the team went wild. I was so 39 that I gave my grandma a bear hug. I 40 my
progress to my coaches, families and friends.
21．A．exciting B．new C．normal D．strange
22．A．ambitious B．modest C．stupid D．tense
23．A．competitions B．games C．schools D．trainings
24．A．disability B．fault C．mistake D．worry
25．A．blessings B．efforts C．plans D．wishes
26．A．began B．managed C．refused D．struggled
27．A．attending B．dropping C．returning D．switching
28．A．blew up B．lifted off C．turned around D．went downwards
29．A．athletes B．workers C．students D．painters
30．A．approached B．greeted C．invited D．praised
31．A．addicted B．ill C．sensitive D．weak
32．A．advice B．message C．support D．warmth
33．A．barely B．pleasantly C．slightly D．eventually
34．A．boring B．difficult C．timely D．rewarding
35．A．designed B．escaped C．missed D．updated
36．A．detailed B．general C．patient D．practical
37．A．encouraged B．allowed C．requested D．advised
38．A．crossed B．grasped C．broke D．touched
39．A．absorbed B．delighted C．relieved D．tired
40．A．attach B．compare C．devote D．owe
【篇章导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者是个残疾孩子，但身残志坚，致力于做一个有价值的人，在家人和
教练的帮助下，成功获得参加残运会的资格。21．【答案】D
【答案】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我哥哥觉得我不记得家庭教师教了我什么是很奇怪的，总是说我是
多么愚蠢。A. exciting令人兴奋的；B. new新的；C. normal正常的；D. strange奇怪的。根据前文“I
couldn’t walk or speak until the age of 6. My brother and sister often made fun of me for being different and slow.
(我直到6岁才会走路或说话。我的哥哥和姐姐经常取笑我的与众不同和迟钝。)”和“being different and
slow”和下文“Mum had to explain to him that I was different.”可知，作者到6岁才会走路和说话，还有些迟
钝，记不住老师教了什么，因此推断作者的哥哥不能理解，觉得很奇怪。故选D。
22．【答案】C
【答案】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. ambitious有抱负的；B. modest谦虚的；C. stupid愚蠢的；D.
tense紧张的。根据上文“I couldn’t remember what the tutor had taught me”可知，作者记不住老师教的东西，
哥哥说作者愚蠢，同时上句中的slow也是提示。故选C。
23．【答案】C
【答案】考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈努力为我注册不同的学校。A. competitions竞赛；B. games游戏；
C. schools学校；D. trainings训练。根据下文“my classmates” 和“transferred(转学)from one school to
another”可知，妈妈给作者注册了不同的学校。故选C。
24．【答案】A
【答案】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每次，她都会向我的同学解释我的残疾，这样我就不会被欺负了。A.
disability残疾；B. fault错误；C. mistake错误；D. worry担心。根据后文“with disabilities”可知，作者有残
疾。故选A。
25．【答案】B
【答案】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管老师们尽了最大的努力，我还是难以适应课程的节奏，从一个学
校转到了另一个学校。A. blessings祝福；B. efforts努力；C. plans计划；D. wishes希望。根据后文“of my
teachers”并结合常识可知，教残疾孩子显然非常困难，需要付出更多的努力。故选B。
26．【答案】D
【答案】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管老师们尽了最大的努力，我还是难以适应课程的节奏，从一个学
校转到了另一个学校。A. began开始；B. managed设法；C. refused拒绝；D. struggled挣扎。根据后文
“transferred from one school to another”可知，作者难以适应课程的节奏，从一个学校转到了另一个学校，
即挣扎着学习。故选D。
27．【答案】D
【答案】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我记得我至少换过四次学校。A. attending参加；B. dropping落下；C.
returning返回；D. switching转换。根据上句中的“transferred from one school to another”可知，作者反复转
学（switching schools）。故选D。
28．【答案】C
【答案】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的生活在我10岁的时候发生了改变。A. blew up爆炸；B. lifted off
发射；C. turned around转变；D. went downwards向下走。根据后文讲述可知，作者遇到一群残疾运动员训
练，继而加入了这一群体，从此人生出现转机。故选C。
29．【答案】A【答案】考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈和我碰巧看到一群残疾运动员在附近大学的空地上训练。A.
athletes运动员；B. workers工人；C. students学生；D. painters画家。根据本段最后“they were Special
Olympics athletes”可知，是看到了残疾运动员。故选A。
30．【答案】A
【答案】考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈走近他们，发现他们是特奥会运动员。A. approached靠近；B.
greeted问候；C. invited邀请；D. praised赞美。根据后文“them and found out they were Special Olympics
athletes”可知，作者的母亲看到这些残疾运动员训练，想到作者能否加入，所以是“走近”他们，了解情
况。故选A。
31．【答案】D
【答案】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那时，我身体虚弱。A. addicted入迷的；B. ill生病的；C. sensitive
敏感的；D. weak虚弱的。根据下段“guidance of my coaches, I got stronger”可知，作者加入残奥会运动员
集训后，身体变得更强壮，故可推知，之前是虚弱的。故选D。
32．【答案】C
【答案】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我走路有困难，不得不握住别人的手来支撑。A. advice建议；B.
