16 七选五阅读应对策略(内在逻辑)
【策略精讲】
策略1：词汇复现法
词汇复现指相同词汇的重复使用、同义词和近义词的复现或同一范畴词的复现。英语的线性思维表
现为第一句话的宾语往往是第二句的主语，或者前后句有相同或重叠的词语。这种前后句语义的衔接常
以句子中关键词(组)(常为名词、动词、形容词)的同义词(组)、近义词(组)或反义词(组)复现的方式来实现。
解题时可以利用这些词(组)作为解题线索。
【典例分析】 (2018·全国卷Ⅱ)
·Your productivity is improved.Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you
for the day.__37__
·Your metabolism (新陈代谢)gets a head start.__38__ If you work out in the mornings，then you will be getting
the calorie (卡路里)burning benefits for the whole day，not in your sleep.
A．You will stick to your diet.
B．Your quality of sleep improves.
C．You prefer healthy food to fast food.
D．There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.
E．You can keep your head clear for 4－10 hours after exercise.
F．After you exercise，you continue to burn calories throughout the day.
G．If you are planning to do exercise regularly，or you’re doing it now，then listen up!
【分析】 37题 本段的主旨是“晨练能提高你的效率”。E项“锻炼之后的4－10小时内，你都能让
自己头脑清醒”进一步说明了锻炼的好处，符合此处的语境。E项中的 exercise是上句中Exercising的原
词复现。
38题 这一段说的是晨练有助于人体的新陈代谢，能让你一整天都感受到晨练消耗卡路里带来的好处。F
项中的关键词“throughout the day”与文中的“the whole day”呼应。故选F。
策略2：代词指代法
英语表达中，代词出现的频率极高。代词主要是为避免重复，用于指代前面提到的人或物，有时也
用于指代前面提到的名词或概念。代词指代一定要注意两种情况，一是选项中的代词要特别关注，二是
挖空后面的句子中的代词要特别关注。巧妙利用这样的指代关系可以有效地帮助我们做出正确的选择。
【典例分析】 (2020·全国卷Ⅲ)
__38__ This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn’t a lot of food served.There are usually no
planned activities like games at a housewarming party.The host or hostess of the party will，however，probablygive all the guests a tour of their new home.Sometimes，because a housewarming party happens shortly after a
person moves into their new home，people may be asked to help unpack boxes.39.This__isn’t__usual__though.
B．It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.
C．You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.
D．If you’re lucky enough to receive gifts，keep them in a safe place.
【分析】 空格后的this是关键信息词。根据空后一句“This is often appreciated since at a housewarming
there isn’t a lot of food served”可知，在乔迁聚会时供应的食物不多，由此可判断出this是指带食物去参加
聚会，你也可以带食物或饮料与其他客人分享符合语境。
策略3：逻辑关系法
文章由段落组成，围绕中心话题展开。各段、句之间形成一定的语义逻辑关系，有总分、解释、例
证、并列、递进、转折、对比、因果等关系。七选五解题攻略之一就是要理清这些关系，并据此选出正
确答案。
（1）总分关系
文章由段落组成，围绕中心话题展开。“总分结构法”中的“总”是指文章内容的总体概括，出现
在文章的首和尾；“分”是指文章内容的具体展开，它实际上是文章的主体部分。 一篇文章在总体布局
上，可以先总后分，也可以先分后总，还可以先总后分再总，它们通常都称作“总分结构法”。
【典例分析】 (2018·全国卷Ⅰ)
But good news is that there’re really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home：
the small ones，the medium ones，and the large ones.
__38__．They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows，mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual
interest to our rooms.Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa，small
color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.
Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas ， dinner tables or
bookshelves.39.Color__choices__in__this__range__are__a__step__up__from__the__small__ones__in__two__m
ajor__ways.They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones，and they have a more powerful effect on the
feeling of a space.
