文档文本内容
2026 高考英语·二轮复习专题突破
专题09 · 语法填空之非谓语动词
核【核心知识·深度解读】
非谓语动词包括不定式（to do）、动名词（doing）和分
词（doing/done）。解题时遵循三步法：①找逻辑主语；②
判主被动；③定时间关系。
三种非谓语形式的功能对比
形式
主动/被
动
时间关系
常见功能
to
do
主动
将来/目的
作主语、宾语、定语、状
语、宾补
doin
g
主动
与谓语同时或习
惯性
作主语、宾语、定语、状
语、表语
done
被动
已完成或状态
作定语、状语、宾补
解题三步法详解
① 找逻辑主语：非谓语动词的逻辑主语通常是句子的主语或被修饰的名词。
② 判主被动：逻辑主语与动词之间是主动关系用 doing/to do，被动关系用
done。
③ 定时间关系：表示目的、将来用 to do；表示与谓语同时或习惯性用
doing；表示发生在谓语之前用 having done / having been done。
真题演示：The meeting ________ (hold) next week is about climate
change.
分析：句中已有谓语 is，hold 为非谓语；meeting 与 hold 是被动关系，且
表示将来，故填 to be held。
词汇练习·题型一：非谓语形式判断
指出下列句子中画线部分的非谓语形式（to do/doing/done）及其在句中的
功能（主语/宾语/定语/状语/宾补）。
1. To
finish
the work on time, they worked overtime. → 形式：________ 功能：
________
2. The boy sitting by the window is my brother. → 形式：________ 功能：________
3. Seen from the top, the city looks magnificent. → 形式：________ 功能：________
4. I enjoy reading novels. → 形式：________ 功能：________
5. She had her car washed. → 形式：________ 功能：________
6. Learning a new language takes time. → 形式：________ 功能：________
7. He pretended to
be
asleep. → 形式：________ 功能：________
8. The bridge built last year is beautiful. → 形式：________ 功能：________
9. Hearing the news, she burst into tears. → 形式：________ 功能：________
10. She is the first to
arrive
. → 形式：________ 功能：________
词汇练习·题型二：语境填空
用括号内动词的正确形式填空。
11. I look forward to ________ (hear) from you soon.
12. The book ________ (write) by Lu Xun is very famous.
13. She pretended ________ (be) asleep when her mother came in.
14. ________ (see) from the top, the city is beautiful.
15. He spends a lot of time ________ (play) video games.
16. The problem ________ (discuss) now is very important.
17. She was the first ________ (arrive) at the meeting room.
18. ________ (not receive) a reply, he decided to write again.
19. The teacher made us ________ (read) the text aloud.
20. ________ (finish) his homework, he went out to play.
词汇练习·题型三：单项选择
从A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
21. The meeting ________ next week is about climate change.
A. to be held B. held C. being held D. holding
22. She was the first woman ________ the award.
A. win B. to win C. winning D. won
23. ________ from the hill, the city looks like a garden.
A. Seeing B. Seen C. To see D. Having seen
24. I regret ________ you that you have failed the exam.
A. to inform B. informing C. informed D. inform
25. ________ more time, I could have done it better.
A. Given B. Giving C. To give D. Give
26. He had his wallet ________ on the bus.
A. steal B. stolen C. stealing D. to steal
27. ________ the project on time, they worked day and night.
A. Completing B. To complete C. Completed D. Having completed
28. She is looking forward to ________ abroad next year.
A. go B. going C. gone D. went
29. The boy ________ in the accident was taken to hospital.
A. injured B. injuring C. to injure D. being injured
30. ________ the answer, she raised her hand.
A. Knowing B. Known C. To know D. Having known
语篇综合运用（语法填空）
Passage 1 (志愿者经历)
Last summer, I had the opportunity 31.________ (work) as a
volunteer in a rural school. 32.________ (arrive) at the village, I
was deeply impressed by the children's enthusiasm. They were eager
33.________ (learn) but lacked resources. I spent hours 34.________
(prepare) lessons and 35.________ (teach) them English. One day,
36.________ (see) a little girl struggling with a math problem, I
sat beside her, 37.________ (explain) patiently until she
understood. The smile on her face was priceless. 38.________
(encourage) by this experience, I decided 39.________ (continue) my
volunteer work. Now, I am looking forward to 40.________ (go) back
next year.
Passage 2 (科技发展)
With artificial intelligence 41.________ (develop) rapidly, many
industries are being transformed. AI-powered robots are now capable
of 42.________ (perform) complex tasks. For example, a new robot
43.________ (design) for surgery has been successfully tested.
Doctors can control it 44.________ (perform) precise operations.
However, experts warn that we need 45.________ (ensure) these
technologies are used responsibly. 46.________ (compare) with
traditional methods, AI can improve efficiency, but it also raises
ethical concerns. 47.________ (address) these issues, governments
are working on regulations. 48.________ (make) the most of AI, we
must balance innovation with caution. It is worth 49.________
(note) that the future will require humans 50.________ (work)
alongside machines.
Passage 3 (个人成长)
When I was young, I was afraid of 51.________ (speak) in public. My
first speech was a disaster. 52.________ (stand) on the stage, my
legs trembled and my mind went blank. 53.________ (encourage) by my
teacher, I decided 54.________ (try) again. I spent hours
55.________ (practice) in front of a mirror. I recorded myself
56.________ (listen) to my voice and 57.________ (make)
improvements. Gradually, I became more confident. Last month, I had
the opportunity 58.________ (give) a speech at a school assembly.
This time, I was calm and 59.________ (prepare). After 60.________
(finish), I received a standing ovation. I learned that facing your
fears is the first step to overcoming them.
参考答案及解析
题型一：非谓语形式判断
1. to do，状语 2. doing，定语 3. done，状语 4. doing，宾语 5.
done，宾补 6. doing，主语 7. to do，宾语 8. done，定语 9. doing，状
语 10. to do，定语
题型二：语境填空
11. hearing 12. written 13. to be 14. Seen 15. playing 16. being
discussed 17. to arrive 18. Not having received 19. read 20. Having
finished
题型三：单项选择
21. A (to be held 表将来被动) 22. B (序数词后不定式作定语) 23. B
(过去分词作状语，被动) 24. A (regret to do 遗憾要做) 25. A (Given
表示“如果被给予”) 26. B (have sth done 结构) 27. B (不定式作目的
状语) 28. B (look forward to doing) 29. A (过去分词作定语，被动)
30. A (现在分词作状语，主动)
语篇综合运用
31. to work 32. Arriving 33. to learn 34. preparing 35. teaching
36. seeing 37. explaining 38. Encouraged 39. to continue 40. going
41. developing 42. performing 43. designed 44. to perform 45. to
ensure 46. Compared 47. To address 48. To make 49. noting 50. to
work
51. speaking 52. Standing 53. Encouraged 54. to try 55. practicing
56. to listen 57. making 58. to give 59. prepared 60. finishing
教学建议
① 讲解核心知识时，重点强调“三步法”，可结合高考真题例句加深理解；
② 词汇练习题型一可让学生快速口头回答，检查掌握情况；
③ 题型二、三建议限时完成，小组互批；
④ 语篇综合运用可先让学生独立完成，再逐空分析三步法运用；
⑤ 鼓励学生整理非谓语动词的固定搭配表（如 avoid doing, pretend to do）。
