专题07 语法填空体裁微解：说明文
I综合专练
Passage 1 (2025 全国I 卷)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or
weiqi in Chinese, ____56____ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.
Go is one of ____57____ earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games. The movements of the
black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who
is in charge of the exhibition.
“The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says
Tu. “We hope ____58____ (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and
initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.”
“In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your
trap and force them to follow your ‘____59____ (guide)’ till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go
player among the visitors to the exhibition.
“The players’ personalities ____60____ (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are
exposed to the opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always ____61____ (try) to beat the
opponent ____62____ no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other
side. ”
Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the ____63____
(strategy) placement of the pieces, ____64____ the energy flow following each move inspired
artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, ____65____ (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen
prints for the exhibition.
Passage 2 (2024 全国I 卷)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确
形式。
Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s Woolbeding
Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how
the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times.
The latest ____56____ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective ____57____
(function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass
and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days ____58____ (give) the inside plants sunshine
and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays ____59____ (close) to protect the plants.
Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____60____ (walk) visitors through a
journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to
Britain for ____61____ first time. These plants included modern Western ____62____ (favourite)
such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors
through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to
see, too.
The Glasshouse stands ____63____ a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the
plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk
Route ____64____ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of
the _____65_____ (rich) of gardening in England.
Passage 3 (2024 全国II 卷)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ___56___ is known as “the
Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s
hometown.
Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although they could never
have met, there are common ___57___ (theme) in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of
research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. “Some of the things that Tang was writing about
___58___ (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion
(《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways ___59___ Romeo and Juliet.”
A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace Garden
in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, ___60___ (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion,
___61___ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international ___62___ (visible), said
Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed
___63___ (find)the connection between the two great writers.
___64___ (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in
Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The
Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language ____65____
see how Tang’s play was being performed.”
Passage 4 (2024 全国甲卷)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend
____41____ (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. They are ____42____
(treasure) of American heritage (遗产). How did the national park system come about? On a cool,
starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in
____43____ is now northwestern Wyoming. They ____44____(be) part of a 15-member exploring
party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there.
What should ____45____(do) with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud. This area,
with ____46____ (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved ____47____
all people of the nation to enjoy — as a national park. They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote
the idea at the ____48____ (complete) of their journey. Their promotional work paid off. Two
years later, 18 years before Wyoming became a state, Yellowstone became the first national park in
the United States and the world. Yellowstone was the ____49____ (large) United States national
park — 2.2 million acres — until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, _____50_____ became a
national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
Passage 5（2023 新高考Ⅰ卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的
正确形式。
Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers,
encasing hot, 56 (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese
street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide
whether
57
(bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出),
58
to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
Shanghai may be the
59
(recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will
actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long Bao’s birthplace. There
you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed
60
hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing
them
61
(lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of
62
(they) contents. The meat should be fresh with
63
touch of sweetness and the
soup hot, clear and delicious.
No matter where I buy them, one steamer is
64
(rare) enough, yet two seems greedy,
so I am always left
65
(want) more next time.
Passage 6（2023 全国乙卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正
确形式。
Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums,
narrow hutong 4 1
royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history
even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully
4 2
(build) system of ring
roads.
But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place
4 3
welcomes the fast-paced
development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural
4 4
(wonder) standing side by
side with historical buildings of the past.
It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work,
4 5
somehow these two very
different worlds make a good combination. 4 6
(visit) several times over the last 10 years,
I
4 7
(amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a
rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. As a photographer, I have spent the last two years
4 8
(record) everything I discovered.
The
4 9
(remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect
the past while stepping into the modern world,
5 0
(mean) there is always something
new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
Passage 7（2023 全国甲卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正
确形式。
For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言)
4 1
(teach) a lesson or to pass on
wisdom. Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s
fables date to the
4 2
(six) century, B．C． Yet, the form of the fable still has values today,
4 3
Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.”
Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone (口吻) are
seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America,
4 4
all life
seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins,
4 5
(borrow)
some familiar words from many age-old fables. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious
message
4 6
(intend) for everyone.
4 7
(difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of
a moral. She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must
take responsibility
4 8
saving their environment.
The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However,
Carson’s theme is a more weighty
4 9
(warn) about environmental destruction. Carson
proves that a simple literal form that has been passed down through the ages can still
5 0
(employ) today to draw attention to important truths.