The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls，ceilings，and floors.Whether you’re looking at
wallpaper or paint ， the time ， effort and relative expense put into it are
significant.40.So__it__pays__to__be__ sure ， because __you__want__to__get__it right__the__first__time.
A．While all of them are useful
B．Whatever you’re looking for
C．If you’re experimenting with a colorD．Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with
E．It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces
【分析】 文中出现了“the small ones，the medium ones，and the large ones”，后面又提到了“small color
choices”，由此可知空处所在段主要在讲“the small ones”。故选D。
（2）转折关系
若空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的逆转，则空格处很有可能表示转折。表示转折关系的标志词有：
but，however，yet，while/though/although，or/otherwise，on the contrary，instead，nevertheless(然而)，
still，in contrast/comparison，by comparison等。
【典例分析】 (2019·全国卷Ⅰ)
__40__While the sun’s rays can age and harm our skin，they also give us beneficial Vitamin D．To make sure
you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin—put on sunscreen right as you head outside.It takes
sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working，and that’s plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day’s worth
of Vitamin D.
A．Fresh air cleans our lungs.
B．So what are you waiting for?
C．Being in nature refreshes us.
D．Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
【分析】 空格后一句说，虽然阳光会使我们的皮肤衰老并受到伤害，但阳光也能带来有益的维生素
D，这应该与上一句之间是转折关系，故空格处应填呼吸新鲜空气附带的好处，因此D项“呼吸新鲜空气
的另一个附带好处是阳光”符合语境，D项中的sunlight与空格后的the sun’s rays相呼应。故选D。
（3）例证关系
前后的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式具有多样性，思维过程基本是归纳(从例子到
观点)和推理(从观点到例子)。常见的表示例证关系的标志词有：for example，for instance，in fact/as a
matter of fact，actually，in other words/that is to say等。
【典例分析】
Never mind that most travelers nowadays have smart phones with built－in alarm clocks.__17__ Here are
some examples.At the Wolcott Hotel，if a wake－up call is unanswered，they will send an employee to your
door.At Las Ventanas al Paraiso，an employee shows up at your room to wake you up with tea，coffee and
breakfast bread.At the Mandarin Oriental，a person rather than an automated system will call to wake you up.
E．The hotel gets 15 to 30 requests for wake－up calls each day.
F．The human wake－up call is a way to personalize a guest’s stay.
G．Some guests sleep through the call，while others turn their phone ringers off.【分析】 由17空之后的“Here are some examples...”可知前后是例证关系。根据后面举的例子可知应该
选择F项“The human wake－up call is a way to personalize a guest’s stay.”
（4）解释关系
从逻辑意义上来看，句子与句子之间常常是解释关系，往往作者提出观点，紧接着对这个观点进行
解释说明。因此，把握文章结构，理清作者所表达的观点至关重要。
【典例分析】 (2018·全国卷Ⅱ)
__39__ Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the
evening.Exercise energizes you，so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very
excited.
A．You will stick to your diet.
B．Your quality of sleep improves.
C．You prefer healthy food to fast food.
【分析】 此处缺少一个主题句。空后句子解释了早起锻炼的人比晚上锻炼的人睡得更好。所选答案应
是对后面内容的总述。故选B。
（5）对比关系
若空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的对比比较，则空格处很有可能表示对比关系。表示对比关系的标志
词有：while，if not，some...others等。
【典例分析】 (2017·全国卷Ⅲ)
Keep a record and evaluate it weekly.Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel.After you’ve tried a
new method for a week，take a look at your record.__20__ If not，take another look at other methods you could
try.
E．If the steps you take are working，keep it up.
F．Stick to your set bedtime and wake－up time，no matter the day.
G．Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the cafe to get coffee.
