第1页/共16页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
2025 学年第一学期八年级建平西校月考1
Part 2 Phonetics, Vocabulary and Grammar
(第二部分 语音、词汇和语法)
I. Fill in the blanks according to the phonetic transcriptions.（根据音标填空）
1. The reforms will bring ________ /ˈbenɪfɪts/, socially and politically.
【答案】benefits
【解析】
【详解】句意：改革将在社会和政治上带来好处。根据音标提示可知英文表达为benefits，意为“益处”，
复数形式表示“多个益处”。故填benefits。
2. ________ /ˈteknɪkl/ support can be provided through a third-party organization.
【答案】Technical
【解析】
【详解】句意：技术支持可通过第三方机构提供。根据音标可知，单词为形容词technical“技术的”，作定
语。位于句首，首字母大写。故填Technical。
3. Unfortunately, no one took my ________ /əˈpɪnjən/ seriously.
【答案】opinion
【解析】
【详解】句意：不幸的是，没有人认真对待我的意见。根据音标可知，此处是名词opinion“意见”，名词
作宾语。故填opinion。
II. Choose the best answer.（选择最佳答案）
4. Your advice has been ________ great help to me in my English learning.
A. a
B. an
C. the
D. /
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：你的建议对我的英语学习有很大帮助。
考查冠词用法。a 一个，不定冠词表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an 一个，不定冠词表泛指，用于
元音音素开头的单词前；the 这个，定冠词表特指；/零冠词。help 通常为不可数名词，但在此处“be a
great help”是固定搭配，意为“是一个很大的帮助”，因此使用不定冠词a。故选A。
5. —When shall we meet again next week?
—________ day is possible. It’s no problem with me.
A. Either
B. Neither
C. Every
D. Any
【答案】D
第2页/共16页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
【解析】
【详解】句意：——我们下周什么时候再见面？——任何一天都可以。我都没问题。
考查代词辨析。Either 两者中的任何一个；Neither 两者都不；Every 每一个；Any 任何一个。根据答语
“It’s no problem with me”可知，说话人表示任何一天都可以，且“any”常用于肯定句表示泛指，符合语境。
故选D。
6. We need more ________ to understand how AI can help us in language learning.
A. review
B. research
C. opinion
D. article
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：为了了解人工智能在语言教学中能帮助我们什么，我们需要更多的研究。
考查名词辨析。review 复习；research 研究；opinion 观点；article 文章。根据“to understand how AI can
help us in language learning”可知，此处指做更多的研究来了解，此空意为“研究”。故选B。
7. The poor lady walked from house to house, ________ for some money.
A. to ask
B. have asked
C. asking
D. asked
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：这位可怜的女士挨家挨户地走，讨要一些钱。
考查非谓语动词。根据“The poor lady walked from house to house, ...for some money.”以及选项可知，应用
现在分词形式asking，作伴随状语，表示主动的、与主句动作同时发生的伴随动作。故选C。
8. Carlo Urbani was the first doctor to warn the world ________ the disease that became known as SARS. He also
warned people not ________ the harm of it.
A. about; ignore
B. of; to ignore
C. about; to ignore
D. of; ignoring
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：Carlo Urbani 是第一位警告世界关于后来被称为SARS 的疾病的医生。他还警告人们不要忽