message信息；C. support支持；D. warmth温暖。根据前半句“I had problems walking”可知，作者走路都有
困难，需要牵着别人的手。牵着别人的手，是为了获得支撑（support），以免摔跤。故选C。
33．【答案】B
【答案】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当妈妈问我是否可以成为一名特奥会运动员时，我们惊喜地发现答案
是“可以”。A. barely几乎不；B. pleasantly愉快地；C. slightly稍微；D. eventually最终。根据前文
“When Mum asked if I could become a Special Olympics athlete”可知妈妈问是否可以接受“我”成为一名残
奥会运动队员，我们竟然获得了同意，这个显然是“令人喜出望外（pleasantly surprised）”。故选B。
34．【答案】B
【答案】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管它是困难的，我从不放弃。A. boring令人厌倦的；B. difficult
困难的；C. timely及时的；D. rewarding值得的。根据although和下文“I never gave up.”并结合上文可知，
作者有残疾，因此训练是困难的。故选B。
35．【答案】C
【答案】考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈不得不在周末工作，奶奶帮助确保我不会错过任何一节训练。A.
designed设计；B. escaped逃跑；C. missed错过；D. updated更新。根据前文“Mum had to work on
weekends”可知，妈妈周末工作，奶奶来帮忙不错过一节训练课。故选C。
36．【答案】C
【答案】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几个月后，在教练们的耐心指导下，我变得更强了。A. detailed详
细的；B. general通常的；C. patient耐心的；D. practical实际的。根据上文可知，作者是智力低下的残疾人，
动作迟缓，接受能力慢，甚至连走路都有困难，显然指导这样的孩子训练需要的更多“耐心”。故选C。
37．【答案】A
【答案】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我常规的特奥会25米跑练习中，我奶奶鼓励我放开她的手。A.
encouraged鼓励；B. allowed允许；C. requested要求；D. advised建议。根据后文“me to let go of her hand”
可知，祖母鼓励作者放开她的手。故选A。38．【答案】A
【答案】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我冲过终点线时，队员们都疯狂了。A. crossed穿过；B. grasped抓
住；C. broke打破；D. touched触摸。根据后文“the team went wild”可知，作者穿过了终点线，完成了比赛。
故选A。
39．【答案】B
【答案】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我太高兴了，给了奶奶一个熊抱。A. absorbed专注的；B. delighted
高兴的；C. relieved安慰的；D. tired疲惫的。根据后文“I gave my grandma a bear hug”可知，作者放开祖
母的手，成功地跑到了终点线，实现了跨越，显然是高兴的（delighted）。故选B。
40．【答案】D
【答案】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把我的进步归功于我的教练、家人和朋友。A. attach附上；B.
compare比较；C. devote投入；D. owe欠钱，归功（罪）于。根据后文“my progress to my coaches, families
and friends”此处指“将自己的进步归功于教练、家人和朋友”。短语owe...to…表示“将……归功于某人”。
故选D。
Passage 3
（2023秋·云南大理·高三统考期末）My husband, daughter and I made our way into the small restaurant in
our Winnipeg hotel for breakfast. Only two other tables were 41 , one by a family with young children.
There was a little girl and a little boy, and the boy was so excited because sitting at the table directly behind us was
a face he 42 . “Mom, Mom, look!” he managed to 43 . “It’s Wayne Gretzky!”
44 , there at the other table was Wayne Gretzky, obviously discussing important business with some
gentlemen in 45 . They were speaking 46 and just finishing up breakfast. Well, this little boy
could hardly 47 himself. He was squirming (蠕动) in his seat, wanting to talk to Wayne Gretzky and get
a(n) 48 . After all, this might be his only chance! But his mother just kept 49 , “He’s in a
meeting, honey. He needs his 50 . This is not the time. ” The poor little boy was almost 51
. You could see he couldn’t eat. Instead, he kept indulging (沉迷于) in the 52 excitement of looking
over his shoulder and seeing his hero — right in the same room!
Well, it was hard not to 53 what was going on. Wayne excused himself from his 54
and went over to the little boy. He knelt down, put out his hand and said, “Hi, I’m Wayne Gretzky. What’s your
name?”
The little boy’s face totally 55 ! His jaw dropped, and his mouth hung wide open. His 56
looked like they were going to pop right out of his head. The whole family was 57 . It was wonderful
to watch as Wayne shook hands with the little boy and then signed his autograph on a place mat from the 58
.
I was so impressed. What a wonderful 59 ! It was such a little thing, and yet it said so much. It
made me realize that he sincerely meant all the things he has said about 60 youngsters — and that
Wayne Gretzky was as much a hero off the ice as he was on.