【分析】 考查前后句的连贯。本段谈到对自己所做的计划要记录、评价和调整。本空后的“If not”说明
前面是讨论计划有效就应该坚持，因此选E。
（6）因果关系
表示因果关系的标志词有：so，therefore，thus，consequently(结果)，as a result (of)，so/such...that...，
so that...等。
【典例分析】 (2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)
Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes.Yet，the only one who cares about any mistake is the
one who is speaking.People’s attention wanders constantly.In fact.most people only absorb about 20 percent of aspeaker’s message.So，don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one.__18__
A．Do the opposite.
B．You want to be an effective public speaker.
C．You don’t need to apologize for a minor slip.
【分析】 根据上文中的“So，don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one.”
可知，当你犯错时不要停止演讲，除非是非常严重的错误。据此可以推知，空处承接上文，说明犯小错
误无需道歉，故C项正确。
（7）并列关系
表示并列关系的标志词有：similarly，and，first(ly)，second(ly)，first，then/next，finally/last，to
begin with，for one thing，for another thing等。
【典例分析】 (2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)
Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker.__19__ And like everything else in life ， that takes
practice.Remember，even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.
B．You want to be an effective public speaker.
C．You don’t need to apologize for a minor slip.
D．When it comes to public speaking，less is usually more.
【分析】 根据上文中的“Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker.”可知，你的目标不是成为一个完
美的演说家。据此可知，空处与此对应，说明自己的目标是要成为高效的演说家，故选B项。
【策略精练】
1
Two-way communication is a process by which two people or groups are able to communicate with each
other in a reciprocal（相互的）way. This means that one person or group expresses an idea, which is received by
the other person or group. 1
The basic idea behind two-way communication is that there are two parties involved and each one is able to
express itself and receive information from the other. 2 Radio or television is such an example.
3 Face-to-face contact occurs as two or more people are gathered together within the same space and
can talk to each other directly. Using the telephone to promote two-way communication can be quite effective.
Letters, emails and text messages also can be useful.
In marketing or public relations, there are two basic processes that are often referred to as two-way
communication. Asymmetric（不对称的）communication occurs between two parties. 4 This is typically
used when a large company expresses different ideas to the general public.
Symmetric two-way communication, on the other hand, occurs between two parties that are equals within theprocess. A company uses it to allow customers to provide feedback（反馈）. 5 Besides, it’s also
beneficial to the company.
A. This kind of communication has two forms.
B. This often allows the customer to feel more powerful.
C. One of them has more “control” over the process.
D. There are different ways people join in two-way communication.
E. The receiver returns with a message that is then received by the speaker.
F. A teacher uses it to encourage students to put forward their different opinions.
G. This is in contrast to communication in which only one party is able to express itself.
2
There was once a lonely girl who longed so much for love. One day while she was walking in the woods she
found two starving birds. 6 She cared them with love and the birds grew strong. Every morning they
greeted her with a wonderful song. The girl felt the great love from the birds.
7 . The larger and the stronger of the two birds flew from the cage. The girl was so frightened that he
would fly away. As he flew close, she grasped him wildly. Her heart felt glad at her success in capturing him. 8
. She opened her hand and stared in horror at the dead bird. Her desperate love had killed him.
She noticed the other bird moving back and forth on the edge of the cage. She could feel his great need for
freedom. He needed to fly into the clear, blue sky. 9 . The bird circled once, twice, three times.
The girl watched delightedly at the bird’s enjoyment. 10 . She wanted the bird to be happy. Suddenly
the bird flew closer and landed softly on her shoulder. It sang the sweetest songs that she had ever heard.
The fastest way to lose love is to hold on it too tight, while the best way to keep love is to give it wings!
A. Her heart was no longer concerned with her loss.
B. She gave them some delicious food and left.
C. One day she left with the two birds at home alone.
D. She took them home and put them in a small cage.
E. She lifted him from the cage and threw him softly into the air.
F. One day the girl left the door of the cage open.
G. Suddenly she felt the bird go softly.
3
Music is often targeted at teenagers. Because teenagers go through big changes and start making life-
affecting decisions in their teens, people naturally wonder what effects music has on teenagers. Does it lead to
violence? Help test scores? Teach them valuable lessons? 11Music can help students improve academic performance. Studying music involves math and science, so
students often improve in these areas. 12 According to a report, students who took part in music
performance scored 41 points higher in math than those who did not take part in music performance.