视它的危害。
考查动词短语和动词不定式。warn sb of 强调警告潜在的危险或威胁；warn sb about 强调警告的具体内容或
细节 (如疾病、事件等)。根据“warn the world...the disease that became known as SARS”可知，题干中指的
是“警告世界关于SARS 这种疾病”，涉及具体事物 (SARS)，因此用“about”更贴切；warn sb not to do
sth 意为“警告某人不要做某事”，因此第二个空处应用不定式。故选C。
9. Christine wears a red dress today. She looks as ________ as a Barbie doll.
A. beautifully
B. likely
C. lovely
D. softly
第3页/共16页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：Christine 今天穿了一件红色的连衣裙。她看起来像芭比娃娃一样可爱。
考查形容词用法以及形容词辨析。beautifully 漂亮地，副词；likely 可能的，形容词；lovely 可爱的，形容
词；softly 柔软地，副词。looks 后加形容词作表语，排除A、D；根据“as a Barbie doll”可知应是像芭比娃
娃一样可爱。故选C。
10. Carl decided to ________ early in the morning to beat the traffic and enjoy the scenic journey.
A. set off
B. take off
C. turn off
D. switch off
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：卡尔决定一大早就出发，避开交通拥堵，享受沿途风景优美的旅程。
考查动词短语辨析。set off 出发，启程；take off 起飞；turn off 关掉；switch off 关掉。根据句意可知，卡尔
是为了避开交通拥堵，享受沿途风景优美的旅程，决定一大早就“出发”，故选A。
11. Please tell Daisy to call me as soon as she ________ back to Shanghai tomorrow afternoon.
A. comes
B. has come
C. will come
D. came
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：请告诉Daisy 明天下午一回到上海就给我打电话。
考查动词时态。在时间状语从句中，如果主句是祈使句或一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时表示将来。本
句中“as soon as”引导时间状语从句，主句是祈使句，因此从句用一般现在时，主语“she”是第三人称单数，
动词用第三人称单数形式comes。故选A。
12. That tech company always develops amazing new products to keep customers ________.
A. excite
B. exciting
C. excited
D. excitement
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：那家科技公司总是开发出令人惊叹的新产品，让顾客兴奋不已。
考查形容词作宾补。excite 使兴奋，动词；exciting 令人兴奋的，形容词，修饰物；excited 感到兴奋的，形
容词，修饰人；excitement 兴奋，名词。根据“keep customers”可知，此处应指让顾客感到兴奋，因此应用
形容词excited 作宾语补足语。故选C。
13. While the man ________ at the picture, the thief ________ his watch.
A. looked; was
B. looked; stole
C. was looking; stole
D. was looking; was
stealing
第4页/共16页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：当那个人在看着照片时，贼偷了他的手表。
考查动词时态。while 引导的时间状语从句强调一个持续动作作为背景，从句动作用过去进行时 (was
looking)，主句动作用一般过去时 (stole)，表示在持续动作中发生的短暂动作。A 项“looked; was”中
“was”不完整，语法错误；B 项从句用一般过去时，不符合while 的典型用法；D 项主句用过去进行时，但
“偷”是短暂动作，通常不用进行时。故选C。
14. —May I hand in the plan of the project tomorrow?
—Yes, of course. You ________ give it to me today.
A. shouldn’t
B. needn’t
C. mustn’t
D. can’t
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：我明天可以提交项目计划吗？——是的，当然。你今天不必给我。
考查情态动词。shouldn’t 不应该；needn’t 不必；mustn’t 禁止；can’t 不能。根据“May I hand in the plan of
the project tomorrow?”以及“Yes, of course.”可知，此处指允许对方明天提交项目计划，即对方今天不必给
自己，B 项符合。故选B。
15. I’ll be able to finish the project on time ________ there are unexpected delays.
A. when
B. because
C. unless
D. though
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：除非出现意外延误，否则我能按时完成这个项目。
考查从属连词辨析。when 当……时；because 因为；unless 除非；though 尽管。根据“to finish the project
on time…there are unexpected delays.”可知，此处指的是“除非”出现意外延误，否则我能按时完成这个项
目，用unless 引导状语从句。故选C。
16. ________ extreme weather conditions many countries have experienced in recent years!
A. How
B. What
C. What a
D. What an
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：近年来许多国家都经历了多么极端
天气状况啊！
考查感叹句。根据“... extreme weather conditions many countries have experienced in recent years!”可知，此
句为感叹句，感叹句有两种结构，what 修饰名词或名词短语，结构为“What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语
+谓语！”；how 修饰形容词或副词，结构为“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！”。本句中“extreme
第5页/共16页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
weather conditions”是名词短语，且“conditions”是复数形式，所以应该用what 来引导感叹句，不需要冠词。
故选B。
17. You must have ________ the book ________.
A. forgotten; somewhere else
B. left; somewhere else
C. left; somewhere other
D. forgotten; anywhere else
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：你一定把书忘在别处了。
考查动词辨析和地点副词用法。forgotten 忘记（某事）；left 遗忘（在某个地方）；somewhere else 别的地
方，通常用于肯定句；somewhere other 错误表达；anywhere else 其他任何地方，通常用于否定句或疑问句。
第一空描述书的去向（位置），应用left；该句为肯定句，第二空应用somewhere else。故选B。
18. Facts show that 30 percent of the patients in his hospital ________ from hunger for months after the
earthquake.