41．A．vacant B．occupied C．crowded D．empty
42．A．understood B．acknowledged C．recognized D．realized43．A．get out B．get away C．get back D．get over
44．A．Worse still B．Even better C．Strange to say D．Sure enough
45．A．uniforms B．pants C．suits D．T-shirts
46．A．quietly B．silently C．randomly D．quickly
47．A．content B．lose C．manage D．contain
48．A．photograph B．autograph C．telegraph D．paragraph
49．A．shouting B．scolding C．whispering D．chatting
50．A．meeting B．business C．career D．privacy
51．A．in anger B．in surprise C．in relief D．in tears
52．A．irregular B．illogical C．irresistible D．incredible
53．A．notice B．ignore C．observe D．avoid
54．A．dinner B．breakfast C．restaurant D．hotel
55．A．lit up B．made up C．turned up D．flamed up
56．A．tongue B．teeth C．eyes D．heart
57．A．scared B．thrilled C．shocked D．stunned
58．A．dustbin B．table C．chair D．shelf
59．A．gesture B．movement C．measure D．position
60．A．judging B．discussing C．evaluating D．encouraging
【篇章解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在小餐馆吃早餐时偶遇冰球传奇人物韦恩·格雷茨基
引发的故事。
41．【答案】B
【答案】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：只有另外两张桌子被占用了，其中一张是一个带着小孩的家庭。A.
vacant空缺的；茫然的；B. occupied忙碌的；有人用的；C. crowded拥挤的；D. empty空的；无内容的。
根据句中“only”可知，餐馆里除了作者一家就只有另外两张桌子有人。故选B项。
42．【答案】C
【答案】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一个小女孩和一个小男孩，男孩非常兴奋，因为坐在我们正后方
的桌子上有一张他认识的脸。A. understood理解；B. acknowledged承认；告知收到；答谢；C. recognized
认出；认可；意识到；D. realized 意识到；实现。根据下文小男孩的反应可知他认出了韦恩·格雷茨基。故
选C项。
43．【答案】A
【答案】考查动词短语辨析。句意：“妈妈，妈妈，你看!”他叫了出来，“是韦恩·格雷茨基！”A. get out
离开；说出；泄露；B. get away逃离；C. get back返回；拿回；D. get over恢复过来；克服。根据后文
““It’s Wayne Gretzky!””指男孩叫出了这个人的名字，故选A项。
44．【答案】D
【答案】考查固定短语辨析。句意：果然，韦恩·格雷茨基在另一张桌子边，显然正在和一些穿着西装的先
生讨论重要的事情。A. Worse still更糟糕的是；B. Even better甚至更好；C. Strange to say说来奇怪；D.
Sure enough 果然。上文提到小男孩认出了韦恩·格雷茨基，根据后文“there at the other table was WayneGretzky”可知果然，韦恩·格雷茨基在另一张桌子边，显然正在和一些穿着西装的先生讨论重要的事情。故
选D项。
45．【答案】C
【答案】考查名词词义辨析。句意：果然，韦恩·格雷茨基在另一张桌子边，显然正在和一些穿着西装的先
生讨论重要的事情。A. uniforms制服；B. pants短裤；C. suits西装；D. T-shirts体恤衫。根据“gentlemen”
和“discussing business”，故选C项。
46．【答案】A
【答案】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们正在轻声说话，快要吃完早饭。A. quietly平静地；轻声地；B.
silently沉默地；无声地；C. randomly随机地；任意地；无目的地；D. quickly快速地。根据上文
“discussing important business with some gentlemen”可知，他们正在讨论重要的事情，所以是轻声说话。故
选A项。
47．【答案】D
【答案】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个小男孩很难控制住自己。A. content使满足；使满意；B. lose失去；
C. manage设法；D. contain包含；控制，克制(情感)。根据后文“He was squirming in his seat, wanting to
talk to Wayne Gretzky”指小男孩很难控制住自己。短语contain oneself表示“克制自己”。故选D项。
48．【答案】B
【答案】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在座位上扭来扭去，想和韦恩·格雷茨基谈谈，要个签名。A.