Being a teenager can be rough emotionally. Music is an especially emotional art form covering every type of
emotion. 13 As music is a way to express emotions, many teenagers might try to make their own music,
which can create healthy emotional expression.
14 Thus, listening to music can teach teenagers a lot about their own culture and other cultures. They
can learn musical traditions, musical instruments, history lessons and more. Plus, as listening to music is a fun
activity, this can often be a more interesting way to learn about a culture, rather than simply reading a textbook.
Music tastes and interests can often bring people together, especially teenagers. 15 As well, music is
often enjoyed at concerts and dance clubs where teenagers often hang out. Typically, the people attending these
concerts and dance clubs already share a common interest, so a connection can be easily made.
A. Music is often related with culture.
B. This improvement can benefit them in tests.
C. Music greatly improves teenagers,learning abilities.
D. While there are negative effects, there are many positive effects, too.
E. If they can find a song that matches their mood, they will feel comfortable.
F. Rap music presents a new vocabulary teenagers won't learn in an English class
G. Two teenagers who like the same style of music are easily to start up a friendship.
4
No one can be free from the sickening stress and anxiety from time to time. Not even that happy-go-lucky
guy you see walking down the street whistling “Always Look on the Bright Side of Life”, since they are a part of
the life. 16 . Listed here are proven ways to control stress and anxiety.
Breathe
Taking a long and deep breath to calm yourself in stressful situations isn’t just one of those old wives’ tales.
17 . Doctors say that slow, deep breathing can effectively cool down the angry blood that’s running around
your body, allowing your brain and body to return to their normal functions.
Walk
Many hearsay techniques for dealing with stress often raise a few eyebrows. But a whole host of scientific
evidence exists to suggest that walking is one of the best methods available. If you’re ever feeling the tension
building up in your brain and body, drop everything and simply go for a walk. 18 . Such a nice walk
provides your body with an ideal outlet for the build-up of energy that stress can create.Laugh
19 . But if you are able to squeeze out even the smallest laugh during your day, you’ll soon begin to
find that the effects of stress slowly slip away. When you laugh, the body releases happy hormones that ease
tension brought on by stress.
Friends
Surrounding yourself with the people you love can be half the battle to defeating stress. When you are
stressed, even sitting at home with a cup of tea with a friend can really help to relieve high levels of stress as it
focuses your mind onto something you love. Don’t hesitate to reach for the phone and ring your friends whenever
you feel stressed. 20 .
A. After all, that’s what friends are for
B. So your friends will feel relieved soon
C. It’s a medically proven stress-relief technique
D. What can be done is to find ways to deal with them
E. Remind yourself to walk slowly and breathe normally
F. Hearty laughs allow you to feel happy and healthy again
G. If you’re stressed, the last thing you probably feel like doing is laughing
5
Your values are your beliefs about what's right and wrong and what's important in life. 21
Also, they can be learned through watching your family and hearing their discussions about things they're
interested in.
22 When you know your values and make choices that are in agreement with them, life suddenly
becomes easier. After all, discovering your values can make important decisions, like accepting job or making a
big change, much easier. it's necessary to find out our personal values. To achieve this, you can start with what
you already know about yourself. 23 For example, if it's morally important for you to arrive at your
workplace in time and focus on your work, it'll be true that being an honest and efficient employee is a value you
carry.
What's more, your own experiences will be your best tool in realizing what's valuable to you. 24
Why were you so pleased? Think about when you were proud of yourself and why you felt that pride. Besides,
don't be afraid to look ahead: what values do you want to to your friends? 25
Once you've determined what your values are, it's important to look to them every day and live by them to
create your best life.