Passage 8（2023 浙1 月江卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的
正确形式。
During China’s dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing ____56____
arranged the residential areas according to social classes. The term “hutong”, ____57____
(original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, ____58____ (surround)in
concentric(同心的)circles by the Inner City and Outer City. Citizens of higher social classes
____59____ (permit)to live closer to the center of the circles. The large siheyuan of these
high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often ____60____ (feature)beautifully carved
and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子). The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by
____61____ (space)homes and walled gardens. Farther from the center lived the commoners
and laborers. Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and ____62____ (simple)in design and
decoration, and the hutongs were narrower.
Hutongs represent an important cultural element of the city of Beijing. Thanks to
Beijing’s long history ____63____ capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories,
and some are even associated with historic ____64____ (event). In contrast to the court life
and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the
Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect _____65_____ culture of grassroots Beijingers.
Passage 9（2022 新高考I 卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的
正确形式。
The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP).
___56___ (cover)an area about three times ___57___ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP
will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant
number of areas that ___58___ (be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected
areas for giant pandas under one authority ___59___ (increase)effectiveness and reduce
inconsistencies in management.
After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP
___60___ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整
性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones,
___61___ leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. The GPNP’s main
goal is to improve connectivity between separate ___62___ (population)and homes of giant pandas,
and ___63___ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
Giant pandas also serve ___64___ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of
plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to
provide stronger protection for all the species ____65____ live within the Giant Panda Range and
significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
Passage 10（2022 全国乙卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的
正确形式。
May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially ___61___
the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. To celebrate ___62___ festival, a number of events
took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.
The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ___63___ (address) the opening
ceremony. “As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the ___64___
(large) tea-producing country, China has a ___65___ (responsible)to work with other countries to
promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a
___66___ (share) future for mankind,” he said.
The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremony
calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation
___67___ cultural exchanges. A four-year tea promotion —Tea Road Cooperative Plan — was also
issued in accordance with the initiative.
___68___ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public
promotional activities on social media, ___69___ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around
the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremon opening
_____70_____ (it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth — A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.
Passage 11（2022 浙江1 月卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词
的正确形式。
Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but
growing minority of academics ___36___ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate
change. Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane
____37____（view） as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. But
Cobb and others ____38____ （be） now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide
more chances to participate remotely, and ____39____（change） their personal behavior to do
their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for
example, _____40_____（rough） 200 academics - many of them climate scientists ____41____
（promise） to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ___42___ she
could do so remotely; about three-quarters of ___43___ time, they agreed. When the answer, was
no, she, declined the ____44____ （invite）. That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year
down by 75%, and she plans ______45______（continue） the practice. "It has been fairly
rewarding. ", she says, "a really positive change."
Passage 12（2021 新高考I 卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词
的正确形式。
Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song “The Long and Winding
Road”. ____56____is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The
rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we ____57____
(human) are.
The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will
____58____(undoubted) help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the
colder the temperature gets, the ____59____ (hot) the spring! Strange, isn’t it? But that’s how nature
is — always leaving us ____60____(astonish).
What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it
____61____ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural
thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure ____62____offers a place
where you can sit down to rest your ____63____ (ache) legs.
As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in
the visitor’s memory. It sure does in ____64____(I).While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is
____65____ must to visit!
Passage 13（2021 全国乙卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的
正确形式。
Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影响)travel to undisturbed places. It is
different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become ___61___ (educate)about
the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides
money for conservation and benefits the ___62___(develop)of the local areas.
Ecotourism has ___63___(it)origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not
widely accepted as a travel concept ___64___ the late 1980s. During that time, increasing
environmental awareness made it desirable.
Due to ___65___ growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various
types ___66___ trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must
meet the following principles:
·Minimize the impact of ___67___(visit)the place.
·Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.
·Provide ___68___(finance)aid and other benefits for local peoples.
·Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.
Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its
unique biodiversity.___69___(activity)there range from whale watching to hiking(远足)and
accommodations aim ____70____(have) a low impact on the natural environment.
Passage 14（2021 北京卷A）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的
正确形式。
Why do we dream？Scientists aren't completely sure,and they have diverse____11____
(idea)．Dreams might be a side effect of memory making.When you sleep,your brain sorts through
everything ____12____ happened during the day，trying to link new experiences to old memories.
As it ____13____ (connect) things，your brain turns them into a story, and you get a dream．
Passage 15（2021 浙江1 月卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词
的正确形式。
In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the
scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier 28
．
that most of the rise is due to
gains in BMI in rural areas.
BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool 29
．
gives an indication of whether
someone is a healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a 30
．
(person) weight in kg by their
height in meters squared. and a BMI of between 19 and 25 31
．
(consider) healthy.