photograph照片；B. autograph签名；C. telegraph电报；D. paragraph段落。根据下文“Wayne shook hands
with the little boy and then signed his autograph on. . . ”可知小男孩想要跟韦恩·格雷茨基要签名。故选B项。
49．【答案】C
【答案】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他的母亲一直在低语：“他在开会，亲爱的。他需要自己的私人空
间。现在还不是时候。”A. shouting大喊；B. scolding批评；C. whispering低语；D. chatting 聊天。因别人
在开会，故小男孩的母亲轻声地对他说话，不打扰别人。故选C项。
50．【答案】D
【答案】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他的母亲一直在低语：“他在开会，亲爱的。他需要自己的私人空
间。现在还不是时候。”A. meeting 会议；B. business生意；事务；C. career 职业；D. privacy 隐私；独
处；私人空间。根据上文“He’s in a meeting, honey.”可知，别人在开会，需要私人空间。故选D项。
51．【答案】D
【答案】考查介词短语辨析。句意：那个可怜的小男孩几乎要哭了。A. in anger 生气地；B. in surprise 惊
讶地；C. in relief 如释重负；D. in tears 哭泣。根据后文“You could see he couldn’t eat.(你可以看到他都不
吃东西)”可知，男孩很伤心，快哭了。故选D项。
52．【答案】C
【答案】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相反，他一直沉浸在一种无法抗拒的兴奋中，因为他回头看到了他
的英雄——就在同一个房间里！A. irregular不规则的；不合常规的；B. illogical不合逻辑的；C. irresistible
无法抗拒的；D. incredible不可思议的；难以置信的。根据后文“excitement of looking over his shoulder and
seeing his hero — right in the same room!”指男孩一直沉浸在一种无法抗拒的兴奋中，因为他回头看到了他的
英雄——就在同一个房间里，故选C项。53．【答案】A
【答案】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很难让人不注意到发生了什么。A. notice注意到；B. ignore忽视；不
理睬；C. observe仔细观察；遵守；庆祝；D. avoid回避。根据后文“what was going on”指小男孩的情况很
难不注意到。故选A项。
54．【答案】B
【答案】考查名词词义辨析。句意：韦恩借口不吃早饭，走到小男孩身边。A. dinner正餐；B. breakfast早
餐；C. restaurant餐厅；D. hotel酒店。根据上文提到的他们在吃早餐，可推断韦恩·格雷茨基礼貌地告辞离
开了吃早餐的桌子。故选B项。
55．【答案】A
【答案】考查动词短语辨析。句意：那个小男孩的脸完全亮了起来！ A. lit up点亮；放光彩，露喜色；B.
made up组成；化妆；编造；弥补；C. turned up(音量)调高；出现；D. flamed up烧得更旺；(脸尤因羞愧或
愤怒而)变红。根据上文“He knelt down, put out his hand and said, “Hi, I’m Wayne Gretzky. What’s your
name?”(他跪下，伸出手说：“你好，我是韦恩·格雷茨基。你叫什么名字?”)”可知，男孩的偶像主动过来打
招呼，小男孩的脸完全亮了起来！选A项。
56．【答案】C
【答案】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的眼睛好像要从脑袋里蹦出来一样。A. tongue舌头；B. teeth牙齿；
C. eyes眼睛；D. heart心脏。根据上文“His jaw dropped, and his mouth hung wide open.(他目瞪口呆，嘴巴
张得大大的)”可知，男孩很惊讶，眼睛好像要从脑袋里蹦出来一样。故选C项。
57．【答案】B
【答案】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：全家人都很激动。A. scared害怕的；B. thrilled 激动的；欣喜若狂；
C. shocked 震惊的；D. stunned 惊愕的；目瞪口呆的。结合上文可知，Wayne Gretzky主动过来和男孩打招
呼，全家都很激动。故选B项。
58．【答案】B
【答案】考查名词短语辨析。句意：看着韦恩和小男孩握手，然后在桌子上的一块餐具垫上签名，真是太
棒了。A. dustbin垃圾桶；B. table桌子；C. chair椅子；D. shelf架子。根据上文“a place mat”指在桌子上的
一块餐具垫上签名。故选B项。
59．【答案】A
【答案】考查名词词义辨析。句意：多么棒的举动啊！A. gesture手势，姿势；(善意的)姿态，行为；B.
movement运动；C. measure测量；措施；D. position位置；地位。根据前文内容可知，此处指Wayne
Gretzky主动过来和男孩打招呼这一举动，gesture符合语境。故选A项。
60．【答案】D
【答案】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这让我意识到，他说过的所有鼓励年轻人的话都是真诚的——韦恩·格
雷茨基和他在冰上一样是一个英雄。A. judging判断；B. discussing讨论；C. evaluating估计；评价；D.
encouraging鼓励。根据后文“Wayne Gretzky was as much a hero off the ice as he was on”可知，Wayne
Gretzky在场上和在场外都是一个英雄，他所说的鼓励年轻人的话都是真心实意的。故选D项。
Passage 4
（2023·贵州·校联考模拟预测）It was June a few years ago right around the Summer Solstice(夏至). Thefirst fireflies (萤火虫)had appeared, 61 on and off in the woods around my house. What a (n) 62
it was to see them again! How amazing was the natural life! Their small light made me smile, and I couldn’t help
but feel grateful to 63 .
As the daylight 64 , I saw some children trying to 65 the fireflies in the dark .A girl went
inside and came back with a clear glass bottle. After several 66 attempts, she went to run after another
one 67 . Anyway, she was very happy.
All the other children including me were very 68 . We gathered around, desiring to watch the
fireflies’ light inside the bottle. Soon the girl’s mom walked to us and told us it was time to set the fireflies 69
. One of the children didn’t 70 . But the girl’s mom 71 that the fireflies would die if left in
the 72 . Then she said something that still stays in my 73 to this day, “Let them go so they
can share their 74 with the rest of the world!” Finally, we knew the meaning of life.