A. We make decisions based on our values every day.B. If you want others to value it, it is valuable to you
C. Some of these values are developed in your childhood.
D. Your values help determine what you truly want out of life.
E. For example, think back to a time when you were the happiest.
F. After all, your values have a direct impact on your standards of behavior.
G. Be patient with yourself and devote the time to discovering your values.
6
As a senior year student, you may have so many pressures coming from so many directions that you can’t
figure out what to do first.
26
When you have many things to do and a lot of demands on your time, you can lose sight of what’s important.
One of the best ways to see the big picture – what you want out of life – is to lay out your goals.
Pressure Points and How to Deal With Them
Confused or overwhelmed -- 27 . Discuss your concerns with a friend, parent or teacher. They may
help you find solutions to your problems and worries.
Being too hard on yourself – ease up, take a break and do something you enjoy. Daydream, read a book, go
out with friends – anything that helps you relax.
Problems, problems, problems – recognize your limits. It’s too stressful to try to deal with all your problems
at once. 28
Goal-Setting Tips
It’s important to remember that goals belong to you – not to your parents, your teachers, or your friends.
After you’ve set your goals, identify the skills you have to achieve those goals. 29 , do some research. Try
the library, your guidance adviser and teachers, and other people who could help you.
30 . If your goal is something you no longer want, change it. Identify the barriers to getting your goals.
Consider ways to overcome them. Don’t get depressed by a big, long-term goal – see what steps you can take to
achieve it and set those steps down as short-term, “do-able” goals.
A. Too much to do
B. If you’re not sure what skills you’ll need
C. talk to someone you trust
D. Goals exist to serve you
E. Balancing goals in life
F. Choose what’s most urgent and set aside the rest until laterG. As long as you know what skill is important and what isn’t
7
While you are studying or working abroad, sharing an apartment with people from other cultures is a great
way of getting the most out of a period of the beginning. 31 Here are some tips to make the process go
smoother.
Start by being aware of your own culture, values and attitudes. Understand that people who have not grown
up in the same country or context as you can sometimes translate some of your behavior in the wrong way.To
avoid this, seek advice from your friends and family to find out more about what type of person you are 32
You might also consider conducting a little research about what type of stereotypes (成见) other cultures might
hold about the people of your own country
33 Now that you know that people are all different, be understanding when you get to know
them,Try to be open-minded so that you can start off on the right foot.This will promote communication with
them. To get to know each other better, plan to spend some time doing what each of you likes to do in your spare
time. You can cook meals together, go out to the town, listen to music, take a weekend trip and plan some board
games.
Moreover,the other person might be from a place where People do not usually do these activities. The
opportunities to learn from each other are endless, 34
People are more similar than you think most of the time. We grow up in such a large world with so much
information everywhere and sometimes we can be misled into thinking something that we should not believe, but
we have the opportunity to make up our own minds. 35 You don’t know where people come from and
what their story is.
A. So be kind.
B. Be understanding and patient.
C. This is a situation to which it will take some time to adapt.
D. but sometimes it can take some initiative to actually make it happen.
E. and what you might come across when it comes to people who don't know you.
F. And this is what you may encounter.
G. Don’t be shy.
8
Being honest may not get you a lot of friends, but it will get you the right ones. That’s true, so you should
pursue authentic positivity in your friendships, the opposite of toxic (有毒的) positivity that would have you
encouraging friends in all things, regardless of what you might feel or observe or know about the challenges oflife. 36
1. Ask questions.
A feature of authentic positivity is a curious mindset, a mentality where you are less locked into “telling it
like it is” and more interested in wondering and exploring the possibilities together with your friend. 37
If your friendship has a history of welcome advice-giving, your question could be “Are you looking for ideas, or
do you just want me to listen?”