The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 32
．
2. 1 in
women and men. In cities, however, the gain 33
．
(be) 1. 3 in women and 1. 6 in men. The
researchers described “striking changes” in the geography of BMI. Tn 1985，urban men and women
in more than three quarters of the countries 34
．
(study) had higher BMIs than men and women in
rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries
had narrowed 35
．
(sharp).
This may be due to some disadvantages for people 36
．
(live) in the countryside,
including 37
．
(low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer
sports facilities.
Passage 16（2020 新课标Ⅰ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的
正确形式。
China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The
unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess
___61___ (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is
___62___ (extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with
a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot ___63___ it could send
signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular ___64___ (interesting)
to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山)， more so ___65___ the familiar near side.
Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 ___66___ (find) and study areas
of the South Pole-Aitken basin. ＂This really excites scientists,＂ Carle Pieters, a scientist at
Brown University, says, ＂because it ___67___ (mean) we have the chance to obtain information
about how the moon ___68___ (construct)＂ Data about the moon’s composition, such as how
___69___ ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether ____70____ (it) plans
for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
Passage 17（2020 新课标Ⅱ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单
词的正确形式。
Deorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year
Chinese New Year is a ___61___ (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the
beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers ___62___ (carry) special
significance. They represent the earth ___63___ (come) back to life and best wishes for new
beginnings.
These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:
Oranges: Orange trees are more ___64___ decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and
wealth. They make great gifs and you see them many times ___65___ (decorate) with red envelopes
and messages of good fortune.
Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes
and office. ___66___ (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are
associated ___67___ health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy ___68___ (care) for and
make great presents.
Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The ___69___ (beauty) long branches covered with pink-
colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are ____70____ first to flower
even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.
Passage 18（2020 山东卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正
确形式。
Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th
and 19th centuries, ___36___ (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and
works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too big ___37___ until they died, and
then it was given to a museum. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example,
___38___ (form) the core collection of the British Museum ___39___ opened in 1759.
The parts of a museum open to the public ___40___ (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a
small part of a museum’s collection ___41___ (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for
research.
Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits,
visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine ___42___ (they) living at a different
time in history or ___43___(walk)through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the city’s Viking
settlement is recreated, and people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town.
Historical ___44___ (accurate) is important but so is entertainment. Museums must compete
____45____people’s spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome
school groups and arrange special activities for children.
Passage 19 (2020 海南卷)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确
形式。
These days, it is not unusual for 10- to 12-year-olds to publish their own websites or
for second and third graders
1
(begin) computer classes. At the
same time, computer games are becoming increasingly popular as major publishing houses
continue to develop
2
(education) computer programs for children
in preschool. Also, technological know-how has become
a
3
(require) for most jobs in an increasingly digital world, as the
computer has become a common tool in most
4
(profession).
The Digital World is a set of volumes
5
aim to describe how
digital systems influence society and help readers understand the nature of digital systems
and their many interacting parts. Each volume in the set
explores
6
wide range of material, explains the basic concepts of
major applications of digital systems,
7
discusses the influences
they have on everyday life. Because the number of possible
topics
8
(be) practically limitless, we focus on a sample of the
most interesting and useful applications and tools and explain the basic principles of
technology. Readers
9
(encourage) to continue exploring the digital
world with the guidance of
10
(we) Further Resources section
featured in each volume.
Passage 20（2020 北京卷B）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的
正确形式。
Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they___4___(throw) away. It takes
them hundreds of years___5___(break) down. Many of these bags end up in the ocean where larger
ones can trap sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins. Over time, the bags fall
apart___6___countless tiny pieces, and fish can accidentally eat some of them. Now, lots
of___7___(country) and regions are taking action to ban the sale of such bags to stop people using
them.
Passage 21（2020 北京卷C）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的
正确形式。
A piece of stone___8___(find) on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human relatives,
known as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previously thought. The Neanderthals___9___（live）
alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of thousands of years, before dying out about 40, 000
years ago. They were much stronger than modern humans, but it's long been assumed that human
ancestors were____10____（smart）than the Neanderthals. However, the stone tool made by
Neanderthals suggests otherwise.
Passage 22（2020 浙江7 月卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词
的正确形式。
Some time after 10，000 BC，people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived
___56___ ，through agriculture. Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on ___57___
could be hunted or gathered from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had
sown.