I 75 in our childhood, we used to sing the song, “This little light of mine, I’m going to let it
shine!” But as adults we find it 76 to do so. We often forget to share.
Don’t 77 your “light”. Don’t keep it in a “bottle”. Share your “light”, no matter how 78
it may be. Let 79 light up your heart and then give it to the whole world. Let the “light” within you
80 the darkness away. Learn from the lightening fireflies. Be loving and willing to share!
61．A．burning B．showing C．flashing D．getting
62．A．scare B．joy C．idea D．honour
63．A．nature B．warmth C．adults D．children
64．A．came up B．got around C．broke out D．faded away
65．A．touch B．catch C．desert D．observe
66．A．smooth B．simple C．unsuccessful D．inactive
67．A．initially B．angrily C．often D．instead
68．A．afraid B．doubtful C．curious D．calm
69．A．loose B．close C．alone D．still
70．A．wave B．agree C．stand D．bend
71．A．complained B．joked C．admitted D．explained
72．A．bottle B．house C．air D．sky
73．A．book B．yard C．mind D．hand
74．A．light B．sound C．power D．energy
75．A．supported B．considered C．regretted D．remembered
76．A．useless B．hard C．necessary D．good
77．A．pass B．absorb C．hide D．share
78．A．colorful B．fast C．long D．weak
79．A．love B．attention C．honesty D．modesty
80．A．take B．drive C．give D．put
【篇章解读】本文为一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过讲述小女孩的妈妈要孩子们把瓶子里的萤火虫放归大自然，让萤火虫可以和世界分享他们的光明这个故事，呼吁人们要像萤火虫那样，无论自己的光芒是多么的微弱，
也不忘分享，让爱照亮你的心灵，并奉献给全世界。
61．【答案】C
【答案】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一批萤火虫出现了，在我家周围的树林里忽隐忽现。A. burning燃
烧；B. showing显示；C. flashing闪烁；D. getting得到。根据下文“How amazing the natural life was! Their
small light made me smile, and I couldn’t help but feel grateful to ____63____. (自然界的生命是多么奇妙啊！他
们的小小光芒使我微笑，我不禁对大自然心存感激。)”可知，晚上的萤火虫会发光闪烁，flashing符合语境。
故选C。
62．【答案】B
【答案】考查名词词义辨析。句意：再次见到他们是多么高兴啊! A. scare惊吓，恐惧；B. joy喜悦；C.
idea想法；D. honor荣誉。根据下文“Their small light made me smile, and I couldn’t help but feel grateful to
____63____. (他们的小小光芒使我微笑，我不禁对大自然心存感激。)”可知，作者看见萤火虫，内心充满
喜悦。故选B。
63．【答案】A
【答案】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的小小光芒使我微笑，我不禁对大自然心存感激。A. nature自然；
B. warmth温暖；C. adults成人；D. children儿童。根据上文“How amazing the natural life was! (自然界的生
命是多么奇妙啊！)”，以及本句的前半句Their small light made me smile，作者对大自然心存感激。故选
A。
64．【答案】D
【答案】考查动词短语辨析。句意：天色渐暗，我看见一些孩子在黑暗中捉萤火虫。A. came up出现；B.
got around绕过；C. broke out爆发；D. faded away消失。根据句中catch the fireflies in the dark可知，夜幕
降临，故日光逐渐消失。故选D。
65．【答案】B
【答案】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. touch触摸；B. catch抓住；C. desert遗弃；D. observe观察。
根据后文“A girl went inside and came back with a clear glass bottle.”可知，天黑后，孩子们抓萤火虫。故选
B。
66．【答案】C
【答案】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在几次不成功的尝试之后，她转而去追另一个（萤火虫）。A.
smooth平滑的；B. simple简单的；C. unsuccessful不成功的；D. inactive不活跃的。根据句中she went to
run after another one instead，以及下一句“Anyway, she was very happy. (不管怎样，她很高兴)”可知，不管
抓没抓到，小女孩很开心，可推知，小女孩的尝试没有成功，故选C。
67．【答案】D
【答案】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在几次不成功的尝试之后，她转而去追另一个（萤火虫）。A. initially
最初；B. angrily生气；C. often经常；D. instead代替。根据前半句After several ____5____ attempts可知，
几次尝试失败后，小女孩转而去追捕另一个萤火虫，instead符合语境。故选D。
68．【答案】C
【答案】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：包括我在内的其他孩子都很好奇。A. afraid害怕的；B. doubtful怀疑的；C. curious好奇的；D. calm冷静的。根据下一句“We gathered around, desiring to watch the fireflies’
light inside the bottle. (我们围在一起，想看萤火虫在瓶子里发出的光。)”可知，作者和孩子一样，都好奇萤
火虫怎么发光的。故选C。
69．【答案】A
【答案】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很快，小女孩的妈妈走到我们面前，告诉我们是时候把萤火虫放出
来了。A. loose不受束缚的；B. close关闭的；C. alone单独的；D. still静止的。根据下文“But the girl’s
mom explained that the fireflies would die if left in the ____9____. (但是女孩的妈妈解释说，如果把萤火虫留
在瓶子里，它们会死的。)”以及“‘Let them go so they can share their ____10____ with the rest of the world!’