2. 38
“That’s so disappointing” is sometimes the most positive thing you can say to your friend when they are
struggling. Resisting the urge to say “It’s all going to work out; don’t worry” shows your friend that you see them
in their pain, and that you are available to support them here and now. 39 You can use “yes/and”
statements like “What happened at work is so frustrating—AND I know how creative you are, so you’ll find a
way to move forward.”
3. Learn to apologize —and ask for an apology.
40 That includes you, too. Being authentic in a friendship means having the freedom to say to a
friend, “I’m sorry I hurt you.” It also means being able to say, “Your words/ actions hurt me.” Friendships that
stand the test of time have room for mistakes, and for repair.
A. Name hard truths.
B. Don’t disappoint your friend.
C. Every friend misses the mark sometimes.
D. Instead, friends should be authentic and positive.
E. Here are three ways to be an authentically positive friend.
F. But that doesn’t mean you need to focus on the negative all the time.
G. Positive friends ask each other questions, and listen deeply to the answers.
9
Barbecue is a tradition as old as the US itself .The first president of the US, George Washington, once wrote
about going to a lovely barbecue. 41
In the northern region, the word "barbecue" means "cooking something on a grill''. It could be burgers, hot
dogs or potatoes. In North Carolina, barbecue means “smoked pork shoulder", 42 If I crossed the border
to South Carolina, I'd see them smoke an entire pig in a hole in the ground .
In the western half of the state, folks prefer a sweet-and-sour barbecue sauce made with ketchup, while
people in the eastern half like a sauce made of boiled vinegar. We used to travel around the US, giving samples to
the public. But some people in Lumberton refused the free samples. 43 One guy even stood around toargue with us.
44 When my brother got married, we celebrated with barbecue .When I graduated from school, we
celebrated with barbecue. When I go home to visit my friends and family, we celebrate with barbecue.
But it's not just my family. At churches, schools, offices and house parties, barbecue is the first, thing many
people think of when we need to feed as many as 50 people. 45 It means getting out of doors, in good
weather, to eat with your friends and good neighbors.
Whether we are from a big city or a tiny town, people in the US can agree on one thing: We love barbecue-
whatever that is.
A. But people in the US argue about almost anything
B. They were upset that the sauce wasn't yellow.
C. We have our own brand of barbecue sauce.
D. Other places in the US have different ideas of barbecue
E. Barbecue means more than just meat.
F. But Americans can't agree on what barbecue is.
G. You can probably see that barbecue is important in my family.
10
Going to outer space is a little like going camping. You have to carry with you all the food and equipment
you need for your trip, so your food can’t be too heavy or hard to prepare. 46 Food with all the water
dried out is lightweight and doesn’t spoil. So, many space foods are dried on Earth and stored in special packets.
On Earth, gravity is the force that keeps your feet on the ground and your sandwich on your plate. 47
. To keep food from floating away, astronauts on the Space Shuttle attach the packets to a special tray. The tray
can be fixed to a wall or to the astronaut’s lap. To prepare their food, astronauts use liquid forms of salt and
pepper. The liquid sticks to the food better. Regular salt and pepper would float away, maybe up an astronaut’s
nose. Achoo!
48 . So astronauts drink everything from a small bag with a straw (饮料吸管) that can be closed.
Astronauts say that most space foods taste pretty good.
Some, such as apples and pudding are the same as the foods you eat on Earth. Astronauts eat tortillas (玉米
粉圆饼) instead of bread because they make fewer crumbs(碎屑). 49 .
Your body uses food in space the same way it does on Earth. 50 . During take off and landing,
astronauts can’t leave their seats to go to the bathroom. They wear diapers (尿布) under their spacesuits instead.
The Space Shuttle has a bathroom the size of a small closet. The toilet has bars that keep astronauts from floating
away. A strong flow of air is used instead of water to flush waste down the toilet. Back on Earth it’s flushed away—or sometimes studied by scientists.