A. suffered
B. were suffering
C. have suffered
D. has suffered
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：事实表明，地震发生后，他所在医院30%的患者数月来一直处于饥饿状态。
考查动词时态。主语“30 percent of the patients”为复数，D 项has suffered 主谓不一致，排除；C 项have
suffered 为现在完成时，不能与具体过去时间状语after the earthquake 连用；B 项were suffering 为过去进行
时，强调过去正在进行，但suffer from hunger 表示持续状态，且for months 表示一段时间，进行时不适用
A 项suffered 为一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作或状态，符合句意。故选A。
19. Our English teacher always encourages us ________ questions in his class.
A. ask
B. asking
C. to ask
D. asked
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：我们的英语老师一直鼓励我们在他的课堂上问问题。
考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。encourage sb to do sth“鼓励某人做某事”，此处应用动词不定式作宾语补足
语。故选C。
20. Our school is only ________ walk from here.
A. ten-minute
B. ten minute’s
C. ten minutes
D. ten minutes’
【答案】D
【解析】
第6页/共16页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
【详解】句意：我们学校离这里只有十分钟的步行路程。
考查名词所有格用法。ten-minute 十分钟的，复合形容词，作定语时需与a 连用，如a ten-minute walk；ten
minute’s 语法错误；ten minutes 十分钟；ten minutes’十分钟的。此处应用名词所有格形式，修饰walk，D
项符合。故选D。
21. After so many years living in England, Wang is used to ________ on the left side of the road.
A. driving
B. driven
C. drive
D. drove
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：在英国生活了这么多年后，王习惯于在路的左边开车。
考查动名词作宾语。根据句意可知，本题考查be used to doing sth“习惯于做某事”，空格上需填动名词作
宾语。故空格上填driving，故选A。
22. Make sure your phone is ________ the Wi-Fi.
A. connect with
B. connected to
C. connect to
D. connected with
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：确保你的手机连接到Wi-Fi。
考查被动语态和固定搭配。connect with 与……联系，动词原形，不符合语法；connected to 连接到，为固
定短语，常用于设备与网络的连接；connect to 连接到，动词原形，不能用于be 动词后；connected with
与……连接，多用于抽象关系，不适用于网络连接场景。根据“Make sure your phone is...the Wi-Fi.”可知，
此处表示手机“被连接”，“is”后需接过去分词表示被动状态，故选B。
23. —Would you like to go to the youth centre with me tomorrow?
—________. I can’t wait to see the robot show there.