Finally, we knew the meaning of life. (让他们走吧，这样他们就可以和世界分享他们的光明！)”可知，此处考
查set sth loose，意为“释放某物”，与Let them go意思相近，故选A。
70．【答案】B
【答案】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一个孩子不同意。A. wave挥手；B. agree同意；C. stand站着；D.
bend弯曲。根据前文“Soon the girl’s mom walked to us and told us it was time to set the fireflies ____9____ .”
可知，小女孩的妈妈走到我们面前，告诉我们是时候把萤火虫放出来了，而另外的一个孩子不同意。故选
B。
71．【答案】D
【答案】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是女孩的妈妈解释说，如果把萤火虫留在瓶子里，它们会死的。A.
complained抱怨；B. joked开玩笑；C. admitted承认；D. explained解释。根据后文“the fireflies would die if
left in the ____72____ .”可知，女孩的妈妈解释说，如果把萤火虫留在瓶子里，它们会死的。故选D。
72．【答案】A
【答案】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是女孩的妈妈解释说，如果把萤火虫留在瓶子里，它们会死的。A.
bottle瓶子；B. house房子；C. air空气；D. sky天空。根据前文“We gathered around, desiring to watch the
fireflies’ light inside the bottle.”可知，把萤火虫留在瓶子里，它们会死的。故选A。
73．【答案】C
【答案】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后她说了一句至今仍在我脑海里的话。A. book书；B. yard庭院；
C. mind头脑，智慧；D. hand手。根据后文““Let them go so they can share their ___74____with the rest of
the world!””可知，“让他们走吧，这样他们就可以和世界分享他们的光明！”这句话一直存留在作者的脑
海里。故选C。
74．【答案】A
【答案】考查名词词义辨析。句意：让他们走吧，这样他们就可以和世界分享他们的光明! A. light光；B.
sound声音；C. power功率；D. energy能量。根据上文“We gathered around, desiring to watch the fireflies’
light inside the bottle.( 我们围在一起，想看萤火虫在瓶子里发出的光。)”可知，女孩的妈妈希望萤火虫被放
归大自然，使萤火虫的光能更多地被分享。故选A。
75．【答案】D
【答案】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我记得在我们的童年，我们曾经唱过这首歌，“我的这一点光，我要
让它发光！”A. supported支持；B. considered考虑；C. regretted后悔；D. remembered记得。根据空后的in
our childhood，以及后一句“But as adults we find it ___72____ to do so. We often forget to share. ”可知，但作为成年人，我们发现很难做到这一点。我们常常忘记分享。故选D。
76．【答案】B
【答案】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但作为成年人，我们发现很难做到这一点。A. useless无用的；B.
hard困难的；C. necessary必要的；D. good好的。根据上文“I ____11____ in our childhood, we used to sing
the song, ‘This little light of mine, I’m going to let it shine!’ (记得在我们的童年，我们曾经唱过这首歌，‘我
的这一点光，我要让它发光！’)”,下文“We often forget to share.(我们常常忘记分享。)”可知，儿歌表达的
意思是“把自己的光分享给别人”，而长大后却做不到分享，因为经常忘记分享，hard符合语境。故选
B。
77．【答案】C
【答案】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不要隐藏你的“光芒”。A. pass通过；B. absorb吸收；C. hide隐藏；
D. share分享。根据下一句“Don’t keep it in a ‘bottle’. Share your ‘light’, no matter how ____74____ it may be.
Let love light up your heart and then give it to the whole world. (不要把它保存在‘瓶子’里。分享你的‘光
芒’，不管它有多微弱。让爱照亮你的心灵，然后把它奉献给全世界。)”可知，作者想表达：哪怕只有一
点点光，一点点的爱，都要记得奉献给世界，不私藏光芒。故选C。
78．【答案】D
【答案】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：分享你的“光芒”，不管它有多微弱。A. colorful富有色彩的；B.
fast快的；C. long长的；D. weak微弱的。“I ___71____ in our childhood, we used to sing the song, ‘This little
light of mine, I’m going to let it shine!’ (记得在我们的童年，我们曾经唱过这首歌，‘我的这一点光，我要让
它发光！’)”可知，每个人可能只有一点点光，即只有微弱的光。故选D。
79．考查名词词义辨析。句意：让爱照亮你的心灵，然后把它奉献给全世界。A. love爱；B. attention注意
力；C. honesty诚实；D. modesty诚实。根据后文“Be loving and willing to share!”可知，作者指出让爱照亮
你的心灵，然后把它奉献给全世界。故选A。
80．【答案】B
【答案】考查动词词义辨析。句意：向发光的萤火虫学习，让你内心的“光”驱走黑暗。A. take取；B.