A. But there’s no gravity in space
B. Liquids float right out of cups and glasses
C. Your body must get rid of waste in space too
D. Crumbs can not be dealt with in outer space
E. In addition, everything seems to be different in outer space
F. Besides, there are no refrigerators to keep food cold and fresh
G. With them floating, they could get stuck in equipment or an astronaut’s eye
11
What a comedian can teach you about managing stress
We often accept stress as part of the cost of modern life, but it really doesn’t have to be. We all know that
laughter is the best medicine. 51 People who can laugh at their own misfortunes bounce back faster and
stronger. Here is what a comedian says about coping with stress.
You can try to find a different perspective. 52 Once a friend of mine fell asleep in the middle of a
class. His teacher decided to make fun of him by inviting students to applaud, wondering whether my friend
would applaud along when he woke up. He did and the whole class burst outlaughing. After learning everything,
he was both embarrassed and ashamed of course but after a while, my friend laughed. “If this had happened to
someone else, it would have been amusing. So it’s no less funny, just because it happened to me. “
53 There’s no doubt that we all experience great stress now and then. We’ve all been personally
affected, in some way. You might not have felt like laughing at the time But now, looking back, you could
consider all of the strange aspects of the experience and all of the things you did to keep active or simply stay sane
(神志正常的) .
When you share stories with your friends, you can choose to share stories of trauma (创伤) and pain, or you
can choose to lift their spirits with stories of hope and growth. 54 Take the exact same story and change
the focus from “feel sorry for me” to “laugh with me”. Keep in mind that we’re all in this together, that we all
share the same ridiculous experiences, and that we can laugh together at whatever life throws at us. 55
A. Always share a good story.
B. Why not do what comedians do?
C. You can also look again and laugh.
D. But laughter does more than cheer you up.
E. Then you are able to make a simple choice.
F. In this way. you will say goodbye to stress forever.G. If you have trouble seeing the funny side, you may find the following inspiring.
12
Digital technologies are taking up too much of our time and attention. Many of us will spend a significant
part of our lives staring at screens, missing out on satisfying relationships and feeling more emotional pain. For
many years, we’ve been taught that the solution to this potential harm is some form of digital detox (脱瘾), which
mainly shows us what not to do after our digital addiction. 56 Try the following three steps to achieve
balance in your and your family’s digital life:
Determine your problem times
Identify the times and situations when being on screens is making your life worse. It could be when you are
streaming a TV series right before bed, feeling depressed afterward and losing hours of sleep. Or you could be
getting stuck on your device at the dinner table and end up getting distracted. 57 Identify your top two
or three problem situations.
58
Once you identify the pain points, for example, scrolling (滚动浏览) on TikTok for hours keeps you from
sleeping and makes you feel depressed afterward), ask yourself: What is screen time replacing and what goals is it
serving? In other words, what are you actually hungry for? You might be endlessly scrolling because you want to
feel uplifted at the end of the day. Write down the things you really want.
Try a substitute
59 It’s crucial to pick something that consistently makes you feel good. For example, if your goal is
social connection, make plans for a nice meal with a friend or take that weekly meeting in person rather than via
Zoom. If your goal is inspiration, schedule time for oil painting, reading historical fiction or whatever it is that
uplifts you. 60 And at last, you will become empowered, healthy and wise digital citizens.
A. Identify your true desire.
B. Determine your pain points.
C. Pretty soon, these replacements will make you feel more satisfied.
D. But the only way to truly gain control is to take positive steps in advance.
E. Or maybe you are inefficient at work because you’re doing too much online shopping.
F. Ask yourself how you can meet those needs through something other than screen time.
G. If your digital life is out of balance, reducing time on devices is an important first step.
13
If you’ve done your last year of school but are not yet ready to settle down to life at university or college,
why not think about taking a break and having a gap year? Over 200,000 people between the ages of 18 and 25did this last year.
61 You will become more confident and independent and learn to get on with all sorts of different
people during the year, which will help you when you go to university or college. 62 Students who have
had a gap year are more likely to be satisfied with their chosen courses and, therefore, are more likely to finish
them.