A. It doesn’t matter
B. Sure, I’d love to
C. Sorry, I’m busy
D. Not at all
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——明天你愿意和我一起去青年中心吗？ ——当然，我很乐意。我迫不及待地想去看那
里的机器人秀。
考查情境交际。It doesn’t matter 没关系；Sure, I’d love to 当然，我很乐意；Sorry, I’m busy 抱歉，我很忙；
Not at all 一点也不。根据“I can’t wait to see the robot show there.”可知，应答者迫不及待地想去看，因此应
表示“乐意去”。故选B。
III. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.（用所给单词的适当形
式完成句子）
第7页/共16页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
24. As soldiers, you have to obey ________. (order)
【答案】orders
【解析】
【详解】句意：作为士兵，你们必须服从命令。根据“As soldiers, you have to obey... .”以及所给单词可知，
此处是指服从命令。order“命令”，用复数形式，表示泛指。故填orders。
25. Although John’s idea was creative, ________ proved to be more practical. (we)
【答案】ours
【解析】
【详解】句意：尽管约翰的想法很有创意，但我们的被证明更实用。由于“proved”是谓语动词，其前是
主语，由“proved to be more practical”和所给提示词可知，此空填“ours”，名词性物主代词，表示“我
们的”，在句中作主语。故填ours。
26. Mr. Baker is still very strong in his ______ and often goes out for a walk. (ninety)
【答案】nineties
【解析】
【详解】句意：贝克先生九十多岁了还很强壮，经常出去散步。根据空前“in his”可知，此处考查in his
nineties“在他90 多岁时”，固定用法。故填nineties。
27. It’s really ________ for Jack, a child of three, to take good care of himself. (possible)
【答案】impossible
【解析】
【详解】句意：杰克，一个三岁的孩子，要好好照顾自己，实在是不可能。possible 可能的，形容词，根
据“It’s really...for Jack, a child of three, to take good care of himself”可知一个三岁的孩子照顾自己不太可能，
be 动词后用形容词作表语，即impossible“不可能的”。故填impossible。
28. The smart stick makes life easier for the ________. (able)
【答案】disabled
【解析】
【详解】句意：这根智能手杖让残疾人的生活更便利。able“有能力的”，形容词；根据“smart stick”和提
示词可知，智能手杖的服务对象是残疾人，“the+形容词”表示一类人，the disabled“残疾人”，
disabled“残疾的”，为形容词。故填disabled。
29. One of the ________ of living in the city is the high cost of living. (advantage)
【答案】disadvantages
【解析】
【详解】句意：住在城市的缺点之一是生活成本高。advantage“优点”，根据“the high cost of living”可知，
第8页/共16页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
是住在城市的缺点，用advantage 的否定形式disadvantage，one of+可数名词复数，表示“……之一”。故
填disadvantages。
30. The workers kept ________ to the boss about the unsafe working conditions. (complaint)
【答案】complaining
【解析】
【详解】句意：工人们不断向老板抱怨工作条件不安全。complaint“抱怨”，名词，根据“kept”和“to the
boss”可知，此处考查固定搭配“keep doing sth.”（持续做某事）以及“complain to sb. about sth.”（向某人
抱怨某事），所以横线处需填动词complain 的动名词形式complaining。故填complaining。
IV. Complete the following sentences as required.（按要求完成下列句子）
31. Tony hid his book under his jacket to keep it dry. (改为否定句)
Tony ________ ________ his book under his jacket to keep it dry.
【答案】 ① didn’t
.
②hide
【解析】
【详解】句意：Tony 把书藏在夹克下面以保持它是干的。原句为一般过去时的肯定句，且含有实义动词
“hid”，改为否定句需要在谓语动词前加助动词did not，缩写为didn’t，并将动词“hid”恢复为原形hide。
故填didn’t；hide。
32. Many young parents realize the influence of their actions on the children. (保持句意基本不变)
Many young parents are ________ ________ the influence of their actions on the children.
【答案】 ①. aware
.
②of
【解析】
【详解】句意：许多年轻父母意识到他们的行为对孩子的影响。原句中realize 表示“意识到”，可以用
“be aware of”来替换，两者都表示“认识到、意识到”。故填aware；of。
33. The man’s praise encouraged Yiming a lot. (改为反义疑问句)
The man’s praise encouraged Yiming a lot, ________ ________?
【答案】 ①. didn’t
.
②it
【解析】
【详解】句意：那个男人的表扬极大地鼓励了奕铭。根据“The man’s praise encouraged Yiming a lot”可知，
陈述部分为肯定句，反义疑问句遵循“前肯后否”原则，疑问部分为否定句。陈述部分谓语动词是实义动
词“encouraged”，此句时态为一般过去时，反义疑问部分需借助助动词didn’t；陈述部分主语“The man’s
praise”是第三人称单数，疑问部分用it 代替，作主语。故填didn’t；it。
34. I was curious about why stars twinkle. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ you curious about?
第9页/共16页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
【答案】 ①. What
.