drive驱动；C. give给；D. put放。此处考查动词短语drive away，意为“赶跑，使……离去”，我们应该
像萤火虫的光照亮黑夜一样，奉献我们的内心的光，心中的爱，驱赶走世间的黑暗。故选B项。
Passage 5
（2023·四川泸州·校联考模拟预测）One day, a professor entered the classroom and asked his students to
prepare for a surprise test. They waited anxiously at their desks for the test to begin. The professor 81 the
question papers, with the text facing down as usual. 82 all the students got the papers, he asked them to
83 the page and begin. To everyone’s surprise, there were no 84 , just a black dot (点) in the center
of the page. The professor, seeing the expression on everyone’s face, told them the following:
“I want you to write what you 85 there.”
The students, 86 , got started on the inexplicable (令人费解的) task.
At the end of the class, the professor 87 all the answer papers and started reading each one of them
aloud in front of all the students. All of them, with no exception, 88 the black dot, trying to explain its
position in the middle of the sheet, etc. After all had been read, the classroom was silent, and the professor began toexplain:
“I’m not going to grade this. I just wanted to give you something to 89 . No one wrote about the
90 part of the paper. Everyone focused on the black dot, and the same happens in our 91 . We
have a white paper to observe and 92 , but we always focus on the dark spots. Our life is a 93
given to us with love and care and we always have 94 to celebrate: nature renewing itself every day,
our friends around us, the job that 95 our livelihood and the miracles we see every day.
96 , we insist on focusing only on the dark spots: the health issues that bother us, the lack of
money, the 97 relationship with coworkers, the 98 with a friend, and etc.
The dark spots are very 99 compared to everything we have in our lives, but they are the ones
that pollute our minds. Take your eyes 100 the black spots in your life.”
81．A．pointed at B．turned up C．brought up D．handed out
82．A．Since B．After C．While D．Until
83．A．fold B．open C．turn D．use
84．A．questions B．choices C．exercises D．scores
85．A．remember B．imagine C．see D．study
86．A．serious B．frustrated C．curious D．confused
87．A．finished B．collected C．marked D．selected
88．A．ignored B．painted C．described D．decorated
89．A．think about B．refer to C．hand out D．take along
90．A．big B．black C．white D．beautiful
91．A．lives B．classrooms C．colleges D．studies
92．A．send B．enjoy C．keep D．show
93．A．lesson B．duty C．pressure D．present
94．A．reasons B．time C．freedom D．festivals
95．A．threatens B．provides C．ruins D．changes
96．A．Besides B．Thus C．However D．Finally
97．A．close B．strong C．special D．troublesome
98．A．disappointmentB．connection C．satisfaction D．stay
99．A．dark B．small C．round D．dirty
100．A．across B．through C．away from D．back to
【篇章解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了课上教授用一次突击测试给学生上了一堂课，人生好比
那张试卷，我们常常只关注那些问题一样的黑点，忘记了那些生活本身的美好一样的白色，我们需要的是
让目光远离黑点。
81．【答案】D
【答案】考查动词短语辨析。句意：教授像往常一样把试卷朝下发给学生。A. pointed at指向；B. turned up
出现；C. brought up提出；D. handed out分发。根据上文“asked his students to prepare for a surprise test”可
知，教授让学生准备一次突击测试，所以是分发试卷。故选D。82．【答案】B
【答案】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：当所有的学生拿到卷子后，他让他们翻页开始。A. Since自从；B.
After在……之后；C. While虽然；D. Until直到。根据下文“all the students got the papers”和“he asked
them to ____83____ the page and begin”并结合常识可知，学生都拿到卷子后，教授才会让学生开始答题，
After“在……之后”符合事情的先后顺序。故选B。
83．【答案】C
【答案】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当所有的学生拿到卷子后，他让他们翻页开始。A. fold折叠；B. open
开放；C. turn翻转；D. use使用。根据上文“with the text facing down as usual”可知，试卷发下来时卷面朝
下，所以是把试卷翻转过来开始答题。故选C。
84．【答案】A
【答案】考查名词词义辨析。句意：令所有人吃惊的是，没有问题，只有页面中央的一个黑点。A.
questions问题；B. choices选择；C. exercises练习；D. scores分数。根据下文“just a black dot (点) in the
center of the page”可知，试卷上只有中央的一个黑点，所以是没有问题。故选A。
85．【答案】C
【答案】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想要你们把看到的写下来。A. remember记住；B. imagine想象；C.
see看；D. study研究。根据下文“All of them, with no exception, ____88____ the black dot, trying to explain
its position in the middle of the sheet, etc.”可知，学生们的答案围绕试卷上的黑点展开，所以教授应该是让他
们写下看到的东西。故选C。
86．【答案】D
【答案】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：学生们困惑了，开始做这个令人费解的任务。A. serious严重的；B.