Farming produced more food per person ___58___ hunting and gathering，so people were able
to raise more children. And，as more children were born，more food ___59___(need). Agriculture
gave people their first experience of the power of technology ___60___(change)lives.
By about 6000 BC，people ___61___ (discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise.
Later，they learned to work with the ___62___ (season)，planting at the right time and，in dry
areas， ___63___ (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.
This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then，with ___64___ rise of science，
changes began. New methods _____65_____ (mean)that fewer people worked in farming. In the last
century or so，these changes have accelerated. New power machinery and artificial fertilizers(化
肥)have now totally transformed a way of life that started in the Stone Age.
Passage 23（2020 浙江1 月卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词
的正确形式。
Something significant is happening to the world population-it is aging. The median(中位数
的)age of an American in 1950___56___(be)30-today it is 41 and is expected___57___(increase)to
42 by 2050. For Japan, the___58___(number)are more striking-22 in 1950, 46 today and 53 in 2050.
In 2015, one in 12 people around the world were over 65；by 2050, it will be one in six.
This aging of the population is driven___59___two factors. The first is declining birthrates,
which means old generations are large___60___(compare)to younger generations, and so, on
average, the population becomes___61___(old)than before. This is___62___(particular)true in the
US. The second reason is that people are living longer. A child born in the US today
has___63___very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly.
People tend to focus on the first factor. However, greater attention should___64___(place)on
longevity(长寿). It isn't just that people are, on average, living longer. It's also that they are on
average healthier___65___more productive for longer. Therefore, they can work for longer, consume
more and in general be a boost to the economy.
Passage 24（2019 全国卷I）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正
确形式。
The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as
Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence ___61___ they range all the way
across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global
population of polar bears as much of the range has been ___62___ (poor) studied; however,
biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.
Modem methods ___63___ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the
mid-1980s, and are expensive ___64___ (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years
some Inuit people in Nunayut ___65___ (report) increases in bear sightings around human
settlements, leading to a ___66___ (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have
responded by ___67___ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human
settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are ___68___ (high) than they actually are.
Of ___69___ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ___70___
(be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
Passage 25（2019 浙江卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正
确形式。
There are several reasons why school uniforms are good idea. First of all, uniforms help the
school look smart. The students feel that they belong to a particular group. When every pupil in the
school wears the uniform, nobody ___56___ (have) to worry about fashion(时尚). Everybody
wears___57___ same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways, A school in
Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth
___58___gives off light in the dark. When the children are walking or ___59___ (cycle) to school on
dark mornings, car drivers can ___60___ (easy) see them.
But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer ___61___ this question is not
clear. One study in America found that students' grades ___62___ (improve) a little after the school
introduced uniforms. But some students didn't want ___63___ (wear) the uniform. Other American
studies showed no ___64___(connect) between uniforms and school performance.
School uniforms are ___65___ (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of
them. Some very good schools don't have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular.
Pupils at about 90 percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms.
Passage 26（2019 北京卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正
确形式。
Earth Day，___4___(mark)on 22 April，is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness
about environmental protection. First celebrated ___5___ 1970，the Day now includes events in
more than 190 countries and regions(地区). No matter what you like to do，there is a way to get
involved in various ___6___(activity) on Earth Day. You can plant a tree，make a meal with locally
grown vegetables，or save power—the possibilities are endless.
Passage 27（2019 北京卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正
确形式。
Does the name of the college you attend really matter？Research on the question
___7___(suggest)that，for most students，it doesn't. What students do at college seems to matter
much more than ___8___ they go. The students benefitting most from college are those ___9___ are
totally engaged(参与)in academic life. taking full advantage of the college’s chances and
resources(资源)，Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about
which college to attend, and it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and
___10___(meaning)college experience.
Passage 28（2018 全国卷I）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正
确形式。
a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61 (long) than non-
runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be
overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running.
While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be) more
effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the
review also made a study published in 2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of
running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67 (cause).
The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise … it’s probably running. To
avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68 (strength) your leg muscles
(肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always 69
(energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other
sports, so perhaps we should all give 70 a try.
Passage 29（2018 全国卷I I）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的
正确形式。
Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country ___61___
（grow）more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ___62___ past
25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.
A taste for meat is ___63___ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to
feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to
grow corn instead of rice ___64___ (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water ___65___ rice and
creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased ___66___ (pollute) in the country's
major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total ___67___
(globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when
the government ___68___ (start) a soil-testing program ___69___ gives specific fertilizer
recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented
the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its
environment while ___70___ (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food
policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele.