②were
【解析】
【详解】句意：我对星星为什么会闪烁感到好奇。划线部分是好奇的事情，即事物内容，对事物内容提问
用what，位于句首，首字母大写。原句含有be 动词“was”，疑问句需将“was”提前并改为were，与
“you”搭配使用。故填What；were。
35. The students are wondering when they should hand in the project paper. (改为简单句)
The students are wondering ________ ________ hand in the project paper.
【答案】 ①. when
.
②to
【解析】
【详解】句意：学生们在想他们应该什么时候交专题论文。句中when 引导的宾语从句改为简单句可以用
“疑问词（when）+不定式（to hand）”来替换。故填when；to。
36. lost necklace, the police, her, with the help of, found, Mrs. White（连词成句）
___________________________.
【答案】Mrs. White found her lost necklace with the help of the police
【解析】
【详解】根据所给标点可知，此句为陈述句，分析所给单词，Mrs. White 作主语；found 作谓语；
her lost necklace 作宾语；with the help of 做状语；the police 作“of”的宾语。故填Mrs. White
found her lost necklace with the help of the police“在警察的帮助下，怀特夫人找到了她丢失的项链”。
Part 3 Reading and Writing
VI. Reading comprehension
A. Choose the best answer
Healthy impact of sunflower seeds
Sunflower seeds（葵花籽）are rich in vitamin E. The vitamin is an antioxidant（抗氧化剂）
that helps prevent cancer, heart disease, eye problems and possibly aging（衰老）.
The strength of seeds
One serving of sunflower seeds gives you 14 milligrams（毫克）of vitamin E. Experts say
people need 15 milligrams of vitamin E every day!
28g of sunflower seeds: 14 mg of vitamin E
Vitamin E needed each day: 15 mg of vitamin E
How to serve
第10页/共16页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
Eat alone as a snack, on top of salads, in bread, and in vegetable dishes.
Sources: World's Healthiest
Foods. Discovery Health, TNS
37. Sunflower seeds have ________.
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin B
C. Vitamin C
D. Vitamin E
38. The vitamin in sunflowers can NOT ________.
A. prevent cancer
B. make people's bone stronger
C. protect people from heart disease
D. make people's eyes healthier
39. One serving of sunflowers seeds weighs ________.
A. 28mg
B. 28g
C. 14mg
D. 14g
40. To get enough vitamin E, we should eat ________ sunflower sees every day.
A. 14mg
B. 28g
C. 15mg
D. 30g
41. It is a good way to ________.
A. eat sunflower seeds with vegetables
B. put sunflower seeds in water first
C. bake sunflower seeds in an oven
D. eat sunflower seeds along with other snacks
42. We can find this information ________.
A. in a story book
B. on the website of local government
C. in a health magazine
D. on an advertisement board
【答案】37. D 38. B 39. B 40. D 41. A 42. C
【解析】
【分析】本文介绍了葵花籽的营养成分及食用建议。
【37 题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Sunflower seeds（葵花籽）are rich in vitamin E”，可知，葵花籽有维生素E，故选D。
【38 题详解】
细节理解题。根据“ The vitamin is an antioxidant（抗氧化剂） that helps prevent cancer, heart disease, eye
problems and possibly aging”可知，维生素是一种抗氧化剂，有助于预防癌症、心脏病、眼部问题和可能的
衰老，没有提到让骨骼变得更强壮，故选B。
【39 题详解】
推理判断题。根据“One serving of sunflower seeds gives you 14 milligrams（毫克）of vitamin E”及“28g of
sunflower seeds: 14 mg of vitamin E”，可知，一份葵花籽可以提供14 毫克的维生素E，28g 的葵花籽有14
毫克的维生素E，那么一份葵花籽重28g，故选B。
第11页/共16页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
【40 题详解】
推理判断题。根据“28g of sunflower seeds: 14 mg of vitamin E”及“Experts say people need 15 milligrams of
vitamin E every day”可知，28g 的葵花籽有14mg 的维生素E，2g 的葵花籽就有1mg 的维生素E，人们每天
需要15mg 的维生素E，那就是15*2=30，人们每天吃30g 的葵花籽就可以得到足够的维生素E，故选D。
【41 题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Eat alone as a snack, on top of salads, in bread, and in vegetable dishes”，可知，和蔬菜一
起吃葵花籽是一种很好的方式，故选A。
【42 题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Sources: World's Healthiest Foods. Discovery Health, TNS”及通读全文可知，本文介绍了
葵花籽的营养成分及食用建议，这与健康有关，故选C。
B. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage
Animals can move from place to place, but plants cannot. When an animal is under attack, it can run away or
____43____. Plants certainly cannot run away, and they lack teeth and claws. But plants can defend (保护) themselves
by using both physical and chemical means.