frustrated沮丧的；C. curious好奇的；D. confused困惑的。根据下文“got started on the inexplicable (令人费
解的) task”可知，学生们觉得这个任务令人费解，所以应该是感到困惑。故选D。
87．【答案】B
【答案】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在课程结束时，教授收好了所有的答卷，开始在所有学生面前大声朗
读每一份答卷。A. finished完成；B. collected收集；C. marked标记；D. selected选择。根据下文“started
reading each one of them aloud in front of all the students”可知，教授朗读每一份答卷，所以是把答卷收上来。
故选B。
88．【答案】C
【答案】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们无一例外地描述了黑点，试图解释它在纸张中间的位置等等。A.
ignored忽略；B. painted涂漆；C. described描述；D. decorated装饰。根据下文“trying to explain its position
in the middle of the sheet, etc”可知，学生们都在解释黑点在纸张中间的位置等等，所以是对黑点进行描述。
故选C。
89．【答案】A
【答案】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我只是想让你好好思考。A. think about思考；B. refer to参考；C. hand
out分发；D. take along带上。根据下文教授将生活和试卷类比，说明我们常常只关注那些问题一样的黑点，
而忘记了生活本身的美好可推知，教授想让学生好好思考。故选A。
90．【答案】C【答案】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有人写纸的白色部分。A. big大的；B. black黑色的；C. white白
色的；D. beautiful美丽的。根据下文“Everyone focused on the black dot”可知，每个人关注的都是黑点，所
以是没有人写纸的白色部分。故选C。
91．【答案】A
【答案】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人都把注意力集中在黑点上，我们的生活中也是如此。A. lives生
活；B. classrooms教室；C. colleges学院；D. studies学业。根据下文“Our life”可知，教授从学生们只关注
黑点，联系到生活中的现象。故选A。
92．【答案】B
【答案】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们有一张白纸可以观察和欣赏，但我们总是关注黑点。A. send发送；
B. enjoy欣赏；C. keep保持；D. show显示。根据下文“given to us with love and care”可推知，教授认为生
活是美好的，所以应该是让我们观察和欣赏的。故选B。
93．【答案】D
【答案】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的生命是一份充满爱和关怀的礼物，我们总是有理由庆祝：大自
然每天都在更新，我们身边有朋友，工作为我们提供生计，以及我们每天看到奇迹。A. lesson课程；B.
duty职责；C. pressure压力；D. present礼物。根据下文“given to us with love and care”可推知，生活应该是
一份充满爱和关怀的礼物。故选D。
94．【答案】A
【答案】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的生命是一份充满爱和关怀的礼物，我们总是有理由庆祝：大自
然每天都在更新，我们身边有朋友，工作为我们提供生计，以及我们每天看到奇迹。A. reasons原因；B.
time时间；C. freedom自由；D. festivals节日。根据下文“nature renewing itself every day, our friends around
us, the job that ____95____ our livelihood and the miracles we see every day”可知，生活中充满了美好的事物，
所以应该是有理由庆祝。故选A。
95．【答案】B
【答案】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的生命是一份充满爱和关怀的礼物，我们总是有理由庆祝：大自
然每天都在更新，我们身边有朋友，工作为我们提供生计，以及我们每天看到奇迹。A. threatens威胁；B.
provides提供；C. ruins破坏；D. changes改变。根据上文“the job”和下文“our livelihood”可推知，工作应
该是为我们提供生计。故选B。
96．【答案】C
【答案】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们坚持只关注黑点：困扰我们的健康问题、缺钱、与同事的
麻烦关系、对朋友的失望等等。A. Besides此外；B. Thus因此；C. However然而；D. Finally最后。上文在
描述生活的美好，下文在说明我们只关注那些负面的问题，上下文之间是转折的关系，应用However“然
而”。故选C。
97．【答案】D
【答案】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们坚持只关注黑点：困扰我们的健康问题、缺钱、与同事
的麻烦关系、对朋友的失望等等。A. close亲密的；B. strong强大的；C. special特别的；D. troublesome麻
烦的。根据上文“the health issues that bother us, the lack of money”可知，此处讨论的是负面的问题，
troublesome“麻烦的”符合语境，表示“与同事的麻烦关系”。故选D。98．【答案】A
【答案】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们坚持只关注黑点：困扰我们的健康问题、缺钱、与同事的
麻烦关系、对朋友的失望等等。A. disappointment失望；B. connection联系；C. satisfaction满意；D. stay逗
留。根据上文“the health issues that bother us, the lack of money”可知，此处讨论的是负面的问题，
disappointment“失望”符合语境，表示“对朋友的失望”。故选A。
99．【答案】B
【答案】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与我们生活中的一切相比，这些黑点是非常小的，但它们却污染了
我们的思想。A. dark黑暗的；B. small小的；C. round圆形的；D. dirty脏的。根据上文所描述的生活的种
种美好可推知，此处表示黑点与生活中所拥有的的一切相比其实很小。故选B。
100．【答案】C