63 Doing voluntary work overseas is one of the most rewarding ways of spending your gap year. If
you don’t want to work, there are plenty of other exciting educational possibilities to consider. How about
studying art history in Italy? Perhaps you would like to take up acting and want to try a drama course in your gap
year. 64 Maybe it has always been your dream to visit China, or India or even Australia.
Of course, you don’t have to leave home. The key to a constructive gap year is to learn new skills and work
out what you want to do with your life. You can do this just as easily in your own country as you can on the other
side of the world. 65 .
A. There are many reasons to take a gap year.
B. The universities actively encourage gap year.
C. What are the most common types of gap year?
D. Having a gap year can help gain relevant work experience and key skills.
E. There are plenty of established volunteering project you can research online.
F. Perhaps you would rather just fill your backpack and go off on an adventure.
G. Employers will often ask you what you gained from the year, not where you went.
14
How to Arrange Your Poems for a Poetry Collection
A collection of poems is an excellent way to display your work. Here are a few tips on how to arrange your
poems for a poetry collection.
Find a unifying theme or form. Many successful poetry collections will present a unified theme and include
poems that speak to this theme. 66 . For example, if you realize many of your poems discuss nature, you
can use nature as the theme and ensure each poem relates to this theme. You may also notice that many of your
poems follow a specific poetic form, such as the cinquain or the haiku. 67 .
Have a narrative are (叙事弧). The collection should feel like it has a beginning, middle, and end. You
should start somewhere and end up somewhere else. 68 . It may end with a resolution of some kind or a
conclusion. Think about how each poem sets a certain mood or tone. Then place them side by side.
Link certain poems together. You can also try linking your poems together so they make sense on a micro
level. This is often done with poems that feel more emotional and abstract. 69 . For example, you maycombine several poems based on a repeated line or an image they all share.
70 . Like the first line of a novel, the first poem in your collection is crucial. It will tell your readers
what they can expect from the collection and attract them to continue reading. So remember to have your most
powerful poem as the first poem in your collection.
A. Identify your favorite poems
B. Put your strongest poem first
C. Leave out poems that do not fit with the whole
D. You may connect poems based on wording or images
E. This will allow readers to connect to the collection as a whole
F. The goal should be to take the reader on an emotional journey
G. Then you can use this form as the unifier and only include poems using this form
15
As early as the twelfth century AD, the settlements of Chaco Canyon in Mexico in the American Southwest
were notable for “their great houses” massive stone buildings that contain hundreds of rooms and often stand three
or four stories high. 71 While there is still no universally agreed upon explanation, there are three
competing theories.
One theory holds that the Chaco structures were purely residential. 72 Supporters of this theory
have interpreted Chaco great houses as earlier versions of the architecture seen in more recent Southwest
societies. In particular, the Chaco houses appear strikingly similar to the large, well known “apartment buildings”
at Taos, New Mexico, in which many people have been living for centuries.
73 One of the main crops of the Chaco people was grain maize, which could be stored for long
periods of time without spoiling and could serve as a long-lasting supply of food. The supplies of maize had to be
stored somewhere. 74
A third theory proposes that houses were used as ceremonial centers. Close to one house, called Pueblo Alto,
excavations of the mound revealed deposits containing a surprisingly large number of broken pots. 75 .
At the ceremonies, they ate festive meals and then discarded the pots in which the meals has been prepared or
served.
A. Almost every structure houses hundreds of people.
B. Some experts think the Chaco structures were used to store food supplies.
C. Archaeologists have been trying to determine how the buildings were used.
D. The size of the great houses would make them very suitable for the purpose.
E. Such ceremonies have been documented for other Native American cultures.F. Archaeologists identified an enormous mound formed by a pile of old material.
G. This finding has been interpreted that people gathered at Pueblo Alto for special ceremonies.