Some plants have their own ways to keep animals ____44____. For example, the leaves of the holly plant have
sharp spines (刺) that discourage grass-eating animals. Holly leaves on lower branches have more spines than leaves
on upper branches. This is because the lower leaves are ____45____ for most animals to reach.
Some plants, such as the oak tree, have thick and hard leaves that are ____46____ for animals to eat. Some
grasses may contain a sandy material; eating such grasses wears down the animal’s teeth.
Some plants produce chemicals that taste bitter or cause an unpleasant reaction. Many plants also have chemical
defenses. Some plants may fight against a(n) ____47____ by increasing the production of these chemicals. When a
caterpillar (毛虫) bites a tobacco leaf, the leaf produces a chemical messenger. This messenger sends to the roots the
information to produce more nicotine. The higher levels of nicotine discourage the caterpillar.
Many plants ____48____ both physical and chemical defenses. A certain plant in China, for instance, has
prickly (多刺的) leaves, and each prickle contains poisonous venom (毒液). A single experience with this kind of
plant will teach an animal to stay away from it in the future.
43. A. calm down
B. come back
C. fall asleep
D. fight back
44. A. away
B. warm
C. safe
D. crazy
45. A. sweeter
B. easier
C. bigger
D. greener
46. A. important
B. convenient
C. difficult
D. delicious
47. A. attack
B. illness
C. storm
D. flood
48. A. pay for
B. learn from
C. search for
D. depend on
第12页/共16页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
【答案】43 D 44. A 45. B 46. C 47. A 48. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述植物虽然不能像动物一样移动，但它们可以通过物理和化学手
段来保护自己免受动物的攻击。
【43 题详解】
句意：当动物受到攻击时，它可以逃跑或反击。
calm down 冷静下来；come back 回来；fall asleep 入睡；fight back 反击。根据“When an animal is under
attack, it can run away or...”可知，动物受到攻击时，要么逃跑要么反击。故选D。
【44 题详解】
句意：有些植物有它们自己的方法来驱赶动物。
away 离开；warm 温暖的；safe 安全的；crazy 疯狂的。根据“Some plants have their own ways to keep
animals...”以及下文“the leaves of the holly plant have sharp spines (刺) that discourage grass-eating animals.”可
知，此处指植物用一些方法来驱赶动物，keep...away 表示“使……远离”。故选A。
【45 题详解】
句意：这是因为较低的叶子对大多数动物来说更容易够到。
sweeter 更甜的；easier 更容易的；bigger 更大的；greener 更绿的。根据“Holly leaves on lower branches
have more spines than leaves on upper branches.”以及“This is because the lower leaves are...for most animals to
reach.”可知，下枝的叶子比上枝的叶子刺多，因为较低的叶子对大多数动物来说更容易够到，所以刺更多。
故选B。
【46 题详解】
句意：一些植物，如橡树，有又厚又硬的叶子，动物很难吃。
important 重要的；convenient 方便的；difficult 困难的；delicious 美味的。根据“Some plants, such as the oak
tree, have thick and hard leaves that are...for animals to eat.”可知，橡树的叶子又厚又硬，动物很难吃。故选
C。
【47 题详解】
句意：一些植物可能会通过增加这些化学物质的产量来对抗攻击。
attack 攻击；illness 疾病；storm 暴风雨；flood 洪水。根据“Some plants may fight against a(n)...by increasing
the production of these chemicals.”以及下文“When a caterpillar (毛虫) bites a tobacco leaf, the leaf produces a
chemical messenger.”可知，此处指植物通过增加化学物质的产量来对抗动物的攻击。故选A。
【48 题详解】
句意：许多植物依靠物理和化学防御。
pay for 支付；learn from 从……学习；search for 寻找；depend on 依靠。根据“Many plants...both physical
第13页/共16页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
and chemical defenses.”以及上文“But plants can defend (保护) themselves by using both physical and chemical
means.”可知，植物依靠物理和化学手段来保护自己。故选D。
C.
Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words
It was August in Paris. Most people were out of the city, enjoying their summer holiday. The streets were
e____49____ and restaurants were closed.
But on a Saturday morning at 9 a.m., I was standing in a queue. I was waiting to see Leonardo da Vinci’s
Mona Lisa, the world’s most famous artwork. I bought the ticket in advance (提前). However, by the time I arrived
at the Louvre (卢浮宫), there had been a very long l____50____.
It took me around 30 minutes to pass the security check. As I entered the museum, I found the second airport-
style queue of the day. The line moved forward s____51____ and silently. It’s just like a trip to Ikea. You have to
be patient because it takes much time to move forward. However, you have to walk, eyes-down, past lots of sofas
and tables before you reach what you need.
The only sign the Mona Lisa was c____52____ was a forest of security officers. Only ten people were
allowed to view the painting at a time. A poster outside the pen warned, “The Mona Lisa has many admirers.
Please keep your visit short and sweet to give e____53____ a chance to meet her.”
“How short is short and sweet?” I wondered. Very short, it turned out.
My watch clocked only 22 seconds from entering the pen before two staff members told me it was time to go.
“One photo and go,” they said. I tried to take a selfie, but an arm quickly came to guide me onwards. Behind me,
the queue slowly moved forward, ten by ten, to take a photo and leave.
I was almost a____54____ as I admired the other artworks in the Louvre. I couldn’t help wondering: Why are
we so eager to see the Mona Lisa? Are we really going to appreciate the famous artwork or are we just “checking
in” at the “popular” attraction?
【答案】49. empty##mpty
50. line##ine
51. slowly##lowly
52. close##lose
53. everyone##veryone
54. alone##lone
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了作者在巴黎卢浮宫参观《蒙娜丽莎》
经历，描述了排队等待的过程以及参观时间短
暂的情况，同时引发了作者对于人们如此渴望看《蒙娜丽莎》的原因的思考。
第14页/共16页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
【49 题详解】
句意：街道空荡荡的，餐馆也关门了。根据“Most people were out of the city, enjoying their summer holiday.”
可知，大多数人出城度假去了，所以街道是“空的”，用形容词“empty”作表语。故填empty。
【50 题详解】
句意：然而，当我到达卢浮宫时，已经排起了很长的队。根据“I was standing in a queue”及首字母提示可
知，此处指排起了很长的队，“队”用名词“line”，a 后跟单数名词。故填line。
【51 题详解】
句意：队伍缓慢而安静地向前移动。根据“You have to be patient because it takes much time to move
forward.”可知，移动需要很多时间，所以队伍移动得“缓慢”，用副词“slowly”修饰动词“moved”。故填
slowly。
【52 题详解】
句意：唯一表明《蒙娜丽莎》就在附近的迹象是一群安保人员。根据“a forest of security officers”及首字母
提示可知，有安保人员说明《蒙娜丽莎》就在“附近”，“在附近”用“be close”。故填close。
【53 题详解】
句意：请让您的参观简短而愉快，给每个人一个见到她的机会。根据“give...a chance to meet her”及首字母
提示可知，是给“每个人”一个机会，“每个人”用“everyone”。故填everyone。
【54 题详解】
句意：当我欣赏卢浮宫的其他艺术品时，我几乎是独自一人。根据“Behind me, the queue slowly moved
forward, ten by ten, to take a photo and leave.”可知，参观《蒙娜丽莎》的人一批一批地快速离开，所以欣赏
其他艺术品时几乎是“独自一人”，用“alone”作表语。故填alone。
D.
Read and answer the questions
As a child, Alain Robert was afraid of heights. One day, when he was 12, he returned home from school. At
the front door of his building, he looked for his keys. He didn’t have them. It was 3:30 pm and his parents worked
until 6:00 pm. Alain looked at his apartment on the eighth floor. He saw an open window. He closed his eyes and
imagined himself climbing the building. When he opened his eyes, he told himself, “I can do it.” Fifteen minutes
later, he was in his house and his fear of heights was gone.
Today, Alain Robert still climbs buildings. In 2003, he climbed a building in London dressed as Spiderman to
advertise the movie. In 2004, he climbed Taipei 101 (one of the tallest buildings in the world at that time) and in
2011 he climbed the Burj Khalifa Tower in Dubai. To reach the top of a building, Robert uses only his hands and
special shoes. To climb the Burj Khalifa Tower, though, he was made to wear safety ropes.
Robert climbs as a hobby. He also does it to make money for charity—for children and the homeless.
第15页/共16页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
Climbing is his passion. Although many climbing accidents have left him seriously disabled, he has become one of
the best solo climbers in the world. When he climbs, he wants to send a message to people. If you have a dream—
something you really want to do—it can become real. But you must be brave and keep trying. If something bad
happens, don’t give up. Close your eyes and tell yourself, “I can do it”.
55. Alain Robert is afraid of heights, isn’t he?
____________________________
56. Why did Alain climb a building in London dressed as Spiderman?
____________________________
57. What did Robert use when he climbed the Burj Khalifa Tower in Dubai?
____________________________
58. Robert climbs for two reasons. What are they?
____________________________
【答案】55. No he isn’t.
56. To advertise the movie.
57. He used only his hands, special shoes and safety ropes.
58. As a hobby and to make money for charity./As a hobby and to make money for charity for children and the
homeless.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Alain Robert 从童年克服恐高症到成为世界顶级徒手攀岩者的经
历，以及他攀爬高楼的动机和传递的积极信息。
【55 题详解】
根据“his fear of heights was gone”可知，Alain Robert 的恐高症已经消失，他现在不恐高了。故填No, he
isn’t.
【56 题详解】
根据“he climbed a building in London dressed as Spiderman to advertise the movie”可知，他装扮成蜘蛛侠是
为了宣传电影。故填To advertise the movie.
【57 题详解】
根据“To reach the top of a building, Robert uses only his hands and special shoes. To climb the Burj Khalifa
Tower, though, he was made to wear safety ropes.”可知，攀登迪拜哈利法塔时，他使用了他的手、特殊的鞋子
和安全绳。故填He used only his hands, special shoes and safety ropes.
【58 题详解】
根据“Robert climbs as a hobby. He also does it to make money for charity—for children and the homeless.”可知，
第16页/共16页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
他攀爬的两个原因是爱好和为慈善筹款——为儿童和无家可归者捐款。故填As a hobby and to make money
for charity./As a hobby and to make money for charity for children and the homeless.
VII. Translate the following sentences into English.
59. 请关注你的个人隐私，否则你将会有危险。(keep an eye)
____________________________
【答案】Please keep an eye on your personal privacy, or you will be in danger.
【解析】
【详解】此句可以用“祈使句+or+陈述句”结构。“请”用please，位于句首，首字母大写；“关注”用
动词短语keep an eye on，动词用原形；“你的个人隐私”用your personal privacy，作宾语；“否则”用
or；“你”用主格的you，作主语；“将”用助动词will，后接动词原形；“会有危险”用be in danger。
故填Please keep an eye on your personal privacy, or you will be in danger.
60. 数字技术使共享知识变得更加容易。(it)
____________________________
【答案】Digital technology makes it easier to share knowledge.
【解析】
【详解】根据汉语意思可知，本句描述的是数字技术的作用，用一般现在时；“数字技术”英文为
“Digital technology”，作主语；“使……变得更加容易”需用“make it+形容词+to do”结构 (it 作形式宾
语)，“make”用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式“makes”；“更加容易”英文为“easier”，作宾语补足语；
“共享知识”翻译为“to share knowledge”，作真正的宾语。故填Digital technology makes it easier to share
knowledge.
